WW
"CHARACTER IS A3 IMPORTANT TO STATES AS ,T IS TO INDIVIDUALS; AND THE GLORY OF THE STATE IS THE COMMON PROPERTY OF ITS CITIZENS.'
II. x,. HOLMES, Editor and Proprietor.
FAYETTEVILLE, SATURDAY, MAY 25, 1839.
TERMS.
2 50 per annum, if paid in advance; S3 if paid at
me ena oi six momns ; or ?j r--
of the year. Advertisements inserted at the rate
of sixty cents per square, for the first, and thirty
1 cents ior eacn suoseijun ........ ......
rrp-Letters on business connected with this estab-
S-T . . -rMi-oceprt fT I Holmes. Edi
lisamenc, diu v. ,' j 11 ' :
for of the JNortn-aroiinian, auu m i" "-"
paid.
(
f
SPRING GOODS.
WME have received and are now opening
our Spring supply, which comprises a large
and extensive assortment ot
Dry Goods, Hardware and Cutle-
.y - r..
ijr, xjuuib anil OUOC&, l-itmjl r auu x "i-uu u-ni-
nets. Fur, Wool and Palm Leaf Hats, "Writing and
Wrapping Paper, Cotton and Wool Cards, D.-ugs
and Medicines, faints, &.C.
Also, Groceries, &c
60 bags Rio and Lajjuira Coffee.
10 hhds. New Orleans and Porto Rico Sugars
125 casks Nails
200 pair Bright Traces
12 qr. casks Malaga and Madeira Wine
100 dozen Weeding Hoes
25 do Patent and Dutch Scythes
5 hhds. Crockery
30 boxra Window Glass
10 do Collins' and King's AxcS,
Which we offer at Wholesale, at a small advance
for cash, or on time to punctual customers.
ISO 1 1 at l AKK.
Fayetteville, -April 6, 1839. G-tf
G L OB E EXTRA.
Prospectus for the Extra Globe.
WE lay before our Republican friends a
subscription paper for our cheap periodi
cal publication, tiie "Extra Globe."
L During the months when Congress is in session,
twe publish the "Congressional Globe," which gives
A condensed report of its proceedings, weekly, for
lone dollar. In the interval between the session of
ICongress, we publish the "Extra Globe," .for six
fknonlbs, containing the news, politics, public docj
Mment3, and whatever olse of interest appears in the
-.Daily Globe, for the same price. These two pub
plications are printed week-ly, in book form, to ren
fder them moie convenient for preservation - and rc-
terence,
Each number contains 16 royal quarto pages.
The important elections which wilt take plaee
muring the approaching Summer and Fall, and
ive peculiar value to the information to Te derived
from this quarter during the canvass. The nqw
phases of parties in the North, and the troubled sk
I r- pect which foreign agitation gives to our national
: jaffairs there, will also impart lo the conulry for the
i'.-si months preceding the meeting of Congress,
; jinore than ordinary interest.
2 The publication of the "Exrra Globe" will com
jr,: Sjmence the first week in May and end the first week
"JJn November.
i TERMS.
r : - : : 198
rnr
For
For
For
For
For
1 vrj
6 copies -12
copies -25
copies --
50 copies -
1 00 copies
10 00
20 00
40 00
75 00
HATS!
A T S!
Payments may be transmitted by mail, postage
laid, at our risk. The notes of any incorporated
lank of the United States, current in the section of
tountry where a subscriber resides, will be received
Mut when the subscribers can procure the notes
t banks in the Northern and Middle States, they
fill please send them.
To insure all the numbers, the subscriptions
t jhould oe hero by the 7th of May.
f BLAIR & RIVES.
I TA TVT ...III 1 w1 A nnrr t-rlnr lin
s the money accompany it.
Washington, April, IS33.
