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PAGE TWO ARIZONA SUN xHE VOICJE OF 60,000 NEGROES IN ARIZONA Published Every Thursday by the ARIZONA SUN PUBLISHING CO., INC. ’ 1927 South Central Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona PHONE AL 3-3682 Subscription Rates 10c Per Copy 53.00 Per Year Six Months- $1.75 Three Months . . sl.ov fCT Cents to Mail Overseas All Inquiries concerning advertising rates should be secured f at the above address D. F. Fredonia Benson - Assistant Editor Registered'as Second class matter July 2, 1948, at the Postoffice at Phoenix, Arizona, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Big Things and Little Things f Here is a sound rule-of-thumb that every householder can profitably follow: If your ,fire insurance has been in effect for a /number of years without review or revision, it’s an odds on bet that you are seriously under-insured. Since 1945, the statistics show, the cost of home building has just about doubled. So, if your home fire insurance policy dates back to that or some comparable time, you can imagine what could happen to your pocketbook if fire strikes. What is true of the home itself is true of practically every thing inside of it. For instance, the cost of household furniture, women’s clothing and dinnerware—items found in every home — has more than doubled since 1940. The cost of washing and sewing machines has almost doubled. A similar inflation in the cost of the “little things,” like book and bedding and curtains and so on has taken place. These “little things” add up to a surprisingly big total when an accurate inventory is made. The remedy is for every householder to consult his local insur ance agent and bring his coverage up to date. In many cases the householder will find, to his pleasure, that adequate insurance may not cost him much more with a new combined or single policy than he is now paying for inadequate insurance through two or more separate policies. (Shreveport Sun) The Post Office Problem The financial problems of the post office department have been in the headlines. The Postmaster General had to go to Congress for a $47 million deficiency appropriation to carry the department through this fiscal year, and he estimates that, unless rates are raised, the deficit in the next fiscal year will reach $651 million. Writing of post office troubles in the New York Times, Jay Walz points out that Congress has this broad problem on its hands —should it treat the post office as a business or as a public service? Mr. Walz adds: “If it is business, then postage charges should be raised until the post office can pay its own way But just recently a Senate advisory committee turned in a report saying the post office is mainly a public service and its deficits are, therefore, not deficits at all, but expenses to be absorbed from taxes.” This “public service” argument may have validity when i,t comes to carrying matter which contributes to public knowledge and entertainment, and which is not in direct competition with existing private business. But it has no validity in the case of at least one service—parcel post. Parcel post is not a basic postal service function—it did not come into existence until 1913. The law creating it specified that it should be self sustaining and that it should not unnecessarily compete with private parcel or express organizations. But the fact is that it is in direct competition with such organizations, on a tax-suhsidjzed basis—and that during much or most of its life it has operated at a deficit. Here is one place, at least, where the charges for a post office service should fully reflect and cover all the direct and indirect costs of providing that service. ~let IMS SUN SHINE IN YOUR HOME If your neighborhood is not serviced by an Arizona Sun news boy, just step around the corner to the nearest newsstand. Here is a list of stands for your convenience: Rosner Pharmacy 901 East Jefferson Street Norman's Pharmacy 1402 East Washington Street Reddy's Corner 1602 East Jefferson Street Lee Jew Market 1503 East Washington Jim’s Food Market 1110 East Washington Southern Drug Store 624 South 7th Avenue Broadway Pharmacy 1608 East Broadway Nelson’s Grocery 2803 East Broadway EDITORIAL PAGE ARIZONA SUN flo Comment / By James W. Douthat. Editors Note: “No Comment,” should not be regarded as nec essarily reflective of National Association of Manufacturers po sition or policy, for it is a re porting of incidents and conver sations which its author, Ass’st. Vice President Government Re lations Division thinks might be of general interest. WASHINGTON—The most im portant development in the great economy drive is action of the United States Slenate in matching the House effort to cut the $71.8 billion budget. In the past the House fre quently has cut hundreds of mil lions from appropriations re quests, only to watch the Senate restore the cuts or even increase the total. Thus, over the years, the Sen ate has had a reputation of sup porting the big spenders in gov erment. But this year it seems that leadership of the Senate—back ed by the membership—has em barked on a different course. The aim is to support appro priation reductions made by the House. The first test came on passage of the Treasury-Post Office ap propriation bill, which totals over $3.9 billion. The Senate agreed to the House reduction of SBO million under president budget requests. POSTAL SERVICE MAY BE CUT—Because it contains ap propriations to pay interest on the government debt, and to run the Post Office, the Treasury- Post Office appropriation bill usually is the most difficult of all budget proposals for Congress to cut. In upholding a House reduc tion of SSB million in the Post Office fund Congress may be inviting a reduction in postal services. Postmaster - General Summerfield has said this would be the case. But Senate economy-bloc lead ers took the position that the Post Office Department should make every effort to absorb the reductions—and the question of more money to avoid service cuts will be taken up later. OTHER SENATE BILLS—Oth- • er big appropriation bills will be coming before the Senate in the next few weeks. Whether President Eis en - hower’s defense of his budget will have the effect of stemming the economy drive