Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume], November 29, 1849, Image 2

About Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883

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VERMONT WATCHMAN & STATE JOURNAL, NOVEMBER 29, 1849.
iDntcljmnn & State journal.
K. V. WALTON, Jit., EDITOR.
TlutiMlny, Nov. HO, I8i1.
Dolcjratca to the Constitutional
Convention.
fC7" Wo do not specily ilic politic of tho del
Cgntcs, for llio reason (hat onl.v a part nro desig
nated in our returns i but wo auu, mat unques
tionably n majority of die Convention aro Locos.
Right: iho whigs proposed llio amendments J let
the Locos now take tlicli share of tlio rcsponsi-
bll"y' ADDISON COUNTY.
Fcrrisburgh, Nicholas Guindon.
Middlcbury, Ozlas Seymour.
Now Haven, Elios Bottom.
Panton, Silas Pond.
Waltliam, Rollin Everts.
BENNINGTON COUNTY.
Bennington, Tlmmas McDanlels.
Dnreot, Gcorgo B. Holly.
Manchester, Leonard Sargent.
Pownol, Wm. H. Blanchard.
Shaftsbury, Samuel Ames.
Woodfurd, Alonzo Fox.
CALEDONIA COUNTY.
Darnel; Franklin J. Eastman
Burke, Beldun.
Cabot, J. D. Putnam.
Danville, Wm. A. Palmer; 130 votes cast.
Lyndon, Thomas Bartle'.L
Pcacham, James Clark.
at. JoiinsDiiry, (jan.'nor Wheeler; a very
sinnll vote.
Wolden, Daniel Woosler.
CHITTENDEN COUNTY.
Burlington, John N. Ponicroy; IC8 votes cast.
Chailotte, Joel S. Bingham.
Cnlchesti'r, llezel.iah II. Hates.
Essex, Jesse Cirpontcr.
J.Iintsburgli, Elmer Becchcr.
Milton, II. Adams.
Richmond, E. I). Green.
Jericho, J. J. Benrdslcy.
Shelburne, Garad Biirritt.
St. Gcurgc, Reuben Lockwood.
WilliBton, Eli Branson.
LAMOILLE COUNTY.
Stowc, O. V. Butler.
ORANGE COUNTY.
Chelsea, Levi B. Vilas, by ono mnjority, and
that voto disputed.
Williatnstown, William S. Beckct.
FRANKLIN COUNTY.
Bakcreficld, W. C. Wilson.
Fuirfsx, A. J. Gove.
Fairfield, II. Birlow.
Franklin, Clias. Felton.
Gcorgii, A. Sabin.
Ilighgnte, B. Peake.
St. Albans, L. B. Hunt.
Swanlon, I. B. Rowdish.
ORLEANS COUNTY.
Brownington, John F. Skinner.
Coventry, Isaac P.irker.
Deiby, J. L. Edwards.
Irtiiburgh, Thomas Jnmeson.
RUTLAND COUNTY.
Brandon, J. W. Halo.
Custleton, A. Wurncr.
Clarendon, Thomas Siowart.
Danby, G. I. Locke.
Fairhaven, A. Gruvt s. ,
Ilubbardtnn, C. S. Rumscy.
Ira, L. Fish.
Mendnn, J. Wlieelor.
Middlelown. J. Chirk.
Mt. Tabor, B. B. Britton.
Puwlot, R. II. Smith.
PitUford, G. F. Ilendco.
Rutland, Robert Pierpnnt; 09 votes east and
Mr. P. declared nlncted by one majority. Onu
vote was contested, hut admitted and subse
quently another meeting was organized, 59 votes
east, and M. G. Everts was declared elected.
Shcrburn, Johnson.
Shrewsbury, Win. Mathewson.
Wallingford, Harvey Button.
Wel!s,,A. Grovor.
WASHINGTON COUNTY.
Birrc, John E. Palmer.
Berlin, J. Hill.
Calais, Nelson A. Chaao,
Duxbury, A. E. Graves.
East Montpolier, llazen Lyford.
Middlesex, Oliver A. Chatnberlin.
Mnntpelior, Jeremiah T. Marston.
Morctown, Roger G. Bulkley.
Marshfield, Jona, Goodwin.
Northfield, Moais Robinson.
Plainfield, Nathaniel Slicrman.
Rnxbtiry, Tlmmas R. Shaw.
Waitefield, Benj. Reed.
Waterbury, Eliukitn Allen.
Worcester, Allon L. Vnil.
WINDHAM COUNTY.
Brattlcboro', Cnlvin Townslcy ; 97 votes cast.
Dtimtnerston Asa Dutton.
Guilford, John Lyndc.
Halifax, Timothy Larabco.
Londonderry, Sem Pierce.
Marlboro', Phinehas Mather.
Newfane, Chas. K. Field.
Putney, Win. Houghton.
Rockingham, Jeremiah Uarton.
Wardsboro", Henry Rice, Jr.
Westminister, David Gotham.
Whitingham, Eli F. Ilallnu.
WINDSOR COUNTY..
Barnard, Daniel Aiken,
Bridgewater, Ovid Thompson.
Hartford, John L. Lnverin.
Hurlland, Eben M. Stocker ( 8 votes cast
Ludlow, Alexander Barton.
Pomftet, Alonzo Chninberlin.
Royaltun, John S. Marcy.
Sharon, Warren C. French.
Weathersfiold, William M. Pinery.
Vindtor, Carlos Cuulidgo; 53 votes cast.
Woodstock, Norman Williams.
" Putting their Foot in It."
Wo have heard a Iccofoco boast (perhaps it
could be traced to the Patriot office) that the
"Long Team" had secured the adoption of tho
amendments to tho Constitution, as to county
officers. That was tho very thing which some
of tho whigs of tho Legislature had in view,
when going fur "tho team."
C7" Tho Patriot is mightily rejoiced to see
Its brethren elected to tho Convention, like chil
dren " Ploiud with t'rittte, .rut tickled with a ilitw."
Probably less than one fourth of the people vo
ted at all. On u skeleton vote Iiko that, and a
general disputation 0f the whigs not lo make
this a party contest, tho Patriot seems disposed
to claim u triumph. Take It, Msjor, and enjoy
it whilo you may. The othor thieo fourths ol
the pcoplo will be out in September next, and
once inoro teach you the folly of crowing over
'ho vi hlgs of Vermont.
Annexation of Canada.
It is a remarkable fact that tho party In Ver
mont which makes tho loudest professions for
free toil, entirely forgot to allude, in the resolu
tions of its laut Stnto convention, to the greatest
frre soil movtmtnl of the ( to the nnncxntlon
of Canada to Ilia Union 1 It was left lor the
whig convention to invito the attention of Vor
montcrs to this question, ns they did by a resold
tion friendly to peaceable nnncxation, which was
unanimously adopted by tho convention, and
subsequently a liko resolution was unanimously
adopted by tho legislature also. Tho question
is receiving attention on both sides of tho At
lantic, and for the information uf our leaders no
givo tho nnnexnd comments from ono of the
leading, presses of London:
ENGLISH VIEWS OF CANADI
AN ANNEXATION.
Tho following two articles from the London
Times of Oct. 31, and Nov. 2, nro important, ns
showing ilie sentiments likely in ho rnicitnincd
by a great portion of the British public, on thu
subject of n secession of the Colonies fromjheir
connexion with Great Britain
"The nows from Canada is deeply intoresllnr-
rslher than painfully alarming, 'Thoso who ex-
nil I It nl'Ortf rlmf.l1l.MI1IA.lt .f ...In....,! .ill)!....).
