Green-Mountain freeman. [volume], August 23, 1882, Image 1

About Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884

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GREEN MOUNTAIN FREE MAX,
SIOSTPELIER, TT.
OS in tlie Brick Block, Had of kttoU StrMt.
icbuk:
tl.SU if pa. ! m adviice;othtr. 93.00.
afijiueut way ibJo t mill ur olinr.6 tt
M. R. WHK BLOCK.
Editor uid Propriety.
The FiUMtN, under tit recent law at Couhtbm
elrruirtM free in Wftahtnjrton Coonty. On slk paper r
ant onuide WMhlnirton Oonntr. the postaire j iid
by the publisher at the onV in Moatpelier.
d'JNTPELER VI.
WEDNESDAY. AUG. 23, 1882.
Letter From Minnesota.
Fkeeborn, Minn., Aug. 11, 1882.
Dear Fkkeman : The busy muling of
the harvester hag commenced again and
all hands are now engaged once more in
securing the bountiful crop of small grain
which the year has allotted ui.
How swiftly time flies! It seeuis but
yesterday since I took op my pen to tell
yo of our harvest last year, and now
another season has come around. One has
to stop and think twioe before he can
realfee that autumn, wluter and spring
hav intervenod since we were following
a harvester twelve months ago.
Our harvest is about two weeks behind
time this year. The spring was cold, wet
and backward. Summer seomod to come
very reluctlantly, and, indeed, genuine
hot summer weather exception now and
then a day has not come at all. Our
nights have been very cool, the mercury
frequently dropping below 50, and the
days have not been oppressively hot at any
time yet. Corn growers are exceedingly
dubious ovor the prospect. A larger
amount of corn was planted in this section
uf the country this year than usual. The
partial blighting of the wheat for the throe
years past had lod farmers to think they
must look to some other source than wheat
raising for tiieir profit in farming, and
last fall being bo excessively rainy that
ground could not be plowed to any great
extent, and spring plowing always being
productive of blight and unfavorable
every way for a great orop of wheat, the
farmers with ono accord, almost, conolud
ed to go into corn raising. Corn for the
last six years had invariably done well
The demand for it had been good, while
the price of pork has been such and is
now that anything like a fair yield of corn
would bring a good revenue; so corn was
planted everywhere nnd in larger fields
than ever before. The methods of farm
ing were being changed to meet this new
state of things, when, 1j! natnro puts hei
foot down on this nice little arrangement
by giving us a model soason for wheat
raising but one that makes the raising of
corn well nigh hopeless. Of courso it is
too early to predict what the result will b
in reference lo the corn crop, but nnless
we have an August and September re
markably adapted to this ond the coru
cannot ripen. Corn, however, looks well.
It has a thrifty color and the stand is good
The trouble with it is it is about four
weeks late. If it was only July now
instead of August the outlook lor it would
to grand. If we could find good roasting
ears in our Gelds instead of having to look
sharp to find hero and thero a silk we
should be full of hope. Hut it is hard at
this writing to sue bow this difficulty is to
bo overcome.
After all there is u gre:il deal of wheat
to be cut. On tlio whole I suppose it will
be much bettor for us if ono of the crops
must fail that it should be the corn and not
tlio wheat. The wheat crop this year is
gpod, though not as good as it was five
years ago, but it will com 3 nearer to it
than it has come at any time before. And
taking into account tho new farms and
fields that havo beon opened, I presume
the average of wheat in Freeborn, Waseca
and Steele counties is as great this year as
It was in 1877. Sjaie fields havo suffered
from the rust, anil in a fow there is some
blight, but on the whole tho crop is exael
lcntaud the heart of tlio f.irnnr is mide
glad.
Tho constant improvement in uiichiu
eiy has revolutionized the methods of our
harvesting. It is no longer tho hurrying,
back aching work that it wis a few years
ago. The introduction of the reaper
caused the grain cradle of the olden time
to le laid away for the moth and rust to
corrode, and nudo the cultivation of large
fi jlth possible for a singlo farmer. But
the reaper noedod to have nimble hands to
follow it and pick up the grain as fait as
it was reapad, musing bustlo and hurry
in Uio field whore tho men worked, and
eustje and hurry in the kitchen, too. whore
the hungry mouths must bo filled. The
harvester was an improvement on the
reaper. Two men riding on the machine
could bind as fast as the sickle oonld cut,
and do the work of four men binding from
ttiegiound. iiuttho self-binder is super
soding them all. This is a marvel of
ingenuity and it is interesting to see it
operate. It acts liku a tbinz of life as it
it thoroughly unlerstood its business and
was conscientious in the performance of
it. Tho sickle cuts it, the apron elevates
It and then two iron arms enoirclo the
bundle, passing the wire or twine around
and fastening it more firmly than it could
be dune by band. And then it does its
work so neatly. Sjarcely a straw or head
of grain can be found over tho whole field
that is not noun I into a sheaf. My boy
twelve years old will mount ono of these
machines in tlio morning and at night
leave some twclvo acres of stout grain
niceiy oound and ready to bo put into the
shock.
These machines m tke the farmers inde
pendent of hired help to a groat degroe in
the most critical time of the year. For
merly their caprices and whims and
exorbitant demands were a source of
torture to him. He must accept the
sorvicos of strangers, foreigners, tramps
and whoever offered thomselvos and run
the risk of their getting offended or leav
ing him when Im noo issuies . wurj tile
gre itest. And he must lake them into his
family for the time being, no matter what
the moral atmosphere might be that sur
founded them. Now with his self-binder
he can serenely go on with his own work
in his own time and way and feol that he
is master or tho situation. Tha rolief in
tho house is just as great. The self-binder
doesn't ask tho tired housewife to spread a
table boforo it throe times every day nor
to prepare a lod for it every night. It is
a complete thing. I don't soo as invontlon
can go any father in this lino. Most too
bad," as an old man remarked, "that this
generation should bring everything to
pei fcotion and leave nothing to bo dovisod
by tho next," but it can't be helpod.
w. v.
I
VOL. XXXIX.
Sunday School Lesson Note.
nr rev. j. o. SHEiir.cBN.
,?,"''; TUe PhlrlM-tl ua Saduwea Silenced
The lesson of this week is only a uontin
ued picture of tho craft and malice by
wtucn too Jews have been all along seok
ing to destroy Christ. His parables, uttered
to show them their real purpose and
malignant spirit, has greatly increased
their rage. All faotrons and parties now
seem to unite in the effort to make him
say something which would either enrage
the Ilomans, or give the Jewish loaders
some hold upon him. as speaking against
their law.
