Burlington free press. [volume], March 01, 1850, Image 2

About Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865

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Mr. CUy (ltiterpnini)-- Ccrluin'y, but not
upon my private liiterenuiso.
Mr. Clemens continued, :it toiiie length, In
vindication u( Ills own course.
Mr. Foot made sumo remarks in vindication
nf hi observations in relation to the Intercourse
hetween Mr. Benton mul Mr. Clay. In the
course of his remarks he suggested to .Mr. Clay
tlmt thero was something in his denieaiuir,
when c.vciteil in debate, which had the uppcar
itnco, of ineii.tcc. He also alluded to a speech
made hy tint Senator, eleven years ago, in
which he .siid that certain acts, il persisted In,
woii'il dissolve the Union, and dissolve it in
blond. -Mr. P. Went on at length with some
personal rem uks upon Mr, Clay, Mr. Seward
hiii .Mr Benton.
Mr. ('lay said a few word- in reply to Mr.
JVii.tu's remark 4 about the intercourse between
h m am! Mr. Benton, and in the roure ol a feu
observations, suggested to him the impropriety
ol attempting to draw deductions, (run such
plicate intercourse lie reminded Mr. Foote
ih it he himself had come ovir to him. an I held
a long conversation with lion, in lelationlo the
(liuiciilttos wh'k'h concerned the iitliurs of the
- mitry, and asked him whether it would not
have been unfair for some Noithern men to have
im mted to the Sonttur dishonorable motives In
i-eiking that ir.teiview. It is an evil, i p ?i
ticul and social evil, it is a wrong toward
those who nrc the snllerors thereby, thine weie
liU opinion', but ho qiiurellcd Willi no man wh
ihouht otherwise. In conclusion, he denied ill
ambiTious projects, lie flood, as it were, upon
the brink ol eternity, expecting soon to go
i.euec, and owed im responsibility which lie was
not pieparid to meet here and b.'forc (iod. Il
Ihij Senator from Mississippi choose to call him
an abolitionist, well and gnud ; he would only
mv, llut if there was any one mm in the com
iniiiiilv nuro ubued by the abolitionist than an
other, 'it was he.
M Cass (-nterrupting ) said, that if Mr. Cay
cliimed to be the best abused man in the com-in-ihitv,
he tnu.-tl.ike exception, (l.iughter.)
Mr." Clay further defended bis resolution?.
J I.j had hnnostlv, in 'he sight of Clod, endeavor
eJ to bring fnrvvuid a scheme of compromise lor
tie purpose ol keeping the Union together in
oao family, with haimoiiy and concord. In
t ipp iiling' th it schema, he lud not furgnttrn to
i.'juke the fanatics ol the North lor theii
c .uise, as well as to call upon the South not to
persist in wln.t would not hear the scrutiny ol
reason and judgment. II was enough for him
that his plan of settlement was rejected by the
tiltrais.s of both section!.
Alter sonic additional conversation, the fur
ther consideration ol the subject was postponed
untill Moi-.diy.nnd the Senate at a quarter be
fore five adjourned-
Hovr. or RcritrsL.'vrATiiEs. The JIousp
went in'o Coiiimillee ol too Whole en the
Sttile of tb'! Union.
Mr. Stephens, ol Pa., alluded to the speech
of Mr'. Clltigninn, who ho said, ivas selected to
open the debate ol hmnm bondage, and it was
threat ned that unless the Noith would snbmil
unconditionally to the terms of the S mtli, the
Union shall be dis-o'.ved. Not only the cunntiy
lint po-terity would pronounce this rank tieanin
In his judgment slavery is a great cvi, and a-.
st.ite.-mcn and philantluopists, they ought to op
pose ii. While he announced his sellled hos
tility to slavery, he would stand by the com
promises of thi1 Constitution, and help to carry
them into faithful effect, although if some of the
provisions were open for appioval, they would
not receive bis onsen', lie then entered into
hii examination of the evils of slavery on soil,
contrasting the superior condition of the whites.
Ho was oppose to the exten.-ion of slavery, be
cause bv confining it to its present limits, like a
cancer, "it must be cradicatid, or it would cat
out the vitals of the South. Slavery U an evil
in war as in peace. The country recognizing
slaverv is, in the strict technical sense, a d-s-potisni.
Toe ruWs ol this country cousin ol
about sixteen millions of whites. The ruled
consist of slaves. They are ruled by laws to
which they never gave their consent. The
Flavc was f-tripped of every right, and is the
subject of despotic sway. The slaves, of Athens
were k i 1 1 e in comparison. Xn Northern man,
cither bv'oinission or commission, can be base
or cowardly enoii;h to bknU; and allow slavery
to spread over one rood, without being a traitor
to Liberty and recreant to his God. The South
had too often found Northern men to bo their
tools, when wanted. Good old Pennsylvania
always ranked among her Rcpiesentutive-, trie
most sttiidy slaves: he hoped tint thero was
nut now one accursed Achan among the repre
sentatives of Ireemen.
The Committee the.' arose, and tho House
ndjouri cd.
i.CT.g-i.;.j.L.L...... .i.ii.i - .i.!.. '1 T
S
x c e iJ v c 0 s ,
IJJJKLINGTON, VT.
FRIDAY MORNING, MAR. 1,IS0.
From the Albany I.vctilns Journal 1
Tlie Uinciisoiiubleness of the South.
