Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume], May 05, 1854, Image 2

About Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883

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withstanding fivo times asked for byhe peo- j cause assigned ; and those which arc as
plo of tho territory. Oh, squatter sovereign-1 signed ato actually numerous and cnrloua,
tyl whero were yon then? It was a case 1 and worthy of examination. First because
for you to havs shown your head-Mo have it was euperaedtd by Certain acta of 850 ;
Arisen in your might and established your next, that it is inconsistent wilh those acts j
supremacy forever. It was a case of a con- then that it is inoperative 5 and finally, that
vention of the sovereigns themselves ; and 1 it never was there, being dead in its birth un
neither this convention nor the Congress der the constitution, and void from the bc
had a dread of their sovereignty. Tho con-1 ginning.
vention petitioned Congress as a ward would TI1K compromise nr 1830 run not surr.n
its guardian, ot children under age would 1 BEnr TIUT or igy,u
petition their father, and Congress answered L,Bt u, in'l0 t,M0 reasons, taintim, as
like a good gnardian, or a good father, that t1B iawTCr, ,Ry . ni fir8t 0f suiicrsession. It
It would not give them an evil, although they js slud (llllt tn measures of l&IO superseded
begged for it. Benighted times these, and lW, compromiso of 1820. If so, why treat it
infinitely behind the present ace. Tho 1 ,- .. ;,mi .,.,;,,,, .ml 1
mare's nest had not then been found in
which has been laiii thn marvrlinna pfrrr nut
" T. . T v . . , . . . 'Hr il H was leoeuiuu 111 ickiu, but uu u
of which has been hatched tlie nondescript 1 ovcr ncain in ib5? Why kill the dead?
fowl, yclept " squatter sovereignty."-1 )ul it wa, not superseded ; but ocknowledg
Laurhltr.) Tn illunousprinciplo of rj ami corifirmcd by every speaker in 1850
non-intervention had not then been invent- that referred to the subject, and by every
ed. T he ignoramuses of that day had licv-
iicaru 01 u, iiiougn nw ra uo learnou in
wvorj uuiij'uuuk , mm, i uuuuiu, iiuniiure
elss but in the horn-books, lllenetcedmcrri'
tnent.)
now it is rnorosED to disturb the com
fromise. Five times in the beginning of this centu
ry did Congress refuse tn impair the slavery
compromise of '87 1 and now, in the middle
of the century, and after thirty years of peace
under the Missouri Compromise the ofT
spring and continuation of that of '67 we
are called upon, not merely to impair for a
season, but to destroy for ever, a far greater
.compromise extending to farmoro territory,
and growing out of necessities far more
pressing. And how called upon ? Not by
the inhabitant' not by any one human be
ing living, or expecting to live on tho terri
tory to be affected but upon a motion in
Congress a silsut, secict, lunping, halting,
creeping, squinting, impish motion con
ceived in tho dark miawifed in a commit
tee room, and sprung upon Congress and the
country in the style inwhich Guy Fawkea
intended to blow up the Parliament house,
with his five hundred barrels of gunpowder
hid in tho cellar, under the wood. laughi
tr.) My answer to such a motion is to be
found in tho whole volume of my political
life. I havo stood upon the iMissoun Com
promise for above thirty years, and mean to
stand upon it to the end of my life ; and, in
doing bu, shall act, not only according to my
own cherished convictions of duty, but ac
cording to the often declared convictions of
the (icneral Assembly 01 my state. 1 lie in
violability of that compromise line has often
been declared by that General Assembly ;
and, as late as 1847, in theso words :
" Resolved, That tho peace, permanency,
and welfare of our national Union depend 1
upon a strict adherenco to tho letter and
spirit of the eighth section of tho act of
Congress of the United States, entitled, An
act to authorize tho people of the Missouri
territory to form a constitution and state
government, and for the admission of such
state into the Union on an equal footing
with the original states, and to prohibit
slavery in certain territories,' approved
March 0, 1820."
with an instruction to the senators, and a
request to tho representatives in Congress,
to vote accordingly.
" Tho peace, permanency and wclfaro of
the Union depend upon a strict auhcrciico to
tho Missouri Compromiso of 1820." 80 re
solved the General Assembly of Missouri as
lato as 1617. I believed the Assembly waa
right then; I belicvo it now and so believ
ing, shall " adhere" to the compromise now,
as then," in spirit and in letter.
1 should oppose any movement to impair
that compromise, made in an open, direct,
manly manner; much more shall 1 oppose
it if made in a covert, indirect, and unmanly
way. The bill or bills before us undertake
to accomplish their object without professing
it upon reasons which aro contradictory
and unfounded-tin terms winch aro ambigu
ous and inconsistent and by throwing on
others the responsibility of its own net.,
INSIDIOUS CHARACTER Or THE NEBRASKA
BILL AN ATTEtirT TO SMUOOLE SLA VE
RT I.1TO THE TERRITORT.
It professes not to interfere with tho sov
ereign right of the people to legislate tor
themselves; and the very first lino of this
solemn profession throws upon them a
horse-load of law, which they havo no right
to refuse, or time to read, or money to pur
chase, or ability to understand. It throws
upon them all tho laws of the United States
which aro not locally inapplicable ; and that
comprehends all that nro not specially made
fur other places ; also, it gives lliem tho
constitution of tho United States, but with
nut the privilege of voting at presidential or
congressional elections, or of making their
own judiciary. This is non-interferenco
with a vengeance. A community to bo
buried under a mountain of strange law, and
covered with a constitution under which
they are not to havo ono single political
right.
Why this circumlocution ? this extension
of a mountain of irrelevant law, with tho ex
ception of tho only one relevant and applica
ble? Kir. it is the crookod, insidious and
pusillanimous way of effecting the repeal of
the Missouri Compromise lino. 11 inciuuea
all law for tho sake of leaving out
one law ; and effects a repeal by an
omission, and legislates by an exception.
It is a new way of repealing a law, and a
bungling attempt to smuggle slavery into
the territory, and all tho country out to the
Canada line and up tho Rocky mountains
The crooked line of this smuggling process
is this : " Abolish the compromiso line, and they pleaso ; chase w Into people from it, as
extend tho constitution over the country: they please. After this farrago this ou
the constitution recogniies slavery: there 'podrida comes n little stump speech, inject
fore, slavery is established as soon as the cd In the belly of thu bill, and which must
!ino is abolished, and the constitution ex-1 havo a prodigious effect when recited in tho
tended : end being put there by tho coustitu- j prairies, and out towards the frontiers, ami
lion, it cannot be legislated out." This is up towards the hetds of tho creeks. (ViugA
the English of this smuggling process ; and if ami iuii ion.) I will read it, and I hope
.-:r.. nu ......u.. ..r I wit linn, rfim,tnfT llm Ititntn- Titp ll linll.
bL'IIAtlliy MUWIIIli; UIUIC UllUlllljr Ul IVISia- I
lion moro derogatory to a legislative body,
was ever attempted to bo made into law
Sir, the constitution was not made for terri
tories, but for states. Its provisions ate all
applicable to states, and cannot bo put in
operatiou in territories. They cannot vote
for President, or Vice-l'reaidcnt, or members
of Congress, nor elect their own officers, or
prescribe the qualifications of voters, or ad
minister their own laws by their ownjudges,
heriffs, and attorneys ; and the clause ex
tending tnu constitution to mem is a cncai
a
ond en illusion, and a trick to smuggle
slavery into the territory. Nor is it intend '
Cd mar, mey snail nave any legislative ngxi
under tho constitution, even in relation to
slavery. They may admit it because it is
to be there by the constitution: they cannot
exclude it, because the constitution puts it
there. That is the argument ; and it is a
juggle worthy of the trick of one egg under
three hats at the samo time and under
.neither at any time. Besides, the constitu
lion is an organic, not an administrative act.
It is a code of principles, not of laws. Not
a clause in it can be executed except by vir
tue of a law made under it not even tho
clause for recovering fugitive slaves.
