Modern Hoqie Aided Byrd Pole Dash;
Sugar Cane Fought Cold of North
The
the
House
in
Arctic.
Loading
Ship for
Trip.
Byrd in
Airship
and
Doughnut I
Boat.
I
A MODERN home lniilt in the Arctic
defied the death-dealing cold of the
I'olar Regions and proved an in
valuable aid to Lieutenant Commander
Richard E. Byrd in his successful flight to
tile North 1 ’ole, which lie circled three
times in a record breaking flight of 1,500
miles in 15 hours and HO minutes at an
average speed of 08.75 miles an how.
‘It was at the Spitsbergen base, King’s
Bay, wheie this first modern house was
. constructed amid the snow and ice of the
Arctic immediately upon the arrival of
Lieutenant Byrd and his companions, as
a permanent home and observation sta
tion for the explorers. The house, which
I “ V Ul ri-'gui north in marked con
t,.u*t to V.10 t,r °o of tIle eskil,1°- was equipped with a eom
plete radio outfit that those who remained at the base
while Lieutenant Byrd made his thrilling dash to the
£?. «w*j» woch m
..outside tvotid,
foi mod as to the progress and success of the flight
It was to this same home that lie returned after his
hazardous trip and from which some of the first mes
sages were sent to the waiting public, telling them
through tlie lanes of the air that Byrd had circled the
pole three times and had returned to his Spitzbergen
home in safety, adding one of the most memorable pages
to the history of Arctic exploration.
... Sugar Cane Fights Polar. North.
When Lieutenant Byrd left the Brooklyn Navy Yard on
4he ship Chantler he da-dared he had the best and most
scientifically equipped expedition that ever had started
for the North Pole. Special plans, were made for the
erection of his Arctic home. Boards of celotex insulating
lumber made from bagasse (sugar cone fiber after all
sugar juices have been extracted) were carried along
with the latest inventions to aid in polar exploration.
Tills building material is very light and is filled with
millions of air cells, which give it-great insulation value
and resistance to change in temperature, especially the
severe cold. One odd circumstance in connection with
the use of this material is that the sugar cane of the
south was utilized to fight the cold of the north.
Celotex was selected instead of lumber because tests
made by the United Stales Bureau of Standards' and
its universal use in building construction all over the
world, had demonstrated that this insulating lumber
would keep the quarters of the explorers warmer and
protect their living conditions more securely than ordi
nary building material.
* It was only after careful investigation by the scientific
men In the expedition that celotex was selected. These
authorities pointed out that the protection afforded by
its insulation efficiency was three times as great as ordi
jiary lumber and nearly twelve times as great as that
of brick and other masonry material. The ship Chantler
also was lined with celotex as an added precaution to
keep the ship warm while the explorers used it in the
preliminary stages of the expedition.
In practically every other way this expedition was
more scientifically prepared than any of its predeces
sors. These included inventions of Commander Byrd
himself. A simple sun compass conceived by Byrd and
developed by Mr. Bumstead of the National Geographic
Society, superseded the complicated German device, de
veloped three years ago for Amundsen. The drift in
dicator also wns Byrd’s invention. The bubble sextant
by which the navigator obtains his bearings while in
flight was another one of his inventions. Still another
scientlc development was a quick method of telling when
one is at the North Pole. This has been worked out
by G. W. Littlehales, the navy’s hydrographic engineer"
Device Locate* the Pole.
Byrd and others contributed to a chart of the mag
netic lines flowing toward the magnetic North Pole,
which Is In Bolthla T.npd, 1,200 miles south of the Pole.
Between Bolthla Land and the Pole the eampass poincs
south Instead of north and over much of the Arctic
It Is badly disturbed by the discrepancy of position be
tween the geographical,North Pole and the magnetic
• North Pole.
This chart of the magnetic lines, flowing to the mag
netic North Pole, although It was far from complete, was
such as to enable the navigator to tell in what direction
the compass should point from any spot in the Arctic.
With this knowledge, the erratic behavior of the com
puss becomes orderly and it is once again a useful instru
ment.
A third type of compnss used was a device of Infinite
sensitiveness—a revolving electrical coll, which Is ad
justed to a given relation with the magnetism of the
earth. This, the sun compass, and the magnetic com
puss were each used to correct the other.
Lieutenant Byrd in his flight used a quick method of
telling when he was actually at the Pole. This was the
invention worked out by Mr. Llttlehales, the U. S.
Navy hydrographic engineer. It shows the sun’s posi
tion from theeNorth Pole at every hour of the day and'
every day of the year. When the flyer is near the Pole
he can, by ascertaining the exact position of the sun,
prove that he is near the Pole.
Flie* 3,000 Miles Over Aretie.
The expedition, backed by such men as John D.
Rockefeller, Jr., and Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., had three
main objects.
