T il 13 V O I C 13 O F F lt E 13 J3 O M .
Extracts from Jny's "View of the Action of
the Federal fcovprnmeiit in Uehalf of Slavery."
. Second EJitiun.
ORIGIN OF TUB FLORIDA WAH.
It will be recollected, that in 1S1G, the slave
holders complained that their fugitive slaves found
refuge in Florida, then belonging to the crown of
Spjin : and that, regardless ct the oblitrmions
neutrality, a naval force had been sent by the Gov
ernment up the river Apalachicola, to destroy a fort
containing about DDI) negroes, most of whom were
slaughtered. Ihis territory was afterward ceded
to the United btates; and lor several years past
the Government has been waging a relentless and
most disastrous war against its aboriginal inhabit
ants, with the avowed design of driving them
from the Peninsula. It is not our design to write
the history of this war, but merely to expose its
true origin, and to explain the motives which have
led the whiles to insist on the expulsion of the
Seminoles, and the causes which have induced
the latter to offer assistance unparalelled in sav
age wanare, lor persevering ana desperate cour
age and ferociiy.
The sacrifice on our part, of blood, of treasure.
and of military honor in this war, is well known
to be prodigious. Thirty millions of dollars Lave
already, it is said, been expended our best gener
als have been baliieu, and their laurels withered
and our troops have perished in great numbers, in
contests with their savage foe, and by the sick
ness of the climate. And yet no rational cause is
assigned by the Government for this disastrous
var. No reason is given why it is necessary, a
nil hazards, and at every expense, to drive the
Seminoles from Florida. The whites are few in
number, have far more land than they can occupy
ana certainly do not want Hie wet and unwhole
some everglades possessed by the Indians, and in
to which, we are told, white men can only pene
trate at certain seasons of the year, without expo
sing their lives to certain destruction. But were
the Seminoles so numerous that it was necessary
lo remove them, to make room for the whites, or
so povverlul as to render it unsafe to plant white
settlements in Florida ? We learn from official
reports, that they numbered about 3000 ! Ma
jor-General Jessup, the commanding officer of the
army, and well acquainted with the existing con
dition of the Territory, in a letter to the Secreta
ry of War, Feb. 11, 1S3S, makes the following
canuiu avowal.
" We have committed the error of attempting
to remove them (the Seminoles) when their lands
were not required for agricultural purposes ; when
they were not in the way of the white inhabit'
lints, and when the greater portion of their coun'
try was an unexplored wilderness, of the interior
of which we were as ignorant as of the interior ol
China
.. . I do not consider the country south of Chick
asa Hatchee worth ike medicines we shall expend
in driving the Indians from it." Why, then, all
tms waste ol blood and treasure i We answer
TO PREVENT FUGITIVE SLAVES FROM FINDING-AN ASY'
LUM AMONG THE INDIANS !
We well know how unwillingly this truai will
be received by those among us who contend that
the North has nothing: to do with slavery; butwc
appeal to facts and to facts about which there is
and can be no dispute.
Florida borders upon two slave States, Alaba
ma and Georgia, and is not far distant from two
other?, Mississippi and Louisiana. It is not, there
fore, surprising that slaves from these States, es
caping from their masters, should seek refuge in
the huts of the Seminoles. We have already seen
that the Federal Government have lately awarded
upwards of $5000 to the gallant officers and sea
men who destroyed 300 fugitive slaves in Flori
da, in 1S16. The terrible example then made,
was not, it seems effectual ; for in 1S25, the War
Department issued an order on the subject of fu
gitive slaves among the Seminoles, and the Indian
Ajent at Tallahassee was directed to take meas
ures to enable the claimants to identify their prop
erty for its immediate restoration. " Let the
Chiefs distinctly understand," wrote the Agent, a
greeably to his instruction, "that they are not to
harbor runaway negroes ; and that they will be re
quired to give such negroes as are now residing
within their limits."
An Alabama paper, speaking of the war, makes
the following confession : "It is the power to entice
nwav and instruct in bush-fighting so many of
our slaves, that we would wish to annihilate.
