Btesonrces
of
Ytinia Counfcy.
A white man first" set foot on what ia
aor Yuma Coutity in 1771. It is the
southwest division of the Territory, and
Sine of the four original counties of the Tor
ritcry. Many great reclamation projects are
however on foot, and hi a few years ex
pect to see Yuma County rated ds tlie
riGhcst in the Territory.
The first glimpse the traveler from Cali
fornia catches of Arizona is that of the
picturesque town of Yuma, which ia snugly
situated in the embrace of gentle rolUng
Iiills, upon Whose tresis and sides the
modern KomeS of bur superior civilization
Tre crowding the adolfo dwellings into
eternal oblivion. Yuma is the gateway to
Arizona, the new empire of the West, upon
whose undeveloped riches the eye3 of the
country are at present turned, and as such,
She is bound to grow and prosper with a
rapidity that at present can hardly be re
alized. But coupled with her geographi
cal position we find that she is the center
6fa country whoso agricultural possibili
ties are practically unlimited, being sur
rounded by a soil the fertility of which
texceeds that of the delta of the Nile, and
"wanting only water to become a paradise
bloom . Billions of gallons of that precious
&uid have annually golie to waste at
Yuma's very doors, but already a reaction
is taking place and many enterprises are
on foot to supply the life-giving waters of
the yellow Colorado to the thirsty earth.
RIVERS OF YUMA COUNTY.
In regard to climate, healthlulness, fer
tility and productiveness of soil, facilities
For cultivation, irrigation and abundance of
water supply, variety of resources and
cheap transportation by rail and by water,
L narfc of Arizona can surpass Yuma
county, which is destined to become one of
richest and most prosperous counties in
It iies between 00' and 34 20' north
latitude and 113 '20' and 114 40' west
imimtnifo- Tt contains 6.488.320 acres. It
is about as large as the States of Rhode
Island, Connecticut arid Delaware com
bixed, or as large as either New Hampshire
VarmnSit rir AT ncsnnhn Kelts.
The western boundary of Yuma County
is formed by the, Colorado river, which
from California. The
county is bounded on the north by Williams
Fork and the Santa Maria river, whose
waters flow into the Colorado; on the east
by the counties of Pima, Maricopa and
Yavapai, and on the south by Sonora,
Mexico. Its county seat is the town of
Yuma.
The Colorado river draius the entire ter
ritory of Arizona and every drop ot water
which falls on its mountains and plains
3nds its way to this mighty river. It is
formed by the union of the Green and
Grand rivers, fed by the streams which
rise in the Rocky Mountains, and the melt
ing snows cause a greater depth of water
In this river in summer thdn iii winter, thus
furnishing the most water at. tlie season
when it is tiiost required for the purposes
6f irrigation and agriculture.
It will be seen that for the entire distance
along its western boundary, Yuma County
possesses the great advantage of cheap
water transportation.
The Gila river rises in the western part
5f New Mexico and is fed by numerous
streams, among the most prominent of
which are the San Pedro, Agua Fria, Has
sayampaand Salt rivers. It flows west
through Yuma County and empties into the
Colorado at the town of Yuma.
Yuma county, traversed by these great
rivers from its northern to its southern,
and from its eastern to its western bound
aries, possesses a far greater water supply
than any other county in the Territory,
and far more than can be found in all Cali
fornia. t
This water is now being diverted from its
natural channels by means of numerous
large irrigating canals, and utilized for the
purpose of reclaiming and irrigating the
immense tracts of lands which lie in this
favored country, and' which are as fertile
as any in the world.
The Southern Pacific Railroad crosses the
Coloradb' river at the town of Yuma and
runs through the county, following the
gcnerol course, and' at an" average distance
of about four miles south, of the Gila river,
rendering all the lands susceptible of irri
gation and cultivation, can find an eaBy
Outlet in this way and can be transposed
tb all the markets arid centers of population
in the East or West.
Another competing railroad is projected
from San Diego, California, to the town
df Yuma, and thence along the nortli Bide
Of the Gila river. Thus Yuma County will
have exceptional railroad advantages
THE CLIMATE OF YUMMS
The climate of Yuma for nine months 6f '
the year has no equal, as we believe, in the
world, and during the remaining three
months of the year, comprising Julie, July
and August, tht heat is not oppressive.
E ven though 'the thermometer in mid-summer
may a; times rise above 100, and oc
casionally even reach 110, yet, owing to
the absence of moisture in the air, it is not
oppressive. The aimosptiers is pure, fight
and balmy. Wh&i the mercury marks the
highest extreme of heat, a person docs not
feel that oppression or debility which ia
felt in tic Eastern States when the mer
cury is ranging froiiS'SO" to 90. The air is
so dry that perspiration is absorbed as soon
as it reaches the surface of the body and
at no time in the summer does the heat
produce any discomfort.
