THE FARMER: JULY 25, 1914
The Bridgeport Evening Farmer
FOUNDED IX 17S0.
Published Dally (Sundays excepted) by The Farmer
. PablisElne Co. at 170 Fairfield Avenue,
Bridgeport, Conn ;
TELEPHONE
EmTOKIAIi 1287
BIJSIXKSS OFFICE 120S
Price S Cents ttie Copy.
SATURDAY, JVIjT 25, 1914.
WHERE THE FARMER MAY BE PURCHASED
For the convenience of Bridgeport era visiting and re
siding in New .York or" Boston, The Fexraer can be found
on sale at the following places in the Metropolis. At H.
J. SchtUtz's five newttanda: . '"
ls"o."l, 13 68'Broa&way, near 87th St.; No. 2, S. E. cor
ner 42nd and ' 6th Ave. ; No. 8, El Stand, 42nd , St. and
Park Ave. in front of Grand Central Depot; No. 4. S. E.
corner 47th St. and 7th Ave.; No. 6; S. W.- corner 80th St.
and Broadway and The Hub News Co., City Hall. Bos
ton, Mass. , ?:
8TGPINGTIII WARRENITE ILLEGALITY
JUDGE WILLIAM H. WILLIAMS showed a
disposition to understand perfectly
the basic principles underlying the ) frantic
eagerness of the proponents of Warrenite in
the municipal government, to expend $160,000
of public money for that pavement. V
To the repeated suggestions xf the num
erous' counsel for Warren Bros, that the word
"pavement" in the statute creating the paying
commission, should be. understood in its techni
cal, engineering sense, Judge Williams oppos
ed his view, by far the more usual,' that the
word shoiild be interpreted according to its or
dinary meaning. i '.'.V' ' -'-7'.v
The significance of .th.6 technical interpre
tation of the language would be the. classifica
tions of pavements on a concrete base as. per
manent, and others as rot permanent. War
renite is not on a concrete . base, ; and conse
quently would not be permanent,' and' would .not
be within the jurisdiction of the paving com
mission., . . i . ' ' " ;'
Those j who aie familiar with the history
of the act creating the paving. commission,
know that its fraraers intended to take from the
common council the powert to lay all pavements
not.waterbound macadam. ' 7;
Up to the enactment of the paving commission-statute
the council, ' could do anything it
wished to the streets of, Bridgeport, and did it,"
as Mr. Nicholson, counsel , for the plaintiff,
shrewdly observed in the course of his address
to the court. ' '': .', 7 :.. .777 - ;" 7; '",'..' -:
Mr. Nicholson and his client Mr. Anderson,
are to be congratulated upon the snccessful is
sue of their suit. They are entitled "' to the
thanks of the public. They have saved the city
from the consequences of official : conduct
which must have formed a most injurious pre
cedent, from .which in time to come results of
graft and extravagance would almost certainly
be derived. .
BUYING WITHOUT COXrPEnTIOX
WAS BAD FOR NEW HAVEN SYSTEM
AND IS EQUALLY BAD FOR BRIDGEPORT
-VHE IMITATJON of , railroad - methods in
. JL . , Bridgeport is not confined to the as
sertion that a large deBt means prosperity. The
further proposition is made that a city will be'
best served when goods are bought of favored
individuals in large ftmcunts, without competi
tion, or bidding. :, 7 7777 '
In ascertaining the conditions which have
brought New Haven stockholders to grief the
interstate commerce commission has shown
the part in the disaster, that was occasioned by
the enormous growth of the system's debt, and
has devoted several paragraphs of its report to
discussing the effects of "large purchases with
out bids." The report saj-s: . .- . . V .. 7 .
Purchases of cars and coal are two large expendi
tures that railroads make. The New Haven purchased
cars almost exclusively from James B. Brady without
competition and to the extent of some $37,000,000. Mr.
Brady, as a witness, made no secret of his generosity to
the officials with whom he had business. His methods
were justified by him on the ground that the officers of
the New Haven were old fiionds. .'(,.
Locomotives were purchased from a company . in
which a director of the New Haven was also a director.
Many suppplies obtained by the New Haven Were from
companies having directors who were also directors of
the New Haven.
Corporate economy Is not practicable where gifts
and obligations arising from friendship tend to obscure
official duty. " ........
Like Bridgeport, the New Haven system had
established a system of concentrated purchas
ing authority. Gradually the functions of this
authority were jusurped by those who were its
creators. The directors sold their own goods to
the company for which they were trustees,
goods were bought of favored persons without
competition. -
Before the investigation and before the
facts were made public there was no limit to the
verbal justification of these unwarranted and
dangerous methods. But the smoke was there,
and, as in most such cases, there was fire beT
hind the smoke.