These Seminoles cannot remain in the Peninsula
of Florida without threatening the internal safe
ty of the South."
In 1S34, a petition signed by about one hun
dred of the inhabitants of Alachua County, Flori
da, was presented to President Jackson, praying
for his interposition against the Seminoies.
" While the lawless and indomitable people
(says the petition) continue where they now are,
the owners of slaves in our territory, and even in
the Slates contiguous, cannot for a moment, in any
thing like security, enjoy the possession of this des
cription of property. Does a negro become tired
of the service of his owner, he ha3 only to flee to
the Indian country, where he will find ample safe
ty against pursuit. It is a fact which, if not sus
ceptible of proof, is, notwithstanding, and upon
good ground, firmly believed, that there is at this
tinie living under the protection of the Seminole
Indians, a large number, probably more than one
hundred slaves, who have absconded from their
masters in the neighboring States and in Florida,
since the treaty of Camp Moultrie. Within a few
weeks several parties are known to have sought
and found shelter in the nation where t'.ey con
tinue secure against exery effort of their owners to
recover them. .
There are, as it is beleived, more than five hun
dred negroes residing with the Seminole Indians,
four-fifths of whom are runaways, or descendants
of runaways It is perfect
ly obvious that during the existence of such a state
of things, the interests of this fertile and promis
ing section of Florida cannot flourish : and we are
constrained to report that there is no rational pros
pect for the better so long as the Indians are suf
fered to remain in their present location."
The petition concludes with recommending
" the immediate and efficient action of the Gov
ernment." In the spring of 1S39, a sort of armistice was
concluded with the Seminoles. This gave vast
offence to the slaveholders, and at n public meet
ing held at Tallahassee, it was resolved, "That
the peninsula of Florida is the last place in the
limits of the United States wherein the Indians j
should be permitted to remain." For this as
sertion, thefollowing among other reasons was as-tigted.
" If located in Florida, all the runaicay slaves
will find refuge and protection with them."
The New Orleans Courier of the 27th July,
1839, in reference lo this same subject remarks,
' Every year's delay in subduing the Seminoles.
adds to the risk of their being joined by runaway
slates from the adjacent Stales, and increases the
danger of a rising among the serviles."
Slavery, then, is the key which unlocks the
enigmas of the Florida war. To break up a ref
uge for runa vay slaves, thirty millions have al
ready been expended: and if necessary thirtv
millions more will be expended for the same ob
ject.
But it may be said, however satisfactorily the
foregoing facts may account for the conduct of the
federal Uovernment, they do not explain the as
tonishing and peculiar inveteracy manifested by
these Seminoles towards the whites. Other tribes
have without difficulty been removed to the west
of the Mississippi ; why then do these Indians a
lone offer n resistance to a superior power, deter
mined and more heroic than perhaps any recor-
ueu in nisiory f Again does slavery solve the
difficulty.
It is very obvious that the Seminoles have been
universally exasperated. Their extreme hatred to
the whites, has unquestionably been owing in part
to the gross and wicked frauds which they believe
iw.tnioo mucn apparent reason; were practiced in
the treaty of Payne's Landing, under which they
were required to remove from Florida. But the
great and prevailing cause of their deep-seated hos
tility, is to be sougnt lor in a long train ol Irauds
and injuries of which they have been the victims.
on account of their slaves ; and likewise in the
dread of Christian slavery, entertained bv the
negroes who belong to, or have joined the Semin
oles.
Of all the hostile chiefs, the most active, perse
vering snd daring, was the celebrated Oseola. It
is said that this man's mother was seized and car
ried into Georgia as a slave, under pretence that
she was the daughter of a fugitive ncgress. If
this story, which has found its way into the pub
lic papers, be true, the wrongs of the mother have
been terribly avenged by the son.
lhat the reader may understand the narratives
we are about to lay before him, he must bear in
mind that the Seminoles, like their more civilized
neighbors, are slaveholders but, unlike them, thev
exercise their authority in such a manner as to ren
der their slaves unwilling to leave them. The
ives are in lact little more than tenants of kind
ind familiar landlords, and regard with horror
the very idea of being transferred from their hea
then to Christian masters. But there were many
of the whites, who were exceedingly anxious to
make the transfer. The agent, YVily Thompson,
thus wrote to the Secretary of War : (Oct. L'7,
lad-l.) " lhere are many very likely nejrroes in
this nation. Some of the whites in the adjacent
settlements manifest a restless desire to obtain them
and I have no doubt that Indian-raised nerrroes
are now in possession of the whites."