Tho two parties associated in this
attempt, according to Mark's account, are
the Fhamsees and Hei'odians. In tho next
attempt to onsnare him tho Sadduoees are
also engaged. This is only an example of
what men aro doing everywhere. They
wranglo and dispute with each other, but
when their control over their followers is
threatened they unite together for the
common dofeuue. The Uerodians were
bated by tho Jewish rulers because they
supported the rule of the Ilerods and thus
tho Roman power, but they nro one in
their rejection of Christ, and bonce united
in plotting his death. They present thorn.
selves to him in all the suavity of consuui
mate hypocrites, and with their undisguised
flatteries seek to entrap the Master. Their
question was a political one; perhaps a
question in dispute between the very par
ties presenting it. " Is it lawful to ;ive
tribute to Ciesar, or not: Shall wo give
or shall we not give?"
The question they asked may have in it
a double meaning. It may mean, is it
consistent with Moses' law that we should
pay tribute to Cmsar, or is it morally fit
ting that God's ohosen people should pay
tribute in support of the pagan Roman
dominion? The latter is probably the
question they meant to ask. The oraft of
the question lay in the fact that If Jesus
said it was lawful he would bring upon
himself the anger of those who had for
long years sought to evade and resist
Roman taxation. Several revolts had
occurred in the east just on this question.
If, on the other band, he should say it was
unlawful, the Uerodians were ready to
carry bis answer to court, and thus he
would become obnoxious to the Romans.
They doubtless flattered themselves that
a question had at length been framed by
which he would surely be entrapped. So
they used all their flattery nnd simulation
in order to secure their purpose more
easily, as they thought. But in a moment
Jesus dispelled all their hopo by answering
abruptly; Why tempt ye me? Bring mo
a penny that I may see it. The ooin is pro
duced, (the Roman denarius, worth from
1") to 18 cts) and so upon the obvorse it
has the figure of C;nsar! Whose is this im-
igo and superscription? he asks. They
say Crcsars. He gave them a very adroit
answer. "Render C.usar the things that
areCsesar's and to God the things that
are God's." Some held that ho really gave
no answer to their question but simply
said enough to silence them. I soo no
difficulty however in allowing that Jesus
made them a completo answer. IIo oven
gave them a broader answer than they
sought, as ho usually did. The adminis
tration of government was then in tho
bands of tno Romans. They bare the ex
penses of government. It wa9 only legiti
mate for the time being tljat tribute should
bo paid them Whatever Ciciar had
done for them demandod return and what
ever God bad done also. Tho principle
is this; taxes for the support of govern
ment are necessary and just. If govern
ment is unjust or oppressive that is an
other matter, but tho subject is indebted
to the ruler, .loins passed no judgment
upon tho rightfulness of tho Roman do
minion; but as it was the ilcfacto govern.
muQioiuie time certain trioute was duo
from tho Jews who had, in souio sort,
protection under it. The answer however
is of so broad and general import that no
advantage could be taken of it to injure
the Master.
The Pnarisees and Uerodians, having
failed in their crafty plan, another soot.tho
Sadducoes, camo to take up the work.
They are represented as the materialists
of their timo, who paid some conventional
egard to tho forms of the Jewish religion.
but wero far gone in the way of practical
atheism. Tbey bring forward what they
supposed to bo a difficult question, as ar
rayed against the doctrine of the resurreo
tion and a future life; both of which they
rejected. They refer to a provision In the
law, found in Deut. 29; 5 10, whereby a
brother, in order to keep in tact the family
name and the family posessions, is direot'
etl to tane as wife the widow of a deoeased
brother. The case is most likely a suppos
ed one, but such a one ns might actually
occur. Seven brethren, say they one after
another, take the same woman to wife.
In tbe resurrection whose wifo shall she
he? This question like the foregoing one,
though wickedly designed to injure Jesus,
has been made tho moans of important
toaohing ovor since. No singlo passage
gives us cloaror light on tho mode of
man's immortality. The question betray
ed at onco the gross views of those who
put it. As they did not bellove in a spirit
ual nature in man thoy found no place
for a spiritual idea of the resurreotion.
In their notion, if there was any after
life it must be life under the samo limita
tions, and on the same plan as our presont
life. This view Christ declares to be a
mistakon one: "Ye do err," be says. The
difficulty with them was, and it is a stand
ing ono to day on many points, they did
not know the scriptures, and thoy had no
adequato conception of the powor of God.
Thoy supposed that God's powor was lim
ited by their powor of thought, and had
not faith to bolievo that he could do what
was boyond their thought. They failod
to apprehend the moaning of soripture.
wnioh bold that man has; a spiritual as
woll as n phsical lifo.
As to tho mode of tho resurrection life,
Christ says that thoy shall bo as the angels
which aro In hoavon. Tho scriptures give
us many hints, hern amlthero, concerning
angel life. We need not he in darknn.
about the matter. As to the fact of a res.
urrectlon, or more directly here tbe fact
ot an alter life, he cites them to the lan
guage God himseir uses to Moses at the
bush, saying, I am the God of Ahrl.m
and the God oflsaac, and the God or Jacob,
and then declaj-es to them that God is not
the God of the dead but of the livlnr
Thus both of theso designing partios which
sought the ruin of Our Ird are silenced
and put to confusion and tbe old scripture
again fulfillod. "Ho taketh tho wise In
their own craRinoss.
Personal,
The four new congre jsmen from Kn
are prohibitionists.
Tho sermons of Mc. Spur20on ' l.n!nr
translated into Russian.
Tho Boston Joumxl noaiinitn r.w
John D. Lin" for vice presidont in 1881.
Rev.L. D. Poster of B irtonsvillo r.,.ni..
ed very acceptably to the people of Athens
rasi sanoam.
Gen. N. l U,ks will deliver i.h .A.
Iress at tho cominz agricultural f,i- in
i rociorsville.
Mrs. J. Ellen Foster, Esq . of Ir.w
.or uio w. u. y. v. at. St. Albans
mis woek Tuesday.
Rov. H. A. Crane of Syracuse universiti,
uccupieu tue puipitoftlie M. E. church at
. ... . . J
uuuanu last Sabbath.
Mr. II. W. Putnam of Benninzton has
.u.aiuua towaril tho now M K
courcn at JNorth Bennington.
Rev E. Gerry, late of Rndolnli. h.
aecepieu a call to his old ohurch at Oregon
.ijr, wruguu, at a salary of $1000 a year
Rev. A. A. Wrlsht' 8 Hlimmnr r
. " - owuwi UI
'iieoiogy, under the name of the "Bible
vision Assembly." has proved a suooess
Manchester Congreeationaliats . ,
joicing over the gift of a new bell for their
"""'' Kill OI JUUfffl SHnn... f
uuicago.
- o- ui
Rev. C. W. Cushins. 1). I)., of Rrndf,,
Pa., M. E. oburoh, has been spend iug his
vacation in Vermont anions his m.
relatives and friends .
Rov. E. P. Gilbert and wife, for eleven
years missionaries in South Africa, have
returned to Castleton to oducate their four
daughters in the normal sohool.
Twenty-five thousand people attondnd
Barnum's performance at Burlington last
week Wednesday. How many felt per
fectly satisfied when they had returned
borne ?
