The voice of freedom. [volume], May 07, 1846, Page 182, Image 2

About The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848

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1S2
VOICE OF FREEDOM
VOL. VII. NO . 4 6.
Pittsburgh ami its Manufacture.
Pittsburgh, Pa , April 13, 1346
Mr. Starr, Alihoueh this city is lully
known, and a general importance attached vails in the most ndvanced countries
to the very name, there ure but few who Shall weeiiqijietwhilelhuimmer.se ma
have not partaken ol the hospi'ali y of its Mority of our fellow beings are thus de
inhabitants, and mingled with the business graded and ruined, bodily and spiritually.
men of the city, amid the din and rattle of
machinery, strolled aloirr the wharf of the
Msnongabeta, where some twenty-five
steamboats nre constantly, at this season of
ihe year, receiving or dischnrgeing their
freights or along the banks of the A 1 1 e
srhanv, which ore literally strewed with
1'ig Iron brought down the river from the when they move on without concern in the
furnaces, and lined with an immense num. midst of such crying wrones to Man, and
her of r.ifts of lumber in the shape of such sins against God. Who can look
Squire timber ond Boards from the -hills, upon the toiling masses, yielding their
can have other than an imperfect idea of strength for the world, bearing its heavi
the extent of business done & doing here. est burden?, end accomplishing almost in-
A few facts, however, will enable you to
judge something of the gross amount cf
business done from the following statistics
jrt regird to some few branches. There
are in Pittsburg h and vicinity, as I am in
formed, ten rolling Mills, manufacturing
about 35,009 tons of Iron per year, six
Flint G'ass Manufactories, 4 Window
G!2ss Manufactories, 4 Bottle and Vial
Minufictories, fourteen in all, each manu
facturing on aa average, 63 or 75.000 do!
lurs worth p:r year, or nearly 1,000,000 I
in ail. One of these establishments brings
its sand from Missouri. O.i the Allegha
ny side, in Alleghany city, nre l'.ut large
Cjtton Factories now in .operation, can
s j.ning 9100 bales of Cotton per year, nnd
another about being starttu with 6,000
spindles, 178 Looms, and raichinery of
the most approved kind, mostly from Taun
ton, Mis?., and Providence, It. I. S.eam
is the motive power for all manufacturing
purposes here, and when I reflect lbs;
(here are now in d.iily use one hundred
Stationary Steam Engines in this city
nod vicinity, I shrink from the (ask of
giving any thing like nn adequate de
sripti?n of the great manufucturing inter
ests here engaged.
There-1'3 now being built here, an Iron
Steamer that will corry four Pdixar. guns,
at n cost of not less than $300,000, an I ron
Cjtter for the Treasury Department, and
eight or nine large St earn!; or.; fir the
river trade. There are three Bridees
across the Alleghany besides the Suspen
sion Aqueduct, and one of eight spans of
153 feet each, across the M mongahula,
suspended by a chain or rope of wire 4 14
inches in diameter. And then is in con
temptation another, which is termed the
tripartition bridge, to be constructed by
running a pier from the point down upon
'he sand bar, nnd turning to the right an J
left connect with the eastern-and western
banks of the Ohio. This bridge is to be
80 feet high so as to not obstruct naviga
tion. Farmer and-Mechanic.
From tha Harbinger.
LABOR FOH WAGES!
Those writers who laud civilization and
dwelt with raptures on its future extension,
have, it must be confessed, but little idea
what it really is. They imagine it to be
a high and indefinitely perfectible sta'e of
existence; they have never inquired and
d i nt know what are its distinguishing
fiatuies; and accordingly the very vague
ness of their notions only gives their words
a bigger inflation and a more senseless
glitter. But the truth is, that civilizuiari
is as distinct n social stale as the savage,
the barbarous, or the pHiiurchal ; its trails
nre as marked and almost as deformed &
hateful, and like its predecessors, it is only
the transition into a mo; e elevated phase
of social Itfe.
Gic of the leading ar.d invariable char
acteristics of civiliz ition is, that its work
is done for wages i hired labor is a per
manent institution as closely interwoven
with all the structure of civilized society,
as chattel slavery is with barbarnm.
