Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume], February 14, 1837, Image 1

About Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883

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1'. U'ALTON AND SON, PUBLISIIERS.
...... . fa f T T-T K "TM
Krom the I.ihcrator.
TIIB CAhLlNG OF GOD.
'rt. ftl.,i.ini cfl'usion of J. O. Whittlcr's spirit-.
tirrinzmuse.tnoUEii inienueu uniy igr nuj. m t
. w i - n , , , . , , , ,.
I. .r nnli-thinE 10 ISd 10 llCf III COn'
rrtii tnr, tiure nnd brlclit to bo KCDl ll
i.-. i hj ..I tn thn lu'sttt nl vnur re
Not alwnys m ihe whirlnind s tush
n. tT...k'. mnnnt nflY'af I
Not ulways ts tho burning buh
Tn MirfWi ihephcrd scer:
Nor as Iho awfut voico wliith caui
To Isracl's prophel bard
JVor a iho tonues ofclovon Siraf,
Nor gift f ar''u' wordj i
'nl always thitfi with outward sign
'Of fifc, or voice frmn Hcaven,
The mtSfBgo of a troth divini
Tho call ofGod, is givfn!
Awaking in tho human heart
Lovn furtho True and Right
Eealfor Ihe Chrislian's "bcllor part,'
Strength for ihc Christlan's fight.
Yor unto manlionj'a heart alons
The holy inllucnco stcalj:
Warm with a rapture not its own,
The hi-att ofuwman feels!
As tho who hy Samaria's wall
The Savior s errand sought
As thu who wilh the fervcnt Paul
And moek AquiU wrough.1.
Or thoso meek one, whosc martyrdom
Rnme's eathtrcd srandeur saw,
Or llioto who in thcir AI;no homc
Hravcd tho Crusaditr's war,
AYhen iho green VauJois.trcmbling, heard
Throujh all its v&les of death,
Tho maityr's onp of triumph, poiircJ
From woman'a failing breath.
Oh, cently by a thousand thinji
Vhich o'cr our spirils paj
Like brrszev o'er the harpa hno string'i
Or vapnra o'er a glass.
l.ravin' ihcir token atrange lo icw
Of musie or of thndc,
Tlie t umrnona to tho Right and True
And jfltrtiful U inadc.
Oh, ihrn, iti rlearo.i of Truth and Li;ht
f"lah o'cr tho wailins rnind,
Unft,ldinj to our mcnlal sight
Tho wmts of hurnan kind
If bronini; over human pricf
The f-arnost wi&h h known(
To toothc and gladdcn with l.elief
An anguirh not ourown!
Though htraldcd with nouglit of frar,
Or outtvard aijn orahow
Thoiifh only to tho inwaid car
It whijpers aoft and low
Thnugh droopini; ae the manna fell
Unsecn yet from abovc
Ilnlv and pentle heed it well!
T"he cilt to TrUh and Lme I
A OOMEST1C PICTURE.
Fondly famiUar is tlio lok shs civea
Ae he teturrrs, who farlh solately went,
For ihey logcllier pass their happy hia;
And many a tranqull even'ng havo thoy sp'ent
2:i. Kli.el.in. .nnrnntltf intiAC.nl
Shn vowed wilh downcast cvcs and chan feful hur,
To Iotc Uim ouly. l.ove tultiilcd, liatn lent
lt decu rcnose; and when he micls hcr view,
ller ofl look only sys " I Irust and I aiii true."
Scatlered hke flnncra, ihe rosy chi'.dren play;
Or rnnnd he r ch&ir a busy crod thcy pivsa;
But, at tho Fatiieii'i coinini;, lart away,
Wilh pl&jful slruggle for hi? lovcd caress,
.And Jtalous of ihe one Iio fiist may bkss,
To each a welcomlng word is fondly naid ;
lle bends and kisses somo; lifls up the less;
Admirea ihe little chcek Eo round and rrd,
Or imontleB vsilh lendei hand iho curled & ahining
fccad.
.h 1 let us paute, and gare upon thcni now,
Is there nol one bcloved and lorcly boy !
With ISllrth's bright seal iipnn his opnn brow,
wia sweti lona cycs, orinuui oi htb duu joj t
He, who no measure of dclight can cloy,
The daiing and the darling cf ihe set ;
lle, who, though plcased iih every pasting loy,
Thoughllrfs and buoyant to cxcccss, could yet
Never o gciille word of kmdly dced forget '
And one, raotn fragile than theresi, for whom,
Ai for tn v..ak bird in a cruwded uesl,
is needed all ihc fostc-ing rare of liome,
And the soft comfort of iho brooding brrast :
One, who hath oflthe couchof sickness prtst !
Onwhom the jMolher looks, a it gocs by,
Wilh tcnderneis lnlcnee, and fear supprcsl,
"VVhifs Iho koft paliencc of her aniious i.yo
Slcnds wilh " Cod's will bc donc Ood giant thou
may il not oie"
And is there not llin elderof ihe band 7
45he wilh ihc gfiitlc siuile and smooth Urighl hair,
vvaiung g&mc paces uacn coniciii iu aiBiiu
Till iheso ofLove'scaresses have their shaie,
Knowin? how toon his fund paternal caro
Shall serk hi violtt in hef shady nook :
Palient she utands demure,and brighlly f.iir,
Oopying Iho meikness of her Molhtr's lo'k,
And cfasping in her hand ihe favorilo itory-houk.
For the Watchman and Slate Journal.
THU PIIESIDENTI AL ELKCTION.
The Prcsnlcntial clcction is pasfctl, and
7larlui Vnn Bnren m elcotcd. I ncvcr waso.
mong the iuiuibr of lliufc who bclii-vcd it
pofllilo lo prcxeiu ins inciion, ano i oiieu ,;all lo wrue upon Uiu siitjcci are only retnlcr
viondend l.ow llio bupporlcrs ol Ilnirison . ing tnorc diflicult and imptaclicablu onj
eould, some of thcm, fo confidonily anlicipato! schiimo for Iho prvenlion ofu grcat and grow
Mi ilcctlon. Slrange as it may sci ui, durmg nn M , 3ut 1 must stop.
all Ihc strugsle, I ncver had llic lesst porticlc
nt an inclination (n mpport Van Hiuon. l Iio
tjiH'ilinn with '.Tie wai nor, whn will obtain thc
slcclion J but for whom ought I, under rxist
ing clreunvtanees, lo givo my volo nnd thal
lim, williout rtfcrcnce lo Iho probablc rcsull
v the oli'cllo!)
, . ,
.. uinv.i.i.w ", i, . .iiU.. -
lahle nl Ihe probahlo slalc of Iho vnlec, " to
bu roinparcd iwtli ihe aclunl ktato of Iho otcs
whcn gtvcn in ilicnvcrtl Elecloral Collcgef."
It would be foinn prntificolion lo nie, i( h
fnrnf were publhi-d in your valuablu paprr.
W hcrc any itrors happcn in Iho ealculation,
thc namc ol tt.o slato ia itulitiuJ.
