The St. Louis Republic. [volume], March 06, 1904, PART III, Image 21

About The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919

Image provided by: State Historical Society of Missouri; Columbia, MO

                
tMM
TO-DAY'S REPUBLIC
PART III. I
Is Printed ia
12 PAGES.
I SEVEN PARTS.
iiuwiiifciiitwwTWiawwwviwrrTMtfrnrw
iwtnoinjiiininnrtnnrtwinin
EEPU
BLIC
LOUIS
X XI By
w
W
i
Wv
NINETY-SIXTH YEAE.
SUNDAY MOKNING, MARCH 6, 1904.
PEICE FIVE CENTS.
SOVEREIGNTY OF LOUISIANA WAS DELIVERED TO THE .UNITED STATES AT ST. LOUIS
New Sidelights on Historical Incidents of the Famous "Three-Flag Day."
srsr :ei:e3:eje.:e3 g-ou'S'sijcj.
rasryMS
v r..v ."ivtv
-sIf
:
t"V
!" -::
1.3
&8S
s
a ?rit
!St'9ftfri ...
fc. ;j.-7 ree-ir
mm
&?
5s&.-vs&r?r
?,i r . rH??5jYStoJ5:Kt.i'SK
?" -w:nj;sj?3e
wa t ., fBAfeirfMariajitsy:: sft'H vst:',iin4,'-i-rsr
, 7 " llfM.-- . W &.- " " - .? a v. . ' T - ". nsVEXUisKl r v- KilW ttbJHBMlsissKft '":w;ri i'J . 3ssssssssr. WwJT VlVitt
- ' 'Ml it I fill il'llli lull I 'nil hll I T 2&9JL$Wl
1 1 r it- r r--i 1 -rr i .in r 1 r-Ttannrir- d i i. I'll Mi i'i II I i wif "i jcr u, w ), i'i'v,vi"ii i&".jv a. iJ.; - .V!HPV.1
if rju, v i.' i, '- '- - - j- .r: iii nil - -t - - - - -- - -- ii i a!t "."iv1 j itouain .r . . . ..
.JLy-TTTWT
I i ' i ' i mi I miiiHUMIMM 'MIMI'll WHIP i ' MM I'i i1 ll H' I HIIIIH II I
flhini fiin T'jmaHMMigasCTSiigasaFafl
i w'iHiww wWiy ' 'in i Min i1' ' w i fi imi f i '' Mw1111!! Mi ;- VS:
.&lKSMsmsiISSSiisaRE !SSIJiBaBM8&ssls SSSSSKaraBweisfJiSjCaiB
ariYf, rL:ssu5;SrK.Si!3IW5S! WW3ttial::silxiim- tW5DS3f?SlB3'WaBaa-s-igK lJS'!-il-'SK5W
iliiiiiiirnii'r1 Jl ',Bt"eBMtliaaMll"eaa'" ..
..i7
WTj
mm
VIb
szJ''iai Gajtoaa-? set's C&ey6"est h?sj&
CQLomAL
HEHDQUIRrERS
Z7a$iZ$03.
&
-
j 5. &s&rLu
III HIIIW1 Wll , I
z-&&pScu
tsZ&l?.
'JJj
liiiilC
- i , -
"?!&
fa
t
.A
V'
Jt'ttetf"
'61 fl ,
'fc
if
&-
Sfap&fly
fv
f O'fSi ilKlflii Si 111 1
iHlti : 'CAjiM Mi-
! ::w.W''' Tsxa ,Hj?airu!a?-;.,:..f'- r.---rah,i2s&aaK1'Bi;
.v":.,r NHS" & i.v-'..'-'.'iT & 'A.HaK.f:
W WV.ftS; !JEJJ535!tp,83,rK. ..--&4! X-ASteC
.jiM
r i 'bi--7"sga? x fiftftsjffi
:i
)
-ASaSB
a-" ".,irH;?a
&SBTil(MlHhi
l&itCxZ.4fatjU rL
&R&
WZi
-g-4-
'Htttf
'. 1
. . .1
Trr"
s&- -.J4.7vrr",3r.
9Krf .w-!Z tr'?
4.T& a. , -tWTVSU4,
'3vL
quit;
?-u arf-Of
ij V.
.2U4-, -"
i .., o(,.w Wrwyi
' ' 11
- Mir-.
'"sat;''.
3t .! V3S40'ia'
,1 -,
Vii.
dtffif
1(nf
, OJ
rfjf&d
ffil
w"ic
, y . ... rr -Zo
PrSfsJ
.tc v00 TT "I
. X t
' '
mrr
W
&"'
frk-
W6
ih:
o2
f-'
&'
- i
t
-.
?
s. - J
5I1
1
i fl&lj
'.
J
rSf
?
r- '
'"
- ."'
