Green-Mountain freeman. [volume], May 03, 1882, Image 1

About Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884

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GREEN MOUNTAIN FKEMAX.
MOSTPEUEB.VT.
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Editor autl Proprietor
The FariKi. under the reeeot ltV of Conarrt
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i-nt outside Wuhlafton County, the poUce ie pbJd
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VOL. XXXIX.
MONTPELIER, VT., WEDNESDAY, MAY Ii, 1882.
NO. IS.
Noti-ts of IiaiiIis and 3.rr!!wri lneiiJ rratll.i-'i
MtunUel oliltuarr VHi'MuflVetrj-will l.ui-ii&x,fwit ;tl
. tliu talc ol .jeenu iierlltii.
Jrmtmti
UOXTPELEIt. VT.
WEDNESDAY, MAY I). 1882.
Composition lYiittic.
The practice of writing shait stories and
compositions, out onco in two or four
weeks, but ever j jy. is fraught with such
abundant results for good in evory scliool
whore it has been thoroughly tried that to
neglect this exorcise or pass over it by
spending only an hour or loss each week
or fortnight is to deprive pupils of ono ol
the most fruitful sources of improvement
that can come within tlio school room.
Some teachers object to such frequent ex
-raises beoause of the vast amount of work
necessary to correct the papers. T iey
vccognlza iho importance of requiring
iheir pupils to compose ofton, but the
labor of correcting twenty or thirty
gnarled papers a day is a damper -On their
nthuslastn. The result is that this most
vital branch of education is neglected d
after day and year after your.
To mako good writers two things are
necessary constant excreis t'i writing
awl iiUcl'ipcnt criticism Either alone
wiliiioot little use, but together the
produco surprising results.
Tho following, taken partially from.
western school paper, is subsitintlally ib
plan usod by good teachers overywbor...
wuh such modifications, of course, a
exporienco ami tact may snggi-nt: II
tiiro from live to ten to go to tle black
1) iard and all tho others to write at tlieu
dusks on slatoa or paper, as nmj be oon
v nient When all aro ready say to tbeni
111 it you want each one to write a shun
0 y. and giv just, live minutes to do ii
in; and ns tho most difficult part of the
work is to mate up thuir minds wh it to
wrno about yoa will do that for thorn
Then repeat some such expression as this:
"Just then tho carnage was overturned
and tho horso commenced to run," or.
" As wo noaro.l the water tho boat came
ill sight nround the point;" and toll all o
write it and soo how much thoy can :id
to it in Ave minutes.
The expression you havo used presents
to each ono a vivid mental picture, and b
tho time they havo written it they will bt
ready to go ou till the time is up.
After this occupy ns much timo as you
can afford in criticising, in a spirit of kind
nass, tho work on tho blackboard. In
this way over? person in the room will
have tho benefits to bo derived from aiding
in tho correction of tho exercises ou the
hoanl, Iho teacher, lucaniime, giving
reasons for changes und making such re
marks as may bo neeossnry.
Suppose exercises similar to this were
t o be given with tho samo regularity that
lessons in geography and arithmolio are,'
from thu primary grndo though tho high
school, and what would bo tho result?
Would there not bo a facility, accuracy
aud versatility of expression which would
in! far inoi o valuablo to tho pupil than the
power to grapple with mathematical
iiti.i.'les'.' Skill iu literary composition
must bo cultivated so that tho ability to
execute, must keep pace with tho develop
nieiilnf the literary taste. Bocause thin
is not done young pcoplo become thjr
oughly discouraged ; they find their effort
crude and uncouth while thoir taste is
ijuite sensitivo and accurate.
Will our readors try this exorcise, noi
onca or twice, but m ike it a part of every
day's work wock aftor week, and hoc if it
does not pay and pay well?
Imj'Oktaxt Rlt.es oi CoNDt!i Never
oxHggi-rato.
Never point at anothor.
vor butrny u confldeneo.
N vcr loavo home with unkind words.
Nver noglect to call upon your frieua
Never laugh at tho inistonunes of oth
ul;.
N-ver givo a promiso that juu do not
fulfil
iicvor send a present, hoping for ouo in
ro urn.
Never ..peak much of ygur own per
formauces
Never fail to bo punctual at tho time
appointed.
Never make yourself the hero of joui
own ftoiy
Never pick teeth or clean tho nails in
couipany,
.Never fail to give a polite auswer to a
civil question.
Never prc?cnt a gift, saying it is of no
US" to yourself.
Never question a servant or child
Joncirning lannlv manors.
N-cr read loiters which you may find
addrcstod to others.
Never fail, if a gontlcniau, of being
civu and polito to othora.
Never call attention to tho features or
form ot any ono present.
N vor refer to a gift ynu havo made, or
a favor you have rendered,
N vcr ttusocialo wiin bud company
!h i' rood company or none.
Novor look over iho shunlder of aujther
wi i reading or wriliDg.
Never appear to notioo a scar, or delbr
ini' , or delect of any ono present.
Never arrort tho attention of an ac
iuaini!Uico by touch: Speak to him.
Never punish your ohild for a fault to
which yoa have addicted yourself.
Never answer rjiipstions iu geuoral
company, that have boen put to others.
Never, while traveling abroad, bo over
boast til in your praiso of your own
CM mry.
Never call a uow iicijuainlanco by the
Christiiin name, unless requested to do so.
Neve r lend an urticlo )ou have borrow
ed, unless you have permission to do so.
Never attempt to draw tho attention of
the company constantly upon yourself.
Never exhibit nngor, impatience or
excitement, when an accidont happens.
Never pass between two persons who
are talking together, without an appolo
gy.
"Xener enter a room uoisily; Never fail
to close tho door after you, and nover
slam it.
Ni vor forget that, if you are faithful in
a few things, you may bo ruler over
many.
Nevor exhibit too great familiarity with
now acquaintance; you may givo
i if Fence.
Never will a gentleman allude to roti-
I'tosts which ho may havo made with
litilie-.
Never b- guilty of tho contemptible
inenuut'bs of opening a private letter
addressed to another.
Nevor fail to offer tho easiest aud best
.'ejt In tho room to au invalid, ou cldorly
pei'MD. or a lady.
Never neglect to perform tho commis
sion which tho frlcud intrusted to you.
Von mitt not forget.
Never send your guest who is accustom
ed to a warm room, off into cold, damp,
spnre bedroom to sleep.
Never entor a room filod with people,
without a slight bow to tho general com
pany when first entering.
Novor fail to answer an invitation,
either personally or by lcttor, within a
week after tho invitation is roeeived.
Never accept of favors or hospitalities
without rendering an exobange of civilities
when oppori unity offers.
Never cross the log or put one foot iu
lie street, or places whore it will troublo
others when passing?.
Never fail to tell tho truth. If truthful,
you may cot your roward. You will get
your puai-hinent if you deceive
Never borrow money and neglect tb pay.
if you do, you will soon Wo known as a
leron of no business integrity.
JTcver writo to another asking for
information or a favor of any kind, with
out enclosing n postage stamp for tho
reply.
The Invention of Railroads.
I'.V ANNA CONTENT.