MPiN, Copper, and Slieet Iron
M- MANUFACTUR Y. The subscriber
to forms his friends and the public that he has on
innrl and continues tn manufacture at bis old esta
blishment. Hay Street, near the Post Office, every
Article in the above line, and has on hand a large
Assortment of Tin and Jappanned Ware, Copper
tills, Worms, Hatter's Kettles, Dye Wash Kettles,
rass Kettles and 1 ea Kettles.
Also a large assortment
of S T O V E S and Stove
PIPE, consisting of Fire
place and Pipe Franklins,
Cooking, Boilingand Bak -ing
Stoves, Six plate and
Box Stoves, Sheet Iron &
Foot Stoves ; and keeps
constantly on hand Tin
Plate 1 3 X and extra
sizes, brass ft Iron w ire,
Sheet and Bolt Copper,
Sheet Brass, Iron, bteel and Ziinck; bheet, liar and
Pig Lead, Spelter, Round and Hoop Iron; Nail and
rRr.ili Rnrla- Thick Planished Steel.- first mialitv
(Mill and Cross Cut Saws, with a general assort
ment of other articles in his line, which he would
Irespectfully invite the attention of country mer
fchants and others to examine. lie will sell as low
"fis can be bought in this place.
I JAMES MARTINE.
Fayetteville, March 2, 1839. bSm
EW Stag-e Line The subscri
bers have established a line of
with the mail, from Fayette
ville to Warsaw Dcimt r
yc Wilmington Rail Road, connecting with the
rs on that Koad, both to W llmin&ton and to the
forth. They have sood Stases. excellent Hoi-bps
d faithful Drivers, and will leave no effort untried
give public satislaction. The following arc the
Burs of departure and arrival:
Leave Fayetteville, Sunday, Tuesday and Thurs
iiy, at 7, p; m. arrive Saturday, Tuesday and
Phursday. BAKER & BLOCKER,
mar 3 Ztt Proprietors.
Under a late Resolution of the Wilmington Rail
toad Company, passengers by this line are to be
largcd no more on the bteair.boats from Wilming-
n to Charleston than those who bo through on
lleir line.
The public is also informed that this is decidedly
be most pleasant, expeditious and cheapest route
between this place and Augusta.
lrom 1? aye tie vi lie to Wilmington, 15 hours.
-io narieston in hours, and
To Augusta in 40 hours.
By this route travellers will ,.r,U-r;rr,.n
Iri9 mi'f 9 staging, and loose but one nights slep!
R. Thomas J. Jordan has re
moved to Liberty Point, on the north side f
ferson street, a few doors above Mr. John M. Sted-
ian's store. mar a 9tr
ci ess t o a -j1 e a 5
-Wholesale and Ketail JJealers tn Hals,
HAVE just received their SPRING
Stock, and continue to manufacture Silk and
Fur Hats, at the north east corner of Market
bquarc, Fayetteville.
Also, a full supply of Hatters' Trimmings.
N. B. Highest price given for Fur.
April 6, 1839. 6-tf
To Printers and Publishers.
rJlHE subscribers have completed their new
-- specimen book of light faced Book and Job
Printing Types, Flowers and Ornaments, the con
tents ui wim-hnrfl herewith partially giwsn,....
Diamond, Pearl, nos. I and 3
Agate, nos. 1, 2 and 3
Agate on Nonpariel body
Nonpariel, nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Minionctte, nos. I and 2
Minion, nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Minion on Brevier body
Brevier on Minion body
Brevier, nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Brevier on Burgois body
Brevier on Long Primer body
Burgois on Brevier body
Burgois, nos. I, 2, 3 and 4
Burgois on Long primer body
Long Priuiur, nos. 1, 3 and 4
Long Primer on Small Pica body
Small Pica, nos. 1 and 2
Pica on Small Pica body '
Pica, nos.- 1, 2 and 3
Pica on English body
English, nos 1 and 2
Great Primer, Paragon, Double English
Double Paragon, Cannon
Five line Pica to twenty
Eight line Pica Gothic condensed to 25
Seven line and ten line Pica ornamental
6, 7. 9, 12 and 15 lines Pica shaded
8, 10, 15 and 16 lines Antique shaded.
