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4 THE ST. JOIINBSURY CALEDONIAN, FEBRUARY 22, 1899. THE PHILIPPINES. ailm.pt. ol Camp Lite Around ilanlla. That the natives of the Philippines knew very little about tho United States before Dewey's jfniiH awoke the. echoes of Manila- hay was plainly shown by their attitude toward the xrvnt American dollar. They knew absolute ly nothing alnnit American money when our camp was first established nt t'a vite. Upon landing we found that our silver dollars were of no use to them apparently. At first they would not ac cept one. of them, but later American dollars passed current, the same as Span ish and Mexican. Thin condition of af fairs our boys were not slow in taking advantage of. Whenever they received American change for Spanish or Mexi can money they exchanged on the eqnality basis so popular with the na tives, and as every American dollar is as valuable as two Mexican or Spanish j dollars tnc soldier hoys otfen made a considerable profit on the transaction. The natives are shrewd, however, and in a very short time they had mastered tho new problem in finance and were carefully storing away all their Ameri can money. When wo captured Manila, we found that the shopkeepers were fully conversant with the situation and every American dollar would buy tho same amount as two Spanish dollars or two Mexican dollars. This fact, how ever, was somewhat offset by the speedy advance in prices. This is the land of cigars and ciga rettes, for here everybody from t lie over grown pickaninny to tho head of tho family rolls the cigarette fir smokes tho cigar. Smoking is not an expensive lux tiry in tho Philippines, for cigars and cigarettes are extremely cheap. One odd feature in connection with our oc cupation of Manila is tho fact that tho natives have taken a great fancy to our jdng chewing tobacco and will give al most anything they possess in exchange for it. Our hard tack also seems to fill a want with the Filipinos, and they will fairly take the clothes off their backs for an American onion. In tho United States the American soldier is not particularly fond of rice, but this climate seems conducive to an appetite for this nutritions cereal, and it is now a popular food in tho camps. Since the fall of Manila barrack life has been very monotonous, especially to the volunteers. There is plenty to do every day, but one day is just like an other. Thero is tho continuous routine of guard duty, but routines aro not in spiring to the ordinary soldier, who 6inco ho has come into possession of the coveted-city of the Philippines is some what anxious, it must be confessed, to return home. About tho only alluring prospect nt present is tho possibility of a brush with tho Filipinos. Notwith standing the monotony of his routine existence, however, the soldier here has some opportunities for enjoyment. For instance, there is Hie surf bathing in Manila bay. It compares very favorably With the bathing at Atlantic City or the Sutro baths at San Francisco. Hun dreds of soldier bathers are to bo seen every day on the beach in front of Camp Dewey. Manila bay is usually comparatively placid, but now and then a storm causes great waves to come rolling in on tho sandy beach, and in these waves the soldiers disport themselves. While this invigorating surf has been a great pleas ure to the boys, it lias also robbed them of quite a unmber of square meals since they have been here. When the third expedition arrived at Manila, the surf was rolling fo high, that for some time we were unable to procure supplies from the ships. Not a few of the lighters were capsized, and some of our men ' were treated to an involuntary plunge in the bay. One of these accidents caused the Astor battery to lose a large amount of ammunition. When we were camped at Camp Dewey, our touts were set up in a pea nut field. On these islands rice patches only occupy a few square yards of land. but peanuts are raised on an immense scale about Manila bay. A field spacious enough for a camp which holds 10,00(1 men is certainly a large one, and such was the size of the huge peanut field known the world over by this time as Camp Dewey. The field, or rather the series of fields all in one. extends for nearly two miles along the bay side of the Pasig road, and reaches in width probably 1 50 yards to the wooded and native