Do tho little boys and girls who daily
seo the trains dashing along on tlrcir irou
mads across i he country, und now and then
g t on them (or a short trip of sixty miles
ir eo, which will only take them a fow
hours think of lbs little hoys of a hundred
years ago. who wore days in m iking tho
same journey, and who, if they h id seen
a loonmotivo oms-ini tho country, w mid
a ve run home In a torribio fright, deolar
mg that, a fiend of dar-nexs had just passed
hy? Tor a hundred years itgo.locumottves
were unknown. All tho work which tnoy
low do wms iben done bv hor."es A hnril
line the p or ihings hud. especially in the
mming districts of K gland, whoro the
nal wa drawn many miles to n seaport
iwn, wheneo it was carried by ships tu
he various trroal cities. It, was owing tu
no tlTins niNilo to lighten tho work ol
ho hoises that milnmds were invented
First planks wero laid down forthe wagon
neels to tuu on. Theso wcro not alto
gether convenient, and a good mnnv
luprovemonis wero mado. Mr Uuiriin
vas foremost in thkaud for hi in tho road
vero called Oulram roads This was
tftorwards Hhurlencil down to traiu reads,
bieb name is si ill ued lor them in some
.aits of England This was how the rail
road cuino into existence Iu liHl. in a
e tic cona:o uniting the mines of Nun h
umbor and, George Stephenson was born.
Vlmost tho first thing his baby eyes resiod
upon was'ho horses dngijinjj the heavy
eoal wagons along tho tramway that pass
d tho door. Tho release of tho poor ani
uals was near, fur tho owner of those
iviby ejos vas to chango tho entire method
if convey anco and travel. As his parents
vere poor a d he was ono of many uhil
dron, George Siephenson was born to hard
work. When very young, he picked coals
at the mouth of the pit Thon he watchod
cnttlo for Boino neighboring farmer. At
fifieen ho became a fireman, and not loug
afterward an cnginoor. lie had no chance
to go to school, but ho mado little models
of enginos whilo tending tho cattle, and
learned to road by tho light of his engine
fire. Ho would never spend his ovonings
t tho public house, wasting timo and
monoy drinking and smoking, but in tho
kiichcn at homo or by his engino tiro he
mended shoes aud clocks, by which he
mi(ht lay by a littlo for tho future, or
studiod tho works on mechanics of which
no was so fond. At this timo there was
much discussion about tho possibility of
using steam power to movo tho coal wag
ons." Stationary engines wero placed at
intervals along tho lino, to wind up the
ropes to whicii tho wagon was attachod
This proved to be cxpensivo and gained
no hing iu spocd so it was given up.
There woro many movahlo engines at
tempted, but they wore too clumsy and
heavy to be of any uso. The attempt was
not to mako a new engino, but by
means of a cogged rail and wheol, und a
side movement, to turn their stationary
engines (whioh were of course too clumsy),
into locomotives. A trial trip was made
with one of the enginos, to tho great hor
ror of tho inhabitants round aliout, who at
sight of the hissing montor,gpittiz smoke
nd Dro iled to their homes with tho dire
conviction that Satan had como to take
possession of tho earth.
During this timo George Stephenson had
been making calculations, and he now de
clared that be could mako an engine which
would movo great weight and go with
great speed, yet run with smooth rails on
a smooth track. This provoked great
ridiculo from other cuuineers, but with the
help of a friend, ho proved bis words trno
hv manufacturing a couple of engines to
run on eno of tho narrow tram ronds
Thoso wore in a way successful, but weio
still eiumsy, for tho workmen wcro all
unikdled.
Gporgo btophousou was uow convinced
that locomotives could be made a groat
success, hui it was hard to get others to
aereo with him, for the people were narrow
minded and superstitious, and did uot like
giving up i ho old ways. Tho great cnci
nerr mot w th much opposition, and wa
oilled a fool, madman, and many bard
names Still, he did not givo np He
persuaded a number ot woalthy men to
lay n railroad between Iindon and Man
nes'er flu' after making the survey,
tbev could not get their bill through
parliament. It was opposed In every way.
People declared that the i-mofee and sleam
would cause all the animals to die, and the
hints to leave tho country, and all toe
children would Ixconio idiots because of
the terrible frights they wou'd reeoive.
After several trials, tho bill passed both
houses of parliament, and tho road wa3
built. Tho company ifired n pn'zu for
the best engine that auuld be produced.
This prio was gained by George Stephen
son s ' Rocket,' wdich ran nsainsl live
engines nnd boat thorn all l'eoplo soon
came to seo tho valuoof tho new invention,
and instead of driving cff the surveyors
with sticks and clubs, bribed them tocome
ns near as possible, after tho establishment
of the first successful railroad.
They came into common uso very rap
idly, unl Georgo Stephonson was called
what ho truly was, "a gicat inventor,"
and yet ho was hut a simple, solf-taught
engineer. Unl bo was a mag who spent
bis spare moments in thought and study,
instead of drinking and frolickine. as did
many ol the other mon, and the result was
this most wonderful invention. Church
und Home
S.UOKI.Ni; IN THB 01' LAUIES.
It is sign of weakness for a woman to
submit to sucb fin outrago as to have
tobacco smoko befouling tho air she has
to breathe To protest against wrong is
the right of every ooc. On tho womoa
of our land lies tho duty of combating
tliis tobacco (lend which is sapping the
health and lllo of our people To court
mnlra M rl nrnfo.a tn litra 1 1 allh.-
' HTmnre!iw er a. aa hi., a.tt twi f. r
sign of a depraved tasto which needs
purifying. Lot every woman refuse pos
itively to alluw smoking in her presence.
She will thus do her share in ridding the
world of a filthy and health destroying
habit, and show that she has at least an
appreciation of cleanliness and womanly
rcUuomeut. Tho qualities whioh wonld
guide her actions in doing this would win
for her the admiration of all men whose
powers of appreciation aro capable of
soaring above that which is vmna.
thrnlil of Urn!!,.
ii w i.om;fei.lov
T'ic grave ha o'or the poet cloioit
nis "Psalm of Life la auur.
Anil mourning: echoes vakeLcrv'cr
la heard the Eng-Uiib tourue.
True ehUd of nature: time itself
Will keep Uiy mem'rr ffreea
lQ"Utawatua,s,"fcUrrlUK atr.ilii.
In aad "Tana-olioe."
The Village niocliBtulth" lorn; nlli utrAc
I:a f parka of aimpte fire.
"Kscelilor" will point tuo way
To earnest life and ulUtT.
tarth'a "Voices of the NhflU" were huaiii-tl
When "Aniol'a rootsteps" trod.
To bear that ventle spirit home
To hrmn the praise of OoU.
There is no need. In feeble versu
To Map the world-wide pralno
Of him. whoso honored narac:a:1o;u
XIls own immortal Urs.
A woeplmr country, mournlnworlil,
Hla fun'ral dim prolong;
And wreath tu. layB of fame arouiul
Their glorious son of soni;!
tIeorirevUle, April 6, les-.