Also a large and beautiful collection of flowers.
from pearl to seven linrs pica, which are not to be
found in any other specimen ; a new assortment of
ornamental dashes, a variety of card borders, near
two thousand metal ornaments, brass rule, leads of
various thickness, astronomical and physical signs,
metal and brass dashes from 3 to 30 cms long;
ar.'at primer and double pica Scripts on inclined
body: diamond and nonpariel music of various
kinds antique light and heavy face two line letter;
full face Roman & Italic nospnricl, minion, brevier,
long primer and other blacks; nonpariel, minion and
brevier Greek, Hebrew and Saxon.
A larse variety of ornaments, calculated particu
larly for th Spanish and South American markets;
Spanish, French and Portuguese accents furnished
to order, with every other article made use of in the
pfinting business. All of which can be furnished
at short notice, of as eood quality and on as reason
able terms, as any other establishment.
CONNER & COOK,
Corner of Nassau SiAnn streets, New York
II
J. & J. Z2T.S.
AVE Just received a large assortment of
Anker Boiling Cloths. Which will be sold
April 10, 1S38. .
LOOK rr THIS!
LAND for SALE
A ear the Wilmington and Raleigh Rail
Road.
THE SUBSCRIBER offers for sale. 927 acres
of Land, four miles west of Clinton, Samp
son count-, immediately on the Stage Road from
Fayetteville by Clinton to the Wilming-ton and Ra
leigh Hail Road, at Warsaw, and distant from the
Rail Road only eighteen miles. The situation is
perfectly healthy, and the tract comprises a great
proportion of rich low ground, and the adjoining up
land on the west side of Great Coharie. The in
lands and low lands of which stream, furnish a cane
pasture in winter, where one hundred head of cattle
may be kept fat all winter, without any other feed
ing. Those wishing to purchase a most desirable
summer residence, and a fertile and valuable farm,
will j lease call and examine for themselves.
Terms of sale reasonable, and made known on
application to the subscriber at Clinton, Sampson
county. fCCPNegroos will be received in part pay
ment, or for the entire purchase as may suit the
purchaser. -
JACOB R. CRUMPLER.
Clinton, April 28th, 1 839. 9-tf
Timler and Lumber Agency.
rTTI II E subscriber will attend to the sale of
M- TIMBER, LUMBER, &c. in the Town o
Wilmington, North Carolina, for all persons who
may favor him with their commission. He pledges
himself to procure for them at all times the highest
prices for such articles as they may trust to his
management. He is i n ro way connected with the
Steam Mills, or their Agent; and will give the best
security for the faithful discharge of his duties as
Arent. MILES COSTIN.
ViIminston, N. C. Feb. 23, 1839. 1-tf
f EIB & WALKER, old and well known
manufacturers, have established an Agencvin
Fayetteville, for the sale of theirPIANO FORTES.
They will be sold ut the lowest New York pi ices,
including expense of freight. These Piano Fortes
are all selected and approved before they are sent,
by a Teacher of Music in New York, and are war
ranted by the Makers. If not satisfactory, they may
be returned. The Ag-eney may be found at the
FEMALE SEMINARY where instruments of
different prices will be constantly open for inspec
tion. 1
They will be carefully packed without additional
charge, for safe transportation, to any part of the
country.
April 27, 1899. 9-tf
MILL STONES.
THE Subscriber having recently opened a new
quarry of superior grit, is prepared to furnish
any number of Stones, either ot the quarry or nt the
store of C. J. Orrell, Fayetteville. The quality of
the Jlfoore county Stones is so well known as not
to need description, and the Subscriber will war
rant all stones sold by him. If they should not
prove to be good, another pair will be furnished
without charge. The price is lower than hereto
fore. Persons wishing to purchase, can apply in per
son, or by letter addressed to Carthage, Moore
county. N. C. withjdescription of the size wanted.
JESSE SOWELL.