is uncertain. But economy leaders believe that this will not result if pro test against extravagant govern ment spending continues. POLITICAL RECRIMINATIONS —Some effort has been made to make political capital out of thle budget this appears at this time to have fallen flat. It is a fact that both Demo crats and Republicans are among the leaders in Congress in the fight to cut the Eisenhower bud get. It also is true that both parties contain adherents of the spend-tax-elect school. Congress—in the opinion of such economy leaders as Sen. Bridges—is responding to a gen (Continued on page 6) FACING THE FACTS W. A. Robinson Back in 1926 a group of Negro women representing Parent Teacher Associations in Negro' schools in Alabama, Georgia, Delaware, and Florida met to gether and organized the Na tional Congress of Colored Par ents and Teachers. In some twenty states of the Union the National Congress of Parents and Teachers was a , “white” organization that was doing a job for white schools that was needed even more in the Negro schools. The Negro , communities were forced by cir cumstances to tax themselves voluntarily, over and above the public school taxes which both whites and Negroes paid, if the schools for Negro children were to have even a few of the edu cational facilities which the schools for white children re ceived from tax funds. Such things as sanitary containers for drinking water—a necessity for teaching health habits, paper napkins to spread on the desks at lunch time, soap for hand washing, window shades to pro tect the children’s eyes from the glare of the sun, or even bigger things such as a well to be fitted with a pump, library books, paint to cover ugly walls, or a slide film projector, would be lacking in Negro schools unless the par ent organizations provided them. The Negro P.T.A.’s struggled along as individual local orga nizations for som'e years with out the help that could come from cooperating with like or ganizations with similar prob lems. Finally with the help of the Jeans Teachers state or ganization of Negro P.T.A.’s were formed. White P.T.A.S’ in the south belonged to the National Congress of Parents and Teach ers, which had been organized many years before, by a south ern woman in Georgia, but Ne gro P.T.A.’s could not join. There was no literature available to them except such of the N.C. P.T. manuals as individuals could get into their hands. So it was a rather momentous undertaking that these four state organizations of Negro P. T.A.’s faced in organizing a NA TIONAL Congress of Colored parents and teachers. I happen ed to be president that year of National Association of Teachers in Colored Schools (now the American Teachers Association). Negro teacher organizations in * the south could not belong to the N.E.A. hence the need for a national association of south ern Negro teachers. I received a letter that year from the presi dent of the newly organized N. C. C. P. T., Mrs. H. R. Butler of Atlanta asking if the organi zation might come into the fair ly strong and stable NA.T.CB. VETERANS NEWS Nearly 40 percent of the World War n GI life insurance policies now in force have been convert ed from term to permanent plans, Veterans Administration announced today. Ten years ago, the figure was 21 percent and five years ago 30 percent. Os. 5.4 million National Serv ice Life Insurance (NSLI) po licies in force at the end of Feb ruary 1957, more than 2.1 mil lion were of a permanent plan type, VA said. Most popular permanent plan THURSDAY, MAY 23, 1957 as a department. After thinking it over, I made a judgment of which I have always been happy and which the N.C.C.P.T. came soon to appreciate for they grew rapidly almost at once. I replied to Mrs. Butler that they didn’t need to be a tail on the kite of thte NATOS; they, could fly their own kite and go higher. They did come to Nashville to our meeting that year but they took my suggestion and organiz ed independently. Several other states joined them at that meet ing. The National Congress of Col ored Parents and Teachers be came a strong, well known, and highly respected organization to which the Negro public schools of the south owe a great deal for the help they received from it. As did the American Teachers Association and the N.E.A. the NCCPT and the NCPT formed are intergroup committee and in £he cases of both pairs of organizations these intergroup committees are being very use ful in merging the groups now that integration has been start ed. As states become integrated in the schools the teacher groups and the parent-teacher groups join the integrated national group. This week in Cincinnati the National Congress of Parents and Teachers is meeting. Re presentatives from Arizona are there and good ones. This will be a joint meeting of the two national groups and some of the states groups now with the NC CPT will join the NCPT. Many of the state organizations of the NCCPT however must wait until integration advances further in the south. Laws in the south like the adolescent ruling of the Georgia Board of Education that public school teachers and public school stu dents may not attend national > and regional meetings of in tegrated organizations, will pre vent Negro and white teachers and parents in some states from meeting together. These laws are being protest ed in some states by the more liberal whites and, I will pre dict, will be the first segrega tion laws to be carried to the courts by southern whites. The walls of separation be tween the white and Negro seg regated worlds are crumbling. This is just another example that segregation in America is on the way out. There are Negro teachers and parents in Phoenix who remem ber when Negro parents could not meet with the white parents. It is interesting to me to have seen the birth and the death of an important and very nec essary national organization. GI policy is the 20-pay life, held by 963,000 veterans. Next in order of popularity are ordinary life and 30-pay life, each held by more than 400,000 veterans. Endowment policies range from the 20-year endowment (145,000), down to endowment at age 65 (55,000). A total of 2,221 World War II veterans have paid-up policies on which no more premiums will be due, VA said. Permanent plan GI insurance (Continued on page 8)