Rutland weekly herald. [volume], September 28, 1876, Page 3, Image 3

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THE RUTJLAN D WEEKLY HERALD, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBE it. 28, 1876
THE RUTLAND HERALD.
THURSDAY, SEPT. 28, 1876.
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM
The Nation says that those who believe
a radical reform ot our civil service evs-
tern ia the most pressing need of the na
tion, ougnt to prepare themselves for a
long campaign. The first thing to be
done, and the thing without which ev
erything else will be ot no avail, ia to
take away from a Congressman the con
trol of the Federal offices in his district
by which he expects to get and keep his
seat in Congress. To propose, says the
Nation, that Congressmen shall have no
control over these offices, is. by no
means, as Governor Hayes in his letter
of acceptance seems to consider it.to of
fer them a favor that they will eagerly
welcome ; it i9 to propose a "self deny
ing ordinance," which they will receive
about aa most of us would receive an in
vitation to sell all that we have and give
to the poor. But the Nation may take
encouragement from the bold, manly
speech of Mr. Walbridge A., Field, of
Boston, in accepting a nomination to
Congress from the third Massachusetts
district. We have seen nothing in any
speech or letter by any Congressm an,
which has the appearance of such genu
ine sincerity as this extract from Mr.
Field's speech : "If anything is to be
accomplished , in the direction of civil
service reform, he said, the first thing
to he done is to take the appointing pow
er from the member of Congress. You
cannot get on at all, in my judgement,
unit 9) you d ) that I do not mean to
take all power of giving information or
of transmitting information or of giv
ing advice, if tasked for, to the proper
appointing officers. Your members of
Congress as a rule, will not give up that
power unless their constituents compel
them. They will not do it. All men
love power, whether for their own sake
or ret. AH men love the reputation of
power, however they u?e it. Besides,
too, it has got to be a popular notion
that ihe ability and efficiency of a Hep
res intMtive depends not upon his fidelity
and abilby iu promoting wise legislation,
but on his ability to secure in his favor
as mary apnointments as possible, and
any number of Congress who goes there
and abt tins from what I deem to be im
proper interferences with appointments,
will be pretty sure to be thought by a
goo 1 many persons in hia district, no
matter how faithful and able he may
have been in legislation, a somewhat in
capable at.d inefficient Representative.
If I should happen to be elected, and if
1 should happen to conform to this the
ory that I was to represent your opinion
and my own npnn the fitness of any per
son here for cftice, and leave the respon
sibility with the person charged by lnw
with the appointment to effice and go no
further, I hope, gentlemen, you will be
lieve that I am in favor of civil service
reform."
This we say is a bold and manly utter
ance. It means that Mr. Field, if elect
ed to C .ingress, as we sincerely hope, he
will act with reference to the most pres.
sing need of the nation, as he ha9 spoken
with some definitenes. It means that
he will tt tend to the appropriate duties
of Ins department and leave to the Ex
ecutive department of the government
its aotiroi ri ite duty of making appoint
ments to the civil service. It is a mat-
ter of siill furiher encouragement that
this sptecli was received with applause.
We trust that the applause meant that
Mr. Fields' constituents desire him to
act with the same definitences with which
he has spoken. Mr. Field is a native of
Springfield, Vt., a brother of Mr. Fred
O. Field, whohas represented that town
in the legislature. lie is a graduate of
Dartmouth College where he was distin
guished as a scholar. He is a lawyer of
muk-d ability, "a Republican, of the
Republican!!1," as he styles himself, tfnd
a man of the ncrvejto carry out the
views in regard to civil service reform to
which he has so distinctly committed
himfivlf.
choose," Accordingly five members of
that class have withdrawn from the col
lege. The most of these students are
from Baltimore. The responsibility for
this foolish exhibition of race feeling
rests with the promoters of that false
sentiment which still lingers in many
parts of the South. If the boys of the
South are to be indoctrinated in this
childish prejudice it will be a long time
before real peace and harmony will pre
vail. It is a bad time for those who en
tertain this feeling to force it upon the
attention of the public during a Presi
dential canvass. The action of these
students if approved by their parents or
guardiana will not have a tendency to
remove the southern question from this
campaign.
The lightning rod men are a bad lot.
The lawyers seem to be the only class of
people that are benefitted by their trans
actions. The Springfield Republican
saya that as the time for paying some of
the numerous notes given to certain
lightning-rod agents by their victims in
thia vicinity draws near, the . prospect
for litigation increases. One man in
this city to whom they offered to put up
rods in exchange for his old ones, ar.d
perhaps $50 to boot, will contest the
pigment of the bill for over $ 350 which
the "boot" finally amounted to. A wid
ow at East Longmeadow signed an in
surance policy by which the company
agreed to insure her against damage by
lightning for a term of years, nothing
said about rods. When the company's
men attempted, a lew Hours alter, to
put rods on her house, she ordered them
off the premises, and, in the presence of
witnesses, forbade them putting a rod
on her buildings. Notwithstanding,
they put on the rods, and the company
now eeeks to collect $100 for tho job.
These are but specimens of cases which
might be cited ad libitum, and the law
yers will probably reap a good harvest.
Mr. Ei.bridgb G. Spauldixg, of Buf
falo, N. Y., the father of the greenback
and National currency, has been nomi
nated for Congress. He is one of the
ablest financiers in the country. He has
always been in favor of a paper curren
cy redeemable in gold, but utterly hostile
to an irredeemable paper currency. A
correspondent of the Tribune has re
ported Mr. Spaulding as saying that the
resumption act of 1875 will restore spe
cie payments. The next congress, if Re
publican, he says could settle the ques
tion of resumption. The act of 1875
would carry the country to specie pay
ments. We hope the citizens of Buffa
lo will send this veteran financier to
Washington. Who will have readier wit
to restore the child to its golden heritage
than the father of the greenback?
THE HELL GATE BLAST.
Alter si ven years of preparation the
great. I ist at Hell CUte was successfully
lired Sunday afternoon. Gen.' Newton
received several protests against txplml
icg the mi-no on Sunday, but he aeted
1'rom tlie-bil'.est considerations of du'y,'
sv3 tie Ihonht. lie selected lk time
w hen t lie explosion would put the few
est lives iu jeopardy. He said that he
would not c responsible for keeping:
euch !i muss of explesivc-s in the neigh
borhood of Astoria, or anywhere tlw,
for one moment longer than was .neces
sary, aa en accidental crplorion when
none are prepared, for. it might-have
caused some terrible disasters. It was
estimated that ICO.OOO persons were out
in the rain to witness Ibe . '. 'explosion:
But its effect as an exhibition was dls-;
appointing. There vTas no gigantic con
cussion, no msgnificeut upheaval of
rock or water, but only a long,' low r ar
like distant thunder, a slight trembling
on the Long Island shore, . an up ward
chhU o spray, V aul one liVgii rutting
wave. The complete, effect of the ex
plosion upon the reef cannot be accu
rately estimated until an attempt is made
to clear away the rock.. - Bat the indica
tions now are that the most satisfactory
smce-.'S attended the culmination of
Gen. Newton'6 plans. ;'.';.; ; :
In the darkest days of the Revolu
tionary war, when the army was suffer
ing untold privations at Valley Forge,
the voice of Johnny Hook, a contract
or, was heard ciying "Beef! Beef!"
During our last war, when every loyal
man was aiding Ike government to the
extent of his ability, Samuel Jr Tilden
was not able to sign a call for a Union
meeting in the ci:y ef New York, but
yet he found time to write a long letter
to the Secretary of War in favor of the
prepared coffee manufactured by his
brother, which preparation, said Barauel,
had "all the nourishing and stimulating
properties of the coffee with the addition
of the nutritive element of the milk."
