Arizona Sentinel.
WEDNESDAY, NOV. 11, 1908.
THIS PfiPER XkeId-
VET1SING AGEN Y, INC., 427 South
Main St.. IvOs Angeles, anil 779 Market
St., San Francisco, where contracts for
advertising can be made for it-
THE YUMA IRRIGATION 0AM
their water above these gates
y
(BY DAY ALLEN 1VILLEY IN SCI
ENTIFIC AMERICAN)
Within the next year, one of
the most notable projects con
nected with the reclamation of
arid hinds in the Southwest will
probably be entirely completed.
While the work hicludes the
storage of water on a large scale
and its distribution by means of
irrigating canals, the extraordi
nary difficulties encountered by
the engideers in building the
necessary dam and in restraining
the rivers in the vicinity, have
made the undertaking unique
among the irrigation enterprises.
In a recent issue, a feature of
the Yuma project as it is termed
was described in the extensive
levee work required to confine
the channels of the Gila and the
Colorado rivers during high
water, to prevent the reservoirs
a'nd cauals from overflowing dur
ing ileods, also to check the
movement of sediment carried in
such enormous .quantities when
the streams are at high-water
mark. The formation of the eng
bankments by means of abatis
iniide from vounir trees arid
bruahwood holding the earth eng
bankments, also the jetty system
for rfttardinir the liow of the
water, were detailed and illustra
ted. Another problem necessary
to be solved, however, was how
to create a permanent reservoir
of sufneent size for irrigation
purposes, strong enough to re
sist flood action, and so construct
ed that it would not be shallowed
or filled with the sediment. The
great variation of the Ydlume of
water in the Colorado and the
depth of the mud and other de
t.ritus on its bottom above the
rock strata added to the difncul
tv. A dam .across the river was
essential, but the question was
how to build it so that it would
not be washed out, or at least
partly demolished. Could it be
erected on a solid foundation, and
could its ends be securely anchor
ed to the formation on eitherside?
Preliminary surveys for the
general project were made early
in 1904. Several different ioca
tions were also examined to de
termine the best place for this
structure and a search was made
for bedrock with diamond-ore
drilling machinery, at all possi
ble dam sites between Yuma and
Picacho. As a result of these ex
plorations, the Laguna weir site
was selected as the most desira
ble one for the construction of a
weir to serve the lard? near
Yuma, a high dam and high-line
canal being considered impossi
ble. The type of weir selected is
one that has been tried during
the last fifty years at numerous
places in India and Egypt under
similar conditions, three dams
having been constructed on the
Nile river within the past fifteen
years, on practically this same
plan, all halng served their pur
pose efficiently and being in op
eration today. This type of weir
consists of .a loose rock structure
with a paving of stones 11 feet in
thickness on the downstream
slope, the structure being tied to
gether with three parallel walls
of steel and concrete ran longi
tudinally between the granite
abutments on the two sides of
the river, the entire structure be
ing further made secure by an
apron of loose rock pitching ten
feet in thickness and fifty feet in
width at the lower toe of the dam
below the sloping pavement.
The height of this weir was to
be 19 feet above low water, and
the slope of the downstream side
12 feet horizontal te 1 foot verti
cal, with 50-foot apron below.
The design called for the upper
core wall of concrete to rest up
on a rew of sheet piling driven
into the bed of the river.
The handling of the silt of the
Colorado is one of the most uifii
oalt features of this undertaking.
It is known that its amount is
very large. The river is on a
grade of approximately one foot
to the mile above the liaguua.
foot vertical on the water side, it
feet wide on top, and
built five feet aboye 'the highest
water marks of the year 1903.
These levees are 4,000 feet apart
(one on each side) along the Col
orado river, and 3,200 feet apart
along the Gila river.