Pirviuin 10 liii' admission of Texas, the Union
riiiitaiurii tinmen Frit- and Imiiti-en Slave Stnti-s
AlltiiUjli llie ' b.iliiiri-' wit-, ill fivor ol ill" South,
they wen- nut content. They driii.indeil the minus
mm id Texas, and llii- i!i-in. mil, i.i il.-fi.-ou e nt the
solemn prim sfi id' -vu-ral ol th'- "ovi-ri-ijjn Mali-sol"
llic I'niim, was suiiuiei-u'il in. Hill the people ol the
Nollh, although ilei'iy e.veileil, ilul lint ili-nrace
tlii uiseKes hy ilirratenni;: a di-snliitinnul' llic l'u
i i). They bowed to the cidicl ol 111" National leg-i-datiue,
although the mlmi-won ot Texas was air'-ra-rated
liy the piovisimi that, li-icalur, her territory
nimlil lie cut up into lour States !
Tlie next j ear Tenn was. adiiiitleil, Iowa came
iniutlie I'luuii, mi. I VWeous-in soim tolluaeil. These
nvo Stales placed tlie Nurlli and Suulh once inure
Lpoii i-ipial lontuiii.
Now Ciihlorni.i the first fruits nin Wnr w-igeil f. f
Slavery is knocking at llie dor ol the Union. She
comes as Te.a-( e-inie, and as Iowa and V. icmism
nine, willi her consiituliiiu in her liaud, and de
in mils admi-'iiin. Hat the men who lirouuhl in Tex
as with her .S!nes,say lhat she shall not come in !
Hon' miserable does this conduct n)utiat with the
uiaaiianimiiy ol llie North, in th- case ol Texas!
Those who lilt" the phrise m ly call it " the
tingntnimity of the North," if they pleae ;
but wc call it the pusillanimity of the North.
Wo would no sooner have vote I for the udinl.--
Hon of Tf.as,"wilh her slaves," than we would
have voted for the legalization of highway rob-
hpre indeed, we tfiink hiL'hwav robberv, in a
poor man, would bo more justiliahlo. We care
not whether California comes "with her con
tliHiJloii in her hand'or not, so far as Slavery
ir cjuteincJ if'slio came asking for ' the dif
fusion" of Silavery over her territory, we would
cutoff our arm socJier than consent to her ad
mission. Tito Noith, and the civilized and hu
manized world., have no fuithor " compromises"
to make with hmiian slavery. Congress ha?
power to fix the term4, consistent with the con
stitution, on which States shall be added to tho
Union, and the North insist that it shall exor
cise that power.
We care not on icli'it plea tho South ak for
a further extension of Slavery. God and Hu
manity both demand thai no further concession
eh-tll be made to the barbaious ''institution."
For ourselves-, wo prefer that the " Union"
should lie broken up, if the ,S'ouM ioor In break
it up, rather than tint the sanction of Congress
shall tier again be given further to extend und
legalize an "institution'' that belies every dec
laration of Freedom or Humanity that tlie Con
stitution contains! We confess that wo hati
Slavery with a hatred lhat wholly exoceth out
love for any "Union" lhat human hand or he ids
ever framed ! If we eaimut lave Freedom with'
out Slavery, (so far as the National legislature
Is concerned) then wo think we can have no
Ficedom tint a man can lay claim to without
blushing! Tho American Union, and the AmeN
lean HcpuhUr., with Its millions of human be
Ingi held in servile tnnltg., Is imo an unn
inaly to the world. What will it bo.ir it is to
go on conquering Territory from other Repub
lics which have uboluheJ Slavery, for the pur
poe of re-establishing therein that system of
wrong and injustice! We hope the North will
never n gain subject itself to the Injurious impu
tation of being " magnanimous," by temporising
or compromising on tlie subject of the further
extension of Slavery!
Vol mont lias always exhibited her attachment
and her fidelity to the Union. She has always,
however, made known her abhorrence of tho in
stitution ol Slavery always protested against
Its ' extension." Hut she lias made no threats
she makes none now of "'dissolving the Union"
because her wishes are not regarded. She
loaves that species of gasconade, to tlnso who
think it amounts to anything to the fiery "chiv
alry" who hold Slavery to be a " blessing!"
She looks to Ccwrb's for the establishment of
National Right and tho redress of National
Wrong. If Congress shall volo to extend, or to
pernit, Slavery, in California, New Mexico &c
she will noithor recommend nor join any "Nor
thern Confederacy." The Confederacy that she
will belong to will be the one.that is left, when
the South carry out their own avowed intcn
liou of secession. If the South desiro further
to extend Slavery, let them got voles enough in
Congress to do it, and Vermont will submit,
till she can, by the loyalty of Northern and
Western freemen to tho principles of freedom
and Immunity, legally and constitutionally ob
tain a remedy for tlie evil. She proposes no
dissolution of the Union. Sho holds, witli
IIk.miv Clav, that Congress lias entire and ex
clusive jurisdiction over Slavery in the Torrito
rics and the District of Columbia, and sho de
mands, when tho proper time arrives, that Con
gross shall cvercisi thai jurisdiction by prohibi
ting it in the one and abolishing it in tlie other
constitutionally, legally, peacefully. Iler
Representatives will vote for the admission of
California, as she is, ' with her constitution in
her hands," because that constitution prohibits
Slavey. While New Mexico and Dcscret arc
governed by tlie anti-davery laws of .Mexico,
she is content with ' non-intervention ;" she
concurs with tlie patriotic recommendations of
President Tavlois in this respect. Hut if Ter
ritorial governments are to bo established for
t. Oso 'Ferritin ies, she expec's that her Rcproscn
titives, and the Representatives from llie Frco
States, will see to it that Slavery is affirmative
ly prohibited thereby. She expects that NO
MORU&'irc Stales shall be added lo this L'nion !