The purchasing , authority in Bridgeport
has been concentrated in the board of purchase
and supply, which was created with a flourish
of trumpets to buy everything the city should
need. Certain boards, as the Board of Educa
tion, which has never, been involved in a scan
dal regarding the expenditure of public money,
refuser to come under the new method, and
were thoroughly castigated. - 77'".
- Presently it appeared that the contract
board was too virtuous to meet the taste of its
friends. Some members, rather than submit
to the dictation of their political superiors, re
signed. ; The clerk of the board, not being duc
tile, was removed. 'I
Quite recently Norman Leeds, the presi
dent, had occasion to protest against members
of the body, selling to the city goods in which
they were interested. He offered a resolution
condemnatory of the practice, but the resolution
was voted down. " ' r ;, i ir
Within less." than a year the authorities have
brought about the purchase, or attempted pur
chase, of several . hundred thousand dollars
worth of Warrenite pavement, without compe
tition, without bidding) and'without most of the
protective methods which are usually thrown
about large expenditures. . ' v
It does not appear that anybody in this case
has made any presents, or that there are any old
friendships involved. - 7.7 7 7 7 '7'
; ; Those things; did not appear in the New
Haven case, until a body competent to examine
witnesses under oath, and to compel the. produc
tion pf books and papers, had probed the suspi
cious transactions. '' '-" '' , . ; . .
, ; Fortunately, the rules of prudence and rea
son in he conduct of business are so well estab
lished, it is not necessary to. have proof of any
thing but the unusual and dangerous method of
doing business., . r v. 7 7771'-
The time to compel corporate business to
be done in the safe, usual and approved, way is
not after things have, gone so far that every
thing is' corrupt." The better, way is to apply
correction at the root, in the beginningty sub
stituting trustees who know what public opin
ion,' and safe finance demand, for those who do
not know, or "who do not care to practice what
they know. .'; V.v."
Trustees of the public power have no right
to sell to the city what yields them a profit from
the sale. . ..7777' . '7'7:7- 777-J' ' 7": - 7--: 7 77
-t If the people permit large sums of public
money tti be expended -with ' favored persons,
without competition, they will regret it.
The sooner Bridgeport abandons New Har
ven methods in conducting its corporate affairs,
the better off it will be. v v -.
. ;Buy the best goods in the lowest markets.
Pay as you , go. These are sound rules for
any municipality to follow 1 ' '',
PRESIDENT WILSON FAVORS RECOURSE
TO CRIMINAL LAW IN DEALING JIVITH ,"..
CORRUPT NEW HAVEN SITUATION
THERE WILL be general , rejoicing oye
President Wilson's letter ordering me
department of justice to proceed .against the
New Haven directors civilly and criminally,
t This action Is in line with President Wil
son's entire policy in office. JHe is-silent, delib
erate, but certain. Civil proceedings will look
to the separation of the New Haven' steam fad
system ; from its subsidiaries. Criminal pro
ceedings will look to the punishment of the in
dividuals by whom , the New Haven has ; been
brought to its present straits.
7 How necessary it is that criminal proceed
ings, should -be 'brought will appear from the
opinion of the Interstate Commerce Commis
sion, which, after investigating carefully all. the
facts, said: ,'::'-, 7 '- '7 7;77- ':'-: '"'. ' '; 7 "s" ;. '
It is inconceivable that these wrongs could have gone
on without interference if the members of the.board
of directors had been true to the faith they owed the
stockholders.: A number of directors appear in many
instances to have 'voted without knowledge and to have
approved the ' expenditure; of many millions without in
formation. 'I ' I T .. . .. . , '.-'. ...;.:.!- .. . i
According' to ""the testimony of some of the direc
tors they merely . approved what had been done by some
committee" or by some officer' of the 'company. -. ,
The i directors minutes reveal that it was largely a
body for ratification, hot authorization, as the law in
tended a board of directors, should be. . None of the di
rectors would have been so careless in the handling of
his own money as the evidence demonstrates they were
in dealing with Hhe money of other people.
. And again the commission .says -
: When ' these directors : were "? negligent 'and
serious losses resulted therefrom they were guilty of a.
grave dereliction of duty and breach ' of trust that was
morally wrong and criminal in its fruits. '
f . As to the subsidiaries from which it is "pro
posed to separate the parent company, the com
mission said : . ; . r '
Many of these subsidiary, companies served no pur
pose but an evil one. They were used to cover up trans
actions that would, not bear scrutiny, and to keep from
the eyes of publio officials matters that were sought to
be kept secret. . ; , . 5 v..,:
These men have done nothing to earn len
iency. When books were needed that, would
have helped to make the truth known, they were
discovered to have been burned. ,
, Questionable methods were 1 employed to
increase the capital stock of the company, "Ac
counts were manipulated. Dividends were paid
by juggling with subsidiary companies.
