Arizona republican. [volume], July 26, 1919, Image 1

About Arizona republican. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1890-1930

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ARIZONA' REPUBLICAN
AN INDEPENDENT PROGRESSIVE JOURNAL
. THIRTIETH YEAR
14 PAGES
PHOENEV ARIZONA, SATURDAY MORNING, JULY, 26, 1919
14 PAGES
VOL: XXX., NO. 90.
THE
PLEA OF CHINA
ISGBSEITE
Spencer Produces Copy of
China's Prayer to Peace
Congress on Shantung
Settlement Asking Treaty
of 1915, Forced by Japan,
Be Abrogated
Republican A. P. Leased Wire
WASHINGTON, July 25. Senator
I Spencer, republican, of Missouri, laid
' before the senate today what he said
' was an official copy of China's plea at
Versailles against the Shantu.ng set
tlement. The petition declares Japan's prom
ise to return Kiao Chau at some future
' date is "illusory," in that it gives no
; pledRe to return also the surrounding
territory dominating Klao Chau. It is
recited that the treaties resulting in
Jafians claims to Kiao Chau. which
followed the famous twenty-one de
mands of 1915, wer made under "in
limidation," and that Japan's real aim
in entering the war against Germany
as to strengthen her own position in
the far east.
China's appeal for abrogation of the
1313 treaties was summarized as fol
lows: '
"First Because these treaties at
tempt to deal with matters whose
proper determination is entirely a right
of the peace conference.
"Second Because they contravene
the allied formula of Justice and prin
ciples now serving1 as the guiding rules
c.f the peace conference.
"Third Because specifically they
violate the territorial integrity andi
political independence of China as
guaranteed in the series of conventions
; and agreements concluded by Great
Britain, France, Russia and' the United
States witli Japan.
Had to Sign Treaty
"Fourth Because they were nego
tiated in circumstances of intimidation
and concluded under the duress of the
Japanese ultimatum of May 7, 1915.
"Fifth Because they are lacking in
finality, being so regarded by Japan,
who sought to make them final by ne
gotiating before China was suffered to
enter the war a set of secret agree
ments at variance with the principles
accepted by the belligerents as the
basis of the peace settlement."
The petition declared that except
for the attitude of Japan, China would
have joined the allies in August, 1914,
r at the latest by November, 1915, in
stead of remaining out until February,
1517. It also declares that if Japanese
interference had not kept China, out
of the war until after Kiao Chau had
Yeen ca-ptured, "the leased territory of
Kiao Chau would have been directly
restored to China as one of the states
associated to win the war against the
central powers."
The Chinese delegates also charged
the Japanese had arranged a secret
treaty with Russia for a military alli
ance against the domination of China
by any third power, but failing to
provide for such domination by either
Japan.-Russia, or both of them.
o
T
1MUFFI
WILL BE SETTLED
Republican A. P. Leased Wire
WASHINGTON, July 25. Diplo
matic discussions with Japan over the
Shantung provision in the peace treaty
have reached a stage where President
Wilson is represented as very hopeful
of developments within a few days
that will clear the air and remove
much of the opposition in the senate.
This interpretation was expressed b
Senator Spencer, republican, Missouri,
rfter a long talk with Mr. Wilson to
day about the treaty. The senator de
clined to go into details, and both the
White House and the state department
were silent .on the subject. There
were indications, however, that the
.conversations with Japan, though quite
informal In character, had as their ob
ject such a declaration from Tokio as
would satisfy China and result in her
acceptance of the treaty.
Senator Spencer also discussed at
length with the president the subject
of reservations, taking with him to
the White House a draft of the five
reservations drawn up and submitted
lo the president at the suggestion of
Senator Lodge of the foreign relations-
committee. The draft also Is said to
have been presented to other republi
cans of varying shades of opinion, but
Mr. Spencer made it clear in present
ing the reservations that he alone
stood sponsor for their"phraseo!ogy.