The Boston Journal says that it Is m.
ported that Rev. J. W. Osborne of Swan.
sea, Mass., has offered and has accepted
me presiuency oi Antioob college. Yellow
Springs, Ohio.
Rov. L. W. Moroy, formerly of the M.
. church, Lyndon, but who wiihdmu,
from the conference at its last sossion. h is
accepted a call to a Cjngrogationalist
churoh at Noedham, Mass.
C. II , son of Rev. C. F. Morso of f,.fn.
does Falls, has been engaged to toach in
tho St. Johnsbury academy at a salary of
$800 a year. He is a college irraduate and
student in a theological seminary.
iro. .). b. bpinney is reioicin? nvflr
some fruit in his labars among tho North
uanville Mothodists. A deep Interest is
manifest nnd promising young men are
devoting their lives to the sorvico of the
Lord .
Rev. W. J. Johnson of Waterbury has
been spending a short vacation among his
parishonors of Lyndon, 15 irton and Darby.
Ho is looking well and is as efficient and
popular as ever among the Waterbury
people.
People living in .southern countries liave
always been noted for their activity when
thoroughly nrousod. The latest manifes
taiion is that of tho Rov. Mr. Green of
Raleigh, N C, who baptizid 140 persons
in 70 minutes.
W. A. Wheaton of Montpolior has be
come private secretary and business mana
ger for Gustavo Sattor, the notod pianist,
anu is making arrangements for an ex
tended tour through Cuba and tho West
Indies the coming winter.
iiv,r ri i- ti... ....
. v,. , l mnoy, a. Al.t lor unnv
years sooond professor nt St. Johnsburv
acadomy, has been appointed principal,
vice H. P. Fuller, Ph. I)., who resiirnod to
accept a similar pasition in tho freo insti
tute of technology at Worcester, Mass.
By actual count ovor fifty olorgyruea
were present at the tomporanoe oamp
meeting ana tney inoluded four D. D.'s
ana lour presiding eldors. Those of
themselves would be sufficient to m ike a
rousing meeting. Tho impotm given at
this meeting will be long felt.
Rev. A. J. Cjultns, jr., Wesleyan Uni
versity '80, at present tho popular and
successful pastor of the M. E. church at
Mystio Bridge, Conn., is spending his va
cation with his college chum. Rev. G. F.
Arms of Last Dover. He gave the people
an eloquont sermon last Sabbath.
universallsm in Ohio is weak, thev
uaving out m churches all told, and 36
of them without pastors; and only about
tnree young men on an average gradua
ting at tho schools enter their ministry
annually. Yet it has been operating for
57 years, has a college and a newspaper.
AVB. Howe, formorly editor and oub.
lisher of the St. Johnsbury Index, was
quite severely hurt by being dragged by a
horse at a recont picnic at Fairlee lake.
Ue is now recovering and will ultimately
be as woll as ever. Mr. Howe is at present
working in his fathor's store at North
Thotford.
Rv. W. 8. Hazen of tho Northfiuld
Congregational church is soon to marry
Miss Laura Alaxaatn, formerly of the
Montpolior Union sohool, bul later of the
St. Johnsbury academy. Miss Maxbam
is a Bister of the wife of Rev. L. O. Sher-
burn of tho Whito River Junotion M. E.
church.
Rev. M. 1). Jump of Bonnington
writes to the Troy Daily Times, undor
date of Aug. 9:h, that the nubllohed
announcements relatlvo to his being
callod to tho Presbyterian church of
Lsuslngburgh, N. Y., havo been made
without bis knowlodgo nnd that ho knows
nothing of llicir origin.
MONTPELIER, VT., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 23,
How a Hoosler Br saw Ji Tower of
l'isa.
During a tour of several months in
Europe, I arrived in tho ancient city of
Pisa at eleven o'clock on a lovely sum
mor night. Being of conise very eager
to soe the famous leaning Tower, I re-i
sotveu, as tbe moon was aiming brightly
not to wait for daylight, but to visit tho
Towor before letirin?. On mv asking the
proprietor ol the hotel to toll tie the way
to the Leaning Tower, he lwcmo greatlv
excited, nnd exclaimed: "It k
i , , 1 laugnerl at his fear. :ind
una nun nothing was impossible to an
Amcrcian bov. Ho a' ill
finally come out reluctantly into tho mid-
ui me u ci anil pointed gut the course
l was io IHK6.
Off I started, full of solf-confi lent fesr-
leSSneSS of imnPtUOUS voillll. U,.fni-,. Inn.
ing tbe corner. I looked hripk ft it 1 1 a-i iv t la
old man still standing gazing alter me- I
felt sorry for him. thinking bis fears fu
my saiciy wero groundless.
For a few squares the street w is wid,
and tho full iig,t 0f the moon chrcrnl
mo onward; but soon my way wis not ti
w bo ciear.
Comimr suddenly t. ih .mi ,.e
wide street, I found myself bv the side
an old cathedral. Tho irregular wall?
covereu Willi ivy. the light of tho moon
turning mrougu the ruined G.ilbio win
dows, and showing ih decum! nn.
mossy interior, euva the
grandonr that filled me with awo. Just
in uont oi tbe cathedral was tha river Ar
no, a narrow stream, and the water low
within ila hint. nr. .11.:...- , ..
corner of tho old edifice and tip ahe bank1
ulu Arno, l present v saw the nuMi
of a boat closo to the shore, and as I drew
aearer, I not only found tho boat, but dis
covered tbe owner tboreof lying flat on his
l ne light or the moon shining on his
lace gave it rather a ehastlv nnnenrne
and for a moment I piused: but. with a
langn at my tear-, l stepped into the boat
and kickciI one oi his lest so as to awaken
him. The unceremonious treatment rous
ed quickly enough, and he sprang un and
giarea at me nerceiy. ot being an ex-
perlin the Italian language, I wont through
a series of pantoraines which ho
ndnrstood In mean th,l. I ,am,l hi T '
III1H IV
,.u r .:. ,Vu. "
take me across the river
seizing a long pole, he pushed his craft
out into the sluggish stream. As wo
reached the middle it occured to me that
here would be a hue opportunity for my
ferryman to collect whatever fare he
wished. Accordingly, I courteously declin
ed his invitation to enter the cabin, us I
preferred standing where I could seo all
around me and watch his movements.
However, I had no trouble with mvsleeov
i . e-. i . i ,
ooaiman, anu our crau soon reached tbe
opposite side of the river.
Alter a long, tedious tramp, I saw
what appeared to be a fire a Ion 2- wav
ahead of me, but shortly discovered that
it was merely the light of tho moon shin
ing across an open space. Pushing on
rapidly, I camo to the end of the street:
and to my delight, I saw directly in front
of me the Grand Plaza of Pisa, with the
massive Cathedral and tho Baptlstory and
tbe beautiful Leaning Tower standino
olose together and gloaming in tho moon
light! After pausing a fow moments to oniov
this first grand vision of tho Tower, I
turned toward a pair of boautifu orna
mentod iron gatos which altraoted my at
tention. But when I went up to them
and looked through, tho sight was not one
calculated to add to my cheerfulness for I
found mysolf facing the great Campo
Santo, or burying ground of Pisa. The
bright light oi tho inacro on the marblo
monuments and tombs, the weird shadows
of tho porches, the perfect stillness of the
night, inspired mo with a strange feeling
of awe. Leaving this solemn place. 1
walked over to tho grand old C itlicdr.il
and tho Bapistory near the Leaning Towor.