V. n. II. White. Wtbslcr.
Maine
N. Ilninpsliito
Massacusclls
Connecticut
21. Island
Vermont
New York
'cw Jtrtty
Pennsylvania
JJc'awaio
Maryland
Vlrginiu
North Carolina
South Carolina
Qttrgia
10
11
S
8
30
3
10
23
IS
(1
i i i
MHsi;iipi
Alahnmu
Loiiiaiunu
Alkansaa
Miaaouri
ICcntucliy
Tenncmt'w
Ohi.i
ndhna
13
21
7
c
191
lincia
2C
11
It was always sgrpnsinj: lo niii how tho
fricnds of IJarrison could claiin llio yoto o(
Poiinr-ylvania for thcir candidutc. It is true
that Pcnnylvania, in 1832, would not otcfor
Van Burcu as Vico Prcsldcnl. Uut whoivcr
lias attentivcly lonkcil nt Pcnnsylvnnia, for a
vcry fow yeara pasl, mnst havo known that
tliat slato has btcn consitcnt only in incon
li.itcncy. Thcy litvo always Fiipporlcd one
rct of mcn and anollicr rct of nicafures.
Probably thc rcason why Pciinoylvania was
so ardcntlf attachfd to Qcn. Jatkeon wan.hc-
cattao thcy wcro biltcrly opponed to moct of
lns icauin mcasuies. i.
The voto of tlus stale nas givcn for Mr. Man.
gum of North Carolina. Il is Ihe only state whero
anv crrnr IiaDncned, excent in casos where the stale
was given to Van Bnmi, and finally voted agamsi
uim.
Kor ihe Watchman and Slato Journal
SLAVERY INTHEUNITED STATHS,
I write now in crcat hastc. and coiucaucnt
ly can eay but little on this intcrcsting Jiulull
abeorbing lopic. l'trhajis atsomclulurclinic,
if my ctrcumstancvs fionuil, and tho columns
nf tho Watchman are open, I mayexpresstny
iews morofully in rclalion to thi3 subjccl.
It is usclcss loattempttoprcvbntdifciUFian,
Ihc pcoplo will tlinik, lalk and ivnlo upon
this tiibjcc'. ; and if llio censiblo portion ol
community will pcrmit nonc but lunaiics auu
dcmagoguc.i to discuss tho fubjcct, inuch ol
cvil in n y bc apprcliniilcd.rroin Ihc disciission,
Thero urc Isnulics on both s'idof, and there
is much of crudi' nnd hustily fornicd opiniori
on both nidct. I alludo to tho nbolilionials
aud tlicir ciponol?. Thc abolitionists arc
ungaged hoiiestly and licarlily no doubt in
a crusadc ngainst siuvcry ; thcy aro orgar.is.
ing ihur forccn, cslablishing llicir papcrs, and
ending tlicir lecturcrs inlo all the innd. Thcy
tcll us thnt tlavciy is a great and a dainniug
fin, and that thc only incthod by wliicli lliis
in can bo rcmovcd from our country is hy im
iiEDiATn and vncokditiokal cinanc'pation,
and that no cvil nced hc approhcnded from tlic
applicalion n( lliin rcmcily. If poichance an
indiiiduul sliould bc fnun'd not quito rcady tu
subfcribc lo all Ihc.ie iloclrincs, Iio Is at onco
dcnounccd as an advocalo of slavcry a pro
lnvcry man.
But lct us rcason togothcr a wliile. Wlial
do you mcan by I'mnifrti'nle nnd unco)i((iaiio
emnncipation ? Would you, atonct,let looso
all tlio black popnlntion of the South, givo
them unconditlonally 1hoir Irccdom, and euf.
fcrthcm to roam whcrevcr thcy, in thcir lolly
and ignorancc, miglit liappen to plcnsc 7 IS'u,
answer thi abolitionii-t;, but tho slavo elioulil
no longcriic a chatlel, hc fibould no lonscrlic
conoidcr Ihe "ronfrlw of his maslcr, he should
4ic pronounccil frtc by Iho laws. Yen, nt j
vour niicoiiililtonal cmancipalion bim
conui-
lions utlacbed to it, nftcr all; llio domrslic
slavc-trade may bo ahohehcd immcdiatcly, thu
scparation of faniilica nrohibited, and thc
slavo rrgardcd as a man instcacl of a brutt,
but he is a j?aue so long as hc is siihji-ct tothc
will of his masttr. Why not thcn,gcnllciiicn,
come out honcitly, nnd acknowlcdsc ihal ymi
have, tn f.ict, abandoncd your schcmo nf im-
mcdialc and uncondilional emancipalioh ?
Butsznin: What cood olijcirt can be cf-
foclcd by your Lbors in thc non-slave holding
sihich i iiv, ii'iiniii upiiiiuu iiitu uiuv uu
cIucp n surprining cffrct on the South. Uut
pulilic opinion lierc, cvcrsint e tho orlopiion rl
our fcdrrai conslilution to say tho leasl, has
heen, aud rtill coutinuca lo bo, your slandcr -
ous osseftionb tolhe conlrary notwilhslanding,
deoKlcilly opposcd to slavcry. Itisliuta lcw
ycars sincc, tliat all of our Fourth of July or-
alors scldnm omitlcd nn occafion to say somc-
Ihing eondeninnlory of ilavcry, ond thcy at
wnys uiu eo ..iumui any nor n iu, oppo.irni.
our labors havo now uis.le a ccrtain class of
conimunilv inore cniiliom in llitir obfcrvatiuns
.,. ...:.i . .:. e .
on 1111s eunjcci, ior icur 01 uiconiiiig luciiiiiicu
, r-. e r i. ! :., ..n
wun 1111: aiiiiiioniai. 1 110 iui iiisiiiy uieir
I f. ars, tiorappruvo cl all ibril condnct ; but il
ir. ccrlainty nryclcarly shnws Ihe ill tffcclsof
II .1 .. !..!!
I.inr.licif in nu tlic pulilic iiunil, anu lion ouoi
ixlremo is raknUtcd lo proiluce it opposilc.
v ncn Mavery is nnodsinii iu irgiuia, "
. ciinnpl bo nonc ny Vrrmoul. uiir power is
1 only aJi'ior". l.et Iho N ol t li , if sho must
' Fptuk at it II upon Ihc fubjcct, spoak thc lan
t gunge uf kiiidnissas wcll as of cann&lncss
'iind fnlolily. Fluvcry is a grcnt ivrongj the
! South have lnn long rliimhcrrd on thc briuk nf
I avolcano bullhe rcmrdy for lh'u pjcat wrong,
must be the wnrk nf Timo and of pnlient Pln-
lnntlirnpy, iinuring anu iinrriTiiiiing in it cl-
, fnrir.
Iviieuaiiil naily measuros can accom
j plifh nothins, ar.d lliosc who dip ihcir pins in
AMICUS POPUI.I.
Fcr the Watchman f! Journil.
ANTI-!? LAVEUY MEETINC.
i Tho Marshfield Anti-Slavrry Socicly, nirt
"I. IIIV Ul .l.b U.l. Hl.tUIII, UWI.IUIIIt
,, ,1... r ,1... io,i. i,.Ei.,..i
0 unnuiii nient. Anu it vr lu ciiin
, to uppuliilmcnt. Auu nl l vr iMtciiing lo nu in
1 . - .. c. .... I) "Vf . o. - r rt.. i
icrttijii; ufiuicD iiuiii i.cii ivtr. oiuncui
bnt. and a eeurrul invilalion bcin" nivcn bv
llio Prchidcnl, i-cvcrul persous camo I'urwaril
ntid cnrollctl their nnnwH as incmliorr, aud thu
lollowin" rcsnlutlonx wcru adoptcd.