• ■:*.'■> ; . 1 c ■ . ■
1— To prove that air navi
gation in tlio Arctic is feas
il)lc and tiiat freight and mes
senger travel over the top of
tlie world is certain to come.
2— To hunt for new land
in the unexplored areas of
the Arctic.
8—To conquer the North
Pole from the, air ns a sport
inj: adventure and as a dem
onstration of what a plane
can do—not a geographical
— study, us tne rote was oaggea
for all .time by Admiral Peary.
Probably no one knows more about
Arctic flying than Commander Byrd. From
the Oreenlnnd base of the MacMillan ex
pedition at Ktah last year he flew 3,000
miles over the Arctic, studying the be
havior of oil, motors, compasses, and
other navigation instruments at great
lliuuiues uvei my ruiui seu.
With him this t#me Commander Byrd took a noted fuel
expert, who is Flying C’oinnmnder G. 0. Noble, ns it
requires great-skill and pains to prevent the freezing
of lubricating oil and stiffened action of the motors, if
forced to work on the plane in the open at great
altitudes with the thermometer at CO to 70 below zero.
The points which favored the mouth of May were that
the Arctic fog had not begun to rise and heavy snows still
covered the land and afforded many good landing places.
A factor of safety pointed out by Commander Byrd in
connection with the use of the Fokker machine is that it
carries a reserve engine. It has three engines. With a
light load one is expected to be sufficient to maintain the
plane in flight. With a normal load, two engines will do
the work. If two engines break down at one time, when
the plane is not too heavily, loaded, it may fly with the
use of one engine. The Fokker machine has a wing
spread of slightly more than, 04 feet. It Is said to be
a marvel of airship 'construction.
The other airplane—the Curtis Oriole—was to have
been used chiefly in finding landing fields so that if
the fliers found their main landing place covered with a
fog they might go elsewhere.
The Chantier was equipped with a powerful radio trans
mitter to send back the news of the expedition. The
Fokker also is equipped with a receiving and trans
mitting set. Commander Byrd not only kept the world
informed of the progress of the expedition, but received
through the Chantier weather warnings to guide him in
his flight.
How Expedition Wei Equipped.
Forty-five hundred pounds of whole beef were included
In the rations of the Byrd crew of forty-seven fliers,
seamen and technicians. Also four hundred pounds of
pemmican (meat fats and raisins), huge quantities of
bacon, dried milk, erbswurst (pea soup) and other .sup
plies in proportion were carried along. Cod liver oil was
included for its healthful properties. Herbert Griggs,
who had charge of provisioning Peary’s expedition In his
famous dash to the Pole, worked out the rations for the
IJyrd explorers. Two pounds per man per day was the
allowance to take care of all emergencies.
No amount of clothing Is really sufficient when flying
1,000 or more feet in the air In th'e Polar regions, but
every possible precaution was taken by Commander Byrd
against exposure. The men were equipped with the
warmest and lightest of reindeer suits and with fur
parkas, a garment that reaches to the knees and has a
hood covering the head. Plenty of goggles were found
to be an absolute necessity to protect them against the
glare of the snow.
In spite of all the precautions the undertaking was
full of unseen danger. None of this equipment would be
of the slightest avail against some unexpected and un
precedented situation which might arise. There Is always
the danger of snowblindness, exhaustion, freezing, some
mishap to the engine. Lieutenant Byrd and ids com
panions, however, were particularly fortunate in escaping
with practically no ill effects except the exhaustion due
to such a perilous trip.
Pick Up Ice Pilot.
The ship Chnnlier's first stop was at Troraso, Norway,
where an ice skipper wae taken on to pilot the Chantler
anil its crew through the ice-filled waters around Spitz
bergen to King’s Bay, wiiere preparations for the first
flight to the Pole were made. The planes, the instruments
and the various oil mixtures used in connection with the
airship tests, were carefully examined and tested. Lieu
tenant Byrd’s original plans called for six flights as follows:
1— A -100-mile flight from Spitsbergen to Peary Land
to unload oil, provisions and equipment at a place that
looks promising for a landing.
2— A 400-mile flight back to Spitzbergen.
3— A second 400-mile flight from Spitzbergen to Peary
Land base with further food, fuel and equipment.
4— An SriO-mile flight to and around the Pole and back
to the Peary base.
5— An 800-mile round trip flight to the northwest over
unexplored areas in search of new lands.
,0—A 400-mlle flight front the Peary Land base back to
Spitzbergen:
It was his plan in his second flight to attempt to dis
cover new land, but when he received the report of the
flight of Amundsen in his dirigible, in which it was stated
that the Norge had failed to find any trace of new
land, Lieutenant Byrd decided to abandon further flights
and the trip over land on sleds he had planned in his
search for new land In unexplored areas. Now he has
decided to try to accomplish by airship at the South
Pole what he did at the North. As he left the Spitz
bergen base he stated that he would have Just as well
an equipped expedition for his southern flight as Ire had
in his recent adventure In the North.