Tlie South have factiously made the question
of Slavery the only one, since Congress com
menced this Session. They have declared that
no public business shall be transacted till that
question is settled. They have stopped the
wheels of legislation, till they can learn wheth
er or not they can carry their "domestic insti
tution'' in. to the Territories of the Union, hot
them find out ! The North cannot acoid the is
sue they will not, wc trust, attempt to. It is
high lime that the power and limits of Slavery
in this Republic be definitely marked and un
derstood. The perpetual bullying o the South
and compromising and " magnanimity" of the
North, are more dangerous to the perpetuity of
the Union, in our judgment, than would be the
final settlement of the Slavery question, one
way or the other. Let ns have, then, not com
promises and open questions for adu tim n! hec
after, but sr.Ti l k.vie.nt ! Congress can then
legislate for tie interests and tho welfare of the
whole Union, and the "domestic institutions"
of the Country will bo left where tliey belong,
1 1 the management of the States where they
.xist. Tho South have forced the Slavery
question i,Uo Congres-i let Congress, finally
ami fotevcr, force it out, by defining, finally and
forever, its rights and its limit!.
These are precisely our notions of Slavery.
" non-intervention," " compromise" and " dif
fusion" included. We wish every man, woman
and child, in every Free State in the Union,
(md Slave State, too, for that matter!) held tlie
same !
irrSpeaking of (Jen. Cass's four " positions''
on tho subject of the Wilmot Proviso, (which
will le found in our paper of to-Ja) the Stn-
linvl says :
"Theie are very few who will deny tin ralidity
of nil the propositions here asserted. He Hon and
Clay coincide in the assertion of the second anil
third. Taylor and the administration nlmit tlie
lourib. (Jallioun and Woodbury aree to all the four,
liticlijnan, Webster, Ujuglass and Wiutlirop agree
to llie iluee last."
If the Smtincl will leave off informing
tlie public what Mr. Ci.ay and Gen. Taylor
and Mr. Casi and Mr. WkiisTlr and Mr. Cal
ii ih x and Mr. Huston think about Slavery,
and let ns know what it thinlis itself, perhaps its
readers v ill be quite as well satisfied though
il is not (or us to say. We don't ask President
Pay tor, Mr. Clav nor Mr. Wunvn-:n to think
for us on the subject, and as for Mr, Caps, we
hold his position in utter abhorience. Our al
legiance to the principles of Freedom is higher
than any allegiance wc owe, or hold, to Party.
I When Mr. Ci.ay or President Taylor tells us.
is Mr. Cass dtci, that it is" unconstitutional"
for Congress to legislato Freedom into the
Territories of this Union, in which Congress
has exclusive authority, we will "abuse" them
as wc do Gen. Cass by holding up their opin
ions, to the execration of mankind ! Till then
tho Sentinel will oblige us if it will not " abuse"
those eminent patriots by harnessing them
along side of the author of tho Nicholson and
Chicago Internal Improvement letlers. It is
worse than hitching a dray-horse beside '' tho
coursers of tho Sun !"
Neat's Cl.iircoitl Sketches.
We arc under obligations to Mr. Sami-son for
the Second Series of ihete inimitable " Sketches'
by the late Josei'H 0. Nial. It is edited by Mrs.
Neal, and contains 18 papers, each of which is
worth the iirice of llie olunic. Let embody "look
at llie Clock" on page S7, and if it do'ut piovoke a
smile, at Uast, wc will " give it up." The late Mr.
Neal was a lively Satirist whose pen, however, waj
not " dipp.'d in r,nU." He seemed to love the follies
lhat he exposed.
.Mr. Samtmin has established Ids "Periodica!
Pcpot" at Mr. Anuixs', in College Hi., where till
llic Monlhlin mid other publication in "light lit
trinlutu" can be found.
BURLINGTON FREE
CALIFORNIA AND SLAVERY,
TJio Indications from Washington are that
tho Slalo of California will bo admitted Into
this Union by the voto of a very declsivo majo
rity of both brandies of tho National Legisla
ture. We have never entertained any fears
that this would not be the result, especially since
Mr. Ci.at announced his position on the sub
ject. Tho two Whig Senators from Kentucky,
Mr. Clay and Mr. Uwdcrvvood, will volo for
tho admission ; and so, doubtless, will Mr.
IIe.nton. These, with every Senator from the
Frco Stales, will mako a decided majority in
tho Senate. The majority in tho House will
bo still more emphatic. We count upon from
75 to 83.
Wo can excrcisa neither charily nor patience
towards llie outcry of the Slave.propagalidists
of tho South connected with tho question of
admitting Califoin'a, Their vociferous asser
tion is that if tho 'i righto" of tho South are
trampled on, the Union is not uorth preserving.
Exactly ) we agree with them. If the 'nmiiTs'
of any section of the Union arc really trampled
upon, that section is thereby absolved from its
allegiance. Nobody will deny it. But tho
conclusion to which these hot-headed disunion
ists arrive, is based upon premises that arc
neither established nor admitted. They tell us
that if Congress excludes Slavery from the
Territories, that exclusion is an infringimcnt
of their rights. This wo dony. Wo hold, with
Mr. Clay, that Congress has unlimited power
over Slavery in tlie Territories, and that it is
simply exercising that power when it prohibits
the existence of tlie "peculiar institution" there
in. Slavery is wholly and exclusively a domeUic
institution depending for its existence entire
ly upon the municipal laws of tho Stale which
tolerates or legalizes it. There is nothing .Yu
t'ona? about it but t he shame and disgrace ! It
has not a right nor a privilege outside of its
several bailiwicks. And when Slavoholding
Representatives make loud speeches about
Southern rights In the premises, they simply
talk about what the i ree Slates understand to
be a " right" to do a crying wrong ! a right
to extend an institution that has no right to be
extended ! It is easy, and has an imposing
sound, In talk about the " rights" of tho South.
There is something quite captivating in the
abstrjct term. Rut when the people of the
Free States (who compose a vast majority ol
the people of this Union) understand that this
eloquence about" rights" moans nothing more
nor loss than a claim to spread human Slavery
over Free Territory that is tlie ommoit property
of tho Republic, thoy look upon it as a good
I deal worse than a humbug ! They rogard it
I as an attempt to serve the devil in the livery of.
