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Conducted from 1881 to HI I, Forty-eight SkxTa Entered at Montgomery Postofflce »■ *5C®"? claae matter under Act of Congress of llarcn *, 187#. Members of Associated Press and American Newspaper Publishers* Association._^ COMPLETE REPORT OF_ THE ASSOCIATED PRESS DAILY and SUNDAY (By Carrier or Mall.) Per Annum ....$7.80 One Month ....I .8* Biz Monthe .... 8.#0 One Week.IS Three Monthe .. l.»S Single Copies .. .08 Sunday Edition alone, per year .88.00 Ail communications should bs addressed and all money orders, checks, etc., made pay able to THE ADVERTISER COMPANY. Mont gomery, Ala. KELLY-: _SMITH CO.—Foreign Representative. Litton Bldg., Chicago; 280 6th Ave.. N. Y., At Advertise* Telephone Me.. Karhaage Connecting All Private Departments. >.18,499 • 18,(34 (....•• m • • . ,31,941 §.18,680 8««,,,,,« m • • 18,(14 IT, m ••■•••18,(69 •.18,(49 a • • m ••••••••18,(74 •.18,(78 1.22,078 18 •••••••••••• 18,8(8 •I, •**m, •*•* • 18,070 }{.,12,718 !■• ••••••••... 18,(94 MARCH. 1917. 1(.19,080 17 .".”....18.(48 It......21,8(6 19 .19,788 20 .18, (4( 81.....18.(88 12.18,898 82.18.906 84!.18,920 IS.22,018 2(.18,900 17.. .18,921 ft! "".18.918 29.19,096 10..19.006 81.. *•••••«••. .19,081 fi K^rfotiurii;_ Not ToUl . 677.429 ... 696.410 ... 17.981 Daily Average, March, 1917 .... 18,246 Sunday Average, March, 1917 .. 21,198 „ J. I* Boeshans. Circulation Manager of Tho Montgomery Advortlaer, bains duly sworn. says: The foregoing atatamant of Tba Adver tiser's circulation for tho Month of March. 1917, Is truo and correct and compiled after returns and spoiled copies have been de ducted. THE! ADVERTISER CO.. J. I* BOESHANS. Circulation Manaser. Sworn to and subscribed before me this Second day of April 1917. .. (SEAL' Wm. F. Lea Notary Public, Montsomery County, Alabama £UHU ROOT TO BUSSIA. The selection by President Wilson of EUhu Root, an eminent Republican opponent of the President, to head the special American Com mission to Russia Is another assurance, hard ly needed, but nonetheless gratifying, that the administration recognises that this war is not a Democratlo War or a Republican War, but one of the united and whole people of the American Republic. The American people would hardly care If they never even heard the word “party," during the course of this war. The American people, and ]n this, the administration Is a fit spokesman for the people, want the best man put Into the jobs of responsibility no mattsr what his policies may be. Repub licans, as well as Democrats, will be recog nised, when places of power are given out not because they are party men, but because they are the very best men that can be found for the work. The new issues before the country are not party issues, although they may in time be come party matters. In establishing a policy of preparedness, the President had aome op-, position from Republicans, but he also had some of his strongest support from Repub Ilcana In his war policy, soma of his most effective and timely support has come from loyal Republicans, who have stood shoulder to shoulder with Democrats, In giving mili tant Americanism force and expression. Ellhu Root Is acknowledged, today to be the ablest member of his party. If the Re publican party had been united, ff It had been living according to lfs o|d ways, Ellhu Root would have been the Republican nomi nee In 1908. He assuredly had a finer mind, a record of more accomplishments and a more Interesting personality than Charles E. Hughes, who was selected. The Republican party has given Root every honor within Its disposal except the nomination for the Presi dency. He has been Senator from his State of New Tork a^d he has been Secretary of State, one of the Ablest men in that office, and one whose work was most fruitful, In the last fifty years. The selection of Ellhu Root as chairman of the Commission to Russia gives tone and character to a dlplomatio expedition of the gravest importance. The position of Russia, just now. Is of serious concern to America and to her allies If Russia can be main* talned as a militant and aggressive member of the Entente Alliance, of which by force of circumstances we have become a member. It may mean the saving of hundreds of thou sands of American lives. The American Commission, if It cements a close alliance be tween the two greatest democracies of the world, one of the oldest Republics In the world and the other the youngest, and If It can receive assurance that Russia Under Its new government, will exhaust every resource to bring the war to a successful conclusion, the Commission will have placed Its country under a deep and lasting obligation. As a result of those famous German mass formations on earth we anticipate that there will also be a panorama of German mass formations at the Concentration Camp of the Hereafter. Another American steamer has been "sunk without warning.” according to a Washing ton dispatch. The President will have to apeak to the Kaiser about this yet. The Atlanta papers are running Caruso's