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Essex Cojf Herald. FINE JOBPRINTING. I t,t0(9-Waupplll with si I tbrqutilct .i doing r.t.cla-a Job frialtog Hu.Ib. .1 ii-uiitlv riroulr , i.i.iso bi-, uwim' amirs. , ,,ltlfa lHl. UlIIL1, bl, !,( CAHUS, tU'HiUAUMlt, U Li'mi'l, mix Htii'i. ii i or I a(, arATkHiLiirt, OIIKCAIII4. rArHIHT, u ami kd inuuLAit S4-AII order by wall will recti? prompt auc-utton. W H. hoHOP, Island Pood, Tt. Essex County Herald W. H. BISHOP. Publisher. ISSUED EVERY FRIDAY -AT- ISLAND POND, VT. I'l.vornit hi run iMj.iiKsK in in-:x roixiy, VOL. XXIII. ISLAM) POM), VT., FlilDA V, JTLV . isii:.. NO. II. TERMS! St. 50 Per Year, in Advance U. MAN8UR. 'ahorney at law, And Solicitor in Chancery, Island Pond, Yaraaont. II. ATTORNEY AT LAW. Cutta, VaiiuoBi. Biulnow bj wall or oUiwvIm protaplly ttuaJ4 W ; D. HALE, 'attorney at law, L.uunuiir. VV A LKHKl) K. KVA.N8. ATORNEY AT LAW, AM) SOTAUV I'LULIO. Oflli ovsr Pui Oirh-w, UuiuiAM, N. H AH I uiiuM by ui ill or otharwhM promptly attended to. V. M O IT, ' PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, tWMoe In ll' VniH'i' Itlook, LUNENBURG, VT. ATK- X. MAY, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, IT. .IOIIKMIIUUY, - VT. PHYSICIAN WD SURGEON, Island Pond, TV Offlc tt rasidsno on Croat BtrMA J sCIIOr F, 'watchmaker and jeweler, Ziot Street, Island Pond, VI, H. BENNET DUNTON, Veterinary Surgeon, COtTICOOK, QU.. P. 0. BOX 153. Graduate MiGill Veterinary College. Will be at Stewart Home, Island Pond, Kvei-.v Thursday. tails by 'mail, telephone or telegraph promptly attended to. Charges moderate. Dental Notice. 1 mike Artificial Teeth without rubber or lijtlulic plahs. Gold crowns, Porcelain Crowns and Bridge Work a Specialty. DM. It. G. FICKETT, Dentist, 243 Middle St., - - Portland, Me. W. BTEVKS8, DEPUTY SHERIFF tor Orlaans County. Offloti at J. 8. 8w nay's. East Chakuesto, Yirmokt. BILLIARDS. POOL. CIO ARM yy w. oheskv' BARBER, Island Pona House, Island Pond, Tt. Hair Cutting, Shaving, Hhamitooiug an4 Dyeing. Cutting M isat'and Children's Hall a ipaeialty. Raton thoroughly honsd. MELCHER -:- HOUSE, tUtOVETON, N. II. TIBBBTTS & McNALLT, - Proprietor! I'atrom conveyed to and from Btatloa Vss Llvsry Btable ro:riet"d II. Ji.NK v ' DENTIST. JUNK'S UMK'K, COATICOOK. P. 0 At Essex Homo, Island Pond, Vt., tht flnt Wednesday In snub month. ueo. M, Stevens & Son, JENERAL INSURANCE A0ENTSt La.tr, N. U. Orders left wilh L. A. Cobb, at tha Island Pond National Bank, Island Pond, Vt., will receive prompt attention. SUTTON BROTHERS -:- JJentists -:-Coatlcook, P. Q. and Island Pond, Yt. At Essex House, Island Pond, Vt., first Monday and Tuesday and the Ulo and MU f eaoh month. LOOK HERE! Cure that Headache" WITH Robinson's Headache Powders, Stop that Cough WITH Robinson's Syrup Tola Glycerin Cure Biliousness or Constipatioi hy usixa Robinson's iS! Liver Pills. ViHt SUFFER WHEN THESE DISEASE ARE SO EASILY CURED! Sold Rtreryif here. MAMJPACTUKED BY THE ROBINSON MEDICINE CO WoodsvllU. X. H. Essex County Herald. The Licyole, if is iaid, Las very se riously injured the business of Denver (Col.) street cars. The present Lords of the Admiralty in England are giving the new pro tected cruisers very effective name. Three are to be called the Arrogant, the Furious and Vindictive. The Massachusetts Supreme Court has decided unconstitutional a law compelling the railroads to sell at rul ing rates mileage tickets good on any railroad. Michigan has, however, re cently passed a similar law. The proverbial needle in a haystack was found by a cow in Watertown, H. D., a week or two sgo. The clever ness of the animal's performance of the hitherto thought impossible feat is perhaps marred because of the fact that she was not hunting for it. The unfortunate animal found the needle with her tongue while munching feed, but a veterinary surgeon removed it without serious injury to her. . Travelers in Maine say that a sur prising number of the "abandoned farms" of the State have been re-occupied this year, ami that tho new tenants appear not to be mere casual residents, who have occupied tho places as a tramp might put