Moore County, April 20, 1839. 8 tf.
DEBATE IiV CONGRESS-
ffctffc DOZEN TEAS, 350 doz. Plates,
PFUF 250 dcz. Tumblers,
Just received and for sale by
PETER P. JOHNSON. .
April 20, 1839. 9-tf
QTABLES TO RENT on Hillsbo-
rough Street, a few .yards below iny Store. -mar
2 tf T. S. LUTTERLOH.
BLANKS
For Sale at this Office.
SPEECH OF MR. HUBBARD,
Of INew Hampshire."
(Concluded.) "
But let us examine this matter a little fur
ther, in order to show that the Secretary of tht
Treasury can have no concern with the ren
dition, the settlement, or the final disposition
of these accounts of the collector. It will ap
pear that he has no power over the subject in
the event that such officers fail to make the
returns required by law. By the act of the
loth of May, 1820, it is provided, "That when
any collector of the revenue, receiver of the
public money, or other officer, who shall have
received the public money, before it is paid
into the Treasury of the United States, shall
fail to render his account or pay over the same,
in the manner or within the time required by
law, the Comptroller shall cause to be stated
the account of such collector, receiver of pub
lic money, or other officer, exhibiting truly the
amount due to the United States, and certify
the same," not to the Secretary of the Trea
sury, but "to the agent of the Treasury," who
is authorized to issue a warrant of distress
against such delinquent officer. And under
the act of the 29lh of May, 1S30, these state
ments are required to be made to the Solicitor
of the Treasury, for the self same object. But
in all this proceeding the Secretary of the
Treasury has no concern; and it is done, and
often done, without the knowledge, certainly
without his direction. I he very organization
of these respective offices excludes the idea
that the head of the Department can have any
concern with the examination and disposition
of the accounts of collectors. While to the
office of the Secretary may be attached ten or
a dozen clerks, to the office of the Auditor,
on whom devolves, in the first instance, the
receipt and examination of accounts with the
(jrovernment, more than one hundred clerks
are attached. And to the offiee of the Comp
trollers, whose duty it is to re-examine and
ultimately to decide thereon, there is at least
one-fourth of the clerical force attached to his
office which belongs to the Auditor's, and
double to that which belongs to the office of
the Secretary proper.
In May, 1832, a resolution passed the Se
nate "that the President of the United States
be requested to cause to be" prepared, and laid
before the Senate at the commencement of
the next session of Congress, a plan for the
rc-oriraoizat!on of the Trensury Dcipniimsni,
vith a view to simplify the form and settling
and keeping the accounts, and of rendering
them more intelligible; of a more equal distri
bution of the labor and duties; and for abol
ishing some of the subordinate branches, and
reducing the number of clerks in the Execu
tive Departments."
T. his resolution was referred by the r resi
dent to the present head of the Treasury De
partment; and at the commencement ot ses
sion of Congress in 1S34, the present Secre
tary of the Treasury presented a detailed re
port, recommending a re-organization of that
Department. Under tne nead ot simpiuying
the forms of settling and keeping the accounts,
and of rendering them more intelligible, the
Secretary proposed some important changes
in the duties of the Auditors and of theComp
trollers, with a view to the correction of any
errors they might commit in the final settle
ment of public accounts. He also strongly
recommded that there should be a commission
er of customs, and that the Comptroller should
be charged exclusively with those duties ap
propriately connected with the settlement and
final comptrolling of accounts with the Gov
ernment. Ihe creation ot such an orhce.
with the appropriate duties defined as the)
were in that report, could not fail to impose
proper checks in the disbursement of the pub
lic money, and iu passing upon public ac
counts. But the recommendation of the Sec
retary were disregarded; for it will be founl
that the bill which was presented to Congress,
consequent upon that report, did not contan
fhe provisions which the Secretary had so
strongly recommended. I have alluded to
this fact to show that the attention of Congress
has been recently directed to this subject; tnd
yet no change whatever in the mode of receiv
ing and examining public accounts, has been
made. It is the same now as it has been ever
since 17S9.
