Orleans independent standard. [volume], March 14, 1856, Image 1

About Orleans independent standard. [volume] (Irasburgh, Vt.) 1856-1871

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INDEPENDENT
Qnfi A ATiD A FMn.
A. A. EAIILE, PUBLISHER.!
1ST o Moro Compromise witli Slavery,
1 TERMS, 81,25 IX ADVANCE.
VOLUME 1.
IRASBURGII, VERMONT, FRIDAY, MARCII 14, 185G.
NU3IRER 11.
itcrarn Selections.
IEA ALLEN.
HOW IIE TAID THE VERMONT MILITIA.
In Thompson's Roman -e, " The Ran
ger's, or the Tory's Daughter," there is
a scrap of history worth reading and
preserving. The scene is laid in time of
our Revolutionary war. Burgoyne was
marching southward, and danger was
imminent. A meeting of the " Commit
tee of Safety" was called at Manchester,
Vt., to inquire what should be done, and
various propositions were made, almost
in the dark as to any practicable move
ment. The colony was without arms, or
munitions of war, even if they could
raise men to meet the enemy, and there
was no authority to raise money by taxa
tion. The meeting was composed of
strong and sterling men. There was
Olin and Paul Spooner, Rowley and
Matthew Lyon, Benj. Carpenter, Ira Al
len and others, and over all presided the
sagacious Thomas Chittenden. Such
men would not sit idly by and see the
haughty Briton triumph, and they arose
one after the other and made propositions
based on voluntary subscriptions. One
proposed raising one company, and an
other more sanguine, two, when Ira Al
len arose. But we will let Mr. Thomp
son speak for himself.J
" And I go for neither, Mr. President!"
said Ira Allen, stopping short in his walk,
and turning to the chair. " For I be
lieve the council, on a little reflection,
will conclude to do something more wor
thy of the character of the Green Moun
tain Boys, than the raising of the paltry
force which even the best of these propo
sitions involves. And I doubt not the
means of so doing may be soon and abund
antly supplied, without infringing the
constitution or distressing the people.
And I therefore move, sir, that this coun
cil resolve to raise a full regiment of men,
forthwith appoint their officers, and take
such prompt and speedy measures for
their enlistment, that, within one week,
every glen in Vermont shall resound with
the stir of military preparation."
" Chimerical '" said one, who, in com
mon with the rest of the council, seemed
to hear with much surprise, a proposition
of this magnitude so confidently offered,
when the doubt appeared whether even
the comparatively trifling one of Clark
would be adopted.
w Impossible, utterly impossible to raise
pay for half of them !" responded several
others.
" Don't let us say that till we are com
pelled to do so," said the patriotic Car
penter, in an encouraging tone. " This
jumps so well with my wishes, that I
would not see it hastily abandoned. For,
although I confess I do not pretend to
see where the requisite means are to come
from, yet some new light, in this respect
may break in upon us by another day
And could we but see our way clear to
sustain this proposition, we should feel
like men again."
" Amen toall that," respondend Clark.
And as the hour for adjournment has
now arrived, I move that our young col
league, who offered this proposition with
so much confidence in the discovery of a
way to carry it into execution, and who is
said to be very fertile in expedients, be
appointed a committee to devise the ways
and means of paying the bounties and
wages of the regiment he proposes to
raise ; and that he make his report to the
council by sunrise to-morrow morning."
" Second that motion, Mr. President,"
cried Lyon, in his usual full determined
tone of voice and strong Irish accent.
'I go for the whole of Mr. Allen's propo
sition, means or no means. But the means
can, must, and shall be found, sir ! We
Will put the gentleman' a brains under the
screws to-night," he continued jocosely,
taming to Allen ; ' Aud if he appears
here in the morning empty-handed, he
ought to be expelled from the council.
Ay, and I'll move it, too, by the two bulls
that redeemed me !"
" I accept the terms" replied Allen,
bowing pleasantly to the former. " Give
me a room by myself, pen, ink, paper,
and a lamp, and I will abide the condi
tion." "For your lamp, Mr. Allen, as your
task is to discover money where there is
none, I advise you to borrow the wonder
ful lamp of Aladin," gayly added Row-
Mathew Lvon, who verv soon becnm rr,r,.
noted as a leading partisan in the legislature of
ennom, ana suosequenuy more so as member of
congress from Kentucky, having, as before inti
mated, been sold to pay hit passage from Ireland
to Connecticut, where he landed, ard afterwards
redeemed by the payment of a pair of bulls to the
parchaser, by a gentleman of that state, for whom
he was permitted to labor, at liberal wages, till
this novel kind of indebtedness was cancelled.