JlCfolvid. That Iho sucress atlcndin; llio
anfi.tl.ivo Cflotc, it maticr of cncouragcineiit,
aud thould stimulate us to grcotcr uml moro by iho lcimlnalion ot inh slino wara now ra
uuliiiiig tfTort in all fiituro lnne. gtng in Spnin nnd Portugolj ond, laslly, llic
llctolvcd, That we havo horctoforc opposcd ( vcry capabilily of ihis couiiliy lo coiisiimeand
the anli-alavery cause moro for ivant of inlor-1 pay (or forcign importulions niustdcpcnd upon
nialion llicn Irom any defcct in thc systcui of rediitlug to order nnd slnbilily tho currcnry of
operalions. I tlus country, wliicli, iiuilcr Iho improviug nnd
Reeolvrd, Thal Ihc thanln of this Socicty eagacioui guidnnce of lhi adiniiiiatrntion, haH
ho (endercd to nev. Mr. Stono, for hU oble, bccn conductcd to a lalu ot ild nnd tint. an
nppropriale and intercsting nddress. I ngeablo canliisioii. Tho next conjccluro em-
Ueolved, That tho prncecdingsof Ihis mrcl. boditil in tho proposilion I havo last statcd
ing togcthcr wilh Iho rcsolulions adoplcd, iio fj0ii llic rcpnrt is, Ihat thc publiii lands aro to
forwardcd for inscrtion in Ihe Vermont Watcli- bo sald wilhout any legislalivoorexcctilivoie
inan and Slato Journal. Hirulnts as to purchascrs or (jiuntiiits. In
MOSES CREE, Prctideiit. ' oijier words, it supposea tho famous Trcasury
JotiM Rotlcs, Sccretory. 1 clrcular to bc rcpeahd. I bcg tho geollcmcn
MsribfieJd, Jtn. 19, 1337. , uf the West pnrliculaily tu notieo one featutc
AMD STATE JOURNAJL
MONTPELIER, TUESDAY, FEHRUARY, 14, 1837.
,
'J' ll e T 11 V i IT.
. . '
TnunsDAT, Jbii. 12, 1837.
i hc iiiii tu rctiuco i iio rcvciiuc ui uiu um
Itd Slnlcf, tcpotted from llio Coinnultco of
Way and Mcans, eoniing up in its otdcr
Mr. C0UW1N, of Ohio, oddretscU Iho
Ilomc ns fulIoWB :
.Mri. Si'EaKEii i Ifcildccply tcniiblo lliat
' I tm ahout lo occupy llio liiuc of llio Ilouto
iiron a tubjcct w liicli cannol possiuiy uo tna.
Iired uilo ti'gielalion diiring llio bricf pcriud
Itat rcmaina lo us of llio prcsciit ncasion. It
il llio co'iviclioii lliat llio bill bcforo yoti, imh-.
crcd into IhU llouao nitli aliastolioldcringup
on rnslmcps, conluins wilhin ils provisions
priuciplca tuo iiiomcntous and vitally afl'ccting
a largii portion of llio counlty to bc ncled up.
ou llna tuEtion, lliat impcla mc to eolicit llio
atlcntion of the Housc lo my rcasona lor eus.
laitun" tho uiolion ol tuo gcnliemoii itom
MasjJchtnctts (Mr. Lawrcnco) ior llio indefi.
nito poatpbliciiicnt of llio bill. Slr, 1 am nol
aurc iliat my tliorough conviclion ol llio nccos-
tiiy ol iranqunizing tiioptiuiicaKuaiiu"i w iucn
tho pri'acncoof llns bill litto uill cxcile, bynn
immediato ri'jcclion or postpnncniunt of il,
tvuuld Imvo ovcrcomc my liabilual utvrsiou lo
addrctsmg llio IIouso, liad I not, in coinuion
wilh my Iricnua IrotnlMamacliufetts auu ronn
svlvania. felt thal sucli a courco could alone
lnsuro Iho tninoiily of the coiinfiilli'C, wilh '
whom tlic bill otiinalcd, ugoinet misuiider- j
alanding, as wcll hcreaa aniongst llioscwhoin
wo leprrscnt. Ilad llio molion to lay llio bill
and tcpott on tho tablu and printthciuprcvail
cd, a papcr mo?t claborato in its sttuclurc,
and voluniinous in its dimcnsioni, would havo
gone furth to Ihc country, bcaring upon ils
tnco no inlimation that tho wholc coiiiiniltco
did not concur in il. To ptevcnt llio putsibil
ity of fucli iniscoiislruction, 1 fccl il a duly to
thosc who havo honoicd tuo wilh a scat lierc,
to prcscnt iuy prolctt, ugainsl bolh llio bill anil
tho rcporl wliicli accompnnirs it, at llio urli
cst nioincnt possiblo. This poor privilege,
sii, wc lintl bccn dsnicd ycHcrday, by tlic
Ilonsi1, but for llio limcly subslitutiuii, by my
I'licnd from MassuchupclM, (Mr. Lawrcnic,)
or ihc mo'ion for " indcliiulo potlponemcnl,"
Ibr thal vihich mas mado by ihc gcntlcman
lioin New York (Mr. Gambrcltng.) Tho
lalter molion, by Ihcjfn'ct law of I'nrlianienl,
did uot purinil Ihc ininority of tlic comniitlce
lo ultor cvcu a syllablo by way of ilisscnt to
the principlcs of tlic bill or tho rcporl. Cour
tcsy, liowcvcr, it sccms, had uiiifotmly concc
dcd to a iuinurily llun bituatcd, uliat tho rigid
rulo dRiiitd j but, its our caise, tlio gcntlnnan
from New York (Mr. Alann) pcttinnciouhly
insistcd on (hc lcttcr of Iho law. Courlcsy
bccamo inconvcnicnl, ntid llic " iron rulo" of
proscriplion wna enforccd. Pcrmit mc hcrc,
Mr. Spcakcr, lo ofiermy Ihanks In tho gcntlc
man from Morylutid (.Mr. Thomap.) lur his
manly appcal lo Ihe LIoubc in our bchall.
Sucli cxliibilions of maguanimity aiu rara in
tliC3c tiincs. eml oii"lit not to tiass uimoticcd.
I did dciro, sir, to sco tlio bill disponcd f
wiinaut encnng into a tleliaio on itu inrrits,
but as nu cxplanation could bo cvcn hinlcd nt
wilhout it, 1 am rrjoiccd that tho prcscnt ir.o
tion was madc, which opcns tho cnliru moas
urc proposcd to froc and full discuFsmn.
I sball havo occasion to rcfcr to tho rcporl,
as that is llio cxpositioii prcscnteu ot Ihc prni
jjuteri and policy an hicli the bill is bascd.
i Join;. this, as I hau only hcartl il rcad, and
have not had tho advanlage of a pcrusol of ils
contcnts, I cannot prctcnd to quolc iti- lan-
euoEO. nor can 1 Hope to bo exact 111 giving
.n itq tuhatnncc. I nrn hannv In sco llu-
honotablc chairiuun of llic Waya und Mcans
(ir. Cumbrclcii") in his sct.1. w.o will nt mc
MP, E,0ulrJ 1 aWiny tmie unvvillingly mitlnkc
oMnisicprcreacnt Cxo ttuc import ol lns pro.