funny looking pictures again. Even Tampa has acquired a Carnegie Library. If the war fcoes on much longer at the present European pace. It will be necessary for the dead to bury their dead, If It Is done at all. Spring fever doesn't kill anything but time, but It’s an awful nuisance. The first check to the Allies, amounting to 1200,000,000, has been drawn. No wonder the American flag Is flying from London and Paris houses. We suppose a bumper crop of artichokes will be grown this year. ▲ BATTLE OF "HOW OB NEVER.” It would mm that the German General SUIT, driven to desperation by tho continued advance of the French and the British, has flung its armies Into the fighting, inspired by the spirit, "Now or never." It would seem that Germany is straining every nerve to stop the onslaughts and to force a decision now. What la going on tn Germany behind the lines of the fighting men, the outer world does not know, but the news that filters through Is of an ominous character. The world learns of a revolt here, a riot there, of a collapse of the Ger man governmental authority and of almost pathetic appeals by Hlndenburg to the Ger .man people "to stick It out.” The desperate efforts by the Germans to keep from being thrown back farther are, beyond doubt, connected with the Internal troubles In Germany. The nerves of many people in Germany, we are told, even by their military critics, "are strained to the breaking point." The news that the Ger mans had been beaten and had retreated before the French and the British, might be the torch to fire the explosion. In this way, perhaps, we can explain the bloody efforts of the Germans to halt the advance, no mat ter what the cost and to attack and counter attack, in massed formation, no matter what the loss might be. The war cannot go on long at this hor rible rate. The two armies are not in trenches now, with a Rattle now and then by men who are protected by ehelter. It is being fought in open attacks—in massed at tacks on the part of the Germans. Perhaps the reader does not fully understand what this means. It means that the Germans in close formation, shoulder to shoulder, thou sands of them packed in one great mass, charge forward In the face of high powered artillery. In the face of Innumerable ma chine guns and In the face of British sol diers armed with magaslna rifles. It Is the most terrible form of modern war—and it is a form to which no army resorts except In —--— « The little villas* of Mounchy and Gavrelle, where the German*, by mailed attack*, sought to regain what they had loit to the British, has been called the “bloodiest spots of the entire'war.” To regain the little vil lage of Gavrelle, the Germans have made eight separate attacks since Monday, all of which were accompanied by terrible losses and all of which were unsuccessful. The Associated Press correspondents re flect the surprise and horror of the British officers at “the almost Incredible tactics of . the Germans,” In sending forth troop* In massed formation, In which the British artil lery had the best chance for open target shooting that It. has had for the past two year*. Her* Is a brief word picture Of this amas lng fighting for the little French village of Gavrelle, east of Arras, and on the road to Cambral—fighting that took place In these days of April, no later than last Tuesday: Several thousand gray clad Germans were advancing In one of these attacks last Tuesday when the British curtain of fire shut down In front of them. Still other guns fired straight through the curtain on the advancing men. Not a man passed beyond that curtain, and when Its obscuring smoke lifted there was not a moving German in sight. Nothing was to be seen but ploughed ground littered with sprawling dead. We are not to withhold respect and ad miration for the bravery of German soldiers, who ars dying by the thousands In these counter attacks; we can only regret that such splendid courage was not displayed In a better cause. But why does the German General Staff send them to their death In such a manner? Surely a mile or two of French territory Is not worth such a price. The German General 8taff, we are forced to the conclusion, has determined that cost what It may, the advance of the French and the British must be halted. That advance must be halted If the flower of the German army Is sfcrlflced. If need be. the decisive battle of the new phase of the war must be fought now. If Germany Is to be beaten, then let the defeat come quickly and let It come on this new line, where the German sol dier has been told to die or to hold the allies. If the Germans do not hold, and they are not yet defeated, and if their terrible sacri fices should be made In vain, the German oc cupancy of France will be at an end and hurried and perhaps disorderly retreat to the German frontier will be witnessed by the world. RAPID PREPARATIONS. It Is a pity that the public safety does not permit news of the rapid and widespread preparations of this government for the war to be disseminated and published In Amer ican newspapers. The whole-hearted, aggressive and rapid way In which the administration Is prepar ing for America to play Its part would In spire and stimulate the people of the coun try did they know It all. We are not per mitted to know what the navy did, nor how rapidly It did It, nor are we allowed to know what the army has been doing. But every now and then an isolated Incident Is per mitted to get In the news and we realize that the administration Is working rapidly and surely. A case In point Is the making of the loan to the British government. The day after the President signed the new bill for the big war credit. Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo handed to the representatives of the British government 1200,000,000. There was no delay, no waltlnfl, no halt over de tails. The Immense loan, the part that was going to the British government, was put In the hands of its representatives within a few hours after the passage of the bill. MISSOURI CITIZENS. Mr. Speaker, allow us to suggest that the people of Missouri are forced by the State to pay taxes to support the State government and for that purpose only. Why doesn't the Speaker advocate a volunteer system for property holding tax payers? The payment of poll tax is optional, not compulsory, because voting Is a privilege and not an inherent right. The State and Nation must have tax money. Knowing human nature, they compel tax payers to yield up a part of their substance for the rapport and protection of society, through tho governments. Why ohould not tho government eompol Its eltlsens, on n fairly uniform and equitable bail*, to fight society's snsmlss and proteot the country from armed foes? The Florida IlmSe-Unlon, which for three .years has opposed preparedness measures at every turn, Is now opposing the selective draft system, urging that we rely upon the volunteer system. In Its argument It oplnts out that at Saratoga In the Revolution our hillside and valley voluneers fought and de feated the Britlah regulars In a series of bat tles, and also at Kings Mountain the volun teers earned further glory. Further In the same editorial The Tlmes-Unlon remarks: “Kitchener refused to send his untrained volunteers when It seemed an enemy would annihilate the expeditionary force—he re sisted ever^ demand that they go unprepared and It la now admitted that he was right." We wonder why Kitchener would not send raw recruits against the highly trained Oer man armies, when Kitchener knew as well as he knew his name all about the valor of American volunteers against British regulars at Saratoga and Kings Mountain? The editor of The Richmond Evening Jour nal wrote an editorial a city official did not like. The official came to the office to lick the editor, but was kicked and hustled out by the editor. On reaching the street the of ficial announced his Intention of killing the editor, whereupon the editor makes this com ment In his paper: "This Is not the open season for editors. It Is Germans that the country has listed and the editor of The Evening* Journal Is surprised to find so astute a public official as the commissioner falling into such error." We suggest that all persona contemplating taking the lives of Somebody should promptly enlist and shoot tho Germans, as the Germans don't seam to mind It so much. John D. Rockefeller. Jr., says he has the best father in the world. Presumably the elder Rockefeller contemplates writing a will soon. Lord Northcllffe says the dinner pall is the ruler of the war, and this reminds The Manchester Union that the dinner pall has ruled American voters on various and sundry occasions. There la something In this from The Toledo Blade: "By the time a man has been vindi cated nobody remembers what the argument was aboftt.” "The social reformer stands today In the limelight. The social reformer Is a heavenly benefit and at the same time a menace to society.”—-Memphis Commercial Appeal. And something of a nuisance as well, at times. Uncle Sam has the privilege of hanging his hat In sacred places In Europe. First his flag waved from the Westminster tower and than from Eiffel tower. The Anglo-French Commission will take back home with them vivid rscollsotlons of their experiences with costly taxicabs. Even Boston Is patriotic. Lota of psopls have volunteered to shoulder the burdens of ths world. The Diversified _Farmer_| Yon Hut Rent This. Yeatorday we received a telegram from our good friend, Jesse B. Hearln, orator, statesman, writer, sage and postmaster at Demopolis. We certainly appreciate this let ter from Mr. Hearin, one of the most for ward-looking men in the State, but that is not the point now. The big thing Is that this letter shows lust how the Demopolis section has handled and is handling the food situation and the splendid results that this period 1s already bringing. Read all of this letter yourself and show it to your neigh bor. Ths letter follows: I want to congratulate you on your last Issue of the Farm Section and especially the “Roll Call of States," which was