And as this bold and siiKrnifir mnn ntprftd nrmn
'h scenes of life as a successful freeman, he was
wl of boastitg of the romantic manner in which
a became one, while the expression, " Ev the
wn duiis that redeemed me," became his favorite
oath on all occasions.
ley, as the question was put, and carried ;
and the council, in a half-serious, half
sportive mood, broke up, and separated
for the night.
At sunrise, the next morning, as had
been proposed, the council punctually as
sembled to receive the promised report
of their committee. Most of them, from
having lodged in the same house, were
aware that Allen had spent the whole of
the intervening time on the business
which had been committed to his charge ;
for, hour after hour, during that import
ant night, they had heard the sounds of
his footsteps, as he continued to walk his
solitary chamber, intensely revolving in
his teeming mind the vexed question,
upon the decision of which he felt the last
chance of making a successful etttnd a-
gainst the invaders of the state would
probably depend. And this and the ex
pectation, which had somehow been gen
erally raised, that he would present some
feasible plan tor carrying out his propo
sals, the character of which no one could
conjecture, caused his appearance to be
awaited with no little curiosity and solic
itude. They were not left long in
suspense ; for scarcely had the president
called the council to order, before Allen
came in, holding in his hand au open
sheet of paper, to which, as the yet un
dried ink showed, he had just committed
the result his night's labor.
" Is the committee, appointed at ad
journment last evening, prepared to make
his report ?" asked the president.
" Fully, your honor," promptly respon
ded Allen, who according then rose and
said,
" My report, Mr. President, consists of
two parts. The first comprises the nom
ination of a list of officers, from colonel to
subaltern, for a regiment, to be styled Tlie
Ranyers. The second part involves
the subject more particularly committed
lo me, and proposes the means of raising
aud supporting them. As the first will
be useless unless the second is adopted, I
will submit it without present reading,
and proceed at once with the second and
more important proposition, which, after
a long aud patient consideration of every
argument for and against the measure, I
have concluded to recommend to the
council, as the best and most effectual
means of securing the desired end. And
that proposition, for the sake of conven
ience, as regards the action of the council
on the principle involed, I have thrown
into the form of the following resolu
tion :
" Resolved, That by specific deee of
this council and under reguK'ons here
after to be made, the eates, both real
and personal, of all nose who have been,
or hereafter n be, indentified as tories,
aiders and abettors of the enemy, within
this stJtce, be confiscated for the military
de&nce therof ; and that so much of said
estates may be needed for the payment of
the bounties and wages of the regiment
now proposed to be raised, be forthwith
seized, and within ten days sold at the
post, for that purpose, by the officers ap
pointed by this council to execute its or
ders and decrees in that behalf."
The speaker without offering any fur
ther remark in explanation or defence of
the measure he had reported, resumed
his seat, and calmly awaited the expres
sion of the council. But they were ta
ken by such complete surprise by a propo
sition so entirely new in the colonies, so
bold and so startling in its character, that,
for many minutes, not a word or whis
per was heard through the hushed assem
bly, whose bowed heads and working
countenances showed how deeply their
minds were engaged in trying to grapple
with the momentous subject, upon which
their action was thus unexpectedly re
quired. At length, however, low mur
murs of doubt or disproval began to be
heard; and soon the expressions, "un
precedented step r "doubtful policy .'" and
" injury to the cause" became distinguish
able among the over-prudent in differ
ent parts of the room ; when Matthew
Lyon sprang to his feet, and, bringing his
broad palms together with a loud slap,
exultingly exclaimed,-
" The child is born, Mr. President !