residence district which fringes the bay. Another feature of the life at Camp Dewey was the foraging, an experience that was more enjoyable to the soldiers who foraged than to the natives who were foraged upon. Fresh chickens or ducks and other eatables were naturally in great demand, and now and then they mysteriously disappeared from the premises of the natives. The wood de tail was one which the boys always dreaded, yet it was a very important ono when it is considered that the re sult of the cooking depended upon the character of the fuel supplied by the men. At first trees were cut, and bam boo formed much of the foel. Later the natives complained, and orders forbid- ding tho cutting of any timber were issued from headquarters. It theJ. bo' came necessary to forage for tho wood, Often it was gathered on tho shores of tho bay, being the wreckage cast np from the sea. Sometimes thero wero unearthed water soaked timbers with all sorts of figureheads and quaint carv ings. There are alwavs little incidents of cam) life which, unimportant, and ir relevant to the general work of tho army, no doubt, make interesting and gossipy reading for tho people at home. Especially is this true in a camp on foreign soil, amid strange conditions and circumstances, thousands of miles from home. In the neighborhood of tho camp are large tracts of bamboo, which proved most useful in making our quarters tenantable. The little "dog tents," with the use of long bamboo crosspieces and bamboo sticks, wero raised a foot or two from the ground, and bamboo beds wero put into the tents to enable tho men to keep dry Bamboo beds are the only kind used in the country districts and wero purchas ed from the natives for a Mexican dol lar each. These and additions to the little tents made with gum hlankets, ponchos and whatever clotli the men could gather up made life here during the incessant ram not all n trial and disappointment, but even at that camp life is not all "ono long, sweet song. Altogether the American soldiers in the Philippines have a genuine respect for the fibrous bamboo, and henceforth to them a bamboo rod will awaken other memories than those of a fishing trip and the landing of gamy trout and sportive buss. Scarcely had our camp been estab lished on the shores of Manila bay than the native fruit venders set up their stands in adjacent fields, much the same as the siirt'is, hucksters and canteen keepers gather around our camps at home. These fruit stands of the natives are decidedly picturesque and as numer ous as they are picturesque and as rude as they are numerous. The native fruit stands are not, however, confined to tho camp, but are scattered quite thickly along the public highways. Indeed nearly every native house is n fruit Ftaud, or rat her the front porch where there is a porch is utilized for this pur pose. Here tho women and children, even the men, sit, all day long crying, "Unns banana, nuns centavol"or dish ing out rice or vending cocoannts, man goes or other fruit. Before our troops came here much had been said regarding the unhealth fnlness of the fruit of tho Philippines, and the soldiers were repeatedly can tinned against its use during the early days of our occupancy. With tho fruit in sight and the commissary rations rather common, and not very plenty at that, they paid little heed to the warn ings. They have devoured tho fruits in great quantities, and the result has not beflii deleterious. On the other hand, the froits have proved healthful, palata- bio and wholly beneficial to the soldiers. The mango is a favorite. It is a flat. pear shaped fruit the size of an apple, and has a seed as big as a maple sugar cake. hile there is really little fruit about a mango, what thero is of it is good. The flavor of the mango is very rich. There are cocoannts hero by the houseful and bananas by the woods ful. Tho Philippine pineapple is the only real common variety of fruit raised hero. Breadfruit has not found favor among our soldiers. If you havo ever eaten a May apple, which grows wild in tho woods of Pennsylvania, you have nn excellent idea of the taste of bread fruit. It somewhat resembles a cocoa nut in size und shape and a peach in the appearance of the skin and a straw berry apple in color. While doubtless most of the volunteer soldiers here would welcome a return to home aud native land, they are in