Th')y stand cr fail together; the abolition
of slavery conducts us out of barbarism,
ar.d the audition of labor for wages out of
civilisation ; a radical change in ihe sys
tem of labor which now prevai's in so
caiied free countries, would at once raise
the whole of sociuty from the civilized
chaos, into a state of comparative order &
happiness and lead the way to rapid and
extensive progress.
The first thing whidi strikes 113 in the
system of hired labor, is the conflict of in
terests between the laborer and his em
ployer. It is perhaps h ih is relation that
the incoheienee aod duplicity which pre
vails in existing relations, moet plaioiy np
pear. The interest of the laborer is to
get the largest possible amount of pay far
the smullcs' possible amount of work.
Tho interest of the employer, is to get ihi
largest possible amount of work for the
smallest possible umouut of pay ! What
frightful facts are described by these few
words I Bat let us look a little at the
practical operation of tho system. In this
conflict ot ii.trests, it is manifVot that the
advantages of the parlies n'e by no means
equal. It is not at all a fair bitlle. The
employer has all the power in his hands;
to him it is a natter of comparatively little
consequence, whether such an operative
v0rk3 for him or not, but to the workman
& hi3 family itis a matter of life and death.
Capita! command?, nnd labor is its impo.
tent vietiirt. Ti.e first thing is to reduce
the wages of labor to as low a rate as pos
sible, so that the cheapness of the product
iriav ncura a large marliet, nnu S3 that
thelargest onTMint of profit may go into
the pocket of the capitalist. Does the la
borer resist? In vain I Even the benev.
o'.euce of the employer is in'-ffeiual, for
he also is the slave of competition, and his
neighbor's vires tire n trendy in the mark
et corrplling him to furnish his own at
the'lowest price, 'hat he cannot pay
high wages if he would. Tlum comes the
fiial competition between 'laborers, under
bidding each other and literally starving
themselves for a living 1 Here is the con
clusion of that civilization of which phi
losophers and philanthropists are not n.
shamed to boast 1 And il is no exception,
j no accident, but a constant and inevitable
result of tht svftem of labor which pre
i Every sentiment of Justice, each breath of
human fee I in jr. protests against such a
state of things. We only wonder that all
generous men do not rise op against il at
once and declare that it shall exist no long
er. One is almost inclined to doubt wheth
er a heart be yet beating in men's bosum
conceivbl works without the deepest
sympathy? Patiently, nay, desperately;
they go forward, subduing nature, build
ing palaces, and making nations rich, bend
themselves, body and soul, with ceaseless
labor, ground by poverty down to the very
dust. O friends, here is a tragedy such as
was never seen before I Battle fields
strown with murdered men are not so
mournful. And vet by a little legislation,
by restrictions here nnd prohibition there,
u 's a" 0 08 remedied 1 Let us not cheat
ourselves with sucli fatal delusion?. The
evil lies far too deep to be reached by such
means, as well might a man attempt to
check the fury of the whirlwind by ;he
breath of his nostrils. The difficulty is
in the very frame-work of society, ond ex
ternal applications cannot cure it. While
th5 relation of Master and Scroa?it re
mains, while the labor of the world is
hired labor, you may legislate and restrict
'.II dooms-day, and ten chances to one, you
make the matter worse.
And here let us say n friendly word to
the workingmen, but especially to those
who are engaged in the workingmen's
movement, ns it is called. We entreat
them not to be mistaken in their meas
ures, or to suppose that they will find per
moment relief from any merely superfi
cial changes. If they succeed in reduc
ing the hours of a day's labor to ten, ns in
some parts of the country they arc trying
to do, what have they gained? Something
certainly, but in comparison with what
justice entitles them to, nothing at all.
Only a Social Reform which shall insti
tute new nnd harmonious relations be
tween capiul and labor, which shall abol
ish Hired Libor, and substitu'e co-operative
labor, which, in a word, shall guar
antee to every man, woman, ond child, the
right to labor and to the fruit thereof, can
do anything of much va'ue for them, or
for any other clo-:s of'societj'. This is the
basi and beginning of all social improve
ment; without il ih most devoted philan
thropy, nnd the most glowing love of the
right can have only transient end unsatis
factory effects.-
VOICE OF FREEDOM.
Rrnmloii; Thui-suny Mny 7, 18i.".
TEMPERANCE LECTUBES.