splendid. I hope It will be read by many of our peo ple. Your good work Is certainly beginning to tell and lust now you are truly on the firing line when you encourage our people to feed themselves. It may be Interesting to you to know just what we have done in this section since the “flood” last July. In short, besides provid ing much work and persuading various In dividuals to clear land and put on double crews, we have, through our Commercial Club, with the aid of many agenclea dis tributed in work, labor and rations, the equivalent of $49,000. In addition to this we have distributed 300 bushels of planting oats, 300- bushels of seed corn, 350 bushels of seed velvet beans and 19,000 packages of vege table and field seed, Including peas, soy beans, rape, turnips, collards, kale, and other vegetables that produce a large tonnage and quick crops. In addition to this many of our progressive merchants have individually distributed seed and done well their part to insure an abundant feed crop for .this year. Our work and distribution of seed, etc., has been systematic. We made a careful card index of the surrounding country. First we took the names of the land owners and merchants, then we listed the name of the head of every family, taking the names and ages of all children and the number of cattle, horses, hogs, chickens, etc., owned by every tenant. We then ascertained who was able to provide for himself and who would need help. Wherever possible we saw to it that the landlord provided for his tenants and the advancing merchant did his pari. Many of oui merchants co-operated with us and bore fi*iy their burden and one. our largest merchants, Mayer Brothers, did more than their part. This spring this firm has furnished velvet beans to every customer and those who were unable to buy were fur nished the seed without coat. The result of these activities is seen In the now large, splendid gardens and the good feeling of our negroes. The Demopolis sec tion has probably lost less labor than any section of the State, but it was because we did our simple duty—helped those who had their crops destroyed. This fall the Demopolis section will find it hard to secure buildings to hold our alfalfa and Johnson hay, corn, velvet beans, peanuts and potatoes. By the way, our new creamery Is doing even more than we expected, and only last week W. L. Reynolds, of the Cottonwood Plantation, brought in the best herd of Jer seys that have ever been In Alabama, and Dr. S. E. Sparling la shipping In probably the largest and beat—about SO to _as>ler» dld Holsteins. The creamery will soon have to be enlarged ■ws* UK *Get The Hook! ' J By way of Interest, we have Just completed a modern mixed feed plant and wrlll be pre pared to buy all corn, velvet*beans, hay, etc., that is offered. Recently I have pfcrsonally made some ex periments that have been Interesting and I am sure I have solved the problem of "greens" without meat or lard. 1 have beeo using raw peanuts with boiled salads. 1 find turnip salad, rape, kale or mustard Is quite as nice when cooked with raw peanuts as when meat or lard Is used. Twelve ounces of shelled Spanish peanuts put in the pot with enough salad for a family of six will make a delightful dish. Quite enough oil Is furnished for “seasoning” and the boiled peanuts make a most pleaeant mixture with the salad. It Is not necessary to mention the splendid value of such food. The process Is very simple. Either slight ly roll the peanuts or, better, run them lightly through a meat grinder, put In the pot with the salad and let all cook together. Try this and I am sure you will enjoy It as much as we are enjoying It—and Just think what It means to find a substitute for meat with a pot of “greens.” I don’t care what anyone tells you—try It and you will be con vinced. If every negro will plant enough peanuts to cook his "greens” then we will be on easy street. Another Idea we are developing In De mopolls Is to have every one who has surplus supply of vegetables notify those who have canning outfits. The surplus can be canned Just like corn Is carried to the mill-toll, be ing taken for cost of cans, labor, etc., and tho man who owns the canning outfit and the person who produces the vegetables will profit. In this way every person can have vege tables for next winter as well as this sum mer. We hope to so thoroughly organize our town and community that every family will have a pantry filled with canned vegetables for next winter. If this Is done throughout the entire South, I don't believe anything can stop us. I write you because I believe you are in terested in us and because I am Interested In your work and interested in seeing Ala bama more than feed herself. , I know Alabama can be the greatest State In the Union, Virginia not excepted, and I am glad you are doing so well your part to help us do what we should have begun long a*k. | Letters to Editor I THE NEGRO EXODUS. Editor The Advertiser: The basic cause of the negro exodus now In progress throughout the country Is low wages, whatever may