tho main cheerful and contented and recognize the fact that there may be worse things than campaigning in the Philippines. Social Conditions and Customs. When one begins to tell about t"he queer old capital city of the Philippines set here on the western coast of Luzon and at the mouth of the noble Pasig, whose waters carry down from the in terior golden grains of sand, one has an almost endless theme. It is a storv of fascinating interest. Every one of the 37H years which have elapsed sinco the discovery of these islands by Magellan Biid each ono of the 827 years which have been numbered with the past since first the banner of Castile and the holy cross were planted hero is filled with events which in themselves would fill volumes. In this tropical clime, beneath the sun's scorching rays, which come down so straight that a sentinel cannot dodge them, thero are many tilings of an intense and absorbing interest. When one tires of listening to tho hor rors of the past and to tho dark tales of Spanish oppression and misrule, one can turn his mind elsewhere and lose no interest becanso of tho change. Indeed Manila is a somber place. Tho great walls, fortifications and arma ments to bo seen everywhere keep tho idea of defenses uppermost in the mind, Manila has many fine boulevards, and on these in tho cool hours of the even ing Manila's society may bo seen driv ing along in tho queer open carriages in which ono lounges rather than sits while riding. Tho spirited littlo ponies jog along merrily. Tho Spanish ladies, some of whom aro extremely handsome. bareheaded and dressed in light gauzy fabrics suitable to tho climate, are very pleasing to tho sight. Their dark eves, which flash in a peculiar way, half satirical, and their pearly teeth sparkling through smiling lips add to their charms. But they aro most loyal to the "lout cause," and their smiles are not for Americans. While the Span ish senors are in many case's quito friendly to ns, tho senorusnnd senoritus are not so. In normal times there is a great deal of social activity among the Spanish and other European residents here, and out in tho delightful San Miguel, whero dwell the wealth and society of Manila, thero wero many gay festivities, but war jmt an end to all that.'and the evening drives and promenades seem to be tlie only recreations in which Manila now indulges. Even cockfighting, the great national sport of the islands, seems to havo fallen into decay, and if one wants a little amusement out of the ordinary one is at his wits' end to find it. The midday siesta, which for a time threatened to be given up, is still en joyed by everybody who aims to be classed as somebody. But this midday Pnlncc of the Military sleep of Manila does not mean that the city is as lazy as it was under Spanish rnle, when it slept nearly all of the day. Under tho present regime early in tho morning and in tho evening the city is astir. The shops at eventide are ablaze with brilliant lights, tho Escolta is crowded with pedestrians, and the Cascada, tho Metello and the Lunetta are filled with gay equipages. Our soldiers aro falling into tho ways of tho midday siesta, and our officials have come to realizo that our hustling methods, as practiced in temperate climes, will noi go in this land, whero tho sun con tinuously pours its rays straight down. Like all slow going Asiatic towns, Manila is today very much the same as it has been for centuries, though the coming of the Americans has infused some new life and vigor into the sleepy old place. The original town, founded by Legaspi, is known as Old Manila, and is located between the Pasig river and the buy. Thia is the famous walled city whose fortifications were begun early in its history and have been coil tinned down to the present day. New Manila, commercial Manila, lies on the opposite side of the Pasig and on very low ground, being only a foot or so above tho tide. Binondo, Santa Cruz nnd San Miguel are the districts lying along the Pasig, with San Sebastian, Sampolia and other districts back from tho river. Binondo is the center of Ma nila's commerce. The fortifications are among the most interesting features of Old Manila. Running along bay and river, the two walls of the old city form an acute an gle. These walla are connected by oth ers on the land side, which Oy half a dozen angles cover tho mile und a half between