My head has been in a continual fog,
every hour since we convened, till the
present moment ; and I could see no way
by which we could even begin to do all
that the exigency required, without run
ning against law, or distressing the peo
ple. But now, thank God, I can see my
way out. I can now see.at a glance, how
all can be speedily and righteously ac
complished. I can already see a regi
ment of our brave mountaineers in arms
before me, as the certain fruits of this
bold, bright thought of our sagacious and
intrepid young colleague. TJnpreoedent-
ed step is it? It iay be so with ns tun
id republicans ; but is it so with our ene
mies, who are at this moment threaten
ing to crush us, because we object to re
ceive their law and precedent? How
were they to obtain the lands of the half
of Vermont, which, it is said, they recent
ly offered the lion-hearted Ethan Allen,
if he would join them, but by confiscating
our estates ? What has become of the
estates of those in their own country,
who, like ourselves, have rebelled against
their government ? From time imme
morial they have been confiscated. Can
they complain, then, at our following a
precendent of their own setting? Can
they complain because we adopt a meas
ure, which, in case we are vanquished,
they will not be slow to visit on our es
tates, to say nothing of our uecko ? Can
these recreant rascals themselves, who
have left their property amoBg us, and
gone off to help fasten this very govern
ment, complain at our doing what they
will be the first to recommend to be done
to us, if their side prevails? Where,
then, is the doubtful policy of our antici
pating them in this measure, any more
than in seizing one of their loaded guns
in battle, and turning it against them ?
Injury to the cause, will it be ? Will it
injure our cause here, where men are
daily deserting to the British, in belief
that we shall not dare touch their prop
ty, to strike a blow that will deter all the
wavering, and most others of any proper
ty, from leaving us hereafter ? Will it
injure our cause here to have a regiment
of regular troops, who will, perhaps, draw
into the field four times their number, in
volunteers? If this bean injury, Mr.
President, I only wish we may have, a
few more of them ; for, with half a dozen
such injuries, by the two bulls, we would
rout Burgoyne's whole army in a fort
night. Yes, Mr. President, this measure
must go ; for it promises every thing to
cause, and threatens nothing that honest
patriots need fear ; and had I a hundred
tongues, they should all wag a good stiff
ay for its adoption."
"A bold measure, boldly advocated!"
next spoke Carpenter. " But as bold as
it is, Mr. President, I rise not to condenju
it, but rather to say, that I am determined
to meet it fairly, and without fear ; and if,
when I get cool enough to jnuf -i
make a decision, the objections to it ap-1
pear no more formidable than they now
do, I will give it my hearty support." ,
" Jf the public should call this a des
perate remedy, they must recollect that
it is almost our only one," remarked Olin,
in his cool, quiet manner. " Nothing
venture, nothing have ; let us go for it
who dare !"
" Let us oppose it who dare !" warmly
responded Lyon. " The measure will be
a popular one ; and let it once be known
among the people, as I promise gentle
men it shall be, that this proposition was
considerately recommended to us by a
committee we appointed for the purpose
let this be known, and who among us has
nerve enough to stem the storm of popular
indignation that wdl burst on his head,
for the timid and cowardly policy which
led him to go against it ?"
" Vermont," added Rowley " Ver
mont was the first to show her sister states
the way to take a British fort let her also
be the first to teach them the secret of
making tories bear their proportion of the
burdens of the war. I am already pre
pared to give the measure my support,
Mr. President."
Almost every member, in turn, now
threw in a few observations. The doubts
and fears of the more cautious and wa
vering gradually gave way ; and it soon
became evident that the measure had found
too much favor with the council to be re
sisted. Lyon, with his rough and pithy
eloquence, had broken the ice of timidity
at the right moment ; and he and the
originator of the measure, at first the only
unhesitating members of the assembly,
perceiving the gathering current in its
favor, now warmly followed up their ad
vantage; and within two hours from its
introduction, the resolution was adopted.