Must Have Reservations
The reservations included the Mon
roe dietrine, withdrawal .from Shan
tung, national determination of do
mestic issues and independence of ac
tion under article 10. Mr. Spencer told
the president that without some such
qualifications the treaty never could
lie ratified, while If they were included
ratification would come quickly. He
caJd Mr. Wilson promised to give the
proposed reservations his earnest con
sideration and conveyed the impression
that he personally was not opposed to
such a course except for the compli
cations that might result should the
treaty be returned for re-negotlatlon.
'Notice also was taken at the White
House during the day of senate dis
cussion of the defensive treaty with
France, which Senator Lodge and oth
ers have charged the president is
withholding from the senate in direct
violation of the treaty's own terms.
Without making any explanation,
White House officials made it clear
that Mr. Wilson has no intention of
submitting the France - American
agreement for senate ratification until
consideration of the treaty with Ger
many is well under way. "
The president plans, it was slated,
to present the French treaty after his
tour of the country, which will not
. (Continued oh Page Three)
Beer Is Beer
And Can't Be
Sold, Ruling
CHICAGO, July 25. Beer" is
beer, and -need not be intoxicat
ing, and o long as it contains
as much as one-hff of one per
cent of alcohol, its manufacture or
sale is in violation of the war-time
prohibition act, Federal Judge
Page held today. He overruled the
demurrer of the Stenson Brewing
company.
The government's victory was
regarded as important by the dis
trict attorney's office in that un
der Judge Page's finding the bur
den of proving a leverage intoxi
cating and, in fact, removing the
question as to its intoxicating
quality, is lifted from the govern- '
ment. '
o
BISHOP CALLED
INT1H
Republican A. P. Leased Wire
MOUNT CLEMENS, Mich., July 25
An expert on theology was placed on
the stand today m the Henry Ford
Chicago Tribune libel suit as a coun
terbalance to Professor Reeves of the
University of Michigan, who a few
weeks ago testified for the Tribune as
an expert on political science.
Today's witness was Bishop Charles
D. Williams of Detroit, head of the
Eastern Michigan diocese of the pro
testant Episcopal church, and he start
led his hearers by stating that Jesus
Christ was a great user of half truths
for rhetorical effect.
Judge Tucker said today he expected
the hearing would be finished and a
verdict returned the latter part of the
first wee kin August.
The appearance of Bishop Williams
in behalf of the plaintiff was to show
that while Professor Reeves had found
that many of Mr. Ford's utterances
agreed in sentiment with the writings
of well recognized anarehits, these
views were not peculiar to anarchism.
In a statement attributed to Mr.
Ford that he would abolish the Ameri
can army and navy (which Mr. Ford
as a witness greatly qualified)fi was
read to Bishop Williams and Be was
asked if it was anarchistic.
"Pretty strong language, but I have
heard the same from others," said the
witness.
Mr. Lucking was allowed to adduce
what the witness meant by "strong
language."
"1 think it is rhetorical language,
such as orators use. When you state
a half-truth you state it strongly in
order to get it over."
"Our Lord was the greatest example
of stating half-truths with tremendous
strength." the witness continued.
"It comes to my mind where our
Lord said once: 'He that hateht not
his father and his mother and his
brother and his sister, and his kinsmen,
he cannot be my disciple' that would
show htat He taught hatred, -whereas
He was the greatest promoter of filial
love. But He was making a rhe orical
statement to show that natural affec
tions must not stand between a man
and his loyalty to truth anl righteous
ness." Attorney Elliott G. Stevanson, senior
counsel for the Tribune, could not pre
vail upon the bishop to admit that
anarchy reigned in Mexico, although
the lawyer related many incidents of
serious disorders in that country.
Witness contended that although
propaganda for which Mr. Ford was
responsible may have indirectly pro
moted a state of disorder in parts of
Mexico, the manufacturer could not
therefore be stigmatized as an anar
chist unless it was his deliberate ob
ject to promote anarchy.
IIS POLICY I!
L
Republican A. P. Leased Wire
TOKIO, July 8. The charge that the
government failed to adopt a proper
system of administration when the an
nexation of Korea was carried out and
that the military rule over the penin
sula has been marked by unnecessary
harshness, was made yesterday by Vis
count Kato, former foreign minister
and now president of the Kenseikai, or
opposition party.
Viscount Kato was addressing the
members of his party. He added that
news about Korea prohibited in Japan
was published in foreign newspapers
and ihe result is that what is not
known to Japan about Korea is known
to the people abroad.