Because the lands are so flat,
and the level of the water in the
ground so' near the surface,
e
e
r
7
lr-
e
r
s
e
weir site, so that this weir will
make a settliug basin of relative
ly quiet water approximately ten
miles in length above it. At each
end of the Weir, and constructed
in solid granite rock, is a sluice
way 200 feet wide excavated to
the depth of low water in the
river. These sluiceways are
closed by large gates operated
i-nT It irrlrimlip. mn f.hi nor v. The di-
i r ...... i.: . ,rrno f.nncu orof tIPf'.PSS 11 V. J.V.U
version canais ior irnguLiuii luiiu1lvw wno..
their permanent saie irngttuuu
Ivr n flrsiinncrfl SVStem. A
main drainage canal has been de
signed to run through the cen
tral portion of the areas to be
irrigated, and when possible tn
uatural drainage lines of th
country have been utilized, de,ep
ening them with a stream dredge
to such depth that they will can
off the water returning from
rigation or seeping through th
Ipvpps durinir the high-wiite
stncrnof t.he river. "When land
CD
in nnv district tend to becom
alkaline they may be connected,
by means of local drainage ca
nals, with this main drain, and
in this manner they can be kept
free from alkali by holding down
the level of the gronnd water
During the greater portion of th
year, when the river is low, this
drainage water is discharged in
to the stream; but when the river
is in flood, its elevation is such
as to prevent the discharge into
it from the drains. A pumping
plant has, therefore, been de
signed to lift the drainage water
from the levees during the flood
period of the river to prevent
the lands becoming waterlogged
The total cost of the worki
will be about 83,000,000, but they
will irrigate 100,000 acres all told
by means of 26 miles of main ca
nals and 138 miles of laterals
The most interesting feature
however, from an engineering
point, of view is tne successful
control of a stream whose volume
nf water mav rise and fall to the
extent of thirty feet in .a week
fiowing through a channel of soft
silt which it has been accumula
ting for centuries.
from the sides of the sluiceways.
The srea of the sluiceways being
so great, the water movement
toward the canal is slow, and
mostrof the sediment is deposited.
It is estimated that the capacity
of the sluice gates will be ap
proximately 20,000 cubic feet per
second each. This great volume
of water passing through the
sluiceways when the gates are
open, will carry out with the sed
iment deposited above the intake
of the canals. The ordinary low-
stage flow of the Colorado river
is from 3,000 to 4,000 cubic feet
per second.so the capacity of each
of these sluiceways will be about
five times the low-water flow of
the river. The figures are given
for purposes of comparison only.
As the result of a number of
experiments, it has been found
that the principal quantity of silt
is carried along near the bottom
of the river, and that the surface
water is relative free from sedi
ment. Io was jDlanned, therefore,
to take the water into the canals
by a skimming process over a
long row of flash-boards, so that
the entire capacity of the canal
can be furnished by drawing but
one foot in depth of water from
the surface of the river. As a
still further precaution, it was
decided to construct the first 3,000
feet of canal on each side of the
river of such size that the move
ment of water through it will be
slower than one foot per second.
These settling basins, as they are
called, will be either excavated
from granite, or, where the sec
tion is in earth, they will be
paved. At the lower end of the
settling basins, gates were plan
ned to discharge into the river,
so that the water could be drawn
to the level of the stream.
The headworks as designed are
of rock, concrete, or steel, with
the exception of the sheet piling
which is driven entirely below
the water level, and so will not
decay. Every portion of the weir
is of what is known as peaman-
ent construction.
While the Laguna dam is 4,780
feet, or nearly a mile, in length,
ts width is especially noticeable,
the maximum dimension being
no less than 272 feet, although
the height as stated is but 19 feet.
These proportions are necessary,
however, because of the great
force of the flood current, and to
prevent the water from forcing
its way beneath the dam and thus
undermining it.'
The capacity of the canals at
their intakes is 3,200 cubic feeb
per second on the Arizona side,
and 200 cubic feet per second on
the California side. The amount
of the silt that would be daily de
livered into the Arizona canal, if
diversion were made directly
from the structure, would ap
proximate 17,000 cubic yards of
wet. mud by volume.