Notice has been, received that Mr HAW
KINS, the justly celebrated Temperance
Lecturer, will deliver addresses on that sub
ject, as fallows Rutland, Thursday, May
11th ; Brandon, Friday, May 15, (at the
Dapiist Meetinghouse, 7 o'clock, P. M. ;)
MidJlebury, Saturday and Sunday, 10th &
17th; Vergennes 8'.h ; Ferrisb'jrgh, 19. h ;
Charlotte, 20th j Shelburnc, 21st; Bur
lington, 22 I, and Pittsburgh, 23J. The
meetings are appointed at 7 1 2 o'clock, un.
less the friends in the above towns designate
a different hour,
Mr Hawkins is the most affecii.irj speaker
I ever heard on the temperance question ;
is a man of good talents, and in rei ning his
experience uses language that sends a thrill
of interest into the audience, sufficient to
cause the tears to flow f-om all but those
callous to nil the finer feelings of men's na
ture. The house should be thronged, as no
one will grudge having listened an hour or
uvo to Mi Hawkins' plain, practical, touch
ing recitals and appeals.
TAX P YTHERING &c,
Hon. David Fierce, who has for many
years been State Auditor, this week closes
his series of articles on the manner of tax
ing the people of this Slate, by those who
have had the power, and exposes the frauds
practised, so clearly and fully, that all who
read, may understand the remedy. Ii is de
sirable that the freemen of this State should
so far heed the suggestions of Mr Pierce as
to have such matters thoroughly sifted at the
next session of their Legislature, that every
legal remedy, necessary, may be adopted.
The freemen of Vermont are indebted to
Mr Tierce for the exposures he has made,
ar.d will be unwise not to investigate the
subject he has broached. If a man does not
know what sums the laws of the State pro
vides for the payment of a certain amount
cf h.bor, he ought to wait until he does know
before accepting an office under these laws.
And when he knows the sum allowed, he
has no more right to an additional amount
from the Slate, than he would have to take
il from an individual. In the fall of 1842,
I was at Montpelier taking charge of this
paper during Mr Burleigh's absence, and
during ihe session and at the rising of i tie
Legislature, I became somewhat acquainted
with the manner in which some of the mem
bers took money; not legally belonging to
them, fjr iheir own use. Oneway was, to
ask for leave cf absence from and alter a
ceriatn day. This granted, they would re
ceive an order on the Treasuver,-presenl '
it, receive their money get on board the
stage, and reach home perhaps two days be
lore the time expired fur which they receiv
ed pay irom the Siate. Another plan was
to vole to adjourn on Monday, about one
fourth of the members leaving in the stages
on Saturday previous, some eighth in the
stages on Sunday, and when those that
were left, convened at 4 o'clock on Monday
morning, for the purpose of going through
the mock ceremony of adjourning, the legal
quorum could not be found, and only one of
the Chaplains waking up in season to offer
prayer on the important occasion .' Let such
ilii tgs be remedied.
LAIlOR FOR WAGES.
As will be seen, an article under the
above caption is copied Irom the Harbin
ger ; and it will be seen too that the wri
ter would annihilate the practice ol a man's
laboring for wages. This article wns
copied at the request of a friend, nnd for
the purpose of showing the readers of the
Voice, the ideas which seem to pervade
the minds of some men, respecting our
present social system. This writer does
not seem to entertain very exalted notions
of Civilization ; because, as he asserts, la
boring for wages is indissolub'y connected
with it. If this expounder of Civilization
can concoct nnd carry inlo execution, a
plan of doing business between man and
man wi.hout virtually adopting this prin
ciple, nnd show that his plan will more
highly condu:e to the welfare of the mass,
I would like to be shown thn outline of
it. As I understand the principles of the
"Brook Farm Community" of which
the Harbinger is the organ, a man, joining
it, and depositing a Thousand Dollars
with tli6 Treasurer, is allowed a certain
per centage for tho use of the money while
it remains there; also is allowed a certain
price for his labor ; and when he desires,
may leave, taking with him the principal
and interest of ihe money, and the balance
due for his work. In order to do right
between the laboring members of this, or a
similar Community, the one who performs
twice the amount of labor of another,
should receive twice the amount of pay;
also the first is just as much robbed of his
earnings, by the indolent, as he would be
to receive less than he earns, from an indi
vidual. And, if the community say to the
fa mitig portion of the members, a half
acre of corn is a day's work to hoe; if
John hoes an acre, ond Thomas but one
fouth of an acre per day, John will be
credited his excess of earning above his
living, while Thomas will be charged the
excess of living above his earning." I
see not but John will be Accumulating
capital to be drawn Irom the Community
at such time as he shall judge best, and
will leave Thomas to take care of himself,
or be set down as a Community pauper.