From that point tho Tower was distinctly
outlined, and the sight of its eight stories
and tho columns of puro whitct marble,
glittering In tho mooulight, amply ropnid
me for my tedious walk.
Advancing to the base of the Tower, I
went inside and looked ui, Tile bell
ropes touched the sides near the top and
hung down close to the wnll. I think
that a man looking up from tho bottom of
a doep well would have a vory good idea
of the appearance of tho Tower as seen
from tho base, esneclallv if the well .
poned to ho quite oil tho pirpeiulicular.
I begap to climb leisurely to thu ton.
bul I could not prevent myself from ed"-
ing toward tho center as I walked around
on tho leaning side, It seemed to me
that my weight alone would ciusc the
wbolo structure to topple over.
This wonderful Tower is about thirty
icei in uiameier at us oasu, ami is ono
hundred and forty-six feet high.
If any ono of my boy ronler.s should
climb the one hundred and ninety-four
steps to the top without feeling inclined
to hold on to the higher side and trend
very lightly on tho lower sido, ho would
have steadier nerves than tho "Hoosior''
boy who climed the tower that night.
The stairs are worn by the tramp of mil
lions of feet, for tho curiosity of neoule
seince the year 1174 has lod myriads of
uiem io ciiruu tuo steps oi tins rcmarkablo
edifice, to reach the place whore Galileo
was wont to go to study the heavens.
There are in the belfry six large bolls,
whiob are still used. The largost ono is
said to weigh six tons, and is hung on
the side opposite the overhanging will,
to aid in balancing the Tower, which is
twelve feet out of the perpendicular. 1
believe that it is still unsettled whether its
oblique position is the result of accident or
desigu. The foundation is in a low, wot
place and it is claimed, shows signs of
saving sunk many feot farther into the
earth on one sido than tbe other. Tna ton
story also leans back perceptibly from the
lower side, as if built to counteract tho
sinking of the foundation.
After resting awhile at tho top of tlio
Tower, I descended and walked over to
the Baptlstory, Its magnificent bronze
doors, so oelebratod as works of art, could
oe seen to aavantage that night only on
the side on which the moonlight fell.
Close by the Baptistery stands tho sol
emn, ancient Cathedral, finished in the
same style of arohitecture ns the Towor.
It was the swinging of tho ancient bronza
chandelier In this cathedral that suggosted
to Galileo the idea of the pendulum, and
thus orignated the method of m.ulino!
time which Is used in some clocks.
l had almost decided to remain on t Im
Plaza, and in the vlcinitv of threw ihron i
justly oolobratod objects the Towor, tho
Bantistorv. and the C&thmlml nmii
ing; but I had now become vory tired, and
tho desire for rost and refreshment decided
me to make an effort to find my hotel. I
must uuuiess mat it seemed to mo a great
er task than finding the Tower. I in
the situation of the Indian who could not
find bis wigwam ho was not lost, but
the wigwam was. I was not lost, for I
knew where I was, but it was my hotel
tbnt was to be found.
Off I started, however, to tho mill -f llin
Plaza opposite to tlfat I had entered, and
here found a wido, beautiful at
proceeding along it for half nn hour I camo
to a bandsomo bridge over the Arno.
Upon this bridge I paused to i;,k0 mv
bearings, and presently descried tho diiii
outlines of my old friend, tho ruined Cathe
dral. Following the street along the river
for a few sqnaros.and turning the cornor by
the Cathedi-al.I uameonco more to l ho street
on whioh stood tho hotol, which I finally
roncbed In safety just at davliglut and re
ceived a hearty wolcoiuo and many oon-j
emulations from the old landlord. j,. !
Frctn'jtol imSt, NkMas. i
The Mississippi Rircr Problem,
Tho whole vallny is filled with silt
least a thousand feot eoo. In nr,lir in
have deposited this sitf thus all over the
valley the river mnst have flowed in differ
ent ages in all parts of the valley, doing
"I vouuiiunuBDiurieg just wnal it is ooin
to-day building up sand-bars tand mud
oanas, oreaKing and rutting them again
anil tossine the atoms from place to pTace
dropping them nt low water, and shiftinn
them in II toils, but always bringing down
mom. and building tho valley uj hielmr
Knur, nun carrying mo Uelta Out
lanner ami lartlier to sea. If the suoolr
ui u,",,:"11 iiuiua uut, tue uuii oi juexico
mut inevitably become dry land, as the
inn of the sea above it has done.
The character of the silt whioh forms
this -made ground" is an Important factor
in the problem. It is chiefly mineral in
its formation, and is of great specific erav-
.... , iuuiu ,a i vuusiMttiiiuiu utiiuixiure
of vegetable mattor. which dnuhrlma ia
the cause of its exceeding fertility. B ing
;"" y iitim-ojfoneous atoms Drought
in solution by tho water, and not bavins
rtiu-u.tiiiiiieu luorougniy, ot loost on the
.i,J arKo or where the water can fsaub it
of "l?" Ts 8.of! ,ol.alj,e m.mi hioh i9 ca'
piblo of resisting; tho action of water nnlv
by means of gravity. It has almost no
CMiiesion. and oilers no proper foundation
lor any work that is of greater spocifio
r:iviiy man iisoii. ll is iiseil as matorial
for the mud banks called levees, which
have ti'.'cn until lately the only engineer
ing works on which relianco has been
placed, for there is no other material there
l?-a'' bu' fh? fa" It Is, soluble
it is poor material for such works
Those facts, thoughtfully considered
present difficulties enough in the way of
engineering worits, out the malndillioolty
is yet untouched. This lies first In the
magnitude of tho river itself, secondly in
the variations in its volume, and thirdly
m us variations in attitude and speed.
This m:iy seem Jike a variety of difficulties
instead of one, but that ono all lies in the
enort to control a vast stream which oon
stantly varies in volume, altitude, lateral
position, nnd speed. It is evidont enough
that it wopld bo a comparatively simple
I hi nfT tn nnnlpnl a omnll... alnum nt a, nK
' s.lm',l. 14 na",rc' or ono '"ge
-1! .. .
itnat should not change irom month to
month in its conditions. One can manage
a puddlo, or protect himself from tho sen,
but against a thing that is alternately pud
die and sea it is difficult to act.