I-" ... ..-V. UVIUIW'IIIVIII -JM VIIIIIIIIIJI 1111111.1(11110
and every fiesh cause of vexation tollio Coloni-
al-Umce will be delighted by the record of a
tnoveincnt which, to less Iios'ile iiiinds. must sim
ply mutter for grave reflection and philosophical
investigation.
Tho movement to which we refer is one that
tends to the dissolution rattier ih.into tho disiun
Hon ol the British Colon! il Empire in North A-
tnerica. It is iiPilhcr ittpired by vindlciivencss
nor fraught with violence. It is .cirncst in its
tony, but its earnestness partakes of tho charac
ter oi uciioerutivuneas ; it reasons, even though
it may reason wrongly, and proceed Irom incor
rect premUea to urttmeoiis deduction.-'. It la on
ihis account thai llio Montreal uddrcss is entitled
iu u pattern, auu no were aininsl .laying a ret
pcctlol attention nt our In ml. It buuthes no
huetility against the British crown und people;
on me contrary, it euipiialiculiy records llio cor
iliul and kindly luelings of thu Canadian people
to both ; it makes no vehement nrulostnttiins nt
olfaction fnrn democratic lor.n ol Government:
i. . . . . . t .. . .
out Himpiy lests un prdlorcucu ol republican in
suiuuous upon local und peculiar cunilitiuns ; II
iidviaei epir.ition trout Kngluud, an it siiggoitr
annexuliuii to tlm United StAlen.lriiiii the motives
oy miiicIi coiiimuinties, nut !& thin individual
are lio.elled muiuis ot tell interest und sell-
uilvunceuicnt.
TIimiu was a time when so singular a dncn
mem as this would h.ivu exposed Iih nuihors lo
iui iiniw in inii ir asou, mill llio colony in
which it .wbfl broached lo tho cnLumiies of civil
wrr; when every Eiigli-.hinr.ii would h.wo boiled
"mi luuiynuuin nt llio presumpiion winch com
plained ul English dominion, and til thu loineri
i) which piopoacd to cairy tho iircsuinnlion ot
hi
UJgu nuu uctioii. Hut those days hive
pai-neil away. havo been t iiiuht windmu hv
experience; and llio most vain iblu us null us tho
most cosily of orr lceuiis has been laiight by
the b.irien suu of u orccmttdlu conlliet will, u
provii.ee, which lioni lemonstranco proceeded lo
rebellion, und crowned robelliun with indepenc
unci. Wu (.hould nnt go n -,ir for llio meiil.;
honor of inaiiilaining n roluclani colony in gnl-
"'S "jeuuuii no 81IOUIU not pilrclLIMj ail 011
wiliing ubedieucu by un outlay ot treasure or ot
blood, ll, indeed, with e.1,1,1111,,1 dependence or
independei.ee, theru weru Indis-nluoly bound up
ineirupolimn prosperity or decny; it it were ml
etuhly clear tlul the pieeorvalioti of colonial em
pire wuuid enaure thu prosorvntinn of inelropo
titan grcatuchs, and thut tho latter would wane
with thu exliiictioii ot the former then such
r-Ug"l8tions us tlio Montroal Addrcm enntmntt.
would lind no pluco in llie difcuesions, no t-ym-
luui in uiu leuiiugs, 01 people in KngLiiiJ,..
They would one and all iJtntity llietr own iulur-
csis unu prosperity wnu tliat which their lore
t'atliurs were couient to regard lor nod by itsell
viz. mo supremacy o LnlHh power. Bui thu
diU'erenco between them and their foiefnth'ers is.
tu.it tliey will count and ponder on that muro vol
g.ir balance ut prolit and lo.s nlnch w.13 lorgol
t n by thu gcneruitou which hailed tho com
uiencumenl und lamented tho conclusion of the
great American war. Is thu retention of Cana
da profitable, will its loss he hurtful, to England?
is tlio quootiun which Englishmen of ihu present
day will put lo themselves, as the converse ol
Ihu question is ih it which Canadians arealready
diecutaiiigun llietr mile.
It iuuL be admitted that tholaltrr have gtiev
ancis, tliough not ullequally opprckKiva nor ull
of the same ony 111. 'I hey have been plained
and thriven under protective laws. Those law
uru nowubrogutcd ; and abrogated as the peo
ple ol Canada have beuao to .jcu wnh )ut a
chance ol to-eiidctmenl. So far lliev suff-T in
coniiiion with all our colonies, thu ttfacls ol" u
bad and obtolete colonial sv.lein. Tlio change,
huwever, is mado. Tlio 'cohiniits know lli.it
what has been done will not bo undone, and that
the grain ciops of Western Canada mut com
petu in the markets of Eucland with tho gr.un
crops of tho United Stales, ol Poland, and of the
whole world. They are Miflering Irom tho re
vulsion. It has uruck nt their enterprise, their
capital, and tlioir energies. They sjy that liny
have lostull the advantages, while they Mill sut
ler Ilia burdens ot colonists. Again, they com
plain of that which is to them a grievance In
common with uil other colonies. They uro no
bodies j they have no Malum, weight or influ
ence in Imperial councils .mil Imperial dignities.
They aru piovinciiils, and provincials ol a" coun
try which is but Intlu known and le.ss apprecia
ted iu Great Britain. Their senators hava no
voice, Iheir xlalesmen no name in tho Purlin
mem and politics ol England, Their delibera
tions, their deimtes, uud iheir divisions aro uu
linoiin be) und tlio limits of a eemi-populated
province; or, if known, known only lo no coer
ced by thu poner or ridiculed by the sneers of
otrictals ut home. Again, they complain Ihat,
wlnlo on tho oilier side of tho American border
every sign of meicauiilo prosperity, and every
indication of natural enterprise luamfpat thorn-
selves, on llieir stdo all is puveity, stagnation,
und iiierlnens; on thu lormer intiuiuuratilu ruil
roads letseluto'u country teeming with abundant
haiVesls and busy with a thous.ind nulls, wlnlo
on their fiide th uionliiy of un iinulled soil is no
less ilisliimrluuinar lliau Ihu laziness of inactive
hands or Ihu want of capital lo employ fieui.
Of these three grievances tho two former are
real, the lattur is only imaginary ; and of tho.e
which aro real, the tirsl is only temporary. The
prosperity winch was forced by protection will
revive, biowly indeed but suioly, under tho lulhi
unco ot competition.
Tho energy and industry which havo nmdo
tlio United States prosperous might have tnuile
Canada no less prospeious; the British Consli
lulioi. has not checked them; iheColunial-oUice
has not sillied ltie.it. The English capital which
fluwed to readily into tin) thankless treasuries o:
Indiana rind Pennsylvania would hivn gushed
into llio coders uf the Canadian merchants and
irrigated thu barrenness of Canadian fields, had
it not been lor reasons lor which none but Cana
dians are answerable. Tnni this complaint, loo.
is overcharged, we inter from (he tenor uf ihe
whole evidence given by Canadian proprietor,
of high character beloro Lord Alomeaglu's com
mittee un emigration. Canada hag grunu in
prosperity, and cunsideriug the very late period
of her colonization und her largo elements ul
the poorest Irish colonists has grown beyond
thu hopes ot her most sangutnu well-wishers
within u very brief period ol litno. Whut is
wanting to incieasu this is English capital thu
eamo capital which bus multiplied thu wealth of
tho neighboring Stales; but which it would be
absurd to suppose can only bo introduced into
her when she has ceased to bo uu English pos
session. Tho other complaint is onu which it is
easier to derldo than to utsuage. Her colonists
as such unjoy only tho distant and reflected
splendors of imperial power ami inujosiy, Wo
havo in tins, as in oilier imtunces, lorgutt-n the
generous butproloiiud policy of undent Koine,
and have curtailed ho privileges of thoso re
mote subjects, whose loyalty and whose courage
arc tho fuitlieruiosl pillars on which rests liter
glories of llio British I'lirone. To remedy this,
would requnu considerable alterations, nut only
in the sysiu.n ot uur representative institution,
but alio in the laws of time, space, and locomo
tion. A proposal to chant. o the one may bo
considered nearly os Utopian as a plan (or rcvi
sing tho other.