Careiul study was made of the
existing canals in the vicinity of
Yuma and Imperial, to determine
the shape that they naturally as
sume, and the roughness of the
bottom and sides, which tends to
retard the velocity. Based upon
these data, the new canals have
been so designed as to carry
water at a higher velocity
throughout than will be found in
the settlinsr basins above their
heads and. at such velocity as will
permit of a minimum loss by
seepage and evoporation. The
gates and droops of these canals
and the Yuma bridges are steel
"concrete structures. One of the
most difficult problems in con
nection with this project was the
crossing of the Gila river. It was
considered necessary to make this
perfectly safe, and for this pur
pose a structure was designed
that crossed beneath the bed of
the river the top several feet
below the lowest- point of the
stream hed. The strueture is of
steel and concrete, and some
3;000 feet in length.
The shape of levee adopted was
one that has been developed by
years of experience along the
Mississippi river. It has a slope
of three i'eet horizontal to one
PRISON LIFE IN
, CALIFORNIA PRISONS
"Crime, Punishment and Re
form" is the title of a lecture by
Col. Griffith J. Griffith of Los
Angeles, who because of a deed
done when intoxicated, served
two years in the penitentiary at
San Quentin. He was a model
nrisoner. He was inexpressibly
i -
shocked at the cruelties of our
prison life. Soon after his con
viction, he resolved to devote his
ample means and talent to work
in up a reform in the treatment
of prisoners, and he is doing it
"Wnt-roit.hstnndinfi' his term in
prison, he has receiveu a reeog
nition in influential quarters. He
appeared before the late legisla
ture and his lecture ust received,
was delivered in Calvary Pres
byterian church in San Prancis-
on whprft mpn and women of
prominence welcomed him. tol
lowing are a fews paragraphs
from it: '
Within the state prison walls
of Polsom and San Quentin are
some hardened,naturally bad and
desperate men, but the great ma
ionty are not bad men. The aver
age prisoner is not so radically
wicked as he is pitifully iwealr.
"T clonfc in room A. with 48
others for 14 months, right over
the dungeon, where most of the
torturinsr is done. Hundreds of
times I heard pitiful cries for
mercy, followed by human moans
and groans. My heart was sick
many times, yet I was helpless
See what I have seen and hear
what I have heard, and you, too
would be moved to action.
"A great majority of these
men, having long been fed on
prison slops, are physically run
down, leave San Quentin with fco
the. hodv in the
auu tn w it. w -j - v
shape of a suit of clothes cost'm
2.95, which every policeman and
detective knows. If there be a
.-rwn tttKoh -.in unfortunate man
V uv-n tv..
needs a helping hand, it is then
He was not allowed to see a state
newspaper in prison, consequent
lv ho does not know where to
turn to look for work, and that
S3 is not going to last very long
Organized society takes him awa
from his vocation and family ties
.nln.vps him to the state of Cali
forma for a term of years, and i
justice, ought not that man be
introduced back to society attnc
expense of the state, by securing
"for him a iob through her pro
Each of the chief or
gans of the body is a
link in the Chain of
Life. A chain is no
stronger than its
weakest link, the body
no stronger than its
weakest organ. If there is weakness of stomach, liver or lungs, mere is a
weak link in the chain of life which may snap at any time. Often this so-called
11 weakness" is caused by lack of nutrition, the result of weakness or disease
of the stpmach and other organs of digestion and nutrition. Diseases and
weaknesses of the stomach and its allied organs are cured by the use ot ur.
Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery. When the weak or diseased stomach is
cured, diseases of other organs which seem remote from the stomach but wnicn
have their origin in a diseased condition oi tne sromacn anu
other organs of digestion and nutrition, are cured also.
The strong man has a strong stomach.
Take the above recommended "Discov
ery' " and you may have a strong stom
ach and a strong body.
Given Away. Dr. Pierce's Common Sense Medical Adviser,
new revised.Edition, is sent free on receipt of stamps to.pay
expense of mailing only. Send 21 one-cent stamps for the
book in paper covers, or 31 stamps for the cloth-bound vol--ume.