' >
Schedule of Odd Jobs
Will Help Home Owner
It is a good tiling to have a month
!>y-inonth schedule of repairs for the
home, so that tin* various odd Jobs can
be anticipated and done in the proper
season. A midwinter blizzard is no
time to patch a leaking roof, nor is
the fly perio# suitable for repairing
screens. There is ulso the point of
service and economy in buying equip
ment, as a heating plant In the off
season, and likewise in hiring certain
work to be done.
The following schedule of odd Jobs
and repairs for the summer and fall,
which may be mod I fled to suit local
conditions, is recommended by .lolin It.
McMahon, a national authority on
home ownership, in Popular Science
Monthly.
July: Make thorough repairs on
the roof. Itcplace till missing or rotted
shingles and stop leaks. Inspect gut
ters and leaders for patching, paint
ing or replacement.
August: A good time for excava
tions of any kind. If foundations or
cellar walls need tarring or cement
plaster, do it now. All kinds of gen
eral building cun he done without
much need for weather protection.
September: If a new heutlng plant
is needed install it now. Apply weath
er stripping. Renew floors. Fix up
the coal bin and put in r supply of
winter fuel.
October: fiet the heating plant
ready tp tire up. Clean chimney from
t lie roof down. Point up loose bricks
with cement. Connect furnace smoke
pipe—new if required.
November: Take down screens and
screen doors. Rake up leaves around
tlie house. Start furnace.
Mistakes iti Building
One's Home Are Costly
All normal men and women plan,
some day, to have a home of the#
own; a place with trees, flowers, a
garden; a home for the children. But
most people building their first house
usually make mistakes that can be
uvoided. An architect, in an article
on home-building in Liberty'Magazine,
says: ‘‘Most architects make a mess
of the first house they build for them
selves. I made , one of mine. 1 was
joshed about it so much that I decid
ed to let a few of the wife's wishes
prevail in my next one—there was
bound to he a^next one, for the mis
takes in the first were too accusing.
"Instead of going at the job from a
running jump the next time, I'd take
counsel with my wife all the way
through. No building again In a val
ley with its wet mornings when the
hiw tops were bathed in sunlight. No
western exposures, with their sun
baked rooms. No more scourge of
mosquitoes.^ No laboring uphill
through snow and slush on my way
to work-—that was a Job in itself. No,
in our new home we'd eliminate most
of these bugbears. We'd live on a
hill
Standardized Cities
Fifty years from now the traveler In
America will be impressed with the
similarity in general plan and appear
ance of American cities. This has
been made certain by the passage of
zoning ordinances iti practically every
important center of population in the
United .Slates. Latest figures by the
Department of Commerce indicate
more than half of the urban popula
tion live in zoned cities and towns In
11*10 only a tenth resided in comttuni
ties where zoning ordinances governed
building activities and city develop
ment. The number of zoned cities In
ert-used from C in 11*10 to 73 in 1921,
205 in 11*23 and 425 in 11)25. Grouped
according to population, 47 of the 08
largest cities in the United States hav
ing over 100,000 population and 150 of
the 287 cities and towns having over
25,000 population have zoning ordi
nances in effect.—Lincoln Star.
Roae-Trellis Worth While
An alluring little rose-trellis is a
fascinating adjunct to any country or
suburban home, or, In fact, any home
that is not cramped for space.
Even the amateur carpenter can
constr -et an article like tills, since It
Is little more than an arch over a
seat. The arch is made of lattice
work so that a climbing vine may tind
a linn hold. A buck of open wood
work for the seat is in keeping with
the airy nature of the trellis.
/The whole should be painted either
white or green. White is the more
effective as a background for the
greenery of the vines and the bright
color of tlie pink or red roses. A com
paratively small space will provide,
room l'or this bower.
Citiea With Zoning Laws
Half the urban population of the
United States live in cities that have
been laid out or rebuilt to comply
with modern principles of zoning, ac
cording to n communication from the
United States Department of Com
merce.
The Dumber of cities zoned at the
present time is -JflO, the communica
tion states. In 1015 only six cities of
the country had zoning laws or ordi
nances.
Cleveland Is one of the cities In
which the zotdug and planning com
mission Is working out a specific pro
gram.
Napoleon's Soldiers Clean
Napoleon required his soldiers to
bst-ie every day.
• THE •
KITCHEN
CABINET
My thoughts come hying forth in
flocks,
Gay, eager ones of vivid hue; i
But oh, the little winged things
That start and then draw back
with fear;
These are the ones of all
That I hold vastly dear.