I duclion. I am vcry suro llio gentliinan will
. - t i , , : .....
,i,a.irnn auc i u dutv lo h into f nnd lin iihi
w, thc utmobl nlacrity. As he, I doubt nul,
rrnards llns. llic vouncest ol lils nnanciul
pro"enyl as possc'ssing cvcry coiribinalion
0f Bvmmctry and gracc, ho will not 3it by and
... ;t3 hcautv inarrcd. wilhout instaiit intcino-
i vir,,,n in its bdialf.
I 'rhc most obvioin obieclion to tlio introduc-
: u( it,;, aiiscs fioin a view ol' ils intiin.
blc inipartancc, nnd tho diflicult and dtlicatc
j questions wliicli arcinsepomble from any prop-
, Osiiion which propofes n radical chan"o in Iho
nronoses n radical c ian"u m Iho
i ---.!. .... o
cxisi,ns taritl. Tlic Wliole ot llio argun.fntili
,1U vcry vulumrnous rcport, which is nothi'.g
i.,., ,), i,iil vuur tnhle. with n fow fucts nnd
. . ' . . .. .
irifeR.iCt8 lo irop 1111U tublaiu ll, may tie con-
, ,.n8e, into ono or two senlcnces ot nlalnKnj.-
I ijtu u a natcd (aud I shall not now allcinpt
,n ,.nnirr,veit anv lact lo nlnch I shall Imvo nc.
. .......
,.,.; i itlerl lliat thc iwistiii" tarifl rxtciu s
pioUclion to lubor eiuploycd in inanufai.luMiig
. m llns coinilry, Ihe omiuul proditct ol wliicli is
g30D,000,000. It is nssumtd (andforthcBako
of Iho argumeiil, I shall ndmit il) thal tho pro.
tcction allbtdcd by our cxistiug tarifl" Inwa U
ncccssary, nnd no niorc Ih.in is ncccsJiiry, lo
cnablcour own iiiamifacluriu; cMabliflunciils
to cxist in compelition uuii lorngn Cflablii-h-
inciils cmploytd in llio amo busincsf. To
suilai i Ihis proposilion, the high ptico of Ia.
hor and capilal wilh u, and llie coinparalive
chcapncss of hothiibroad, uro asrritrd.
Thu U'port liiitlicriissi'rlBlhallhedutirscol.
lcclcd on iinrorts by llio r.ilu cHohliclud by
thu law ol Marth, I83.'I, coiiiiuonly called Iho shall not siop lo inqiurc into Ihe iuiiech nl Ihe
cumpioihii'eacl, niii, uilli ihc pioccids ol Iho j prcscnt anomaious bitualioii of nnr on ctir
ulcs ol public lauds, bring inlo Iho Tnaniry, I ' 'li,!d from Mafracliiisi lti, (Mr.
wilhin Iho ncxt eighlocn iiionllis, moiu rcven. Lnwrcnrc.) whn aildrcs.rd you ilh fo iiitich
uo, by scvcn imllions of dollur, lltnn Iho fnice and clfiiriu-ni ycslerday, has li-lt nolhiii"
wanUof ihoGoscininenlrniiiiie. H.rc I hog to bu boid by any ono on Ihcpo Inpicf. Sir,
genlliincn lo obn-rvo llialllns IiiM pio ositiou
.. . I .1 . .. . .1.1 ..
1S lllllllini; irnin. nui ..i.. m V..II1WIMI.II.FI1 u.
'I' in tirul nl II..... ii h.
Iho linpoilatiuii Irom ubioad to iIi'm countrv,
iluriu" Iho I'oxt rivo ycais, w ill reach a givcn
uinnunl. Wliclhcr Ihis conjeiluro rhali l cvt.
I ii... ...uiu rl tin(H
rilicd.iniist dcpcud upon thu iniinbcrlcks con-
liil"elil evcuii, llio lurn oi wnn n no uiiinaii sa
aciiv cnn furesce, urising out ol thu pretent
unstlllid coiiiliiioii of Irade, labor, nnd cur-
' roncy in Circat Uiitain ; Iho changu lliat may
! bo broiitlit uboul in llio innlkcls of England
LUiiit-UAiiiiiiiiwii'll;'ll'i' i
tfl tliwtcport. II is liiifcd upon tho aiippopi-
tlon thnt llio bilt now 011 your lablc, rcpurted
by 0ne of your slanding comiiiiltcct, wilh lliat
tillc to captivalinn lo nalriot car, " A bill lo
ntrcft monopolica of public land, and to pro
liibit llio snlee tlicrtof, czcvpt to nctual t ctllcrs,
in lilnitcd quantiliee," i. to bc f coultd, tlirotvn
out of door, ntnl iln placu to bo supplicd by
llils moro rcocnt and iiappy uf8ar.ll upon tho
popular cor, bcaring on ila fronl llio eliarincd
plirnsr, " A bill lo tcduco llio rcveniio of llio
Unitcd Statsa to llio wanls of llic Covcru.
tnpnl."
Tho Iloiifo will bcar in tnind lliat tliia bill
proposcs to ruiucdy an npprchcndid cil. U
looks into tlio fcilurc, and imugini.-.tlial, in llio
licjctycnr nnd u lialf, tlic rxistin, dulics on im
potts wilt bring into tho Trcneury moro ino
ncy.tlinn i; rcipiircd for llio tiscs nf llio Gov.
'crnlncnt by ecviu millions ol dollara. 1 liave
nlrcady inlimated lliat 1 obicct to tlio limo fc.
I I t'r i !. .1... II-
iccifi ior iiriiiui uuu uiu uuuau u uiiuurti
fr.iught ttilh an many difl'icullics ns belon to
cvery siibject whicli proposcs n railic.il clur,gc
in our pjslcm ol rcvcnui'.
Willioiil ndverlinj.', tlipreforc,fortlieprcjcnt,
tn tlio tnriils of tlio bill, 1 fccl lOiili'Jcnt do
not nppc.il in vain lo Iho liouo to oy that u o . nual proiluction of thrcc hundrcd tnilhoni", and
cannol actunon il bulwcuu lhi day and Iho are iiravely lold that this will bo a mnel calu
4lli of Maah. Let sicnllciiicii loi k al tlicno lary fiiiantial opcralion. Lct gcntlcrncn kccp
coiuiiry bitfincsa now bclorc ur, nnd llicn cal- ronslantly in inino ihnl tlic bill and repott go
culale Iho iiuiiiIkt of daya tcinaiiiiii
lor ilali. 1
. .
nnl dispnsilioii. Il wilf bo rcnif nibtrcd thal
Monday in tvery wrck is dcvolitl lo llio icccp. linrtly hollicicnt to enolilc our own inanufac
lion ol pctilions; Kriilay andSaturday uf c:n li ! lurcrs to conliii'ie thcir Imainean. With the
wrck, by nnoihcr stnndtng rulc, aro s'ct npuit singlu cxccplion of iron, tlio rcpnrt on your
for privalu cloims. Krom what wc havo nl- tablo will, I think, be lonnd lobo in subslancc
ready seen duringlialf thc allollrd tcrm ol'iue ns I havo rpiotcd il. If thoii you diminish lliat
scssion, it ,3 not lo bo ixpcctcd lliat a moincnt ' prnUclion, by curtailing il in tho ahort space
ol limo can br- uithdr,iun from lliat nllollcdlo , of liglilecn montha hy Heven millions, wliicli
pctilions, for thc considcralion nf oltii r bu-i- i by lliu law now in forco would not bo dono
ni. n triiilciiiaii.IaniC(iuallvsiire.driatn lill tho cnd of fivc vcars, il follown, as a ncccs.