I
Easter Apple Blossoms,
Never a prettier maiden tripped houie
from church on the blessed Christmas
morning than winsomo Cclestlne Odea
Her sweet bright face, encircled by the fur
lined hood of her scarlet cloak, was almost
as brown ns a gipsy's; her largo tender
eyes were qui to as brown ns the hazel-nut
when it first falls lroiu ttie tree at au
tnmn's bidding; and her liair rippling
over her low toreliearj nearly to nor lovely
arched eyebrows, with here aud there a
glint of gold appearing and disappearing
in the most delightlnlly unexpected man
ner.was browner than eiibor. And with all
this wealth of wartnot brown was min
gled a woa th of glowing crimson, tinting
tho small chin end the tips of the little
ears with a faint hue like that which the
early orchard flowers know, bnt making
Mho softly rounded checks and prettily
I curvod mouth to rival in beauty of color
I tho summers red, rod rose. Slio wa
a poor lutle maidun, tho only chihl of a
widowed mother, this charming Coles
lino; but Miss l'aiilino Htalil, the rich
firmer's daughter, albeit just returned
from a fasbionablo boarding school, was
not half so araeeful nay, nor lnif so re
Qaed as she Tho sound of 1'auline'
voice floated back to her, as sho hnsioncd
Homeward this frosty, sunny Christm is
morn, from Iho sleigh in which tho farm
eir's daughter and tho handsomo young
gentlomun visiting at tho farmer's house
drove bv. It was a morry sound. "And
a it should be," thought Celestinc. " She
is rich, and almost a beauty, und has n
tear laihor n well as a uoar mother to
care for and lovu her. And ohl what a
siileudid lover sho has! lor I supposo he
13 her lover. They mako a Quo pair, both
it the same height (I wish I woro a few
niches taller), though I think it would be
nctter if sho wore u littlo darter. Rho is
almost as lair as he, hut bis hair is bright
r and bis eyes are a darker blue, lie has
h -aven-born eyes."
From all of which it will bo seen that
our gip?y facod tnaidon must have studied
tho face of tho stranger thoroughly, shy as
had been tho lew glances stio bat! cast his
way as ho bad sat opposi e her in the
village church. "Heigho!" the girl sighed,
still communing with horselfns she rapidly
left tho dainty tracks of her little feet on
i he crisp whito snow. " I wonder if any
ono will ever como a-courting me any
ono, I mean, that I should liko to como a-
courting." And then sho blushed, nud
throw a quick glance nbotit her as though
a thought could be beard, and if it could
havo boon, by tho oocupauts of a sleigh
a mile away, or any of tho various friends
and neighbors who had turned into tho
lanes and roads leading to thoir homes,
lea iug hor the siuglo ligurc iu tho land
scape for hers was the last cottago on the
road from tho church. Druno, tho big
dog, flew to moot hor at tho gardon gato;
and pausing a moment under the leailoss
branches of tho old applo trco to pat his
shaggy head, sho suddenly rcmetubored
the quaint superstition of which her mother
bad told her the night before how the
young girls iu that part of sunny France
trom which her grandmothor came wcro
wont to pluck tiny applo boughs on Christ
mas morning, plaoo them in flasks of wa
ter, and hang them in tho windows of
their own rooms, to bo watched eagorly
until the Easter drew near, aud then if but
ono apple blossom camo to gladden tho
sight of her who walchod.so surely would
she be a brido beforo tho year was out;
and, standing on tiptoe, sho broke a slen
der branch from tho tree and carried it,
hid beneath hor scarlet cloak, to hor
cheerful oozy room beuoath tho cottage
eaves. Hero sho took tho only pretty
flask she had (Tom l'ray had si von to hot.
filled with ro) perfume, for a New Year's
gift, two voars beloro), and Idling it with
clear, soft water from tho pitcher on hor
tabic, she planted tuo uough ttieroin, and
swung it with a silken cord bctweou tho
snow white curtains of hor window. On
this window (it faced tho south) tho sun
shino fell almost all day, aud gleamed and
glowed and rainbowed in the cutglass
Uisk, and wanned and cuecrotl tuo unly
wea branch, uutil, forgetting its parout
troo, it began to grow and bnd, aud lo nud
heboid! iho very clay before faster, n sub
tie fragrance floated through the atlic, and
the buds had burst into dolicato pink-white
blosoms
Away wont Cclcstino with the llisk in
hor hand to seek her mother from whom
.ho had nover kept n thought sinco llrst
sbo could give thought speech.
The widow, n brisk, brigh -eyed body,
proof of whose Trench origin was found
in evory irregular feature of hor dark face,
knaading tho bread in tho kitchen a
pleasant room that opened on the back
porch. Ontsido in tho garden tho fowls
wero crowing and clucking, and every tow
and men a s'rong ureeze swopl through
I he kitchen door, nud entering the room
by tho open wiudow, touched tho cap
-trings ol i lie bread matter ami mane them
to float liko streamers upon tho air.
Celeslino hastened to close tho window
and sot the door a littlo ajar instead, as
hor mother, looking up trom hor work,
aid, smilingly: " What havo you boen
doing so long, lazy ono? Why havo you
not come to Iho help of your poor old
mother before?
"Poor old mother!'' repealed the girl
with a merry laugh. You oro younger
and brighter this moment than your
datigtor. But soe motbor doar, ono, two,
throe apple blossoms, and thoro need be
but one. I am suro to bo a brido before
tho year is gono "
" And ro you so glad of that, Tiua:"'
asked tho mother with mock reproach.
"So glad to think of leaving mo and tho
dear old cottage wuore you wcro born
And pray who is to be tho bridegroom i"
" I shall nut leave yoa, and I do not
want to leave tho cottage. And who the
bridegroom is to be I haven't the slightest
idea." replied Tina, with another merry
laugh. " Tbero is no ono in this place I
should ever care to have lor a sweetheart,
not even Tom l'ray, poor fellow, who has
been so kind to me for many years since
we were childron togotber. Ob, mother,
if I could only tlaio to dream of a lover
like Pauline's! llo was at charcb with hor
again yesterday, and I peeped at him a
lone time over niv prayer-book."
" That was a nanghty thing to do," iu-
torrupted her mother.
" Tes, mother, but I hope to bo forgiven
for it." said Celostina, demurely. " And
on, mother, he looked even handsomer
than be did on Christmas morning! Re
has lovely eyes, and tbey are full of good
neS3 ust euota eyes as Bruno would trust
the moment be looked into them. And
his smile, mother, is like tho Bmilo of the
saint, in your fnvorito picture. They look
well together, bo and Paulino, but it would
bo belter, I think, if she were not quite so
fair."
"That ol iectlon could uotnnnlv to vou.
Tina," said ber mother, mischievously, as
she gave the big loaf a last poke or two.
nnu dropped it into tuo baking-pan.
"To me, motbor?" laughed the girl.
"Ah, no! liut thoro are many much
more serious objections to me : I am poor ;
I am not pretty; I am not accomplished.
So line a gontloman would novor give me
a thought, nor should I be bold onough to
think of him except as of anything else
uoautilul that tiofi Ham made. 1 vlow him
with my father's eyes the eyes of an
artist. Did tbo applo blossoms ever prove
false, momorr it scorns hard to believe
that such innocent, lovely things could,
llut in my caso I fear '' "
A sharp rap at she door broke in upon
her speech, and stopping to it, with the
flask holding tho applo bough still in ber
hand, sho opened it wide. In ouo instant
ber wholo lace glowod with tho crimson
of ber cheeks nnd lips, for thero stood be
of tho " lovoly oyos " and " tho smilo of a
saint."
" I beg your pardon," liu said, " but I
havo been knocking for some ton minutes
nt tho front door, and because of the wind,
I supposo which sounds mere like a
March than an April wind could not
make myself heard. So I ventured nround
this way. You are Mrs. Odoar"' address
ing tho widow, who was vaiuly trying to
brush the llonr from her hands with her
gingham nprou.
" I am. Won't you come in, sir.'" sho
answered
' No. thank you. not uow. I havo callod
to reqtiost your presence at Mr. Stahl's to
morrow morning nt 10 o'clock. You will
bo uuedod as a witness iu bis suit against
his neighbor, Abel Stowe, in which I nm
etainml." And replacing his hat. he
nanded her a card and di?aprcared almost
as suddenly us he came.