This was immediately followed by the
passage of the decree named in the reso
lution, specifying the names of those thus
far fairly indentified as openly espousing
the British cause in Vermont, and declar
ing their estates forfeited to its use. Al
len's proposal to raise a regiment of ran
gers was then, as a matter of course,
unanimously carried, and the officers he
had nominated were, with a few altera
tions, as unanimously appointed. All were
now animated with a new spirit. Hope
and confidence had taken the place of
doubt and despondency in their bosoms,
and the remainder of the day was spent
in carrying out the details of their plan,
- ! which all agreed should now be put in
execution, with the greatest possible
promptitude and seciecy. In this, as
soon as the different appointments, made
necessary for the execution of the decree
were completed by the united action of
the council, all the members, individual
ly, took an active part. And for many
hours, they might have been seen sitting
round the tables, silently and intently
engaged with their peas some in drafting
despatches to be sentti New Hampshire
and Massachusetts, sone in writing confi
dential letters unfoldhg their plan, and
asking the cooperation jf the leading men
in the different parts of their own state,
and some in making out commissions for
the military officers, or the commissioners
and other officers of eor.u Mixtion ; while
others were out, scattering themselves
about town, warily and cautiously inquir
ing out prompt and trusty messeagers, to
be despatched, as soon as it wts dark,
simultaneously and post-haste, to convey
these important missives to their different
destinations round the country. And all
being accomplished, the blow struk,and
the machinery put in motion, the coun
cil concluded to adjourn, to meet again
in a few days at Bennington, the interim
to be spent by them in repairing to their
respective spheres of influence among the
people, and there taking an activs part
in defending and explaining their meas
ures, and assisting to carry them into ope
ration. Such was the origin of those tem;orary
tribunals in Vermont, subsequently termed
courts of confiscation, which firmed a
prominent feature in her early history,
and which furnished, it is believed, the
first example of the exercise of this ex
traordinary power ever known in the
United Colonies during the revolutionary
struggle. And whatever may have been
the effects of this retributive policy in
other states, its results here were salutary
and important. It put an immediate stop to
any further espousing of British interests,
especially among men of property, while,
within the astonishingly short space of fif
teen days, it brought a regiment of men
into the field, well armed and prepared
for instant service, thus securing those
advantages to the defenders of liberty, in
the peculiar posture of affairs in which it
was introduced, and giving that impetus
to their military operations, without which
the brilliant successes that marked the
ensuing campain in Vermont could never
have been obtained, Of this there can
scarcely be a doubt And scarcely less
doubt can there be, that the important
measure in question would not have been
brought forward and adopted at the crisis,
in which alone the advantages it then se
cured could have been derived from it,
but for its sole projector, the sagacious,
scheming, and fearless Ira Allen.
Speculative writers have often amused
themselves in tracing great events to small
causes. And in this they have often
times so wonderfully succeeded, as to
show, beyond the power of man to refute,
some of the most trivial circumstances of
life, considered by themselves; to have
caused the revolution of empires. Were
we to make out an instance of this charac
ter, to be added to the many other re
markable ones which have been noted by
the curious, it should be done by tracing
the independence of America to the mea
sure which Allen so boldly projected, as
he walked his lonely chamber, on the
eventful night we have described. The
independence of the colonies was, at that
dark crisis, balancing, as on a pivot ; and
the success of Burgoyne must seemingly
have turned the scale against us: The
success of Burgoyne, at the same time,
hung on a pivot also; and the victory of
Bennington, with all its numberless direct
and indirect consequences, as bow seems
generally conceded, turned the scale of
his fortunes, when his success, otherwise,
could scarcely have been doubtful. But
the victory of Bennington would never
have been achieved but for the decided
and energetic movement of Vermont,
which alone secured the cooperation of
New Hampshire, or, at least, insured vic
tory, when, otherwise, no battle would
have been hazarded. And that essential
movement of Vermont would never have
been made but for the bold and charac
teristic project of Ira Alien.
All this, to be sure, is but supposition ;
but who can gainsay its truthfulness.
G"A gentleman, in announcing Lis
willingness to take a wife, declares that,
as he is Limself in clover, he has no ob- !
jection to take a lady in weeds.
gg Our language is made up of sixty
parts of Anglo-Saxon tc thirty of Latin,
in an assumed hundred parts, leaving to
tbA Greek nd a'l other knmin tint
we jreeK ana au oiner languages Out
ieo paiu-
From the Herald and Journal.
INDIANS ON THE PACIFIC.
BY BISUOr O. C. BAKER.
The Indians on the Pacific are deeply
degraded. The digger Indians in Cali
fornia are in many respects, to any abo
rigines I have seen. Their stature is
short, but they are tolerably proportioned.
Their hair is black, heavy and matted.
Many of them have hardly a human ex
pression in their countenance , it is more
like that of a furious wild beast. Their
huts are small, low and dirty, constructed
of bark, boughs or old canvas. Their
food consits of acorns, roots, seeds, grass
hoppers, rats, squirrels, rabbits, fish. Arc.
Large quantitiesof grasshoppers are gath
ered by them when they can easily be
obtained, for food. Having been put in
a sack and saturated with salt water,
they are placed for about fifteen minutes
in a hot trench covered with hot stones.
They are then eaten like shrimps, or
ground and mixed with soup or mush.