LANDS AND SGlLSv.
TUe lands of Yuma County comprise tlie river
bottoms and valleys and the Uplands or mesas The
bottom arids are nioistcr and lightly mere fertile
if, indeed, it is possible to mike comparisons
where all are so wonderfully productive and prolific
The uplands or mesas are warmer and, perhaps,
Ifghtiy for better the culthationof the citrus fruits
?fl!!i contains i v.r!r ?f scil. Ths valley lsml
of the Gila and Colorado rivers have for the most
part a deep sedimentary soil of brownish, gray
sandy loam, resting, in most places, upon a gray
clay subsoil at a depth of from ten to twenty feet
below the surface, The clay subsoil forms a hard
pan which is impervious to "water. These soils have
been slowly formed by the decomposition of shales,
sandstones, Marls, limestones, etc., mixed with or
guiic and vegetable matter, washed down by the
mighty rivers and have been gradually -deposited
Juring the course of centuries. The fertilizing
brownish mud held in the wat ciof the Colorado
and Gila rivers resembles that from the Nile, and
its quantity varies from 0.1 to 0.5 percent.,
though the water when even considerably discolor
ed by mud is good to drink, resembling in this res
pect the Missouri river water. A chemical analysis
of the sediments of the Colorado and of the Nile
exhibits a wonderful similarity in the constituent
parts 'of each. That of the Colorado exhibiting a
trifle less potassa, most phosphoric acid and car
boiiade of limcstonic beds through which the Colo
rado passes. In otlieT respacts the sediment of tho
Colorado is almost identical with that of the Nile.
It will be noticed, therefore, that when this water is
used for irrigation it is superior to artesian waters
since it is constantly supplying tic laird 'frith the
chestfcttfii$iti elements. The soil of the valleys
Is extremely rich in dedomposed vegetable matter
and uneomblned carbon, readily absorbing the
aerial gases, such especially, as oxygen, which en
tering the soil, decomposes the organic matters so
that tticy cin be talreri lip arid 'flourish the plants
which may be considered a leading feature in its
fertility. It also readily takes up and retains
moisture, while the firmness of its particles affords
every facility for percolation and the activity of
capillary action. In i ts mechanical composition its
particles are in a state of very fine division, which
renders it more productive than coarser soils It
acquiries heat readily in the daytime, and the loss
of the heat at night Is very gradual, so that it re
mains always warm and Is rjot subject to. sudden
ch&nges of heat r.hd cold, besides its essential con
stituents of water, organic or vegetable matter,
sand and clay, a chemical analysis shows that lime,
soda, magnesia, iron, ammonia and available forms
of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash enter into
composition in the proportions best adapted to
add to its fertility, though, of course, as is alwajs
the case in soil analysis, its composition varies in
different localities and is not always constant.
The sol o the uplands, or mesas, lighter and
more gravelly and iu some places of a iree, loamy,
calcareous character. Tho mesa lands are warm and
generous. They seem especially adapted for the
grape, olive and citrus fruits generally; Their soil
contains more magnesia, lime or chalk than the
bottom lands. It never cracks and retains moisture
admirably in summer. It is of that character which
will produce a wine that will keep good for fifty or
a hundred years, and improve annually, not being
liable tb sour, or on exposure to the air, after one
year old, to become turbid and change color in the
bottle or glass.
We can safely say that the soil of Yuma County
can nowhere be surpassed, containing as it does all
the essential elements of richness and fertility.
FltUIT CULTURE.
Fruit production throughout Arizona is a sub
ject o great interest at present, and will no
doubt, be the principal industry in Yuma County.
The remarkable results that have sprung from
very superficial and imperfect culture has de
monstrated that the soil and climate of Yuma
County are peculiarly adapted fdrth's branch of
agricultural enterprise. The development of these
resources is of the utmost importance and is at
tracting carcfnl attention. Experiments have been
made, with care, and facts in regard to the culture
of different kinds of fruits have been collected
which cannot fail to convince, even the mostskept
ical, of the wonderful superiority of Yuma County
over Southern California in fruit growing, and
which must lead to a large and varied production,
of the most remunerative character.
The Commissioner of Immigration in his report,
published in 1836, writes as follows of the rich
valleys Of the Gila. Coloradb. and Salt rivers.