Ihat wc slio"iild dcny jmlicu any longcr tlniii is
unavoidablf, lo Ihe iiiniiy liunurcus ol pmulc ' niiil 1.11 or, lo inc nuiouiu i iiavu- aiatcu, io in
clniuis which havc bccu luvorohly ropoiiid on jflnnt nnd lolul dcetruction.
bv that cnmniillec wliose uward, with larcex- i Sir Spcakcr, l havo only suggcifted so much of
coplinn, ore considcrcd laws to tho IIonsc.- I "' ments ofthe subiuct a, I decm nessry lo di
' . ....... , . rtn ,tm ntit.ntinn ol ihe Housc to the initiurtanco
There ij a largciiody of claiinanls nf a rnirccl
lancouj cliaiaclcr m otiu duss. aud thu niii
nli-il niitiliniu uml idowa uiut ulhlinri! thi
rcprvscnlivcs of lliuo vthu havo fnllcn in vuur ihc cxerciso t'frcnson is an agent lnour resenrrhes j tliedesignaliunscfiarill'aridaiiti-iariir. The anli
lalowars wilh bolh civilized and savag,. r,," nf.er tiuth, if knonlcdgo is not intuitive, wo ;oor ; iff pariy, chlelly compriscd in thu Souibcrn and
.1 I - I.-. I
III UllOllllT, uim .1 MUl H on ini.iuuiiuiir ,rv u,
il,..,rvil!nn. v-u rans oi' vo.ir rcv,.ll,,,.,
slrueslo in anollicr clasp, all tioiiiliug lo tl
;
reporls of your own commitlcc, anil sliowing
cIuiniH upon your julicc j onio nf tlirin ilc
laycd for holf a ccnlurv. I cniinol onltnaiii
sn poor an opiniuii uf llit.' inoial aenso of an
Aiiicricau CongreK' as lo uppoje il will Uirn
nsido Irom lliis nuik ofjuslicu and bcncvo.
lcnce. lo cnlcr ll.to llrcamy atlU llllllllcss llts-
quifitions upon Ihe balunco of Irade ; lo pon- fausincsr, we can cuniass, ilem by item, appropria
dcr over labnlar stnteincnls a incoiiiprchcns:. ' tlon bills to Ihe amounl of near iweniy-sovcu mill
blo ns Iho Sybillino booka ; lo adjust wilh con- ions, and havc limo lcfi us lo labor thruugh Ihe dif
lempliblo acruracy tl.c ad vulorcm duly on a f'Cultics that atiend Ihe bill under consnlrration 7
T ,. ! .....i .1. - .. - 1 . Mr Sncakor. in conncxion wilh tho obicctions to
t'f" 1 T. .' .r ... I ... " I ! "T8U
u. r........e ...
coming into that vcry TrcaKiiry, uhoso doorn,
in tho mcan timc, you closc against thosc who
drmand of you tho payment of your honcst
dcbls, lor tho non.payiiicnt of wlnch many of
vonr rrpdilnra ma ianjriiithin in Tmv..r!v n.w!
wanl.
You have llicn rtmaining lor
Iho dc
P"
of gcni-ral lcgislation llnee days iniath wci k,
igii"2 ulnmt lwrnly-lo dnys for llio consid -
cralion ol lnlls ol n gcucial nalurc, and .ill llio
apprnpiialioua fnt Iho ciiircnt jtar. I ak llio
majority nl llio Wuys and Mianf, ho hae
I nk llio
punicu lliis new anu pcr iicxing tuuji ci ou tin
I Housn ul this llinc. ll It is HrndcM. lo fnv thc
i Wust of n, lo Fiipposo thal llio llo'ise is lo
! vnte nwny tv.cniy-four millions of dollaii iu
......ii..n. ...11...... ii.fl.i...
npprnpnaiiiin, nithotit inquir t cxiitninution,
i r dclinlc, furllicr than lo nk Hlicllicrlhcfoin.
mitlee of Wnys and M.tms dieiro il U.nnld
bc (loiie? I ask Ihis Iloiiiie. whnsu conslilii-
I tlon and most irnpor'aiit I'unclion it i lo kuuiv
' "I'o npproe uiu ouii -ti 10 vnicn rvi rv uounr is
. lo be apphrd, btfuro it eancliuiis ils appropri
otton, whollicr it is wil tng, al t
of a coinmiltce, to ive a iliolt
I thc mriurf Olicst
II nn il,,. T.Iin
.T.' n,L j
01 ooiiarH, nnu
ijy for ncarly lliirly millions
' 'l's hcconie tho mcro iuniifti riul agcnt ol Ihc
1 riul ngcnl ul Ihc '
is base abmidon. .
Trcasury Ucpailmcnt ? Jhisliasc abimdon.
' nirnt of duty you mut siibmil to- lo this liu-1
ir.ilialion yuii must come, if you lurn afide
1 from llio nectnauiy duiios of Iho fimion lo
irom ino ncctnauiy ouik-s oi iiio fimion 10
., .. , ii . i ... i .
ro.iM.ior ine uiu now ihiuio you ; uuii s, ni.
, dtul, you tliono lo ni'h inadly upon un uo.
lircd tchonir. full of danscr. nnd f urroimdcd
.. -.i , .1.. .. . . 1 1 . . .
with doubt, upon (Iio vi ry umcasunubln prc-
flitnpllon ol HlC inldlliuiu lllEOOlll ol Ita uu-
Ihon
IV.., Mr. Spcakcr, if wc Iiadn.l Iho time wc
cou tl dcsirc, lor llic new odjiiEtineiit ot a new
tjslcui of legislalion to any rcal or biipposid
viiaiiso in our conuiiiou ni noiiii', or wiiii aui-
,cr iialions, h Uim nn aupicious pcriod lor llie
, rxpuiiiicnl Turn for o niomcnl to your In.
lcst odvirrs frum Kiigland. Every painful
pulsulion in lliul grcat htiirt ofrniinl and
trade is followcd by a syiiipallutic Ihrob on
llns nde ol lli.i jllniilic. v linl is llic Hutc
of tiirrciicy llirouglioul Grtal IJrilain i:o ?
.Thc prico ol inoniy rifing, iho banKs Mo -
pig pojmcul, nnd hr finaucii r3 un&Iilo In
furelcll ihe lnne or tho maniicr, wliiu or huw
lliis ngilalio'i fcliall mtd. Nor is our Fiiuulion
fico Itum ryiiiptoniR nl couiins; iinloituiif. I
I iceults nl tliat gi ntlrman'a nclujl cxpcn
..n il.i. ri i.r......u ..Cli.a c....n.l . t. il.i h. , n .