Glx. John Newton, who has had
charge of the Hell Gate improvements,
is a native of Virginia, and was gradu
ated at West Point in 1842. He was
second in his class, entered the engineer
corps, and was assistant engineer in the
construction of Fort Warren in 1840.
He constructed the defenses of Wash
ington, and took an active part in
the battles of South Mountain, An
tietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg,
siege ct Atlants, etc. His little daugh
ter applied the key which caused the
great explosion. 11 is praise is universal
in New York and elsewhere.
RACE PREJUDICE.
Princeton College has been thrown
into a state of excitement, by the with
drawal of certain, students because Dr.
McCosh admitted a : negro theological
student to bis college lectures. The
facta as stated by : the Trenton State
QazelU are briefly these : "For several
years the Theological Seminary has ad
mitted colored students on the same
terms a other students.'. Last year sev
eral of ths colored seminary students
desired to avail themselves of the . lec
tures on PyehoWgy delivered :by Dry
McCosh to trie junior; claaa in college.
They were uarmlessmoffenaive persons,
and as they occupied some of. the vacant
seats in the rear of the room ; fab notice
was ever taken of them by the students.
Thia year, however, "another 'colored stu
dent desiring to take the same . couree
asked and received permission f rom QT-',
McCosh to attend . his lecture.' ;':TW:.
aroused the indignation ;qC': . the. ; present
j unior class, especially the'; southern
members, and accordingly about. twenty
got up a petition earnestly, entreating
the faculty to prohibit colored ..'students
from' attending, the college 'lectuTes.';
Dr. 'McOfrl?;yndcfoJ...ViRaH.
is perfectly jproper thatUhipyVhould'. be:
allowed to-, attend -Lis "lecture'a.ii tbey.
Sesatou Ri.ainb ' has been charged
with saying that -he has no influence
with this administration. But President
Lincoln and not Mr.. Blaine is the author
of tho expression, " I have no icflii-'nce
with this administration." A iady ence
,1 tnlled -upon -Lincoln and asked a favor,
wh.f:n the- ab ve remark, was. maue in
rep'y, The lady refused to believe Mr.
Lincoln when he: said he would prove
the truth of it. At his request they
dipped irto Mr. Seward's room.. "Mr.
Seward," paid Mr; Lincoln, "can we "do
so and so?" "I think rot, Mr. Presi
dent," replied Mr.'. Seward. "There,
madam," .said Mr. , Lincoln, "1 told you
I hael no influence with this . administra
tion." "'' " '' ' ".
The following extract from a' Peters
burg paper shows .why the southern
Democrats like Tilden : - ;
In 1804, just after the." battle" of the
Wilderness, a party of gentlemen were
assembled in a room at Willard's, and irP
the course of an animated conversation
one of them . used . the following langu
age : 'QoBtlemen, the mistake' we made
was that we did not turn McClclian with
his fine army on Washington and clean
out the whole thing," meaning the ad
ministration of Mr. Lincoln. He who
gave utterance to this patriotic remark
was Samuel J. Tilden, for which, in fu
ture ages, he will ever be held in. respect
and veneration by the patriots of the
country. Reter&burgh "(Va.): Jnetex-Jfr
peal.- '..i . ..'.'. ---' ::' '' "
. Tiie Arret TJ8TA, (Ga.,) Constitutional
ist says "the infernal Fifteenth Amend
ment has made South Carolina a terres
trial hell." . The whole purpose, power
and effect Of this. Amendment ib to give
the colored citizens the right of suffrage.'
The Mobile Register says that; the' ques
tion now is to get the negro out of poli
tics, or in other words to deprive, him of
his vote.' The Democrats of the South
are now getting the negro out of politics
by. shooting him. ; ;
- Ti j k New York; "tVfati publisbeV-a.lisf.
of : "old Republicans whq.'-are: "going to
vote, for Tilden,-'' and "among-, the names
given is that -of; Rtet..-: Ai. L;! Perry,' :of
Williams College. Professor Perry has
always been,.' as hie is how, an ' old line
Democrat ;:'i'a.; his Cachings," hbwevor,.
le !.B as' advocated purV jgoyernment kn&
'a" Bpeedy'yeti!
With all Ma good qaalTtiesIie Ba''nev-
' ertheless, been noted 2onaveeeBtrlci
ties; J. Among the latter may pe incjagejd
rhi's decision id vole tor TUden.-'-Will b.e
.also vote for Hendricks?.'.'.' ':;'.; :v.:
- -..' . ' . ; .'. .,')'.'
r THS trial of Gen. Babcork for eorci.
, .'pYUity in itiv euf'.burglar.y cou'spifaey iij
rjeariy'.empted.'.There ia", prospect
vt a verdict' of acquittal..'- ;
Short Hand.
Rutland, Sept. 25, 1876.
Editor Rutland Herald :
Your editorial in the Hbeald of thia
date recalla to my mind some investiga
tions I made a few pear3 ago into the
history and practical value of stenO'
graphic writing, and in which I came to
a conclusion diametrically opposed to
your declaration that it ia "only within
the last twenty-five or thirty years that
sign writing has been reduced to a prac
tical basis and been made wholly useful."
A thousand years before the Christian
Era, the Psalmist refers to the ability of
Jewish scribes torew ords aa fast as
the lips could utter them, in his declara
tion : "My tongue ia the pen of a ready
writer." Plutarch describes the Greek
sifns and Roman notes aa consisting of
lutlc marks, so brief and expressive, that
certain writers were able to take down
the orations of Cicero as delivered in the
Roman Senate, and tho fame of the
freedman Tyro, arose :-almo'st wholly
from hia skill as a verbatim . reporter of
the great orations of bis day. Seneca
improved the system ot lyro, and. imro.
f uced it into the public schools as a use-.
ful branch of liberal education.' . Again,
we find in one of the epigrams of Mar
tial, written nearly two thousand years
ago, this Couplet . ... : .. -"Though
fast a speaker's words may flow -The
tongue is forttae hand too slow,"
This epigram ia also confirmed by
some Imea or the poet Ansonins, in
which he praises an expert notary of the :
time of the Emperor Gratian : , , y.
"O, wondrous art ! though trotn my Irj . .
The words like nattorincr hailstones fell, .
Thine ear hath caught them every on ,
Thy nimble .pen portrayed tueiM a.u.
My words no sooner are pronounced ,
Than fn tli v. .taftlafcs.tliMV'iL-nTiesr -
MylminiJ enot Jictp s4jiiiU pace. v
wiin myngBt nngw; swug career.-
I'erhaps this poetry may not be of a
high order, and the translation may not
do justice; fo it, but It points unmistaka
bly to the tact that many, centuries be
fore Pitman, Graham, or even Phinehaa-
Bailey had lived, sign writing had been.
reduced to a practical basis .and made
wholly useful, and. I doubt i ot that it
would be a safe venture to bet upon the
system? of the old Hebrews,. Greeks and
Romans as . being at least, as . practical
and phllosopUicaE w the In Misted phauet-r
ic nooscjse tLMvi at , be . present day to
destroy a correct echography of our
language. - J. C. B. ,
We fear ".K C. B " failed to read cvr
article carefully, for we did not claim
that sign-writing, or stenographing, was
of anything like recent origin. In fact we
disavowed it. Our article intended to
relate to the origin of phonelib - writing.