The stretch of bottom land over which
river rolls from St. Louis to thesoa is from
twenty to two hundred milos wido, and
seven httndrcd miles long. Over this fiat
surfacc(for it Is almost flat, sloping gently
to the soa, the river meanders, cutlinga
shifting groovo in the soft mud, that is
1300 miles long. Why it does not cut for
l sett a straight line, thus securing a fall
of 58 1000 of a foot per milo, instead of
31-100 of a foot, which it now has, seems
strange until wo stop to oonsider that it
carries its own obstructions with it until
thoy become too heavy to carry. Then
dropping thn in its own path, it has to
run around thsm. It thus forever corrects
its own tondency to cut away the ground
it lias made, for if it were straightened
and Kept straight, as Das beon proposod
by Captain Ivids, it wonld have a direot
tendoncy to do this, which tondency would
havo to be counteracted by other means.
By tho increased slope it would acquire
increased rapidity, and would carry to tho
sea ns great a burden as it has at S;. Louis,
it not creator.
As to the variations in tho river between
Mgh nnd low water, they are almost in
conceivable to one who has not witnessed
theui. They are as If tho Uudson rivor
should once a yoar flood tho seoond floor
ol the city hall in New lork city, and
occasioniilly in a "flood year" flow over
Mo tatrd lloor; and the problem boforo
the Mississippi engineers is to bo compared
with tlio question how, with such floods,
serviceable piors could bo constructed on
our river-iron t if there were no rock founda-lio-i
less than one thousand feot deep.
One is no more difficult a question than
Hie other, except on tho Mississippi there
are thirteen hundred miles to look after.
During the (boils of last spring tlio Miss
issippi river Irom Cairo to the sea 1100
milos had an averago width of not less
than twenty miles, an average depth from
shorn to shore ot not less than leu feet.
Of I'oiirsi) much of this was slack water.
, mior the luckset caused by the overflow.
All this voiiuua of water w.is not flowing
to the sea with the full force that comes
ol a fill of 38-100 oia foot. If It had been.
there would have been little use in asking
to d iv w hat js to bo done for tho valley,
for iheru would havo been vory little
valley left. But the volume of water was
there, and if it could havo escaped into
the e:i us rapidly as it flowed into the
vnliey from above, it would still have been
ton largo to lio in its bed.
The problem in brief, then, is to decide
how to keep within bounds a stream that
flows in varying volume over a bed of mud,
without binks ilint can be called banks.
David A. Curtis, in Ilnrpcr's Magazine
for September.
The "Makisgof a Mam." "Captain,"
said a small boy, as lie entered tho Fourth
street station house, Williamsburg, last
evening, ''can you send a policeman to
guard some property to-nigbt?''
Captain Woglom looked down at the
boy and raw that his eyes wore filled with
tears. Ho a9kcd tho boy why ho made
such a request.
"Because," answered he, beginning to
sob, "I was loaning against a store win
dow in Broadway, and I mnst have pushed
too hard, for I broke the glass. Tho store
door was locked and I could not find the
owner, so I came to tho station house as
fast as I eouKI for fear that thieves would
go in. If 1 give you thirty-fivo cents,
Captain, toward paving for the glass, will
yon please let me go home till to-morrow P
It's all the money I've got and I live too
far away to go home and oome back again
to-night. I ll bring the rest down to-mor
row, but please put some one to watch
the place."
"You're a noble little fellow," was the
comment of tho Captain, ns he handed tho
money bink to the boy. "lake back the
money. I'll seo that tho place is watched.
If you go to the owner of the store in the
morning and tell him what you have just
told roe, I ilon t lieltcve no will take a
cent from you."
I lie little leliow dried his eyos, said
"Thank vou," nnd leaving bis name and
address went to his homo. -V. T. Herald,
I UK Meteoks. the earth Is now
plunging through the skirts of the so
culled August meteor stream, lwion. In
its orbit, our world grazes tho edges of
tho groat meteor zonos, or streams; once,
nbmit tho Oth, 10th and 11th of August,
nnd again about tho loth of November.
This last collection was tho ono which
produced tho never forgotten rain of stars
in Novoiuber, 1833. Tho August stream
has not, within tho historio period at
least, produced suoh a scone as that; but
It sometimes does givo us the spectacto ol
numerous " shooting stars" streaming
silently through tho sky, every fow min
utes, during tho summer night. They
shoot apparently from the constellation
Perseus, which" rises rathor late. Those
meteor streams are madoof loosely nggre
gated metorio bodies, a kind of " iron
stnno" generally, of various sizes, the
whole reaching in a vast eclipse, or olong
atcd hoop, from a point within tho earth's
orbit to an outer limit beyond the orbit of
Neptune and probably not less than
..tiiii),iliii).tui) miles distant. Harljvrd
Times.
4$P PWX VtYK
1882.
rorlmps the best apology for Mormon
polygamy that has been made is one bv :i
wit on a Paeitiu coast newspaper He
says that at loast Die system does not
throw tbe burden of supporting a hut bind
upon one woman.
If reports are true, the destruction of
Alexandria was as righteous a judwmir-u'
as that which fell upon Sodoin and liomn' -'
rah. It is believed to be the ninsi nrnilL
gato city in tho world It w is a not. d
resort for all tho "off color" peoplo of
Europe. Asia an1 Africa.
A gold medal, shaped like a ahii lil. V IS
recently found at Hot Soring. Arloin ..,
by a visitor. It w is worn almost smooth.'
but thedato. 1530, nnd enough to imli.
cato that it was of Spanish make, w r
visible. The medal is abiut two by tin
and a half inches in size.
Hugh McCinn. a lul iftrimr mm ,.f
Albany, has beon in the habit (il Rlnentn.r
wiiii ins rigui arm under him. Tnesi u
morning ho awoke and discovered that
that arm was par tlvz?.!. an I rhn am-n .
tells him that' it is doubtful if he ever re
gains the use of it.
On tho afternoon of the srlorins Knurl h
a I right little live-year old. accompanied
by his mother, visited Hoston Common to
seo the balloon ascension. When they
arrived tho "sea of upturned faces" aston
ished him. ha never having seen a crowd
before. The little fellow turninv tn liia
mother, oxelaimed:
"I thought folks died sometimes?''
"So tbey do my son".
"For Heaven's sake! then, b
floks did God nnk-c?" ; r x'ion Guzel'e.
Not manv would feol in much Inimnr
for joking, wo should t'link. after the ex-
cuciueni oi catoutng a thief in one's
house, yet hero is an instance to the con
trary. A burglor was caught by a "en-
tleman in the back drawing room, and a
policeman sent for at once. "Ynn nncrht
to bo grateful to me,'' said tho theif, "in
stead of treating mo liko this 'cro. I only
came to tell you tho front door was nnen
and I was afoard you'd eet robbed."
'Excellent reasoning, nodoutit. mv frinml
said tho householder : but on tha wron"
premises, I fancy!''