Some of their customs are exceedingly
revolting, especially their burning of the
dead, and mourning badges. In eoniHion
with the aborigines generally, they be- j
lieve that somewhere in the west are
beautiful camping grounds, where the In-I
dians enjoy perpetual ease and plenty, j
They also believe in the existence of two
invisible spirits, the good and the bail, and
that the heart of man is immortal, and if
the evil spirit can be driven away, or di
verted from beholding the hear', it will
leap from the body, and go away to the
land of rest. Their deep and howling
exclamations at the death of friends, are
not designed merely to give expression to
their grief, but partly to confer a special
blessing on the departed. If by their
noise, the evil spirit can be driven awpy,
or his attention turned to other objects,
the heart can safely pass away. After
the body is suitably arranged on the fu
neral pyre, the dearest friend of the de
ceased comes forward, with torch in hand,
and sets fire to the pile. After the body
is consumed, the allies are gathered up
and surrounded with a rude wreath of
flowers and weeds. Some of the ashes
is mixed with pitch, and the hair and a
part of the face of the relatives is be
smeared with this mixture, ..TLU-is a
mourning badge aud it is suffered to re
main on the face until it wears off, which
usually requires about six months. Some
Indians whom I have seen marked with
this mixture looked really frightful.
The Oregon Indians are greatly supe
rior to the Digger Indians in point of in
tellect. Yet I confess I never looked
upon them but with sorrow and disap
pointment. They are evidently a doomed
race, and not designed by Providence to
continue their nationality. Those especi
ally residing in the valley and in conti
guity to the whites, are passing away like
the morning cloud. Nearly all of them
are more or less diseased, and they seem
to have no recuperative energy in their
systems to counteract the influences of
disease, or power to resist the ordinary
influences of the climate. To view them
in their relations to the dead is to see
them in their true position. They form
a mere funeral train, passing solemnly to
their houses of the dead. And the offi
ces of our holy religion, which the church
can render, are mainly to offer them the
consolations of the gospel on the pillow
of death, or to direct them in their be
reavements to the Lamb of God which
taketh away sin of the world. I hope
their condition is more hopeful than I
have here represented it, but certainly
their state was wholly painful to me.
The burial of the dead among the In
dians is singularly impressive. Could you
witness a funeral train on the Columbia,
where a long line of Indian canoes, in
single file, and with a measured dash of
the paddle approach the houses of the
dead, you feel that human sympathy is
not confined to civilized life. The In
dian with all his degradation and fault-,
loves the dead ! The mode of burial
among the Indians is various. In some
places on the plains, the emigrants saw j
dead bodies wrapt up in skins or blankets, j
and suspended high up in the branches !
of the trees. On the lower Columbia !
tliey frequently bury in Indian canvas.
The dead body is carefully wrapt in
blankets or buffalo robes and deposited in
a canoe, and the canoe safely placed on
some lonely island in the river. On
Mount Collin in the Columbia River I
saw great numbers of canoes, borne of
, , , ,
them were oid and decaying, others were
, . , ... .
apparently in good condiUon and proba -
. , , ,
j W 1116 most. uea '
j tances, which tue deceased possessed,
i Ane practice oi ourying wiia tne QtaJ
, , , , ,
j o
erallly prevails among the Indian tribes J
on both sides of the mountain. A friend
of mine examining a email mound, a few
years ago in the West, dug up the skele
ton of a babe, and by its side was found
the rude rattle with which it had loon ! scon their recent report.. Lut the u'.h.vc
accustomed to beguile its little sorrows, j estimate, based on my personal obsorva
I can appreciate the feelings of that moth- tions und inquiries, proximities I presume
er, who, knowing no bp tier, buried with nearly to the truth.
herinfant child its dearetoy. But the lit
tle ones need no human artifices to :
secure ,
their happiness. They go to the bosom j
of him who said, " Suffer tic little chil-
dren to come unto me, and forbid them !
..... r ... r i . , ,s -. ..
uoi, ioi- oi tucu is me Kinguom ot Uotl. J
While the near relatives of the deceased
survive, they annually revisit their coifiii!