Address Dr. R; V. Pierce, Buffalo, N. Y.
m Election
. CANDIDATES
Dklegate to Coxguuss
Ralph H. Cameron, K
M. a. Smith. D...
Joseph D. cannon, S
Councilman
Donald Mclntyre, R
George W. Norton, D
John A. Mellon, S
Rephes entative
Louis B. Carr. R
It. A. Hightower, D
J. H- Morton, S
Alexander E. MacBeath.' 11 j'oo
(Jus Livingston, D
Ed. L. Crane, S
TtfEASUrfKIt' ,
Lewis W. Alexander.. R...
George Michelsen, D
J. P. Yemen, S
Rbcokukk
James M. Polhamus. R
J. M. Alvarado, Jr., D
John Noble. S
DISTRICT ATTOHNEY
Thomas D Molloy, R
V. F. Timmons, D
Fred L. Ingraham, S
PnoBATE Judge
Joseph H. Godfrey, R
D. Li. DeV.ane, D
Bert L. Nunnaley, S
WO, Ir
48 J
Supervisors
John M. Speese. R.
I Warren W. Woodman. R.
J. H. Shanssey. D
W- E. Marvin. D
George L. Ricks. S
Robert D'Luce, S
Surveyor
Henry C- Johnson, R
Jasper Parvih. D
Robert L. Morton, S
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I ) I i
bation officers? I ask not favor,
but fair play, for these helpless
men. Does not the Bible say,
'Open thy mouth and plead tne
cause of the poor and needy.'
Proverbs 31-9. -
"lam deeply in earnest aout
these r.eforms,and my.knowledge
comes from experience, and' is
ample and. .profound. I am not
discussing these matters for
either wealth or notoriety I
have both."
FUN IN THE HOME.
The home should be made the
jolllest place on earth for the
children. Don't be afraid ot a
ittlefun at the family fireside.
Don't let the boys think that all
mirth and social enjoyment is
barred from the borne, if you wish
to keep them away from places
that lead to vice and degradation.
Young people must have fun and
relaxation somewhere, and if
they do not find it in their home,
thev will seek at other and less
desirable places. Parents should
ot repress the buoyant spirits
of their children, but join in their
merriment around the home lire-
side. The children will lose none
of their respect for their father
jr mother if they occasionally
oosen their "dignity" and take
part in the ch-ldren's iun ana
nort. An evening's romp and
play with the young folks-will
drive dull care away and dispel
the memory of many an annoy
ance of the day. Have fun at
ome.
The New Legislature.
Complete returns from the entire
Territory show that the democrats will
he in absolute control of both houses
of the Territorial Legislature.
The personnel of the Legislature will
be as follows:
t . i, . I lomnnMii: 0 ln.ntl hi WA11S
Assembly Democrats 14, Republi
cans' 10.
The personnel of the Council will be
as follows:
Apache S. E. Day, Republican.
Mohave Keen St. Charles,l)emocrat
Coconino Fred Breen, icepublican.
Yavatmi M. (i. Burns. Democrat
Navajo. William" Morgan, Democrat
Maricopa Brady O'Neill, Democrat.
Pin!il Thomas F. Weedin Democrat.
Yuma Geo. V. Norton. Democrat.
Gila Q. K. P. Hunt, Democrat.
Graham -I. R. Hampton, Democrat
Cochise C. L. Caven, Republican.
Pima-Snnt:i Cru.J. B. Kinley, Dem.
In the Assembly a partial list of the
members is as follows:
- Mohave S. W. Tobey, Democrat.
Navajo Joseph Petersen, Democrat.
Yuma R. A. Hiffhtower, Democrat.
Gila John McCormick, Democrat.
Pinal G. L. Shaw, Republican. .
Graham W. W. Pace. Democrat.
Santa Cruz F. .1. Duffy, Democrat.
Maricopa S. T. Webb,-Demecrat;
Fran! DeSouza, Democrat,
Pima John Doan, Pep.; K. Moore,
Rep,; G. Hogwotrt, Dem., or Hill, Rep.
Yavapai G. A. Bray, Rep.; Perry
Hall, Dem.; G. D. Moore, Dem.
Attorney Wupperman returned from
Phoenix this morning, to find that
during his absence he had become the
papa of a brand new bouncing baby
boy. Everybody well and happy.