1 he volume of documents submitted to Congress
3d June, 1S36, and entitled "Seminole hostilities,"
from which we nuote, contains many illustrations
of the agent's assertion ; we can spare room for
only a portion of them.
It appears that Conchattunico, a Florida chief,
was the possessor of a number of slaves, the title
to whom was disputed by another Indian, who sold
his claim to a white man. The means taken by
the publisher to obtain the slaves, are thus descri
bed by the Agent in his letter to the War Depart
ment, Jan. 20, 1S3-1.
"1 was informed by the sub-ngent, that Con-
chattimico sent a runner for him not long since ;
that he immediately repaired to 'he old chief's
town, where he nrrived in the night, and found the
Indians and negroes greatly excited and in arms;
ind that verv soon thereafter Vacca 1 echasse, with
fifteen or more of his warriors in arms arrived, for
the purpose of aiding in resistance of a threatened
violent attempt to force the slaves out of Concha. -timico's
possession. Persons interested in the nd
verse claim, were frequently seen hovering about
the reserve; and the chief was informed that at
tempts had been made to bribe commanders of
steamboats, on the river, to aid in accomplishing
capture of the slaves.
Under such circumstances I could
not but approve the order given by tho sub-agent
to Conchattimico, to defend his property by force
should a violent attempt be made to wrest it lrom
linn.
Shortly after this, Judge Cameron, of the Uni
ted States District Court, investigated the white
man's claim to the slaves, and pronounced
groundless. Notwithstanding this decision, the
claim was again sold to a company of whites, who
resolved to relieve the chief of his property. But
as the chief intended to protect it by force of arms,
the enterprise was not free from danger. I he
expedient resorted to by the kidnnppers is thu
explained in a letter from the late Governor ol
the Territory to the Secretary of War, 23d May.
' I herewith transmit you a petition from the In
dian chief Conchattimico, to be laid before Con
gress should you consider that necessary. Tu-
king forcibly the slaves ol this chief, alter those
men had created on alarm amonc- the white in
habitants which resulted in disarming the Indians,
was an outrage well calculated to rouse them to
hostility. The alarm was concertedby these vio
ators of all law, solely with the view of obtaining
without danger of resistance, the slaves ol the chief.
have no expectation the slaves referred to in the
petition will ever be obtained, as I take it fcr
granted they have been carried to a great distance
and sold."
This Conchattimico was a friendly chief, hav
oc no intercourse with the hostile Seminoles;
but on the report being raised that he was about
to join the enemy, he surrendered his arms to quiet
the apprehensions, real or affected, of his white
neighbors. JNo sooner had h'j thus rendered him
self defenceless, than a party of Georgians carried
off his slaves twenty in numher, and valued at
$15,000.
We have already seen how profitable it is for a
Georgian to loose a slave among the Indians ; but
Congress has provided no fund to indemnify the
ndian master lor the slaves ol which he may be
robbed by the Georgians.
Another friendly Florida chief, Pechassie, thus
complains to the agent, (2Sth July 1S35,) "I am
induced to write to you in consequence of 1 lie de
predations making, and attempted to be made on
my faim. by a company of men, negro-stealers ;
some of whom are from Columbus, (Georgia) and
have connected themselves with Brown and Doug
las. It is reported, nnd believed by all white
people around here, that a large number of them
will very shortly come down here, and attempt to
lake off Billy, Jim, Rose and her family, nnd oth
ers (slaves.) . . . I should like to have you
atK ise how I should act. I dislike to make any
trouble, or have any difficulty with the white peo
ple ; but if they trespass on mv premises, and
on mv rights, I mu.n defend myself the best way I
can. ..... Please direct me how to net in
ihis matter. Douglas nnd his company hired n
man, uho has tiro large trained clogs for the pur
pose, to come down and take Billy. The man came,
but seeing l;e could do nothing alone, lias gone oil
somewhere, prohahly to recruit. lie is from Mo
bile, and follows for a livelihood catching runaway
negroes with these large dogs."