NEBRASKA A if ASILVM TOR RC!f AWAT SLAVES
But I am not dono yet with tho beauties ofj
thu mode or repeating a law oy exception.
There is a further consequence to bo detect
ed in it The Missouri Compromise consists
of two distinct parts: first, an abolition of
eh very in all the ancient Louisiana north
and west of Missouri; secondly, a provision
for the recovery of fugitive slaves in tho ter
ritory made free. By the omitted extension
of this section, both these parts are repeal
ed. A tract of country larger than tho old
thirteen Alantic states, and bordering a thou,
sand miles on the British Dominions, is made
an asylum for fugitive slaves. There will
be no law to recover a slave from all that
vast region.
The constitutional provision is limited to
the Northwest territory; the second part of
me Missouri compromise cxieuueu inn (igui
to all the territory north and west of Missouri;
and that being repealed, that right of recove
ry is lost I object to this on the part of tlie
Mate of Missouri the state to be most in
jured by converting all the territory north
and wVt of bar, quite out to the British line,
iato as asylum for runaway slave. The
bluasto eaaaet be ecu reeled (at lent jn tha
bpjsiea of those who deny tlie constitution
al paver of Csogresa to leg slate on slavery
in territories) by an set of Congress.
Tbeo came the reason far excepting the
Missouri Compromise from the extension
Kuiah is given to a mas of laws which are
KM tbare, and dciiiedto ifelf which is there.
If the reason bad been because it was al-
n iif Uiere, it would have been a logical and
i T'whf rniMc reason ; but that is not the
I pealed by an exception in order to get rid of
1 f. 1 iff. i- tbn ...1... .i
ncl tiat mentioned it This being matter of
- fact, and proven by all sorts ot testimony
parol, written, and record It hail tobcgiv-
en up, though a test ot political ortimuoxy
as long as it stood, and something else put
in its place. Thereupon supersession was it
self superseded by "inconsistent." Out of
tho frying-pan intotho fire ! laughter.
Inconsistent signifies inability to stand to
gethertwo things which cannot stand to
getherfrom con and sisto. Now, what is
tho lact with respect to the compromises of
1820 and 1850? Can they not stand to
gether? And if not, why knock the ono
down that is already down? It is now four
years since this inability to stand together
took effect J and how Jo tho two sets of
measures make out together at the end of
this time f J'crlectly well. 1 hey aro doui
on their feet standing bolt upright and
will stand so forever, unless Congress knocks
one or the other of them down. This is fact,
known to everybody, and admitted by tho
bill itself; for it tho first is inconsistent with
the second and unable to stand, why all this
trouble to put it down? by trip up the
heels of tho man already flat on his hack 011
the ground ? Then comes another reason
that this compromiso of 1820 is inoperative
and void. If so, those whu aro sgainst its
operation should bo content. It is 111 tho
very condition they wish it usqless, power
less, inactive, dead and no bar to tho pro
gress of slavery to the North. Void is va
cant, empty, nothing of it. Now, if tho lino
of f)0 deg. ')0 mm. H inoperative nnd void, it
is in tho condition of a fence pulled down,
and the rails carried away, and the fisld left
open for tho stock to enter. But tho fenco
is not vet inoperative and loid. It is an ex
isting substantivo line, alivo and operating;
and operating effectually to bar tho progress
of slavery to the North; and will so con
tinue to operate until Congress shall stop its
operation.
Then comes the tinai reason, tnat mere
never was any such lino in the world - that
it was unconstitutional and void that it had
no existence from the beginning; and that
it must not bo repealed by a direct act, tor
that would bo to acknowledge its previous
existence, and to utility tho constitutional a
grccment ; and what is more terrible, involve
the authors of the doctrine in an inconsisten
cy of their own ; and thereby niako them
selves inoperative and void. And this is the
analysis of the reasons for tho Nebraska bill
that part of it which is to get rid of tho
compromise of 1820; untrue, contradictory,
suicidal and preposterous. And why such
a farrago of nullities, incongruities, and in
consistencies? l'urely and simply to throw upon others
upon tho Conurcss of lt!50 and tho innocent
' ; .. l.lll ..
cunsuiuiion-lho biamu ui uai,uiu um il
self is doing; the blumo of destroying the
comp-omiso of 1820 ; and with it, destroying
all confidence between the North and the
South, and arraying ono half tho Union
against tho other in deadly hostility. It is
to be able to throw blame upon the innocent
that this farrago is served up to us.
territorial sovF.ni.iG.irr, NONSFNSE. 1
And what is all this hotch-potch for ? It
is to establiSlf principle of non-intervention
of squatter sovereignty. Sir, there is no
such principle. The territories are tho chil
dren of tho slates. They are minors, under
21 years of age; and is the business
uf the etatca through theil dclegalluii9 in
Congress, to take care of thesu minora until
they aro of age until they aro ripe for statu
government then give them that" govern
ment, and admit them to an equality with
their fathers. That is the law and tho sense
of the case ; and has been so acknowledged,
since the firit ordinance in 1781, by all au
thoritics, federal and state, legislative, judi
cial and executive.
Tho states in Congress are the guardians
of the territories, ana are bound to exercise
the guardianship ; and cannot abdicate it
without a breach of trust and a dereliction of
duty. Territorial sovereignty is a monstros
ity, born of timidity and ambition, hatched
into existence in tho hot incubation ot'-n pre
sidential canvass, and revolting to the hold
ers when first presented. Well do I roincm
bor that day when it was first shun n in tho
Senate. Mirk Antony did not better re
member the day when Cuiar first put on
that mantle through which he waa afterwards
pierced with thrce-aiid-twcnty " envious
stabs." It was in tho Senate in 1818, and
was received as noiisenso as tho cssonco of
nonsense as tho quintessence of nonsense
as the fivo.-tiinca distilled essence uf politi
cal nonscnsicality,
the sriiir si-i:kch in the uii.i..
Why, sir, the territory itself is tho pro
perty of tho states, and they do whit they
please willi it iicrmit it to bo bctt!ed or not.
las they please; sell it, or give 11 away, as
for it is both !
" ....wmi. ..w..-..
brief and beautiful, and runs thus: I
" It being tho true intent and meaning of
this act not to legislate slavery into any slulo 1
or territory, nor to exclude it therefrom ; but
to leave the people thereof perfectly free to I
form and regulata their domestic institutions
111 their own way, subject only to tho consti-1
tution of the United Slates." I
This is the speech, and a pretty little thing
itself, and very proper to bo spoken from a
stump in tho prairie. It has intent, and a
true intent; which is neither to legislate
slavery into or out of a state or territory
I hen why Jegulato alall Why all this
diiturbanco il no effect is produced, and
things to remain Just as they weref l.ui
well enough alone, was tho old doctrine ; to j
make well enough still better, is the doctrino (
of progress; and that in spite of the Italian ,
epitaph, winch says: "I was well, and :
would bo better ; took physic, aiid here I
am." But tho slates must bo greatly do- i
lighted at tho politeness and forbearance of
this bill. It puts states and territories upon
precisely equality with respect to the I
power of Congress over hen.. Congress 1
does not mean to put slavery in or 1
out of any stato or territory. To all that
wlite abnegations I have to say that, iu re- '
spect of tho slates, it is tho supererogation
01 modesty and humility, as uongres happens
to have no power to put slavery in them, or
out of them; and in respect of tho territories,
it is an abdication of a constitutional power
and duty ; it being tho right of Congress to
legislate upon slavery in the territories, and
its duty to do so when there U occasion for
it as in 1787 and 18.0.