I Heaven. They neither recognize nor admit
, siic.V " rights.'' It i, to then), a contradiction
; in terms !
I The North, therefore, say to tho South: "You
have chosen to foster and oncourage Slivery,
and, while we look upon you as abusing (Jod
and yourselves by tlie course, wo admit that we
have nothing to do with it. It is a business ol
i yutir own. We wash our hands of it. We ab
j hor the Institution, and can make no Itgal '-com
promises" with it. iow, yon ask us, having
an equal right with you (wo need claim no
more) lo the National Duuriin-r-being equally
r.nsrosrjim.1: with you for tho eli-iractur of its
Gi vorument, to permit you to legalize a great
human wrong therein I You ask us to permit
you to carry Slatcry into ouu jurisdiction !
We shall do no cucli tiling. With all due res
pect and submission, wo are not obliged lo do
any such thing, and wo tell yoi, kindly, yet
firmly, that we will not ! Our principles are
1 our own, and, thank God, the votes by which
j wo are to vindicate those principles are our own.
t Ask us to give you license to steal sheep, or
commit highway robbjry.iu California and New
Mexico, and we will think of it. Hut ask us
to give you liberty to import Slaxiry (huw ab-
j surdly the words sound in ju.staj osition liber-
ly lo iinp.'rt Shccry!) into our own Domain,
and we tell you at once, NO.' Wo desire to
. interfere with no " rights" of ynurs but we
shall insitit upon our. ovvs. Keep your Slaves
at home or " send them to Texas ;'' but no
I Northern man, excepting l.?wis Cas, will ever
, consent to their being further " diffused," for
their or your imaginary benefit !" This, wo
j believe, is the sentiment of tho North on the sub
Iject, and it is one incapable, utterly, of being
yielded or " compromised."
Wo think iin'iionso c imequencoi In the real
j welfare of the human race lung upon the in
tegrity and perpetuity of this Union. No man
holds it in higher veneration than we do, nor
; deprecates more sincerely the prospect of its
I dissolution. Hut we are free to say that, in our
' judgment, it has lost its power to benefit the
i came ol Freedom and Humanity, il is emptier
in behalf of tho beneficial Progress of our race
' than "sounding brass and tlie tinkling cymbal,"
if its high sanction is evk;i again to be given
i to the spread of human Slavery ! -nay more, if
its combined energy is not exerted, in every
j const itutii .s'.vl method, to restrict the territo
j rial limits ol this oppressive and dishonoring
' institution, and to prevent its perpetuation un-
( der the barner of the Republic ! Texas wis a j
Free State, under tho benign laws of what it j
, is the custom to call ' degraded and benighted
Mexico," llie people of tho North will never
( forget lhat her dismemberment from Mexico,
I and anuciiation to " the freest Republic on
caitli" resulted in fixing upon her the iueffaca-
! tiln cl'itlt r.f n.m.lllul .Vf.z.K. I 'Plm Incenn ...HI I
Miv cud. ... ...l.1. .'....ify 4IIU ivoaun ..111
I not be forgoten. No such enormity will be per
mitted to be written on the annals of California
or New Mexico,
These, we believe, are tho sentiments and
determinations of llic North, they are certainly
ours!
Till'. LAKE.
Wo are almost prepared to say that our beau
tiful Like has concluded not In freeze over this
winter, though Mr. Tno.virso.N tells us ho has
known it to closo in March. We have had
some pielty severely cold weather, but not
enough of it continuously to freczo so large a
body of water. Sloops ply between Uurlinglon
and Port Kent, (N. V.) as usual.
Tho truth is, tho fieo, bright, dancing
waters of our Lake liavo a decided aversion to
being " bridged," even for a few weeks,.
though wo suppose they will have to como to
it, when St, Johns takes up it: residence at
Roup's Point !
PRESS, FRIDAY
HOOKS AND I'lnUODICALS.
Through the kindness of Mr. Smith wo are In-,
dieted to the Publishers, Messrs. 1'itit.t.trs, SjMrso.N
t Co., Boston, for- the first volume of their very fine
Library Kdlliou of Mil man's Ciibbon. Gibbon's
History of tlie Decline and Fall of the Roman Um
pire has long been established ns n work of stand
urd historical authority, ns well ns of elegant and
forcible, writing, notwithstanding the detestable vein
ol atheistical philosophy that it sometime displays
and that has deservedly excluded It from many
libraries. Milium, howevir, has ably obviated,
to a coniidcinblc extent, U's capital objection to
ibis splendid Uistcry, hy funis'i ing on antidote to
tlie subtle poispn of the Historian's reflections.
Messrs. Piiii.i.irs, ?AMrscN !& Co. , have "got up"
tills work, as they have tluir beautiful edition of
SilAKSrcAHE, in a style of great benttty and excel
lence, as respects type, paper, nnd mechanical ex
ecution generally. The volune. before us, printed
on fine piper nnd large type, contains 590 pages j
and the wonder among our -coders will be, how it
can be afforded for sixty-tin and a half cents'.
Wc should be sorry to tltlnl wc have a reader so
poor that he cannot afford it buy this edition. It
is lobe completed in six volnues, nnd .Mr. Smith
will hnve them, seriatim, as they arc ismed from
tlia press.
We have received fmii Mr. S.vith nlso, the
last UniNni'rtait Review, ntd Hlackvvood's Mao.
zime b cing the very handsmic reprints of Messrs,
Leonard, Scott &. Co., of J ew York, of the Jan
uary numbers of both. Missrs. Scott & Co n rc
entitled to great credft fo; dicir promptness in pin
cing these sterling perirdicals before American
rendore. Their contents arc, ns usual, interesting
and instructive. Wc need only instance the article
in the Edinburgh cit " Emigration," and " The year
of reaction" in Dlnckwood, both of which nre ex
ceedingly able. The reprints of these Standard Pe
riodicals by the Messrs. Scott & Co., arc afforded
at so low a rate, that they arc within the reach of
the moat moderate means and they supply an ad
mirable epitome of currint Literature nnd Science.