. - . - 7" , . ..
II1II". I 'HIIIS II UL'U IIV IIIH 1 1 Tt I II I III 1 1 1 f " fll
I goodhinrl nie wiiii ino lnllcr ainlioiili on ihc.o
nhjiclf, Ihan u llmiiiiiiid riu.ntos tillul uilli
I ppti'iilniioiis of clonctcd etonoinirlf. Wc all
IK'ii.w iii.ii, irum sninc tuusc, irauouiiu cuiicii.
i-y fccin In bo riivurcid frniii each oihcri do-
iuolic rxtlmngcs nrc nn lungcr icg laltu by
Ihc toiirso of trnde, and the vuy rcpoit on
your luhle cnuiilaius of n rfdiindant aper
circiilaiioii. Who can li ll whcn tlio cuimi-i
which limo produccd Ihcfu ifl'ccts bha'l cca-e
In norrntfi ? Whn t'tin unv tn tvltr.l tlipv ,imiI '
finally issno? In this diiitroctrd slato ui
llungs, whut arc wo aslud to do? ' Wc ore
irqiurpil lo nnncl n law lliat (linll (car frnni it.
trry fniiiidation, whero thcy havo rrMul for
Iwcniy yeara on tho faith ol' your laws, u tnpi
lnl and lnlior which produco properiy imial to
lluco hiindrcd millions of dollars a ytar. Is
lliis a lnno to iorcc sucli on amount of cnpilal
inlo new cmploymcnt ? Is Ihis Ihat pcriod ol
calni wlioni) much lnborCHn bu diivon, wilh
suddcn violcuce, to ahundon its safc and ttied
piirsuite, and scck ul onco olher and unaccut
tomcd rlinnntla? No, snrcly this is nnt that
time On Ihc contrary, it wo.uld edd unuthor
j Minnnri
VOL. XXX,
to runny cleincnts nf conliision alrcady bnt
loo cxtcnsivcly and aclivcly at untlt, fjir, it
doci rcciii to ma tlint llio unactllcd stntc of tlio
intcrnal coinmcrcw and cnrrcncy ol tjiia coun
try is of itsclf an nnanswcrablo otjccllon to
llio prcacnt cnoctmcnt of a law lliat all inust
hco will powerfully inctcoso Ihc cvits thnt nl
tcady dccply nfllict us. Tlio natuial inslinct
of brulo ammols, in sucli acri.'is, would mg
iCEtcaiiliuii and ptudcnco us llie courac of ivu
doin, not rash atlvcnlurc and wild cxpcrimcnt.
If it weto bad policy to protect by imposln tho
indimtry of your own Pcoplo, if it could bc
-liown to bo unpatrintic nnd iin-Anicrican to
clicribli by dulics pianufactiiring fkill, bo tliat
in tiino ol war you miglit bc ablo lo furnieh
l!:. cnmmnnctt ncccsarios of lilc to your own
Pcoplc, flill having dono so, liowcvcr untviso
ly at firsl, eincc by doing ' you havo crcated
au iiiimciieo amount ol property, it would bc
modneca, moon-stiuck inadmas, to crush thal
propctly ot a blow. Sir, by tlic laws now in
tofcc, ifyon butlctthcmalonc, infivoyi-ars, by
yourowii ahoiving, tlic fvil of uliich vou now
coniplain will ccaso to cxist. lnstcad of this,
wa aru now nsiU'ii, in orucr 10 gct nu oi scvcn
i millions of surnlus rcvcnur. lo clcatrov an un-
iiliiiii tlio atlinisiiioii lai iinn h m noi omci-
..... - 1
wtte asserlcd) that tho duliu3 now impoecdaio
Uarv conclusinn, that you do ubjndon cophal j
and nuinter of iho questions which wo aro called
. nL.... I... kiu ir tY,n. rplWtion rentnre! iim. ;f 1
upon In oVciue, Deloro we can Bmeiy voie ior or a
i paliul
rimrlnla. ilio nre nnt PlflCU Wllll lnOC JUSPirallOns
---- n .
ldi sodn to be Ihe pccutmr altr.butcs cfthc a,i-
ori in bi and rcporl, must oe a momciils
pauvo beforo wo decide. We musl plod on in tho
old bealcn way. We musl procccd by painful and
' slnw research ; wo musl top, look around us, and j
' rtllcct much ; and nfter grcat loil, and a long jour-!
ney, we may possibly reach ihuse lofty .hciglits of
1 trnnccndciiUl oh;ical wisdom which the aulhors of i
I Ihis bill havc scalrd wilh the fpccdof lighlcning at
sinnle bounJ. Is 11 lo uo enpecieii, l again asK,
' .u.. : ,i, ,....,,.., dmi lhal remain for ponernl
! a consid'cration of Ih.s bill, aiising from a' want of
(im j lnuj( remllllj ,, auinors,ami ine poiiiicnl ma.
' jrj, f ihi. Hoiue, nf anolher subjcci, which, m
justice to thcmselves and to Ihe nation, they are
buund lo bring (urward at thc prcscnt scssion. Ia.
hide to an amendmeiit ol the Conslilution, so Ihat
, "ho clcction of Prcsident and Vico Prcsident of tho
Itmt..H f3iniu mnv. in ihi evcnf. evcr dcvolvtt n
, lion of Ihose cisht years.dunng which Gcn. Jack-
ron ,as occiipicd ihe Prcsidcntal Chair. I bclicvo
1 cnch annual inessngc lo Congrrss, during all lliat
iime. lias advcrlcd in slrone nnd somctimcs imnlo.
i1"! appeals to llio Js'alional Legislaluro on this
""A
Jj
suujcci. i hnow uiai ccnuciiien navu iiercioiure
cxcn-rd their ncglect cf theso suggeslions of thc
,,.,.. hv saviuu thal thero was in Iho Senatc
. l.,-...l mu.,il nnn...l In ihcm. nnd llirrfn.n
1 the great itform so much desircd by tho Presidinl
' and his fricnds, must wait until that opposition waa
rnii. i,.i. ir. ivnrii.L'r lcriunaic v or oinerwt.H
mbdued. Sir, whctl.cr fci
Jj,r ihc rcpubhc.I will not
.'a nu" Tc'car
II not f ay, uiu ino lact is, ihat
nraiell fnr. has at lencth arri-
, , n ... r..ji-,ii,.,!n. a;;.
.traiir.n. Now. a'lime 1ms atlengih come. whcn wo
rnav wun connacncc can unon ine iricnus oi uener-
al Jackson lo rcdeem lns and their pledgi-s, so oflr.ii
given on this vital subjrct. I ca l espcciall
' limc for aclion.ind not proraises and postpt
Jackson, aftcr this scssion.wilf boi
. . Jmonish or advuo us. touchine U
ly nt this
ostponcment.
bo no moro
hcre, to admonish or adviso us, touching lliis intcr
csting tubjcct. It has mailo an imposing tigure in
t 'al rcvolulion which has subvertcd all liie inaiirus
cfnoliivand law, whcntoever and howsocvi r llicv
rro oiposcd to II is suggeslions. It has 4iecu a
il....nrt i.i. ul.i. I. linn.ct nalrinta nnd dcsi(.nini ilrm.