On the whole, thon, tho nucslion resolves l
self Into this. Would Canada belter herself,
without hurlinir Enghind, by annexation to the
United States? Could wc give up to a rival
and aggressive Republic a province ns vastus
r lance, wiuiout periling uur power iitnl iln.ua.
glng our pronority ? Could wo civil un Cnn:i
da Million'. iifFruutiuir the bravo loyalists of No
va Scotia, ninl loing tho most valuable harbors
on tlio globlc? If Canada ceases to be British,
iniKl Nova Scotia, Nuw Brunswick, and Princo
Edwnrd's Island ceaso In bo British also? Or
is there no lutenncdiite cottrso which bIiouIiI rn
euro to tin.1 documented colony independence
without forcing her into rivalry or hostility ? It
it impostible to devise such a Government
whether Royal, tmpcrnl, or Republican ns, by
consolidating tlio th'eo North American nroviif
cos, would erect n hugo breakwater between us
and our nearest but most formidable rival? All
Ihesc aru questions of moment rind iinportnneo;
but theru is ono quest on which lakps precedence
even of thesoi How fur nro the sentiments con
tained in the Montreal Address uencral and nop
ular in Conadi ? How lur are ihey merely thu
expressions ol a party spirit r Uow tar Oniia
dtan? This it is not only useful but needful lo
ntcertain. To take ono single btep without
knowing ihis I'oold bo to plunge deliberately
into darkness and d-llinultv. Frantic ns It was
to wiigo a desultory and sanguinary war against
the unanimous opinion of thirteen provinces, it
would bo latuous to fling nw.ly one great prov
ince in blind submission lo tho misunderstood
dictates of an over aleil f.irtiuosncss. Mean,
while ore this question bo solved let us con
grutulatu ourselves on tho reflection that tho doc
uiueiil which wc have quoted proves that tho po
litical training which England gives In her colo
nists is ono which need neither make thuiti asha
uieu ol her, nor her of them ; and that ihe hi tore
which awuits men thus truinud can never be ob
scure nor dishonorable.
l'toni llio London Times of .Vor. 2J.
When wo ..onsidcr tho oddrtm published by
ihe oltizoiMof Montreal on the subji-cl ol annex
nllon, wo neribu lo it tho importunco which be
longs lo a document omaiinliug from a great cili
iilld expressing the opinions predominant iu it
largo community. But it may bo salcty doubted
whether wo h.ivo not uccrtbed too much luipuil
aiico to il. We retract nothing that wo mid on
the tone, tho temper, anil Ihu gravny of the doc
ument. 11 whomsoever it was proposed, by
whomsoever concocted, it reflects gre.it eiodit on
the skill, tact, and adroitness of its authors.
But it seems tu us douhtrul whether It correctly
i xpn uses the sentinu u'a of thu u iijoiily of the
iMonlreal pitpulaii in, mid il is quilu clear thai,
evtn il it dies express litem, the pieseitt posi
tion und col ilittoii of that city would not wurrai.t
us iu measuring by the stuto of us own. the gen
eral htutc o Canadian parlies and politics.
Montreal has been fur many years disliunuMi
ed for lis luihuleiii'c and factiousness. It is pro
posed to ttuiHler Ihe s.'itl of (joverumeut to some
other city. This proposal, if persisted in, must
diminish its importance, and for n certain tune,
damage Its interests. Under these cireu uslaii
rcs, what u under is theru thai thu citizen id
Montreal shool 1 exhibit discontent, uud indulge
in Ihu language of disiitVeciioiir1 Surely, Ihe
wonder rather is that llio discontent should have
been so measured ut its terms, nut! eu luuicrute
ill its lours.
But, apart from Mentreol, it scent? almot bo
J o ml the pn-sibility of doubt, that thu limdenej
lo nniicxaiioii ins not spread far thio.ihuiii the
province of Untied Canada. Tne ivl.ienco ol
Ihis is htrtkini' and iilumst universal. The Gov
ernor has, id his recent lour, been received itli
enthusiasm iu scleral, with respect uud cordiali
ty in nlmost nil places. Wo hcliiio Ihat tho
inen ho nro now loudest in their cues for an
nexation woulu be ti.o-t reluctant to realize their
own menices. With tho exception of ono or
two who might become distinguished statesmen
of tho great United American. Republic, l lie
majority of Ihe annexationists would really bo
les considerable petsonages us American citi
zens than Ihey are as British subjects.
But if under Ihu prissore ot temporary nd
versny, or fiout un undue estimate ot the bene
fits of Republican iusti'utious thu Cauauitii
people deliberately proposu to exchange the
fret si polity that any eulony over enjoyed, for
thu ambiguous honor of limning a small pun ol
on uitiiieidly Coiitt deration, then let them under
stand that the conduct of the people of England
will bo directed by motives of prudence and in
terest alone. If they think thai Ihey can do
without Canada, then", und then only, will ihoy
give up Canada. Bui in surrendering Cauadi,
they will i.tko care not to Hurrentler one jot ol
sea or land, the possiB-iuii of which really and
eflutively concerns llio niaritime and couimrr
Clal tiupnrlaticuof Great Britain. They will not
cede Nova Scotia; they "ill not cede Capt Uru
ton; ihey will not cede lh.it seabotrd und lhoe
harbois which must ever command Ihu mouths
of the St. Liwrouee and protect ihe trade of the
Atlantic. In partieg lioin England, Canada wi,l
hue the name ut u dependent province, lo be
brought inure nearly within view of tho force
whtcli might have perpetuated her dependence;
in losing her hold of Canada, Et'L'land will take
euro lo lusoonly the respotibibil. lies and expense
of her reteiriou. Uiu wo appiuheud that ihe
destined fuitunes ul Canada and the ih-p sit ion
cf her people uiaKo ull buch uiiliciputlui.s uu
tlicsu whully bupeifliious.
0!? A first rate route fur a road from Mont
pelier to Hardwick &. on to Black River Valley,
has been found through Worcester, Calais ami
W oodbury ; but Calais refuses to lay tho road.
Where iheie is a will thoro is a way: In those
in interest go-ahead under the plank nou
ciunrEn, which is a good onu oignuize, lake
the land, and ; rado it so as to be used as a com
mon road until ihe superstructure is ready.
Appropns :
LnmolUt County Plunk Itond.'Vhi hnoln
will be opened on the IcHli, ILhli, and t0ih ol
Deeeutber, for subscriptions to the stock $10,
COO of which is required to be taken before
tho company is organized. The notice of thy
Coiuii,isioiters will bo lound iu another column.
This mad will -undoubtedly bo built during the
first part of next summer, and will probably bo
the titst Plank Road built in this Slato. Tho
Charter is uu excellent ono -and taking into
uccoiiut the largo amount of travel that will pass
over lite rotid llio slock cannot fail to bo in
great demand. The Cotnuiissioneru are men uf
untiring energy and perseverance, ami the
Plank Road Iroiii Wttterbory tu IIydep.uk will
be built within ten months, at longest, in uur
hutublo opinion. IVatabury Mountuititcr.