Sylvester I'armentcr. coitnsollor-at
law," read Celostino. " Perhaps ho s not
bar lover, alter all. Hut oh, mother, how
loiig do von suppose ho had been nt that
dooi ?"
liut that sho never found oui. until tho
morning of her wedding day. when Svl
vestor said to hor: " Tho apple blossoms
ltd not prove false, darling: but thev
might have dona so, if in mv case tho old
ttdago, 'Listeners hoar no good of thorn
selves,' had prowl true" Harper's
rrcfMy.
V Southern Vien 0RI10 Yankee.
Tho iudgfl then passed to tho considera
tion of the Yaukoo sooially, prefacing his
remnrk' by saying that no man south had
imhiiiod and fostered stronger nrelndicos
against our V tnkee friends than ho. He
had seen tho Yankoo in all tho busy avoca
tions of life, in ovorv variety of business,
political and nonio association, and of the
impressions so formed Ii8 desired mainly
to speak in the plainest and simnlest
manner. Ho would go to Now England
to find in their town meetings the pureBt
democracy in tho world, and contrasted
tho New llngland town meeting, where
nil the citiKiins met and took nut in tho
local legislation, each township, corre
sponding with our civil districts, lovytng,
collecting and expanding its own taxes.
with our cumbrous county court systoni.
Tho spoaker spoko in admiring (arms of
tho simplicity, economy and effectiveness
of tho New England system ; its great
effect as a capital school for teaching the
principles ol practical govcrnmonl; its
freedom from narrow partisan ends.
jobbery and fraud; its pure bnsiness
character, and stated that tlio towns sys
tem nan "done more man nuy other
agency to infuso into Now England that
pluck, energy, activity and force which
has placed her in tlio forefront of tho
rvation m achievement nnd prosperity,"
Tho lecturer had been nartieularlv im
pressed with the homo life of tho Yaufeec;
nis good fiousos, llictr couvemonco and
neatness, thorough ropair, fresh paintod
foncos nnd out buildings. .More especially
ho epoko of tho maimer in which tlio
mistress of tlio home performed her duties
neatness, order and good taste prevail
ing throughout licr domain. "She is
always prepared lor anything, and com
pany cannot tnko her by surprise." lie
told of some pleasing incidents in his uwn
eiporiuuco to illustrato how women of
highest mental power, educational attain
ments, social refinement and even of great
wualtb, took pride in "their ability to
eater tho khebeu aud proparo a meal fa
for a king or any other mortal." A
wealthy merchant had stated lo liuu lhat
ho desired his daughter to bo independent
in her own household when sho luid one;
to be queen of tho kitchen ns well as ihe
parlor, and tlio lecturer commented : "In
tho multiludo of charms aud accomplish-
monts which slwno in the diadem of iho
Yankee wife and girl whom 1 have uien
tiouod, not ouo glittered less brightly ou
account of their practical knowlodgo mid
discharge of housohold duties, but, on tho
contrary, added a bistro to the light
which caused all lo beam with greater
effulgence." In every house, newspapers
Hnd magazines woro to bo found. The
Yankoo reads both sides, and gonerally
tuki-s two nowspapers oi his own political
(uitli and the bust and strongest of the
opposite parly, and is always ready to
meet an argument, no is good-natured
undor the fiercest criticism. They langh
at the gibes and abuso of our nowspapers
and nuliuciaus, and continue to manulao
ttiro goods for our markets.
Tho lecturer denied tho common charge
'hat tho Yankeo lacks in hospitality.
Whilo uot so diffusive and demonstrative
ns tho soul burner, he is none the lass
earnest, and in his quiet, noiseless way,
most cnroiui, uinn anu considerate. On
this subject the judge referred siiunlv and
appreclativoly to tho consideration he had
reecivod at tho hands of Ki Senator
Hamlin's family, in liangor, as ciompll
fying tho caroful and unostentatious
manuer of Yankeo hospitality, iu which
instance the senator bud boon attacked by
a democratic paper for entertaining n cx
rchol brigadier, bad responded to the
attack at ft republican mooting (it was
during a heated political canvass), and
had referred to his guest in most conpli
mentary terms, while ncilhor .Tudgo Key
nor his family wcro allowed to know of
the incidont, which might havo marred
thoir visit, until aftor they left Dangor
and accidentally saw Mr. Hamlin's spoech
in print.
Tho speakor staled that no doubt his
hearers thought his opiuiou of tho Yankeo
generally favorable, and would inquiro
wbethor ho had no faults. Yes, ho had
his full share of faults, but ho preferred
not to dwell upon bis failings, until ho bad
exhausted tbo good that might bo said .of
him, and much as he had said, much
remained to say. llo told tbo anecdote
of tho kind spoaking neighbor Smith and
bis bad neighbor Jones, aud preferred to
represent Smith.
After having seen tlio Yankeo at his
firesido, his table, In his workshop,
on his farm, at his counter
everywhere, he had concluded that bo is
a good fellow, and he liked him. "I have
grasped bis hand, looked him in the eye,
and said to him. 'Our quarrel Is ended.
We are friends.' My regard for him in
no wise diminishes my respect, sympathy
and affection for tho people of this section
of the country with "whom my life has
been passed, to whom I owe so much,
and with whom tbo remnant of life will
be spent. I have bnt extended tho circle
that embraces my kindred until it
includes Our Yankoe Cousin. lnrl;c
Key, in Chaitnnomin L'mitmernal.
nuat May He Learned of Agriculture
i r oni insiorj.
I A liper real atsmeetluir uf the n , ,r l ,,f Ariiiil
urebji:. rribMeof I'oulliie.v.
It is probable that I may digress from
the topio which has bocu announced as my
subject for this occasion, yet I hopo to
include nothing iu my paper which may
not properly bo considered in a meeting
of this character.
In tho many historical works, goueral
and local, which Vennonters havo pro
duced, wo find but little bearing upon tho
history of agriculture; yet most intelligent
citi.ens of the sialo have a very good
general knowledge uf its history.
Thompson, in his history of 'Vermont,
says: "With scarcoly any tools but an
ax the first sottlcrs entered tho forests,
olearcd off the limber from a small piece
of ground, cut down trees to n suitable
length, and by the help of a few neigh
bors reared their log houses nnd covorod
ihom with bark. Theso afforded shelters
for their families, and by perseroring
industry Ih.iy were soon onablod lo raiso a
littlo llax and wool, which were spun and
woven and colored nnd made into clothing
by tho females fur homo and Sunday
wnar."
Tho lirst settlers fouud tho landa covered
with a forest; thero wero no cleared
lands in Vermont until cleared by the
pionceis in the settlement. I
It would be impossible for me tu go
much into detail in tho history of ngricnl
liiro in this state, und I apprchsnd it is
not.importanl to do so; certaiuly not with
tho lino of thought I bad for nivsolf mark
ed out for this occasion.