The distinction between the' general
term Stenography for a'l klcdp of abort
hand writing, and the term Phonogra
phy for a specific kind of short-hand
writing, must not be lost sight of. Per
haps we cannot better explain ourselves
than to quote Webster :
t Urography, (close writing) Using
abbreviations tor characters for -whole
words.
renography, (soutd writing) A rep
resentation of sounds, each ty its dis
tinctive characters.
good scholar, very active and very sen
sitive to reprimand. The Hon. W. H.
Walker, of Ludlow, was an attendant
at the same school, and it ia with pleaa
ure that I read of their success in life,
and that they arg on the Bide of Union
and true reform. W.
When we said it was "only within
the last 20 or 30 year?, etc.," we should
have said phonttlc writing instead of
"sign-writing." Certainly phonetic writ
ing revolutionized stenography, for how
ever Wk! may vaunt of the celerity of the
old nations in that respect, their systems
could by no means be compared with
the strides made in the art in later cen
turies. "J. C. B." omits to give the bal'
ance of the, at best, fragmentary history
of the i nservation of Cicero'a works,
because we are told ttiat it nq'iired, to
record the ora'ions, four or five ready
writers who afterward compared their
check-notes with each other's, and iu
tnat way secured a report. Whether it
was then a verbatim report or was re
vised bv the author, we know not. la
these days, however, no reporter cf ex- .
perience and standing in the professiuu .
needs a check-nerte reporter at his aide
in order to correctly aecure the utter
ances of the most voluble of speakers.
The highly eulgietic lines quoted by
"J. C. li." may possibly , have been
drawn from a heated imagination, and
the poet have fallen into a poetical
licenee, and "spread himself" to see .
what he could ch. Yet, seriously, how
ever true they may be, and howevesr ex'
pert may have been th& old writers,
our original assert iim ia not all shaken ;
that Phiiiehas Bailey, was the originator '
of plioneth iJn)rthnd wr iting.--Eo.
Herald. .
Correspou'le-ncp f the Herald ) "'. ".
The Saratoga . Season Hlgti
Prices of Coal-DifTerent Top
ics, Etc.
Editor Rutland . Herald .-r-Tije . text
"The htTVa&t is pao, the Mimmcr is
ended atul we are not saved," ; 5s
very applicable to our e'ase at present.
The - summer hotels are . : closed or
about to do o, atul the experience - of
their proprietors baa been, a sad one.
The Windsor was financially a total fail
ure, and the Congress not ; much in ad
vance of the same figure. ; The , States'
ha3 been the first and leading hotel, and
the Union has followed closely its . leadj
but the Congress, once the first,, has tak
en a third seat, aod ; it will cost.'a hun
dred thousand dollars to place iV . on a
footing with the ,'o' .'her. hotels; with, any
phew .of coippetrtioai - . . We' jiaye- ,berd..
in former years the rattling of the hotel
buss in . the outskirts .' of. the town till
after the dead hour of midnight, to find
lodgings for their guests, but this year,'
had a duplicate number come suddenly;
upon us we could have found accommo.
datious for all. The . hackmen, .carters
and other hangers on, are looking, sad
and cbopf alien,. Their , three months
plunder will not save them from the
hungry wolf that will howl at their
doors for the next ; eight months. - It
would seem that the railroad company,
who have reaped he best harvest from
our summer traveL .would favor our ;
poor in .the .: price . of coal ; but
intead '- they ' -discriminate; -against
us,' selling ; at ot .' to .: -l wo-; 'dollars
per ton in advan'ce ef the - prices it is
sld at in Fort JSd ward, : YhitebalI ' or ;
even Rutland.: ; At present coal' is being
carted from Schuylerville twelve miles
distant, and offered at a lower figure
than our dealers are disposed to make,'
. Many of our people are off ;for Phila-.
delphia. Some ' havd- returned.: Last
Thursday : one .' thousand tickets . were
taken on the C. Vi.bbard,:. Xh6 .- Albany
day boat era it&'way .up.': V.V'e'rmontefs in
every .elime. feel "a "j ust' bride in - View" of
the noble political record made Vby their'.
orotners at home. Last - w eaneaa v i
was at the capital building .in WasMhg-J
ton.- V isiwwB were requested :xo rote
f or PresitDt.. ; Of the si: hundred" 'and.
ten who bad voted thai d.&y Imn'
dred and ! eight were 'fof '- HaYes ahd"
Whtelcr, and-t wt hundred.- and. wo -'for.'
J uyt-fl: ;o5'j up. , Luesor straws' mfJieate
-that our people are not ready to play the-con-trol
of" e. national affairs ; into- th0
hands fif those wh have iabpred'ao hard
tn dpfltrrtv- irVfl t"T-rjinh"..-;i ' i ! !:-!'.-'.'-
W; .HwH?k'ti-m3tids &&'.t.MtT.Was b'n?e'-'
ia 'l.he:jjdagdgue busiae'&iJ.:-Tlifc' ColoB'ejy::
Whom better people never lived)' was. a
Huxley on Evolution.
TIH TOESB AS A TYPICAL TN3TAKCB OF
EVOLUTION.
Professor Huxley's courrr of three
lectures on "The Direct - Evidence of
Evolution," which he ended at Chicker
ing hall Monday evening, has through
out been listened to with the atten
tion which intelligent audiencta are ac
customed to give to the exposition of au
important doctrine by a profound man,
who is known to be the most intimately
versed in it, and who speaks either as
its supporter or its opponent. . Evident'
ly his audience has been in sympathy
with him to a singular idegree, and, as
he has always spoken with gravity.
though at times with some slight marks
of , irritation at futile criticism which
seems to beunneeessarily irksome to him,:
has indulged in no flights of eloquence
such as popular . lecturers on scientific
subjects a ae wont to' display to the gap
ing multitude, its intellectual level may
tairly be taken as above the average.
Last evening he-began his lecture with a
brief resume ot, the grounds traversed.