New York Politico.
Tho lalu election proved very nearly a draw
game. The Statu ticket elected is equally di
vided; the Senate is whig by 2 votes; tho IIou.o
loco by 2 votes a tie on joint ballot I Iu the
popular vote for Slato officers, bolh parties are
equal. Tho aggregate vote fur Reiialurs, how
ever, shows nearly live thousand wing majority.
Lust year tho majority of all othor candidates
against Gen. Taylor, was 18,770 proving an
actual whig gain now uf about 20,1)00 votes.
Truly a handsome gain. Why and how has
this happoned ? Wo answor tho mass of the
whig free Boilers aro honest, und have nobly re
fused tu ratify thu corrupt contracts of tho Van
Burens with the doughfaced Locofocos. If you
would sco the spirit of tho whig freo Boilers of
Now York, read ihe tetters or Judge JAr, and
Hun. E. D. Culver which will bo fuund on our
outside pages.
(" Carlos Coolldgo is olected from Windior
having but 41 voles. There, weru 53 votes east.
" Anil-Radical" goes lo tho Convention proba
bly tho uncompromising opponent of all " inno
vation." .Mur. .Soi,
Gov, Coolidgo was not tlio author of tho arti
cle signed " Anti-Radical.
(XT'" Wo havo receivod sundry spicy commu
nication on the Patriot and tho " long team," bin
too lata for this week. They will uppoar horn-ftcr.
) Basis nf nnnrnorinlnllnn
Tho annexed article is worthy of commenda
tion for tho temperate spirit in which it is will,
ten, as well as for llio valuable statistical state
ments which ltconlaln.t
For Yeoman'. Itscoril.
Amendments to tho Constitution.
Mn. Editor: Tho amendments proposed bv
the Council of Censors tu be mado to the Con
stitution of Vermont, mid which delegates uro
to be elected uu the 20lh inst.. lo consider of,
and cngralt upon the Constitution or reject, nro
important, inasmuch ns ihoy miirgest material ul
Inratlons of thu fundamental law of thu St Mo.
Sotuo writer in your piper u few weeks since,
in tho Democratic Column, atlcuip'cd to give a
partiztn arpect to ihu matter, charging upon the
Whigs as a pnriy,the origin nnd support nf thoso
proposed amendments, which wero obnoxious to
him, und withholding from llieui croi'lt fur thuso
uniendmpiita which met his approval.
It seems to mo Ihat the subject is ton impor
tant, loo heavily fraught witn good and evil, to
bo degraded to tho uses nf n faction ; nnd that
those whoso patriotism can riso above the tnoro
temporary buccc.-s of a parly, and ombruco with
in its scope tho enduring interests nf the whole
comlnninvcaWi for all unto to emtio, will bo but
but little Influenced by the suggestion that Ihe
project is a Whiif or a Democratic ono. I im
agine iho Council of Censors, who, I believe aro
all whigs, had but llttlo thought of their party at
tachments when they considoied and proposed
llio amendments to "tho Constitution. In tho
samij spirit of objuration of party, with vnur
leave, I will consider tho first of tho proposed
amentlineiiiH, and, in my view, altogether the
most Important in its bearing upon tho prc.cut,
and the future.
It suirirests a rtntr nnd dilferent hnain from
ill it In y-hich we have. been itecusioiiioil. for llio
appointment ol riyihsentatives in the Legisla
tuto. For each town huvini' less than !i."i(i0 in-
hibitanis, olio Ropio-iontativo; each town hay
ing 25C0iiriliabilanlB, two Representatives; und
lor every 15C0 inhabitants itboio 2,jl)0 iu anv
ono tiiwii, one additional Repiesentulive.
Tim proposition .u9 curried in thu Council of
Ceuors by n inajomy of ono vote. Tho argil
ttient then in its laior, was, ihat llio present sys
tem is iiiirquul, Us basts being territory, not p'p
ulitton ; that wo are becoming a iniinufacltiring,
us well us nit agricultural people; that largo
towns uiu growing up wuh great nnd peculiar
itiietesis, which uiigiit to Lo repro-elltcd, and
winch ought not In bo controlled bv n svHtm so
unequal as thu present ; that the new proposi
tion is iu behall of popular rihts.
It strikes trio that your late cortcsDnndcnt. in
spite of Ins elfort, and" it scutes to niu his timviso
eii.iri, lo idetilily ono party with llio npprov.il o'',
nnd another with hostility to. ihis nrouosttion.
will find present parly lines forcntlcn In the imi
tation cl tho subject, and a new tlomarkalion
tonned, between tlio l.trao nud s'nall towns.
I he tiraiiinent of thuso who favor the iironoslion.
indicates it. They sav ihu nrrsent evstem is on-
i qual. Do they make' it eqoarby their oroposi-
Certainly not. But. they will unswer.it
approximates lo equality. They say their prop
os.tuiu is in beii.ill ol popular rights 1 reler to
'hi, urgiiinunls of Ihe eommitleu who reported
the amendments in llio Council of Censors. By
that they mean that it lends to :t jttsl apportion
ment, und exact equtlizition of representative
numbers in the. Legi-luture to tho whole people.
it .. n . ...t. .
nuva ii etieui wii.ii n preteuus to.' lyerwiuiy not.
I'ht u aiiMimenls tire ulrusible. unit I tliiinl,il-
lacious. Tne present system lends to equality,
and to u jiiat Hpi'urtioiiu.onl, uud exue.'. ttpializi-
not, ul lopresuut.tttve riumhurs; und, 1 tltiiik,
much tnoro than the proposed utucuduiuiil does,
to a jiibt apiioilioiiment und exact equalization
of representative influence und power. '1'hu.ar
gtiinentol those who favor Ihu proposition indi
cates a consciousness of this. Thev Icar to havo
the new und important interests of the large
ton its controlled by a system of representation
so iimqitiil u tj tho present. They viriually de
claro tho interests of tlio larger towns to be ad-
veise lo tno interests uf tlio smaller towns, and
seek by this jiioposttion tu acquire that winch
ihey do not possess, viz : llio balance of power.
il llietr luteSitsts aru adturst1, uud uro destined lo
become more so: il the Wecr towns cuni.ut mn
tide in thu jttalicu of ihu 'small inn ns, for llio
present and tho future, tho very proposition
Sitottld uriko the email towns inulous of llio
rights and pom r they now possess, nud heedful
lesl, in some alumbcriii'' moment. Iheir lueks
bo shorn.
Thu increaso of pnrulalion in the Stale dur
ing llio several decennaries, or periods of ten
years, in which ih. census has been lakun, dat
ing Iroui tho year 1(1)0, has been nearly as tol
Ions. In ttte list decenary. 8'2 nor cent: in iIia
id, 40 percent; in Iha .'Id. '.I per cent: iu the
4tti, 20 per cent ; and in tlio 5th, and I.iri, which
terminate in IHIO, -1 per cent. Too reason of
thu diminution in Ihu last decennary may bo
lound in the i fflux of our pop tlation nl-slwurd.
I'hat reason is in u great u easitro counteract-
ed by the internal improvements made, und in
prospect iu tho olatc; and hencelorth, it is reas
onable to suppose that tho tido of cmiirrutinn
will set iinvurd ralhcr than outwurd. It is known
with certainly tint a prosperous community.
possessing auuituauco ul unoccupied land, will
dtiublu its numbers iu SJ years, without any
aid Iroui emigration; nnd as the scale ascends
in a geometrical ratio, let mo enquiio how 1 ,ng
it win uo under tlio proposed amendments, bo.
lore our House ul Representatives must become
an expensive und unwieldy assemblage? We
knuiv Iroui experience and observation, that llio
larger tho aem'ilagu is, the more responsibnv
u divided, und the more hasty uud improvident
is legislation.