1'rum my Poultnoy history, wirtlen iu
1874 and published in 1870, 1 cony the
following: " During the first half contury
aftor tho settlement of tho town thero
woro fow ehangos worthy of note in tho
modo of farming. Tho same farm imple
ments first in use wero kept in uso with
very little ohsuge or improvement until
after 1H20 tho clumsy wooden plow
hicli was mannfacturod anvwhero u
third rato blacksmith could be found
(almost any man could do thu wood work)
About Vi'io a plow with nn iron aould
hoard was oflerod for salo in Ponltnny
for tho first time. It had boen introduood
in the stnte of Now York and the middle
states somo years prior to this time and
was thore gradually working its way into
use; but tuo farmers ot Poultncy nnd
vicinity for some time would not bay it.
t hey said it would break It might work
on western and southern lands where
thore woro no stones, but it would never
do among tlio rocks aud stones of Vor-
ruont they woro suro of that. Hut after
a time n few farmers, after much urging,
were iuduced to try it. Ono aflor another
saw its superiority, aud beforo 1840 the
old wood plow was among tho things of
thu past.
Mora recently uutny now farm implo
meuts have como into use, and tho old
ones kept in use much improvod.
Mowing mnchinos, which now culucsriy
all of the farmers' grass, aro of sjuito re
cent origin. It may bo twenty years
since tho lirst mowing machine was scon
iu Poultncy. hut not more than ten or
twelve sinco it camo into general use
bora bear in mind this was written in
1874. In 1X2.1, if wo had visited tho
mcaaowof some prosperous fanner on a
pleasant July day wo might havo soon six
or oight stalwart mcu enter at 7 o'clock In
tho morning with Bcythos ground ready
for n day's work. Ouo of tho number
would "set in," the others would follow,
and " go rontid a piece " of live, six or
eight acres. Each would go forward in
his turn, and thus they would chase each
other around until noon, or until tho grass
on iho piece was cut down, not forgetting
at each round to stop aud take n drink.
Knin was then in every bay field.
If wc had visited tho samo .meadow iu
187o, instead of six or eight men coming
In at 7 o'clock, wo might havo scon ouo
man, with a span of horses drawing a
mowing machine very coolly enter the
meadow abont 0 o'clock iu tho forenoon.
He, too, would go round a piece and cut
it by noon, uuly onco or twice, perhaps,
leaving his neat on the mower to get a
drink of water no nun. Tho other help
might havo been found iu the forenoon iu
tho dairy room, in the garden, sailing the
catlle. doing some necessary work about
tho promises or prrh'ipv about town on
crrauds."
I will next call your ulleuliou lo the
condition of firms nud farming fifty years
ago. and I do this iiu the trotigth of my
own recollection: Tho forest mould which.
had !ccn accumulating for ages was not
then worn out. I was born and reared on
a farm iu Middlotown, a lown adjoining
Poultncy on the east, and I well remom
ber tho condition of that farm and tho
farms around it at that date, nud it is fair
to infer thai farms aud farming iu Ver
mont wore then like unto those with which
I was familiar in my boyhood in thoir
productiveness and general management.
I think a little moro than fifty years ago
there was iu tho vicinity where t livod
quito a demand fur rye for the maiitifnc
turoof whisky. My lather, encouragod
by this demand, plowed up tweiily-iivo or
thirty acros of his pasture an I .sowed it
to rye, nud had the heaviest crop I ever
saw". T think, and it may bo proper to
relate an incident here in that connection,
a luau by tlio namo of Thomas Morgan
was our nearest neighbor. Mr. -Morgan
had been a soldier of ihe revolution, at
least long ouough lo bo in tho battlo of
Ilonnington, und was tho very first settlor
of tho town of Middlotown. llo also bad
a picco of ryoof ten acres adjoining my
faihcr's ryo field, aud liimsolf, uiy fathot
and sevoral othors wore together iu con
templation of commencing tho reaping
grain was then, In the main, cut with the
sioklo evou tho grain cradle had not
come much luto nsc. Wbilo looking ft
tuo rjc ami ttdiini iug 11s im j;o siuniu,
some ouo offered to make a bet that if Mr.
Morcran would 20 ton rods Into that rye
he could not be scon frem outside. Mor-J
gun was a very tall man about six feet!
four inches. This cot up a littlo amuse
ment, and Mr. Morgan " went In." Doing
thero myself to bring drink and Kirform
such othor service as a boy ceuld do, 1
watched Mr. Morgan intently, as any
other boy would under the oiruumsUnccs.
Ho was btwn lost to viow, and wo could
only know his whereabouts by the motion
of tho rye heads as ho proeeoded.
My supposition is mat tno lanus uau at:
that day deteriorated to somo oilont, but
not very muou, as 1 won remomucr mat
tho lands of my father's farm would all,
except whero rocks came to tho surface,
produco good crops, and that without tbo
application of fertilizers ; aud this I know
was true of other farms iu the same town.
But aftor that year they gradually lost -
their fertility, and thai samo farm on
which I was raised fifteen yeara ago would
not produce half I tbiuk not ovor cue-
third what It wonld luly yoars ago. i wo
or threo years ago I visited that farm. I
walked over every part of it that I might
rovivollio iBOtnones oi my uriy uajs.
That pasture which grew suuh tall rye
fifty years bofore was covered with shrub
known a3 hardback. Any one acquainted
with that shrub would know that the land
on which it grows will not produco tnncli
feed or much of any othor crop. Hard -
backs, like the daisy, kluo weed aud some
other plants that aro infesting niauy farms
in Uiese latter yoars, aro. as I think, piirely
the product t'f exhausted soils. It iscer-
tain they Uo not grow on any otuoi.
Pcrhaus it would not be out of place
hero to relate a conversation I had with a I Salo for casli at remtiuoratlvo prices. I ' aud iustruution; it will encourage thorn, it
well-to-do farmer threo or four years ago. 1 bavo known several insuinoes this fall in i will stimulate other bovs, and tho great
living some six miles from my placo : I j which potatoes trout a given piece of land lesson to bo learned from it, in my judg
was passing by his house when ho ciino soij for inure than tho land 011 whioh they intent ia to show what one may do if lie hat
out, aud together, on his invitation, wo werc grown would sell for. Of courso wo lltc wilt lo ilj '?, whether boy or man. It
passed along a few rods until we enno cannot expect this will be followed up, Is not prohiblc lhat I lie hoy werenny
alongside of his meadow, where thoro as it Is not probable that p-laUts will sell
were next to tho roadside several acres ! is high every year as this,
growing as lino timothy ns I ever saw. It j In addition to the advantages which havo
was then about tho first of July. He thon come to tho farmer by tho modern means
gave a brief history of bis management of transportation, thero aro other very
by which in it fow years, lio had brought important advantages that havo orison iu
"POIn0 twenty to twenty-live acres which 'the tiine.snch as the improvement in farm
bad produced about half a tn to the acre, implements, improvement in livo stock,
now to cut nearly two tons to tho acre; advauco in agricultural scienoe.the increase
bnt pointing to anothor meadow fifty or in the manufacturing and mining interests,
SOVeUtV-Gve rods from Where We Stood, he Iherehv inRraaumr llm lmmn ninrL-r.r f.,r
said substantially: There is a meadow
which you seo is whilo with daisies. Six
or soven years ago a fow showed thorn
solves in that meadow, for tho lirst time
While in tho blow I nulled thorn all up by
tho roots and burned them. The next
year, to my surprise, tnero were moro than
twice as many as tbo first year, aud tbey .
havo increased every year since, whilo I
am tjuito certain that uotn single stalk lias
ever gono to seed in that lot; and I can
only account for tho increase of the!
daisies from the fact that my neighbor i
who joins land with ma nonr by oflen lots ;
his daisies go to seed. It Is a wonder that I
our loarned agriculturists don't tell us how I
to kill them. I would givo n man one i
hundred dollars who would tell mo how to j
kin tno aaisics. Jo this I replied : " I wilt
tell you how to kill them and not charge
anythiug." "You tell me!" he exclaim
Cd. " Yes; I Can toll VOU." " Well, how
do yon say lean kill tho daisies?" "Make
tne grass grow, I replied. " There are
no daisies on this meadow before us; nud
if yonr theory is correct that tho seed was
brought from your neighbor's lands by
tbo wind, tho birds or some other way lo
your furthor meadow, why not brought to
this meadow near us'.1 My supposition
is that daisies start from tho seed, but it Is
certain if they do that no scod will ever
grow on this meadow near us so long as
you keep up a fertility that will grow such
a orop of grass ns is now on it. I clinl
longo you to find anydaisio.;, or enough
to do any harm, upon any lauds in the
universe which produco such a crop of
grass, nnd now if you will put your further
you will kill to dalsios, and mv word foi
it, that is trio only way you cau extinguish
them from that lot."