in the two that had preceded it. It had
been shown that the evidence of fos6il
remains is consistent with and favorable
to the doctrine of evolution, though not
demonstrative ot it ; that aa we go back
in lime we find the great intervals that
now exist between the larger groups of
animals more or less obliterated by the
discovery . ot intermediate . iorma, bucu
as those whish close the . gap between
birds' and reptiles, so that it is hard to
eay where one leaves off and tbe ow
eotMimenees, and that this evidence IS as
weighty as that which leads men to af'
firm anything as. true in ordinary mat
ters, ',. But it is not absolute demonstra
tion, because, these, intermediate, forms
do not occur in the exact order in which
they should be found to show that, tney
are really intermediates between' birds
and reptiles. They -exist in contempo
raneous deposits, but ibey should in
: regular' line of 'progression; if it is to be
' &hown that the stepe'&re'graduattd from
: the lower to. the" laRt ' form. There
' would be the higbest. demonstrative evi
dence if in some older ; for tnatiun. rtiptiis
were found, birds in ' some newer, and
intermediate beings between them. The
proef of evolution eaiinot bo looked
upon as complete' till euch evidence
is forthcoming. Of late years
such evidence has been found, iu an
amount surprising when we remember
that to get at it we must find undisturbed
deposits and fossils perfect or not much
injured. Every division of the acimal
kingdom has in late times furnished 3ttch
evidence, and from the mass one animal
may le : sriefctet!,- -which shall b the
Lowe fy4f iachioing- th ass, zubra
Hid kri''.JVii i-rmi, Th horse, tx),
presekls cct of thu uiOfci perfect exam
ples of machitery in t!i Animal king
dom, leing perfectly adarfl to it pur
pose and doing a surprising aou"u of
work with the least fuel. The tvuv.'-rt
of its parts, the rhythm of their action,
the slender and elastic legs with their
powerful muscles, its feeding and di
gestive apparatus are all of the highest
order. All this depends upon its struc
ture, lo understand which an examina
tion of its anatomy ia necessary. The
upper bone of its fore leg ia analogous
to the humerus in man, the next to the
fore-arm with its radius and ulna; the
' knee to the wrist ; the coronet bene to
the middle linger, and the hoof to the
nails. There seems, indeed, on first
view, to be but one bone in this fore
arm ; but two can be traced for some
distance, though not completely down
the ulna being fused with the radius
A caret ul examination shows that tbe
ulna itt not wanting, aud iu the young
eU it is ouwttm, ituly smu, uui as
age advances it unites with tbe radics ;
and there are also rud'jLfntary meta
carpal bones for the hvwkI aut fourth
ringers. Soinetiiu- nv!4tcrs are found
with the toes torjpVt. Iu the hiud Kg
the shin hone t.t & but a fplint, itprt
set'.! it- ilbulM-, and a noelule at its lower
eiri eKr!y mark it as tnch where it is
uoiU'jJ wan Ihe tibia The medium toe
t'i iitiC ours, two splint bones beiny; rudi
mentary second and fourth toes, with
the metatarsal bone-s avj iinng. Tiie
stomach ' avei diu'eslive !. par.itus ar-.:
highly diiferentiattd ; ti'-ere should
strictly b lwrly four teeth,.- I)ut there
are rarely more than forty, ttud the mare
commoiiiy ' has but thirty tix, the
"tushes fiefiig seldom developed. There
' are incisors above aud Six below,
from whk-u the age of comparatively
yftuog horsey may be told, by the pres
ence of a dark patch.. . The young foal
has a deep pit in each incisor, into which
the i'oddei- gela and carbonia-.'s, but "ilh
age the teeth are worn down until Uiw
patch, disappears. . The grinders wot k
upoh each other like - mill stones, and
keep the. form of thenr surfae:e8, bo that
they long remain intact. If evolution
be true, what should we expect to finel
in the history of the horse ? - We ; know
' that typical iztaqa-runU;. &re ciiaranteriz-'d
by distinct radius . aud ulna; guwr
ally five rot s, u f ten . uiM-qual, but
as Angers we'll developei''. ' In the leg
are complete mbvabkv fikuli aud tibia,
and on the hiud fo t five di.-iinoi t es;
hence if a differentiated animal hke tbo
horse has developed from a t-i'iipk- huhu
thalian form, t should, tind ia 'li';
: rock,'. if it be; tiiire, traces ol graduated
: foruis back taonee . with a ial us and
ulna, a fibula and tibia, and five'.u.te oa
the- hiud and : fore feet. . Th;-teeth
elioul.l. ilso be t hose "of the. typioLJ mjam
' mal In the plioc'-oe formatLou of -the
upper tertiary 'dep-Vfi',,' many remain 6 of
horses We. f ou-id in iiurppe,. and . many
in the post .ttTU ;y, - but they : dLffer .i-u
no 'essential 'pciut" i roiii. the hoxse" "ot '.the
present.- T be atae. is true' -of. '-."( lie later
'.pliotene,;- but ia the m'Hldl' and 'earLlep.
: pliocene horses are lound. whose .general
'osteology ia like rhat'of o.i?r cwu he3ev
but -in: the bones t .ihe ! tore '. and .bind
legs'- -'are . two 'spiints,; that, roust ;have
bt u' tf.s, like i he !eiiW-cla ws of .rumin
a is ; .This ; aiamai: : i . -the; hipparion, .
tb ive lots; being, developed fully in num
ber :but. not . ia- iize.. . .The uma can- -be
traced about as in the . horse,, whose jm-
; mediate, predecessor waa . the hipparien.'
In Central Germany, France and Oretce
remains are found of an animal which was
broadly like our hoMe, but ibe leeth and
limbs differed, ;, Thia is the anehither
ium, with thrfe complete toes, the mid
dle proportionately fcrnall, and the later
al ones resting on the ground as func
tional toes.".; la ih fore arm the radius
'. and ulna are. distinguishable, throughout
their whole; length - the', bind foot has
three toes,ind :t he; fibula : is sometimes
complete and separate .throughout-' ita
. whole .length.- The . teeth . have -Only: a
.rudipaeatary .pit and the canine In both
sexes - the grinder? : are" generally " com.
plete, the erows are -short ; acd contain
hb cement such as exist in our -'.horses
they are the feimplified - teeth of the
horse. This was all ' we'.khew of the
ancestor of the, horse: but a: ; few years
ago. " JJvery one: :df : these ; forma have
been iaodifid in species, and we cannot
be sure from" which species eyuus was
: derived, but in general it waa here. . The
only ' alternative ; hy pothesea Were un
provable. Special; creation being out of
the. (question -for" the invest igator, 'and no
proof could be found that the anchither'r;
i ium, .hrppurioo and borsfef bad been 'pre-'
ated. separately and ' at ' diff erent ;eppcha.:
.The daecovertetf were: bl -.the "direct .'liiie
-of evolution ahd what' we enould- xpect
. priori; i Eyoiurniet6.66iifidenty Wait-.
eel for the diecoyery;6P -remaulp which:
wonl'T extend if '"aMd-. fill v.'up; -Mavgapsv
Thi8o:i6c0very came from 8ji- unexpected.
were no. hdrseB when; ihe, Eurbpeanfl rst J
lanaeq. ;fl.s sooa asgeoiogy began to be
Etndied ib America remains of hfslfke;
"thesq'i i.n -Earope ;.werB fdubel; iu : ahua
-oaijchV ip ith.'niofet euperfiCiai ; deppEits;.;
or opjiiw iiKuo.wn, reason me animal
Lad .become .cxlihct before the arrival of
Europeans. In the western tertiary de
posits rroiessor Marsh discovered many
splendid specimens, and hia collection at
iNew tiaven is now perhaps the finest in
the world. Here the missing evidence
WEs found, and tended to show that
America is the true seat of the equine
type. Through the recent horse, the
pippanon and the acchitherium, the mod
ifications of anatomy were traced ia the
teeth and general GSwlogy. The mio-
hippua had , ikrqe . roea.-: The median
large, tbe two lateral ones small, and a
rudimentary" fourth, corresponding to
the little finger of the human hand ; the
hind foot had three toes, and the rest
waa as in the anchitherium.-. In the
American tertiary, down to the bottom
cf the eocene, remains were found with
three toea, a long little finger, three toea
behind, radius, .ulna,- fibula, tibia : and
short crowned teeth.:- The - orobippus
from the oldest eocene, bad four tejes on
the fore limb, three yon ihe hind , foot,
snd complete fibula,' tibia, radius and
ulna. It is thus shown that, so far aa ia
r&own, the history of. the horse Is such
as could have been predicted from the
doctrine of evolution. . And it may con
fidently be expected that when the cre
taceous rocks shall have been explored,
an (quus. will be found which had four
toes in front and the rudiments ot five
toea behind, and that then the five-toed
animal will be found from which- the
hole series took- its birth. ': When an
iuductive hypothesis is demonstrated by
facta in entire accordance with it, and
such aa might bav been reached by de
ductive prejcesseB it is firmly established;
if the doctrine of evolution has not been
fully .established aa firmly as and in the
way that the Copernican system has
been demonstrated beyond the possibili
ty of cavil, nothing has ever been or ev
er can be proved. The only escape ia to
Sav.'that-.aM' these different forma were
ieated Separately and at separate epociuj
a belief which can neyer oe aemomu-
.d.' and is not supported .by "ftRy'Uiri-
er . evidence' or pretended erid33ce.