By a letter from the United States Attorney, we
find that Pechassie was subsequently "robbed of
nil the negroes he had, some six in number."
As these robberies were committed on friendly
chiefs, and after the commencement of the Semi
nole war, they excited the attention and alarm of
the officers of Government, and hence probably it
is that official notice was taken of them. They
may give us some idea of the provocation which
preceded and caused the war. Indeed the docu
ments before us incidentally show, lhat the "likely
negroes" of the Seminoles now in arms," were as
strongly coveted .by the whites, as the slaves of
the friendly chiefs. By a treaty made with the
Seminoles in 1S32, the Federal Govenment with
its usual solicitude for the interests of slaveholders,
assumed the payment of all claims on the Indians
lor " Slavics and other property to the amount o
7,000. A scramble of course ensued for the mon
ey, & a voluminous correspondence took place be
tween the Agent and Secretary ot War, respec
ting claims for Indian slaves ; & it appears that the
Seminoles had been harrassed for years by the
contrivances ol the whiles to rob them of their
slaves. The following is a sample. It seems thai
a Mrs. Ilanna claimed a negro woman and her
increase, in possession of the Seminoles. The claim
had been made known to the war department, and
so long ago as the Sth March, 1S2S, the following
mandate had been issued to the Indian agent.
" The Secretary of War directs that you forthwith
deliver to Mary Ilanna, widow, or her agent, the
slaves claimed by her, and take a bond imposing
the obligation on her to abide by such decision as
it may be esteemed proper to seek, in testing the
righr of ownership in the property in question."
VV e have here a specimen of the justice meted
by our government to the Indians. A woman
claims a slave in the possession of an Indian.
Without the slightest inquiry into the justice of
the claim, the property is ordered to be wrested
forthwith from the possessor and delivered to the
claimant', and then as il m utter mockery, the wo
man is to ffive her bond to abide any decision lhat
may hereafter be made as to the legality of her
claim. Who is to obtain this decision ? Certain
ly not the woman, and should the poor ignorant
Indian go to law, where would he look for Mrs.
Ilanna and her slaves ? From some cause not
xplained, the wicked and absurd order of the
Secretary was not executed ; and on the 2d March,
1S35, seven years after, a second order from the
Secretary ol War directed the agent " to n fiord
whatever facilities may be in his power, upon the
claim being established by proper proof before the
competent tribunal, to have the property restored
to Mrs. Ilanna. Should the reader be struck
with the remarkable moral difference between
these two orders, the explanation is easy the
office was filled nt the time of the first order by a
sluvsholder; at the time of the second, by a north
ern gentleman. The agent now investigated ihe
case, and it was discovered that the faiher of Mrs.
Hannn, about the year 1S1-5, had sold the wo
man in question, then full grown, to a Seminole,
for forty steers, and had afterwards, as was alleged
given the same woman to his daughter : and on
this pretended gift Mrs. Ilanna claimed, noi
merely the woman, who had now lived twenty
five years with the Indians, but also all the chil
dren she had bouie with i h that lime!
On the 12th of December, 1S3-1, the agent wrote
to the Secretary, that a Seminole woman of the
name of Nelly, inherited from her father "a con
siderable number of slaves," that n man named
Floyd claims the whole of them by virine of a
bill of sale, and that Nelly insists that " Floyd im
posed upon her by presenting for signature a bill of
sale for all her negroes, instend of a written au
thority to him to recover some from her.'' The
acrcnt add?, he has seen one who pretends that
Floyd paid her for the negroes, and that the uni
versal impression is that she Was grossly imposed
upon.