3j Wc see il stated in the Sentinel, this mor
ning, that the numerous ?criodicals, (Monthlies fcc.)
ol the day, are received by Mr. Sampson "at an
earlier day than by any other person in this vicinity."-
This is unjust to Mr. Smith, simply because
it happens to be not trw, Mr. Sampson is doubtless
prompt and efficient in his agency j but it is due to
.Mr. Smith lo say, (as ve say without any sugges
tion of his) that his cqiies of the popular periodi
cals are received, gcne:ally, " earlier than the ear
liest." Mr. Smith ma- be equalled, but, like "Mr.
'A. Taylor," he " can't e beat !
NKW PUBLICATIONS.
Wo have rcceivid from llie Publishers, '
Messrs I). ArrLEToNfo Co of New York, Nos. !
1 and 2 ol one of ho most valuable and in
structive serial workf that have ever been pro- j
jected. R is tlie Eictionary of Machines,
Enoinl-Woiik and Engineering." Tho size '
of the work is large rctova, and it is printed on i
firm, clear and whit? paper. Its great excel
lence, however, consists in the admirable ful
ness in which tha descriptive, or letter-press
part is illustrate I. Tie work will contain fij !
teen liuxiutED platesand six thousand wood- I
cuts, executed in very fine style, and engraved j
with special lefereice to exactness and acctt-1
racy of delineation they arc " ifrtrA'irdraw
inga," from which a Mechanic can easily wi
ufacture any machine represented. Wo can
hardly imagine a Work that would bo moro
universally useful. Tlie enterprising Pub
lishers say :
l lic great ouject ot tins piuiicannn is, to place he- i
fore practical men and stutents such an amount ol'
theoretical and scientific klowlcdge.iu a condensed j
form, as shall enable them ti work to the best advau
tace, and to avoid those lunatics which they might
otherwise commit. The .mount of usetul infoima-
tion thus brought together isaimost beyond precedent
in such works. Indeed, tlere is hardly any subiect
within its range which is no. treated with mcli clear
ness and precision, that evei a man of the most ordi
nary capacity cannot tail ol inderslanding it, and thus
learning from it much vvhi.h it is important for him
to know.
The publishers have cipeuded a large sum of
money Ingot oiijjiual drawiissofiu ichinery in prac
tical use in this country, aul have procured almost
every work o l the subject, vhether published in Eng
land, Prance, or CJernnny,the most essential parts
of which being comprised il this Dictionary, render
it ns tierltiet and couiorelmisivc as possible. The
publishers have endeavored to use great economy in j
type, so mat eacli page oi lie won; contains at least
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The work will be issued ir.semi-inonlhly numbers,
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No. 10, of PiiiLi.trs, Samtson's &.Co's,,
beautiful edition of " Shakespeare's Dramatic
Works," is also received, and can be obtained
at Messrs. K. Sjiitii & Co's., Bookstore, h
contains ' Tho Merchant of Venice'' entire,
with a lino "counterfeit presentment" of that
pearl of all female lawyers, " the gentle Portia''
lo whom Antonio was " so infinitely bound."
Wn havo before alludod to tho exceedingly
small price (J5ct a number,) for which this
splendid work is affordod. Those who examine
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ed for it, though we cannot doubt that tho wide
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Publishers.
Messrs. Hkwet, Tillotsom &. Co.,
New York, have issued tiie second number of
their very handsome and perfect Abbotsford
Edition" of tho Waverly Novels. It contains
that saddest and most interesting of tlie series
oxcepting, perhaps, Konilworth, tho Bride of
Lammermoor ; a talo that has been wrought
into ono of the most popular touching and effec
tive operas in tho world. We havo before di
rected tlie attention of our readers to this ad
mirablo edition of the Novels of Sir Walter
Scott, (on the appearance of the first number,)
and can only reile-ato our commendation of its
beauty and completeness. 'Flio illustrations,
both on tinted psper and on the Icttor-pross, are
in tho highest degree creditable to tlie artist, Mr.
II. W. llEWF.T.
The Union. The following was ono of the
regular toasts at a dinner lately given to llie
Hon. GAiutETT Davis, of Kentucky, by the
members of the JvOiiuvillo bar:
" 'Flie Uiiion,-Entire, indivisible, and racred ;
tho strength and glory of the Republic. Next
to our Makor, it challenges our highest rever
ence. Wo pledge our lives, our fortunes, and
our eacred lienor to maintain it."
MORNING, March 3 ,
Correspondence of tho Daily Free Press.
Washington, Feb. 18.
Mr, Calhoun appeared In tho Senate, to-day,
after an absence of several weeks, being detain
ed from his seat by Illness. Ho still looks very
feeble, hardly strong enough to attend to his
duties in tlie Senate. The following dream
may bo interesting to your readers, as it is told
of this eminent Statesman. "Recently, Mr.
Calhoun was engaged in writing upon the sub
ject of Slavery, and, felling weary, leaned back
and fell asleop. His mind being upon tlie sub
ject upon which ho had beou writing, ho heard
three taps at his door, which was opened, and in
walked a person, who took a seat bejido him
and addressed him, ' Sena tor of South Caroli
na, upon what are you writing ?" Mr. Calhoun
replied by pointing to tlie writing before him.
