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PAGE FOUR THE ARIZONA REPUBLICAN, TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 25, 1914 1 lH ill Arizona Republican's Editorial Page i The Arizona Republican Published by ARIZONA PUBLISHING COMPANY. The Only Paper In Arizona Published Every Day In the Tear. Only Morning Paper in Phoenix. Dwlght B. Heard President and Manager Charles A. Stauffer Business Manager Garth W. Cate Assistant Business Manager J. W. Spear Editor Ire, H. S. Huggejt City Editor Exclusive Morning Associated Press Dispatches. Office, Corner Second and Adams Streets. Kntered at the Postoffice at Phoenix, Arizona, as Mail Matter of the Second Class. Address all communications to THE ARIZONA REPUB LICAN. Phoenix. Arizona. TELEPHONES: Business Office , 421 City Editor 433 SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Dally, one month, in advance 3 .75 Daily, three months, in advance 2. 00 Dally, six months, In advance 4. 00 Dally, one year, in advance g 00 Pundays only, by maii 250 TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 23, 1914 We make daily great improve ments in natural there is one 1 wish to see in moral philosophy: the discovery of a plan that would in duce and oblige nations to settle their disputes without first cutting one another's throats. Benjamin Franklin. The Capital Punishment Issue. Next in popular Interest to the prohibition amendment is the proposition to abolish capital pun ishment in this state and which, as the campaign proceeds, will probably take a foremost place in the discussion. It is the one issue closely linked with the fortunes of any candidate for office. It is the only one of the proposed laws or amendments on which any candidate has so far committed him self. Governor Hunt has declared his advocacy of it, and in the course of the campaign, if nominated, or if not nominated, he will probably vigorously urge its adoption. The governor appears to have largely staked his fortunes on this issue. As the leader of his party in the state, the gov ernor cannot appeal to his party to support this amendment or to support himself as the chief advo cate of it. The democrats of the party in Arizona have before them a higher authority, a still greater democratic leader, whose views, or, at least, whose official acts with respect to condemned murderers are quite different from those of Governor Hunt. President Wilson has permitted two judicial execu tions, two -legalized murders,-' to take place in Arizona, notwithstanding appeals were made to him for clemency. The president has the same power of commuta tion and reprieve as that which Governor Hunt enjoys, but he used it differently. No doubt the president is as averse to taking human life ,as Governor Hunt, but he has a truer conception of the use of his power, which was not given him as a vehicle for the expression of his own sentiments, but in order that justice as defined by existing laws may be done. It was the verdict of juries and the older of courts that the two Globe murderers should be hanged, and the president saw no reason why the decree was unjust. The governor is unfortunate in that in the less than three years in which capital punishment ' has been suspended in Arizona, the state has gained a particularly black homicide record, probably worse than that of any equal population in the country. There are eight or nine men in the penitentiary under suspended death sentences. There are many more under life sentences for crimes as fiendish. There have been acquittals of other defendants who were as guilty as any of those who have been convicted. We may well believe that many of these murders would not have been committed but for the knowledge that if captured and convicted the murderers could not be hanged. We have had the case of one Mexican murderer in this county who lightly, and even jokingly, re plied to his attorney while the matter of a retainer was being discussed, that his case was not so very serious, since he could not be hanged in Arizona. No doubt he had that in mind when he fired a shot into the back of an enemy who lay asleep. We also believe that but for that assurance that gang of Mexican woodcutters would not have mur dered in the most fiendish manner four American citizens, one of them an officer of the law, in Pinal county last week. But for this three years' bloody record, there might be a chance that the anti-capital punishment amendment would be adopted. The taking of human life, even on the gallows, is as distasteful to the average citizen as it is to the governor. But duty is frequently distasteful, and it has become plainly and painfully evident that the lives of law-abiding citizens, In this state at least, can toe rendered more secure only by the performance of a distasteful duty. Progressives and the Primaries It is desirable, and even important, that there be a good attendance of progressives at the primar ies. As we have before pointed out, the primaries everywhere, since the organization of the party, have generally failed to bring out a strong pro gressive vote. That was the case two years ago in, we believe, every state. Everywhere the progressives were a bad third. In Arizona the showing was so small, and in this city and county, that the repub licans felt sure that the progressive movement had died at its birth. Yet, at the election, the progres sives far outdistanced the republicans, casting 6,951 votes for Roosevelt to 2,986 for Taft. Likewise, in all other states, the