If civilized and Christian slaveholders are ready
to murder, or, to use Jlr. rreston s phrase, to
HxVNG abolitionists for questioning their moral
right to hold property in man; we may judge
what must have been the exasperation of the
Seminoles at these multiplied attempts to rob them
of their slaves.
There is still another mode in which slavery
has operated to produce and continue the war in
Florida. Although the expulsion of the Semin
oles from the peninsula was devoutly desired by the
whites, no inclination was felt to send their " likely
negroes" to the the west of the Mississippi. Of
these negroes some were stolen, others claimed
under fraudulent pretexts, and others it was pro
posed to purchase of their masters. General K.
K. Cal addressed a letter to President Jackson,
(22d March, 1S35,) asking leave " to purchase one
hundred and fifty" of the Seminole negroes.
" These negroes," he affirms, " are" violently op
posed to leaving the country. If the Indians are
permitted to convert them into sr-cciE, one great
obstacle in the way of removal may be overcome."
The applicant was informed that no permission
was necessary there being no legal prohibition
to the Indians selling their slaves. Agents were
forthwith despatched to the nation, to buy up
negroes. Mr. W, Thompson, the agent, howev
er, assumed the responsibility of prohibiting these
agents faom commencing their negotiations; and
assigned his reasons in a very able letter to the
Secretary of War (27 lb. April, 1S35.) The in
tercourse law," he remarked. " prohibited the pur
chase of an Indian pony by a member of civilized
society, without permission from the agent, nnd
why ? but because the Indian is considered in a
state of pupilage, and incapable of protecting him
self against the arts and wiles of civilized man.
If the Indian's interest in a pony is of so much
importance in the estimation of the government.
as to require such strict guards to be thrown a-
round it, the protection ol his interest in Ins slave
should be esteemed more important, by as
much as the latter is more valuable than the for
mer species of property. If in the regulation of!
ponies the United States exercise a rightful pow
er, the obligation on them to guard the interests
of the Indian in his slave, is more imposing. The
negroes in the nation dread the idea of being
transferred from their present state of ease and
comparative liberty, m bondage and hard labor,
on sugar and cotton plantations.
"They have always had a Lvent influence over
the Indians. They live in villages separate, and
in many instances remote from their owners, and
enjoy equal liberty with their owners, with the
single exception that the slave Mipplio his own
er annually from the product of his little field, vviili
corn in proportion 10 inc amount oi the crop in
no instance that has come so my knowledge, ex
ceeding ten bushels; the residue is considered
the property of the slave. Many of these slaves
have stocks of horses, cows and hogs, with which
the Indian owners never assume a right to inter
meddle. I am thus particular on this point, that
yo'." may understand the true cause of the abhor
rence ol the negroes of every idea of change. Ann
the indulgence so extended to the slave, will cna
able you to credit the assertion, lhat an Indian
would almost an soon sell 7iis child as his slave, ex
cept when under the influence ol intoxicating
liquors."
We nave here a picture ol certainly a very ex
traordinary system of slavery. Slaves abhorring-
a change, and masters no more thinking of sel
ling a slave than a child ! But then these Indians
were heathen, and perhaps it was from not adver
ting to the fact, that General Call took for grant
ed they would be glad to convert men, women,
and children into specie. President Jackson was
equally inconsiderate. The agent was answered,
"The President is of opinion, that the opportuni
ty to sell their slaves will ba an inducement
for the Seminoles lo remove. . . . Nor is it con
sidered that the permisssion to the Indians to sell,
would be. an inhuman act. It is not to be presumed
the condition of these slaves would he worse than
that of others in the same section of the country."