Referring to the Shantung question,
he maintained that Japan's ' prestige
has been greatly lowered in the eyes
of the world on account of the slipshod
manner in which it was handled by the
government. He declared that China
should be taught that the establish
ment of an exclusive settlement and
the ranning of railways by Japan in
Shantung does not by any means con
stitute a violation of China's sover
eignty.
He added:
"In this connection it has been re
ported that the Anglo-American asso
ciation at Peking has passed a resolu
tion to the- effect that the Shantung
question is destined to disturb the
peace, not only between Japan and
China, but also that of the entire world
This Is a most bold resolution to be
pass-d by a foreign association and it
would be interesting to . know what
steps have been taken by the govern
ment in the matter. Great Britain has
been allied to Japan during the last
20 years, and if Japan has given of
fense to the British to such an extent
as to force them to pass such a resolu
tion, strict inquiry must be made into
the cause of the offense."
o
CARTER WINS DECISION
EL PASO, July 25. Tommy Carter,
lightweight champion of the southern
department, U. S. A., tonight w-on the
decision over Otto Wallace of Milwau
kee in a 15-round bout staged at Fort
Bliss. The fight was fast all the way
and the decision a close one.
n
mm
TELL Of 1.1. 1
fflUIGH
Witness in -!nLCase
LI CONTROL
Tells of AuyjJ8'i siVA,
ization Sought to Get ove
Warren Miners,
Republican A. P. Leased Wire
DOUGLAS, July 25. Attemps of
the I. W. W. to gain control of the,
miners of the Warren district two
years ago were told of from the wit
ness stand in the local court today
during the preliminary hearing of Bas
sett Watkins, miner and city council
man of Bisbee, charged with kidnap
ping as the result or nis alleged par
ticipation in the deportation of 1.100
alleged I. W. W. and their sympathiz
ers, from Bisbee. which followed the
strike in July, 1917.
Tony Rodriguez, one of the witnesses
called against Watkins oy the prosecu
tion, testified that he had joined the
I. W. Wr. during the strike called by the
Industrial Workers of the World be
cause he had been assured that it was
going to be the one big organization
throughout the country "that would
better the conditions of the working
man." He said that during the strike
he had read much I. W. W. literature
which, he said, was distributed free
among the strikers in the Warren dis
trict.
Several men deported from Bisbee
were called by the state as witnesses
during, the hearing of Watkins. All
testified to having seen the defendant
among the armed citizens who con
ducted the deportation, but, as in
previous cases, none testified that he
had been arrested or in any way spok
en to or molested by the defendant.
Completion of the hearing of Phil
Tovrea, son of E. A. Tovrea, a promi
nent cattleman of Arizona, was post
poned this afternoon until Tuesday
when only one of the state's witnesses
appeared. This one, Steve Swedich, a
former Bisbee bartender, said that he
had seen Tovrea walking with a crowd
of other men beside the deportees on
the day of the round-up. He testified
that he did not know whether or not
Tovrea was carrying a gun. The coun
ty attorney announced that if no fur
ther evidence were introduced, he
would ask that this case be -dismissed.
The hearing of Bert Polley, con?
stable at Bisbee at the time of the
deportations, was also postponed until
Tuesday.
by
ks is disked
PARIS, July 25. (By the Associated
Press) The government was interpel
lated in the chamber of deputy this
afternoon on the treatment that
F'rench colored soldiers are alleged to
have received from the American mili
tary police in French ports. The ques
tions were asked by M. Boisneuf and
M. Lagrosilliere, colored deputies, re
spectively from Guadeloupe and Mar
tinique. '
The debate that ensued ended with
the unanimous adoption of the follow
ing resolution:
' "The chamber, faithful to the im
mortal principles of the rights of man,
condemning all prejudices of religion,
caste or race, solemnly affirms the
absolute equality of all men without
distinction of race or color, and their
right to the benefit and protection of
all the laws of the country. The cham- 1
ber counts upon the government to
apply these laws and see that the nec
essary penalties for their infringement
are inflicted."