TltOUIlLE IX TUB AoiltOVU.YOKS. I!nn.
siderablo excitement has been created at
Plattsburgh by the sale of liftv thousand
acres in the hoartof the Adirondack region
to a company of lumbor dealers. The
tract oovers tho region of St. Rogis Like
and the Upper Saranao, so well known and
loved by anglers. Tho purchasers intend
to build a track from the Ogdcnsburgh and
Lake Champlain railroad to the centor of
the wilderness and construct saw-mills at
many ptints along the line. The great
tract of splendid plno timber will be
despoilod ; the clear streams choked with
slabs and sawdust; the breeding places of
tho trout polluted, and every quality
destroyed that has given the North Woods
ueir attractiveness anu lame.
ThePRRSIDENT'S FLAli. Thu secretai-v
of the navy has approved fio design of
the flag to bo known and used in the navy
as the "president's flag.'' It is fourtcon
teet long by olovon wide, and Is madoof
navy bluo bunting. Iu tho centre is the
American coat of arms, an oaglo holdin"
n its mouth a ponnant inscribed "E Dluri-
bus unum," thirteen whito stars.' ronrn-
senting tho thirteen original states, arran
ged in a somi-oirole abovo tho coat of
arms. This flag will fly from tho main
mast of overv vessel used bv tho nresi.
dont. The first one to bo usod for this
service will fly from tho United Slates
steamer Despatch, when the president
leaves on that vessel lor .New York.
Glass Siiisolks. A Pittsburg firm lias
been granted a patent for tho manufac
ture of shingles composed of glass. It U
claimed for this material that it Is much
more durablo, strongor, and moro imper
vious to rain than slato or other substance
now usod. Thelnanufiicture of tho shin.
les will also 1)3 comparatively inexpen
sive, and they can bo placed in position
by any ordinary workman. Theso shin
dies iiavu int3 auvantagj over slate m sev
eral particulars. In cjnse.i'ience of their
liapo they lie solid oil the roof, can be
used on comparatively 11 it roofs, and they
win mi ion oi persons stepping on tnem
without danger of fracture a quality
which slate docs not possess. Thev are
inienocKeu so as to leave no interstices
between them; and one rivet holds each
pair of shingles, so that they cannot be
forced from thoir places bv the wind or
othor atmospheric disturb inccs. They
aro also made so ns to have very little
wasto material. It takes threo hundroi
slates, each eight inches bv twelve inches.
to cover what is technically known as n
square of roof, ta suture measuring
ten loot cither way.) but otic hundred anil
fifty of these shingles will suffice for the
same space. Ulass is likewise a non-con
duetor of electricity, and houses with those
roofs will need no lightning conductors.
Although the kind of glass intended to oe
used in these shiuglcs is non-transparent
lass, a roof with colored border and opal
escent body is said to bo very handsome.
Tub Vikisos. Theso Northmen, or
ikings, were not merely a far-awav peo
ple with whom wo have nothing in com
mon, but they really belonged to tho self
same raco of men with most of ourselves.
They wore, perhaps tho actual ancestors of
some living Americans, and kinsfolk tothe
majority. They were the same race who
conquered England, and were known as
Saxons; then conquered France, and wore
known as Normans; and finally crossed
over from Franco and conquered England
gain, llioso .Norse Vikings were, like
most of us, Scandinavians, and so were
reallv closer to us in blood and language
than was tbe groat Columbus.
What were tho ways and manners of
theso Vikings.' Wo must remember at
the outset that their name implies nothing
of royalty. They were simply the dwellers
on a vil:, or bay. They were, in other
words, the sea side population of tho Scan
dinavian peninsula, tlio only part of Eu
ropo which then sent forth a race of eca
rovers. They resembled in some respects
the Algerine corsairs of a later period,
but unlike the Algerines, they wero con
querors as well as pirates, and were ready
to found settlements whorcvor thoy wont.
Nor wero tho Vikings yet Christians, for
from tho time when Christanity came
among tbem their lifo became moro peace
ful. In tho prime of their heathonism
thoy were tho terror of i'.uropo. They
carriod thoir forays along tho whole conti- i
nent. Thoy entered overy port in England
and touched at every Island on the Scottish
coast- Ihoy sailed up tho Seine, and
Charlemagne, the ruler of Western
Europe, wopt at seeing thoir dark ships
in sight of Paris. They reached tho Med.
iterranean, and formed out of their own
numbor tho famous Varangian guard of
the lator Greek emperors, the guard which
is described by Walter Scott in Count
Rohcrt of J'aris. They reached Africa,
which they called " Saracens' Land." ami
thoro took eighty castles. All their booty
thoy sont back to Norway, and this wealth
included not only what they took from
enemies, but what they had from tho verv
courts thoy servod; for it was the practice
i.u vuua,n,ii.itiM. , itudii .Hi VIIIIUIUI UlCtl,
for tho Norso guard to go through tho
palacos and take whatevor thoy could hold
in their hands. To this day (irei k and
Arabic gold coins and chains nro found in
houses of tho Norwegian peasants, and
may bo seen in tho museums of Christiana
and Copordiagon, '. V, lliyjinson, in
Uaryct s Mnga int lor September.
NO- 34.
I he Horse,
(Concluded from 4lh pige.
ind think ye not that nu would have two
1t-linct lnoi'ds differing in s't", tempera
ment and lime of coming to maturity P
Suppose again, otiier similar pun-, onu
Irom each pair h to lie pii.:e in qui uefi
liastures, suppli d with :,n nluin lanee o
tin most highly nutritious grasses, thev
thrive bountifully, increase in bulk, height .
blekness every wav. eirly reaching their
mil sizn, requiring 'nothing Io induce cx
'ion, they become inactive, hxf, Mharpir
inn lat; now, bree, and continue ibiv
course of livi'mont, and by-nnd-liy vol
u.Miiniieii some oi the traits ami
i-n:ii.ic:i:risiics oi the "Durham," till
fcrswater." Suppose again, the others
iro placed upon a poor, barren pasture,
like unto tho Islo of Jersey or highlands
wo'iann, or the pastures of Devonshire,
or many pastures of liko character tint
ome nnd-r your own observation, obliged
to rotm far and long for a s'-aniy repi.
... i ki.i phiw, oeconie more ni
liintUT, ll uter in muscle. S i go in
the sam- kind r.f treatment from
mm m gener-i-io'i. hy and-by you will
m'-iui.-m-.- ii --native-:, whrn in fact
llietr will t,t,i.n 1. 1., .i. . ..i, ..
...... u, . "11,-vnn " .r
n.aaey. iims you will seo from tlii
faint picture what is meant by the law of
yi.r.uon, aim soino oi the causes among
"" i oniieo it. Advancing
step farther upon the point under consider,
ation, namely, the physiology of breeding
I will give you iho sentiment of C
Orton before the firincrs' clu!, at New
: .' pirontat intlaenee upon
offspring: ho says that "the male deter
mines the external character, tin l-'eni-:,l
..I'laiauue, 111 lact tue outward structun
uio locomotive po wers of the offspring, the
uunus, uwscies, limns, etc.: while the I'.
uiuio parentchielly determines the internal
iruc ures, vital organs, heart, liins
glands, digestive organs and givirnr tone
and character to t!io vital funetiim, 0I
secretion, nutrition and growth."