I object to this shilly-shally - willy.won'iy
don'ty con'ty style of legislation. (Itoan
of laughter.) It is not legislative. It is not
manly. It is not womauly. No woman
would talk that way. No shilly shally iri a
woman. Nothing of tho female gender was
ever born young enough, or lived long en
ough, to get 'lefogged in such a quandary
as tins, llentuxa laughter. itisonolning
or tlie other with them and what they say
they stick to. No breaking bargains with
uieui. uut the end of this stump speech Is
the best of the whole. Different from good
milk, in which the cream rises to the top, it
here settles to the bottom, and is in these
words :
Leave it to Die people thereof, that is to
say, of the state and uf the territories, to
regulate slavery for themselves as they
B lease, only subject to the constitution of tho
fnited States."
Certainly this is a new subjection for the
stales. Heretofore they have been free to
regulate slavery for themselves admit it,
or reject it; ana that not by virtue of uny
grant of power In the constitution, but by
virtue of an unsurrendered part of iheir old
sovereignty. It u also new of the territo-
nc. Heretofore ihcy hive beon held to bo
wards of Congress, and entitled to nothing.
under the constitution, but that which Con-
cress extended to them. Hut this clause is
not accidentally hero it is to keep up the
doema of tho constitution In territories ; but
only there in relation to slavery, and that
lor us aumission nut n-juuu.
Threo dogmas now alllict the land ; vide
licet : squatter sovereignty, non-intervention,
and no power in Congress to legislate up
on slavery In territories. And this bill as
..... .1 ..vi i,mniirniw illus
trates tho wholo three', by knocking ono on
tho head with the other, and trampling each
under foot in its turn. Sir, tho bill does de
ny squatter sovereignty, and it docs intervene
and it (iocs legislate upon territories, and
for a proof of that, see the bill ; and see it as
the lawyers my, passim ; that is to say, here,
and there, and every n here.
It is a bUl of assumptions and contradic
tionsassuming what is unfounded, and con
tradicting what it assumes and balancing
every aflirmation by a negation. It is n see
saw bill ; but not tho innocent see-saw which
children play on a plank stuck through a
fence ; but the up-and-down game of politi
cians, played at tho oxpense of the pence and
harmony or the Union, and the sacrifice of
all business in Congress. It is an amphibo
logical bill, stuffed with monstrosities, hob
bled with contradictions, ond Ihdgered with
a proviso, (Aaugier.)
Amphibology is a cause for the rejection
of bills, not only by Congress, but by the
President when carried to him for his approv
al. General Jackson rejected ono for that
cause, and it was less amphibological than
this ; it was tho last night of the list day of
his last administration, nnd n quarter before
midnight. Congress had sent him a bill to
repeal the specie circular, and to inaugurate
tho paper money of n thousand local banks
as the currency of the Federal Government
It was an object not to bo avowed, nor to bo
done in any director palpable manner. Par
aphrases, circumlocution, ambidexterity,
and ambiguity, were necessary to cover up
tho design; and it was piled on until it was
unintelligible. '1 ho President read it, and
could make nothing of it; ho sent to his At-torney-Genoml,
who was equally puzzled.
Ho then returned it with a message to the
Senate, refusing to sign the bill for amphibo
logy. Wo should reject this bill for the
same cause, if for nothing else. Hard is the
fate of party fealty. It has to keep up with
tho ever-changing measure. Often havo
these bills changed; and under every phase
they havo had to bo received as a test of or
thodoxy ; and havo more changes to undergo
yet, and to continue to be n test under till
mutations.
squatter sovr.nEio.vrr Exrosr.n.
And now, what is the object of this move
ment which so disturbs Congress and tho
country? What does it propose to accom
plish? To settle a principle, is tho unswer
-tho pnnclplo of non-inicrvention, and tho
right of the people of the territory to decide
tho question of slavery for themselves- Sir,
thcro is no such principle. Tho territories
aro the children of tho stated. They are
minors, under ago, and it is the business of
4t Mates, through their delegations 111 Con
gress, to take care of them until they aro of
age until they are ripe for stto govern
ment ; then to givu them that government,
and admit them loan equality with their j
lathers. That is law, and lias beun so nd-
mitt d since the first ordinance, 111 1781. 1
Thc states in Congress aro the guardians I
oflho territories, and are bound to uxercise !
that guardianship; and cannot abdicate it
without a breach ol trust and a derolection '
of duty. Why, sir, the territory itself is the
property ot the states, and they do with it
what they please permit it to bo seitled or
not, as they please ; cut it up by lines, as
they please; sell, or give it away as they
please; chase white people from it, os they
please. Tins has been always the case.
There is a proclamatiounow oxtamVuf the old
Congress of tho confederation, describing tho
first settlers 111 the Northwest territory as
"disorderly persons;" and ordering them to
be driven off by the military.
I remember many such military expulsions
111 me early settlements ol the western coun
n i.,i,l,ii, ,.,.., 1 ,...,
houses, cutting up corn, destroying fences, I "'0 compromise lino to include it, ond acta
.a .tnvma on- i,,,rl. -1 ii.,. .,mi of.!.,, !,. ally converting tint fine resion from fne soil
unat, undo, ilia cdgn of the sibre. As el?vo so"- Northern votes enabled it m
late as Ir3al-"J.-., and after the extension of! 10 ono ; northern vote altered above in
the Indian title to the 1'l.ilto country in Mis- hundred "' of tho compromise line for
souri, similar orders were given to the then ?ur benefit, upon request ; and 1 will never
colonel of dragoons coiniinndrng on that b,'l ungrateful to the North for it, nor requite
frontier, the now senator m Congress, lieu-! " ,,v ,'1 bro',lc'1 ,,f 1 19 lma ,to lll01r, l"eJJ:e
ry Dodge, to expel tho people from that pur-1 'V'"1 ,0,v tte ob,lun. r""""-' otes
cnaso ; orders winch he executed 111 gentle-
ness and mercy. L'oint' alone, cxplaininc his
I business, and requiring them to go aay ; ' ,"ula" removals , oml or that alteration ot
I which they did like good aiid orderly people ; I "'8 couipromiw) lino which gave us the be,u-
and when ho was gone, came back like sen-1 t,f"' ,alte co"'u7 ? ,,low ll,e M""J,U'
u.i,io ...! .i. i, i., .. 1 1 n delegation of that day - the most amiallo
their pre-emptions. Not only seitled, but or- n,m Mew!U '''"n aim inyseii, in 1.0 stn
gaiuzed territory, has been so trailed by the I at- al,u (jC,n- As,,ley ,,n the House - howU.d
federal government, and worse ; the people I JV' ,"'"ai" Krual boon for our state if
or.ven off, and their homes given away. I '. " Bcl ''"""J V0'M h hing ab.h
This happened 111 Arkansas in lc2.-i, when , "''""" aSa't orth ? No, no ; we pi
twelve thousand hquarn miles of her organ.-1 lhc', b opposling to the justice and the fra
cd territory was giveuto the Cherokees, and l,srna1 ,eell,,S of 01lr northern brethren, and
tho noople driven away. Why, sir, this 1 1 'vhich n-vcr appealed once in vain
very imi ofaa :io wti, all the tornto y i v,,0 ' u'n h" trl"1 to et V,B ch?,r--
on one side of it, and two degrees on the olh- ket'! m,t ot S'o us fourteen athr-
erside, were given away to tho King of V?,M l' even negatives from
Spam. This his been the seventy years' j ' "uth, 'd ved the treaty by one vote?