progressives failed to turn out at the primaries. That was not ably so in Michigan, where, in spite of the evident Btrong progressive sentiment, only a few thousand progressive votes were cast at the primaries. Yet, at the election, the progressives carried the state handsomely, casting 214,584 votes, to 150,751 for the democrats and 152,244 for the republicans. One reason, and probably the chief one, why there is always such a light progressive vote at primaries, is that there are no contests within the party for nominations. In the primaries in Califor nia tomorrow, the progressives will almost certainly make a bad showing, but no one familiar with the political situation in that state can have any doubt that Governor Johnson and the progressive ticket will lead at the general election. The situation in this state is a peculiar one. In the three-cornered gubernatorial fight, perhaps a third of the citizens will cast their votes, not for some candidate whom they like, but against some candidate whom they do not like. These voters may r.ot have any choice between the other two candi dates, but they will cast their votes where they think they will do the most good for the apparently stranger of the other two candidates. Such voters will not unnaturally be influenced by the primary figures. If the progressives make a stronger demonstration at the primaries than the republicans do and they can easily do so it will be worth many thousands of votes to them at the general election. We hope that every progressive man and woman will be at the polls on September 8. They can do more for the progressive cause then than they can do at the general election. Each voter can register only one vote, but at the' primaries a large aggre gate of progressive voters will produce many other progressive votes at the general election. We don't suppose that there is anyboody foolish enough now to care how long the stock exchange remains closed or how long the moratoriums abroad exist. There is no relation between operations on the stock exchange and the country's prosperity. It has frequently happened that the stock exchange was active and buoyant when the country was de pressed and that there was a stagnation in stocks when the tide of prosperity was high. The Gazette's "deadly parallel" of news which it did not print with that printed by The Repub lican is much less fatal to the Gazette than the daily parallel of the news columns of the two papers, it strikes us that a comparison of something tangible and easily seen with something invisible is a rather curious one. The price of spool cotton has lately advanced 20 per cent, in the wholesale market. Spool cotton is made only of long staple cotton, and long staple cotton is one of the growing industries of the Salt River valley, where the firBt bale has already been sold at 30 cents a pound. The clouds still maintain their flirtation with the valley without serious intent. But so long as they keep depositing their contents on the watershed it's all right. If they have just so much rain to spare and no more, we would rather it would fall there than anywhere else. Arizonians may not entirely lose their interest in the European war, but their attention will be somewhat distracted from it after September 8 by a war of their own. Some of the official bulletins from Paris and London during the past week seem to have been issued in the way of preparation for bad news from the front a caution against optimism. THE "WILL" OF PETER THE GREAT The will of Peter the Great, outlining for his successors a policy of keeping Russia always at war and making it predominant in Europe is being pointed out as one of the remote factois in the European situation at present. Historians agree that the will was probably a fake, inspired by Napoleon to Justify his invasion of Russia. But critical historians also agree that the will of Peter (will being taken to mean his intention and desire instead of a written document) has been put into effect in the policy followed by the succeeding auto crats of Russia. The document, which has been discussed and bandied about for more than a century, made its first appearance in 1812, in a volume by Charles Louis Lesur of the French foreign office. In that form it purported to be no more than a summary of the Russian policy from the time of Peter's death (1725) up to the then present 1K12; so, for the time, it was nothing more than a series of prophecies after the events. The French policy toward Russia was revealed by it, however, and historians since have declared that it was only another of the colossal blunders which marked Na poleon's whole Russian tactics. But twenty-four years later, Frederic Galllardet, a collaborator with Dumas, published the memoirs of a personage known as the Chevalier D'Eon, or d'Eon. This person, now as a woman, and again as a man, was a privileged character at the court of Elizabeth of Russia and also at the French em bassy in London. In these memoirs, Galllardet in cludes the document which he claims is an au thentic reproduction obtained from the private and family papers of D'Eon. Fifteen articles are here given. Peter, according to this version, states his belief that Russia must be the leader of Europe; to secure this position, Russia must be kept always at war or in arms to be instantly ready for action; intermarriages with Germany are to be fostered; Poland is to be divid ed; Sweden and Denmark incited to discord; en croachment to be made along the Black and Baltic