lo this presumption of executive philanthropy
the agent forcibly replied, (June 17th, 1535,)
"The remarks in your letter that "it is not to be
presumed the condition of these slaves would be
worse than that of others in the same section of
country, is true: yet you will agree with me, that
the same remark is applicable to myself, or aay
other individual in theUnited States, as we should,
if subjected to sla'very, be in the precise condition
of our fellow slaves. . . . Any one at all ac
quainted with the condition of the negro, as con
nected with his Indian owner here, could not fail
to admit that the change with him would be op
pressively great." Mr. Thompson farther remar
ked lo the Secretary of ar, "II the department
could be satisfied that the undeniable abhorrence
of the negroes in this nation to the idea of being
transferred from the present state of ease and com
parative freedom, to sugar and conlton plantations,
under the control of severe task-masters, had been
made lo subserve the views of government by in
ducing the negroes to exert their known influ
ence over the Indians, through pledges made lo
them, accompanied by assurances that their remo
val west would, more than any thing else, serve
to secure the existing relations between them and
the Indians, then surely the department, instead
of classing ihem with the Indian skins nnd furs,
would require a punctillious redemption of those
pledges. 1 have not heard of a solitary Indian
desiring the privilege to sell."
The President at last yielded, and the agent
was authorized to prohibit any person entering
the nation to buy slaves. But it was loo late
the negroes well L ew how anxious the whites
were to possess them and ihey reasonably feared
that if Hie iudians were expelled, instead of being
permitted to accompany their kind masters, they
would l e consigned to the cruel and detested ser
vice of Georgia and Alabama planters. Hence,
impelled by the most powerful motives which can
stimulate the heart and nerve the arm of man,
they resisted to the utmost the emigration of their
masters, and in the deadly struggle that ensued,
evinced their devotion to the Indians, and success
ful courage which may well send a thrill of fear
ful anticipation throughout the slave region.
We now submit to our readers whether the facts
we have exhibited do not prove beyond ail doubt
lhat the blood and treasure expended in the Flori
da war, have been expended for the sole purpose
of breaking vp a refuge, for fugilice slaves ; and
thntrme Seminoles have been goaded into their
extraordinary and desperate resistance, hi the.
frauds and robberies of slaveholders ?
PROSPECTUS OF A NEW PERIODICAL
l'LjiOM'NATED THE
OR MORAL EXPUEGA i OR, AND SCIEN
TIFIC AND LITERARY EXPOSITOR.
ST ia in contemplation to commence Hie issue of a sem
monthly Periodical, upon (lie first of January, 1840r
willi tlio foregoing unique cognomon, and whicli is design
ed to bo entirely original, and lo be presented to its patrons'
in (lie slate of a well executed royal octavo of sixteen double-column
piis s, nnioiinling, in the year, to nearly one
thoiisaud of thoe ordinarily prcsemed in the book form;
constituting n volume which, it is intended, shall be as
useful as ample, and which is oiTered lo subscribers, a
the uncompcnsalory price of two dollars a year, payable
however, unexceptionably in advance.
The object of the present enterprise is Mi lo create r
subslilule for those more elaborate, volumiuons and supe
rior Periodicals, with which persons who are able may be
abundantly supplied from abroad; but to alford a cheap
and convenient vehicle for recording and circulating the .
readable lucubrations of our sectional Literati; and which,
we hope, will be, the more abundantly elicited in tliechai
actcr of manuscript contributions, by the proffered opfor
unity for promulgation.
The character of the work is designed to be neither tL ec
ological, political, sectarian nor partial; and, therefore,
open to universal, chasie discussion and recuperative irony
Its columns are intended tobe, mostly, appropriated to the
investigation of physical and intellectual humanity; to the
contemplation of man as a moral and social being, whelm
ed in responsibilities, ignorance and delinquency, with
their, inevitably, disastrous consequences; to expose and
reform the ignorance, error and viccB of society, by reflec
ting, convincingly, upon each, ils deformity, hazards nnd
eatastrophips, and lo scourge or ridicule, both, fashionable
anil unfashionable licentiousness and folley, out of credit
with their votaries, and nut of humor wilh themselves: Iir
fine, it is intended as an oracle, through which, (ruth may
be fearlessly tillered; and in whose responses, Virtue sltaH
find ample encouragement to emulation, while Vice shall
see Mene Tel,el written on every wall of its habitation.
These arc tlmself-evidently, laudable objectp, for thecal--tainment
of whicli our conlemp'alcd periodica! is lo be in--
stituted ; and for whoso encouragement, we would, confi
dently, yet courteously, present our claim (o public pat.jon
agc; not, however, without the provision of its being cheer
fully relinquished, whenever the value of the work ifcalL
havo tailed to jnstifv ils continuance.
