Arizona republican. [volume], June 03, 1912, Page PAGE SEVEN, Image 7

About Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930

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4 ' &
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RELiCS QF WAR
I-t Fi1s. Qi:!ds ami Per.ios tonstner i:r,!fe
For our country, our laws and our altars
to fish!.
M'hi'.o our tars guird the seaboard, our
troop? line ti:e srcre,
Lt our enc.-.iies face us, we'll ask for no
more.
While o.:r hand grasp? the sword well pre
pared for the f':glit,
On Wasiilnston's glory we dwell with de
light. His spirit our guide, we can feci no
alarms;
While for freedom we fight we're victori
ous in arms.
From War Song of 1S12.
ay nnLLo i , Luniw,
T may seem a little ungracious In
a Americans just now to recall the ;
m tact tr.at a nunarea years ago
tneir forefathers twistPd the tail1
ot
the British lion, especially in view ;
y iV s - r'
tn $ h, t
? i fj. f .. ,.a.--.- K Ji ' -x:;: s,
of the present prevalence or the nanis sources and its armaments, which : that attacks v. ere made on AVashing
across the su" fee-ling and the various J helped so mightily in the undoing of ton, llaltimore and Now Orleans to di
rr.overaent3 looking forward joyfully to the great Bonaparte, to the war against 1 vert attention from the northern coun-
the celebration of a centenary of un
broken peace between the two main
branches of English speaking folk.
But the not to be denied historical fact
remains that on June IS. 1S12, the
t'nited States of America, then a strip
ling of thirty-six years, declared war
on Great Britain. James Madison was
president at that time.
It was only one of the world's In
numerable "little wars," so far as Great
Britain and the rest of the world out
side of America was concerned. It is
hardly an exaggeration to say that the
majority of Britons scarcely knew that
their cousins were defying the might
of the mother country in defense of
their right to sail the seas unmolested.
The British were so absorbed in the
life and death struggle with Napoleon
that they had not time for a glance
across the ocean.
Here Is one of the Interesting "lfs"
of history those fascinating specula-
THE KAISER'S
Upper- (iei DiMii Sail
ors Marching In
American City.
Lower The Moltke.
IT may oe doubted that Americans
generally, outside of official cir
cle, know or appreciate the high
compliment the kaiser has paid
them in sending the battleship cruiser
Moltke to visit American waters. The
development of the German navy be
ing the object nearest and dearest to
the imperial heart and the Moltke be
ing the pride of the German navy, it
follows that the dispatch of the Moltke
is evidence of very deep friendliness
on the part of the emperor. Let's all
hope that no American officer or any
one else will recite at a banquet "Hoeh
der Kaiser" r any other satirical
rrses, as happened on a certain mem
orable occasion several years ago.
The visit of the Moltke, with two small
er cruisers, the Bremen and the Stet
in, is intended primarily as a return
courtesy for the visits o American
warships to Germany.
AS
Of 1612 At FORT MOHRlOE
tions on the probable course of events '
lit circumstances h,ul shaped them
w!v
selves otherwise th.an they did: Had
Great Britain been able to turn its re-;
ns ex-subjects, would tiie result have
been different? I
But it's a hundred years ago. We had
better not stir up that old matter!
ag-aln. Suffice It to say that America
won after a war of two and a half
years.
In spite of the words of the American
poet quoted at the head of this story,
in. which he asks no more than to be
brought face to face with the enemy, began badly for Americans w ith the 1 or retreat. He tried to do both sirr.ul-1 surprise. England forbade her sea
historical verity compels the American failure, !n 1S12, of the Hull attempt to 1 taneously, it seems, but he was con- captains to fight American ships of su
chronicler to admit that In the War of invade Canada and the subsequent ' fronted by a brave British officer and j perior tonnage. American privateers
1812, "the second war for independ- '
ence," as It is sometimes called, the
enemy saw more of some of the Yan-
kees than their faces. These words,
with others, helped the Yankee soldiers i surrendered 2.F100 men, thirty-three
to march cheerfully into Canada, but! guns and the whole of Michigan to the
they failed of their inspiration when j British.
the Americans had to march back again ) It may be said In extenuation of
without glory and happy to have j Mull's offense for he was a brave
brought back their lives. Three times .fighter in the Revolutionary war that
the Americans tried to take what aft- 'he was far from his base of supplies,
BIG COMPLIMENT TO AMERICA
- - - "JA
It Is hard to avoid saying, so let it
be 88 id the Moltke is "some ship." In
the Mrst rtlne cho ia rtno nf the. fastest
of the world's big warships. In her trial
trip, made a few months ago, she reg
istered almost thirty knots, a record
for ships cf her class. The class is lt-
Qf'lf n. flPT; nrtn fUa "Hottleshin rrilis-
er," a type of tremendously swift and
powerful vessels.