"The soil of theso valleys is among the richest
on the continent. It is formed of the detritus
which th'c streanis for ages have, brought down
froni their mountain homes in Iheir journoy to the
sea. By constant overflows and change of channel,
the deposit of this rich vegetable matter has form
ed a soil of extreme fertility, Near tho streams it
is a dark alluvial mold, well adapted to small
grains and grasses. Farther back there is a rich
sandy loam, mellow and porous, and especially
favorable for fruit culture. It has been already
demonstrated that the productive capacity of these
valleys is not surpassed by lands of equal area in
any part of the United State3. So rapid and prolific
is the growth of tho fruits, cereals and vegetables
that the labor o'f IHe cultivator Is reduced to the
minimum. In nearly all of them two crops a year
can be growth, and vegetation is one month ahead
of California. The farmers plants a cotfconwood
sapling before his door, and within the year he has
a shade tree twenty-five feet high! Alfalfa can be
cut six times during the season, and it is an actual
fact the grape-cuttings have produced within eigh
teen months! "What State or Territory can make
such a showing? The climate, it must be remem
bered, Is nearly perpetual slimmer. Snow never
falls in these southern valleys. The farmer begins
to plant in November, and by the middle of May
hi3 harvest is ready. Roses are in bloom, fruit
trees are blossoming, and the grain fields arc a sea
of green, when the fields of tho Eastern farmers
are covered with snow and ice.
Every variety o grains, grasses, fruits and vege
tables grown in th'e temperate and semi-tropic
zones can be produced in the valleys of Arizona.
Wheat, corn, barley, oats and all the small grains
give a yield of from twenty-five to fifty busliels.to
the acre. Alfalfa, clover, timothy, Bermuda and
all the cultivated grasses grow luxuriantly, the
former giving from eight to ten tons to the acre
each year, Every variety of vegetable raised in
the United States can be grown in Arizona, and
nowhere are thoy found of better quality.
'Besides the products mentioned, these semi-
tropical valleys produce cotton, sugar-cane, to
bacco, hemp and rice. With the exception of the
sugar-cane, but little attcnttcu Is paid to the culti
vation of other staples; but it has been demonstrat
ed that the soil and climate are specially adapted
to their successful growth. Cotton-growing is no
experiment ill' Arizona, for it is on record that
when the Europeans first penetrated this region,
they found the rima Indians wearing fabrics
made of cotton grown in the Gila valley.
'But it is their adaptability for fruit culture
that assures to these valley lands a dense popula
tion and a prosperous future. Almost every var
iety known can be raised in their fruitful soils. The
apple, pear, plum, peach, apricot, quince and nec
tarine, are of delicious flavor, and give a gen
erous yield. The grape of all varieties is a home
In these sunny vales. No place In the grape-growing
belt of the Pacific Coast can show so prolific a
yield. The quality is all that could be desired;
and the wine, although its manufacture is yet ex
perimental, is of a fine flavor, delicious bosquet,
and unsurpassed by any native product as a table
beverage. Experiments with the raisin-grape
have shown that this climate a'nd soil possess
every advantage for the production and curing of
this staple article of commerce.
"Besides tile fruits already mentioned, the or
ange,' lemon, linre, olive, fig, pomegranate, and
others of the citrus family, can be grown success
fully in the valleys of Southern Arizona. Orange
trees are now in bearing in the Salt River valley
and at Yuma; while the bananas is also being cul
tivated at the latter place. Ihe Arizona orange1 iri
quality and flavor will compare favorably wllH the
best California.
"In the vaiieys of tho Colorado, the Salt and the
Glia livers, there is room for thousands. It is not
too much to say that nowhere within the limits of
this broad Union can be found a more desirable
region for the nlaking of a home. No laborious
clearing of the land is required; it lies almost
read3 for the plow. Trees and shrubbery have so
rapid a growth that vithlii eighteen months the
Immigrant can surround his abodb with attraction
I which would rcquircyears to mature ih'less favored
climates. Fruits ripen and are ready for market
a full month before the California product. The
bright sunshine makes life a luxury, and the pure,
dry atmosphere brings health to all who inhale it
For the establishment of colonies, such as we have
made of Southern California a ardon, Arizona
presents unrivaled opportunities Thcv.sands of
acre, now profitless, can he made productive
by the construction of irrigating ditches, and thero
is no investment which assures larger or more
permanent returns."
The foregoing statements are not exaggerated;
in fact, they- fall short of doing justiee to this won
derful land. Pineapples, dates, aImo?nls and wal
nuts will do well. Strawberries, raspberries, black
berries, currants, gooseberries, and all varieties of
small fruits can be successfully cultivated. Indeed,
Yuma County is not only the intural home of the
citrus and semi-tropical fruits, as almost every
fruit, nut, plant, grain, grass or cgetable which
cau be produced in cither tropic or temperate zone,
will thrive iri its rich aird fertile soils.
ARIZONA.