be said of lynch law and the political and civil disabilities of the negro as contributing causes. The negro farm hand gets for his compen sation hardly more than the mule he plows: that Is his board and shelter. Some mules fare better than negroes. This, too, In spite of the fact that the money received for farm products has advanced more than* 100 per cent. The laborer has not shared correspond ingly In this advance. High rents and low wages have driven the negro off the farms. They have no encour agement to work. Only here and there you will find a tenant who is getting a square deal and the proper encouragement. Our Legislatures have enacted laws against the operations of emigration agents who come Into our communities to entice negro labor to other sections of the country. A better law than this would be one that would make It worth while for the negro to work. There are thousands of Idle acres In the Southern States, waiting for cultivation, but the people cannot get to them on account of the high rents which, virtually put the laborer Into Industrial slavery. Texas and South Carolina have laws giving the laborer two thirds of the crops. Such laws would give stability to our farm conditions. Working for one-half and furnishing everything is working without hope. It Is easily seen then that land monopoly Is the direct cause of poverty and discontent. In a country like ours there should be no cause for poverty, as we have the finest lands and climate. But If the people cannot get to the land without giving up the major part of the fruits of their toll, there Is atways unrest and sometimes revolution such as we have In Mexico. Nature Is very bountiful and produces more than enough to fill every mouth and clothe every back. Why should almost all of this go to the few, while the many go hungry and naked? It Is not charity, but opportunity that men need most. The Southern States should legis late our waste Idle lands Into use. The laborer Is worthy of his hire; make it profit- ( ...» able for men to work on the farms. The earth which is the mother of tie all, should not be available only to the few. land like air and water and sunshine should be access ible to all. When we make it worth while for men to work our laborers will not go to other parts of the country. This is no time to cramp labor by low wages, when the President of our beloved country is calling to men1 to fight the war to a finish by remain ing in the furrows to feed a starving world. Our status should not be governed in the interest of the few, but of the many. What we long for is a government of real democ racy, of the people, for the people, and by the people. Let the people get the land at living wages and there will be no emigra tion. Land monopoly is the real cause of so much unrest and poverty. It is Well that there is no air monopoly, or rain monopoly, or sunshine monopoly. However, we Have those among us who would buy these up, in that ease the majority of us poor devils would hardly be allowed to breathe or take a drink of water. J. Q. JOHNSON, Pastor, St. Paul A. M. E. Church. Columbia, Tenn. Napoleon’s Prediction I v J From The Washington Post. “All Europe may be all cossack or all re publican.’ This significant remark was made by Napeoleon at St. Helena on April 16, 1816, and present day events seem to shape them selves In keeping with this prophecy to a certain degree. “Circumstances extraordinary have long kept me near the most remarkable man that ever lived," says Count de las Casas In the preface to his “Memorial de St. Helene." "Admiration made me follow without know ing him,” continues the enthusiastic count, “love alone would have fixed me forever with him. “1 collected at.d recorded day by day,” says he, “all that I saw of Napolean during a period of ilghteen months • • • Henceforth the world tay freely ttudy him.1' “But, sire, may 1 presume to ask." related Las Casas, “If Moscow had not been burned, did not your majesty Intend to establish yourself there?” “Certainly," replied Napoleon, "and I then should have held up the singular spectacle of an army wintering In the midst of a hostile nation which was pressing upon It at all points. In France you would have been with out intelligence from me for months. Cam braceres would have conducted affairs In my name. “At the first approach of fine weather 1 should have marched against the enemy. I should have been master of the empire • • • "I defeated armies," saidAhe Emperor, sad ly, “but I could not conquer the flames, the frost, stupefaction and deaths. I was forced to yield to fate. And after all how unfor tunate for France, and, Indeed, for all Eu rope. “Peace concluded at Moscow," said he, “would have fulfilled and ended my hostile expeditions • • • A new horizon, new under takings would have unfolded themselves for the well being and prosperity of all. The foundation of the European system would have been laid, and my only remaining task would have been the organization. “I should have had my Congress, my treaty alliance. In that assembly