There is no doubt that, by a general regu
lation at the Treasury Department, all collec
tors and receivers of public money are re
quested to make monthly returns of the ag
gregate of the receipts and expenditures at their
respective offices; and in districts where a
large amount of the public revenue accumu
lates, weekly statements of their aggregate
balances are requested to be made. But, Mr.
President, for what purpose are these statements
requested to be made? To enable the Secre
tary to compare them with the returns made to
the accounting officers, in order to see whe
ther they agree, or, if not, whether they furnish
any intrinsic evidence that there is a wrong,
an attempt to conceal the truth in these re
turns? No, sir; these abstracts, these state
ments of balances, are made to the Secretary
for a totally different purpose, to enable him
to discover at once the actual stale of the
public finances; to enable him to determine
where he can draw, with propriety, to satisfy the
public creditor, and to furnish him with the
means of making to Congress his annual fi
nancial report. For the same purpose, the
Secretary requires monthly statements of the
aggregate amount of bonds, in order that he
may be enabled to judge of all the means of
the Department; and, under the old system,
when bond? taken for customs were twelve
eighteen and twenty-four months, such returns
would enable the Secretary to present with
great precision, what would be the amount of
the receipts from those sources in any one
year; but since 1832, when the credits were
reduced to three and six months, and when at
least twenty-five per cent, of the duties on
imports are received in cash, it has not been
so easy or so certain to calculate on the
amount of the annual receipts as it was for
merly, under the old system of exclusive and
of long credits. But it cannot fail to impress
every man, that these returns of balances can
not lead to the discovery of fraud where fraud
exists, or to detect fraud where fraud is pur
posed. The running account with the vouch
ers are never transmitted to the Secretary, for
the best of all reasons, that he has never been
charged with their examination and adjust
ment. In the Secretary's report, to which I have
already referred, speaking of a possibility that
a combination among officers, or an accident
escaping the vigilance of officers, might lead
to an improper withdrawal from the Treasury
of some part of the public money whereupon,
he remarked that, to guard against this, it
might be advisable to require, by a standing
law, what has been heretofore, at least on two
occasions, (in 1794, and 1801,) that is, a pe
riodical examination, by a committee of Con
gress, into the actual condition of the Trea
sury. That examination, going beyond the
forms and records beyond the face of all the
accounts kept, and even the receipts and ex
penditures of all public money should, in a
special manner, whenever the slightest suspi
cion exists, extend to a close inquiry into the
settlement ot any accounts; the occasion lor
any allowance; the rules and extent of all
discretionary expenditures; the evidences of
the actual amount of the money in the Trea
sury; or any other circumstance which would
tend lo detect error, or lead to salutary im
provements in any of the existing laws."
These all important suggestions were alike
disregarded by Congress. Defalcations had
alarmingly occurred under former Adminis
trations, and to guard against any such recur
rence, as well as to prevent any improper
withdrawal of the public money from the Trea
sury, the recommendations to which I have
referred, were submitted, and submitted in an
swer to a call from the Senate itself. But
there has been since no action of Congress
upon the subject; and if defalcations have
arisen, and thosrf defalcations cannot be
charged upon any neglect of official duty in
kty puljl - oAVAr, it may fairly lw rAnoulprAp
whether the fault does not lay at ther door of
Congress whether there has not been a great
onilssion or public duty in this respect, on the
part of the Legislative branch of the Govern
ment. In view of this matter, and in the
discharge of what they believed to be their
duty, most emphatically urged upon us by re
cent events, the Committee on Finance have
presented to the Senate the bill now under
consideration. I do not propose to go into
an examination of its details, that has already
been done; but as a whole, itwill furnish those
guards for the safe keeping of the public mo
ney, which have long been wanted. It will
prevent any appropriation of the public funds
to private use; it will most effectually lead to
the discovery of any frauds which may be at
tempted by collectors and receivers in making
their returns; and what is of the utmost im
portance, it imposes a severe penalty upon the
transgressor. "-Not only will the accounting
officers, if this bill shall be passed, be able to
detect fraud, but also to bring to punishment
the offender.