But this is a digression Ironi tho Hue
which I Intended to pursue.
Thore is no ono of ordinary Intelligence
but knows that for a long timo there ha
been n constant deterioration in our farm
land and a corresponding doclino in the
amount of agricultural products, and th'
cause of it is as apparent tothointolligen'
observer as to the scientist the plant food,
year aftor year, has boen taken from oui
soils by uco8sive cropping and no
restored by fertilizing agents. Tho wa
of restoration to thoir former l'erti!it
Is simple; thatislosav, "Tho w.tyfar
h, ojwu uimiiuuii us mis w,
Ing man, though a fool,'1 cannot mistake j
tho truth that thoy can now only be l""-" lu l"uu lu "'.''"'"". "
restored by the use o? fertil.rs and judi s c- llJf,
cious cultivation, llut a fool cannot sue j ' F 'r11'0 ,-"nifor ,""'
cessfnlly do this work. Thoro was a time Purpose nnu will often invest even In -when
ono who could root up a nic0Q ot doubtfu project for building .t mamifac
A -.a. .,, ' .... .. r.... tory. Apparently tlicy seo growth am ;
rilmnir at all and indi lercnt cultivation.
was sure of a good crop. Tli.it timo has
gono by, and now it requires thought
good judgment, and the moro of science
one has the belter. To be a successful
foen., i 1SHI rni,.n mi.cl, lilMwr
farmer in 18S1 roeoiros a much higher !
degree of intellectual qualification Than
did I tho farmer of 1831. In tho words of'
anothor: "He should understand the
composition of soils aud tho theory of ;
,,. ,, .,i..:i,. f r,
usm.u..uStut.-m, u. -,
etablcs and animals; tho general nature
tin... ....i . i.. ,.r ......e..;n
and raiting stock; ho must bo a man of
general intelligence, or ho will bo obliged
to perform his labors as parrots talk, or as
persons will sometimes sing by rote with -
I j....,.ti. ,i... r
wi, imuvtaiaimiii;; in1- ; 'I lucil'c. J
music.
I havo spokon of the gradual ruiiiiiug
dewn of Vermont farms as having been
general; to this I should mako exceptions,
for 1 am happy to say thero aro farms in
Vermont that aro noiv every year growing
bottor. Tho work of tho state board of
agriculture, and of other associations in
tho stato having in view the same olijoi-t,
have not been in vain.
Those of us who have occasionally
passed through tho Otter crock, Winooski
and Connecticut river valleys would say
that tho farms in thoso localities show a
fair condition, aud many of tlicni for a
few yoars a continued improvement. Not
so of what arc known as the "back
tarms," aud those, at a random estimate.
will embrace ono-uall ot the larm lanus
of tho state; and theso lands with a few
excoptions havo been for many years and
are to-day on thp decline m their produc-
livecapaeity. Now why this decline.'
To bring out my thoughts as clearly as
I cau I will again go into history : There
is a placo known as Pond Hill, a territory
embracing a. school district, the greater
psrt of which lies in tho town of Poult
ncy, with somo littlo portion of it, it' I
mistake not, within tho town of Casllcton.
Tho locality is some six or seven miles
from tho villago of Poulluey nut ouito us
far from tho villago of Casllcton. The
id Inhabitants ol casllcton ana 1 oiiuncy
will agreo with me when I say that lifly
years ago that Pond Hill territory embrac
ed a farming district that for production
aud thrift would compare well with any
othor in Poultncy or Casllcton. Tbey will
also agrco with 1110 when I say lhat then
tho people who resided thero were not
behind lltoso ot auy other district in oilhor
of tho towns In poiutof intelligence, inllu
em-Bur eociat Hiauumy. j.uw uuw .s 1.
now? It is not pleasant to answer that
question. I intend no slandorupon any of
my fellow citizens, but a physician mus.
orst know tlio nilmont of Ins patient be-
luivuuusu "lu.-i nuu "iCiiiim i. ;i i
who assume to oiler a euro forme ailments
j of agriculture must first know what those
ailments are
I havo taken tbo loosduy
named tor an
tilustratiou for tho
that it would bo known to a gooil portion
of uiy nudiouce. Tlie locality represent
the rural districts in the suit.'.
thong!
1 !'
has probably n
eded mire t'.i iri !i major
ty or tlicm.
The building of the Kuil.tud .V Hurling.
ton railroad was completed, it" I niist.-ii.i-not,
in lSltij tho lluiland t NV:tnhiiig'un,
which runs tlirougli I or.itucv, i t the
winter of 1h.l', ami il
Saratoga road,
tho K. A: W. at
which now unites will
. Castloton, about the samu time, 1 think a
mtlo bofore. Many ot us can weil rcmcin
bov when the canvassers wcro around to
got tho stock taken prior to building ihesn
, roads. Tbey represented lhat tin: stock
, would be a pruktitblo iiivestincnt. nud that
: tlio roads when built would bo a great
bonolit to farmers, as they would furnish'
I means for tbo lraupui'tatlon of their,
l products to market. The roads wen: built; 1
I tho stoek proved worthless in Ibis iho
canvassers wero mistakeu but as to the
advanla-o to the farming interest can anv '
; 0U9 6ay they wero mistaken ? I can well
! remember that before the roads woro built
tho farmer eunld hardly sell anything he
raised lor cash; tuo dairyman 111 tho fall
after the season of cheese-making was
! over, could sell his cheeso for live or six
; cents a pound aud get his money for it,
j aud Iho wool grower could In general sell
; ms wool for cash, ami if ho raised more
1 grain or potatoes thau ho needed for his
own cousiuuptiou he could pay Ills black-
j smith, shoemaker and store bills, poi'linos.