'I liu Huusu of Representatives under Ih? pres
ent system, where all towns aro represented,
coiHtois ol 241 member. Under tho proposed
uii.ondtuesils, if you lake tho census of 1810 usn
basis fur apportionment, thirteen members will
bo uuded to this body, and it is of sotro interest
lor tho people of tlio Northern section uf the
State, lor the inhabit iniH of the smaller towns,
to kuov Iroui wlnt quarter that addition would
come. TlmSuu'hein und Western countus ol
Iteniiinglou, Windham, Windsor, Rutland, Chit
lenJen, Orango and Addison, being tho coun
ties in which the larger towns destined lo havo
" peculiar interests which Ihey f-ur t.i havo con
trolled'1 uro located, would gain 1 1 mumbcrs,
and the Northern counties ot Caledonia ami
Franklin, one member each. But tho basis of
Iho apportionment would be, not llio census of
1840, but thaXiif 1850. Lot us view the subject
iu that relation.
Too csii.,iutcd increase of population in tlio
Siutu within the latdecennary,dating from 1810,
is 25 per cent. On what data this rstiuiutu is
founded I know noi, hut it is madu by learned
men, uud reasons may bo assigned for believing
it correct. Supposing It to ho so, and supposing
thu increase to bo iu the exact rutin ol popula
tion in all the towns in the State, the tiuiii'jer, nf
representatives under tho census of 1850 wilt bo
increased 41, and the relativu gain will bo iu
counties us luliowi: Bunmiigtou,U; Windham,
2; Windsor, 10; Rulluud, tf; Chulunileit, 4;
Orange, 5; Addison, 2; Washington, 4 ; Calu
domu, 2; uud Franklin, U; and Essux, Orleans,
Lamoille and Grand ls.0 will gain none, Tno
Southern and Wisiern Coiiinics thon, whoso in
terests aru destined lo bu " peculiar" und identi
cul, gum 20 members, uud ihu northern counties
gum bul 12. Moreover, fur a lung pern.d uf liiuo
to come, ulior the first uppoitior.iiK'iii, the rela
tive gam uf representatives iu Iho counties con
taining largo ton in, would bu much greater than
iu those counties embracing only a uullor towns,
ev.cn ihuugii the increase of inhabitants in all
ihu tuwus should bu in uu exuel ratio tu Ihu pop
ulation. Tho reason of il is this, by the propos
ed amendments uu small tuwu will bu emillud to
uiuru than onu roprc.uutalivc, until it becomes a
lurgu iiiwn, und embraces within Us limns 2500
inhabitants. Then it will bo entitled to two rep
resentatives, und lor every 1500 incieasu of pop
ulation, to una additional one. II the increase uf
inhabitant bom Ihu exact ratio of populatiun,
in thu iiuiurnl order of iniogs uvuu, thu multipli
cation ol'huiuuit being in a (own ul 2500 iiiliub
llama will be much greater, lu a given time, than
Ilia town of 1U0J inhabitants. Consequently
the lurgu town will acquire in less tuna limn the
s nail tuwn, tho given number of 15110, to enti
tlu it lu ami additional representative, and the
disproportion of tliuo will increase in a geotuel-"
ricul ratio. But thu multiplication of itihubi.
taut beyund tlio natural increase, is aidod vastly
more Hi llio large, than in the siu'uH towns, by
adventitious ciiculnstaticcs, The allurements
wliirh tholurgo towm present Injhowny of liuai-
hops, and plunsurr; tho acquiilion of learning in
tho schools, profession', arts and trades, nil lend
In draw men thither ; and tho cinuiderato mind
...hi , i. ... .
win revuai iu hvuii many niunr princip'es on
which tho greater multiplication nf human be
ings in largo than In sum!! towns depends.
There Is another reason why I think tho pres
ent rystcm tends lo n more joit ond equal dia
Iribiilion of influence In llio Legislature, than
the proposed amendment would do. Tho largo
Imt-ncl utrnfitlti nvml n n t .. fl 1.. il.. I - .1.)..
" . - ' 1 1 uu iiiiiKUiiuij in UIU lillllflia
luro v.ifiil) beyond llioir .nmioricnl ixiwcr, nml
llllu I linn 1 1 1 .. t l. 1.1.1 ' I . t
.iiD inujr iii uitviHs un riifiiHru io J l la
not bccnuKd tlioy Imvq ulwnyn lirnl llio altlont r'p
ri1fGntntivn4.MVfi IvUn llint Imurt m.if ivm,..,1 .
object to attain, they select Iheir strongojt men
toellect it but because of their position nnd
nridmvnierili.- Tltitv li...-n il.n u....lil. ,1... ....a..
and tho commerce, tho intellect and thu learn
ing rn tno Etalo, and the laeililies fur expanding
such endowments, itiiinly within iheir limits.
'I'l.n.rt ... ll ... . . .1 . . i . .
. hbu uiu un Bourses ut power, unu u is nv tne
force or then; that the town of Uuilington, or thu
llio Inwn of Bennington, for example, is able to
exert un influence in the. Legislature iqual to
ihe county of Esiex. What if they Invu not
tho numbers ? If they have llio impulsive pmv.
it by which they can 'control the numbers, ihey
havo to nil intents und purpnios Iho advantage,
and this advantage will bo pc'rmane' l, und con
tinually increasing. Sha'l they havo morn, mid
Ihe facilities for its urciimiilaliou lo the alarming
UXlt'llt Tirnniwi.it 9 'I'M., u ...... ,.r .1 ... .
i t .'in. i uiu iueniious
to be determined by ihu delegates who uro to bu
plinoiin .... it... Om.i. I .
yt IUSI,
The Other IllnOndioeiea nrnno.pit nrnaont tn
tho iniml inipurlatit considerations, hut I Imvn
neither limo nor ronm t.i nniii... 1 1 ..... n,n
strikes inc ihnt ln.l.,r.i tu.. ... h I
, ...... v.i.ib Mb hl'l.dlH VI IIIIJ flllf'ni-
tiun of Ihe fiiiidamuntal law, wo should bo clear
ly saiisneii unit il win Do lor tin) belter; or ul
unv r.ilu llinr it wU n.o l.n f..r il... a
J . uv. .... innsc. l
spirit ol inntiVHlinti , nd desiro for chuiie, is
...I..l I.I I .:. . . ..
-.un.!, ii ..until uu quttu iis sato ittcnecic as
to cncollrnm,. 1 ii'nntil m.i futnitt ..-..r.iii,...
solely because it is new. I would not be for a
ominge, lor llio purposu or trying un experiment
upon the Consliiuiion. I would enquiio if we
huvo succeeded ell enough thus I tr, ami ifso,
I would !cl well enough ulono. I would "prove
all thing, nnd hold last that which is good." I
would not bu like Iho man who was well, wauled
to bo bitter, took phi sic, and tiled.
Our Constitution was lounded by just and wise
men neu of patriotism and forecast; uud fur
iiny.Bix joars wu liavu thriven under ll, with but
VOIV lmuiqferi.il iilli.r.iliMii i.t' iliu ... 1....I..I
7. ... iiM.ijf.un orig
in illy rngtalted, as il It wero a goodly heritaue.