Jules Pams, minister of the interior,
replying to the colored deputies, said
that the government had applied pen
alties and asked them not to insist
upon a discussion of "the very regrett
able incidents, Vs France does not tor-
get the services rendered by her col
ored sons." .
The minister of the interior added
that the American government had not
hesitated to express regrets in terms
that did France the greatest honor.
M. Pams asked Deputy Boisneuf for
reasons of "high diplomacy" to Orop
the subject. The depuly said he would
not speak of questions that involved
diplomacy but he protested against
the complicity of the French military
authorities in these incidents. He then
read a confidential circular to French
officers 'attached to the American
army setting forth how American opin
ion did not tolerate familiarity be
tween whites and blacks.'
And it is America that wants a so
ciety of nations," interjected Charles
Bernard, a deputy from the Seine.
"The circular was not signed by
Wilson," shouted Deputy Mayeras,(so
cialist from the Seine) in reply.
MILWAUKEE, July '25. Patrick
Cudahy, president of the Cudahy
Butchers' company, packers of Cudahy,
Wisconsin, died suddenly this after
noon from an apopleptic stroke.
Mr, Cudahy retired from active busi
ness in 1915, making his son, Michael,
the executive head of his packing busi
ness. Later, when his sons, Michael
and John, entered the war, he again
became the chief executive.
Mr. Cudahy was born in Ireland in
1849. . He came to this country when
a lad and at the age of 12 embarked
as an employe of a packing concern.
In 1876 he became a partner of
Plankinton and Armour, and in 1888.
with his brother, John, bought the
Plankinton interest and later estab
lished the Cudahy Packing company.
I
COLORED
TO
CUDAHY
PIONEER
PACKER
FATALLY STRICKEN
VAC ATI
CORRECT LIST OF
POLLING PLACES
FOR BOND VOTERS
FIRST PRECINCT
Adams Street School
SECOND PRECINCT
Central School Building
THIRD PRECINCT
235 North Central Avenue
FOURTH PRECINCT
Monroe School
FIFTH PRECINCT
Northwest Corner, Second Avenue
and Adams Street
- SIXTH PRECINCT
. City Hall
ARMY MAPJ REFUSES
TO PERMIT SERVING
L
DOUGLAS, Ariz., July 55. A .clash
occurred between civil and military
authorities here today when Colo iel
W. O. Johnson, commanded of Camp
Harry J. Jones, refused, acco'dinz to
Deputy Sheriff A. E. Parmer, to allow
him to serve warrants for the arrest of
Colonel Hamilton y Hawkinj, com
mandirg the First cavalry, and Lieut.
Willi?m O. Nelson cT the Ninetoa.-th
Infantry, on the charge of criminal
libel, preferred by W. E. Abraham, a
Douglas attorney. Parmer reported tc
Sheriff McDonald that on roin? to
Camp Jones he had been directed to
the headquarters of Cclonel Johnson,
and had presented the warrants to him,
as is customary. The colonel, he paid,
stated that he would refuse 10 deliver
Colonel Hawkins and Lieutenant Nel-
to the civil authorities "because the
complaint had been issued without
probable cause."
The civil authorities' insisted tonight
that the warrants would be served.
An effort was made to see Brigadier
General W. R. Smedberg, commander
of the Arizona military district, but he
had gone to Fort Huachuca to attend
an athletic meet to be held there Sat
urday and Sunday between -the four
regiments now stationed in this dis
trict, and will not return until Monday.
The complaint sworn to by Abraham
charge criminal libel" in that Colonel
Hawkins and Lieutenant Nelson "did
wilfully, unlawfully and feloniously,
with malicious intent to injure another.
to-wit: W. E. Abraham, and to bring
him into disrepute, contempt and ridi
cule, publish a malicious falsehood and
libel," when they caused to be issued
an order attacking Abraham. The or
der in question is said to have been in
the form of a memorandum and among
ether things is alleged to have speci
fied that Abraham was not to be per
mitted to talk to any prisoner in the
camp, or to be permitted to enter the
prison stockades or any barracks.