seas; Austria to be used as an ally against Turkey, and then defrauded of its gain and plunged into defensive war with other European states, and Rus sia made dominant by a policy of playing one stata against another until in an unguarded rnoment Ger many may be overthrown. Verified memoirs of D'Eon exist in the archives of the Qua! d'Orsay and make no mention of a will by Peter the Great. THE MAN WHO DEFINED IT S ervia H ungary E ngland R ussla M ontenegro A utstria N etherlands -Detroit News. SO IT IS Willie Paw, what is a monogram? Paw That is a way of fixing your initials so no one can tell what they are, my son. Cincinnati inquirer. . SGENE OF THE CONFLICT ON THE FAR EAST KIAUCHAU THE OBJECTIVE OF JAPANESE KIAUCHAU Zm J J yJjS'-- K rVWUV-i? PHILIPPINE . jV CIS o "R r I o 7. itTwit ' e l v- S. ' l v m w ri C-O r JivixmWO The determination of Japan to enter into the arena of the European war has aroused keen anxiety, not only in Washington, but throughout Europe. That Japan's ambition is to completely dominate the Pa cific ocean is the general belief. This is her oppor tunity to drive Germany from the far east. In addition to Kiau Chau, the Germans own a number of islands of great strategic importance, including the Ladrone and Caroline Islands, and a harbor and coaling station in Samoa. Germany also owns a large section of New Guinea, which will probably pass Into Japanese hands should the yellow men be successful. Should Japan gain the holdings of the German empire in the far east, the Japanese would immedi ately become a far greater menace to America than they are today. The German islands in the Pacific are stretched along through the ocean between the Philippines and Hawaii, forming a barrier on the line of intercourse between American possessions. "The Japanese, being once let loose, may not rest satisfied to snap the small German colony in China and establish naval bases at the Carolines and at Samoa, giving them two fortified harbors between the Philippines and the United States says Heinrich Charles, director of the official war news bureau of the German-American chamber of commerce in New York city. England, having refused to localize the European Headache By WALT MASON ftjVyy-j'tV'UuJ'VdiEil satwA I wrap a rag around my brow, and say, ' have the headache now." when some renowned, acknowledged bores comes knocking blithely at the door. The bore is told of my distress, and goes away, but think, I guess, that all my fierce, con venient ache, would strike the doctors as a fake. My frau announces that the place needs cleaning up, It's a disgrace. "Go out,r she begs, "and take away, those old tin cans and bricks and hay, and make the whole blamed place appear as though white folks were living here." Whereat I heave a hefty sigh, and wipe some briny from my eye, and say. "Ah, naught would please me more! I dearly love just such a chore: But I am feeling half way dead I have a headache in my head." The head ache has its daily use; it is the finest old excuse! Without it life would be so blue! We couldn't dodge things as wo do. But now, when things un pleasant come, with anguish we pretend we're dumb, and to our chambers we repair, and nurse our gilt edge headaches there. EAST AND WEST CAN MEET How far has Kipling succeeded in entering into the real life of the people, and arriving at a correct appreciation of some of the problems of our Indian empire? Let me begin with those famous lines which represent Kipling's views on the nature and character of eastern and western civilizations and which have become almost a gospel of faith with the vast majority of those who have paid any thought to the subject: "East is East, and West is West, And ne'er the twain shall meet. The note struck by these lines suggests that some insuperable barriers divide the East from the West, and that, however intimate a connection be tween the two civilizations might he formed, an eternal distinction must exist between them. In other words. It is asserted that the West can have no real or permanent influence upon the East, however closely the civilization of the one may be assimilated by the other. The grounds on which this belief is held are partly historical nnd partly based on experience and observation. The former I need not discuss; the latter resolve themselves into two arguments. First, we are told that the number of those Ori entals who have acquired western culture is very small. And secondly, the class which has adopted the civilization of the West is not western at heart, that is, that the culture it has acquired is merely on the surface. The conclusion which we therefore are Invited to draw is that the influence of the West upon the East can never be real or perma nent. Both these propositions may be briefly contro verted. To say that the educated class can never be large enough to control the destiny of the country, proceeds upon an assumption which neither history nor experience warrants. It must not be forgotten, besides, that the really educated classes are always In a minority everywhere, Europe not excepted. Then, with regard to the assertion that the Orien tal's culture iB merely skin deep, the underlying idea seems to be that every point of distinction between the two people should vanish when the civilization of the one brings its influence to bear upon that of the other. The popular mind would appear to be incapable of striking a middle path. Either western influence must be nil, or it must efface every vestige of dis tinction. Either