The British navy ha3 only a few ves
sels to compare with the Moltke, and
the American navy none at all, for the
armored cruisers North Carolina,
Va9hinetoii and others of their class
are far below the Moltke in size, speed.
fighting power, number In crew, etc.
How big she is may be ascertained
from a comparison of her tonnage with
the greatest of American ships. She
displaces 22,632 tons, which is .nearly
3,000 lr excess of the Delaware and
North Dakota and only 1,825 less than
THE ARIZONA REPUBLICAN, MONDAY MORNING,
THE
.TV
FlGURfcHEAD OF
.TtCUMSEH...
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iff U7 v
fi'ACKSOH STATUE AT NASHVILLE. TENW.jq feiPEgRV'S VtCTORV On LAKEEgTgj
erward became the Dominion.
Three
times they failed, after valiant fight-
ins on both sids but in the end thev
had the British government so scared
try.
fjn M,,.-n .nr i
Everv American who remembers a
which he studied in his school dava re
tails the facts that on land the Ameri-
can forces, for the most part, failed to
cover themselves with glory, while on
! sea the Yankee record was the most
glorious ever made. The war on land j
surrender of Hull, named William by
his parents, when confronted bv Maior
General Brock. On Am-: 14 1 S l thisia
Hull, named William, as told before.
that of the Utah and the Florida,
prides of the Yankee navy. The bat
tleships Texas and New York will be.
when completed, only 4,000 tons big
ger than the Moltke. The Wyoming
and Arkansas, also under construction,
will displace 2fi,000 tons each.
So there is reason for the statement
that the Moltke will attract the ad
miring attention of American naval
men from the time she arrives in
American waters, on June 3, until her
departure ten days later. Official
Washington prepared to welcome the
Moltke, her sister ships in the squad
ron, the Stettin and the Bremen, and
their 2,000 officers and men (1.000 of
them on the Moltke) with receptions
by President Taft, dinners, etc. The
Germans have planned to visit Mount
Vernon, Annapolis, New York and oth
er places of interest.
The Stettin and the Bremen, although
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ihls supplies were scanty and his corn-
munications were interrupted. Be-
(sides thp snrnmrt nri.rnisrl tr him ,v
'General Dearborn was nor tV,rtn com
ing. Dearborn being busy in Boston at
that time mending his political fences.
So Hull front name. AVilliam. remem-!
ber was the American "goat" of the
war. Only his record saved him from
the Ignominy of standing against a actors, even from the British specta
blank wall and being shot by his own tors whose attention was attracted to
countrymen. He was court martialed ' the waves which Britannia emphatical-
and convicted, but pardoned by Presi
dent Madison. The fault of William
Hull, viewed in the perspective of a
century-, seems to have boen an in
abnity to dpcule whether to advance,
f,le result was disaster to Americans,
Brock lost his life on Oct. 13. 1S12, in
battle
in which his soldiers were
successful, at Queenstown, Ontario.
His monument, a high shaft, is familiar
to all visitors to Niagara Falls who
cross the boundary.
One Hull Who Won Fame.
Stress has been laid upon the first
name of General William Hull. That
is because there was another Hull on
fine specimens of the newer cruisers
of the German navy, seem almost like
tenders for their gigantic sister. The
Bremen Is 3,250 tons burden and the
Stettin 3.450. The former is regularly
stationed in West Indian waters, to
look after German interests in the
Caribbean sea.
The kaiser and his people have been
franlc in asserting that they want the
Americans to notice the Moltke and
her companions. Nothing should in
terfere, they lielieve, with the attention
paid to the splendid "battle cruiser,"
so they have timed the departure of
the vessels to take place before the
assembling of the Republican national
convention.
New York, with a century old repu
tation for hospitality to uphold, has
outdone itself, it seem. in preparing
for the visit of the German officers and
men. Probably never before in the his
tory of the city has so large and emi
nent a reception committee been named
to welcome distinguished guests. At
thi head of the citizens' committee
named by Mayor Gaynor is former
Mayer Seth Low, well known in Ger
many by reason of his educational, civ
ic and social activities.
Other eminent members of the com
mittee who will look to the reception
and entertainment of the German
sailors while they are in America's
greatest port are Andrew Carnegie,
Cornelius Vanaerbilt, General Horace
Porter, General Stewart L. Woodford.
Admiral Leutze, General T. IL Bliss,
Collector Loeb, General James Grant
Wilson, J. P. Morgan, Jr., Jacob H.
Schiff and Peter Cooper Hewitt. The
list might be extended much further, for
virtually every one of note in the me
tropolis is included. If the Germans
leave American shores dissatisfied with
their reception it will not be because
time, money and energy have been
spared in the effort to make their visit
ing a wonderful success.