, Large purchases were made without bids.
Enormous political contributions ' were
wrongfully made from the property of the
stockholders.
" The" directors were consciously engaged in
the" creation of a mojiopoly by methods the na
ture of which must have been -familiar to' them.
Under these conditions the president sees
but one alternative. As a punishment for what
has been done, and as a protection from similar
wrongs in the future he invokes the power of
justice existing in the criminal law, and pro
claims that the guilty must face the conse
quences of their deeds.
Huerta has resigned the presidency of Mexico, but
he hasn't abdicated his title to any cases of extra dry.
-
The summer hotels are entertaining their guests with
a varied program of amusements consisting of breakfast,
Sinner and supper.
..-.'
: The Cleveland women have put pp anti-swearing
posters in the street cars and factories, but strangely
enough they omitted'to post the golf links.
" The sale of books of poetry is said to have increas
ed to an amount sufficient to provide the author with
stamps to send his manuscripts around.
. N. .', .-',."':.-
In order to keep well informed on public affairs and
prepare themselves for the duties of citizenship, many
people spend abou an hour a day reading all about the
murder mysteries. ; . '
CENTENARY OF STEPHENSON'S
PIONEER STEAM LOCOMOTIVE
This year marks the centenaries of three of the most impor
tant applications of steam power. Just 100 years ago to-day, on
July 25, 1814 George Stephenson made a successful trial with
his first locomotive. A'little later a floating steam battery de
signed by Robert Fulton, was launched, being the first steam ves
sel of war ever constructed, and the. parent ship of all the navies
of the world. Before the memorable year had closed the first
steam printing press was perfected, and Konigl, the inventor,
made a successful trial in the office of the London Times, turning
out papers at the most amazing rate of 1,200 per hour. ,(
George Stephenson, who perfected the locomotive, was born
in 1781, the son of Robert Stephenson, the fireman of a colliery
enginfe at Wylam, near Newcastle. As a boy George herded cat
tle, and oeeupigd his leisure by building models of engines with
clay ,v At fourteen he was employed as assistant to his father,
firing the colliery engine at a wage of twenty-four cents a day.
He had a passion for steam engines, and soon mastered the mech
anism, so that at seventeen he became a fulll-fledged engineman.
At that time he was unable to read or write, but mastered those
arts by attending a night school". He made such rapid progress
that at thirty he was enginewright at a mine, receiving the mu
nificent salary, of $500 per year. ; f ; : , . ; ;
In 1813 he obtained permission from Lord Ravensworth, the
principal owner of,, the Killingworth colliery, to incur the ex
pense of making experiments with the construction of a "travel
ing engine," to be used' on the tramroad between the mine and
the : shipping port nine tniles away. By the Summer pf 1814
Stephesnson had completed his locomotive, and on July 25th it
was "given its first trial. The proud young inventor made a
successful trip with his engine, which he christened "My Lord,"
in. honor of his jaoble patron. :' "My Lord" was the first engine
to draw a load upon rails, and it was capable of six miles an
hour, when extended to its 'limit. ' : ' : '
. r Stephenson made . many, improvements in his locomotive
during the next few years, and in 1822 he succeeded in convinc
ing the promoters of the Stockton & Darlington railway,, who
had contemplated, using horses 'to draw their carriages, that
steam power was feasible. Stephenson was appointed engin
eer of the railway, and, in 1825 the first railway onyhich pas
sengers and goods were drawn by a locomotive was formally
opened.' .':.'..-'.- ' : .'"'.'" :' , : -..T ,v';.; '.'
Stephenson was then employed to take charge of the con
struction of the- Liverpool & Manchester railway. Prominent
engineers declared that it would be impossible to build the line
over Ghat Moss, a great bog in. Lancashire. Before a Parlia
mentary commission the eminent "authorities" vehemently de
clared that no vehicle' could stand "on the morass. The daring
but -calculating' genius ; of Stephenson accomplished the so
called impossible, and in 1830 the road was opened. Stephen
son had bunt a much improved locomotive, called ihe Rocket,
which attained a speed of twenty-nine miles ah hour. - The first
o thousands of victims of railway accidents was claimed on the
opening day of the Liverpool & Manchester line, when W, Hus
kisson, a member of Parliament was killed. ., - ' - "
' Besides building the first, successful locomotive, Stephen
son was the inventor of a safety lamp to be used in mines. For
the "valuaable services rendered to mankind" by this inven
tion he was presented with a fund of $5,000, which, he used in
making improvements in his locomotive . The father of mod
ernrailways was connected with many other 'transportation
'projects in his latter years, and died in 1848, when the 'modern
era of railway building1 was well established.