practice of the goyerniiieut-to tieal ternto-
no as property; and ihe peoplo as uninvited
guests, to bo entertained or turned out, as
the owner oflho house chooses. Fine Suv
ercigns these ! chased off by the military,
and their homes given to Indians or Span
iards. The whole idea of this sovereignty is
a novelty, scouted from Congress when it
first appeared 111 the Senate, contradicted by
the constitution and tho whole action of tho
governmeir, in all time; and contradicted
bv tho bill Itself, which is to secure it. Tho
provisions ol thu bill aro a burlesquo upon ' labored long and hard in theso halls ond to
sovereignty. It givos to the peoplo, instead 1 'his hour thcro is not a petition for it from
of receiving from them, an organic acl! One I tho chus of stales for whoso benefit tho
in which Ihoy aro denied every attribute of movement professes to have been made! ,
sovereignty. Denied freedom of elections ; not n word in its favorfrom the smallest pub-l
denied freedom of voting; denied choice of lie meeting or private assemblage of any I
their own laws; denied the right of fixing 1 le state. This is the respouso of thev
the qualification of voters ; subjected M a 1 South to this boon, tendered to it by north
foreign supervision; and coutrollablo by the crn members, under a northern President
leucrui government, wnicn thev nave no hand ,
In electing; and only allowed to admit, and
not to reject slavery. 1 heir sovereignty on
ly extends to the subject of slavery, and only
to ono side of that the admitting side ; tho
other half of the noner beiti!? held to be de
nied by the constitution which is extended !
over them, and which (.according to tho read. - "... ,
mg oflho supporters of this bill,) forbids any j -e Gadsden Treahnt tt Pasted IhtSm
law 1,1 linmml.i ulnrli u ill nrnvnnt nu -,ii. n't Washington, April 25. I he Gadsden
zen from going there with his slaves. This
lo Kttor oovoroig'i.ty, oon liiloi vuntion, on.l i Wenato In nay by a vole ol ,nj to i.i.
no power to legislate in territories upon sla- '. Mr. Bell's amendment with reference ,
very. And this is called a principle tho . HIo 8"t"t was so amendod as to sink,
principle of non-intervention letting tho 1 t Sloo's name and simply provide for a rijM
people alone, to settle the question of slave- of waX cross '1 ehuanlepec for trie transpir.
ry for themselves. How settlo it? That'ta,lon of the United States mails and iteri
can only be dono in an organic act; and they I chandise sent from tho Atlantic States t
havenosuchactnorcan havo one till they California, and vice versa. It thus provide
make a constitution for Hai'o government - for a right of way, without, in any inannir
All the rest is legislation, w Inch settles noth
ing, and produce contention at every elec
tion. Sir, this principle of non-intervention
is but tho pnnciplo of contention a bone
given to the people to quarrel and fight ovcr
at every election, and at every meeting
of tho legislature, until they become a state
government. Then, and then only, can they
settle the question.
For seventy years since the year 1761,
when tho organizing mind of Jefl rsou drew
the first territorial ordinance wo had a uni-
form method of providing for tho govern-
ment of territories, all founded uiion tho
cla.uo in the Constitution which authorizes
Congress to dispose of, and male rule mid
r...n..nJ r,.-., ii,.. i.i.u ...,i ...i..
er property of the Wed States". This r or t,ieae concessions Santa Anna isto -r-mode
of government has consisted of three I f elv ,,c" 1,111 ,0,, of do!!a": 0n otlf
grades, all founded in tho right of Congress 'i3', "i" urc rdoc not Cve u VxtV
to govern them. First grade: a Governor , tl,u 'l,'f f Ca,10""!r. nor ,Ioe; ' B'vo u.
and judges appointed by The United Stales, 1 " ,nh . '"'""O' " was uegoliated forl
lo adopt laws from other states, to be in ' ken.-ljadsdeu,
force until dis.pproyed by Congress. Sec- The Southern votes are unanimous in-lp
ond grade: a territorial legislature, when tho ffirinative. Light Northern Whigs, ,tr
inhabitant shall amount to five thousand democrats, and two Hee Sellers voted h
men above the ago of twenty-one, composed ,h- ieg;a"ve
of a council partly appointed by the United Capture of a Stater. 'Tho brig Glam).
States, and a House of Representatives, cloc- cani f flew y0rk. arrived at tin port yi
ted by the people at the rate of one repro-! ,erjay, ln command of Lieutenant Dowjts,
sonta live for every five hundred voters, it ! uf the U.S. Nayy, from Congo River, Afna,
legislation subject to the approval of Con- .j,rcb 1 1th, where she wa seized by thejl.
press. I bird grade: entrance on the stato 8. brig I'erry, on suspicion of being asl air,
government, in full equality nUi the other and brought here for trial. Tho captampf
states. 1 his it the way these I crritorie . tjl0 vessel, Ins mate and two men, arqjn
have been governed for several years ; and I board the vessel in irons, She bad, it Ma
am for adhering to' it. tcji tho implements of tho slave traffi of
Tin racTEXT or qciETina the sLAVrar I board when seized, and bad been chitel br
jrj;jjrjo.. another cruiser previous to her capluri If
And uoweESt U tho excuso for all tin the Terry, which chased her ten hours. Vie
distuibince of tho country: this breaking up name of the captain is Caspar Kehrmn:;,
of ancient compromises ; arraying one half a native of Bremen, but a citizen uf to
of the Union against the other sad destroy United Slates.
Ing tho temper nnd business or Congress!
What t the excuse for all this turmoil and
miscutci r vvearo 1010. 11 is 10 Keep me
question of slavery out of Congress I Great
'God! It was out ot Congress! completely,
Congress dragged it in by breaking down
tho sacred Ian a which settled it. Tho ques
tion was settled, and done with There was
not an inch square of territory in tho Union
on which it could bo raised without a breach
of a compromiso. The ordinance of '81)
1 settled it in all tho remaining part of the
northwest territory beyond Wisconsin: the
compromiso line of DO deg. 110 mm., settled
it in all country north aim west of Missouri
to the llntish Jflie, and up to tho Rocky
Mountains: the organic net of Oregon, made
by the people and sanctioned by Congress,
settled it in all that region: the acts for the
government of Utah and Now Mexico set
tled it in tlioso two territories : tho compact
with Texas, determining the number of slave
states to bo formed out of that state, settled
it thcro : and California settled for herself
Now, whero was thcro an inch square of
territory within tho United States on which
the question could be raicd ? Nowhere 1
The question was settled everywhere, not
merely by law, but by fact. Tho work was
done, and thcro was no way to get at tliD
question but by undoing the work! No way
lor Congress to get the question in, for the
purpose of keeping it out, but to break down
compromises which kept it out.
HOW CAM IT BF.ir.KIT THE SLAVE STATES ?
What advantage da the slave states ex
pect from this bill ? Certainly they expect
tho extension of slave power, and slave pap
illation. That may provo a fallacious expec
tation. Tho question of slavery in these
tcrritoiies, if thrown open to territorial ac
tion, will be a question of numbers a ques
tion of the majority for or against slavery:
and what chanco would tho slaveholders have
in s'uch a contest ? No chance at all. The
slavo emigrants will be outnumbered, and
compelled to play a most unequal gams, not
only 111 point of numbers, but also 111 point
of states. Tho slaveholder stakes his prop
erty ; and has to run it off, or lose it, if out
voted at tho polls. 1 seo nothirg which
slaveholders aro to gain under this bill no
thing hut an equal and vexatious contest, in
which they aro to be losers. I deprecate
such a contest and did my part to keep it
out of the state of Missouri when her con
coiistitutiou was formed. 1 was not a mem
ber of tho convention, but was a chief pro
moter of the clause which forbid the legisla
ture to emancipate slaves wUhout the con
sent of their owners. 1 proreotcd tlulclauie
for the sake of peace for Hie sake of keep
ing the slavery question 011'. of her elections
and legislation for the saku of preventing
perpetual strife nnioiig tho people. What I
did for Missouri, I would do for the territo
ries ; and if it was an opei question would
vote ono way or tho other to settle it ; but it
is not all open question ! and cannot be open
ed without a broach of tilth, and the de
struction of tho peace of the country.
IT IS U.-II AIR TO rllK KOBTII.