And if the head men say lo those who de
sire to become Mechanics, ''your allow
ances will be alike, per hour choose
your occupation," f apprehend the Com
munity would come short of hands to per
form the hardest part of the labors. Il
allowed according lo real labor ond me
chanical thill performed, and employed,
the most 'skilful and laborious would be
accumulating Capitol to be used in the
other case. But, supposo all the people
of this State should subscribe to the Con- j
stitution nnd By-Laws of Brook Farm
Comtnunii;i there must necessarily be
divisions and sub-divisions under the great
whole, nud these several societies must be
officered according to '.ho necessities of the
case, by Supervisors, Judges, and such
other autborii.yrnen as should be found
necessiry,in order to the good regulations
of the Community; and the lowest, and
different grades of officers rendering an
account of their stewardship up to the Of
ficers who occupied the highest seat in the
Catalogue. Should there not be some
regulation of this kind, Jhe Association
could not long exist. But, we shall snp
pose that Community Organizations were
formed so as to cover the whole United
Stoles. In that case, the Overseers must
be multiplied in the same ratio as of one
State, and I apprehend that, until the mass
have morewj(o and morality than they
now possess, the Community plan would
not be so much preferable to the Civil
regulations of the New England States, as
the writer of the article, would seem to
represent. The Brook Farm Association,
or Community, is not now without its offi
cers ; and while that consists of but a few
chosen and choice spirits; men who nre
intelligent, and have associated together
for the purpose of benefitting each other,
the experiment of managing a lavge and
heterogeneous mass cannot have been
tried. Should this Association succeed to
popularity, designing men will worm
themselves inlo this Society, and inlo pow
er, as they, or others now do in civil so
ciety's arrangements; &nd, instead of the
confl 'cling interests spoken of by the writ
er of ihe Phalanx Editorial, if the mem
bers were not virtually hired to enrn their
living, the conflict would be to see which
shall obtain a living with the least amount
of labor. At least, 1 so view the matter.
Any man of common information and ob
servation knows that there is no truer
adage than, " knowledge is power," and
that the more equally knowledge is dis
disseminatcd the more equally will power
be distributed. He also knows lhat
whether in a Moral, Religious, or Polttfa
cnl atsociation, the mass is influenced by
the few, and that, by the fixed laws of na
ture; this principle of governing, or sway
ing, or whatever term may be most ap
propriate, win nnu its way into all asso
ciations, and rule in the ratio of the distri
bution of knowledge. As I understand
the matter, the difficulty in the New
England, and some other free States, is
not so much in the Civil regulations, as it
is in the dieposition cf some who reside
in these States, and violate their civil laws.
Should such men subscribe to Brook Farm
regulations, they must soon be ejected or
they would prive a disturbing element in
the new Brohrhood. The governing
principle in all societies should be to do
unto others as the individual would
wish others to do unto him. This can be
acted upon at Brook farm, or at Washing
ton. And until men can be persuaded to
live out this principle, I apprehend the
Community profession wouid not remedy
the cvjla complained of. In the days of
the Apostles, a Community was started,
ii which we read lhat the members had
all things common. How long this socie
ty lasted, we ore not informed. The
oppressions of the laborers spoken of by
the Phalanx, no friend of man would
sanction ; but of what use would ihe op
pressors be to Brook Farm, or any kin
dred Association ? I have lengthened
my remarks beyond what I first designed,
and will only odd ; kt Community folks
get all they can to unite with them in ex
perimenting on their principle ol action,
and if they had the power of bringing
evil designed men on to the ground of
right action, they will certainly confer
a favor on Civil Society by taking them
under their keeping.
THE RAILROAD.
We have the satisfaction to inform our
readers that the work of locating the Cham-
plain and Connecticut River Railroad has
been commenced in Western Vermont. W
B Gilbert, Esq, the chief Engineer, and
parly, passed thro' our Village on Wednes
day of ibis week for Vergennes, from which
point southward the locating survey will be
prosecuted w ith all practicable energy and
dispatch. A portion of the line from Ver
gennes lo Burlington has been already locat
ed, and the whole distance is so extremely
favorable foi ihe construction of the road,
that Ihe work of locating is to be commenced
on the less favorable section between Ver
gennes and Middlebury, which it is expect
ed will be improved.