V-
J
wp
r
H
-
1
-
w c yWa'
The -Universal Exposition to be heia In
commemoration of the centennial anni
versary o the treaty of Paris and the de
livery of the Louisiana Territory to the
United States has awakened much Inter
est in the events of 100 jears ago.
Archives have been examined. Forgot
ten trunks and boxes have been searched
for documents, letters and map3 that
might clear disputed points.
The separata transfer of upper and low
er Louisiana has caused much confusion,
'fhe Imposing ceremonies enacted at New
Orleans, December 20. 1S02, have led many
to believe that the sovereisnty over the
entire Louisiana territory was then ceded
to the United States.
ThB tradition that the final sovereignty
as not delivered until March 10, 1801. at
the post of St. Louis was all but forgotten.
The treaty of Can Ildefonso brought hope
to the colonists of once more passing to
the sovereignty of their mother country;
as time passed, and France did not take
possession, this hupe ga e place to doubt
It was only on receipt of a semiofficial
letter written by Laussat that the news of
the treaty of Paris become known even
then the colonists knew not the fate be
fore them, as Laussat says In this letter:
"It is probable the -United States will ex
change with Spain the right bank of the
river for Florida." It was not until Feb
ruary, ISM. that our citizens were official
ly notified by the Spanish authorities that
the territory would be retroceded to
France. On March 8 of the same year an
official bulletin was issued, fixing the next
day for tho retrocession of Upper Louis
iana to France. Speculation ran high, the
ordinary occupations of the Inhabitants
were suspended.
OPINION WAS DIVIDED.
In groups they tried to solve the future
destinies of Louisiana, Opinion was di
vided some contending, and not without
reason, that the American Government
fcavlac once secured the free navlztion of
the Mississippi River and a port of en
try, would exchange the territory with
Spain for Florida.
Others believed the United States In
tended colonizing Louisiana, as it had U1I
lols. All conceded that the French Re
public was sincere, and would carry out
tho terms of the treaty of Paris.
The weight of opinion among tho ablest
colonists of Upper Louisiana was In fa
vor of Americanizing the colony, and
general opinion became reconciled to the
approaching events.
On the morning of March 0 Captain
Amos Stoddard, acting as French Com
missioner, accompanied by an escort of
United States troops, under the command
of Captain Meriwether Lewis, whoso
name has been Immortalized with that of
Clark, reached St Louis from Cahokla,
and at onre proceeded to the Colonial
headquarters.
After conferring with Governor Delassus
and the Spanish officials it was determined
that the retrocession of Upper1 Louisiana
to France should be enacted at high noon.
The ceremonies were brief. The orders of
the Spanish Commissioners were read, a
royal salute was fired and the proud ban
ner of Spain, which had protected and
glien a mild and just administration to
Upper Louisiana for more than thirty
years, gave place to the flag of the French
Republic. For twenty-four hours St.
Louis was "once more Frence. Upon re
ceiving the Province, Commissioner Stod
dard appointed a guard of honor from
among the Inhabitants to act with the
American troops he had brought with
him, to protect the Interests of the French
Republic, awaiting tho transfer of the
territory to the United States.
At sunset the troops, guard and inhabi
tants assembled at the fort to witness the
lowering of the tricolor.
FLAG AGAIN RAISED.
In deference to the great nation that
had come to the rescue of Its own In the
hour of pern, Stoddard ordered the flag
again raised. Under the guard of honor
It proclaimed French sovereignty during
the night of March 9. At noon on March
10, Commissioner Stoddard, representing
the French Republic, transferred to Cap
tain Stoddard, agent of the United States,
Upper Louisiana, fulfilling the transfer
stipulations of the treaty of Paris, and
closing the ceremonies inaugurated in
New Orleans.
Tho ceremonies of March 10 were more
impressive than those of the 0th. As the
banners of tho United States and France
met midway on the staff, they hesitated
two national salutes were fired, and
Louisiana became American forever.
Captain Stoddard's address on this oc
casion to the new citizens of the United
States Is historic His predictions of the
benefit of free government and tho future
of the Union and Louisiana are remark
able in their accuracy.
At the close of the address tho citizens
swore allegiance to the Union.
In researches to unraval the tradition
of "three-flag day" the Missouri Histori
cal Society has collected sufficient evi
dence to make it conclusive that March
10, 1S01, was the last day of foreign sov
ereignty In Louisiana, and the first on
which the United States were In posses
sion. The following documents are in the col
lection of ihe Missouri Historical Society:
Photographic copy treaty of Paris; AurH
30. 1803.
Letter of Laussat to Chouteau (orbjlnai),
August 24, 1S03.
Draft of proclamation In chirography of
Hortez, supposed to be proclamation re
ferred to as having been issued February
13. 1801.