Sir, the question 1ms keen decided. The
free states arc against tMs bill; and it is an
ill return for their past generous conduct to
endeavor to force it upon them. Thev have
been not only just, but magnanimous to the
slave stales- What as the condition of tho
lavB ol1" J"" "K" '" """
lhc ,lse ol' ,,ia 8011 ,l,e,t lln,lW ?, i)e-
bmA 01 a rcat l,lrl of lts lls0 : a" nulan
P"l'l'ii covering more or leas of elnm.t
every slave state, and preventing the expnn
",u." u" l,ul"'. .. " 11
All relieved. Tho Indians all gone; their
land all bought under the dominion of the
white man ; and thocroa of slavo population,
and of slavo cultivation, greatly increased
to tho extent of a third or a fourth of its sod
in some of tho states. How was this done?
Certainly by the help of free stale votes, (fur
it could not have been dono without them;)
by the help ot their votes in procuring the
appropriation?, and ratifying the treaties
which tho removal of the Indians required.
Missouri got her lino southwest quarter re
lieved by these meaiu. Tho simo votr-s
gave ns the I'lotte country: seven finecoua-
t n s added to tho state ! and that by illering
- --
r1.'10 appropriations an.) treaties for all th?jo
'1,m ""a "o u
r'"ctioin. accustomed to solicit no
vo(es' ox(nrea3 l,"k for .l,.,e "' w
thefo
northern
ill nut
now leturn them evil for good by attempting
to deprive lliemof their share of a comprom
iso which we imposed upon them.
.tOIJUIir WANTS IT TO I'ASS AT THE SOUTH.
It is now- four months since this inoveinem
for thu abrogation of the Missouri t'oinprom 1
ise commenced in this Congress. It begat
without a memorial, without a petition, with.
1 out a request from a huinin being. It hos
11 " " reipomu 01 uunce more empini
ic than words and worthy of especial noto
in this debate. It argues well for the har
mony of the Union, and goes to show, (what,
in fact, has been often seen,) that tho troub
les ot tho country come troni uneasy point-
clans its safety from the tranquil masses
1 rely, as amended, wan ratified by the.
intcrferiiig with tho conflicting claims of riyj
val companies. J
Upon motion of Mr. Rusk, tlie boundar
was slightly altered, so as to take in the iiy
puled Mcsilla Valhy, and run somcWut
south of the line designated at the time llu
treaty was rejected.
Mr. Mason then moved to increase tif
compensation to ten millions, which was cr.
ried,
Tho Treaty, as ratified, extinguishes tlW
claims under the 11th article of tho treaty S
l!u,ll"lPs 1 tdalgo, ana abrogates uiatirf
I c,e- It settles tho disputed Mcailla Vale
, question, giving the United States the boin
"W ?l 18 r Pomt UP0" this mdo
also the right of way across 1 chuanteprcv
Wnfrjjiiuiiitntt Sutimnl.
nv 12. i'. iiMiroar, Jit.
MON TPEL1KR, MAY 5, 1831.
VERMONT POLITICS.
A correspondent of the Windsor Journal
(and tho editor of the Journal also) asserts
that tho Watchman is in favor of " tho dis
solution of tho Whig party." Theso gen
tlemen arc mistaken entirely. Wc desire a
dissolution of all partnership with tho few
pscudo Whigs, who support the dorlingmea
sure of tho Pierce administration ; and for
sncla "dissolution" wo count upon large
accessions.
Tho Vergennes fermonlcr inquires wheth
er tho Whig patty is dead We think not,
most decidedly. It is vigorous, strong, grow,
ing: but there is a sweeping epidemic pre
vailing inevitably fatal to every party and
every body who meets it unprepared. Let
tho Whig party be prepared.
The llrattlebori Kaglc, Rutland Herald,
and Iturlinglon Irce Press think it not best
" to disband tho Whig party." Very likely :
now will they enlarge its hands ? Tho Edit
ors of all of theso papers appear to bo sound
on the now issue presented by the Adminis
tration. They declare that the whig party
is sound, and that they wish to have it
sound. If they are consistent, they will
support nobody and affihato with nobody
who is imjoimJ; and if they arc as earnest
as we suppose they are in this matter, Ihoy
will be glad to co-operate, in every honora
ble way, wilh all who ogreo with them.
Are they reudy to seek in this direction for
what will, practically and inevitably, be m
enlargement of the tthig party, if the pari;
chooses to put itself in the necessary positionl
Thoy have indicated an answer as good os
given by the Ilsgle: let the opponents of
Slavery extension come to the ll'hig parly,
This is precisely in the spirit of the Green
Mountain P ceman and tho tlrandon Post:
let the anli-.YebrasKa ll'higs come lo the tree
Soil Parly. Thus stand the extremes on
each side, while between them arc thousands
of Whigs, Free Soilers and Democrats in
Vermont who roally and honestly desire to
act together in the matter; who are heartily
tired of defeating each other, and permit
ting the common enemy to profit by their di
visions: who wish to take reasonable grounds,
and cultivate liberal nnd friendly sentiments,
for the purpose of securing harmonious ac
tion; and who are far less troubled about
names, leaders, candidates, or organiza
tions, than they arc to find a practicable
ground of union. We think it is well for all
concerned to reconsider these positions.
The Herald suspects wo do not know what
wo are at. It is mistaken. We have long had
a distinct idoa of putting an end, if practica
ble, to tho tripartite political war, in Vermont
particularly. Wo have of lato hoped that
the great principles involved in the Nebras
ka bill afforded the most likely means to ac
complish that end; and when tho Middlcbury
Register on tho one hand, and tho Vermont
Tribune on the other, gavo utterance to like
ideas, we responded in a way to Bhow our
own thoughts ond to draw out our brethren
of tti quill. Wc well knew the obstacles
in the way: the difficulty of fixing upon a
common ground of union the tics of party
the jealousy of partizans and of cliques
and witha! the differences of opinion as tolas
mode ur uttb.uptmj; ny thing wlnivor
Knowing all this, wo have published what
w e have ; and havo succeeded in draicing
ihefre of various of our brethren of the quill.
All right, gentlemen, as far as you, or we,
havo gone : right in this - that tho thoughts
that were m have been tn some extent got
oul. This, it strikes us, was a thing needed
previous to any definite action, as n prepa
ration lor definite propositions that may suc
ceed. Next week we shall endeavor to pub
lish sundry nrticlos on the subject, of various
huos. ln the mean time wo hope Me Com
millces, who ore entrusted with tho calling of
Conventions, have also had an eye upon the
signs of tho tunes, and will act advisedly
when they do act
A great deal of talK and not a little ex
citement has been occasioned among those
intcredtcd in the Lake Champlain Steamers
by recent transactions in the harbor. Among
so many conflicting statements it is difficult
to orrivo at tho exact truth. That the steam
boat Irancis Sallus was refitted during the
past winter and intended to bo run by par
ties residing in l'lattsburgli and elsewhere,
between Hurlington and l'lattsburgh, in op
position to the Sarannc that her departure
from tho harbor, at the time tho Saranac
como out, was prevented by legal process;
that counter processes were issued in favor
of the other otdo ; tint violent removals from
those who claimed tho lepal possession of
the boat, were threatened, if not attempted,
and that yesterday two of the old Steamers,
tho ll'hiteliall and Hurlington, were scuttled
and sunk in such positions as to hem in tho i
Sdtus to the Bhoro and prevent her removal
from tha harbor, in which condition she re
maineil at last accounts, aro wo believe facts.
Considerable excitement exists at l'latts
burgh, we understand, in relation to the af
fair Hurlington the Press.
Tho I'latteburgh claimants to tho " Sal
tus" were prevented from taking possession
in violation of an injunction ordered by
Judge I'ierpoint, and on .Monday and Tues
day last the parties implicated were on trial
before Judge I'cck at Burlington for con
tempt. We happened to bo present one
evening during the rending of a vory Urgo
number of depositions ; hut the only thing
clearly proved was an indefinite amount of
hard swearing.
Spirit Manifestations examined and explain
ed: by John Rovoo Doda, author of " Phi
losophy of Electrical Psycology," "Im
mortality Triumphant," &x. New York,
Do Witt &. Davenport, publishers. 232
pages, cloth.