Now, then, I will leave this part of mv
subject, and you will please go with me
in the early part of May into your pasture
of beautiful green to seo tbo youno- colt fl
prefer this time for early colts, liko early
lambs, are tho best), when tho grasses are
teador, increasing in quantity, as well as
containing a largo and increasing amount
of saccharine juiecs.highly conducive to the
mother in the flow of milk, as woll as its
adaption to tike stomach and diestivi
organsofthecolt. I prefer this timeaain
because it gives age, and necessarily an
increased firmness of constitution to inoei
the inclemency of tho colder seasons I
would prefer that the colt should run with
its mother until five months old, therefore
would be weaned the 1st of October; it
gives the mother timo to recruit before the
winter. Now, it may bo asked, how
wou d you wean tho colt P I answer. I
would shut him up in a stable, standing
upon the ground on a largo amount ol
litter unler his feet to protect his limbs
as nine-tenths would become injured bv
standing upon a floor; there I would be
come familiarly acquainted with hiai. I
would begin to educate him. leach bim
his alphabet, some of tho fundamental
principles that underlay his futtrra edne.
tion, feeding rowou; nnd whon I thought
ho had become very thirsty I would offer
him a little wator dashed with milk, iu
creasing the milk nnd lessening the water
and if uut at first will very soon drink
milk m any condition that the pig will
eat it and relish it as well, and would "ive
mm from two to four quarts par day (be
lieving it mora adapted to the formation of
liotio, giving size, etc.,) nnd ad ho will jat
of good hay until next spring or time to
go to pasture, or you may let him go in
among the sltecp to get his hay in winter,
and ho will do finely and generally no in
jury to tho sheep; and I am certain you
will have i eared a tine colt at no great ex
p 'nso. I need not tell vou to pasture well.
Next winter let him run in a stable Ioo3e,
with enough of good hay to eat, standing
and lying upon his own excrements, well
strawed, and your colt has beoonie almn-t
a horso. Now the education of this c i't
commenced with his loss of liberty, nnd
when under restraint, so in proportion is
it complete, nurses diller in intelligence
imposition ana ieuip,:r; tnoso who are c
perls can readily gain a knowledge of t'n
character of any horso they pay much at
tention to by the siz position 'and inolinr
of the car. llot-es with rather small tin.
large ears, placed not too far apart, crec
and quick in motion, indicate both bice i
ing and spirit; nnd if a horse is in the
frequent habit of carrying one oar forward
and the other backward, especially if lie
docs so on a journey, ho will generally
possess spun anu en lur.ince, and ono ot
the surest evidences that your horso is
fatigued is, that his cars hang down ot
havo no motion, except in concert with
ins nony. i no stretching ol the cars in a
contrary direction, shows that ho is alien
live to everything passing around. Thus
if a man is a good reinstnan, ho watches
closely the cars of Ins horse that be mat-
read bis foelings, that he may be prepared
in advance of all ill or vicious moments.
The eye, too, is a pretty accurate index of
his toinpor; il he shows much of the white
of the eye, as wo say. ho is naturally dan
gerous, slyly watching for opportunities to
do mischief. But ull this may bo over
come, at loast nearly so If wo oomplete
their education, that is, bring them under
porfeet obedienco, subjection, under our
control. Prof. Rarey, tho -reat horseman,
astonished America, nnd then visited the
lords of the old world who weloomed him
as their guest, anxious to witness his al
most superhuman feats with tho horse,
subduing the wild and most vicious, ap
proaching and handling them ns indis
creetly and uncantiotuly ns regards being
injured as the maid would her poodle, the
child its kitten. Much wonder was made,
however, how it was dono. Tho supposi
tion generally was that bo administered
drugs. But not so ; no drugs, no whipping.
no bruisiug nor pounding. It wusouiv bv
tho adjustment of straps and oords, which
enabled him to orlng them under his con
trol, and when he was subdued ho was al
his will, no cords, no straps naked of
mom alt ho appears, and perfectly com
piles with ins induing, entirely within his
powor; and in thus bringing him to this
standpoint you can make an cllieient piece
of machinery of him, just in proportiou as
his intelligence will allow. That all are
not equally tractable, equally gifted, just
as varied as me human race in inlolligonce,
in brain, in temperament.
well, then, now wo havo our perfect,
young, uno steoj, having consummated
his education, wo make a practical piece of
machinery ot htm, obedient to our wills,
progressing in knowledge iust in propor
tion ns wo apply him in reciting or re
hearsing his rudiments, lossonsand all the
incidents appertaining thoroto. But this
is not all. Wo loarn from all that is
around ti.s that decay loaves her Impres
sion, tiiue wears out, obliterates, however
well wc obey tho lawsofour bcingor study
tho laws hat govern tho creation. Wo
love this horse, huw symmetrical, how
kind, how gracefully ho moves ; wo arc de
sirous to Keep him so that ho may last as
long, or nearly so, as nature designed ho
should. And you begin to inquire: How
shall 1 work, licw shall I drive, how shall
I feed ? etc. Well, few nro tho farmers
that need any caution in roferonco to driv
ing, if they would but feed right; such is
the fact in reference to work on tho farm,
though you mil st i not expect an elegant
driver while ho Is drilled nnd jaded upon
tho farm. Then tho secret is in feeding
and caring for, such as suitablo stabling0,
grooming, iihukotlng.elc. In reforen.ee to
sr.vi'.t.KS,
I would have ono warm enough so that
my horse would scarcely ever need a
TERMS FOK ADVEll'ilSINU.
F'r oue f-iuatv of i linen nr lew .
i!jnrt.')ii, 4i.i ; fi.-. .it t-.4j
l'ulei tli i.im-h ! It wu U
lvr.i.ru)iit it to..: o. ruii:i
rl i f i.t rti'te to til
by ill
..HTf HU-'i ' if.
For irti-. ui :,ti.. lit-.o-, j
ul iMi-.iit Liuut (Ur iar!ifin.i.i
f Wt typt. frjt.6
-..- rti m, 25 cia.
.i..ui..Jiri;i -mJL
au'i tlt"-s 1 tr
tnrwi tDRt'i-tmu. Ifaeull.y i
cumji-iji tiie ivit r.
i , U. l . lor
Nntifpgfii m'Wi '.iiHiMi,li)i:
tluU, bul UO ( Uurtfr UieMiu Ml 11
i IliJ t 'KJl-'.'b'M.
N'jtlci of pi-atim -mil Marria-ea :ltIi.j irntiii. I.nt
pxl.lr! Otntiurr Nunc, ..f p.irtr.- will uu cL,rMls
al the rate of & . truta t-r liui.
blanket. I wonld prefer an earth floor,
hut if wood, huve tho Halls nearly or quite
level and slated to keep dry. No rack io
draw hay from, but a box or mungnr of
medium heigluh in which to Insert his
in-.id fie-iv with tubes from above coming
into opp. -lie ends for hay nnd grain. By
all means have the room of gin d lieighlh,
well ligbied and ventilated, windows in
front of tbe st:ll if pnihlo Willi space
wide enough for walk, a desirable access
io the stalls whtn a horso is cast cr vi
cious.