The time will come wbeb ench endeav
ors to escape , the "rjonclneion will be
looked upon aa are the views of those
not yet wholly extinct ' writers who hold
that Fossil8 are no .indications of animals
but" either the sports of jiature or, as has
recently been gravely' asserted, special
creations latest our f.siih. All evidence
favors evolution&nd.thf-i- ia none against
it. -To-rhe uninformed it seems an in
tutte.rable ubjectioa tBal geologists, as-
tronomeirs and phys'icitt say that not
Sttflirieut time has elapsed since the earth
grew cool enouah to snpport life for all
these changes ot lorm. vc iook to tnc
geologist aud physicist for information
iu regard to the time pece-sary for the
prodnction? of the?e ferniP, the exist
ence of wki-e-h we absolutely know. Let
theui set the time ; with' that we have
nething to do. There ia no foundation
fer tbe assertion that evolutionists . de
mand au impossible time; the biologist
has no way to judge, of time, he takes
his 1 acts from the geologist, .who tells
bin how long it took to Jay the rocky
deposits. II he says 000, 000, CMJ0 ywu,
we suppose he has good grounds for say
ing so, ond so long it toeik for the devel
opment ; if he saya 15,000,000 years,
that was the time in which evolution ac--evWii-ptkliyil.it
s work. : Suppose Sir Wil
'U;:'i Tlnvvr.s:n says that life could not
l;sTi fsirttcd bt tnch or euch a time-, ev
olutin ii'ts will tell bim ; to discuss that
question with the geologists -we take
what they say ; it dots tot concern 1:3.
"I have now," said Professor Hux'ty,
"reached the conclusion of my tafk.
My purpose has not been to enable the
unreading to leave this hall in a condi
tion to tlecide as to tbe validity or inva
lidity of evolution, but to-put before you
the principles and facts for judging that
hyiotbesi8, and to euow you the value
of the evidence atdit9 cogency. To ac
complish this I have not hesitated to
take, you as t-tnclents through arguments
which sometimes mU9t have tried your
patience , or to inflict upon you details
which riuid not tie avoided- I rejoice
UiV power, if I Us4V couv-iuced you that
so"grata ques.lion is not to be dealt
within rhetorical nourishes and loose
ta'k but deserves the keenest attention
of tbe trained intellect and observatiem.
When I lcgan I did not, think it neces
sary to form a prologue as a stracger,
for I have' met so many friends in this
country th'it to do bo would huvu been
out 'of place. I know how hard it is for
a foreigner to exp ess himself in your
latigus'jv, but the reporters have shown
that my kflit'tloff nod accent were no
bar to theiii in giving . ai't wonderful
reports. Tevmor.ro w the ve9el now
ready tos'lip hef moorings, wiil bear me
back across tbe eicean. I give . you my
hearty that ks for your kind reception of
me, and stili more for that highest of
compliuie r.tg, your undivided attention."
Our Church Singers.
Aniorg no net of professional people
are the bird times more, painfully felt
than niKoiig choir sincere. Io flush
HiiKS a? miK-h as 8400,000 a year was
ppent in tail city 'for church music.
Now hx.t thiil turn would very nearly
cover the exper.s: " Still some big sala
ries are paiiV.Misa Emma Thursby draw
ing the largest $3,000 with hotel ex
pense s pid over-' SVuod y and carriage
hire throw it in. There are a great mary
Indies who enpport thtniselves and iheir
fami!i-s mt of what they, make at choir
sipgiig. Miss Emma Abbott, before
she w rit abroad, received : $?:50Q-. as
l.-adit c poprano of Dr. Chapin'a church,
but $1',50 of that was raiseel bj her
fiiends in the congregation, the earnc
who gave her $5,000 to complete her
musical ed.ucatio.n abroad. There are
lady singers' in this, city 'whose names
would be unknown in Philadelphia, who:
have first class reputations in the musical
world of New York; and who are excel
lent ' cards in concerts by local talent.-"
' There is JVIme. Salvotti,, w ho has
a voice like a calliope for-power. .- I
dou't suppose you tver heatfi he-r name,
yet - she gets a large salary as a church
Binge rj 'beisides being a great . attraction
a4 . GilmoreV Gdrdeo. Then there is
; Mmo.-' Uhienti, of St. Ann's Church,
Brooklyn, who has one of the most de
lightful and cultivated voices hereabouts.
She would make a reputation equal to
' Piecolomini's, if she: would only go upon
the "operatic ..stage'.' .- -Mies. Lasar, .of
Plymouth Church, is another fine singer.
Her voice is one of the bird-like kind,
and .' Phe sings "Comin' Thro the Kye"
io a manner that bnnga down the house,
whenever she appears in concert. Mi6s
Henrietta B?ebe is a choir singer, ia a
great friend of Anne Louise Cary, and
has naturally caught something of the
style of that - gifted artist. Miss Hone,
of your city, is one Of the best church
singers. ; She has improved wonderfully
since she left Philadelphia.' Miss Cut
man is a rising choir "star" and has re
ceived a great . many flattering compli
ments ' 011. her . yoice: from musicians.
Mme; Gutlasjer is one of our stand-bys
for ejratono singing, and so ia Miss An
tonia Henne. Miss Henne has a rich
contralto voice, and studied with the
intention .of being an opera singer, but I
believe that she lcked sufficient power
or dramatic ability to succeed in that
profession.' Misa Ida Koseberg should
be mentioned among the roost popular
singers. -Of eoqrse there are dozens of
other . ladies who sing. in church choirs,
but these are the best known and best
paid... fhey receive from $1,000 to $2r
000 a year. Miss Cary received $3,000
-8 month in. gold and her expenses when
she sang . in St, Petersburg. Miss Kel
logg gets, $10,000. . month when he
aingtf 'in. . .opera on a salary, and ymore
when there is salary and per' cent., a3 ia
Jinglifh: 'opera-' -j; Uut : euch : pay only
cqmes; to phenomenal v'&ices'- and after
yeara pi cta-nivatm.4Ze. to : l Cert
Wyfor ; Worntn. xrt ; ?, ;:. V. : : ' - .
. !T4vCrdici'of ".ihjaryjn-thease'pf-OrplieHjl'
L:- Snow,- against: t)aniei and
UaiMeVC. 'Carpenlefi teachea a lesson
which' will be likely toimpresa men who
are engaged In the unlawful sale of liq
uors." The facts in the case aa shown
upon the trial, were briefly these. Oc
tober 3d, 1874, Ira A. Snow, of Whit-
ingham, took his wife, Orpheha, a worn
an twenty-six years of age to visit witli
him the Keadsboro Towa Fair. While
there Snow got "crtzy drenk," as wit
nessea tercaetl if, oa whiskey which the
evidence teuaeu to show - was furnisheei,
wholly dr itf part, by the defendants.
While thus drunk, hia wife attempted to
get him to go home ; she was able to get
him into hia carriage, and they started
toward home. After going a short dis
tance in that direction, against her re
monstrances, he turned to go in the di
rection of the place where a horse trot
waa about to come off ; he sooa got an
gry at his wife, and in hia tlrunken freD
zy. began to curse and swear, and threat
en her and cruelly whip hia horse. Soon
the wagon was overturned, and Mrs.
Snow waa thrown violently over the rail
ing, and down a steep embankment, up
on the rockB below. She waa seriously
injured, and remained in an almost help
less condition for nearly a year, since
then she has been slowly recovering. De
fendants denied Belling or furnishing the
liquor which caused the drunkenness.