The Senator from Massachusetts says that
there is law enough, but the fault is in the ex
ecution. Then, sir, every Administration,
from 1789 to the present period, has been in
fault. No, sir; there is a want of legislation
upon the subject. More checks are demand
ed, and more guards are required to preserve
the public money in the hands of collectors,
for the exclusive use of the Government.
How stands the fact? what has been our his
tory in relation to the defaults of public offi
cers? I have read the document, about which much
has been said elsewhete, in the course of the
present session. I refer to House document
111, and which was submitted to the House
of Representatives in January, 183S, and if I
rightly recollect, that document contained the
names of one hundred and fourteen persons
who had been collectors of the customs, and
were returned as public defaulters. Nine
tenths of those defaults occurred under the
Administrations previous to the last Adminis-
.... . - ., r- . i
tration. 1 he laws wnicn tne oenaior uas re
cited were then in full force; they did not pre
vent defaults then; they did not then lead to
Ihe discovery of frauds. The same laws can
not now effectuate those objects; mere is a
defect in the law, and that defect the present
hill is intended to supply. Why were not
those laws sufficient to prevent the defaults of
Cieneral Ji-tng, ot mr. mgaie, oi wucwi
Upham, and of Mr. S wanton; they occurred
under the administration of the younger
Adams, when those laws were in full force?
Why were they not sufficient to detect the de
fault of Robert Arnold, who stands recorded
as a defaulter to the amount of more than
eighty thousand dollars, with an official bond
amounting only to five thousand dollars.
This default also occurred under the adminis
tration of Mr. Adams; and, from my recollec
tion, the report states that there is no expecta
tion that ihis amount will be reduced by sub
sequent receipts. I mention these facts to
cWv W the existing acts of Congress are
not sufficient to prevent these frauds, and to
preserve, in safety, the public money for the
use of the Government. The imposttion is
Dractised in the return itself; and, if the col-
lector of the customs can induce some half
dozen clerks to conceal the fraud, he can
make, as he has from time to time made, such
false returns to the accounting efficers, snd
furnish to the Secretary, weekly, such false
statements of the aggregate balances, as to
prevent the discovery and the detection of the
fraud. But pass this bill, and you impose
such a perfect system of well ordered checks
and guards, that no collector, of himself, can
make a false return, without an immediate dis
covery of his fraud.
Up to 1835, a practice prevailed that, when
the Auditor received the quarterly yearly re
turns from the collectors, &c. &c. the clerk in
the Auditor's office having these returns in
charge, was in the habit of handing those re
turns to a clerk in the office of the Secretary
of the Treasury, for the sole purpose of enter
ing the footings, so as to show officially to the
Secretajy the amount of available means at
the end of every quarter, to answer the same
object, in fact, which the weekly and monthly
statements to the Secretary, from the collec
tors, of the aggregate balances, were intend
ed to answer. No vouchers were ever hand
ed with these official returns, and no means
could thereby be afforded to the Secretary of
the Treasury to detect the fraud, if fraud ex
isted. The only way, as I have before stated,
of detecting fraud, is by a careful examination
and comparison of the accounts with the
vouchers at the Auditor's office.
This practice is now discontinued, and I
have heard it said, among other things, by way
of charge against the Secretary of the Treasury,
that this was done at the instance of the Sec
retary. The practice, sir, was discontinued
by the clerk in the clerk in the Auditor's of
fice; and, from inquiry, I have not been able
to learn that the oldest clerks in the office of
the Secretary of the Treasury ever knew that
these returns irom the Auditor's orhce were
made for the purpose of making an examina
tion or comparison with any returns which
may have been made direct to the Secretary
himself. No such comparisons were ever
made under any Administration. No such
returns were ever made for any such purpose
to the Secretary's office from the office of the
Auditor.