of all the sover eigns we should have discussed our In terests in a family way and have settled our accounts with the people as a clerk does with his master. “Thus Europe would soon have formed in reality but one and the same people, and those who traveled would everywhere find themselves in one common country • • • Paris would have been the capital of the world and France the envy of nations. In my leisure I should have visited every cor ner of the empire, receiving complaints, founding monuments and doing good every where and by every means. “These also, my dear Las Casas, were among my reveries." “Napoleon then arraigned himself before all the nations," says Las Casas in another place. “The French and the Italians lament my absence," said the Emperor. "I have the gratitude of the Poles and even the bitter regrets' of the Spaniards. Europe will soon deplore the loss of the ‘equilibrium,’ to the maintenance of which my French em pire‘was necessary. The continent is now In the most perilous situation, being continual ly exposed to being overrun by cossacks and Tartars: for In the present state of .things before 100 years all Europe may be all cos sack or all republican.’ » NOODLES, Trenton (N. J.) Bute Gazette. When it was published the other day tfc*t the federal bureau of chemistry and.'the department of agriculture were seriously pondering tho subject of noodles, giving a series of hearings to it, listening to the testimony of many experts on noodles, it *uv* the funny men of the newspapefp a fine chance, says the Paterson Call. On* of them wrote this headline: “Noodles In Their Noodles," and another had It: "Worrying Their Noodles Over Noodles." ■ But the investigation is a very serious one, and important to a great many per sons. According to the government report, w* **• in this country last year nearly *00. 000.000 pounds of noodles and similar prod ucts, such as macaroni and spaghetti, and the government is trying to* force the mak ers of noodles to have their products pure <arid Mrhblesbijw, Tbof« (S Mobile tj-tfstAoo,* ind the government ie seeking, in tbijfln vestlgatlon, to And out all about it so as to break it up. It was developed in the hear ing that good noodles and macaroni are made only of the glutinous part of wheat, which naturally gives the product a rich amber color. But many manufacturers use inferior whole wheat and artlilcally color it. Good noodles should have tfvo eggs to the pound, but some makers put In no eggs at all. It ie the so-called “noodle trust** that is urgng the government to flx a high stand ard of quality and force the noodle adultera tors out of business. This country is export ing large quantities of noodles and macaroni to Italy and Mexico now, because of the War, and the big manufacturers in this country contend that now is the time for us to rap ture the noodle trade of the world, which can be done if our government will enforce a high standard of quality. -V ‘ ARB YOU A BORET ' Iri»h World (New York). Do you monopolize the conversation wher ever you go with a breathless account of your own affairs? Do you live over some trip you have taken with a friend until those around you want to visit the regions you discuss? t Do you tell pointless Jokes? (. Do you talk round and round a subject before you Anally get up to the point you want to emphasize? Do you interrupt another’s conversation with "That reminds me—” on "By the way—” Do you insist on pointing out every |place of Interest, which Is Interesting to you,- but not to a stranger? Do you talk about mutual acquaintances and then ask your hearers opinion upon them. Do you chatter on for the sake of Ailing up a silence? , j; Do you take delight in explalnng the why, wherefore and when of somethng in which your companion may take slight interest? Do you All up conversation with stories of people whom your audience dbes not know, never will know, nor has any desire to know? Do you Jump at every opportunity to trace a person’s family connections and ancestry to the fourth generation? Do you read the letters at the movies for the beneAt of the entire theatre? Do you annoy a concert by beating time to the muse or humming with the singer? Do you talk shop out of shop hours? Do you laugh. at your own jokes befors anyone else has a chance to do so? , ' Do you tell the point of another's story before -he has a chance to emphasize It? Do you say, "Oh, yes. I've heard that be fore." and take away the pleasure of an other’s story? AMERICA IN LINE, Hail Brltanla! Vive la France! America unsheathes her lance! America Is In the fight For human freedom: human right. , Hall Brltanla! Vive la France! v Hail Britania! Vive la France! America unsheathes her lance! For home defense, for honor true. She proudly takes her stand with you. Hail Brltanla! j Vive la France! t j Hall Britania! Vive la France! -j America unsheathes her lance! With God and right, we must prevail! With God and right, we cannot fall! Hall Britania! Vive la France! —MARTHA 8. GIEL.OW. ,y. & ,^’apr Yard, Pufet Sound, April 10, 1011