Faith in spirit manifestations has taken
root in tins vicinity. Some believe ; somo
wonder whether such things can bo ; some
scout all theories, and pretended manifesta
tions, as equally and utterly humbugs; but
most people pay very little attention to the
subject. The book before us is of value
for all. Admitting nearly all the phenome
na upon which is founded the belief in spirit-rapping,
or spiritual communication with
flesh and blood iu any other mode, and ad
mitting also tho honesty of mediums, the
author accounts for all without resort to the
spiritual hypothesis. Indeed, for tho most
part he has demonstrated, and is ready still
to demonstrate by practical experiment, thai
the niot wonderful exhibition of the so cal
led spiritual sort can bq produced without
resort to spiritual power. Of course we
shall not undertake to say how tlie writer dis
poses of tho matter: tlie book will best tell
that We will only say that the author
treats the spiritualists very fairly, and certain
ly has done thejji no injury by his ingenious
and apparently successful attempt lo show
them that no nuw revelations have been
made, or are likely to be made, from the spir
it world. The book is worthy of the alien,
tlou of all who are Interested iu mental phi
losophy, and may he had at Uillou &. Loyc
lnd' book fctorr
Benton on Nebraska.
W'o publish Mr. Benton's speech entire.
It is clear, strong, and mi important particu
lars, conclusive. When a Democrat of
forty years' standing, a statesman of lorgo
experience, and withal tho representative of
a Slavo State, repudiates tho doctrine of
squatter sovereignty ond asserts tho power of
tho Federal Government ovcr Federal terri
tory, wo think it worth while to record tho
matter in the most authentic form. Wo
havo therefore copied tho speech as furnish
ed to tho Washington Globe by Mr. Ben
ton. (jy The storm of Friday, Saturday and
Sunday last, filled the streams in this vicini
ty tn overflowing, and occasioned some dam
age, though not very serious. The lumber
men on North Branch lost many logs by tho
gifing woy of booms, and will havo to suffur
soma in the recovery of some thousands
lodged along tho banks. Tho main jam was
at tho State Street bridge, in this village,
and for a time threatened to sweep away the
bridge. Messrs. Wilder, Putnam & Co.
were the greatest sufferers.
Very Good. In fixing times for the ap
pointment of town agents, tho Commission
er under the Liquor Liw for Orleans County,
(Lemuel Richmond,) says :
Tho object of tho law, under which I hold
mv appointment, is to prohibit tho saloj of
intoxicating liquors encept for Medical and
Chemical purpose. In tho selections of n
gents, to turnish them for those purposes,
tho Commissioner will endeavor to obtain
such as will net in accordance with-tho true
spirit of tho law. Should he by any inadver
tancy fail so to do, ho will on a proper show-
I ing, take an early opportunity to make n new
appointment The friends of tempennee,
, however, must bo aware that an agent is po
, culiarly liable to be deceived, and they should
not construe every such wrong sale into a
, wilful violation of official duty.
KnicUrlockcr fur May is well freighted
with tho grave nnd the goy. Ono of its best
contributors (Mr. Sh?lton) is to reside again
! at Mnntpelier, and instead of letters from
" Up" or " Down the River," Knick will get
them from some romantic point in the Green
Mountains and so make new friends in this
quarter.
'Vrmonf Central Itailroad. .llteratmn of
Time. A new time card went into opera
tion on Monday last. Two passenger trains
daily aro now run each vtay. Seo adver
tisement, on the first page.
f It is astonishing to toe what immense
quantities of corpetings are sacrificed at tho
New York auction tra.le sales. Tlie New
England Carpet Company of our city ore
, heavy purchasers at these sales, which ac
j counts for the immense quantities they sell
at such extraordinary low prices. Rich ta
pestry carpets they sell for 1,17 per yard,
which ordinarily sell for $1,75. Also, vel
vets, threo plys and ingrains, they sell for
leas than the cost of manufacture. They
arc now piling in from this source we should
think a threo years' supply, but we are in
formed by ono of their salesmen that they
will last scarcely as many weeks. We should
advise those who wish for a truly elegant
carpet for a low prce to call on them. Their
store is on Hanover Street at the corner of
Llm. Huston Post.
Few are aware how frequently Publishers
arc compelled to insert among their adver
tisements, statements, which they can imi
ther sanction or belicvo.
A pleasant exception to this agreeable ne
cessity ore the advertisements of Dr. J. C.
Ayer's Cherry Pectoral and Pills, which n ill
be found in our columns Wo have publish
ed for him before, and always with the feel
ing that in so doing wo in no wise lend our
selves to deceive or mislead the public, for
we havo had indisputable proof tint his
words are strictly true, with an abundant rea
son to believe that his medicinei will do si)
they promise, and all that can bo reasonably
expected from any medicine, (lis Cherry
Pectoral is too well known in this communi
ty to need any commendation from us, and
his Pills we aro credibly informed are not
inferior to his Pectoral. Providence Mirror.
The fyouiseille Hrcitemenl in the Hard
Case. iMuisvitlc, May I. A meeting of
tho citizens wus held on Saturday night,
w hen resolutions wore adopted requesting
Mr. Crittenden to resign his seal in tho
Senate, and Mr. Wolfe to resign his sent in
the State SenateJ nnd alto requesting Ward
to leave me c-iatc.
A mob proceeded to tho residence of tho
Ward family, and burnt effigies of Matthew
ana Robert Word ot tho front door. 'I'he
woodwork of the dwelling took lire, but tlie
fire was extinguished before much damago
was done.
Matthew and Robert Ward had been tried
for the murder of their schoolmaster, Butler.
Tho evidence was strong enough to convict
anybody except the son of a rich father.
Hence the public indignation at tho acquit
tal. OyTho attention of Temperance men in
this County is called lo the following notice,
from the Trcaaurcr of the Stato Temperance
Society :
The 250,000 Dollar Fund.
Castleto.k, April 11), 1831,
Thoso engaged in procuring subscriptions
to tho 230,000 dollar fund, to old tho cause
of Temperance in this State, although thev
have not yet completed their labors, ore re
spectfully requested to report to me, wuliuui
further delay, tho names of subscribers, their
place of residence, and the amount subscrib
ed by each, that it may bo ascertained what
progress is making to procure the amount
required. It is very desirable that this fund
should be immediately raised. Tho State
r.xeculivo tommittco havo no means at
their command, and I am not aware that
they will have any, to enable them to exe
cute the work intrusted to their care by the
Stato Society, until this fund is completed.
Tho Temperance men o, the Stato will,
therefore, seo tho necessity of. prompt action
in this matter. Those cniaued in nrocuriin
subscribers will please continue their effort,
and from time to time, make returns to me
of the sums subscribed.
Z1MRI HOWE,
Treasurer of S. T. S.
05"Vermont paper will please copy.
Hurlington Free Press.
Important from Mexico. The steaimhip
TeVKB nrriVM.l nf Kuiv ll.lt.n. .... ih. Ol.l.
inst, with dates from tho city of Mexico to
tho Itith inst A great engagement had
taken place between Santa Anna ond Alva
rez, in which the latter was routed. The
victory ot Santa Anna waa celebrated at the
camtal with (.rest reimeimr. A r.o.ioral.t.
- t - -j--ijb.iv.u, il
lumination took place. Other accounts stato
.!,. .l.a l..fn... .a - ..J 1 .
M.w.iviuij is a fiuivuious exaggera
tion. It it renorleil that tin. M nr.. ....
cently arrested in Uio schooner rata, near
juh uiu, iur lanuing wimoui passports, had
been carried, heavily chained, to Ihe capitol.
Among tho prisoners were 20 native Amerl
con, l'i adopted citizen, and 4 English
men. The Gadsden Treaty.- A Washington de
spatch says: "General Rusk's calculation
reduces the amount of land which will be
acquired by the new lmo of the treaty to III,
00u square miles, but the area is uncertain.