I cannot close my remarks without again
referrng to the House document No. Ill, in
order to show that the existing laws do not
afford sufficient checks and guards, and that
further legislation is indispensably necessary,
with a view to the security of the public
mniiov. That document states that William
Brown, a Collector at New Orleans in 1S09,
was a defaulter to the amount of more than
1 hundred and seven thousand dollars: & if I
have a right recollection of that case, he be
came a defaulter, and had actually absconded
before the dateof the last letter of instructions
to him from Mr. Gallatin, the then head of
the Treasury Department. Although there
had been some little informalities as to the
time of making his weekly statement of bal
ances, &c. yet neither from the face of the
accounts themselves, nor from any other
source, was the Secretary of the Treasury led
to suspect that all was not right in the case of
this defaulter.
And as the present Secretary's circular to
certain receivers, has been somewhat severe
ly, and, I think, unjustly animadverted upon,
I will take the liberty to transcribe Mr. Galla
tin's letter to Mr. Brown, in order to show
that the present Secretary has high authority
for the course he pursued, and that the senti
ments and even the lauguage of Mr. Galla
tin, in his letter to Mr. Brown in 1809, re
proving him for some omissions of duly, are
very similar to the language used by Mr.
Woodbury in his circular, wherein he under
took to complain for some omissions of offi
cial duty, and recommending, properly, iu my
judgment, a different course, rather than re
porting the individual as unworthy ot place
and who ought at once to be removed from of
fice. I subjoin a copy of Mr. Gallatin let
ter to Mr. Brown:
"Treasury Department, Dec. 4, 1S09.
"Sir: I have this day received eight
weekly returns from you, from the 1st July to
31st August last, with sundry other returns,
some of which bore the post mark of Novem
ber 13. As the standing instructions of this
Department respecting weekly returns, and
the particular instructions to you upon that
subject, contaiued in my letter of the 26th of
June last, have not been complied with, I
take the liberty to repeat that it is indispensa
ble that the weekly returns should be weemy
made, and put in the post office immediately
after the end of the week to which the return
relates.
"1 have also this day received from the cash
ier of the office of discount and deposite your
rorrlnt for one hundred thousand dollars, tak
en up from him under the authority contained
in my letter ol tne ytn oi marcn resi. n
not my intention, and foe tenor of that letter
implies it, that the whole of this sum -should
be drawn at once; but that, after the moneys
in your hands were exhausted, you should
draw on the bank, from time to time, to meet
the debentures, as they should be presented to
n ,i fnr navment. If, therefore, you have
not paidway, for debentures, the whole ot
that sum ot one nunareu muusauu uuuaio,
gether with the sums remaining from your
collections, and which appear to have amount
ed, on the 31st of August, to twenty three
thousand dollars, you will be pleased, immedi
nrvlv All thn receipt of this letter, to refund to
to the . office of discount and deposite such
Gm us may remain in your hands; and will
continue, as fast as any moneys come into
your nands,to apply them, from week to week,
to the reduction of the balance of the advance
from the bank, until k is wnouy repam.
Vol. i. so. 13.
...
"I have received no statement of K, a
bentures issued, nor any intimation from you
of their amount. From the time when the
money was taken up by you. I presume they
were issued in the month of September No
statement for that month has been received, al
though the statement of debentures issued id
the subsequent month of October came to
hand by the last mail. This is an irregulari
ty which ought not to have taken place. As
you are hot ignorant of the manner in which
all your returns to this Department ought' to
be made, I must request your particular atten
tion that no omissions or irregularities be per
mitted hereafter to occur.
"You will be pleased to acknowledge the
receipt of this letter by the first mail after its
arrival.'
"I am, very respectfully, sir,' your obedient
servant,
"ALBERT GALLATIN.
"William Brow, Esq. Collector, New
Orleans."