We most sincerely congratulate our read
ers and the public on the certainty that ex
ists lhat our great and cherished work will
now be pushed forward to its completion
without delay.
PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED.
Pari XIII of Dr Lardner's Popular Lec
tures on Soience and Art j containing 108
pages ; A treatise on Milch Cowt, explain
ing how lo decide on the qualities of Cows;
by il. Francis Guenon; and the Fourteenth
Annual Keport of (he Massachusetts Asy
lumfor the Blind, were received last week.
Lectures 2, 3, 4, and a commencement of
lecture 5, on Sieam Engines, with numer
ous explanatory engraving, constitute Part
XIII of Ltirdners Lectures; As has been
previously named, Messrs Greeley and Mc
Elrath, Tribune buildings, opposite City
Hall, N. Y. are the publishers of this work,
and they speak as follows :
To the Subscribers and Pvrchasers of Dr
Lardiier's Lectures.
"Ir. order to enable us to publish ihe en
tire series of Lectures on the Steam En
gine, and still to complete the whole work
in fourteen numbers, we are compelled to
give 32 pages more matter in Ihe present
number than in ony cf the previous ones.
We will be compelled to do the same with
the fourteenth or concluding numbef ; no
additional charge, however, is made to the
purchasers.
The fourteenth number, which is the
last, will be published in May, and will
contain the conclusion of the series on the
Steam Engine, nn Analytical Index to
both volumes, General Introduction, Title
Pases, Directions to the Binders, &c.
Those who have the early numbers of
the work will do well to order, through
booksellers or otherwise, the parts requir
ed to make up their lull sels ns speedily
as possible."
It would be profitable to every young man,
more especially, who possesses a scientific
mind, to purchase, without fail, the whole
fourteen numbers of this work. Price 5
cents per number.
The Treatise on Milch Cows, if furnish
ing a true index tn their varhu qualities,
must be of immense importance to every
Faimer, who keepa Dairy, as 7 8 or 9 lOths
of the Cows now kepi, yield hardly any real
profit, compared with what first quality of
Cows would yield. And as the expense of
keeping a good Cow is no more than that of
keeping a poor quality Cow, if each man
wishing to jriirchase Milch Cows, knew
what ones to select, those of the right kind
would soon supercede ihe other?, ihrou
out ihe country. As a poriion, if not all
this treatise, is embraced'in No. 10 of the
Library and Journal, those who subscribe
for that work will be repaid, wiih good in
teres!. For sale by Greeley &McElraih.
The Report lo the Trustees of the Asy
lum for the Blind, and ihe Appendices, oc
cupy 55 pages, and most cf ihe matter is so
interesting to me, that I think a further cir
culation of it than can be given in pamphlet
form, will be beneficial and interesting to
those who may read it ; and for this reason
I shall commence next week, and copy from
lime to time, most of the pamphlet. In the
mean lime, whoever. was so kind as to for
ward this copy & pay the postage on it, will
please accept my thanks. A truly great dis
covery il was, to learn a person who is Dsaf
Dumb and Blind, lo read and write I I
P. S. See advertisement of goods manu
factured by the Blind.
The Fiao of Our Union. This
paper which was first published in Boston, now
hails from the "Queen city of the West," Cin
cinnati, and is published by Stratton fy Oar
naud. It is a large literary paper, well printed,
and nbly conducted. As one of the publishers is
a "Green Mountain Boy," wa hope they will re
ceive that patronage and suppoit which genius
and enterpriza always commands, U.
Hancock Eagle, is the name of a Urge,
well printed, spicy Democratic paper just
started in the 'Tloly City" Nauvoo, the 2d
Number of which is now before us.
From it we learn, that the Mormon pub
lications are all discontinued lhat strangers
are daily arriving and purchasing liberally
that the archives and trappings of the Mor
mon ch rch have all been removed, and are
now on the way to California. Both the
Church mt7Vjjand triumphant has ceas
ed to exist in Illinois. The "Twelve" (the
sold of the Institution,) have gone; and
with them the acting spirit of Mormonism.
The Temple is completed and is advertised
to be dedicated "to the Most High God on
Friday the 1st day of May, 184G." Many
huildings are advertised for sale, but the
Temple is to be rented on a lease of "twen
ly years" for "religious or literary purposes."