—Grace Bostick.
treasured recipes
A French preparation for soup sea- j
zoning which is considered very choice |
is tins: Jwo
ounces each of
sweet marjoram,
parsley and sav
ory, thyme and
lemon peel, and
one o u n c e of
sweet basil. The
herbs are dried
mid ground, .tlien u\J are sifted to
getlier until well mixed. This powder,
if carefully bottled and corked, will
keep for years. Use 3t sparingly.
Ever-Lasting Yeast.—Tie three dry
yeast cakes ill a cheese cloth, add one
quart of potato water, three table
spoonfuls of sugar and let stand
twelve hours. Itemove the yeast and
place In a glass jar well covered hut
not sealed. Use one cupful of the
yeast for six loaves of bread. Once
or twice a week till tin* jar with
cooled potato water, using the same
amount of liquid as the amount of
yeast removed each time. If not
enough yeast is used ench time take
out some each time the potato water
Is added. This will keep for years as
the potato water keeps nourishing
new yeast buds.
Olive • Oil Pickles. — Cucumber
pickles are a bit early yet but it is
well to have the recipes ready when
•the time comes. Take one hundred
small cucumbers, three pints of small
onions, one pint of olive oil, one ounce
each of celery seed and white pepper,
one-fourth pound of white mustard
seed. Slice the unpeeled cucumbers,
cover with one and two-thirds cupfuls
of salt, let stand three hours. Slice
onions, let stand in cold water to
cover, drain and mix all together with
spices and oil, pack in jars and fill the
Jars with good vinegar. Seal and
keep very cold.
Mustard Pickles.—To a gallon of
vinegar add one-half cupful of mus
tard, one cupful of salt, and two cup
fuls of brown sugar. Drop the young
cucumbers into the jar as they are
gathered and washed each day. When
the jar is full cover with horseradish
leaves. ' They will be good to eat in
two weeks.
/VLtCcc /VU*^vrdtHL
Early Protective Device
Pliny the elder, Hontnn naturalist
nn<l author, writing in the First cen
tury, Is perhaps the first to make men
tion of t!ie use of protective devices
for the lungs of workers in dusty
trades, lie said: “Those employed in
the works preparing vermilion cover
tlielr faces with :t liladder si;in. tliat
they may not inhale the pernicious
powder, yet they can see through the
skin."
Tel. ClifTside 1080 Estimates Furnished
N. MANNING
CONTRACTING AND JOBBING
Screens and Storm Sash Made to Order
777 EDGEWOOD LANE. GRANTWOOD
GRECIAN DANCERS AT THE SESQUI
These danc'Srs have selected for their graceful performance the keyston*
shaped pool in the court yard of the Pennsylvania State Building at the Sea
qui-Centennial International Exposition in Philadelphia, which celebrate* 1501
years of American independence. The spot is one of the most beautiful aiUT
artistic on the exposition site. The Exposition continues until December^ ^
EMMET W. LAWRENCE’S
Palisade Stables
207 Cumberniede Road (at Palisade Ave), Palisade
Phone Cl iff side 247
SADDLE HORSES AND PONIES FOR SALE AND FOR HIRE
By the Hour
^ iiiiiiititiiiiiimiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiittuiimfimiitiijiiiitiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiuiHUiiiiiHiiiiiiijiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiitg
| New Low Prices on Both the “WHIPPET” and the “OVERLAND SIX” f
§ The Reductions Range From $40.00 to $120.00 |
= New Delivered Prices s
! Whippet Touring, $715—Whippet Ccupe, $7G0—Whippet Sedan, $770 1
| Overland Six Touring, $905—Overland Six Coupe, $905 i
| Overland Six Sedan, $915—Overland Six Sedan De Luxe, $10651 !
| WILLYS-KNIGHT and OVERLAND MOTOR CARS §
f. E. V. DONALD, Dealer Phone Cliflfside 467' “'4“
| 168-170 Palisade avenue Clififside, N. J. I
;.'ii;iiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiii[iiinmiiiinninimiiiiiiniiiiniiiiiii;iini;iiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiinitiimiiiiiiig
■‘-.Saatfj
v\e have adopted high standards of superior ecjuioment,
that grace and dignity shall by ever present in our service.
A progressive professionalism that uses a modern science
aid a thought!ul tact that creates respect, are ours.
% HORGAN &HGR3AK k^KERALDlRECTORS
‘ 730 ANmSON AV£. f$AN7M0* N. J. TZL. CUFFitDF 2759
The Yellow Knight
One-Ton Delivery Truck
POWERED BY THE YELLOW-KNIGHT VALVE ENGINE
CHASSIS
F.O.B.
<<
A Chassis That Defies Use and Abuse
99
Alexander Aragona
SALES
4754 HUDSON BOULEVARD
WEST NEW YORK
Union 8588
SERVICE