; - o
BULGAR OPPRESSION
REDUCED PEOPLE OF
MACEDONIA 100,000
PARIS, July 25.-(French Wireless
Service). Bulgarian oppression to
eastern Macedonia during the period of
occupation of that territory resulted in
the reduction of population by almost
100,000 and the "death of some 32,000
inhabitants in the course of three years
of hunger and ill treatment, according
to the report of ' an inter -allied! com
mission, just submitted.
In addition to the 32.000 who died,
the report states, about 42,000 were
deported to Bulgaria, 10,000 to 12,000
emigrated to Bulgaria to escape
famine, about 12,000 of the deportees
and emigrants died in Bulgaria, and
between 8,000 and 10,000 of the 18.000
Musselmans enrolled in the Turkish
and Bulgarian armies have not re
turned. . ,
o
THREATEN STREET CAR STRIKE
CHICAGO, July 25. Unless street
car officials and union leaders agre
on some sort of a compromise tomor
row a 24-hour strike is threatened by
the men for Sunday.
1
m
THE GREAT AMERICAN HOME
ITS LOSE
FIGHT ON FOOD
SORPLUS HEP
Voted Down as They Op
pose Report Censuring
War Dept. for Delay in
Selling Food Stocks
; Fight Is Hot
WASHINGTON, July 25 Plans of
democratic members of the house war
investigating committee to attempt to
impeach the majority committee re
port censuring the war department for
delaying sale of surplus foodstuffs' and
asking adoption of a policy ot immedi
ate distribution were blocked today
by republican committeemen.
By a strict party vote the demo
crats' request for a re-opening of
hearings on the food stocks was de
nied. The democratic members had
announced they would attempt to dis
prove statements contained in the re
port Simultaneous with their failure
and the direction by the republican
members that a rule be asked for im
mediate house consideration of the
resolution calling for a policy of sale
at once to the consuming public, the
democrats decided to submit a minor
ity report challenging the statements
of the republicans.
Because, of the prospective argu
ments of democrats that a change in
policy of sale would result in the food
stuffs falling into the hands of specu
lators, the republican committeemen
today amended their resolution so as
to request the sales to be made directly
to the consumers by the government.
Vote Down Democrats
Final committee action today fol
lowed a long executive session at
which the democratic members, in
asking the reopening of hearings sub
mitted a list of additional witnesses,
including Secretary Baker and other
war department officials. Voted down,
the democrats decided to Include
statements of suggested witnesses in
their minority report. Conferences
had previously been held by the demo-,
cratic members, headed by Represen
tative Flood, Virginia, with several
war department officials, including
Secretary Baker, who denied it was his
policy "to withhold foodstuffs from the
domestic market and to protect the
interests from which these products
had been purchased." as charged in the
majority report.
. Chairman Graham, after the com
mittee meeting, asserted that such a
policy existed, and that- subsequent
reports on other subjects would be
made by the committee to prove the
policy's application to various com
modities as well as food. He asserted
that "the same private control of the
government continues as was exer
cised by the council of national de
fense in framing war policies.''
Mr. Flood's conference with war de
partment officials today led him to
challenge the majority report in a let
ter which was concurred in by the
other democrats in asking a reopening
of the hearings. The letter asserted
the report's statement that no surplus
of foodstuffs was declared for six
months was erroneous, for there had
been some sales before May. It also
challenged the statement that the food
was permitted to deteriorate before
this time.
HUNGARIAN SOVIET
FORCES LAUNCH AN
ATTACK ON RUMANIA
PARIS, July " 25. A Bucharest dis
patch dated Thursday says the Hun
garians last Sunday started an offen
sive with eight or nine divisions, over
whelmed the Rumanian advance guards
and crossed the Theiss river at several
points, but suffered a severe check in
the northern sector of the fighting
front.
The dispatch adds that Rumanian
reserves on Tuesday counter-attacked
and recaptured Hodmezso-Vasarhely,
but that sharp' fighting continued
when the dispatch was filed.
It is the intention of the Hungarians,
says the dispatch, to destroy Rumania,
which is an obstacle to their plan to
link up with the Russian bolshevlki,
I
Tax Conference
77 A DJT!can military expedition. Mr. Wilson
JOjflUS jL I k?T Jj lei wrote, were two-fo!d, the saving of the
i Czecho-Slovak forces and the steady-
Valuation Hike
(Special to The Republican)
GRAND CANYON, Ariz., July
25. The conference of the state
tax commission with the boards of
supervisors of the state adjourned
at noon today. The commission as
a state board of equalization will
meet on August 4 to consider
recommendations and other mat
ters brought up in the conference.