Arizona stands at the threshold of in
era of wonderfnl social and industrial de
velopment. Thero cairt be a doubt about
the fact. The dawn for which she has
waited so long is breaking at last. Thero
is every promise of a day of great pros
perity and permanent upbuilding just be
fore her. The impulse of a new and ener
gizing hope is visible everywhere among
her people, while tho cumulative effect ol
many things, which made but small im
pression as they transpired singly, is now
commanding for her a full share of atten
tion and interest abroad among home
seekers and capitalists.
A lively competition has sprung up for
the possession of things which have hereto
fore gene a-begging for ownership. There
is a scramble for franchises. Nothing more
surely indicates a great industrial awaken
ing than this. The rate of interest arc
falling to moderate figures. Nothing more
surely indicates eontidbnee and competition
among the money lenders than this.
Arizona has reached that climacticer
period which every western state has ex
perienced sometime in its history when,
after long and Weary struggle and doubt,
with each side of the balance first up and
then down, the clouds of despondeivcy
have suddenly rolled away, and a sunl.urst
of energizing hope has thrilled the droop
ing spirits of the people to greater an"d
braver endeavor than before.
For the last twelve years the subsidence
of the great Tombstone boom and the com
pletion of two transcontinental lines of
railroad across her territory Arizona has
rather dropped out ot public attention,
but in that time 3he jias been quietly ac
cumulating a fund of substantial wealth
and a force of moral character which
qualify her now to rise up and take her
uesimy in nerown nanus.
The population of Arizona is Mexican.
This is a mistake of great importance from
the moral point of view. There is but one
considerable center df Mexican population
in the territory, the city of TucsOii", and
even there it is not by any means at pres
ent the predominating element. It think
it is certain that Arizona has not to-day
nearly so large a Mexican population as
Colorado and not abrjve one-tenth as liiuch
as New Mexico.--"Fitz-Mac," in Denver
News.
WHY EMMIGRANTS SHOULD C0ME TO YUMA
COUNTY.
Because the climate is perfeet.
Because the soil is fertile and prolific.
Because land is abundant and cheap.
Because a home can be made with little
labor.
Because so great a variety bT products
can be grown.
Because the yield is large and the prices
always remunerative.
Because life is a luxury iii a Idnd where
the sun shines every day.
Because there are chances for a poor man
which he can never hope to find, in older
countries.'
Because the country is advancing and
property values are increasing.
Because, unlike Southern California it
does not require a small fortune to secure a
piece of land.
Because capital docs not block all the av
enues to wealth, nor crowd the poor ;man
to the wSll.
Because Uncle Sam has yet many farms
in Yuma county waiting for occupants,
Bscause churches, schools, newspapers
and railroads are fast developing the imoral
and material elements of the Territory.
Because good land is becoming scarce, and
if you don't catch on now, your last chance
will soon be gone .
Because the country is one of the few
regions of the United States that yields the
products of the temperate and semi-tropic
zones.
Because the worker receives a fair com
pensation' for his labor, and the 'rustler' has
a field for the display of his energy and en
terprise. Because there are neither blizzards or
tornadoes, earthquakes nor inundations,
snow-storms nor cyclones.
Because the vast and varied resources of
the country are yet to be developed.
Because the wealth of its mines, its farm
ing valleys, and grazing land3, will yet build
up a great and prosperous cofthty;
Because a man can ift'ake a iiveiindod her,
with lees labor than in any other part of the
United States.
Because there is health in every breeze.
and strength and vigor under its cloudles3
skies.
Because the settler need not spend a life
time in felling trees and grubbing out
stumps.
Because vegetation is so rapid that in two
years the home is surrounded by a growth
of trees and shrubs which would require
nve years to develop m a colder clime.
Because fortunes here await tho. vfint.nm.
some, and health welcomes the afflicted .
Because the countrv has a brilliant-, firtm-o
and you want to be in the "swim."
Because in its pure, dry invigorating air,
epidemic diseases cannot live or germinate.
Because it3 people are generous, liberal,
hospitable and progressive .
WHY CAPITAL SnODLD SEEK YUMA COUNTY.
Because its mines arc the richest.
Because its grazing lands are the best.
Because its farming lands are valuable and
productive .
Because it gives assurance of the largest
returns on money invested.
Because its grand resources are yet to be
developed .
Because it is a young, growing county
with an assured future .
Because the opportunities for engaging in
manufacturing enterprises are better than in
any other region of the West.
Because good mining properties can be had
a reasonable figures .
Because there is a demand for additional
facilities for orb reduction .
Because there are vast stretches of rich
soil to be reclaimed by the construction of
irrigating canals.
Because there arc large tracts of grass
lands that can be utilized by the sinking ot
artesian wells .