bay and river. Un the bay side the fortifications extend over a mile, Hnd on the Pasig half that distance. Within tho main city are inclosed prob ably three square miles of territory. The walls are pierced by eight gates. On the bay side aro Puerto Santa Lucia and Puerto Portigo; on tho land side, fronting tho fortifications, aro Puerto Heal aud Puerto Del Parian ; on the land side, overlooking the river, are Puerto Isabel and Puerto Santo Domingo, and Mi tho Pasig side, looking toward the point, are Puerto Adriana and Puerto Almanne. All of these thrice century old gates have their drawbridges, lookouts nnd other mediieval arrangements, and while none has been closed for some years, the old machinery remains in perfect condition. Surrounding the whole fortifications is a system of great moats, flooded by the tide. There are many interesting public buildings, churches and private dwell ings in Old Manila. Theeapitol, or the ancentiinento, as the Spanish call it, is located here, and whero Augustin formerly ruled our government officials now direct affairs on these islands. The cathedral of Old Manila was built in 1578, and, although it has endured sev eral earthquakes, which have shattered its towers, it still stands. Old Manila is fronted on tho bay sido by the Metello, a fashionablo drive way and promenade, where Spanish so ciety formerly disported itself, but which is now thronged by American soldiery and Spanish prisoners. Be yond the Metello along the bay is the famous La Lnnetta, where the Spanish army formerly held its drills and pa rades. Here it was formerly the custom for the wealth and beauty of the Phil ippine capital to enjoy the cool evening breezes, when the Lunetta was contin nally thronged with carriages and pe destrians. The Spanish military bauds furnished music on such occasions, and there were indeed merry scenea It was order that nono might fail to recognize and salute him. The Lnnctta is now the camp ground of our soldiery. Our troops now parade and drill here, where the Spanish legions formerly wero marshaled. Extending from the Lunetta around in front of the old city to the Puenta do Espana is the Cuscada Aquada, a famous drive way. Along its course is the Seventy' tnira iiarracks, where a body or our troops is now quartered. Beyond it is the Bot anica Jardin, which was partial ly destroyed by tho Spaniards to check our advances. From the Puenta de Es' pana toward the point along the river extends tho famous Avenue de la Magel lanes. So much for Old Manila and the un happy memories which it carries with it. Ivew Manila lies just across the Pa sig, which is spanned by three fine bridges. It extends along tho river for four or five miles and back toward tho mountains. Binondo, the principal commercial section of tho city, lies along tho river from tho Pnonta de Es pana to tho bay. It contains tho custom house, clearing house, banks, offices of foreign firms nnd most of the shops and stores. Manila s Chinatown is in Bi nondo. In the milo of river front between the Puenta de Espana and the bay the Pasig presents a busy scene. Since the block ado was raised and commerce restored the river is filled with the ships of all nations. At present the largest steam ers cannot enter the Pasig, but dis charge and receive their cargoes by Governor of Manila, lighter in the bay. With vessels of a certain draft part of the cargo can be loaded and unloaded in the river. Prior to tho beginning of the war the Spanish had harbor improvements under way, which when completed will provide dockage in the Pasig for the largest craft. It is likely that our government will complete these improvements. Just beyond the Escolta is located the Chinese quarter, and here upward of 60,000 Celestials live in closely crowded quarters. The Chinese settlement in Manila forms a civilization all of its own. The Chinese are thrifty and in dustrious, and here as elsewhere they have prospered in spite of persecutiona Manila has several millionaire Chinese merchants and hundreds of wealthy Celestial shopkeepers and manufac turers. The population of Manila is a most heterogeneous one Chinese, Japs, Ma lays, Portuguese, English, Dutch, Ger mans, Americans and all the rest. It is doubtful whether there is an Asiatic nationality which is not here represent ed. The native population by far out numbers all other classes of