,. " , 5
i npnruts navc oweu wiiii cauai bhii ena -nowcr.
Tfh;p A rfor ,a ;im0 lhallli, vijce cnn
tvcr bc hcard in puUio council, in language whicb
ii-.no.iW iim nnd nbidini? toliciiudo. naam besce-
ches you to act. Jltnr whal he says ,n his
I . . 1 .. n 1 . , . 1.
mcfsago lo uongreips. icanv mu cioke,
and
when he is aboul lo b'.d a finat adieu to you and Iho
j . - Pu. U K- cs-
laralion. tlosays, " Ainny experienco anu rcurc
lion confirm ihe conviclion l have sooften cxpressed
to Congress, in favor of an amendnicnl to iho Ccn
stitution which will nrevcnt, iii any cvcnt, tho clec
tmn rf Ptesidcnt and Vicc PicsiJcnl of llie Unitcd
H'alt-s devnlving on the Houso of Itepresentalivcs
and Ihe Senaie; and I ihcriforo bcg lcave again lo
sulicit )our allention lo tho lubject.'1
Is llivrr, Ihvn, any rcason now for not cairyinc
ll is rcccmnicndation into c(rcct,by the party having
ihe puwcr in both lloosc ai.d Senatc lo do so 7
Ncne. I call. then. nnon the "dcmocralic parlv."
a vou of ihe majoriiy somciimcj (as ifin dorisionofl
llio namcj call yourseies, 10 pusipunu mu new ua
periincnt onfmancc; ibiposii of H at once for this
Jrar, bccanse it stands in thc way of a constitution
al rcform, nn which, by joiirowiiadmiiiion.depends
all jour In p- of liberly. Uo lhis,or tako Ihe cou
siiuenceb. Ifyou now refuso lo actnlivn you havo
Ihe nndoiibtcd powcr lo n-dei-m your plodgcs, so
oficn aud solrainly givcn, the I'joplo cf this country
ill btlitio that all your promiscs and professions
wero not Iho prcmplinjs ol'pslriotisin, but lalhcr ihc
Imllow snd eelfisli aitihccs ofa ihallow hjpocr sy
llowever unehariiablo sume cintlcuien miKht dcem
- I. .....l...lA.. .. 1... i.i tnv lllH .rflir.ll 1 ll ll'nill.l hll
I . , , , ..l... . ..f
I, IIH'.I II.ISUIIUUIU 111.. jn.. " w..- . v.
nu otl.cr exiilanalinn. ifwc ci nsumo tho limo allow
td u in discussing ihe diireiciico bclwcen Iwo sys
tinis r.l'rncnue, and pass by unnoliccd anothcr sub
jecl which, by our own decfatalions rcpcatcd in cv
erv form tuuche our cxistince as a free Pinple,
"Sir, Irnighl hcre contcnl mytelf with thus ex
prcssmg my c.bjction to llie iiitroJucrwn of this
iiill, ai ihis timc.by thu comniitlcoof which I am a
..irmhiT. I havu ci.dratored lo satisfy tho House
that tho necenary bills, without Ihe passage of
which ihe Qovcrnment cannot execme its ordinary
dutifs duiing llic jcar, nn. occupy us ihe cnlirorc
maindcr of iho sessioni and ifwo sliould possiblv
have any time not thus ncccssarily cmployed, that
ihem nre olher maittrs of hiah and paramount na-
licnal iniporlauce, which sliould lake preccdrncu cf
tlus. nul incro is anoincr opjtcuou ivsung im
grcat weight on my miud, which I cannol furbrar lu
press upon the alleniion of gtnllcmcn btfuro I lako
my bcat. I alludo In the compromiso aci, as it is
familiarly called, ofManh, 1833. Ifl am rfsht iu
my conccptions of llio Irue churacter ofUi.it laiv, wu
aro not only forldden to lcgislatc in iho way nnw
iroiioaednlthis liiup. but lliixl we cannol sn lceislate
until afier llio 30ih of Juuc, 1842, without suth sa-
citfice of lionor aud Implird luiui as uouia nKO e
bandillilush.
I .hutl nnt npnlend thst ComrresS has not llie VW-
tr le aiter eisentislly or, if U will, abo'ish thc law
NO. 20....WI1OLB NO. 1581.
fiiiiiR IIih ratcs of dutles on a sctlc of graduil r J.
diiction from 1833 up to 1612 ; Vul I drny the right
of Gongrcss to do o, unlcss impelled hy some diru
noccsiiy,over which it can excrl no control. War,
uuii ereaicsi ci an ino tus iuai can oeiau a wcii.gov
cmed I'coplu, miglit prcscnt a cnsc of sucli ncces
city. No sucn nccessily is prolrnded. No gcii
llcman hrrs will lisk his charbctcr for canily, by ri
sing in his plico and declaring that, williout a law
like that on your talile, Ihe libcrlics or liappiness
of thc Peoplo aro in danger. No man, lierc or elso
wherc, can nrctend that thu compromiso act of iho
Sd of Alarcli, 1&J3. conlains any principlo which
rncnaces Iho general welfare oflne country, or that
its opcralion and elTecU threalcn our national pron
pcriiy with immincnt danger. On Ihe contrary, sir,
the ecliocs nf Ihat general notoof acclaim, which ro
verbcrated from ono extremity of iho Uinon lo llio
Olher, al tho passago of ihat law, aro at this mo
mcnt scarcely silenced. Our circumslanccs aro not
cliangcd siirco tho passage of thal law, in any wav
connected wilh its provisions or policy. llenco 1
infrr that, as lliat law, in ils tcrms, fixes the tneas.