Because there arc many openings in a new
country which cannot exist in older com
munities. Because the opportunities for engaging in
the successful cultivation of semi-tropic
fruits are better than in any other part of
the United States.
Because property values are rapidly ad
vancing. Because Arizona's boom is yet to come .
Because it is a virgin field, ready for the
seed which will produce a golden harvest.
BU&t 1 WANT , MlDimir
Mil kTIfKWElpPKflAM
' K r AND NO OTH EF?.
3 GENUINE y lj JL j SEE
DURHAM V-iry r n
You trill find one eonpon jr sggy tvV
Inside cacli two ounce bag, i 0imtM Sj
iand iwo coupons inside cacli 1 Mm $fll
rout toUiW bg ot Slack- J If jlf .IJ" 1 1 1
Vrt&V jDurttann Buy a bag , uj M hr
of ttitt celebrated tabaieto aSWi
aad tea tiie cfeujrtm-whlch jVJSr
ARIZONA.
Its Attractions and Advantages as a
Place of Residence in "Winter.
Whitelaw Reid. owner and editor of the
New York Tribune, who has spent the last
two winters in Arizona for the benefit of
his health, writes entertainingly and in
structively concerning that part of the
country. Mr. Reid says:
So many questions are asked about Ari
zona as a place for winter residence, and
there appears to be such a dearth of pre
cise information among many who are
vitally interested, that it seems almost a
public duty, to set down, in the simplest
form, a few facts of personal observation.
WEATHER,
During a five months' residence in
Southern Arizona in winter there was but
one day when ilife weather made it actually
unpleasant for me to take exercise in the
open air at some time or other during the
day. Of course there were a good many
days which a weather observer wo'uld de
scribe as "cloudy," and some that were
"showery; but during these five months
(from November, 1S95, to May, 189G,)
there were only four days when we did not
have brilliant sunshine at some time dur
ing the day. Even more than Egypt, any
where north of Luxor, Arizona is the laud
of sunshine. As to details:
TEMPERATURE.
I have seen the thermometer mark 92
degrees in the shade on my north piazza in
March. On the other hand, we had frosts
which killed young orange trees, and there
were several nights when thih ice formed.
The government reports show a mean
temperature for fourteen years at the pres
ent territorial capital of 57i degrees in
November; 5$ degrees in December, 49 de
grees in January, 54 degrees in February;
61 degrees in March and 66 degrees in
April. The same reports show the highest
and lowest temperatures, averaged for
eight years, at the same place, as follows:
For November 7S degrees and 42 degrees,
December 73 degrees and 36 degrees;
January 65 degrees and 32 degrees, Feb
ruary 71 degrees and 35 degrees,
March SI degrees and 41 degrees and
April S6 degrees and 46 degrees, The
nights throughout the winter are apt to be
cool enough for open wood fires, and for
blaukets. Half the time an overcoat is
not needed during the day, but it is never
prudent for a stranger to be without one
at hand.
Alii.
The atmosphere is singularly clear, tonic
and dry. I have never seen it clearer
anywhere in the world. It seems to have
about the same bracing and exhilarating
qualities as the air of the Great Sahara in
Northern Africa, or of tlie deserts about
Mount Sinai, in Arabia Petraea, It is
much drier than in the parts of Morocco,
Algiers or Tunis usually visited, and drier
than any part of the Valley of the If ile
north of the First Cataract. It seems to
me about the same in quality as the air on
the Nile between Assouan and Wady
Halfa, bift somewhat cooler.
ACTUAL HUMIDITY.
This is extremely slight, everywhere in
Arizona, as compared with any eastern
climate in the United States. The air is
driest on the h'igh mesas, remote from
snowclad mountains or forests, and in the
desert valleys, where no considerable irri
gation has been begun. Wherever irriga
tion is carried on on a large scale, the
percentage of humidity in the atmosphere
must be somewhat increased, although to
an eastern visitor it is scarcely perceptible.
The same Government observations al
ready cited show relative humidity, at
Phoenix or Tucson, averaged for weeks,
from morning and evening readings, at less
than half the usual humidity on dry day
in New York. General Greely, in a pub
lication from the Weather Bureau, gave
the normal weight of aqueous vapor in the
Arizona air at from 1 to 4 grains per
cubic foot.
r.AlN.
Showers, and indeed heavy rains arc
liable to occur in every month of the year;
but the actual number of rains seems to an
eastern visitor strangely smalh The
average rainfall in Southern Arizona, as
shown by the Government observations, is
but 8 inches per year.
ALTITUDES.