Tho Strangor looked at it and then remarked :
"Senator from South Carolina, if you continue
to urge this subject you will cause a dissolu
tion ol the Union." Mr. Calhoun turning said :
" Who are you that takes tho liberty of thus ad
dressing me?'' The visitor lot fall a pall, and
discovered the features of Gon. Washington,
who again addrossed him, presenting him at the
same time with a box j " If you will persist in
the agitation qT this subject, take from this box
material to form a chart for the dismemberment
of tho Union." Mr. C, received tho box and
asked the visitor what it contained. Tlie re
ply was, " examine it." It was examined, and
in tho bottom were found tho bones of Gen..
I lay no.
Mr. Downs, nf Louisiana is making a speech
against Mr. Clay's resolutions, but tho Senators
arc not giving any attention, most being out of
their Eoats, and the rest talking among them
selves. Col. Webb, it seems, was not strongly sup
ported in executive Fcssion, ever, by Whigs,
It is said that ho had only 7 votes in his favor,
and those obtained by the influenoe of W. II. Se
ward. Mr. Clay il is said voted against him. This
rejeotion does not, I think displease old Xack.
Mr. Clay, the other day in the Senate j
speaking upon the necessity of immediate ac
tion upon the admission of California as a State,
and in favor of tho reference of the question to
tho committee on Territories, and in reply to
Mr. Foote calling upon him as a Southern man
to act for tho interests of tho South, declared
that ha knew no South, no North, no East, no
West, to which he owed allegiance. That he
owed allegiance to two sovereignties, and only
two; one. the sovereignty of tho Union, and
the other, that of the State of Kentucky. "My
allegiance, said he, is to this Union and to my
State; but if gentlemen suppose they can exact
from me an acknowledgement of allegiance to
any ideal or future contemplated confederacy
of llie South, I hero declare that I owe no alle
giance to it ; nor will I, for one, come under any
such allegiance if I can avoid it. I know what
my duties are, and geiitlem.cn may cease to re
mind mo of the fact that I coirp from a Slave
holding State, If I chnso to avail myself of the
opinions of my own State, 1 can show a resolu
tion from the State Legislature, received last
night, reported after ino consideration by a com:
iniltoe. This resolution declares its cordul
sanction to the whole of the scries of resolutions
which 1 havo offered."
When asked by Mr. Foote to explain himself
more fully, he replied. "The honorable gentle
man knows psifectly well tint tho language us
used here again and again is ' treachery to tha
South," " abandoning the South," " failing to
uphold the South," now what I nn.mt to siy,
was, that I know of no South in the shape of a
confederated Government ; no South to which
I owe allegiance,"
Here we have tlie sentiments of a true Amer
ican, whose opinions must be respected and
will have their influence
Mr. Clay presented to-day, a petition for the
immediate expulsion of the first Senator who
should offer a petition for the dissolution of the
American Union. W.
The mysterious kuockings at Rochester are
at length ascertained to bo caused by the de
parted spirits of the Free Soilers rapping on tho
Buffalo Platform. Rochester Americm.
Further investigation shows that tho knnck
ings proceeded from some old Proviso whigs,
who really supposed tho whig parly believed in
the Proviso doctrine, thumping on (Jon. Taylor's
non-intervention platform, to see if they could
liud any opposition lo slavery propagandists in
it! The knockings have ceased, since they
havo four.d there was nothing of the kind
there ! B,
The Taylor papers and tlie Burlington Sen
tinel can't agree which is tho best non-intervention
man, Cass or Taylor. The whigs say
Taylor the Sentinel says Cass. Like the old
lady in the fight between her husband and tho
bear, we don't care which whips, Vt. Patriot.
We go for Cass in that fight, He was tho
first discoverer of that unknown region, and lie
should not bo cheated out of the benefits of the
discovery, by such an arrant interloper and
plagiarist as Zachary Taylor. Give the devil
his due. 11.
The non-intervention Watchman is wrong in
its classification of Clemens of Alabama. He
ran for Congress last year against tho regular
democradic condidate, as a Taylor democrat
and is ol course " a whig and a quarter over"
as his master is said to bo. Vt, Patriot.
A Taylor Democrat ! Ye gods, what an
animal that must be. It must bo a liybid, and
all such kind of beautiful creature must belong
to Wilmot Proiiso-Son-Jntenention-Compromise
Coalition- Whiggery ! B.
The foregoing paragraphs, dear reador, aro
from tho last number of the Brandon Post.
Each ono is signed " B." to apprise outsiders
that the extraordinary wit of them is tho pro
perty of ono " Bogus," the ' corresponding
editor." They are running samples of the kind
of smartness that astonishes tho sobor pcoplo
of Brandon once-a-week ! Wo look upon them
as about the most remarkable specimens of as
tutc paragraphing that can be found. Prentice,
of the Louisville Journal, would improve Ins
wit by a careful study of them ! They are as
keen as a bass-wood jack-knife.
Death or Disiior Flaoet. Tlio Rt. Rev,
Benedick Joseph Flaget, first Roman Catholic
Bishop of Louisvi lie, died in that city on the
evening of the llthinst., in the 87th year of
his ago. His funeral took place on the 14th.
" Requiescat in pace !"
fX7"It is reported that a man at the " far
Wetl," writing to a friend "Down East," as
sures him that ;urA is so plenty lhat every third
porson ho meets is a hog.
1850.
The Locofbco notion orsluves imil 1'nctory
1 r I s .
Tho Hoslai Times, a Cass and Butler loco
focp paper, sustains Senator Clemens ol Ala
bama, in his attempt to make it appear that tho
Factory (lirls of New England are worse Jf
than me Maus of the South ! ! Tho following
is from a long article in tlie Times co-operating
with Mr. Clemens : .
