Arizona sun. [volume], December 05, 1957, Page PAGE THREE, Image 3

About Arizona sun. [volume] (Phoenix, Ariz.) 1942-196?

Image provided by: Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records; Phoenix, AZ

                
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1957
FEDERAL TROOPS ORDERED OUT
OF LITTLE ROCK
LITTLE ROCK All federal
troops have been ordered out of
Little Rock by Army Secretary
Wilber Brucker, leaving the en
♦ forcement of school desegrega
tion there in the hands of the
Arkansas National Guard. The
, order came from Washington
effective, Nov. 27.
“Continuing stability” was the
reason given for withdrawing
the last 225 men of the 101st
Airborne Division who returned
to their base at Fort Campbell,
Ky.
Their departure leave 900
federalized national guardsmen
on duty to maintain order and
protect the nine Negro students
attending the • previously all
white school under federal court
% order. The situation at the
school has been relatively calm
for several weeks.
Major Gen. Edwin Walker,
commander of the Arkansas Mil
itary District, will be in com
mand of the 900 men of the
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RACISTS IN LITTLE ROCK GROW
STRONGER AS GOV’T RETREATS
By George Lav an.
t V
The situation in Litle Rock is
deteriorating.
The last act of the outgoing
“moderate” mayor and the city
council was to order the arrest
of Mrs. L. C. Bates and Rev. J.
C. Crenshaw, leaders of the Ar
kansas National Association for
the Advancement of Colored
People.
In the Nov. 5 elections the
White Citizens Council and sim
ilar racist organizations suc
ceeded in electing a member of
the city council. Moreover, the
other six candidates endorsed by
them nearly defeated the Good
Government slate, which before
the integration battle had been
expected by all observers to win
'153 Arkansas National Guard
unit who remain on duty at
the school.
ARIZONA SUN
without serious challenge;
On Nov. 12 Terrance Roberts
and Jeffprson Thomas, two of
the nine Negro students in Little
Rock’s Central High School,
were beaten by white classmates.
On Nov. 17 Governor Faubus,
who has shifted, equivocated
and doubletalked on the sub
ject of “compromise” with the
federal authorities, again took
a firm stand. According to an
Associated Prdlss dispatch, “Gov.
Orval E. Faubus said today the
desegregation deadlock in Little
Rock could only be resolved by
the voluntary withdrawal of the
nine Negro children from Cen
tral High School.”
All the above news items are
straws in the wind. The wind
that is currently blowing through
Little Rock is one of renewed
self-confidence and aggressive
ness on the part of the racists
and their hero, Gov. Faubus.
How has this situation come
about? Only two months ago na
tional and world indignation
forced Eisenhower to send troops
to little Rock. The racist bul
lies needed but ope brief skir
mish with the federal troops to
lose heart and slink back to
their holes. Shortly thereafter
efforts by them to provoke a
walkout of white students prov
ed a dismal flop.
But that was in the first few
weeks after the arrival of fed
eral troops. Now the tide has
turned. The racists have again
become emboldened. They are
gaining greater influence over
whites who stood aside from the
battle in front of the high school
two months ago .
Direct responsibility for this
ominous situation rests on the
federal government. The Eisen
hower administration, jarred
out of its no-enforcement at
titude on school desegregation
by the world-wide storm of
anger over Little Rock, sent fed
eral troops. Instead of following
through, the administration,
once the pressure of public opin
ion on it had eased, slumped
back into appeasing the South
ern white-supremacists. Its sole
effort has been to get the fed
eral troops out of Little Rock:
the original 1,000 troops sent on
Sept. 24 were halved on Oct. 14;
reduced to 225 on Nov. 6; now
all are to be withdrawn by Nov.
27, thus leaving protection of
the Negro students solely to the
federalized Arkansas National
Guard.
Withdrawal of the federal
troops would be of no great con
cern, if the situation had im
proved rather than deteriorated.
But the federal authorities back
tracked on taking the promised
steps to improve the atmosphere
—the exposure and bringing to
justice of the ringleaders of the
anti-Negro violence.
Here is the record of federal
retreats as chronicled by the
daily newspapers: “Another fed
eral judge was assigned to Little
Rock today as, the government
speeded preparations to indict
agitators in the Central High
School case” (N. Y. Times, Oct.
1) “One possible weapon still
unused by the White House is
the dossier of 400 to 500 pages
prepared by the FBI on racial
agitation in Little Rock— If
this file should lead in any pos
sible way into Gov. Faubus’ of
ficial family” (Oct 4, Christian
Science Monitor) —“the Elsen
hower administration intends to
destroy the core of racial agita
tion in Little Rock by prosecut
ing the ringleaders of the mobs
that tried to obstruct integra
tion at the high school” (N. Y.
Times, Oct. 6) . —“Although the
situation is quieting, thoughtful
civic leaders have no illusion
that the trouble Is over. They
feel it would be a tragic mistake
for federal troops to puff out
before the ringleaders of the
mob are punished. They warn
(Continued on page 6)
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PAGE THREE
IKE DRED SCOn STORY A CEN
TURY AFTER TOLD By YALE
LAW PROFESSOR
The political significance of
the Dred Scott case of 1857, giv
en in the current issue of Atlan
tic Monthly Magazine, is a well
detailed account of what the
writer terms the “most famous
—or notorious— in our judicial
history.”
The Supreme Court’s decision
in the case, written one hundred
years ago, by Chief Justice
Taney, “held that no Negro,
slave or free, Gould be a U. 6.
citizen had no standing to
sue in a federal court.”
Writer of the article is Fred
Roddell, author and profressor
of law at Yale University. His
latest book is “Nine Men,” a
political history of the U.S. Su
premje Court.
The Dred Scott V. Sanford
case brought the only Supreme
Court decision that helped bring
on a major war (The Civil War),
writes Mr. Roddell, and one of
only three decisions in the
Court’s history that was even
tually reserved— “not by the
Court itself, not even, legally
speaking, by war, but by an
amendment to the Constitution.
The author compares the de
cision of the Court with that of
the May, 1954, decision desegre
gating the public schools, as
“pinacles of political impor
tance” in the nation’s historty;
only “today it Is the North that
lauds the Court and the South
that dams.”
The political finangling be
hind the scenes of the decision,
according to the writer, includ
ed: (1) “the declared intent of
one Justice who was openly am
bitious for the Presidency to
turn his dissent into a stump
(Continued on page 6)
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PRESIDENT RESTING — Presi
dent Eisenhower made his first
public appearance since his ill
ness as he arrived for Thanks
giving services at the National
Presbyterian Church in Wash
ington, D.C. He motored to his
farm home at Gettysburg, Pa.,
for a quiet recuperation from
the mild stroke he had last week.