As a result of the conference there
has been a net increase of valua
tions of more than $25,000,000.
The assessors' association sub
mitted a resolution asking the
commission to call a meeting of the
assessors at Yuma December 10.
Members of boards of supervisors
and clerks organized a state asso
ciation. C. M. Roberts, member of
the board of Cochise county, was
elected chairman and he was au
thorized to choose a secretary.
The object of the' organization
is to co-ordinate matters of ad
ministration among the- counties
and secure a better understanding
among them. The association will
meet annually at the time of the
tax conference. All those in at
tendance were- pleased with the
result of the conference just ended.
THE COUNTRY ID
NEW YORK, July 25. The war de
partment has sold to the United States
Sugar Equalization board 37.000.000f
pounds of sugar, it was announced to
day by George A. Zabriskie, president
of the board, who declared there is such
an "abundance" of raw sugar in the
country that retail prices should not
exceed 11 cents a pound and that there
is no need of hoarding.
Sugar is abundant in the United
States, and if it were not for the
profiteer and nervous housewives en
couraged to "hoard" it. there would be
enough for every legitimate demand
and a thirty days' reserve supply in
addition, declared Mr. Zabriskie.
"The chief factor in this apparent
shortage, which is temporary" he said,
"is the' belated orders of big fruit can
neries and confectionery factories
which failed to anticipate their normal
demamls and held off ordering their
sugar ir. the expectation that prices
would be lower.
"There is, however, at present, no
shortage of raw sugar. The difficulty
now is the capacity of the refineries.
"The situatidn is entirely satisfac
tory so far as the raw material is con
cerned, and I know the refiners are
doing their part for their plants have
been operated night and day and some
on Sundays for months past. In those
parts cf the country where local short
ages exist it is true there is an inclina
tion t profiteer but it is.easy to fix
the blame for that. The refiner can
not soli sugar for more than 9 cents
a pound. The wholesaler is obligated
to a maximum profit of 35 cents, so
that the retailer does not pay more
than ?9.35 a hundred. Everybody,
therefore, should be able to buy sugar
at a maximum of eleven cents a pound
and I know of chain stores selling it
today for less than ten cents."'
o
FOUR MINERS KILLED
A . -
BURKE, Ida, July 25. Four
miners were killed and three ser
iously injured tonight when a cage
in the snatt ot tne rtecia mine or
the Hecla Mining company shot
into the sheaves instead of des
cending the shaft. Reports to the ,
coroner were that the engineer be
came confused over signals.
HOLD MEXICAN EDITORS
EL PASO, July 25. Jose Luis Velas
co and Luis Alvarez, editors of La Re
publica, a Mexican dail" newspaper
published here, were held to the ieaeral
grand jury late today by United States
Commissioner Sam Kelly, charged
with having printed articles in Spanish
in their paper dealing with the inter
national situation without submitting
a translation to the postmaster, as re
quired by the espionage act. Both edi
tors gave bond for their appearance in
federal court in October.
m Bin
LOIR PRICES ON IK
IS. TROOPS BIG
RUSSIAN FACTOR
WILSON ASSERTS
Tells Senate Army ?6f t Is
- Vital Element in Keeping
Open Siberian Rail Line
Country Can Be Pro
tected From Anarchy only
by Railroad Manned by
Yanks
Republican A. P. Leased Wire
WASHINGTON, July 25. President
"ilson informed the senate today in
response to a resolution by Senator
Johnson, republican, California- that
the presence of American troops in
Siberia was a "vital elemont" in the
restoration and maintenance of traffic
on the Siberian railroad and that un
der the agreement with Japan the
could be withdrawn only when the
American railway experts operating the
road were withdraw-n.
The president said Siberia could b"
protected from a further period of
chaos and anarchy only by keeping
the railroad open and that lacking the
prime essentftils of life the peoples
there were looking to the United Stales
and the allies for economic assistance.