...... uiu.iii.-u uiu iiuiiniaiioii oi tnaiyol tno
wisest met), holr. lit llnmn tirol til.. I'... :. .
. - --- .........u, iui im
just appreciation of human rights; und the great
oiuii.Biiiuii in iyciuuckv, to. tu nuoiii perhaps lew
lllen aro hetlnr nhli. In ,o,l ... ,i- t :..
...... .u ., , ..ii, iiiinio-
lormed, has pronotlncetl it better adapted lu the
preservation oi etvil unit nil i .riling lit... -it. o..,t ..
-t ,. 1,n,.,1 muu.ij, unu n
JtlH eq utlity ot rights, for ihu pn sent nnd the
u.ure, iitun any ol tittj i;onstilniions ol the Unit-
v.i oi, lies, it iiiih no tine, let lis not rnei i I n
Willi ils fraillt! worl rnslitir lint ill. it... .-
Ireedom Itom silfisliness, Iho spirit ot ix.rlted
I'litioiisoi iu iHiicn u was lonned, lit us ex fin
Hie It. and determine if it is -nii,..l i ,,. ,. .
ses und cundttion, tioiv. VERM .MU.N I'.
rrmii tho lJmttVjmo' riicsnix.
Gen. Taylor's views on Slavery.
Col. Jefferson Davis. U. S. .Senator from Mi.
sissippi, is iho sou in-law of (Jen. Taylor, uud n
Democrat. From Ins connexion with Iho fumilv
of (Jen. Taylor, lie may fairly he ptesunn d to
nii'iw soitiPiuiug oi ins opinion-, und l.ein.' tin
ultra pro-slavery man, would of course lejiiic-;
in clui t:ing (Jen. Taylor, if ho had any reason to
uenevo no could tin so in truth, llu goes lor
iiisiiumii lamer man mo vviltnot l'rovisn, uud It
is not lo bo suppokod ho would falsely impute to
his father-in-law opinions hostile to tho South
on tout question. We cull Air. Davis to the
stand as u wjtne's, wbrno interest is aga'nxt ua,
lo thu HCiitlments of (Jen. Tailor. u tin this
Ihat our unit bhticry friends may remnik what
dillercnt colors thy a. mo object lakes hen seen
tlnough thu medium uf opposite in'creslri nnd
prt-jtidices.
Mr. Davis addressed a loiter to .Mr. Haynes,
in uuoi, uu iui: ivtnnoi itjviso, auu Wu Ual
houn protest, in which ho siys:
' Whin purpose can ihoy havo who alviso de
lay, unless il be submission ur disunion ? There
t'laybosomo who "ill ttiiswer Ihat they o.specl
the question to exhaust itsell; others, tnal they
rely on ihu Executive vein. To the latter clusi,
I would say, no dc'L'reo of confidence in ihH
present President will juslily sucli depenJence."
i uu H.-.iuu oenaior ueciureii, in a sji'.ech it hu h
he delivered recently lu a meeting ol the pcoplo
in Mississippi, that ' Con. Taylor was pledged,
iu his decliraiiou nguintl lite use of the veto,
not to imi o-o it upon ihu Wtlinot I'r iviso. aiuI
that ihe South cool I lilacs t.o dtptndcnce won
him on Ihe question."
J ho llirhmond Lnnutrcr, rotc-mmr lo the
spoech of Col, Davis, says :
" Col. Je.lterson IJ ivn denounces ihe admin.
istratioii of (Jen. Tuvlor as ulterlv faithless anil
unworthy ot suppott. The gallant Colonel has
thus domonslrateil, that with htm laintly lies uro
inferior to Ins duty lo his country, ami llutt the
conta.'O nnd patriotism of Brutus art) muled in
him. In view of Ihe social relations hold by
Col. Dans lu Gen. Taylor, these revolalioni are
lu.poitant, and s-liovv how littlo dependence the
Sotilh, in her trials, can huvo in thu President
nml ihu Regency."
( I'urliz ins who persist in denouncing General
Taylor us pro slavery in his views, beeauso il
bein' all iheir slock in trade politically, ihey
wish it tu ho so, vt ill not bu convinced by "this or
any other prool : but u.rn who look solely to the
advance ol Fret; Soil principles, will lindlu these
facts, evidence thai Gen. Taylor, will lailhfully
redeem Ins pledge, to curry out the will uf the
people."
Notice to the Public, and In
structions to Postmasters.
The Califurnia nud Oregon .Mails, via Huvan?,
Chagrcs, uud I'linuma, will be despatched fro.n
Now Vork on iho JUth nf December next, from
Charleston, South Carolina, nud Savannah, O'eor
gia, on tlio Kith; (nun Now Orleans on or
ubuut tho 15th; and from Havana, at which
point the steam packets from Now Voilt ami
that (tout New Orleans l.l connect, tho mail
will depart on llio lUth of December, direct for
Chagres, reaching l'miaum in due time for the
I'acitic ttcuui packet to leave that pott for San
Francisco on the first day of January next.
In January next, soiiii-muuthly service will he
put in operation between New Vork and Cha
gtcs. Ami steam packet will Icaio Iho differ
enl ports, dining tho ensuing jcir, agreeably to
the tiilluiving schedule :
New Vork on the lUlIt and 28th of each
mouth. Charleston und Savannah on the IGtli
and 31st, or first of each mouth; New Orleans
on thu 15th uud UOih ; Havana on thu lOih und
4th; und I'uuama un ihu 1st.
LeavH Havana lor Nuw Vork on thu 10th and
(iih of each uioi.tli, wiili thu puvilego of leaving
on tho 4tli instead of the (Jth, it thu Chagrts mail
bus arrived ; ami also fur Now Orleans un thu
sauiO dales.
The entire postage for a single letter not ex
ceeding half un oonco in weiglu will bo 12 l-2cts
to Havana, 20 cents to Chugres, 30 cent to Pa
nama, lu bo pro paid iu ull cases; and 40 cents
lo Monterey, San Francisco, Astoria, or any
other point in California or Oregon; to bu pre
paid or left unpinl, at ihu option ot tho sender.
Newspaper ami pnnphleis, seu ptxtuge thieo
cents each, uud inland po-ungo lo bu ndded.
J. CULL A. ME It, J.M. G.
I'osl OJfict Dciwtmml, Nov. 15, I till).
T ,.,IU, .,., rnl,n,t,l.r Mr. II. II. IVnol,.
burn has been appointed I'ostuiastcr 111 Ludluw,
in place nf Mr, Charles F. Mason, removed.
Ludluw Star.
The Ccniiu fur 1650. Juhn M. Clayton, Sec
retary of Stale ; Jacob Cull.iuic, 1'osliuuster
General ; and Thomas Ewing, Secielury of the
Homo Doplrtinonl, aro constituted, under lite
Act of the third of March last, tho Board of Con
trol for taking llio Census of 1850.
Tho primary object ol the Census is to ascer
lain tho basts of representation uf llio scvo'u
Stales in Congress ; and secotidury lo litis will
be Iha collection ol'stiilislics of the products and
resources of tho different Stater.
California Constitution.
M. Norton of Bennington, Vt. was second on
tlio Comniitteo for drafting tho Constitution of
California, nnd tho instrument contains substan
tially the 1st, Glli nnd 7th articles of tho dcclara
tion of Rights of Vermont. Tho article on slave
ry ii ai follows!
"Sec. 17. Neither slavery, nor Involuntary
servitude, union for tho punishment of crime,
shall ever bo tolerated in this State."
This question, the California newspaper says,
was settled nnimimously and without debate.