It is a striking advantage offered by
Arizona that, with the same general con
ditions as to tcnlpbrature and dryness of
air, the physician is able to select nearly
any altitude he may desire. Thus, asth
matic sufferers can find almost the sea
level at Yuma, or an altitude of only a
thousand feet at Phoenix, or of only 2,400
at Tucson. Others, who lind no objection
to greater elevations, can choose between
Prescott or Fort Whipple, 5,400; Flag
staff, 6,S00,; the Sulphur Spring Valley, or
Fort Grant, 4,200; Fort Huachuca. 4,800,
or Oracle, about 4,000.
IS IT A PLACE FIT TO LIVE IN?
This depends on what one expects in a
huge, parscly settled Territory of mount.
aina and deserts. The man who looks for
either the beauty or the seductive excite
ment of Monte Carlo will not find it. As
J little will he find the historic remains or
the cosmopolitan attractions oi Egypt; nor
could he reasonable expect the amusqments
and luxuries of onr own Eastern cities. The
people of Arizona are still chiefly busy in
the pioneer work of subduing it to the
residence and uses of civilized man. But
it has two transcontinental lines of railway
with numerous feeders; it has fast mails
and rival telegraph lines, and is throbbing
with the intense life of the splendid West
The two principal towns inthe south
ern portion, chiefly sought for their climatic
advantages, are Phoenix and Tucson. Each
of them has ten thousand inhabitants or
more. They have the electric light, tele
phoned, trolley cars, plenty of hotels,
banks, bookstores, good schools, churches,
an occasional theatrical performance, some
times a lecture or , circus, often a horse
race, and, in the spring, a thoroughly
curious and interesting "fiesta," For the
cest, people must take their amusements
with them. Good horses are abundant
and cheap, and there are plenty of cow
boys the genuine article to show what
horses can do. The driving for fifteen or
twenty miles in almost any direction from
Phoenix, is nearly always easy. The roads
are apt to be dusty; but there is one well
sprinkled drive of six or eight miles; and
since the winds are quite regular in their
direction, it is rarely difficult to choose a
route op which the dust will be largely
carried away from you. The unbroken
desert itself is often as easy to drive over
as ah Eastern highway, and the whole
valley is a paradise for bicyclers, or equcs
trains.
CAN ONE LIVE COMFORTABLY?
That again depends on what you expect
Yon cannot have the luxuries of our New
York houses out there, unless you build
one; or the variety of our New York
markets, unless you charater a refrigerator
car. But there are hotels with almost as
much frontage as the Waldorf; and, like
everything else in the Territory excepting
the mountains and deserts, they are new.
There are boarding houses of more kinds
than one; and brick cottages of eight or
ten rooms can occasinally by rented. Bet
ter than any of them, for the man with the
energy and the pluck to take it, is to tent
on the desert; and he who knows how to
"camp out" with comfort through Septem
ber in the Adirondacks can camp out in
Arizona through the winter.
As to food, there is plenty, and it is
good if you can get it well cooked. The
alfalfa fields of the Salt River Valley are
the fattening ground for the great cattle
ranges of the Territory. From there the
markets of Los Angeles and even of Denver
are largely supplied, Good beef, mutton
and poultry are plenty and cheap. Quail,
ducks and venison from the vicinity can
also be had. Vegetables dad fruits are
abundant iu their season, and sometimes
the season is a long one. It is the one
country I have lived in where strawberries
ripen in the open air ten months in the
year. I have had them on my table, fresh
picked from the open garden at Christmas
IS IT A LAWLESS COUNTRY?
The man who goe3 to any considerable
Arizona town with the idea of the South
west derived from novels, or from "The
Arizona Kicker," will be greatly mystified.
He will find as many churches as in towns
of corresponding size in Pennsylvania or
Ohio; and probably more schoolhouses He
will find plenty of liquor-3hops. too, and
gambling houses, and dancehouses, and yet
he will see little disorder unless he hunts
late at night for it, and he will bo apt to
find as at Photinix a community of ten
thousand people requiriug in the daytime
only one policeman, and hardly requiring
him. During my winter there I did not
see a single disturbance in the streets, or
half a dozen drunken men, all told. Min
ing men and an occasional cowboy certainly
had quarrels, sometimes, in the disorderly
quarters at night; and there were stories
of the use of the knife among Mexicans;
but the visitor who went about his own
business had as little trouble as on Board
way or Chestnut street. The Pima and
Maricopa Indians, who are encountered
everywhere, have been friendly with the
whites forjgenerations, and there isn't an
Apache within some hundreds of miles.
WHICH TOWN IS THe BEST?