j ,v)tu theso products. Now, not only the
products of the dairy and wool, but grain,
potatoes, npplcs, garden vegetables, auy
'and evnrvthiii" of uroduco finds a renin
produce la many ways advantages havo j
accrued to the farmer, vet with all thU
Improvement this wonderful march of
: progress in tho last lil'tv ve.tr fucIi ns no
; other fifty years iu the history of the world
, ever saw who can nccount for tho retro-
grndo of largo a portion of our farming
lands? and, what is more mysterious stib
to mc, agriculture has, in tho rural .lis
tricts of Vermont, receded moro rapidly
since our railroads were built than before,
This is to me almost an auomtly; it seems
to mo liko one or tho paradoxes of this
age I know it is usually accounted fir in
this way : tho iron horso has 0ened up
now, cheaper and more productive lands
at the west. A good deal of this is illnMon
but western migration from the oal has
been large for many years. Hut I
! havo patience with this goiug west. I
think a farmer can do well there: nnd I
I llilnL- lie en .in lnat u wnll .nut I think-
i ho can do well at farming almost anywhere
! in this country if he U williug to work
: and has a good head en his shoulders,
, But I believe many of our people are
j alHictod with another disease, moro viiu
' lent in its character thau tlio western rover
: aud a much greater hindranco to ihe sue
! cess of agriculture. That disoaso is siniplj
ibis: they look uikiu the occupation of thi
i farmer as dngradm". Orator. " chant
, thoir pnans" to tho tillers of the soil, yi
: practically their influence goes to croa'.o s
J public opiuion that the tanner's occup t
. i ion is lit only for dull, unthinking men
! It ould hardly ba possible to find a man
! who, if Interrogated on that snbjcct, but
j would ssy " Tho farmer is as good ns any
"jouy uis eaiuniT is nouoraoie, iioaitny ano
profitable." Yet from thoir praetico we
might Infer that Ihcy do not believe wha
thoy say. It is quito common that v,c sei
eulogies in the newspapers up"u mou o
dislinetion, and how fond tho writers an
if saying "ho was born and reared on i
larm," as though that was a marvel; whei
ho trno educational philosopher woul
find it moro of n marvel that such a mat
was bom and reared in tbo cltv of Nev
fork.
I 8ioak of this to show whut publh
ipinion is, and if others givo tho sami
constriction that I do to thoso eulogies
which appear almost every day in ou
periodical literature, thoy must draw the
same Inferoncc.
The cntorprlso and spirit f this ag.
F0'!'?1' on.Iv. '" tlll) moroaso of manil-
facturing, mining, mcrcantilo end otliti
btisinoss interests. I appreciate those
interests, I think, as highly as any ono
'"i u' " .
! r"r;v0 f Jf" ck"BWflhi" V
' loa that lUUSt bO fed Willi IllC
id'l a pop
n,tt"ou luw'ufluo lu? w"" la'oiicr
Pr0lU u0' , 15,11 lcr0 15 f? ,lc'Yn l,bl'
'osopliy why a villago which lias grown
UP hou wnufactunug and bind
nS3 entcr should draw t ,o brains from
tho fanners' heads who reside fonr, six or
i. p
., If !. nn l.v th.v
should leave their farms and move to thai
, ccn.tc.1 !rri" ?' ? . Ue ?om,-mt rn
soclal advantages of c vi li.cd li e. 1 his
fa,u0 '. fs.lP "tion as .1 appear,
; ? ,,s wlwt ,s i"!vcr,slm: our final
1 districts.
Four or five years ago. a farmer a few
miles out iuformcd mo that he bad sold his
farm and desired me to como to his house
ou a day named and draw the necessary
writings. 1 wcul, and tho dceda wen
drawn and CKeonted. I learned that thi
sale of the farm was brought abruit hy thi
urgency and persistence of a son of oi
L'.'J years old. who was his father's mail,
reliance. I hid come to the house on foo1 .
hut (li. vmiTirr nmti k.iiil 1 mttaF not wmIIi
hack thai, would net do. H,. .,,011 am.
around to the front door with :i gay horse,
plated harness and covered carriage, ami
with all the " pomp and circumstance" 01
a gontlcniau in high life. 1 took a seal in
tho carriage and ho drove mo to Poultncy
Ho did not forget lo crack Ins whip as lit
, cntcrcd tho villago and put his horse 00
, its Uisiest trotting speed until bo reached
. my olVioCi no seama delighted over the
Bj0 of tUe f.irm alul cnteria.iiie.1 me all
t,iu way homu wiUl h-is In.iglu vju,,, ot
fllUire success in mcrcantilo business. The
yuiing man had lost his common sense, il
he over had any, and got his lien,! Idled
with very common nonsense.
This young man is a fair representative
of :t larc c!a-s uf farmers' hoys. Yel
tlio fault i 110'. !togolli',r with the boys;
it is. as I have before iiuiiiia'.cd. with a
perverted public opinion; the older heads
ha o it, Ihou
'j'iUve r fi
h lltcy do no! imiicciIh h.
e (ir lour vcars ago a native 01 mm-
1 dlctown,Vt.,l'oi- tho last V years a rcideni
I of Michigan, called at. my place in my
I absence 'front homo with a view to havt
j mc accompany him to hii boyho.i 1 homo.
: Ho went alone, and was on bis way back
' to Michigan before I returned. I did not
seo him but he wrote me a loiter, the loss
of which I havo much t: ivlm-i.-I though 1
1 cannot forget tho lending tluiu-r
... ...i.jpi.
! it contained. As ho came lie
i'Y, .10
, llt Voullncy; tho Village had grown so
llUU.a tliat lie could not Imo rceogniwd ii
f,.0.i; Us apponranee. Two miles from
, potiltriov ho camo to tho villa''..: of Has
j oll;ncy wuere , rccogui.ed more of the j
, old Innduiarks. He passed on and camt-
, to hisol(( U0IU0; arjonl tlrc0 mj!ns rrom
j gj,sli iol,itnoy and about midway Imtwecn
I ,h,, ni..,n aliildlet.uvn vlltmro. Pan
seinol dists-iet ho could liud but 0110 who
; WB4 ,lora wj,cn ,n cft 4.) years before
1 The old farm had grown up to bushes and
weeds; the fences and bnllding-s wcro in a
i.uiiiblc-dovii condition; tlio old school
heme, where ho got all tho education ho
ever received and where he was associated
with 4' or .Vi bright boys and girls had
ccs.-ic"! to ho a school house, ho was told
there was no uso pr il ; cvcrvtluug in Ihe
neighborhood
of civilization
mcd to li.v the absence
lie could nil s:av here
Ion,'. Ths iiiacc of all utiio. ho had ex -
. pcetod to look upon with pleasure was
greeted with adiicn. llo said, 1 , 1- 110
woudcr Ilia! young men leave; the farm."
My paper is aiicady longer than I in -
tended, jet there is 'much' moic licit 1
would like to say. Wo rely upon srienec
to bring up agriculture, vc' when, ihero
is a will there is :. way '' V few days
since in a Vermont piper, 1 think the
Vermont Kirmcr published at Northlield.
au article, copied fi-om a Maine paper,
which contained a statement of prizes;
! oflcwd tho boys in Yoriiiout and Maine
for raising corn ; it gave tlio number of
boys who competed lor the prizes in each
state, aud tlio amount, or into per acre, of
the coin ihcy raised, which ran, as near
as I can recollect, from about bit tn U'O
bushels pur acre. But the poiut mado by
tlm u rilor was to show that tho boys were
belter farmers than their lathers, as the
j lultor did not average over lij or !') bush -
1 els to the aero and the bovs averaged 100
bushels, an I the boys wero so much tho
j better farincr.s.
Such a conclusion will hardly do, yet
tlm lunV success i.', foil of cncnin'AT.iiiflnt.
lienor (armors thau llioir fathers, bnt the
otter of the prints raised an object to be
accomplished aud they earnestly and with
a will went about it. And I cannot belter
close than by rccoininonding to Indifferent
farmers the lessou which may be loaruod
from the examples of the boy who com
peted for tho prizes In coin raising.
(Scmpcratm .