Mr. President, I have said all that I wish to
say. My object in rising was to defend the
Secretary of the Treasury from charges which
had been so often made, and constantly rei
terated against him, on account- of some
knowledge which it is supposed that officer
had of the late defalcations in New York, and
in such time as to have enabled him to expose
the fraud, and to have convicted the wrong
doer. It has been my purpose to show that a
faithful and vigilant discharge of the appropri
ate duties of that officer, could not, by any
possibility, enable him to discover or detect
any frauds which any collector in his official
returns might intend to practice. I have en
deavored to show that to the accounting offi
cers of the Treasury belong, and exclusively
belong, , not only the receipt, examination, and
final adjustment of such accounts, but I have
also shown, that to the I irst Comptroller be
longs the business of superintending the col
lection of the duties on imports, and tonnage,
and that so specific are the duties of the Sec
retary of the Treasury, as pointed out by the
existing laws, that without undertaking at his
mere motion to perform the official duties of
other officers, be could not have discovered
any falsities or frauds contained in the return
of the collectors of the customs, or of any of
the receivers of the public moneys.
As the friend of the S.ecretaiy of the Trea
sury, I look forward with entire confidence to
the publication of the report of the Committee
of Investigation, who have this whole subject
in charge; and if justice shall be done' to that
distinguished officer in that report, as I can
not doubt it will be, I - have every reason to
believe that he will be entirely exonerated
from all blame, and from every unworthy im
putation. I am perfectly aware of the nature
and character of the charges which have been
made and circulated against the Secretary of
the Treasury, with reference to the recent de
falcations in New York, and with reference to
other defaulters which have recently occurred.
But, sir, let the report come, let the truth, the
whole truth, and nothing but the truth, be faith
fully presented to the American people; let
party prejudice be laid aside, and a jast ac
count given of these transactions, and I have
no doubt that it will be discovered that these
charges against, and these attacks trpon, the
public conduct of the Secretary, have been
made without right and without authority.
It is known to you, Mr. President, it is
known to me, it must be known to us all, that
most extraordinary allegations have been
made against the Secretary, pending the pres
ent session of Congress, in this Senate, and
out of this Senate. If, sir, there was any re
liance to be placed on popular rumor, if the
public journals of the times could be regarded
as the faithful chronicles of passing events
long before this we had a right to expect to
have had the Secretary of the Treasury arraign
ed before this Senate to answer for high mis- -
demeanors to be preferred against hn by hV
House of Representatives. I hav felt sotf8
solicitude, some anxiety, to have such a p'
ceeding instituted against my friend I
would be to him the proudest day in b- wnoie
life. He would then have the oprtn7 ot
meeting his accusers face to Ace; and ne
would then be able1 to show fordi that integrity
of character, that uprightness , of purpose,
which belongs to him to convince his accu-
.- r . - i
sero ana to satisty tne American peopie ui me
great injustice done him.
In conclusion, Mr. President, all that 1
have to say is, that those who have been so
-. . ... i j .
proline and constant in ineir cnarges agaiusi
the Secretary of the Treasury, have mistaken
their aim; for, notwithstanding the attacks
which have been made upon, and which are,
day following day, repeated against him on
this floor and in another part of this Capitol,
but little impression is made abroad. '. It is
manifest that intelligent and patriotic portions
of the community, (while these things are go
ing on here,) are giving to the secretary tne
most irratifvinff evidence of their unshaken
confidence in him, and of their fixed deter
mination to give support to his public and ot
ficial acts.
FROM THE OHIO STATESMAN.
WHIGGERY AND FEDERALISM AC
KNOLEDGED TO BE THE SAME!
A few days since, the Ohio State Journal,
in alluding to the Editor of the Wheeling
Times, said:
"Wharton, like most of the editorial frater
nitv, is a man of good sense. In politics he
is a Whig, of the rnost indomitable and un
compromising character. Some of his loco
foco enemies go so far as to charge him with'
ultra Federalism, and some have accused him
of entertaining the horrible, political heresy
that Jefferson was not a much better man than
J