Their guilt was clearly proven ; after a
full and impartial trial the jury return
ed a verdict in favor of Mra. Snow, for
$1806 63 damages and her costs. The
verdict gives entire satisfaction to every
one who heard the trial.
We have alwava regarded the Stattue,
making the rumseller liable for the con
sequences of tbe drunkenness he pro
duces, aa a salutary one. It has already
done more for the promotion of temper
ance in Windham countv. than all the
prosecutions for illegal sales. The r.asi
Of the widow of Wm. E. Smith, who !
waa killed at Halifax a few years aeo.
against .' Chester 11. Wilcox, the man
Whfl-BolA the rum, aad which resulted in '
;vdo;;i tor Ike fia-iivtiff. did
A-Ojotl wors for the cause of temperance.
rieiuinK aitocreiner. too much rum w
drank and sold for the good of our
County and State. It is the avarice and
greed of the rumseller which leads him
to put the cup to hia brother's lips.
When he knows that he ia liable for
every dram he sella, to such a verdict as
a .Windham County jury haa given to
Mra. Snow, his avarice and greed will be
liable to make him pause. We regard
this and like verdicts as steps towards
reform. Windham Co. Reformer.
Written for the llerald.
A Few Words from "Old Farmer
Brown."
Reform will come lroin Tilden, an' the
party that he leads,
When encumbent grow from acorns, an'
turnips from punk'n 8a:;fl.
By trick f the eiarkedt natuc", by trusts
that ha' been betriyed,
T.y preyir.' upon misfortune, they're driv-
in afhrivin trade.
tpy may talk abottt retrenchment; they
may ioTniie us bitter times ;
Hat, from Tilden, Tweed, aa' Tammany
foiiie within bnt frauds an crimes.
What f their boasted party I avow it'8
hard to tell. m
Ha't h-mi ha-f soft with a Blimy head
like a tmtle in its shell.
Twoo' my toys lie baried beneath aSouth
trn sad.
By. a cwupie o' rchf ballet", their ao-itu
-wtre sent -to Go i.
1 gave 'em both to iny rent.ry, my yiide.,
my hope, uiy a)l.
Iho' St broke y h.rt to lose 'rtta, I glo-
l iod In their tall.
For under the oli Jit?, bravely they faced
ttm rebl ft r,
Ar." while I f nght befel la Vim, I saw 'eic
both p xpire. "
The shot an' sheU were a whistlia', an' a
s'TcainlTi' throvf?'i th air,
"l'hc battle' erooke whs around ill, an'
Uax -as-i!h ih there,
Vtu ask me to vote for Tilden, an' I tMnk
. t1 that fcoHMitn time1,
When ho s-a'd lhit the war waa a failure,
Timt the country waa gain' to ruia, I tell
you it touched my pi ide
When uc i Uiy tn' on my tmcic, u-ilh a bui
lt t tit vvjf thin.
T honoird Stonewa'i Jackson, an brare
old e;eneral
WuiZ can't eipi ess tlie t corn I felt for twA
a u JfSji as he.
Keti3orieieS an' sordid traitor. Ill record
unehaneel remains ;
Kp sHa-n rettiriu or repenta.nce can cover
' iti Kitilty tjtains,
IfO ?owed iho seed & disunion ia his
-' couEtry'i darkest hour.
Tfe would ruin our land forever, if he only
had the power. .
Von teH me the war i over, that peace
an' harmony reSyr-i ;
That over th-j it.to h cliiuia, our haDds
aro clapped a iin;
Ttat the strugile iij?U forgotten when
the simplest farmer knows
That Southern- itbrU xiill sevku forgive
their oitlu-rii fiM!.
We h ive lo.-1. our ot3 an' brother. Has
the r blood been abed in vain
Shall we loe our laurels forever, or meet
our for-f g tin i
Let us leiveour noiy workshops let u
htiSti-n from t'.e plow.
An' rally around t1) n allot m'JX, nor let
'etn triumph now !
Kl'ussk J, Hall
IJrandtm, V. .
, H'lQia 1 113 Toledo Kia3e.
NASBT.
MR, JIASliY "HAS 'SOK TK7CDLK WITH H!3
. FI.OCK OS TOS ogtsnoss OF KKFOKM,
. ei o , wrnen its &z itlks in his usual
WAT. . "
CONFEDHBI F X l?OAD3. -' )
Whieh i iu th State of Kentucky, -Sept.
10, 1876. )
It takts a great dtat- of wear and tear
tolw a letdui Democrat, users tLan l
feel lkin ptandj at my time of life, p?r
tikerly tz Uascom is watrin his likker
more and more tvery day. On insurlis-
int. Knstnianee it's imixssible to watch
all the pints and keep all tbe 6heep safe-
lyin the told. I m longin ior tne eies
shun and Inoegerasbun uv that great re
former, Tilden, so that in the post-offls I
kin enjoy the f roots ov my labor, and
by gettin my likker by the gallon, in
stead ov in desultory and infrequent
drinks, I kin be ehoor of both quality
and quantity.
My last trouble W8Z my wusr, and it
took the entire day to eet it stjaitened.
Pollock and Joe liigler had got hold of
a Noo York Democratic paper, one that
I bad been quotin as authority, and
went from one bar-room to another and
red' j t to every Democrat 'In-'.' the
village. - They also ; even ; pener
trated Baacoin's, and before I got ia bed
diffoosed ther pison in' that eakroti pre
cint It contained long articles b.oin
that Tilden, our standard barer, wcz
committed, sole and body, not oidy to
hard money, andimejit rtiimp6hen, but
that he wuz a reformer of the reforraia
ist kind, goin so fat as to pte hisselt
never to pay a dollar ny southern wir
claims, neyer to reestablish tiigeer 6rvl
tood. in any form, and never to ijplnt
to cffl3 any bnt them ez wuz fittld' tor it,
and sica as wooden't eteel.
They did this while I woz- out organ
jzin a hundred Democrats to go over
into Injeany to vote in' the interest uv
reform in October- .-'- .
When I returned there ; wuz trouble,
I wnz surrounded by a hundred Dimo
crats demanding uv me wat I wcz goin
to do about it
"I am for. reform,n sed Deekin Po
gram, "but I am goin to be paid foe
them sweet potatoes, and them fence
rails wich Federal pikkits Beezed." ;
. 'I am tor reform," sed Capt. Mcrel.
ter, 'but I want pay for thera . horses
wich John Morgan eeezgd,-- wich he
woodent hev done X)flt for Federal in
vaders, wich makes: Aha .government
clearly responaible for tbem ' k '
' ; I im for reform, said IsstkerGaydt
can 1 oe
'My f rends," I remarkt, "does water
ever git hurher than its iountam nea r
Is a Christian ever better than the Ten
Commandments ? (Then I bed to explain
to era what the Ten Commandments
wez). Did yoo ever know a party to
rise above the source ov its strength ?
Its all very well for this vile sheet in
Noo York to talk about hard money
there, for the blotid bond holders of the
Dimocrisy there want it, but do we ?
Not enny We want paper and lots uv
It, and we're goin to hev it. What kin
the East do about resoomlng ? Hey the
Dimocrisy enny strength there ? Jiet
enuff to hold tbe post oftises in case the
Dimocrisy elect a president. Bat who
elects the Dimocratic president? We
uv Kentucky, uv Virginny, uv Mary
land, uv Georgy. Jlassachoosets wants
hard money, but iz our beluved Tilden
gohi back on Kentucky where he hez
trends for the sake uv MassachooBitts,
where he hasn't a corporal's guard ?