Proclamation of Governor Dejtssns
(original), March S, 1S0-1.
Facsimile letter Lausat to Delassus,
January 12, 1S0L
Spanish Commissioners to Delassus, or
dering retrocession of territory to French
RepuMlc (original). December 31, 1S03.
Commission of Stoddard as agent of
France to receive territory from Spain
(original), January 12, 1801
Receipt Of Stoddard to Delassus for full
possession and sovereignty for the French
Republic (original). March 9, 1304.
Military orders Delassus to Spanish
troops (original), March 8, 1804.
Commission and letter of instructions
from Governor Clalborao to Stoddard
(original), January 24, 1801.
Commission of Chouteau from Laussat
(original), January 12, 1301.
Draft of address by Delassus in un
knowp handwriting and reply on same
sheet by Stoddard in chirography of Stod
dard, March 8, 1S04.
Proclamation of Stoddard to tho inhabi
tants of Upper Louisiana (original), March
10. 1S04.
Draft of address' by Stoddard to the in
habitants. March 10, 1804 (original).
Copies of letters In chirography ot Stod
dard. Letter and Instructions from H. Dear
born, Secretary of 'War, to Stoddard, No
vember 7, 1801
Letter Stoddard to Claiborne and Wilk
inson, informing them be has possession
of territory. March 10, 1804.
Same to H. Dearborn, Secretary of War,
March 10. 1S04.
The proclamation of February 19 was as
follows:
INHABITANTS OP DPPErt LOUISIANA,
BT THE ORDER OF THE KING.
I am about to deliver up this Post and Its ds-
pecdencles.
The Hut under which you have been protected
for nearly thirtj-tlx years Js to be withdrawn.
From this moment you axa released from the
oath of fidelity you took to support it.
The fidelity sad courage with which you hav.
:cuarded and defended it will seer be forgot
ten, and In my character of representative 1
entertain tha most slccer. wiah for your prosperity.
The reading of tbe "Public Notice" was:
PUBLIC NOTICE.
We notify the duWIc that to-morrow, the
ninth of the presont month, between tbe hours
of 11 and 12. we will deliver Upper Louisiana
rto Captain Amos Stoddard, Agent and Com
missioner of the French Republic, In accord
ance with our public announcement dated nine
teenth of February last.
St. Louis ot the Illinois. March Sth, 1804.
By order
(Signed)
CHARLES DEHAULT DELASSUS.
Published by the Public Notary.
(Signed) JH. HORTIS.
Tho order of the Spanish Commission to
Delassus to deliver the Louisiana Territo
ry to Franco was as follows:
In coniequenca of a letter sent from New Or
leans of the 31st cf December of laet year (1S03)
by the Marquis de Caao Calvo and Don Juan
Manual de Calcedo, Brigadier General of the
roal armies and commissaries for his Catho
lic Majeity, for the transfer of the Colony and
Province of Louisiana to the Freach Republic,
addressed to Don Charles D. Losauss, Colonel
In th same armies. Lieutenant Governor of
Upper Louisiana and Commissioner appointed
by tbd said Caso Calvo and S&lzedo for Its
transfer, according to the contents of said let
ter reaulrinic him to give full and entire pos
session of said dependencies, to wit: Tedro
Clement Laussat. appointed by the French Re
public, to t&ka possession of the said colony and
,Provlnce of Louisiana, or any other persons
which may hai e been named to that effect, ac
cordlrc to the treaty of cession, and as by let
ter also sent from New Orleans, dated 12th of
January of tho current year, the said Commis
sion of tho French Republlo appoints, consti
tutes and nominates as sole agent and com
missary In behalf ot the nation Amos Stoddard,
Captain of artillery of tha United States of
America, for tbe rurpese of demanding and re
ceiving tbe sd Upper Louisiana, comprehend
ing tha said post St- Louis and Its dependencies
in virtue of the respective powers as explained
above:
"Now be it known that I, tha above Don
Carlos Dehault Delassus, la quality ot Lieu
tenant Governor of the same, at tbe require
ments duly made to me by the said Amos Stod
dard, agent and commissary of the French Re
public, have delivered the full possession, sov
ereignty and government of Upper Louisiana,
with the military posts, quarters and fortifica
tions thereto belonging: and I. Amos Stoddard,
commissary as such, do acknowledge to have
received the said possession on the terms men
tioned, of which I acknowledge myself sails
Sed as possessed of on this day. In testimony
whereof the Lieutenant Governor and myself
have stgncd these presents, sealed with the
seal of our arms, being attested with tha wit
nesses signed below, of which proceedings six
copies have to be made out, to wit. three In the
Spanish and three In tbe English languages.
Given In the town ot bt. Louis, of Illinois,
Sth March, ISM.
AMOS STODDARD.