India must be made an exact du plicate of England or India's progress toward west ern ideals must be pronounced a rank delusion. An Indian Student, in August Llppincott's. SN FRANCISCO o equator. rn t OOTTB.O HUBS mtxca.TS' VreAMtMIP BOOTS s troubles in the Balkans, is not content in having mobilized the Russian semi-barbarians against Ger many's civilization and culture, but has now also dragged into the sphere of war the Mongolians, and through them the Pacific ocean. The Japanese, being once let loose, may not rest satisfied to snap the small German colony in China and establish naval bases at the Carolines and at Samoa, giving them two fortified harbors between the Philippines and the United Status. "With their enormous army and navy mobiliza tion they may use this opportunity to make them selves the complete masters of t.he Pacific ocean. Already the status quo in that part of the world has been upset by England's perfidious action, and what will become of the open door on the Asiatic shore of the Pacific? "There is great danger that under these circum stances the United States might also be embroiled into the world-wide conflict, and if so she has Eng land to thank for it. We maintain that this is in tended by England, as she considers the United States and Germany her most formidable rivals. "The Caroline islands are German. The Samoan Islands are owned by Germany and the United states. If Japan should take any of these islands from Germany, she would have coaling stations between the United States and the Philippines. Amer ica could not stand for tlv'.t." Bv GEORGE FITCH Author of "At Good Old Siwash" Wheat is the oak from which the staff of life is cut. If we did not have wheat we would have to make bread from corn, oats, rye, barley, sawdust or bran, and blonde bread would be unknown. In the spring all the farmer has to do is to sit on the fence and watch for rain clouds Wheat is a tall, thin plant which grows a beard at an early age and produces a head full of small, brown kernels worth $1.00 a bushel whenever times are prosperous and crops are reasonably short. This year the United States will produce 900. 000,000 bushels of wheat worth t750.000.000. This sounds like a good deal of money until we reflect that the American automobile bill for this year will be about $500,000,000. Many a farmer who has raised more wheat this year than ever before is going to be able thereby to pay for his last year's automobile and order a new one. Most of our wheat is planted in the fall. Then the farmer spends the winter praying for snow, rain, cold, warmth, thaws and freezes in the proper pro portion. In the spring the wheat comes up without help and all the farmer has to do is to sit on the fence and watch for rain clouds. Raising wheat requires less labor than almost any other department of farming, but it takes a Wheat By GEORGE FITCH V-- u' distribution; and the maintenance of soil fertility, mean future prosperity for the farmer. The want of these, or of any of them, means the reverse of prosperity, and any one of them is quite as essential as any other one. Can we help you? The Phoenix National Bank Idle Money Deposited in our Savings Depart ment will pay you. 4 Interest THE VALLEY BANK If You Buy Real Estate and Want Abstract of Title WE built business, constantly and successfully giving com plete abstracts, with a force of men experienced in detail. YOU can get just what you want from us. If in doubt, consult with us. Phoenix Title and Trust Co. 18 North First Avenue. strong constitution to do the proper amount of worrying. Wheat is greatly beloved by all Caucasian na tions because of the fine white flour which it pro duces. It is also highly esteemed by the chinch bug, the Hessian fly, the army worm, the grass hopper, the seventeen year locust and other hungry bugs. When a few billion chinch bugs get Into a wheat field for a few hours they make it look like the democratic administration alter the office seek ers have done their worst. THE WOMEN SPEAK Over the farm land plowed and sown Our men go tramping off to war. Who will reap when the grain is grown? Why, we. We've reaped before. Reaped? Why, yes, see our hands are worn. Our backs are bent, our faces dull. Our men, you see, are bound 'ere born To keep the armies full. So. water the stock and till the land; Feed the children our men begot; Wait for the time expired band That is the women's lot. But now the dread we always know Has sickened all the land with fear. The young, the strong, the old must go. Ruin and Death draw near. Our lands are stripped of all our men; The war kings call the conscripts out. What for? God knows; not we. But, then. Who are we, to doubt? , . . r ! Illood will stain all our rivers brown. The red flame leap across the land. The red flame leap across the land. Pillage will waste our thin crops down All at the king's command. Our driven men, with a last caress Go tramping off to war. For what? Their children will be fatherless That is the peasant's lot. Gerald T. Breitigam. BRIBE GIVERS AND TAKERS When justice is tempered with mercy, unfortu nates like Siegel will not be made to suffer alone for the crimes of the selfish rich. And when she is truly blind she will see no difference between the giver and taker of bribes. Altamont (Mo.) LIva Wire. Agricultural Success Only by taking advantage of every opportunity is agricultural success possible. Maximum crop yields; animals that will return the most weight for the feed consumed; the elimination of all waste in