Primarily that is a question for the phy
sician, if there is a physician in the case
if not, try them all. If a mountain region,
considerable altitude and a comparatively
low temperature is desired, Prescott is in
a picturesque region, near a great mining
districts, and has the social advantage of
an army post, Whipple Barracks. Flag
staff is still higher, is in a region of dense
pine forests, and is within a hard day's
journey of oric of the wonders of the world,
the Colorado Canyon. Oracle is a pretty
mountain nook, embowered in splendid
live oaks, like those of California, and is
also near an important mining district.
If lower altitude and a distinctly semi
tropical climate are desired, the three places
most likely to be considered are Yuma,
Tucson and Phoenix. The first is near the
sea level; is the wannest and probably the
driest of the three, has the least population,
and tho smallest provision for visitors.
Tucson is the oldest town in the Territory,
and, after Santa Fe, perhaps the oldest in
the Southwest. Its adobe houses give it a
Mexican look, and are thoroughly comfort
able. Its newer houses are of a handsome
building stone, found in the vicinity. The
Territorial University is here, and it was
formerly the capital. Its elevation being
more than double that of Phoenix, it is
somewhat cooler, and as there i3 next to no
irrigation near it, the air is a little drier.
Phoenix is the centre of the greatest irriga
tion in the Territory. The country for
miles around smiles with green fields, cover
ed with almost countless herds of cattle,
and it is everywhere shut in by low mount
ains. It is the Territorial capital, ha3 the
Government Indiau School, the Territorial
Lunatie Asylum, and other institutions,
and is the general focus for the Territory.
Like Tucson, it has its occasional wind and
sand storms perhaps not quite so often.
At either place visitors who know how to
adapt themselves to circumstances can be
entirely comfortable, and in each they will
find an intelligent, orderly, enterprising and
most hospitable community. They will
find a country full of mines, f nil of rich
agricultural lauds, abounding in cattle and
horses, in vineyards and orchards and the
beginnings of very successful orange groves
a country, in fact, as full of promise for
hardy and adventurous men now as Califor
nia was in the;fifties. AboVe all, it has
been their lot to search for health in far
countries, they will revel in the luxury of
being in their own land among their own
countrymen, within easy reach of their
friends by telegrapn or rail, and in a climate
as good of its kind as any in the world.
VILLAGE ORDINANCE, NO. 58.
Resolved, that the Mayor of the Village
of Yuma be and he hereby ia instructed in
due form; to execute and in all tilings carry
out and perform the matters and things
agreed to by said Village in the following
agreement, to wit:
Agreement between the Village of Yuma,
one party, and the South West Improvement
Company the other party, made this 22nd,
day of December, 1896.
Witnesseth ? That for and in considera
tion of one dollar to said first party in hand
paid by the second party, the receipt where
of i3 hereby acknowledged, and for the
further consideration of the mutual benefit
to be derived therefrom, said first party
agrees.
That the privileges granted said second
party in Ordinance No. 49, as amended by
Ordinance No. 50, be and the same is here
by extended for the space of one year;
That the privileges granted in Ordinance
50 be likewise extended for the space oi one
year.
That the pnvileges granted by Ordinance
51, be extended likewise for the space of
one yearv Tho true meaning and inteat
hereof being, that the said Ordinances take
effect as though dated one year subsequent
to their real date.
In Witness Whereof the said parties
have hereunto set their hands and seals on
the day and year first hereinabove written.
Village of Yuma.
.... R. J. Duncan, Mayor.
Attest: J. H. Carpenter, Village Clerk.
C. D. Baker.
For South West Improvement Company.
This Ord'""" shall take sffenfc from
and after its passage and publication as
proviueu Dyiaw.
Village of Yuma,
R. J. Duncan, Mayor.
Attest J. H. Carpenter, Village Clerk
Equitable
Life Assurance
Society
TP THE UNITED STATES.
January 1, 1895.
Assets . $ S 85,440,3 1 0
Reserve Fund
(4$ Standard.) (
AND ALL OTHER
Liabilities .... J
Surplus, 4 per cent. . ..$37,479,808
Surplus, 3$ Standard, 27,25S,765
Outstanding As
surance $913,556,733
In. the above Statement of Outstanding
Assurance, Instalment Policies issued during
1894, and previous thereto, have been re
duced to their commuted value.
New Assuranco Applied
for $256,552,736
Amount Declined 39,436,748
New Assurance written. $217,1 15,988
HENRY B. HYDE, Pres
J. W. ALEXANDER,
Vice President-
T ANTED: Several trustworthy ceDtlemen
y Y or ladies to travel in Arizona for estab
lished reliable housu. Salary S7S0 and expenses
Steady position. Enclose reference and self ad
dressed stamped envelope. The Dominion Com
pany, Third Floor, Omaha Building, Chicago. 111.