This already is being extended anil
additional supplies are to be sent for
ward. Roving bands havins no connectioi
with no organized government in Rus
sia are menacing the railroad, the
president said, and consequently pro
tection by the military is necessary
American troops, he said, now ar
engaged in guard duty at Vladivostok
land around Yen-hue Udlnsk. A smu'l
body also is at Harbin.
The original purposes of the Ameri-
ing of the efforts of the Russians at
self-defense or the establishment of
law and. order in which they might
be willing to accept assistance.
Military to Protect
Major General Graves, commanding
the expedition of ,im men. was spe
cifically directed not lo interfere in
Russian affairs, the president said, but'
to support, whenever necessary, John
F. Travers, the American railway engi
neer, who is carrying out the work of
rehabilitating the Siberian railroad un
der the direction of the inter'allied
committee.
The president's message said that
the decision to send American troops
to Siberia was "taken in conjunctioi,
with Japan and in concert of purposo
with the other allied powers, first
of all to save the Czecho-Slovak arm
ies which were threatened with de
struction by hostile armies apparently
organized by, and often largely com
posed of, prisoners of war." The second
purpose in view was to steady any
efforts of the Russians at self-defense,
or the establishment of law- and order
in which they might be willing to ac
cept assistance.
"The net result was the successful
reunion of the separate Czecho-Slovak
armies." the statement continued, "and
the substantial elimination in eastern
Siberia of the active efforts of the
enemy prisoners of war. A period of
relative quiet then ensued."
Kept Railroad Open
, tn February, 1919, as a conclusion
of negotiations begun earlier in the
summer of 1918. the United States ac
cented a "blan DroDosed bv Janan for
the supervision of the Siberian rail-
roads by an international committee,
j under w'hieh committee John F. Stev
! ens would assume the operation oi
the Russian-Siberian railway corps.
At-the request of the provisiona'
government and with the support of
Mr. Stevens, there was organized so
called Russian railway service corps,
composed of American engineers. As
originally organized this corps consti
tuted 14 skeleton division units.
pwing to the bolshevik uprising and
the general chaotic conditions, neither
Mr. Stevens nor the Russian railway
service corps was able to begin work in
Siberia until March, 1918. They have
been able to operate effectively only
since the railway plan was adopted in
February. 1919.
"In accepting the railway plan. it '
was provided that some protection
should be given by the allied forces,
Mr. Stevens stated frankly that he
would not undertake the ardous task
before him unless he could rely upon
support from American troops in an
emergency. Accordingly, as provided
in the railway plan, and with the aPr
proval of the inter-allied committee,
the military commanders in Siberia
have establishde troops where it if
necessary to maintain order at differ
ent parts of the line. The American
forces under General Graves are un
derstood to be protecting parts of the
line near Vladivostok, and also on the
section around Verchne Udinsk. There
also is understood to be a small body
of American troops at Harbin.
No Interference with Russia
"The instructions to General Graves
direct, him not to interfere in Russian
affairs, but to support Mr. Stevens
wherever necessary. The Siberian rail
road is not only the main artery for
transportation in Siberia, but is the
only open access to European Russia
today. The population of Siberia,
whose resources have been almost ex-'
hausted by the long years of war and
the chaotic conditions which have ex
isted there, can be protected from a
further period of chaos and anarchv
only by the restoration and maintenace
of traffic along the Siberian railway.
Partisan bands under leaders hav
ing no settled connection with any or
ganized government and bands under
leaders Whose allegiance to any settled
authority is apparently temporary and
transitory, are constantly menacing
the operation of the railway, and the
safety of its permanent structures.
"The situation of the people of Si
beria,' meantime, is that they have Jio
shoes or warm clothing; they are
pleading for agricultural machinery
and for many of the simple necessities
on which their own domestic economy
depends and which are necessary to
fruitful prodiictirenes. They have con
tributed thr quota to the Russian
armies which fought the central em
Tires for three and one-half years:
they now look to the allies and the
United States for economic assistance.
Siberia Depends On Railway .
"The population of western Siberia
and the forces of Admiral Kolchak are
entirely dependent on these railways.
"The Russian authorities in thia
(Continued on Page Three)
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