Monlpclicr, Oct.'lS3!.
Bv the nrovisional Editorial Committe-
EMERY A. ALLEN,
ook, Jot Ij'a, .2WW
f WAVING procured from Biiston new and elegan' founts
A of the mos.t FASHIONABLE TVPE, is prepared, to
prosecute the above business, in all ils branches : ;ind has
no hesitation in saying that all work entrusted to h'im will
be executed in a style not inferior to that of a v oth
er establishment in Vermont.
ICJ ('dice, one door east from the Post-Oflice sti's!
"J? y 3TERINOS, cheaper than ever, mav be found at
lV.al J EWETT, I IOWES & C( ' .?.
Sept. 27. 39:1 Jwis
HAT, CAP AND FITII STOiRR
J.
STATE St., MONTPELIER, Vt.
E. BADGER & SON, have this day receiv ed into
J partnership Mr. DAVID PARTRIDGE: r md tha
business, at the old stand, will in future be conclude. under
the firm of
BADGER & PARTRIDGE,
who have on hand, and will constantly keep for sal t Hats
Caps, Furs, Suspenders, Gloves, Hosiery, &c. Tliey
wuld return their thanks to the citizens of Monlpel tec and"
vicinity for the liberal patronage heretofore extendet" I to thist
establishment, and solicit a continuance of the sam c.
N. B. Merchants supplied with Hats, of all V inds, at
citv prices.
All persons indebted to the late firm of J. E,
& Son, are requested to call and settle, and m
ments.
Montpelier, Oct. 7, 1839.
Badger
le pay-
40:tf
Mr. Thompson was not an abolitionist, but had lately
been a representative in Congress from the Slate of Geor-
NATURE'S GRAND
RATIV
A portion of (hem were claimed by another Indian.
I
THIS VALUABLE VEGETABLE MEDI
CINE STANDS UNRIVALLED FOR THE
FOLLOWING COMPLAINTS VIZ:
I,ISPEPSIA or Indigestion, Diseased Liver, Bilious
w Disorders, Dropsy, Asthma, Costiveness, Worms
and loss of appetite, and by cleansing the stomach and
bowels, cures pains in the side, stomach and breast, Colds
and Coughs of long standing, Hoarseness, shortness of
breath, Nervous complaints &c, which are frequently the
effect of. disease. For Fever and Ague it is a most val
uable preventative as wall as a sovereign remedy. Ils
virtues surpass any thing heretofore known in removing
St. Vitus' Dance, two bottles have hesn known to cure j
this afflicting disease, after having baffled every exertion :
lor lour years, it lias a mom puwcnui uiuuciice in reiuu-
ving nervous complaints. It is pleasant to take, and so
easy in its operation, that it may be administered to the
infant with safety.
The above medicine is highly recommended bv the Rev.
E. J. Scott, of Barre ; J. Buck, Attorney at Law, North
field; S. Hicks and L. Beck ley, Hardwick; Rev. Charles
D. Cahoon, Lyndon; Rev. E. Jordon. Bollows Falls; Doct.
Cyrus Butterfield, Brattlebnro; and G. Horn, Rochester,
Vt.; and II ev. Geo. .Vtorrs, Portsmouth, N. II.; and Har
riet G. Raymond N. Y.: aud many others who have been
cured by thisvMedicina. It may be had wholesale or re
tail of S. Britain, Barre; and J. C. Farnam.Wiliiamslown,
sole proprietors; and E. II. Prentiss Montpolior, and it
may be had in most of the principle towns in the state.
40: Cm
Attention Artillery Companies i !
R. R. RIKER, X
(Slate srect, opposite the Ban' ,)
AS this day received from NEW-YORK, Scarlet
Broad Cloth, for Military Companies' Unifor ns, Ar
tillery Buttons, Yellow Wings for Saigeants, Re i Cock
feathers, Red Pompoms, Red 12 inch Vulture ?lumes
Yellow Lace, Yellow F.pauletts, Red Sashes &c. Jot sale
cheap for cash.