. J
canoes and lurm,Ii tue dead wj;h new
.... -..1 A- Jl TV . Ill
iiiaiinvu ui lUUI-a. xu OiU Xlllliun tulil '
uev. jiro. v . x our nation do not care
(or your people ul.cn they aie. 1 ou ! n th(. Illdian milJll. Tlieir svsiem seems
wrap in their clothing and bury them in j 1f,.fwtlv .Mlaj,twl 0 lhi;i,.tl, ,a 1(.d con.
a box, and you care no more ubou. j Jilion. Their forms and. t-ren.onies, pic
them. V,e care for our people. We ; tlm.s cni,.;fixCll a:i beads, &c.,dclhf
give them new blankets every year." j lu,.ID, wh:!e mondhv thev preach does
On the upper Columbia, houses i;ke(not 6,.CUI ,0 htWf,'ie lliu,.h wilu tln ir
an Indian lodge are built for the dead. pleasures. Oregon Tcniiorv was erect -They
are called Memlot.se houses. At j ,.,1 jIlSo Apo.-tolio Vicariate, in W4.S.
the Cascades, two of these houses wen by i,,,c Gregory 1 Cih. To brother
built near the portage round the rapiJs. ! ow exercise KpNeopal authority over
One of them is still in good repair. Somewhat to formerly Oregon Territory.
boards or planks are used in its construe- j )m. of them reside in Oregon city, and
lion which they have ornamented with J has the f.pecial over-e ht of Oro'ii, and
rude figures of animals and of the. human the other re-ides at Vaneouv r. and pre
face. The oilier has fallen to decay ami j sides over the Nosquallv ,i j.v.-p, which
great quantities of human bones are scat-j embraces the V asl.in t in Territorr. It is
tercd about it. Riding by the bones one
day in company with some Indians, 1
looked to see if I cotdd detect any rever
ence they had for the place of the dead.
Bull could detect i. thing. Perhaps no
dear friend of their' s reposed there. In
some places I saw red streamers flying
from poies raised over the home of the
dead. In other places tin pans, pails,
kettles, &c, are suspended over their
graves. These articles, however, arc
broken or rendered Useless for ordinary
purposes, so that no vile person would be
tempted to carry them awav from their
consecrated ground--,.
The ceremonies of the Indians Lave
been so frequently portrayed that I shall
not attempt to describe them. A friend
of mine who attended the eouncil of the
Indian Onmmis?Jonr clurinjr it 4 t
summer in the Wall VVlia cauulv re
lated to me a ceremony somewhat differ
ent from any I Lave seen described. It
seemed to combine the manifestation'! ol
opposite affections revenge, glorying
over the fall of an enemy, and the tender
passion seeking its reciprocal manifesta
tion. A large circle of young maiden
was formed standing closely as possible
to each other. In the centre was an old
woman holding up the scalp of an enemy.
When the native music commenced the
young maidens with exact time wot 1 la 1
dance in unison, leaping from the ground
and advancing perhaps, some three or
four inches at a time in their circuit
around the centre. The old woman in
the centre was with horrid grimaces and
violent gesticulations pouring contempt
upon the quivering sculp, and shoving
how she would utterly destroy her ene
mies, and feeding the revenge of some
bereaved family whose circle had been
broken by some one of the race whose
scalp was the exhibited, or inflating the
vanity of some valient brave who had
brought in the scalp as a jieculiar martial
trophy. But the young people, it seemed,
were far from indulging the feelings of
war. As the maidens came round the
circle, in their dunce, a young Indian j
would gently tap on the shoulder of th- j
maiden whom he would specially honor,
and if Lis regard wa3 mutually recipro
cated, some outward expression would bf
made, to the evident satisfaction of the
young gallant; but if the maiden showed
by countenance or waive of the Land that
. .
Ins suit was rejected, the youn man suf
J '
fered no little mortification under the
iauntings and loud laughter of Lis asso -
Ciates. Rafuer a perilous mode It would
1
seem to read human hearts.
No traces of outward worship exist
among the Oregon Indians. Ju this re-
spectall our aborigines are similar. Their
methciue men iiave certam ineiuitai.ons
m wtjich spiritual agencies are invoked,
but as a race they build no altars, tny
have no distinct religious rites, and yet;
tLey acknowledge a superintending pow-j
er, and believe iu a future stale. 0ir
missionaries were the first to enter the
country. They reached Oregon in tV !
fi.lt i.f 18"! t!,e TWiiS.tterittft in IfcSfi '
i , ,, . ,. . , .,-.,. :
i the I.niseiwUians in Iou , ana toe Cam- ,
I ,. .' , ' ,.