Many persons are joining the Mormon cav
alcade who are not Mormons, but travel with
them' to California to avail themselves of
their protection. Tf.
Compilation of X. P. Roger' writing.
SCJ At the urgent request of a number
of antislavery and other friends in differ
ent parts of the country, and with the con
sent of Mr Rogers, a work has been pre
pared for the press, composed of a selec
tion of the newspaper writinq of Mr R ,
his descrip'ive snd miscellaneous articles,
and many of his antislavery, and temper
ance editorials, letters, &e.
The book is to be accompanied with a
portrait, in the best style of steel engrav
ing to oe a volume of 400 pp., of the
size ar.d style of Wiley & Putnam's cele
brnted Library of Choice Reading and
to be afforded at the price of $1 per copy.
1 he work wilt be put to press as soon
as 500 copies may be subscribed for.
Will the friends interested in the pro
posed publication, make an immediate ef
fort in their respective neighborhoods for
its disposal and give me information at an
early day of ihe result of their labor.
J. R. French.
Concord, April 24.
Nathaniel P. Rogers, tho one alluded to a
bovo, is one of the most racy, descriptive writers
of the d.iy ; anil the man who has sufficient ballast
not to be carried from terra-fu ma by the force of
some of Mr Rogers' Balloon flight?, will find a
dollar well laid out in the purchase cf 400 pages
of his best articles. As Mr Rogers is a poor man,
and may reeeive some of ihe profits of this work,
it is to be hoped that some tenor twenty copies
will be subscribed for in this town, and lhateoon.
Ed. Vojce,
TABLE OF DISTANCES
From Port to Port, between Whitehall, N. Y.
and Montreal, L. C.
By Steamboat from Whitehall
To Benson,
Orwell,
Ticonderoga, -Shoreham,
iJiidpoit,
Chimney Point,
Port Henry,
West Port,
Fort Kasson,
Essex,
.Burlington,
Port Kent,
Pittsburgh,
Cliazy,
Champlain,
Isle Aux Noix,
SlJohiiB,
By Railroad from St John
I.aprairie, - - ;
By Steamboat from LapiaVi
Montreal,
13 13
. 7 20
4 24
- 2 26
9 S5
6 41
2 43
. II 64
7 ei
. 7 68
14 62
. 10 92
15 107
16 123
9 132
12 144
13 157
' 15 172
'9 181
For Sale.
The Publisher of this paper has on
hand, and for sa!e,nn elegant Single Har
ness; cost $25; Three Cast-iron and
Copper Pumps, a first rate article; Also
a patent Corn plow. The abovt ar
ticles will b? sold oflow price.
April 21, 1346.
Another living Skeleton DoCt
Alexander Edson, brother o!ih i
..u.uiru vyuiviu juKon, Has oeen spei ding
- ..: t.-j i
" ,tn u)" lino viimgp, exnibitma his
surunwen proportions to the public.
m me ,e Ul to, weighed
lo pound?, nnu wag sironjr and henhhu
btnee which time he has erndn a'
ticuFou iii size mi now, at me age of 4
j : . -.1 . -J
iic is n mere tueieion, wcigntjig oi.ly fifiy
li . i- -i j
iieu n rrguiariy orea physician tut
is unable to srivennv reason fur t). Fu
nonce his lorm seems tn entin,,;n r. t.
thing like flesh. He is in sood f.(.lih
eais anu sierps well. His mmd is nr-ii,,-
.... .1 . I, ."..
..j i... :.,.n ,vl
nnu ma inieiiuci as vigorous as ever.
This Edson family is a sinrnlar nn.
. .L I . .... " O
i any inc itasi. j ne parents were rath-
. .tVwv uiy oiitf, ,is ai?o, were
uuiers oi me lamny, which consisted of
nine sons, and twn rlniiolnrc ti... . i.i
est daughter weighs uoivardi ol onn iu
ana me oiaest son (the celebrated Calvin
or "Lsony fcosjii ' weit?hid fceffri. !
death, less than 45 noumlsl Vt Vmrim
CONGRESS-
Monday. Anril 27.
i iue uuuse, mr, mffersoil wished to
I- .1. . Tl ,1. 1 ..r .
moke a personal explanation. He then
read a paper making three specifications,
which, he said, he found substantiated on
the books of ihe Stale Department : One
that Mr. Webster had made unlawful use
of the public money; another, that he had
applied ihe money to corrupt purposes ; a
third that he had left the Siate Department
a defaulter in the sum of 2290 dollars.