BUILDING riOTES
OF LOCAj-JIITEREST
Work will be started next week on
the. addition to Columbus school, Com
mercial street and North Washington
avenue. ( C. A. BJorklund has the con
tract on a bid of $17,700. : 2 '
The United Illuminating company
has asked for bids for an addition to
its i power station , in Congress street.
The boiler room is also to .be remodel
ed. The addition will cost between
$20,000 and $25,000. ;
A handsome home" for Mrs. Gertrude
W. Edwards -is. now in the course of
construction at. Brooklawn.
Samuel Dawe, the.Bast Main street
painting contractor, is to build a hand
some summer home in Mllford. :
Mrs. Elizabeth Keating of 1014 No
ble avenue, has given a contract for
a line two family house to be built
at Main street . and Stratford avenue
in Stratford. . ' ;.
. Work will start . next week on a
business and tenement block at State,
street and Clinton avenue for Bngle
man & Rich of 700 East Main, street.
, A three family house is under course
of construction in5Orland street for
Toth & Karafa. .
A : two-family house for M. Leskor
lrv will be built in Taft avenue, the
work to start next week: , .
Joseph Teskl ia planning a frame
tenement block to be built in Boston
avenue."- ' ; ' '"-"'
Capt. Theodore Wltherwaux has let
a contract for the erection of a three
family house in South avenue. ;
Work has begun on - the new home
which John Hoelck is to have built in
Summerfield avenue. .
A four-family; tenement block with
one store is building in North Wash
ington avenue for Louis Napolitano.
The foundation for, the parsonage of
the Advent Christian church has been
started in TKossuth street. '
Work has started on a two-family
house in Qoddard avenue for John
Boddlngton of 58 William street. '
CHICAGO MAN DECLARES
CALAMITY TALK OVERDONE
. Chicago, July 25 "Industrial un
rest exists in America, but there is a
great exaggeration of present condi
tions. -The success and prosperity of
our own people compared with that
of the people of any other land is
such that so much discussion and
criticism is unwarranted," said Geo.
M. Reynolds, president of the Con
tinental and Commercial National
Bank before the United States com
mission on industrial conditions late
today. Mr. Reynolds was the fifth
witness of the day. ' "
"They painted the picture as black
as they could for the sake of getting
response from the public," continued
Mr. Reynolds. : "The thing was over
done. Many of our troubles are men
tal." -. j
. Laces are in great favor.
Celery. Plants, 15c Per Dozen
JOHN RECK & SON
ERIE ENGINE PULLS TRAIN
OF 250 LOADED CARS
. Bingham ton, July 25 An Erie rail
road test of the pulling power , of the
new Centipede locomotive 'of 410 tons,
having 24 driving, wheels, proved a
big success. " rV - ' , " ", -
: The officers in charge kept adding
car after' car of coal to .the train un
til tit consisted of 250 fully-loaded
steel "battleships," with a total weight
of 21,000 tons. The locomotive full
ed this train for 40 miles at the rate
of 15 miles an hour. The train was
10,000 tons heavier than any ever
pulled by a locomotive. ''
DOMINATING.
-"Husband and wife cahnot, by the
nature of things, ' be equal. There
must in every family be a strong, com
manding, dominating personality." -
"Yes, but that one is generally the
cook." Baltimore American. .
More than 1,000 tons of Manchurian
corn which arrived at Seattle, is be
ing held up by authorities until it is
determined whether the weevil with
which it Is infected is destructive.
; ' ' SPECIAL ON
TUBES V
FRIDAY and SATURDAY
We have a large number of
Grey Tubes in the
30x3 Tube . . . ; . . .$2.45
32x3y2 Tube ........ .$29
34x4 Tube . . . . . . .. .$3.43
ALSO
In a clean up on
36x4 to 37x41. . .3.23 each
' Don't forget we carry a
large stock of the McGraw
Tires which have the usual
3,500 Mile Guarantee, and
are one of the best at the
price. Give one of these
tires a trial and convince
yourself as to their merit.
THE ALLING
RUBBER CO.
SYNDICATE STORES
. 1126 MAIN ST.
- ) -
J j J Lv. v lj?' .
Established j8s7
The Store Closes at 5 p. m. Daily
Except Saturdays when the closing hour is 9 p. ni.