Heller Ibini a l'ortuiie.;
!? vou arc tlio young !ajytha'." leach
iug my children not to taste of cider, hon
or wiiio?''ns!:ed William Henson.a uotori
011s hard-drinker, :n he met tbo village
seliool-mx'atii. on Pm way i her boardin"
place.
"Exactly." leplied .Miss f:iiuu.,t fragile,
littlo blond,-, "and I wish I con Id uot on!
teach the children how )ernlcirins am!
wrong (ho practice is. but also the older
people.
"Wrong 10 drink wlue. i li,J Then
you've got ahead of St. P.ml. He ordered
Timothy to take a littlo wine for hi
stomach's sake, and oilier inliriuitic.
What do you say fo that, Miss liltoni'"
" Say?" rcsixindod tho bitter: " wbv. 1
wouldn't objoct lo buch wino as Paul rec
ommends, myself."
"You wouldn't, hoy:' Well, whero's tb.
difference? wine is wine; von ran t deny
hat."
"Hut, Mr.'Utinsiiii, there Is nil the dif
eronco in tlio world between ancient ami
modern wine. Ouo is the pare julca of
he grape, drank as soon ns expressed; the
ither, even when not doctored with chem
cals, is kept fermenting and rotting till
ill i"s virtues aro destroyed. You wouldn't
hink of partaking of rotten apples or
potatoes, why should you of. rotten migar
lor that's just what nleohol is."
"Pshaw! now; you temperance folks an
.hiewd; but bow do yon know liiblo wino
su't rolled sugar, as you call ill' Yon
'lau't ptovothat it Is not Just liko ours."
" Yes, i can, and by the Hible, too. Wc
read in tlio Old Testament of tho cupbear
ers taking the cup iu hand, pressing Ihe
jmpes Into tho cup, and giving it immedi
itelv to J'haroah. Tho Kgyptians drank
10 fermented wine, beoause ihcy thought
't produced by an evil spirit, but they did
tot object to tho juico of tlio grape. taJscn
is soon ti9 expressed."
After n few moro questions by lK.-tis.ni.
nd a few simple exhortations 1 7 Mi.i
Blton, the former slowly wciiucd his way
lomeward, muttering, " Well, well ; it may
e as sho says. Anyhow, I'll not object to
aer teaching the children. Wishsomebo.lv
tad explained it to me when I was a boy
'twonld havo been beVr than n for
um'." Coxscikxci: ASD Law. "You t.in't
nako mon good by law," thmdi rs the
ipponont of legal suasion.
I deny it, sir, nnd call for pi-our'. . 1 our
.oft head will bo covered with gray hair
loforo you can succeed In proviug th-.'
osit!(in yo'i so confidently as-uimo. Xotv
is not my denial ns good as your alilrtna
tlon? What will you do about, it :'
You should have this to think alion.,
vi:
We can make mtn bad by law, nud
that is what wo do when ve liconse
wickedness of any kiud.
Tbo average man gets a good pari ot'
his moral education from tho law of tin
land. What tho law permits lie believe-,
is right. When wo license the sale of rum
we give a iioworful object lesson to ducli
people. Wo teach them it is right to soil
vhisky if tbey get a license. Thoir
ionscience is thns wrongly educated h
law. They are thus lc-1 In believe it rigl:1.
o do what is wrung.
Now, Mr, if wo catii.oL maLe inuu oic!
by law. we can cease lo make them Iku!
by law. Lst us wipe the iicci.e law oil'
if all Dili' statute: books, und f-o oca?o to
lave fellowship with evil.
i,9l 11- put rum
.elling under tin- Inn f I
I i.w ana so leach
he public that it is wi-.m-:
sav to this'.1.'. .
What du you
The good c iujici tuce women of Madison,
Vis., headed by .Mrs. liascam, wife of tV
president of the state university, have dune
1 graudj! hing in inducing llieo!!ic'-vi of the
stale agricultural society and the i.tliciTH
of tlio county sociciv to adopt a rule ex
cluding ail iiil-.ivcaiing' liquor-, including
be-'i'. 1 rn 11 'in-ir i.iir- ,11 rue f'.ilu:''!. Tie
world indeed docs move, We hoio our
temperance worker- in 1 very -la!c and
county where I Ids action lias not already
been taken will go r:trncllr at work to
establish lirs vi-rv i-nii cum ivi'iinn.
V '?' I.l4 ir.
0 1 e.
sample 10 'rn.
him
as In!
cjlllll) '.1 1'. ul ;i
vip:;d h motif.
tacho in: 'lopu s'.ir- w 1? n
no." Ah! P'piii.' !. "not a
thai in that room i- a bir
riuiony. JV'iiy." I'y.v
sli anger-.
offended
all. mV,,
"O.
ling
ont-
-a
i'ii'
una' ns ,p:
:o-
At a dinner :u
Mr. Arthur set !tnf.re
eighteen kinds 01" wine,
this, temperance Mh-'.
Willie lluu
U i.-i very generullv- knuwu tiiat lln
existence oi plane, ik-iwccd .nuivur,
and the sun l;:w !:ug been su'.Kvte! by
islroiioiMors. lc
it is ordinarily
esoopes by ih,.
11 sucb ar. object clst.
"nlerod invisibto lo lol
diffusa. ii of solar lavs.
Puling a lotni
iprf the glare of the suii
is removed and it i.s hops I lhat ihe hypo
thetical planet may lie discovered on snob
an occasion. With that purpo.-e in view
many observers, " ill eagerly sc.au the
heavens about tho sun .Hiring the cell; so of
Mav Kth. which will hcjchiellv viiril in
Allien.
Bus oi' Tul nt. Charily makes t.o
mistaiks that sbo kan bo charged with.
Tharo iz a grate art in knowing how lo
giv without creating an obligashun.
Cood breeding a the only thing that kan
. ,,1,,1 nrlMr ,l,t.
Servitude W. so unnatural that an hone-t
! servant iz the rarist uv tilings.
. l.afttor proves nuthing. AVi.o 111011 la:V.
' and ide.its grin nil the lime.
1 Heroism i simnle. and vet iL
1 .' rai c
kan i
j I'.vcry one who du tho hest they
a hero.
i tJravcrty i, becummiu 10 a pliool at
, all timzc, but onlv to a wize man on Male
1 ockashuuz.
! Vory nieiiiiy souk uuiedge, not o iuutcli
: for ths truth az lor the speekcrla-hiic
I thare iz. in it.
Cunning Uawcek iinilhun of wi vJum
i aud az, liable at enny time to merge inio
fraud.
Uuly is a dangoious gill. The
it in-pires, aud ihe btsc Ihttoi'v it
its piis-cssors, arc certainly n il P 1
valid,
mi
i vied.
' AU uv naiui 's works arc a part uv .1
, pciTeckshuu uv a plan. She makes iw
mistaik, creates 110 vncmtei--, and v.h.
I at nuthing.
I Idcnrs ar what wiu, bin if a man hauii
got but one, ho I, very apt to run that n.
' Into tho ground, and laik himself along
1 with it,
, l tappiuex Laz no abiding place. Lit
often iz. very noor at hand, like (be old
'woman's spektaklcs. After uuutirg lor
thorn hi nud lo, "he lonmi tbcm at last sate
on ber nozo.
If yu will sit down and wale, vuug man,
at least one hall'uv tho good tliinsrs uv litu
will at sum timo eddy around - nr vou,
whilo the nioar yn chase tJjen :
fhKV will brake inton rnn, -