WANTED SEVERAL FAITHFUL MEN OR
woman to trarel for responsible established
house in Arizona. Salary $7S0, payable S15 weekly
and expenses. Position permanent. Refereccc.
Enclose self-addressed stamped envelope. The Na
tional, Star Building, Chicago.
Wanted fln Idea
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neys, Washington, D. a. for their $1,800. prieo otter
and list ot two hundred Inventions wanted.
Notice of Forfeiture.
TO Geo. T. Martin: You are hereby netiSed that
we have expended one hundred dollars in labor
and improvements upon the "Radiant Mine," locat
ed in Castle Dome Mining District and now known
as the Mofiatt Mining District, County of
Yuma, Territory of Arizona, durinjr the
year 1S96 as will appear by certificate
filed on the 26th day of Feb. 1S90, at 10 a. m.
in the office of the Recorder of said county, in or
der to hold said claim, under the provisions of sec
tion 2324, Revised Statutes of the United States,
being the amount required to hold the same for the
year ending Dec. 31st, 1S9C. And if within ninety
days after the publication of this netice, you fail
or refuse to contribute your proportion of such
expenditure as co-ownei, your interest in saii
claim will become the property of the subscribers,
under said section.
CEO. W. NORTON.
CHRIS. HORERi
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OKDIXaXCE DUMBER 59.
Be it ordained by the Mayor and Com
mon Council of the village of Yuma3 es
fellows, to-wit:
"Whereas, On the 2nd day of December,
A. D. 1892, thia village corporation, passed
Ordinance Number Sixteen (16, under the
terms of which Ordinance, certain Lots and
Blocks bordering on Orange Avenue, ia
said village of Yuma, were conveyed to a
commission by said village, which said com
mission consisted of P. L. Ewing, I. Levy
and W. T. Heffernan, representing the said
village of Ynma, for the purposes of a cer
tain contract, by and between said village,
with Hiram W. Blaisdell;
And whereas, on the Sth day of October,
A. D. 1896, the District Court ef the Third
Judicial District of the Territory of Arizona,
in and for the County of Yuma, did render
judgment, which said judgment is upon
record, in the office of the Clerk of said
Court, declaring that the actions of said
commission so established as aforesaid, are
null and void;
And whereas; said Hiram W. Blaisdell
has expended upon the improvement of said
Orange Avenue, mentioned in said Ordi
nance, the sum of three thousand, eight
hundred and fifty-three dollars and sixtyr
two cents (S3.S53.62) net above receipts;
And whereas, said Hiram W. Blaisdell
has fully complied in all respects with tho
terms of said Ordinance Number sixteen
(16), in so far as his obligations thereunder
are concerned;
And whereas, in carrying out the equity
of said Ordinance Number sixteen (16), the
village of Yuma, by its Council does hereby
Ordain;
That the Mayer of this village be in
structed to convey by good and sufficient
deed the following described village lota.
being lots embraced in said Ordinance
Number sixteen (16), to Hiram W. Blaisdel
as follows, ts-wit; .
Lots Number one (1). eleven nil .anrl
twelve (12) in block number one hundred and
sixteen (116); lots numbers one (1), Two (2),
three (3). four (4), seven (7), eight (8), nine
(9), ten (10), and eleven (11), in block nnm
ber one hundred and seventeen (117); Lots
number four (4), five (5), six (6), in Mock
number one hundred and eighteen (118);
Lots numbers one (1), two (2), three (3),
four (4), five (5), and six (6), in blocks num
ber one hundred ana thirty three (133):
Lots number seven (7), eight (8), nine (9),
ten (10), eleven (11), and twelve (12). in
block number one hundred and thirty-four
(13-1); Lots numbers seven (7), eight (S),
nine (9), ten (10), and eleven (11), and
twelve )12), in block numbered one hundred
and forty-eight (14S); Lots number one (1),
two (2), threeC33,'four(.43, five (5j,and six
CCD, in block number one hundred and forty-
nine 1 149 3; Lots number one tIJ, two (25,
three C3"), and four f4J, in block numbered
one hundred and sixty -four (1643; and lota
numbered five, ( 5,0 six C6 ), seven C7(); and
eight (S), in block numbered one hundred
and sixty-five C1657, as per the official
Map of said village; White's survey;
That said deed shall be made and
is Ordained to be made, subject to the
terms oi ine agreement of this date entered
into bv and befcwcsn t.Tin V?lli f vnmi
and said Hiram W. Blaisl!.
agreement is referred to in this Ordinance.
approved tnis 30th day of December, At
D. 1896.
K. J. Duncan.
Mayor of the Village of Yuma;
ttest; .
J. H; Carpenter, Village Recorder.
9 IKVO-ff i