people. The natives, next to the Chinese, are most energetic in business. William Gilbert Irwin. A Baby's Hood and Vest. The hood shown in the cut is made of white split zephyr and one and a half ounces aro required, or knitting silk may bo used. Begin in the center of the back with a ring of 0 single chain stitches. With the zephyr doublo work 24 s c into the ring and continue round and round, placing an s c in s c and widening often INFANT'S CROCHETED HOOD. enough to make the work lie flatly. Make the plain crown 5 inches in diam eter, or 20 rows deep, taking up both stitches each time. The remainder of tho work is done in crazy st, 2 rows go ing all around the crown and the rest just going over the front to form the headpiece. Make the sts thus: 5 d c in tniru st trom the hook, 3 ch, s c in same place, skip 3 sts, 5 d c in next, 2 ch, s c in same place, and continue to end of the row ; turn, 5 d c under 2 ch, 2 ch, s c in same place, and repeat to end of tho row. In making the next row 8 groups of doubles are loft at the neck, and tho hood is finished by working bnck and forth. After making 3 or 4 more rows, if tho hood seems to flare too much at the top, narrow a group on each sido for several rows. Narrow by plac ing tho hook through two of the 2 ch instead of ono. When the hood is wide enough finish the edge with a shell of 6 d c in each 2 ch and fastened between two of the groups by a d c. With knit ting silk crochet a ch all round the edge and make tho bow for the top and the ties or satin riblion. The little vest illustrated is knitted in Saxony wool and will fit an infant from a fortnight to 5 or ff months old. It is moderately high at the neck ana tnis long sloevea Materials: 1 IPs JV'"vV-''. vfjiV .11. Ai tk,y'XjAi,Jl jff ' ounce wool and a pair of No. 10 bone needles. Cast on 72 sta Knit 20 rows of ribbing, 8 pi, 8 plain. Twenty-first row, plain. Twenty-second row, 8 plain, 8 pi. Continue these two rows until 80 rows have been knitted; then for tho shoulder on the first 24 sts work the same pattern, decreasing 1 by knit ting 2 together at tho commencement of the plain row until thore are only 15 sts; work 8 rows upon these 15 sts and cast off. Fasten the wool to the stitches still upon tho noedlo nnd cast off 24 sts for tho middle of the neck. On the 24 remaining sts work ns for the other shoulder, decreasing at the end of the plain row instead of at the beginning. Take up at the nock 100 sts; work. First row, plain. Second row, purL Third row, plain. Fourth row, INFANT'S knitted vest. make 1, k 2 together, k 1, 83 timea Fifth row, plain. Sixth row, purL Seventh row, plain. Cast off. This forms one half of the vest. Knit the other half in the same way and sew np the shoulders and sides, leaving S4 inches open for the armliolea For the sleeves, cast on 48 sta Knit 12 rows of 3 plain, 3 pi. Thirteenth row, plain. Fourteenth' row, 8 pi, 8 plain. Continue these two rows until the sleeves are of the desired length, then cast off and sew the sleeves into the armhole. Run narrow ribbon in the holes of the neck. The two articles described are among a number of attractive pieces of cro cheted and knitted work for which the New York Designer presents illustrated instructions. AVlilinslcHl Advertisements. The author of "Pages From a Private Diary" gives some whimsical advertise ments, as, for instance: "Respectable girls, about 18, wanted for bottling." And trom a bookseller s catalogue: 'Clergymen. A fine collection of 200 clergymen, consisting of Protestant ministers, Roman Catholics, Weslevau Methodists, Unitarians and Presbyteri ans, nice clean lot 5 shillings." Xot a German. "Did you enjoy the german the other night, Miss Daisy?" asked Tinkleton. "He wasn't a German, Mr. Tinkle ton," answered Daisy innocently ; "he's an Englishman." Harper's Bazar. Meerschaum is a silicate of magnesia and is to be found chiefly in Asia Minor, Jjjeepp and Madrid-. A Charming Toilette Pearl-gray cloth is associated with cerise velvet in this toilette and effective decoration is afforded by gray silk passementeries. The square yoke and puffs inserted at the top of the two-seam sleeves are of the cerise velvet finely tucked ; the standing collar is of the tucked velvet, with a turn-over portion of the cloth. The sleeves are finished at the wrists with fancifully shaped cuffs headed with a band of the passementerie; another