CARLOS DEHAULT DESSUa
In presence of: Meriwether IS " Captain
First United States Regiment Ifffry; Antolae
Soulard. Surveyor General: Charles Gratiot.
Here is Stoddard's receipt to Governor
Delassus for possession of Upper Louisi
ana: The King, our Sovereign, having determined
to retrocede this province of Louisiana to the
French Republic, according to the announce
ment In the royal order Issued at Barcelona on
the 15th of October, 1S02, to that effect; and
having also commissioned us to carry the same
Into effect, by his subsequent roval order dated
at Madrid, the ISth of January, 1803, we have
put In execution the Intentions ot tbe Sov
ereign, by delivering up the government of this
place, and the command ot the Province to the
Colonial PretecV, Pedro Clement ISussaut,
Commissioner olho French Republic, on the
thirtieth day ofWovember of the present year,
and you are hereby requested to deliver up to
the agent or officer of the said Prefect who
may bo authorized by him to receive from
you the command of the post and its depend
encies, now under the orders of your Excel
lency, as soon as he shall present himself be
fore ou under the formalities of an Inventory
and valuation to be made by skillful persons
In that post, upon oath to act with due impar
tiality, ot tbe buildings which belong to the
King, not Including the artillery and other mu
nitions of war, which must be remitted entire
to this place.
Under the same formalities of an Inventory
the archives with the papers and documents
which concern only the Inhabitants of -the dis
trict and their property shall be delivered. Uk-
No. L Conclusion of receipt of
Captain Stoddard as agent of the
French Republic 'to Governor
Delassus for civil and military
possession of the territory March
9, 1S04.
No. 2. Draft of proclamation In
chirography of Hortis, notary, sup-
posed to be proclamation referred
to as having' been Issued February if
13. 1804.
No. 3. Conclusion of order of
Spanish commissioners tp Gov-
ernor Delassus to deliver so-ver-
elgnty of Upper Louisiana to the
French commissioner.
No. 4. Proclamation of Governor
Delassus (original) of March 8, 1804.
No. 6. Introduction of letter of
Laussat to Pierre Chouteau (orlg-
inal), August 24, 1803.
-
Ing for the whole a receipt. In order that ther.
always may be evidence of what has been de
livered upon our part to the French Republla
and cause the came to appear on the general
Inventory.
We particularly enjoin- upon your Excel
lency the punctual execution of the fore
going, for which you are authorized to avail
yourself of all the means that may be found
In the district tinder your charge.'
THE MARQUIS OK CASO CALVO.
MANUEL DE SALCEDO.
TO Don Carlos De Lanus. Cunts ds Illinois.
WOMEN ARE -UP IN ARMS.
Bill Pending in Congress to Tax
Jewels in the District.
REPUBLIC SPECIAI
Washington. March 5. Consternation Is
rapidly spreading- among- the wealthy
women of Washington because of a bill in
Congrers which win prevent them from
dodging tayes on cORtly jewels on the)
ground tv' they are heirlooms. This bin
I by the Diitrlct CommissiOn
terested to amend tbe opera
tax laws of the District 'la
vas i
era at.
tion o
general.
It has just been discovered, by some m
terested women, that It Includes a pro-,
vision that jewels shall no longer be con
sidered heirlooms, and, therefore, bo ex
empt from taxation as In the past.
There is hardly a social function now
adays where the bill and Us author. Rep
resentative Cowherd of Missouri, aro not
discussed with great anxiety and soma
bitterness by the women possessing Jewels.
Mrs. L. Z. Leiter Is said to own the fin
est collection of Jewels at the capital. Her
rubles alone are worth a king's ransom.
RECORDS DEED 82 YEARS OLD.
Owner of Maine Property Closes
a Legal Gap.
REPUBLIC SPECIAL.
Portland. Me.. March 5. A real estate)
deed eighty-two years old, which had
never been recorded, has been filed. It re
lates to the conveyance of a large tract of
land In Windham, sold to James Yetton,
of New Gloucester to Cyrus Wilson of
Cumberland. February 23, 1822, for 1100.
The land having passed from father to
son and there having been no occasion far
looking up the title or ownership, the far
that the Instrument bad not been record
ed was not known by its present own
until a few days ago, when he hasteneS
to comply with that Important formality
All the persons named In the deed. In
cluding the grantor, grantee, four wit
nesses and the Justice of the Peace before)
whom the oath was taken, having long
been dead.
. atE VAv Ji, -jV -ucj "t-st (
.-!..
Si WtV-Wgiaft-ilcJfejrji. -siC:-.
- 23&$$fabmiUn-
Si..Mi3KtKi
- j.v && 'JX.S&&&&3. if tsJUwL-ijeJ
j-i -ft. antlfrvrjfcvlsiv.'-.
tt-aJEa-ir,--.
-