And tho Monterey correspondent of tho Now
York Tribune thin speaks of tho agent sent out
by tho Taylor administration to report upon tlio
population, roiources, and condition of Califor
nia: " Among tho3e who gave this direction to tho
popular feeling, nono labored moro zealously,
or deserves a larger sharo of credit, than Hon. T.
BtiTi.r.n Ki.no."
Now let the coalition organs keep on their ly
ing abii30 of tho administration if they choose
Probably tlio paoplo nro not to bo deceived by it
Hut what will Congress do? Tho courso
of thu Administration, wo think, is evident; and
it is to submit the issue ns prescntnd by the peo
ple of Cilifurtiia. Until now, wo never havo
dnub'ud Ihat Congress, by neatly n unanimous
vole, would admit California on this ground, and
thus put a quietus In agitation in both'exlrcmes
of the country. Wo havo relied on the Freo
Soil professions of Northern Lorofocos to go at
least this length to secure rte soil when it has
so good an opportunity. But Hit Locojoco Free
H.iil organs hue jtyns up TRr.Aciirnv! Tho
Now Vurk Evening I'ost lias already led llio
way, und broken iho ice, by indicating ofier
qutstiona iu iho Ctlifornia constitution, osido
from free soil, on which it intimates that the ad
mission nf Cilifornii may bo tlaved off until after
Ihe close o Gen. Taylor's .Idministration. In
other words, the I'ost wishes to embarrass Gen
era! Taylor's Administration, and 'o keep a bone
of biltei e (intention between the North nntl tho
South, Is this Locofoco Freo Soilistu? Is it
not playing into thn hands of tho Slnioucrutic
Nulliliers? Lit Iho pcoplo watch and sec.
There seems lo be n Southern Sluvocralie. parly
loriuing. Mr. Clir.gman ol Norlh Carolina.
(whig,) hits written a letter lo Senator Foute,
(llio n o't intra of slavucralic lucufocos,) in
which ho scorns reatly to fellowship Foote.
This letter, ho osseris, is approved by Senator
Alangtitn, also n whig. On Iho olhcr hand u
compromise is talked of a compromise which
it is said .Mr. Clay uud Calhoun will agree upn ;
but which seeu.s lo us lo he no compromise;
il jiolds Ihe u7in,'e principle of free soil ond no
northern loin, wltitr or democrat, can support il
wKltout proving n traitor lo the freo soil profes
sions of bolh patties. Unlaw wo tivc a couple
ol articles upon litis tiuhject, ncco upuuiei! by
just comu.ciil from the editor of tho Alb'tny
Evening Journal a whig of whigs, nnd tin older
and much better free soiler than thu man of tho
Post.
Tho reader will observe that tho co nin ses
sion of Congress is at least destined In be inter
esting; und our udvico is lo watch tho politi
cians closely.
Currc.piinjpnce of ths Juurn it i f romntBrsi.
WAsin.torii.N, Nov. J7ih.
I am hippy to learn Ihat thoro is to he a propo
sit ion from a Southern Democratic source, on
iho ti'St thy of llio Session, Ihat will it is believ
ed, settle the Slavery question, so lar as the ad
mission nf Californl i uud other States in tl.t:
newly acquired territories, ii concerned. Tlu
proposition will ho in the form of a lull, and f.o
tier of its tetcniled inlrodnclioa il bu given on
iho lirsl day of tho meciinir of the Senile.
Mr. Calhoun uud .Mr. Clay will both support
tho compromise, i-.a is beltuved by those who have
sumo hnowleilgit of Iheir views. Doubled
In this way, the perils which uro iu.tnniont
will ho avoided.
Tho u.olciulo and rational men aro called to
the rescue of thu country. If thn counsel of
tin; ultra men should prevail, wo should havo
twos'pira'H tiigiu'Zitioiij ut Uu) Hons.', nt ihu
euotitng scs-tun ; tu say nuthing ol oilier difficul
ties.
California cannot oomu into Iho Union with
tho boundaries ut which tho upuears lo aim,
Iho whole, sea coast.
Wasiii.noto.i, Nov. 17.
Sinco writing to you in relulion to ihe matter
of u projected compromise of the territorial and
slavery qne-tion, I have learned tomething ot
Ihe tluiiti.s of tho measure, and thu strcnolh
which il is likely to havo in Ihu henalc. The
schcuiu is well got up, und is to ho urged as an
u.lernilivo lo, pr rather in opposition to, thq
moveuitntrf contemplated by Mr Calhoun, and
other extreme men.
I'hu scheme is based on iho principlo and tlio
lino ol tho Mtssouil Compromise, on tlmsuppo.
suioii that California can bu divided into threo
Stales, or lerrttorns, which will soon be reatly to
assume the relation nf Stales; und on Iho usige
winch has long been acted on. ol prcservim? ti
sort of bahuicu between Iho Slave and Freo
Slates, by adiuil'iiig ul llio satno limo ono Freo
und one Slave Stale.
I'hus Maine and Missouri, as it vvil be rn
meinbered, were admitted ut iho same tune.
I he Bill which will be Introduced in the Sen
ate, will provide, first, for the establishment ot 4
t'-rt itiiriul government, lo u it, that of Now Mexi
co ; 2d, that lor Descrct ; !IJ, for tliat of Califor
nia, north o degrees .10 minutes, and west of
Ucseret ; and -Mi, Hint putt of California, foulh
of degrees .'i0 minutes.
It will also provide lint Iho territory north ot
30 degrees 'M minutes, shall be authorized forth
with to form a Stuto Constitution, nnd shall bo
admitted in o Ihu Union. Also ihat u new Statu
shall bu inhumed Iroui the custom pari ol Texas,
uud south 11(1 degices 30 minutes. Tho hill will
nut Beltloihe boundary between Texas Mid Nuw
Mexico, bul will provide that tlu question bo
submitted tu a Buird of Commissioners.
California will not bu allowed lo lake the
Ocean boundary, which has been proposed in Iter
Contention.,
These territorial questions, mingled with the
slavery agitation, and llio uncertainty as to the
permanence of either of Iho present party or
ganizations, will give an extraordinary interest
lo ihu co ning sussiuu, even al ils vory com
mencement. Themolivo which lays at llio bottom nf this
scheme, nes very palpably to Ils suifuce. It
looks to Ihu simultaneous udmlssion ol a Free
und Si ive Slate, llul to do this a point musi bo
strained. Californii, with a population which
entitles her In admission, cumes with her consll
ttt'.ioii in her hand, und knocks at thu door of
Congress. Slid will bu asked lo walk in. In
her constitution sluvery is foinver prohibited.
This induces the imposition of u southern Sen
ator lo liu'lou thu admission of a Slave Slate.
Tho business of creating suites belongs to
the people of Ihu territory out ol winch they
are to be formed. Congress cannot muko I hem
to order, even though our peculiir institutions
should rtqittru thai kind uf protection. Jllb.
f.'riiiwig' Jour.
The Slavery Question in Georgia.