Reading the list of Germans to be
entertained In American is almost like
taking pages out of the Almanach de
Gotha, the official guide to European
nobility. Commanding the squadron
is Rear Admiral von Reuber-Pasch-witz,
who was formerly naval attache
in Washington and has made a name
for himself among American naval offi
cers as an all round good fellow. The
commander of the Moltke is Ritter von
Mann Edlr von Tischler. The Stettin
is commanded by Captain Zenker,
and his first officer is Baron von Se-nercens-Grency.
Included among the
officers of the squadron are two men of
royal blood. They are Ensign Prince
Henry XXXVII. of Reuss, on the
Moltke, and Lieutenant Prince Chris
tian of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld,
on the Stettin.
HEINRICH MAGNUS.
JUNE 3, 1912.
i
TOMB OF CAPTAIN
cAMES LAWRENCE
ii"riinoi
'; .iMiir?T3f oat
sot -
"Perry vicTORMERoRiAiri
Bf THE PtRKYVS V:C.TOP.Y CtNTCWMIAt.
COMMIS-SlOM
whom the full light of glory and honor
beat in the war of 1S12. That Hull
was Captain, afterward Commodore.
Isaac Hull, nephew of the aforesaid
William. He was one of the "stars,"
! so to speak, of the drama which Great
Britain and the T'nited States set forth
on the water. For the most part, all
the applause went to th'e American
ly did not rule.
In the words of Professor William E.
Dodd, professor of history in Randolph-
Macon college: "The telling work of
the American navy took the world by-
swarmed the Atlantic. They did effec
tive work. It became dangerous for an
English merchantman to cross the Eng
lish channel. They captured 500 ves
sels during the fall and winter of 1812
13. Marine insurance for the Irish sea
rose to 13 per cent."
In much of this naval activity Isaac
Hull bore an honorable part. But his
greatest feat, the one on which his re
nown is mainly based, was the fight
THE AMERICAN
Impeachment A calling to account: ar
raignment, especially of a public officer
for maladministration. A calling in ques
tion as to purity of motives, rectitude of
conduct, credibility, etc.; accusation, re
proach; as an impeachment of motives.
Jn England it is the privilege or right of
the house of commons to impeach and the
right of the house of lords to try and de
termine Impeachment". In the United
States it ia the right of the house of rep
resentatives to impeach and of the senate
to try and determine impeachments.
Webster.
OR the ninth time in the his
tory of the United States the
country has been called upon
to witness the spectacle of a
man in high office facing impeachment
on tho charge of committing "high
crimes and misdemeanors." Judge
Robert Wr. Archbald of the court of
commerce, accused of having improper
business relations with railroad com
panies while sitting on the federal
bench which is called upon to deal with
questions affecting such companies, is
the sixth member of the federal ju
diciary whose conduct while In office
has been called Into question.
The other three men impeached have
been President Andrew Johnson, in
1868; William Blount, senator from
Tennessee, in 1797-8, and "William W.
Belknap, secretary of war, in 1876. The
judges have been John Pickering,
United States district judge for New
Hampshire, in 1803; Samuel Chase, as
sociate justice of the United States su
preme court, in 1804; James H. Peck,
district judge for Missouri, In 1830;
West H. Humphreys, district Judge, for
Tennessee, in 1S62, and Judge Charles
Swayne of the district court for the
northern district of Florida, in 1904-5.
Only two of the eight cases preced
ing Judge Archbald's resulted In con
victions. They were those of Judge
Pickering, guilty of rendering decisions
contrary to law and of drunkenness
and profanity on the bench, and of
Judge Humphreys, convicted of treason
in engaging in active rebellion against
the Washington government. Judge
Humphreys made a secession speech in
1860 while still a member of the fed
eral Judiciary and did not resign his
office even after he had accepted a
place on the bench of the Confederate
states.
Senator Blount was accused of con
spiring with the British to transfer
New Orleans and adjacent territory
from Spain to Great Britain through
the medium of a British fleet and a
land force to be furnished by Blount.
When the senate received notice from
the house that impeachment was in-
I tended the senate first put Blount un- I
F
'I i fey.
with the Guerrlere, on Aug. 19, 1812.
Hull commanded the famous frigate
Constitution, known later as "Old Iron
sides," and now laid up in most hon
orable and reverenced retirement in
the Charlestown navy yard. The fight I
took place about S00 miles southeast of
Boston. In half an hour Hull reduced
the enemy's ship to a complete wreck,
killed or wounded one-third of the
crew and received the rest as prisoners, i
Sometimes the British Won.