"And epeekin uv the payment uv the
claims of Deekin Pogram and Capt.
Sl'Pelter. How is the Governmemt agom
to refooee it ? Ain't we the Dimocratic
party we and eich ez we ' from
the Southern Btates ? Will there
be a member uv Congres electid in the
South whose constityooenta didn t lose
fence rales, and mules and sweet pota
toes ? Ah, my friends, when Sherman
swept to the sea, he didn't realize wat a
debt he was a pilin up wich hia very sol-
jers will hev to pay, when we Reform
ers git control agin. Possibly hed them
Bolers knowd that they d hev to pay for
them sweet potatoes, with the costs uv
collection, they woodent her gobbled so
many ur 'cm. Our representatives will
be safe on this question, and ez the
Northern Reform Dimocrata will git
their whack in, they will be gatis&ed uv
the justi3 uv the claims. What else bey
we to consider in tbe matter ?
"And ez to the offises. wher does 8am-
yooel Tiidea cit hia support from in his
own State ? 13 it out in Delaware coun
ty, where the people make much of
skool-houses and churches and sich,
them twin deEtroyers uvDimocrisy ?
No! Baxter street and eich' is his
strength. Ig John Morrissey and John
Kelly, and Oaky Hall, and Boss
M'Laujrblin a supportin of him?
Methinks tbey are. Hev they ex
perienced a change uv heart ?
Hev tfce-y got so good in ther ma
toor yeritiw.t they won't take an oflis,
or tee that ther trends hav em? Is Til
den a goin to take his tone from Dela
ware County, or from the cities where
he gets hio majorities ?
Oh, ye ov little faith! I am ashamed
ov you. Don't trouble about tbe spoils
till you see the thievca epposin uv him.
Oo home and repent. I ought to waeh
ray band3 ov yoo, but I will 6tay and leed
yoo awhile yit. Go home and be con
tent with wat your leeders are a doin.
The Dimocrat wich asks questions is lost.
And the Deekin and I went into Bas
come's, aud atter takin a drink or two,
and lamentin Bob Ingersoll's infidelity,
separated. The Deekiu forgot to pay ior
the licker, and left it to be charged to me.
Bascom btoppi d in the middle ov a de
nunsiation ov the Kepublikina for hevin
on the 6tump sich an impious wretch ez
Ingersoll, to remark thet takin lickker
and gettin out without payin for it was
a d d outrage. I think everything is
right tiere now. We renoo our Btrength.
like the calee.
Petroleum V. Nasbt, Reformer.
Tho Race Troubles in the South
Farther r tnir!s from South Carolina
represent t this the troubles between the
blacks : d whites are not provoked by
the foriui-r, but they are cold blooded
slaughters of colored people. Some,
one living in that region, whoi3 vouched
for aa trustworthy, writes Governor
medium class has not been to much in
demand, and consequently the price has
not advanced to the same extent as on
finer goods.
Whether or nejt the raw material will
advance to a higher nzure, merchants
say, will depend altogether upon the
market for woolen fabrics. Tbey as
sert that so long as the demand from the
mills continue?, the raw material is cer
tain to rise in value. They claim that
there is not enough wool produced in
this country to supply the manufactur
ers of woolen goods, and that wool ia
bound to advance to the figures which,
the imported material commands in the
market. In conversations had with feev
eral merchants engaged in the wool busi
ness the prevailing feeling manifested
was that, judging from the present
state e)f the market, the wool business
would continue good throughout tbe fall
and winter, up to February. These
merchants suggested that if the manu
factures of woolen fabrics could have
the choice of wool from the different
countries of Europe, the American pro
ducts would find a market with foreign
nations. In order to make good3 of ev
ery grade it is necessary to uee some
classes of the raw material produced in
Europe. The high rate of duty, the
merchants affirm, has made Australian,
German, and other wools usavailab
The duty upon thfi raw material "im
ported in the ordinary condition, as now
and heretofere practiced," is on ilrst-claes
unwashed clothing wool, costins 32 cents
or less, 10 cents per pound, and 11 per
cent, advolorem. Upon unwashed wool
costing 33 cents the duty is 12 cents per
pound, and iu per cent, aavoiorem. ice
duty upon washed wool is double these
rates. Theiaty required on combing
or second class wool is 10 cents per lb.
and 11 per cent, advalorem for goods
costing 83 cents or le per pound. The
duty oa the third class, which includes
carpet ana 6imuar woole, is a cents per
pouail tor -wasliiid &nd unwashed costing
12 cents or less per pound j on that ol
more than 12 cents per pound value the
duty is six cents per pound. The total
receipts of wool at New York from for
eign countries, from January 1, to April
1, 1876, -were 13;777 bales of carpet
wool and 204 bales fer clothin?, making
19,931 bales, compared with 13,841 bales
for the corresponding period in 1S75.
Tbe x umber of bales of domestic wool
re-ceivd was 12,137 in 1873, againtt
7,818 for the corresponding period in
1873. Merchants think that th-3 lowet
figureVfor wool we-re reached months
ago, and teat the trade has now been
started upo:i a healthy and prosperous
basis. Tribune.
Developmonts of Speed
Iu June, 1819, the famous gray mare
Ltady Suffolk recorded a mile ia 2:25 and
the world wondered at the astonishing
speed. For a la;.se of years do very
formidable rival threatened to reduce the
record, until, in 183G, a little bay mare
made her appearance on the tnrf and the
old wytbe-bearer had only mowed down
U19 minvict and twenty four and a hilf
tewd when the completed u mile. In
the following season Lantern and mate
treated against E han Allen liad mate.
At tUe three quarter pole Eastern wss
many lengths, seemingly holies?, in
the rear, but with magnificent burst of
speed he came lown thet' retch at a
rate computed to be about 'M seconds
for the quarter, and, collarir g Ethan,
made a dead heat in 2:24 J. The excited
owner shouted vuelferously : "I don't
care for tbe heat, hut I'd give ten thou
sand dollars if be hsd only rubbed that
half recond eff F.ora Tempi's time."
In 1S39 Flora again clipped, the record
ia ber great race with Princes", the cel
ebrated California t mare, reducing ibe
fiirures to 2:22. an I the whole communi-
lavipneo endearment on tne
. " 1 ... .1 1 . . .- w .. .
i. 1 .u, 4 . : i IV lairiv liivwucu tuucoiuivi.i
XUJ.V?'UJ "".. .vi" y,:. -u1 I Oieen of the Tnr: Later in the same
luiuugu lii v-'uuiljr rt n. i t. lug itlici:u f .
riots took plaev, Lave been stopped and
negroes forcibly taken lroui the cars
and shot. Capt. A- I. Bntler, a brother
of the -neral Butler nf Hamburg mas
sacre uo.oriety, is ai-J to have' been in
command of a company of whit Jiners
which recently stopped a train and bru
tally murdered negroes. -Up to this
time" says one letter dated tbe 21st,
' there is no definite information of the
death of a single white person, although
the sheriff of Aiken rejr! three killed,
or rathtr says that tnre are reported
killed There has been no encounter at
all to far aa we hive been able
to learn, but rather a wholesale murder
of colored men wherever they corr id be
found. In the cotton field at work or
traveling along the highway they were
deliberau ly shot down in cold bh-exl,
biuta'iy mangled after they were doad,
and lett to lie in the hot sun with no one
to remove or bury their bodies. There
has been no hostile gatherings of the
blacks, unless you can call a mra-ting f
from six to ten of them a hostile gather
ing. Nor hve they fired upnn any ene
except perhaps in self deters?. I re
lieve at least 100 negroes have been killed
since Sunday morning last in Aiken and
fJaruwell conntie?, and I do not believe
a sintile wtiite man has been harmed."