Resolutions huvo been introduced into the
Legislation of Goorgu on tho subject of Slave
ry. They complain of tho iutcrlercnce of tho
.North iu thu multcr ol Slavery, nnd contend
hut Congress has no constitutional power to
mss la us excluding Slavery from the Territo
ries. Among Iho resolutions presented aro Iho
lollowing :
llesohtd, That in the rvent of tho passage if
the Wiliuot 1'iovuo by Congress, iho abolition
of slavery in tho District if Columbia, or the
continued reltisal on Ihe part ut tho non-slave-Holding
Slates W deliver up fugitive blives, us
provided for by the Constitution, it will become
iho immediate and jmpcralivo duly of lilt) peo
ple uf ihla Statu to meet in convention, tu uku
into cnnsidnrntlnn thn ninilrt nnrt innianm 1
...,.. ,VMSUIV Ul IS-
UrrM,
llrsohed, That tho people of (Jooroia nnlcr
tnln nn ardent feeling of devotion to Iho Union
of thosfl Klntrn. mill tlmt tiMtliln ul.. ..r - ...
sistapco in flic present tyslcin nl enrrotcltinent
opou our rights by tho non Rluvcholilina States,
can induce us to contemplate the poisiointy of
UISSUIOUOII
Tltcto resolutions have not yet boon affirms
lively acted upon, nnd miy not bo. Thcro Is,
however, or, tvident I'elcrminitinn on tho pirt r,
a portion of Ihe prominent men of tho South, to
push their disorganizing purposes to extromca.
Hut what right havo ihey lo do so ? If ihero is
any force in precedents, no question is inure ills
tpicily buttled than " the Coiiititiitlonul power of
Congress lo pi, laws excluding Slavery from
tho territories." It hid iho sonctlou of tlio fra
liters of tho Constitution themselves. It ha re
ceived Iho HidorscuiPM nl'niiimt cvry Presi
dent Iroui Georgn Washington to James K.
Polk. Congicss hrs repeatedly exercised tho
right no-v denied lu it, und the Supremo Judicial
Tribunals of Iho couuliy havo ratified ils action.
Theso reiterated endorsements should set Iho
qtiesiior- at rest. But neither Congressional nor
Judicial .recedetils wi'l bo permitted to havo
their legitimate wrishl with inen who are re
solved to overrule both written nnJ natural liws
to perpetuate and extend an unholy and inhumin
institution.
This question of frcodnn in lerri .ories already
free, can bo neither settled nor ninMioiied bv ni.
ther bluster or threats. It is u oravo nnustton.
which should bo tle'iberalelv considered, and
considered independently of every extraneous
question. The diy hits gone by when the South
can dnvo Iho North Iro n her position. The
reic'ii of " doimh-faces" is pasted. There aro
doobtless a tcmiiant of that class still in public
lile; but ihey are too few in number to be either
courted or feared. When tho question shall
come up in Congress, it will bo acted upon uc-
iiteraioty. it will be neither nlhrtnod nor nega
tived because a few hot-headed men at the South
threaten " dissolution." Thn sentiment of the
North will be calmly but firmly expressed.
Tint sentiment is overwhelmingly in lavor uf tho
" Proviso," and will admit of no compromise.
Bui the possibility of defeat induces no threats
of "dissolution." The South will bo allowed to
monopolise t hat specie of urgument, for It is
not congenial lo Ihosu who a'0 acquainted with
im arithmetical rule by which to "calculate tho
value of tho Union." M. Etc. Jour.
The late Railroad Race.
" W. B. G." complains m the Burlington Freo
Press, nnd sundry other paters, tint wo Invo
treated iho late railroad race w iih much " unfair
ness." Perhaps we have; but if we hive, it has
been entirely w.th itit anv intention ot the sort.
Wo have published the statement a they weio
mode to us; and made', Hot on Iho authority of
tho managers or superintendent of Iho Central
road (with whom wo havu never exchanged a
word upon the subje.;!,) but on Ihu authority of
a gentleman in Burlington who was supposed lo
bo accurately poslcd up. Wero wu not confi
dent that " W. Ii. G." is himself wry unfair, wo
would publish his article. As it is, wo t ko his
own statement as to the dajson which, nnd
puints frum which, expresses wero run by both
roads, nnd tho lime ot fuch correcting two er
rors, lo wit: ho suis the Central ran expresses
through on the !1J Nov., while it actually ran
from Concord only, being prevented by accident
below Concord ; lie also makes an liou.'s error of
time against tlio Rutland on that day, which wo
correct. This will give thii story of tho nrlwil
lace. excluding thodtys on which the Central
ran expres-es and the Rutland is W. B. G. says
did not. With W. 11. ITs statements as tho basts,
wo classily the modes of running on each road,
taking thu distances from Hol'jrook's Railway
Guidu thus :
CENTRAL.
H'liote rfl. inncp. Ki-g.tr.iln. li.'.. train. Slitf ssp1... Time.
Miles. Miles. Miles.
Mite
Il, ill.
Oct. 31 244
144
144
75
75
73
73
142
142
430
27
27
27
27
!I57
041
y.io
7 30
Nov. I 244
" 2 241
" 3 244
Total, l;7(J 431
108 3527
RUTLAND.
143 C8
143 (18
50 Kif
50 ltil
Oct. 31 2:13
23
22
i
10.10
10.11
a to
7.08
Nov. 1 M
" 2 2-13
' 3 'm
Total, V32
3eU 458
68 35.3'J
Now for the results from ihoso data on tho
lays which " W. B. U." says wero the express
il tys of both roadi ;
In the four trips the Central beat tho
Rutland 12 minutes.
Tho number of miles ran by the Cen
tral more than the Rutland is 44
The number of miles ran bv tho Cen
tral in regular train time more than
tl c Rutland is 52
The number of miles ran by Central
railway express less than the Rut
land is 23
The titnnher of miles run express by
6tage on the Central more lliau on
tho Rutland is 23
'To get at the nub wo say, tho Central ran
more miles than the Rutland in distance, less of
miles by railway express, more by regular trains
and moro by stage, and vol beat it 12 minutes in
the four day.. But ihu Rutland ran 31 minutes
the shortest time iu ono trip, says " W. B. G."
Yes on tho 3d of Nov.: yet on tint day tho
Rutland ran 16T miles express by railway, and
tho Central only 142 miles, and at the'samc tliuo
the Central ulso had fivo miles moro to co by
stage. A railrotd that gams only 31 minulcs
out of 10 miles of railway express, and wuh nn
advantage of fivo miles less staging hto iho
bargain, is not on very strong bragging ground.
Such arc tho results of the actual racing. Now
if " W. B. G." and our friend of tho Fres Press
really think they have any thing to brag about,
why lot 'em brag.
Central Road.
Tho earnings for Oclobcr were $31,907 03
a large increase over preceding months.
Another Vermont Railroad to be organized.
Tho stockholders of tlio Bennington and Brattle
boro' Railroad Company, aro notified to meet at
Bennington, Dec. fitli, for the purpose of choos
ing thirteen Directors.
The Vermont Valley Railroad Company or
ganized on the 17th : Charles Chapin of Brattlo
boro', President, and B. F. Harris of Brattlcboro',
Clerk. Tlio Directors aro Horaco Brooks, of
Now York, F. R. Griffin, of Guilford, Connecti
cut, Charles Chapin, of Brattleboro', Peyton R.
Chandler, of Putney, Hugh II. Henry, of Chester,
Franklin Evans, of Boston, Alvah Crocker, of
Fitchburg.
Railroad Jtecident.We togret to learn tliat
l ho passenger train on Ihe Rullind and Burling
ion Railroad, run nlT tho track yesterday morn
ing, about four miles this snlu ot Burlington, by
which accident iho locomotive and ono of Iho
passenger curs were so seriously injured as to
be rendered unfit lor use. Fortunately no ouo
was injured. Vtrgtnnts Vermontcr.
Discouraging, Tito Boston Atlas publishca
a letter from California, dated Sopt. 30, very
strongly urging the Yankees not to emigrate.
Cliinalo bad, and luck ditto. To say the least,
it is hazardous to start with thu expectation ol
reaching there in the winter months. 4