;1
But the seafightmg, as the battling j Thames, Oct, 5. 1813. Many historians
on land, was by no means one sided, j hold the view that only the energy and
In several instances the British tars (ability of Tecumseh prevented the con
turned the tables on their opponents I quest of Canada by the Yankees,
and trounc ed the Yankees. One notable The war w..s ended by the treaty of
case was that of the American frijrate i Ghent, signed Dec. 24. 1814. Neither
Chesapeake, commanded by Captain Jside gained anything as to boundaries,
James Lawrence. She was defeated and the disputed questions of rights of
and destroyed hy the British frigate : search of vessels, impressment of sail
Shannon on June 1. 1S13. Lawrence ors and the status of neutral trade were
was killed. He died bequeathing to the;settled not by the war in America, but
American navy the glorious watchword , j by the downfall of Bonaparte.
"Don't give up the ship:" j Before the news of the signing of the
On inland waters the Americans were:treaty reached the fighters in America
signally successful. On Sept. 10, 1S13, (the last and greatest battle of the war
occurred the famous victory of Com-! was fought at New Orleans, on Jan. S,
modore Perry on Lake Erie. After two i 1 SI 5. actually fifteen days after peace
hours and a half of savage fighting the!was announced formally in Europe
lake remained indisputably in the (The Americans were commanded by
hands of America. It was after this General Andrew Jackson, afterward
battle that Perry sent his famous mes- ' president of the United States. The
sage, "We have met the enemy and
they are ours." to General William
Henry Harrison, then commander of
an army assembled for the purpos? of
invading Canada. It helped greatly to
lighten the hearts of the Americans,
and soon thereafter they gained im
portant successes on land and water.
In 1814 came the burning of Wash
ington public buildings by the British
In retaliation for the burning of the
government house in York, now To
ronto, the year before, by the Ameri
cans. The attack of the British on
Baltimore failed, but it gave rise to the
composition of America's national an
them, "The Star Spangled Banner,"
RECORD OF
der heavy bond and then expelled him.
Later he was elected to the senate of
his state. He was acquitted by the
federal senate on the ground that, as
a senator, he was not a "civil officer."
.udge Chase was called not guilty of
charges or omeiai misconduct, although
it was shown he made before a Mary
land grand jury intemperate criticisms
of the federal administration of his
day. The senate said that his conduct
was "rather a violation of the princi
ples of politeness than of the princi
ples of law." Judge Peck punished an
attorney for contempt of court after
the latter had published a criticism of
Judge Peck's opinion
a civil case.
iir
Mm)
Left to right Judge Swayne, President Johnson, Judge Archbald.
but the senate held the offense did not
warrant conviction.
Secretary of War Belknap was ac
cused of accepting a bribe. The sen
ate decided that he, having resigned
office, was not amenable to impeach
ment by the house, as he had ceased to
be a civil servant of the United States.
The latest case before' that of Judge
Archbald was Judge Charles Swayne s,
in 1905. The house arraigned Judge
Swayne on charges of corruption and
maladministration of his office, but he
was acquitted by the senate. Judge
PAGE SEVEN.
'PA'
4 .,x
i v
HOME QF FRANCIS!
SCO KP Y.
WAS HlNCS TO N,D. v;
written by Francis Scott Key, who wit
nessed the bombardment of Fort Mc
Henry, one of the defenses of Balti
more. 4 Important Indian Figure.
One of the most interesting and Im
portant figures of the war was Tecurn
seh, the Shawnee Indian chief. He
allied himself and his people with the
1 British and proved a thorn in the ilesh
of the Americans time and again, until
,he was killed in the battle of the
British commander was General Pak
enham, a veteran of the Napoleonic
wars. He was the brother-in-law of
Wellington and was considered a brave
and skillful soldier. Pakenham was
kil'ed In the battle, and his army of
$.000 lost 2.03C men killed and wound
ed. Jackson's entire loss was eight
killed and thirteen wounded.
Lossing, in his "Pictorial Field Book
of the War of IS 12." says. "The history
of human warfare presents no parallel
to this disparity in loss." Put he adds.
"The Americans were thoroughly pro
tected by their breastworks, while the
British fought in front of them on an
open, level plain."
IMPEACHMENTS
.Swayne retained office and died in 1907.
The most famous of American im
peachment cases, and one of the great
cases of the world, was that of Presi
dent Andrew Johnson, accused of iviis-
'using the powers
of his office in re
of War Stanton, of
.moving Secretarv
violating the tenure of office act and
of denouncing congress as an unlaw
fully constituted body.
In accordance with the terms of the
federal constitution, which provide
that in the case of the impeachment of
a president the chief Justice of the
United States shall preside over the
'senate sitting as a court (it being held
that the vice president, who is presl-
dent of the senate, has a personal in
terest in the removal of a president)
Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase pre
sided. It takes a two-thirds vote to
convict in Impeachment proceedings,
and this the opponents of President
Johnson could not obtain. The presi
dent was acquitted.
The president has no power to par
don in case of impeachment, and the
senate is the final tribunal. Impeach
ment of state officers is provided for in
the constitutions of the states.
ARTHUR J. BRINTON.
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