I'he line is south of Cook' wagon route in
1S10. Tho injunction of secrecy will nntbe
removed, but if the treaty be consummated all
tho papcis will be called for by the House."
(nngrni0.
Wr.n.iESDAT. Anril SC.
Sehatf.. In the Senofe, to-tlay.t Mr.
Pearco reported a hill appropriating $5000
for the purchase of the portraits of the first
five Presidents of the Uniled States, painted
by Gilbert Stuart, to be placed in the Presi
dent's mansion. Passed.
Tho Indian Approp'iation bill was then
taken up.
Ilnusr. Tho House, to-day, engaged in
the consideration of the motion to recommit
Mr. Bennett's bill for equalizing grants of
land to tho several Slates.
TitunsnAr, April 27.
Si-nate. Mr. Sumner presented the me
morial of tho Massachusetts Legislature in
favor of cheap postage.
House. Tho House took up tho bill
granting lands to the States for railroads and
educational purposes.
FninAT, April i!8.
Senate. Not in session to-day.
HousF. Tho House, to day, resumed tho
consideration of the bill granting lands to
tho States for internal improvements and ed
ucational purposei..
Mr. Rogers occupied tho morning hour in
a speech in favor ot the bill, advocating it as
a measure both constitutional -ndjust,
Mr Bennett's land bill was postponed , nnd
uio uouse went imo ioinrmuco on trio ucn -
ciency Bill
Mr. Giddlngs replied in a characteristic
speech to some rpmarks mado on Thursday
by Mr. Smith of Virginia, concerning John
Quincy Adams', and his, Mr. Giddlngs, own
course
Mr. Smith replied with much warmth.'
Mr. happ, of Ohio, spoke ngainst the Ne
braska bill, when the Committer roso.
The Speaker laid before the House a mes
sage from the President, enclosing copies of
correspondence between the British Minis
ter and the Stato and Treasury Departments,
relative to tho expediency of bringing forth
measures for the safety, health nnd comfort
of emigrants, ond commcndinrr the subiect
to the consideration of Conrm : referred to
. r.: " '
iommiuee on commerce.
Adjourned to Monday.
Mns u at. Mar 1.
House Took tip tho bill for tho con-
struction of military roads in New Mexico, the following telegraphic despatch from its
which was passed. I Copenhagen correspondent, and the informs-
A resolution was adopted, calling on tho 1 tign caused much excitement: " The Brit
Prcsident for oil correspondence with for- ish frigate Tribune has just returned from
eign Governments upon the Neutrality I Admiral Plumndgo's squadron, having taken
question. j five prizes and a number of prisoners !"
A resolution was also adopted calling for These ships had been for some tune un
copies of instructions furnished.our rcpre- der surveilance. They were laden with sul-
rcntativos aoroau relative to trie isianu oi
Cuba.
Tho House went into Committee on the
bill relating to organized territories
Debate ensued, and the House adjourned.
Tuf.spat, Alay 2.
Senate No business of importance in
tho Senate today.
The Indian Appropriation bill was discus
sed, and an amendment adopted, providing
for California Indians. Adjourned.
House. Mr. Richardson reported a bill
for admission of 'regon as a State.
A bill was passed providing for tho extin
guishment of the title of the Chippewa In
dians to lands in Wisconsin and Minnesota
Territory
Jlr. Wheeler niked leave to introduce
resolution authorizing tne secretary ot me
Navy to send a stea ner, suitably provided,
to search tor the missing Lity ut lilasgow.
Mr. Fletcher objected.
Tho House went into Committee on Terri
torial business.
When the Committee rose, the Speaker
laid before tho House a message from the
President, with documents relative to the ar
rest in Austria, of tho Itev. John Cook.
The House then adjourned.
The Plood in the Connetticvl. Spring
field. May I, Evening The flood has prov
ed tho greatest on record, tho water rising
fifteen inches higher than in 1:07 ; but is
is now falling
Railroad communication south, is entirely
suspended ; north partially so
No great damage has been done in this
city.
A larae part of West Spriugfipld is flood
ed, and many houses are partially under wa
ter. The railroad between hero and Hartford
is in a very bad stale; it is uncertain how
soon it can be repaired.
Three small houses st Warehouse Point
hive been carried off.
i'he water is falling ono inch per hour,
uiu . nuuui .-i. .vm mu.. mib ii u. i.a
n,.A u ..(,.,, 1. !... ...
greatest height
Hartford, M ly I. The greatest flood ev
er known in this city or vicinity, visited us,
the water being two le-t higher than in the
memorable flood of lnol, hsvin? reached
a height of 30 P-ct above low water mark 'rch and was received with the greatest
In the lower put of the city, all the houses enthusiasm. The army was being supplied
are full of water to tho Bccond storv, mclud-1 w"' money, ammunition ond clothes, so thot
ing Coil's armory, Tracy &. Phelps car shop, i l,,e ensuing campaign would open under bet
Woodruff & Reach's machine shop, and ah 1 ter auspices than that which closed so disas-
other manufacturing establishments in that
vicinity. Houses, barnes, and every de
scription of property aro bound down the
stream, rontons ol tho Aow Haven nnd
Springfield Railroad are three to four feet
under water, and of course impassible. -There
is no moans of know.ng tho amount
of damago dona Sonlh of this city. The
railroads are much damaged, but will proba
bly be made passable today or tomorrow.
The Willimitic road is impisahle.
'I'he damage to property in the city will bo
very heavy, und involve much suffering to
the poor peoplo that havo beon driven from
their homes. The Mayor lias ordered the
public buildings of the city to bo thruwn op
en for their ue, and also ordered out boats
to rescue such as aro in danger.
Important from .Veto Mexico. llatlle triM
Me Iiulians. We find in tho St. Louis Re
publican of the Sfith ult, the following do
spatch from Independence, 2ith:
Tho Santa Fe mail arrived yesterday,
bringing intelligence of a fight on tho 5th of
March, between a dctatchinent of men
under the commaiid of Lieut. I). Boll, of the
second dragoons, and a party of Jicarilla I
Apache Indians, number unknown. Tho
loss of the United States troops, was two
killed ond four wounded. The Indian loss
nine killed and twenty-one wounded. Tho
celebrated Apacho chief Lobos was among;
the killed.
On the OOtli March, another fight look
place, 12 milos from Loar, between a conqw
ny of sixty dragoons, commanded by Lieut
J. XV. Davidson, fimt dragoons, ond a party
of nearly three hundred Jicarilla Apacho
and Utah Indians. The soldiers suffered so
verely, loiing twenty -one killed and eigh
teen wounded The Indian loss is unknown,
but supposed to be very great. Another ro
port gives the number of soldiers killed at
forty. A strong force,' under command of
Col. Cook, are in pursuit of the Indians.
Twenty United States sol ters deserted
their post at fort Albuquerque on the 27th
ult, taking forty of tho best horses and oil
tho Colt pistols belonging to their company.
California emigrants are leaving daily all
in good health.
Death by Acciue.nt Mr. Moses Mor
rill, of Sutton, was killed on the 17th inst,
while engaged in felling trees. Ho had
cut a tree, and was pushing ngainst it to
mako it full in a certain direction ; a limb
fell striking lnra upon tho head, breaking
his skull, producing almost immediate death.
Ho was about 55 ycata old. He was form
erly a resident of Danville, from whence he
removed to the West where ho lost his wife,
and wo believe one or two other members of
his family ; returning to too East, he settled
in Sutton. Cafioiiiaii.
Smalu Pox. A French family in the
village of Snow's Store, . omfret, have been
sick the past week, with a disease, that tlie
physicians have pronounced to be small pox.
A large number were exposed before the
disea.se was known. Great exciiement ex
ists in the vicinity, and vaccination is going
on rapidly Randolph Herald.
03 The Cincinnati Gazette learns that a
large company of Poles and Hungarians,
from various parts of tho Western State,
left Cincinnati on Wednesday last, for New
York, on their way to Europe, for tho pur
poo ot joining the Turkish nrmy.