" Talk about Southern slavery ! there never was
practised under the industrial synem ol the South a
solitary instance of heartless mm, at all approach
ing tlie one perpetrated at Lowell in 1812, j)0ub.
less considerable wrong is done nt the South to the
colored rnce, fur it is the nature of power to vtr ; but
that Wronrrh nlmriMt inv.irmhlv the rniKMnn.np.1 ..
hasly temper, and is lollowcd by repentance, and ol.
ten bv renaration i whereas: the. l.nwe 1 qvslem U n
malignant ns it is lawless, ns persevering as it is
cruel, and leaves not its vidian until it has driven
them lo the alms-house or the grave."
Mark how "gingerly" this organ of modern
" progression" speaks of Slavery : " no doubt
considctable wo should eay "upwards of con
siderable" wrong is done to the colored race,"
but, then, what of that J It is almost invariably
tho conse.pience of a hasty temper (!) and is
followed by repenlanc:, and often by repara
tion',! Reparation? What reparation ? We
should lil;o to knovy something about the sys
tem ol " repentance qnd reparation" that pre
vails among the Slaveholders in respect to their
mal-trcatmcnt of their " proptrly !" It would
doubtless open to us a new chapter in elides, if
tlie Times or Senator Clemens would give us
the facts. We suppose it is something like
giving a Iiorso an extra peck of oats, after un
merciful driving followed by " repentance !"
By the way, tho next thing wo expect to hoar
of the editor of tlie Times is that ho is in Low
ell, bending tho energies of his extraordinary
mind to llie humane labor of persuading the
" Factory Girls" to go off at once to the South
and " snap sitooations" with the Slaves o( that
scriptural country of " repentance and repara
tion !" Wo suppose, however, that the happy
slave who had actually received the grace of
reparation, would ask something handsome by
way of " boot," for coming up among us New
England " malignant." At any rate, the least
that the 7'i'mes can do, in view of these awful
disclosures of tlie greatly superior advantages
enjoyed by Slaves over Factory Girls, is to or
ganize a party for tlie immediate abolition o
Factories in general and the Lowell Factories
in particular, and the establishment of tlie hti.
mane " institution" of Slavery on the Southarn
basis of!' repentanco and reparation!'
KTWo are under obligations to Hon. IIe.nhv
J. Rav.mo.nd, of the New York Legislature, for
the Report drawn up we presum;, by himself,
fur tlie Select Committee on the several peti
tions for tho improvement of the Navigation of
Rtquetto and Mooso Rivers.
The subject embraced in the Report of Mr.
Raymond i3 one of interest to Vermont as well
as to Now York. The Rivers mentioned
traverse a portion of Northern New York that
is now to a great extent a tcilderness, though
ricli especially in timber and mineral wealth,
and of a quality of Eoil highly favorable for
Agriculture.
The Raqur-ttc River runs northerly, and
crossing tlie Ogdensburgh Railroad empties it
self ipto tlie St. Lawrence; the JJoojo is a
tributary of Black River, which finds an outlet
into Lake Qntario at Stckott's Harbir. Tho
evpniidituro of .920,000 will mako bith these
III vers " navgablc for togs'' which is all the
Petitioners ask. MjsI of our readers know
something of the immense amount of ths best
of lumbar that the region of country traversed
by these Rivers contains. Willi the improve
ment asked for, this lumber will find a market
not only through our Lake to New York, but
by all the avenues opened and to be opened to
tho Atlantic Markets, and when the timber
is exhausted an extensive producing Agricul
tural tract will havo been opened to civilization
and commerce.
Mr. Raymond's Report is exceedingly able
and conclusive embracing a largo array of
irc(s,derived from tlie Reports of Engineers and
others, going to sliqw tlie necessity for the ap
propriation asked for and recommended by the
Committee. A very interesting letter from
Prof. F. N. Benedict is given in the Appendix
embracing valuable statistics in relation to the
topography of tills terra incognita and the fea
sibility of the projected improvements.
We are obliged to Mr. Raymond fortius Re
port, and trust the recommendations it so co
gently sustains by fact and argument will be
adopted.
Correspondence of tlie Daily Free Tress.
Washington, Feb, 21.
Why is it that tho South aro so opposed to
the admission of California ? Last spring they
were anxious to refer the matter of Slavery
in this State to the people when they formed
llie Constitution, bscause they were opposed to
the establishment of a Territorial Government,
restricting Slavery, supposing no doubt, that
Slavery would bo introduced ai)d legalized.
Flie North at that time were opposed to this
manner of settling the question. Now, because
the people of California have settled this ques
tion satisfactorily to the North, tlie South are
opposed to the admission of California forming
a constitution precisely in tlie manner they pro
posed, and tlie North in favor of it. If the
North were wrong last session, and tho South,
right, tlie case must now bo reversed.
Will California bo admitted -and territorial
government established ? A territorial bill will
be proposed in a few days, it i supposed, in
which llio subject of Slavery will not be men
tioned, and the Wilmot Proviso purposely avoid
ed. Tho territorial question and tho admission
of California will be pressed together ? Il is
the opinion, however, of many that California
will be admitted, but no Territorial Government
provided for Desseret and Mexico. Tho Free
Soilers, and perhaps some moderato Northern
Whigs and Democrats will oppose strenuous
ly any attcnipt to pass a Territorial bill, without
tho incorporation of tho Wilmot Proviso.
Mr. Dayton, in tho Senate, made a speech on
Clay's resolution. He advocates, of course,
tho admission of California into tho Union.
The commenccinopt of his speech, was very hap
py. Ho alluded to the President's leaving the
scene of strife to attoud a celebration to-morrow,
on tho birtli day of Washington, He said
the people wero never more prosperous and hap
py than at prosent, nor their reptesentativos
more worried. The ladies as usual were ad
mitted on tho floor, hot did not remain long
only one being present at the conclusion of his
speech. This practice, by the by, of allowing
ladies scats on llie floor, is not over and above
co,m,mendablo, as it shuts out those who with lo,
attend tq important business. Mr. Walker h u
the flaor after Mr. Dayton, In vindication of hiui
solfb.'fo.ro Ids constituents.