ure ofprotcction which shall be vxtended lo donict
tic manufacturcs up to the year 1643, and as it wa
considercd in tho fight of an arrangemonl, pprmi
ncnt up lo that limc, by thc Congress who cnaclcd
il ; and, furlhcr, as it tvas so rcgarded by bolh tha
friends and foes of tho prolcclivo syatem, all over
Ihe country, and as thoso enagcd in manufactiirinr,
shaped thcir builness,and disposcd Ihcir capilal, i:i
conf'ormily to ihis general opinion, although you
have tho ooitfr, you havo no right now lo annul
your understood cngagcment, whcn.by so doing, a
capitul and labor so creat us tonrnducn n.'.Dmill.nin
a j car, which havo heen invcsled under the faith
&us iiledgtd, inutl be at oncedestroytd. Bv uller
ing essontially as you propose to do, tlwact of 1833,
you brinBU;n Ihis Ubor and canital what is oniiil
l to dcstructinn ; you sever thcm by violcnco ireiii
liivir irri;iu uusuiess tuniiuxions, anu icavc tnem
to the mcrcy of accident for future occupation. I
bcg gcntlenii'n ki lurn to llio law of 183J, and sco
how all iho fcalures of a c.ompact anil permanciu
cngagcmcnl aro carefully impressed upsmt. '
The first siction, laking iii Iho prutrclcd articlct
or sucli as piid a duty aboo twcniy pcr ccntiim aJ
vaiorcm, siiujccts incm 10 a scaio ol gradual reruc-
Iton from IB'si, until all aro brought down to a duty
of twcnty per centuin ad valorem in 1842. Why
were the sevoral pcriodical rcductions adjustcd so
careful y llirough penod cJ nino ycais, if thc law
was nol cxpcclcd to conlinue m forco for that lengih
oftinie7 I.ctony gcntlcman rcllecl on tho historv
of ihat law for a inoment, and he ran havciiafiirihnV
difiiculty in finding tho principlcs of a perinaneiit
comproinisc in it. Two grcat parliis, as e all
knuw.cxisted in tho countiv. Tlioo ivfri knnwnhv
South-western srciions of ihe Uiuon, dcmanded an
aDanucnmcni 01 ine proiccnve pnnciple, aud a re
diiction of duties lo a revcnuostajidard aluno. Thcy
allegd that as they weie conMimcr.", nnd uitprodu
cers of thoso articlcs which were prolccled by law,
thty paid lo ihe produccr (in llie prolective duty)
bounty upon his laboi, and insistcd on llio injiisnc
of Ihus laxing the planting Slatcs for llio bcnefil of
the Noithern manufactunng Slatcs. Sucli was the
argumont ou ono side, whcther corrcct or not I tliull
not hcre pausc lo considcr. On thcolher side, llioso
fiicndly to tho protcctive systcm allcged lliat tho
policy of proteclion was begun early in Ihc Imlorv
of ihu Uovcrnment; that cspccially sinro I8IC k
had bccn pursucd wuh socli vigor and constancy, ni
not only to invilo capilal, but aclually toimpel il in
to the busines of domcstic raaiiufactnro. Thcv in.
sutcd, and with the most obvious rcason, that to
withdraw suddenly thal proticlion would resiilt iu
ruin to Ihe capilahsts, and wide-spread misiry to
tho laboring olasses. Thcy proposcd a syslcm of
gradual rcduclion of dulics, which would givo timu
lur tho acquisiiion ofbkill, so as to enable them t
opcrate with lltlle or no prntection, or, at the worst,
(iftinio were givcn,) a gradual and comparalively
harmlesswilhdrawalof ihcir capilal and labor from
manufacturing pursints, could bo tirtctcd. To lliis
proposilion the South acccded, and ils siibslance
will bn found embodied in tho law of 1633. Tl.ui
gradual rcduclion, cxtcnding through a scries ol'
years lo 1842, saved thc manufacturer, whilo tho
prospective rcduclion ofduiies onall proteoted arti
clcs lo one standard salisfied tho principlcs contcii.
deilforbythe South. When this was sctlled, to
make itbinding and irrcvocablc lill 1842, thepaitics
inserted in the third scction of iho bill Ihcir solcran
declaration to that clfect. Theseclion nferred m
read.i as follows : " And it furtlur tnacttd, That
until tho thirticth day ofJnne, or.e thousand eight
hundrcd and rorty-lwu,tho dulics imposed by cxist
ing laws as modilicd by this act iha!t remain and
cominui' to be collectcd.'' Could your language
furnisti words moro cuiphatically cxprcssivo of
declaration by Congress that no'cbange was to bu
made in this branch (4 your rcvcnue sstem lill
June, 1842? Did juil thin cxpcct your "Pcoplo lo
placo no rchince on what you thus colcmnly pro
claimcd as your dcleiminalion7 No: you didmil
cxpcct iho Amcrican l'eoplo to trcat you as hollow
hcartcd knavcs aticmpting to iniposc on Iheir crcdu
lity. The solo objoct of prbclaimini! lo ihem llio
unallcrable characler of thu law ofl833 was lo qui
et the fcarful agitation that llicn cvery wherc prc
tai'ed, aud g'no slabilily to ihat uiicrcst tho man
ufactunnj intcrcsr, which was most to bj ailcctcd
by your acts. What, sir, worc tho happy, llie tlo
rious ctTects of that cmnpromisc ? The day bcfuro
that law rcceived llie I'residciu's approval was over.
casi with tho gathering tloud of cnil war, decpcn.
ng, spreading, and blackcnin; cvcry hour. Tho
cruund on which we stood sccmcd lo heave and
quako with the first ihrncs of a convulsion, that was
to rend in fragmcnts thu last Kcpublic on carlh j at
this fcarful momcnt an ovcrruhng I'rovidtnco xi
vcaled tho instrumcnt of ita wilUn the ppjwin of
one man, whoso virtues would have illustratcd tho
brighlcst aunals of recorded time. Ho produccd
this great measuro of concord, and tho succeedin
morning davmcdiipon Iho Amcrican horizon without
aspot; the sun oflhnt day lookcd down, and bo.
hdd us a Iraniuil and unitcd People.
Are we prepaicd now to brcak Ihe bonds of peace
and rcnew ihc war 7 I havo said you have tho
puucrtodu so, bul 1 dcny your right. I do oot
measore thal right by a standard of law in a mini
cipal couil, I cannot conceive any idca moro ridic
ulous llian that which fmds no standard of moral
or poluical dulics and nghts for a chrislian, aprw
vale gentlenian or a statennan, exccpl ihat which
is applicablo to a contest before a jiilice'sourl,or
a uiu priui jury, No, sir, I appcal to a law in Ihe
bosoui f man, prior and parainounl to th s. I up.
ucal to tho South, wherc I know lliat voico will bn
nLcyeu, auu wneru i Know l uo not appcal iu rain.
l invoke its characterislic cliimtry. I call for lliat
scntiincnt I manly pitde which is its iiir'iiiiiig. t
sunimon to my aid that scnsiiive honor which fccls
'a stsin liko a wound," v.hich nbhors dcccption and
shudlers al violutcd f.nlli ? Will ihat tsouth,
which I am sure l havo Iruly describcd, join in Ihis
odious infraction cf its onn trcalv, and iinito m thu
miserable war upnn ihc. laboruig thousands who
Imvo coiifidcd iu its securitics a war not wagtd
with open forco and strong hand a war not waucd
lo avenge insulled linuor, but to rccover the ditl'cr
cnce bctween fiv and tcn ccnt duty upon a yard of
culinn goodi'f Your approacK lo this batlle is nol
heraldud by tho triimpei's voico ! n, you are tj
tako the prnpord bill, and go on marauding ex
pedilion hy way cf icpnsil. Vou arc to stoaf into
dwellings of Ihe poor and boldly caplure a mechan
ic's diniicr ! Vou are to uiarr.h into Ihe coitago of
Ihe widow,and fearlrsslv cuiif'uualo ihe bruakfest of
a factory g'rl, for thu benefit of the plantlne and
grain-giowing 3lates of this nughty rsnublicl
Sucharetho motivcs of tlus war and sucli are to
bo thc troplncs of its victnne. How little do they
who havu preirntrd sucli argnnients us thoss, In
tlus re porl, know of tho characler of ihe South
aud Wet ! They vainly imagme lliat lk high.
mindcd sons of llie Bouih havo drunk of lliefatal
rup of llio aorcvrcss, anJ hko the companions of
UI)ssos,
H.ost their upiight shape,
And downward fell into the grovelUn swinc."
TliBPii'it ain.erou lns stifes cf the west are
ndonnvd lu tlus report, lliat they mav reclaiin a part
See lail page.