.olicsin Ihe hpiscopauatis hn e
1 ,. . ,. , ,, ,'
, a diocese in Oregon under tne care o! ;
i;si,op Scott of Portland. TL.re are
j fonr r flV dlUrr!l
T, , . .
iTbe I rnbvtnans or CofijTc.'a;iona!tsU!
land the Jiajiin I base taeh some ten
twelve different churches. The Unite
Brethren and the Protestant Methodists
have each some three or four principal
charges. The ixaet stall-lies of these
denomlnalions I oat. not irive. not Laviii-
TUe Cnaipbcllites are found in poar'y
every iart of Ore-son in small muubers
but do not seem to be everting anv do
cided true religious, influence. The Bap
tists have a college or by i school in Ore
goncify, and the Prc-but-riaiis
Potest Virove Prairie
is one on
"-A ., 1; ,o,r 1 i .r
i f i - stall missionary work has a. I
iH!l. ,), ,w
sts, rnd the
l 'it, y (e riy n
and the Catholics. The
Catholic have exerted a strong influence
unpo-sihle to estimate correct U , their
number. in the Territories. Their prin
cipal stations ftlnoi.g ihe white settle
ments are at the French Pruiries, Ore
gon city, Poriand, Vancoeve.-. the. Cow
litz, and two or three places near Vur.i'i
Sound. Their Indian mi.sina station
are widely spread from the Dalles to the
Walla Walla, to Fort C olville, mu even
near the bae of the Rocky MoiiiUnitw
In 147 they published that th-y Lad
eighteen chapels and six thousand con
vert'. But I in ii p'ir.-iiadrd that their
influence in the territorv has not orly
relatively but really diminished since that
time. Their schools at the French Prai
ries and Oregon city have both been
elided up, and I am not aware that l!ey
have opened denominational schools in
fl;r fil-ict-. Tim !iu!:u:i. iirnoratlt atid
uncultivated, cannot appreciate t lie d:s! ir.c
tive doctrinal differcencs of iLe different de
nominations and hence slnre they can o! -tain
so easy indulgences for their crinvw,
they seem lo prefer (hat denomination
which offers eternal life the eiiexpest atid
easiest to the poor naties.
The Spokan, among whom the Pres
byterians Lad a mission, will not, it is said
receive a Catholic mis-ioriary. This Tact
shows how stieees-f'ttlly their early mis
sionaries instilled into their minds the
elementary principles of the Guspel.
Anita ah tie; tai., and cmnnotlor
among tin- Indians in Oregon, the Cath
olics have contrived to keep on good t. r :s
with the Indian-.
S'lve the Pro'e-taef ra'ssio-iaries have
been driven by war from the Indian couti
try in 1847, some Ind'an families Iae
kept tip the forms of domestic worship in
their wigwams. And wea-iotady an in
cident occurs showing that the former
services of the missionaries sre not with
out their influence. A Click itat Indian
showed, a year or two since, one of our
ministers a Testament which he received
from Bro. Perkins in the days of th.
eatly mission. lie kept it carefully rolled
in a skin and though he could not read lie
knew it was the gixsl book, and said lie-it
he occasionally wa- a-ed (preach d to)
tlie Indians.
Gl-IMI SK OK Lou CliOO. I thought
I Lad never seen a more lovely land-
seaijft than tlie ishiuf! ti-esejili rl. Tl.e
, , , , , ... '
bay was clasped bv an amphitheatre ot
!', i
gently undulating lolls, in some places
, i , ,- ,
; terraced with waving nce-hcM-, m oiii-
l , . . ' .. i
I ers covered with greenest turf, or dotted
: . e. n .
with picturesque jrroups of trees. Bow-
i i . . .i
! ers ol tne fcatnery bninboo next to tlie
! ,,aiJaj ,. ,o-Hc ful of trees almost
j (.0,u.,.u:t:,i dwei.ings which netled
J to-elher in the little delis opening into
: !,,,. ,! :,;,?, w;ti, t'.eir stoi.e en-
! closures, and roofs of red ti
s, tonie-o ui
mn we had
a mu,.u Lber eiv-il-iatioti
expected. Tuyhr.
Tastf. There are ni-ri with eve in
their lteaL, chrt-w d an4 ell-lorirtg withat,
who yet are blind . half the pleasures
.K.,.. T t. -,.,,:..,...! .!-. ,1...
,- , . , ,
.-twKun Lnnurtent, tlie varied eartn.
.
tne boundlc-n ocean, are not for tif-.n;
.
ihev we them, indeed, and so due
- j Lo
I.a
nut LxiKn. H-!;.u
or young
lad v out of A v. O '
s
I
I
J