Another report, however, sayBtbe blacks
were, on the 20th inst., rioting up the
road, a short distance from Port Royal,
that tbey had torn up the railway track
and stopped travel and the mails.
It is reported that a Republican meet
ing at Akttbbeha, Miss.', has been broken
up by Demecrat8, and that tour negrof s
V? tre killed and several wounded.
A negro is said to have been killed
near Memphis, Tenn., last week, be
cause be wouldn't tell two men how he
wuj .senng tojvote. The murderers were
pursued, but escaped.
Prosperity in the Wool Traae.
I.KV1VAI.
OF MANCFACTCB1XG
VAXCE IN FK1CKS.
ASD AD-
Mbui wat U retorm ro me ei
viirtn this deestrictf-:-'-
SSaakin uv em off, I smiled a sad and
pensive smile at ther child lik innosense,
and mountin a stump, addressed em.
A marked indication that the revival in
business now observable is not spasmo
dic is furnished by the fact that tlie im
provement in one branch of trade is sys
tematically governed by the revival of
another. The wool business, which
during recent yeara has Buffered under a
general depression and inactivity, haa
caught the impulse of other industries,
and those engaged in dealing in wool
are filled with the same confidence to be
noticed in other branches of trade. In
April and May of this year the wool
market was very much depressed, and
very little foreign material was import
ported, because wool commanded a
much higher price in Europe than could
be obtained for it in this country. At
that time a great number of the woolen
mills had stopped running, and there
was little prospect that a brisk market
coald be secured for the raw material.
During this state of uncertainty the
wool clip, of June was thrown upon the
Insrket, and the merchants bought it in
at a " low figure. The mills throughout
the country began to nm, and as tbe
season - advanced manufacturers found
orders crowding in more rapidly than
they could fill them. It was necessary
to purchase the raw material, aDd those
who bought it at a low figure In June be
gan to reap the benefit of reviving trade.
The wool dealers who purchased in
June, when wool growers were glad to
turn their products into money, realized,
when the demand 6et in, an average
profit of from eight to ten cents per
pound, equal to SO or 25 per c?nt. The
dealers who made purchases in the early
market received for best Ohio XX and
XXX washed wool 42$ cents to 45 cents
per pound. Many merchants are ot the
opinion that this class of wool is worth
at least CO cents per pound to day.
When the rise came, wool known by the
brand - of ,X or three-quarter blood,
brought from 39 cen Is to .40 cents per
pound, which furnished a profit of 20 to
S3 percent The class of wool known
as'Na'l, or half blood, sold for 38 cents
ta 40 cents per pound, . which was . also
an incroaiej .of from 20 to. 23 per cent
ttporrthe 'price paid for it. . Combing
wool realized from 45 to 55 cents per
pound, which was an advance of aoout
20 or 25 per cent. This class of wool is
considered scarce at present. Wool of
year she cut eff anther half second.
making a mile in 2:21, and finally at
ivV.aa;azx. Mich , the venerab'e bearer
ot tti fccylhe Jiiid hour-glass was as
U.U0dT to flfld lliiit a railo was tinmbi-il
ini:!'.'?. Public txcitcment ran hiab,
and midst it all came expressions of
doobt in regard to the leDgtii of the
course, with lumy s-as predictions that
it would be impukOle to beat 2.29. A
mile at the iatW iate neceK itates a
speed of 38 feet ( 'thin a fraction) per
second, and the j;reit nia?" of "I-tell-vnii.no"
rwvMiI eak) tiicf Flora TcmriM
wa9 a phenomenon not llitely to occur
aain in a century. To thecuie t looker
, the real judge of merit, the fc-irform-ancfs
of Lancet, Brown Dick, George
iL iPatchen, and others, indica'ei that
Flrrti was not beyond the possSl.'.lity of
recurrence, while 'r. Robert 11 nner's
acute j udgment led uim to discover Lan
tern's wemderful sp ed, and purchase
him at wbat was tLen ensid red an
enormous price for a single boric. In
1864 Dexter made bis appearance on the
Fashion Course, and was pronoc jced by
the cognoscenti a wonderful bo. se. In
1865, under tL:c saddle, Dcxt r made
2:18 1-5, and hi? fame was wid - spread
at Once as the vie tor over time against
Flora's best tally.
The year f oho wiLg broegbt 3:is per
formance to 2 18. aid another teason,
18G7, showed 2:17$ in .h-riKSS.
Mr. Bonner mat.e a i'mous speech on
the occasion, which was almost as short
as Dexter 's record, and immediately
purchased the horse for $3o 000.
What might have been Dex -erV. future
had he remained on the track, can only
be conjectured, but we think be would
have snown very far below 2:17$ . Mean
while Goldsmith Maid and Aiitrican
Girl were becoming famous, tb- latter
ultimately achieving h record of 2:10.
Goldsmith. Maid Las continued e-ut ting
down the seconds until 2:10, 2:15. 2:14J,
2:14 had followed in such order that
people fairly gasped and expected to see
Father Time carrier jut exhausted. At
last the wonderful figure Of 2:14 was
reached, and since li n the aged mower
has had a rest on 1 ngle miles. Other
coted horses had pt -.red and 2:2 ) flyers
were scarcely a rariiy.
While Goldsmith Maid was beariDg
the 6ceptre the mar Lulu rushed into
notoriety in the suniMjer of 1874 with a
fast heat in 2:16, a d the subsequent
season brought ber s' id further ce lebjity
as the winner of tb- three fastest beats
known second, th:id and fourth, the
first having been r ken by Gol smith
Maid. The separate figures were 2:15,
2:16, 2:15, 2:17. Lulu Boon after wares
won a heat in 2:15. With the o-enine
of 187G, the great mass cast their proph
ecies on Lulu as the most likely to -.natch
away Goldsmith Maid's laurels, 1 bough
Hopeful, who had won three beats in
2:17, 2:18$, 2:18, was prime favorite
with many. As tbe season advanced
the keen observation of a few wis cen
tered on Smuggler, a celebrated stallion,
the property ot CoL RusselL
Last week at Cleveland Smcgg! r won
a splendid race from Goldsmith Maid, in
which the two together trotted tl e fast
est five consecutive heats tver shown
for public gratification. Gol Ismith
Maid won the first and second, Smuggler
the third, fourth and fifth, showing re
markable Epeed, steadiness and, g Vatest
of all, endurance. The time was 2:15,
2:17i, 2:loj, 2:19J, 2:17.
Of course everybody now resse mbers
foretelling Smuggler's undoubttd tri
umph ; but, at least, that kind of public
expression has one virtue it appieciates
euccess.
CoL Rusaell is fortunate in the posses
sion of Buch a wonderful horse, ard may
fairly claim .Ihe honor of owninr The
King of the Turf." Turf Field and
Farm.
g W. GOODRIDGE,
; ?.... GKABTOK, VERMONT.
Manufacturer rft FIK H-lllNei HODS
fcplit Bamboo, Asb anl plk bairiboo, and
A1.I1 and Uincewood Troiii My Kod. A
great variety of Bait Koda tor nil kindt of
naning. ods wade to order ami repair
ing don. bnl ior eircaUr containine
puce list and recommendations. abUAw
OOD GROUND
cents,
COFFEE for 15
At HUBBAItD'S.