COFFEE
Schilling's Best is a business-like
name; you know
what it means; and it
means what you want.
Your grocer returns your raonc7 if yon doa'ft
tike it; v.c pay him.
Don't forget the Music Recital of
Professor Weber's pupils at t.he Yuma
Theatre Wednesday night, November
18. Grand ball after the recital.
FOR
RENT
A new fireproof store
room, corner of Second
street and Madison Ave.
Inquire at this office.
to JiOat.
Restaurant
First and Main
Meals 25 cents and Dp,
Everything new. Private rooms.
SANGUINETTI BUILDING
Easlsidoof Main St.
CHAU t YOUNG, . Proprietors
THERE'S NOTHING
MORE DE
LICIOUS THAN
BARKLEY'S
BEN-HUR
COFFEE.
Never sold in bulk, but put hot in air
tight, tins direct from the roaster,
thereby prcserTiiif,' the rich aroina and
high flavoring
The people of Yuma have
access to an acknowledg
edStandard, world-wide
advertised Shoe, at the
price that it is sold at
where it is Made.
Wo L0 Douglas
in all styles and all leath
ers; high cut and low cut;
all sizes and all widths,
and the one price of
$3.50 per pair
7 - Can be found at
i
E. F. SANQUINETTI'S .
MODERN DEPARTMENT STORE.
Special Attention to flail Orders. --.
DeMUND & WllLLAWlS -. PROPRIETORS
1 Uum&
1 MOTIO
dmission
ubeatre
Thursday and Friday nights
Vaudeville Sketch.
and entire change of pictures.
Admission 10. 15 and 20 cents.
LATEST MINING- LOCA
TION BLANKS AT THE
SENTINEL OFFICE.
Saturday niftht Bijr Dance.
Wednesday, Nov. 18 Music Recital by
Prof. Weber's pupils Dance follows.
Nov. 20 "The Devil."
Everything New New Music, New Machine. New .
Pictures; New Singer.
- 10 and 15 Cetats
First Performance 7:30
REAL ESTATE
LOANS
INSURANCE
GENERAL
AGENTS
Entablished in 1899
Incorporated 1906
Abstracts of Title
to all Lands, Town
Lots, Mines and
Canals in Yuma County,
YUMA, ARIZONA I
' 11 ir' ,I,M v
LOOK OVER YOUR HARNESS
CAREFULLY.
If it isn't all you want it to be come
in and see our harness styles, strength,
workmanship and values. There's m
compulsion even insistence about
buying. lf you're pleased with mate
rial and prices of course you'll find it;
to vour interest, to hnv without; nnV
urging or even asking you. Come in.
JOHNSON & BOWLES
PHONE 62
Notice to Creditors.'
Estate of Adele Priest. Deceased. 1
Notice is hereby given by the under- '
signed, Ward Priest, and liaymond M j
Priest, Executors of the I iast Will and ,
Testament of Adele Priest, deceased, to !
the creditors of and all persons having
claims against the said deeeast-d, to ex- j
hibit them, with the necessary vouchers I
within ten months after the first publi-!
cation of this notice to the said Execu
tors at the office of Thomas I). Molloy,
Madison Avenue, Yuma, Arizona, the
same being the place for the transaction
of the business of said estate, in said
County of Yuma. i
Ward Priest,
Raymond M. Priest,
Executors of the Last Will and Testa
ment of Adele Priest, Deceased.
Dated Yuma, Arizona, this l(Hh day
of October, 190S. 14-4t
Red Ribbon Beer is the Rest. At
Alexander & . Co., the Dp-To-Date
Grocer.
iAISES ALL DOUBTS
18
AS TO ITS
PURITY
BARKLO'S
BEN-HUR
STRICTLY
PURE
BAKING
POWDER
Is made from pure cream of tarter
(derived from California grapes) and
highest grade bi-carbonateof soda; con
tains no alum or phosphate of lime.
IfM.U.IHUHJll'.gllf.'JLIl'liH.ilMl I m
LATEST MINING LOCA
TION BLANKS AT TEE
SENTINEL OFFICE.