Art Needlework .
for Summer Days.
' -xisv - - r-, .
; IT -.mrfk -J: m MsH.r t
.' ' ! k ii ' ,
".TV VTC u
Vacation time and
long summer afternoons
on cool porches give one
a chance to commence
on Holiday embroidery,
and the average femi
nine' habit is to begin
several pieces at once,
thereby finishing severs?
pieces at the same time,
making a goodly show
ing. The Art Section
has many things useful
and desirable to suggest,
a great many of which
are effective without
requiring a tiresome
amount of work.
' Linen -" Scarves tr 1
Towels for cross stitch
or French work.
r .. f.
. J t, . !
if f r -1
' Brown Linen Centers, 24 inch, E0, CO and 75 cts.
: 'r: -'.'' ; " '. j 36 inch, 75 cts.&nd
, :' .'' Large Huck Towels, several, designs,' yard long, t0cl
Guest Room Towels in variety. ' 23 cts.
Pillow Slips! , ' '.
Fine Cotton, scalloped edges, with wreaths and ck-..'-- ? f
monograms and initials, . . Ij c
- Day Slips, open at both ends, scalloped, with' wrt fv -i j
floral patterns in center,
Linen Slips, hemstitched, with wreaths, baskets, etc,
y Linen Scarves withinsertions and edges of linen Cluny Ir
panels stamped for cross-stitch and lazy-daisy work. " 1.! i
Kimono Nightgowns:
Of NainsOoi, round, square or V-necks, simple designs, Zi c
Of Nainsook, made up, finished all but embroidering-, 73 cts
Sweet Grass Baskets, with or without covers, a larg
assortment. - " " ; "7777"","' .
;,'.':'7-' Sweet Grass , ICnick-knacks f or
sewing baskets:- --r--: -' -'; ' -
'.-, Needle Cushions, 10 and 25 cts
.'.'.r.-.i: . Scissor Cases,.. . , ' 10 cts .
'" '.' :"7.; Thimble Cases,. "15 cts ... 5
'. -i. Needle .Books, - 19 cts
)
m
m m a
m m
These make attractive favors.
'. 77.,,..'.. -......';,.. ' ' .-.Third fioor.
The D. M. Read Company.
u) A ill) FfT!) E 1TD HT? C- i" . '--
U V - :-..L- -r
Fairfield Avenge VARIETY STORE Bread
' "THE STOItE THAT PATS THE CAR FABB" '
'ATTRACTIVE TEN CENT AKTICUES 1X3K EIGHT
ff t-1. ,-
, COUPON GOOD
T.I0inAY, JULY 27
BIO 'V
IrlATTING
HA1TDBAGS
- With Coupon
45c '
, ' ITow for a bag to taka cr.
the vacation trip.
V These splendid ba3 .held
almost as much as a nuit
case.
Suit .- cases, , all sizes ard
grades, 93c up.
aiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!!iiniiiiiiii!iiiMiii!iiiiiuuiiiHii:tn:::
1 At the present time we own and offer for sale an mi
ll usually complete selection of
Ivv '';Tirsl.7lIoFifiefle;: Loess
I on Local Beal Estate which pay 5' and 6 Interest
' These loans have long ranked as a most reliable
II form of investment. Among others we offer for sale
1 the following: '
I 200 500 1200 7 2000 3200 5GC0
250 700 1500 2500 3500 6000
400 1000 1800 2800 4000 18000
H a pOIJOr OF TTHjE ixsurxck accojip.vnies each WAX
1 The Bridgeport Trust Co.
I 167171 STATE STREET Bridgeport, Conn.
niuiiiHHiiuinHiiiinHiiHiiiiiiiHiiiHiiiii!n;iiiiuiiiiniiiiiiiiniii;iif;in:inK;;;; -
' Btartingr from Hornell on A.ugnat 31,
the New Xork State Automobile asso
ciation will inaugurate its 1914 offioial
tour in the form of a 3,000-mile jour
ney through the elate. . . ' ,
Two mines of the Cananea Consol
idated Copper Co., at Sonora, Mexico,
ar on fire. The Mexican workers who
returned to work unwilling'ly after ta
ertrike are suspected.
The airboat America, 'B-liich w ill
used-by Lieutenant Porte in his fli;
across the Atlantic, with Glenn C
tiss at the wheel, arose from L
Keuka carrying- 2,700 pounds.
to j
The temperance committee of
Georgia Senate voted to report
versely on the bill legalizing the its
ufacture and sale of beer eontaJ r
pot more than four per cent, a!:: -
t !".: S
8 -i-3
n