band of this trimming is arranged below the shouldor puffs. Tho passementerie follows the loose edges of the over-front and back, and covers tho straps of cloth which are adjusted over tho shouldors. Tho shirt is a seven-gored modo simply decorated with a single band of the passementerie outlining the left side-front seam. A folded girdle of velvet is worn with the dainty toilotte. Both of these designs wore sccu in a recent number of The De lineator. Grace In Dress. Tlainly woven fabrics for over-skirts and waists to wear over brocaded skirts are much in vogue and remind ono of the last time tho over-skirt was here. The stylo is a convenient ono in that it allows two gowns to be fashion ionably made into ono. The dolman's speedy return to general popularity may be safely anticipated. It is a gracoful and convenient shoulder cover for "Wintor wear or as a comfortable utility wrap. Winter, shirt-waists or blouses mado of plain, striped or plaided volveteen, flannel cashmoro, camel's-hair and similar fabrics have found favor and in texture and colors they suggest luxurious warmth. Touches of color are given ihcso waists if needed by club ties or other nock dressing. Changeable surahs aro among practicable fabrics for homo and matinee gowns and negligees. Tho two tones permit charming combinations with other colors for vests, long full fronts, etc. White broadcloth is one of the feason'a favored materials for bridesmaids' gowns. Shaped in Princess fashion or with cutaway coats, they are charming ; they may always ba illuminated by flowers, choux of satin or velvet, also by girdles and stocks or by lashes. From The Delineator. One of the Questions Now asked by Mercantile Agen cies when ascertaining a man's credit is, "How much INSUR ANCE docs he carry?" If he is well insured they regard him better because he has arranged to take care of his obligations even unto death. "THE BEST INSURANCE IN THE WORLD," NATIONAL Life Insnrance Co,, MONTPELIER, VT. W. TV, SPRAGUE, General Agent, St. Johnabnry, Vermont. Mid-Winter Sale Continued! This Week a General Markdown of all Stamped Goods. THIS INCLUDES DOYLIES, CENTER-PIECES, TEA CLOTHS, BUREAU SCARFS, PICTURE FRAMES, GLOVE and HANDKER CHIEF CASES, LAUNDRY BAGS, SLIPPER CASES, TABLE SPREADS, PILLOW COVERS. HELEN F. CARPENTER, 87 'Eastern Ave-, Sr. Johnsbury, Vt, An Evening in the Philippines. Y. M. C. A. COURSE, MUSIC HALL FRIDAY, FEB. 24, 1899 ILLUSTRATED FRANK R. ROBERSON. This lecturer who has made lOOO public appearances has just returned from Manila with hundreds of views and a personal message from Dewey to his Vermont friends. Tickets at Bingham's 35 and 50 cents. IT IS TIME TO THINK OF- Spring JUST A WOED ALONG THE LINE. Some Dealers may tell you that owing to the advance in cost of Wall Papers they are not able to sell any papers less than 7 or 8c per roll this spring. You don't care how, when or. where we secured our Spring Stock. Suffice to say we own our papers at prices that will enable us to open the season with some good white hack (no colored backs in our stock) papers at from 4 1 2 cents per single roll up. Our sample books are now ready, come In and feast yourself upon them and at the some time see what a nice -SMOULDING8 we can furnish to match the paper at a cost of from 50c to $1.25 per room. 25 new styles to select from. Samples of paper sent when request- Sweeping Reductions on all Winter Lines of Dry Goods from now until March 1 Our Remnant Counter Is saving many a dollar for the economical buyer and at the same time clearing our counters for Spring Merchan dise. The earlier you come the better will be the assortment for your choosing, at ST. JOHNSBURY. $1.00 We wish to call special at tention to the Ladies Button boots marked down from $5, $4, and $3, to $1.00, as advertised in our mark down sale. These shoes are sizes 2'2, 3, and 3'2 common sense style, The only trouble with them is the smallness of the sizes, and we are selling larger sizes of the same shoes at the old prices, viz. $5, $4, and $3. Every lady with a foot small enough to wear 3'a or less should take advantage of this extremely low p;ice. BONDY'S SHOE STORE 0. B. WEEKS manager Mclndoes Academy Mclndoe Falls, Vermont COLLEGE PREPARATORY ANE BUSINESS COURSES. Spring term begins March 7, 18991 Address the principal, CARLTON D, HOWE. LECTURE BY Papering LOUGEE BROS. & SMYTHE.