SO doz. Infantry Hal Plates, While CocV feathers, White
Wings for SargcaniF, 12 inch White Vulture 1 umes
Swords and Belts, Flat Eagle Buttons, Laces, Ep ulettpr
&c. for sale cheap for cash.
Montpelier, June 10, 1830 ; t4:tf
MILITARY GOODS.
TUST received from New York, by It. R. HI KERr
9S Slale street, opposite the Bank, a large assortm nt of
MILITARY GOODS, suitable for the present regu Jatibn.
of tha Militia of this Slate. Torms Cath.
b:iieos.
A FEW pieces of choice Bonnet Ribbons may be 1 4und?
at JEWETT, IIOWE9 it CO..TB
Sept. 27. 39:8v ris
THE VOICE OF FREEDOM
Is published every Saturday morning, at $2 a year, pay
able in advance. If payment be delayed till the eirl of.'
(he year, Fifty Cents will be added.
Advertisements inserted at the usual rales.
Subscriptions, and all letters relating to business, shctild.
be addressed to the Publisher : letters relating to. the di
torial department, to the Editor. Communications intend
ed for publication should bo signed by the proper name of
the writer. CJf foilage must ue paw. in au eases.
Agents of the YVmont Anti-Slavery Society, and offieern.
of local anti-slavery societies throughout the state, are au.
thorized to act as agents for this paper.
IrU3 Office, one door West from the Post-Oflice, SlaU si
CUTLER & JOHNSON,
SADDLE, HARNESS
AND TRUNK
State Street, (Opposite the Bank $
Mont ilieb, Vt
lirandon, Dr Hale.
Jamaica, L Merrifield, Esq.
Hubbardton, W C Denison.
Norwich, Sylvester Morris.
Hartford, Geo. Udall, Esq.
Tunbrhlge, Hervey Tracy.
Strafford, W Sanborn, Esq.
ISamet, L f 1'arks, Esq.
Morristown,Uev S Robinson
Morrisville, L P Poland, Esq
Cornwall, B F Haskell. ,
Craflnbury, W J Hastings.
Westford, R Farnsworth.
Ksncx, Dr J W Emerv.
Uunderhill, Rev E B Baxter.
Barnard, Bey T Gordon.
East Barnard, W Leonard.
TValden, Parley Foster.
Starksboro', Joel Battcy.
St. Albans, E L Jones, Esq.
Rutland, KR Thrall, Esq.
Royalton, Bola Hall, C C
Carter.
Danville, M Carpenter.
Clover, Dr Bates.
St. Johnsbury, Rey J Morse.
Middlebury, M D Gordon.
Cambriilge, Martin Wires.
Bristl, Joseph Otis.
Hiuetburgh, Mr.Allen.
Berk$Mre, Ret. JhonGleed
AGENTS.
Dirby, Dr Richmond.
Perkinsville, W M Guilftri.
Brookfield, D Kingsbury Esc
Randolph, C Carpenter, Esq!
East Bethel, E Fowler, Esq.
Watcrbury, L IIutchins.Esq
E S Ncwcomb.
Waitsfield, Col Skinner.
Morelown, Moses SpoAoraT
Warren, FA Wrig'it, Esq..
Waierford, R C Benton.Es
East Roxbury, S Rugglei.
Fcrrisburgh, R T Robinson-.
Vtrgennes, 3 E Roberts.
Wesifield, O Winslow, Esq..
Corinth, Insley Dow.
Williams town, J C Farnnm. .
Chester, J Stedman, Esq. .
Springfield, Noah Safford.
tYanklin, Geo S Gale.
Waterville, Moses Fisk, Esq,
IJydepark, Jotham Wilson..
Elmore, Abol Camp,
Hmesbvrgh, W Dean.
Builinetan, G A Allen.
Montgomery, J Martin.
Lincoln, Benj Tabor.
Calais, Her. tieni rage.
Sudbury, WA Williamt,
Pomfret, Nation Snow.
Johnton, Elder Uyington..