Mr. Ingersoll said he hod found bv the
books ond papers of the Department ihai
Mr. VV. had reserved an old order, and
required the disbursing clerk to pay him
this money, insteed of a ihird person that
he had drawn, in this way, during the first
nine months he was in the Department,
$12,000; in 1842, 83,000 more, and in
1843, $2,000 more making in all $17,-
UUU.
Mr. Ingersoll said ihat Mr. Tyler was
ignorant of this but in July, 1842, gave
a certificate for 4,500 of it, that Mr.
W. was credited on the books for a return
of 3000 lhat among the vouchers for
the 1,500, certified to by Mr. Tvler,
91UUU had been paid to Alexander Pow
ell ; 8200 to F. O. J. Smith, and 100
to Mr. Crittenden.
Mr. I. osked if the money was spent
for the public service, why "the $5000
were returned. He charged that Mr. VV.
was a defaulter for $2290 when he left
the Department, and that hi: account was
not adjusted until the 10th of February,
1840.
t . -I .1.. 11. i , 1 .
mr 1 saia mat ;tir. v. iiaa lorcea 1 tin
explanation upon him (Mr, I.)
Mr. Ashmun, of Massachusetts, iskcd
leave to reply to the remarks of Mr. In-
gersoil.
Objections were made, and motion
to suspend the rules made and carried, by
a vote of 135 to 22.
V1 A - .1 . T
PersoU a character, in nn'-Mino-fi l-mh
stirring ond bilier in the ex reme.
He was many times called to order, ond
stopped, but was permitted to go on again.
I here was an intense excitement pre
vailing all the time.
Mr. A. brought up Mr. Ingersoll's a-
buse of Mr. Stockton, of New Jersev, in
the House, twenty years ago, and for
which Mr. Stockton "made him go out of
the House crying I He also brought up
Mr. Ingersoll's slander upon Chief Jus
lice Marshall of giving a corrupt decision
in the Supreme Conn.
He also brought up the charge against
Mr. I. of defrauding tho government in tha
celebrated tea case in Philadelphia, when
Mr. Ingersoll was the U. S. Distriet At
torney in Philadelphia.
He then examined into tnc manner in
which Mr. Ingersoll, iho accuser and
witness, obtained the facts, he pretended to
give. On this point, Mr. Ashmun was
terribly severe. Before Mr. lngersoll's
statements can te credited, Mr. Polk ond
his administration must be convicted of
gross baseness.
Mr.
Ashmun charjred that efforts had
been madj to induce Mr. Tyler to engago
in this crusade against Mr. Webster.
Mr. Ingersoll said, il is false a lie
ihe lie of a coward."
The Chair caiied loudly to order
Great confusion.
Mr. Ashmun went on rebuked Mr.
Ingersoll fcr his gross indecorum said
he was not afraid of him and then closed.
Mr. Schcnck, of Ohio, offered a long
resolution, calling for a committee of five
members to examine the whole subject.
Various points of order were made on
this resolution, and are undecided as this
despatch closes-
Tuesday, April 28.
In the House, the Speaker announced
the Select Committee, on Mr. SchencVa
resolution, to inquire how Mr. Ingerssll
obtained possession of the papers on w hich
he had founded his late chnrggs against
Mr. Web-ter. Tht? Committee consists
Messrs. Scher.ck, Dobbin, Mcl'vaine.
Stanton ond Rockwell.
The Commit'ee to inquire in'o the
charges brought against Mr. Websier was
also announced, os follows: Messrs. Pettit,
Vinton, Davis, of Miss., King of Mass.,
and vVilmot.
Il is also reported that the President
yesterday gave Mr Packenham the "No
tice " of the termieation of the Joint Oc
cupancy of Oregon.
Wednesdav, April 29.
In Senate a communication was receiv
ed from the War Department, relative to
tho copper mints on Lake Superior.
Mr. Jnrnagin introduced a joint resolu
tion, sating forth the Mexican delinquen.
cies, and authorizing the President to ap
point Commissioners to sit upon and de-
ttrmine ihe cliirrs ot our citizens against
Mexico.