03"A new locomotive, ihe first of twelve
building at lwel!, of an entirely new pat
tern, drew tho express train from Lowell to
Boston in thirty-nine minutes; usual time
fifty minutes. This engine is for the West
ern Vermont Railroad Co.
Arrival of the Pacific at N. Y.
FOUR BATS LATER FROM EURO IT.
New Yoke, May I.
Tho Collins steamship Pocific, Captain
Nyc, from Liverpool lllth ult, arrived hero
at half-past I) o'clock this morning.
Liverpool circulars quote Cotlor. firmer
with sales of 20.000 bales for tho threo days'
prccceding the sailing of tho steamer.
Flour has advanced 1 a 2s. Wheat is al
so Od. per bushel higher. Corn Is. lower.
Mcllenry quotes Bacon quiet. Good
Beef scarco nnd wanted. Pork plenty, but
sales dull. Lord is selling at 52s. tollow
declining.
WAR MOVr.Mr.NTS.
Admiral Napier's wholo fleet had gone
eastward, to attack tho Russian fleet.
Navigation was open in tho Black So.i,
nnd the Allied fleets had sailed direct, with
tho intention of attacking Sebastopol.
By advices of tho tith April, it is under
stood that sanguinary skirmishes occurred
daily on the Danube.
Umar l'asha was said lo bo waiting the
, arrival ot the Allied armies lieloro ho would
make a general attack.
Tho Reports of tho Austrian having en-
1 "- nt-ma ure ooi couurmeu
England nnd Franco havo entered intr,
treaty, offstuive and defensive.
The recall of tho Prussian Minister from
Ixmdon, was on personal, not political
grounds.
LATEST BY TELEGRAPH.
A largo Russian forco was said to havo
entered Servia.
All tho Russian ports were declared block
aded. A portion of tho English and French
troops had readied GallipolL
No important actions havo occurred on
me llano do.
1 1. " !lT,n. V " ". lus.mn ""P"
ti . . t. .. .
- V"" l"u" UJ rm" neet m tho
i uamc.
ADDITIONAL FOREIGN NEWS
BY
THE PACIFIC
The London Times of ihn 17ih r..Mit,n.l
1 puur, lean, and other contraband articles
were last from Lubec, and on their way to a
Russian port in tlie Gulf of Finland.
1 Napier's fleet now musters .'17 sail, carry
ing 1,800 guns and over 18.000 men.
It was rumored that three French ships of
war would be withdrawn from the Hack Sea
to reinforco the Baltic fleet.
On the l'Jth, tho French squadron, under
Admiral Parseval Deschmcs. sailed from
I Brest to join tlie fleet in the Baltic under
I Napier. Letters from Stockholm of tho t'Hli
l confirm the stnteMvent that the Russians had
dismantled all the fortifications on tho islands
I of Aland and had retired with guns and
stores to the main land The fxar had fm -'ther
ordered that all pilots and men rapable
of benrmir arms should remove from the m.
innos 10 ine main land at 1- inland, and also
to remove or burn all ships and boats. 'I his
system of defence is to be pursued all along
the shores or the Baltic and the Black Sea.
Varna, April 1. The fleets have left in
the direction of Sebastopol.
Constantinople, April 0. The wholo flet
is in the Black .-ea.
Tho above are the only authentic an
nouncements received of the movements of
the fleets, but suir information has eked out
by private dispatches. It was rumored that
the bulk of the fleet had gono to ebatopol ;
but it waa more likoly it had gone to Odessa.
Correspondence from the latter port says, of
date 1st : " We ore here in a stato of great
excitement For several days past wetiave
seen many French and English sails. They
probably intend blockading us, for they don't
leave the spot, but keep always in sight.
l.a rgo masses of troops aro being concentra
ted here. Our garrmoii hero is at this mo
ment twenty thousand strong, nnd fresh men
arrive every day from Bessirabia. By all
this, it is quite clear that our place is not go
ing to be evacuated, but defended. e havo
mado up our minds here for tho worst, and
several families have already retired inland.
The forts are all armed, and tenia nr nitch.
i ed for tho troops in the outskirts of the citv.
:TI, ... ,1... .-1-1
. .., ii. ikhiu. .1, ma juurouia musi oe
entirely victualed from this place henco its
importance in in s war."
.Jim. Accounts from Erzcrum stato that
Zanf Pasha, Gfteral-in-chief of the army
to,?! Anatolia, arrived at Kara on the Cth of
trously in December. It u stated that tho
whole Kussian army is concentrated ntGum
ri, (Alexandrnpol.) which they ore fortifying
very strongly. 'I he capture of Guinri must
preceuo an attempts at aggressive move
ments on the pirt of the Ottoman comman
der. Tho voluntary service of tho Arab and
Kurdish tribe tn continually offered to tho
sorvico of tho hulian.
March 27, the frigates Sidon, Firebrand,
and .Magellan were detailed for tho purpose
of intercepting the supplies which tho Rus
sians may attempt to convey to their troops
now they have crossed the Danube. They
had orders to seize all ships found in com
munication with the Russian land force.
The English and French ships-of-wor on
the coast of Thessaly are ordered to search
all vessels suspected of having munitions of
war on board, and to seize those in which
they may be discovered. Ionian vessel
carrying passengers without passports are
also to be seized.
According to mcrcantilo letters from Con
stantinople of April il, Baron Bruck has issu
ed orders to all Austrian vessels toouit Con
stantinople. Probably the order relate on-
t0 Austrian vessel of war, in order to
avoid the importunities nfthn Tories I lint thev
shouldjoin tho allied fleets in the Black'Sea.
The Danube The Oest Deutsche Post
ot 10th learns from the seat of war that the
teto-du-pomt a Chcrnavoda has been taken
by storm. Eight thousand Russians at
tempted to storm Rassovat but were repuls
ed. On April 2, the attack was renewed.
Seven thousand five hundred men had been
landed lo reinforco Varna. The Cronstadt
tSattUitc of the 4th, announced the passage
of the Danube at Mmnitzo by Turks on
March 27, It was further rumored that tho
Turks had taken Turns, and were advanc
ing in tho rear of tlie Russians. No pitch
ed battle had taken place up to April il, eith
er at Kassava or Siiistna, but much fighting
and cannonading had been going on, from
March !)0 to April 7, in which time the list
of killed and wounded, especially of the Rus
sians, was much augmented.
Kalafat is again full of men, the present
garrison numbering -10,000. A correspon
dent writting from within the walls, dato
March Ul, says the Turks would advance
from tlie shelter oflho fortress in about ten
days, as they were only waiting for the grass
to spring as forage fer their horse. The
Turkish camp wus healthy; provision were
abundant On the Cth of April tho Anglo
French declaration of war against Russia
was read to tho troops at Kalafut, and was sa
luted wills a hundred saloos of artillery and
three rounds of musketry. Tlie news of the
declaration of war created immense excite
ment at Bucharest, and in consequence, B
ron Budberg, the Russian Governor of the
Dinubiau Provinces, had ordered the di
plomatic agencies of the Western Powers to
quit the Principalities within eight days.
Filteen thousand troops were daily expect
ed at Constantinople from Egypt, who will
Immediately on arrival bo forwarded to lis
tun, under tho escort of Eugluh and French
steamers.
Russian Movements. Additional re
serves are called out to Uio extent of 120,000
men.
A letter in the Cologne Gazetteo, from
Koningsberg, 'Mi, states that the Prussian
authorities have received an officii! notice
from Russia that a corps of Russian troop
in two divisions, with B0 pieces of jarlillery,
will take up a position between Meinel aid
Suwalki, The frontier of Russia is cloed
to all but Russians.
A report was current that the Grand Duke
Alexander, the huir-Drcsumntive to the Rus
sian crowu, i about to visit Germany, and to
maae a long stay, uiiuenrsiinuauce ai
lie, and afterward at Darmstadt.
IT