1EKDIM1.
This is a quosti-m of study, yet there
ue general rules, uue is regularity in
f 'd.cg, another is v.iricty of food nnd
(jumtiiy. But the main thing is to study
your horse, for from the laws of breeding
and of eliuiiiie. causing variation, great
o.s-;.iaiilarity in digestion and assimilation
is brought about. I have had horses dn
-jremlidly on cut hy and meal, while I
would not and seldom do I use tho ha
.-i.tter; if my horse is thick winded I feed
-mall quantity ol hay wet, with dry meal
iv. up-ii it. A horse whose digestive
'rgniii nre very active and he Is of a nerv
ous temperament, scours upon the road
iv hui driven. I use dry meal', with hay in
the rack to be used at same time if desir
ed (which is invariably). Another very
excellent way for me to feed many horses
is to feed corn on the ear, saving toil, etc.,
a cheap way in every respect.
oi:vi- MIXTI HE.
Four bushels of corn, one of rye ami ono
of oits; I mean corn without the cob
(noiigh some horses do splendidly on cob
m-al wet up into dough) feedsug such
quantities two or three times in a day,
regular in timo and quantity as needed to
pei l'orm the work engaged iu. A clean
n inger.is evidence of good fceung; for a
trictly driving horso, as a rule, no grain
for all seasons of tho year liko oats. Work
oig loam should not have too ooncentmtsd
food in hot weather, some shorts or oats
mixed with corn meal should certainly b
used for the safety of tho animal's health
and then if well groome l,;hedded, rubbed
blanketed when driven to perspiration
there is no trouble but what he will drive
well. Ihe reason why our fanners. especi
ally back ;npon the bills havo so many
hick winded, heavy horses is. thev hed
too much hay and little or no grain, and
if at all just before they start, abut hat
enough to fill a forty gallon cask; hence
they are burdened bv the lunes beinir
crowded, unsusceptible to fill with air
properly, and were is a bursting of the a r
cells, thereafter Incapable of proper respi
ration, out ii a norse is properly led on
concentrated food and watered properly
ho can be driven to his natural gait and
perhaps more for hours in succession and
n it injure him, if properly cared for dur-
ng me time and alter the jonrney. On
.- road a horse should have but a trifle
of water, mor hotses ten to one are injur-
I by water than any other wav. My
horse when standing in the barn t would
nreror that he have but three nails of water
daily, and as to feed after driving. I have
no hesitancy in giving him his usual feed
as soon as in the stable. I am aware the
cry is grain founder, but I verily believe
tne cause is annxing too much culil water
or becoming chilled by standing in some
opening. If I feed my horse as soon as
stopped driving I feed him when the
stomach is dilated rather than contracted,
s iving mm irom tno colic many times.
as to driving; u you Dave a colt vou
wish to keep lor your own driving begin
with him in his infancy, keep him under
uuii cjn'r.il, within yonr power: gentlv.
Kindly educate him to love yon yet to fear
hi. ue is a creature ol habit, he will
uniform to yosr feelings, disposition. If
yo.i aro a nervous man you will have a
nervous horse, a a rule. If you are a care
less, awkward blunderbuss, such will ho
your horse to a very great extent; but if
you aro straightforward, mind to yonr
work, your eye will bo on your horso
witching his oar, your reins up in your
bands, your horse iu the road or whore
you desire. Now it m.ikos but littlo differ
eaci! who breaks that colt except to make
hiii kind, for he is going to conform to
t o habits of his !.ubseiiucnt driver, then
dim t pay out large sums of money totrarrf
y tir colts.
Will it piy to raise colls? I say t-hcie
in- a certain class of nicii that can make
i iiiy butter Hun cattle, a colt can be
ruscd to tkii'O years old nearly as cheap
as a three year-' old steer, and ho will
bring twice as much. Ssll him tbon, as a
rule, and nine times out of ten it will pay
b.'l'ei- tb in later What shall wn raise
'hen? Fine, active roadsters, weighing
fioiu nino and a half lo eleven hundred
pounds, full of muscle, not struggle for the
14 gait and less, but good square ;! 1-2
to i 1-2 minute horses, or ten to twelve
mills an hour and for several hours in
suceosion if need b , good stylo and cour
age, and the market is always good fi r
such horses if you wish to sell, if not, a
luxury In yourself as well us advuiita
goous. Thi n raise dtaft horses to certain
extent, twelve hundred or mole, ami the
breed yon may ask: a hilt blool Clyds
dale makes a good horse or Norman. Iu
tlio west they are lining largely with
them. The full bload sires weigh from
sixteen to twenty hundred pounds, the
half bloods from twenty'six lo thirty -'.wo
to pair. What for thedriving horse? I
sigh for the Morgan, tho Vermont Mor
gan whose fame was beraldod the world
ovor; that pluck, style, action, short, quick
gait made him admired. Many ot yoa
remember when the Black Hawk, tbe
Green Mountain were so prided over;
when mil & Hall would so majestically
lead around the track of our fair ground
those noble sires with long strings of their
progeny. How our admiration was filled;
we knew and felt we had better horses
than all the world beside. But what has
beoonie of them? Shrewd men vio knew
their value, with their money has excited
our avarice and we parted with them.
Many went west, 'nd their nrogenv wo
are now importing back to Vermont to
meet ns well we can our demands. A sad
mistake in parting with those noble borne.
for love or money. If we had had such
men as Campbell, Hammond, Townshend,
.ueaa, aucKuoy. iMuora, Uonediot. Hull.
Ramsay. Cushing, Bridge. Fuller. Hall
and others who sacredly hold to the rem
nant of their flock the standard of tbe
world, and whose sons have organized
into the Vermont Merino sheep breeders'
association, to perpetuate the blood of
that noble sheep, which after being
brought from the old country andcarefullv
bred, sons and daughtors returned to thoir
native land, as it were, to Hamburgh for
exhibition and there amid all the rivalry
and prejudice, recoived the first premium.
I say if we had had such men to have
saved a remnant even of that noble strain
of horses in its purity we. as agriculturists.
could well aflord to havo built them
lasting monument in memory of tho de
serving deed, as well as to those who
savod tho Vormont sheep, who so fully
desorve it and their sons in perpotuation
thereof. Wo havo n few worthy horses,
and may wo so carefully breed that tlio
timo will come when the beautiful trio
can bo heralded tho wide world over nn-
brokon Vermont for fino sheep, horses
and women.
Because it has been said that " the klan
prophet" will join Arab! Bey, lots of poo-
pic suppwsu v uonor is going to emlgrato .
Fond wifo "How strange! Everv
uuiu 1 cier comes uonio irom toe lodge he
comes to bod with his hat on. But I surf,
pose it is sonii moro of those MtsaulV:
doings."