Yesterday, Thaddeus Stevens, a native of
Vermont, tnado a powerful speech, in which. Le
lashed tho rjprcsentatives cf his own Stale,
(Penn.) and others in right good stile. Ste
vens is regarded as a strong Free Soller Uo
is a thorough-going Yma Freo Scaler, Ed. F.
P.
Bissoll, o! Illinois, an 1 Wiutlirop, of Massa
chusetts, both spoke to day, and did honor to
themselves and the North. They spoke in Com
mittee of tlie Yholc on tho state of tho Union.
Mr. Hl,30pH speech, which I did not havo the
pleasure ot listening to, am told was a master
ly effort. He vindicated the North from the
charge of aggressi in. Haid ho," Of the States
that have been admitted Into vh8 Union, 8 have
been free and 9 slave j does this look like ag
gression from tho North ?" Ho told the House
that already many of the Sjuthern Slates had
determined to withdraw from tlie Uiiion,ind on
ly need tho question of admitting California,
with her present constitution, as a protext. Tha
speech of Winthro(the closing of which I he.ard
was in vindication of himself from the numer
ous slanders of his oppanents, and was a most
powerful effort. He completely vindicated him
self from the clnrges of Root, Culver and oth
ers, and in his withering sarcasm, showed that
Ihcy had beea false to their country, inconsis
tent in their course and in their accusations
against him, had made falsa charges which
could not bo sustained in fact had lied. Ha
said that hereafter ho should notice the slanders
against him, that hereafter he should devote
himself to business, and talk ab-iut business, and
let the grasshoppers alono. That his recorded
votes for tiio last ton yoars lie could look back
upon witli satisfaction, that if his course had
not satisfied the North or South, they did not
truuble his conscience. In the closing part of
his speech, ho said that the Union was not what
ho would like to have it, but that from the Sa
bine to St. John, he went for the whole country,
the wliolo Unio.i, and tindi visible. He also
said that ho was in favor of tho admission of
California into the Union and should vote for tt.
W
(Correspondence of the Daily Free Press.,
TUB AD.U1SSIO.V OF CALIFOll.VIA.
Washington, Feb. 19,
Will Calilornia be admitted I is the question
now asked by the people. Judging from the
courso of the Southern membars, botli in House
and Senate, it might be supposed that every ef
fort will be made to prevent, if possible, her
coming in,at least with her present Constitution.
Not a dcubt, however, is apprehended as to her
final admission, and I am told that tho great
majority in both Homes are not opposed to her
coming in, but only want other questions settled
at thosamo time. In the House, yesterday, early
in the day, the question of referring tlie subject
of the admission of California, to the Committee
on Territories came up, and every effort wits
made, by motions to adjourn, to excuse a mem
ber from voting, and other motions always in
order, to prevent action on the main question,
and with complete success. The House did
not adjourn till 12 o'clock, and only adjourned
then, because the Speaker decided that the time
for the consideration of the question under dis
cussion had passed, and it could not be taken up
again till tho next resolution day.
The contest for California in the House was
cxco.'dingly animated. The opponents of the
tho measure were Southerners, but do not num
ber more than GO or 70, according to the test
votes yesterday. Many, however, in tlie House
are in favor of the admission ol California with
her present constitution, but did not like the
manner in which this question cams up, and
wanted a little time to think before they acted.
Those tiiat supported the measure, who are in
a large majority, fought the battle on untena
ble ground. The other day, thty opposed th
reference of the question to the Committee on
Territories, and yesterday as strenuously were
in favor of it. When the question comes up
right, and the Southern men can havo an op
portunity ol acting without compromising their
standing with their constituents, many of them
will be found with the North. Foote and Fath
er Ritchie were in the House, last evening, till
11 or 12, urging the Southern men to stick it
out, which advice was but too well heeded
Webster intjinatpd, the otht r day, that he
intended to express Ins views upon this question.
And it is tlie understanding that he will mako
a great speech, and will take rather moderate
grounds. But we shall see.
Mr. Downs is continuing his speech on Clay's
resolutions, and in opposition to the admission
of California. Yesterday, lie strongly objected
to the admission of California, because the
State was too large. He said that "he Sea-coast
was 907 miles in length, one-half the lenpthof
the Atlantic coast, that it was out of the ques
tion to allow a few squatters to take possession
of this vast extent of Sea-coast. It is strange
that this honorable gentleman, nnd some others,
did not think of this, when they advocated the
admission of Texas with her large extent of
territory ; circumstances account for the diffe
rence. To-day Mr. Downs is speaking in fa
vor of Slavery, drawing a coirjparison between
the properly ol the South and Nortp ; tho Slaves
ho regards as better off than Northern poor peo
pie.
What is the prospect of the passage of a bill
in tho Senate, for tho admission of California ?
1 think wo can calculate upon a clear majority.
All Northern Senators will go for it, and Ben
ton, Clay and Underwood from the Scyth.
Benton and Clay are in favor of the passage of
a bill unconnected with other subjects.
Thero has been some talk here about Mr.
Clayton's resigning, becauso tho Cabinet dis
agreed from him in the Nicaragui affair but I
doubt whether thoro is any danger of his leav
ing tho Cabinot iustyet. Gen. layiorwouia
not liko to part with his services,
W.
The International Art Union,
We have received from Messrs GouriL, Vt
bert &. Co., the Annual Engraving (the fins
work by Allais of " The Prayer,") for thoso
of our Subscribers to tho International Art
Union, whoso Certificates aro numbered under
1200. Thero are twenty four of them, and they
will receive ihcir copies of lite Engraing en
returning to us thtir Certificates, The remain-