up for n while in an empty house, but indus trious farmers, who are brightening up the old farms in a manner that in dicates they have come there to btay. "Doubtless that is but another evi dence of the letnruiug prosperity that is brightening up the whole country," comments the New York Suu. The principal part of the cut of spruce on the Androscoggin River in Maine is now oonsuiued by tho pulp mills. Bangor lumberman fay the pulp mills of the Pennobscot devour the equivalent of 50,000,000 feet spruce logs each year, with also new pulp mills in process of construction. Hon. Charles A. Milliken, Mayor of Augusta, says the mills are using fifty millions of spruce each year on tho Kennebec for pulp. About 25,000,000 feet spruce logs are converted into pulp on the Merrimack River in New Hamp shire, while more than twice that amount is annually needed to supply the pulp and paper mills on the Con necticut River. Great is wood pulp. According to the latest Euglish census there are 250,000 persons in Oreat Britain receiving Incomes of 81000 each, and 2,000,000 persons incomes of $500 a year. There are 123,000 families ia the United King dom having incomes of more than 825,000. In the United States there are some 4,000,000 families or about 2,000,000 persons, whose income are at least $2000 a year and more than 10,000 families with incomes of over $25,000. Considering tho difference in population between tho two countries, it is clear, to the Atlanta Constitution, that the United States contains the greater number of rich people and a more nearly equal distri bution of wealth. Says the Philadelphia Press: The gift of $500,000 to the University of Pennsylvania by Provost Charles C. Harrison is one more evidence of the great liberality that has so far marked the last decade of the nineteenth cen tury. At no time in the history of mankind have such large sums of money been given to further educa tion, art and philanthropy. It has been a period of vast enterprises and of marvelous money making. The Chicago Tribune prints a table of the gifts made since January 1, including individual 6ums exceeding $1000. It did not inolude Provost Harrison's gift, as it had not then been an nounced. Adding that, the table will stand as follows: January.. .1.698,901 February.,. 1.873,300 Mnreh 736.550 Mav 44,239.300 Juiietoduto 1,075,000 April 1,311,100 Total... tlO,9B4.150 Here is a magnificent total of nearly $11,000,000 given away in a little over five months, of which $4,575,000 has gone to colleges and universities, $1,593,000 to hospitals, $789,000 to churches and $208,000 to librories, whilo the remaining $3,768,400 has been distributed among museums, art galleries anil charities. It is a total which has probably never been sur passed, and which will make the first half of 1895 a red-letter period in generous giving. First Lieutenant "By Jove, as we were going over Hit' river on the plank bridge It gave way anil tin; men fell In." Second HetiU'iia lit--" What did you doV" First lieutenant "I ordered them to full out, of course." Pearson's Weekly. Kachelor girl sounds better than old maid, but It means the absence of a muu just the same- NEW YORK LETTER. special corkepon pence. 1 Acting ou the theory that they have no riht to look a gift Htatue in tlnj mouth the Park CoiutuHHiotieri have prepared a foundation for a IMVvs ter family effigy in Howling (ireen, tlio Kaul tlitfy having becu kindly pre sented to the city by the amiable eii tleiuan whose ancestral dihtiuction is thus vouched for. A new theory of park decoration is thus introduced to our notice and it suggests startling possibilities. Tho rage for ancestral research and for the rehitbilitiou of more or less mythical progenitors is comparatively uew-and in as yet con fined to only a siutll portion of our society. Yet such is the iloveloptneut of genealogical pride that if tho Do Peyster idea is accepted ns a rule our parks will soon bo crowded and tho effigies will have to stand us close tj each other as passengers on an "L" train. It would be inconvenient but Bt tho same time it would be interesting to have our parks fenced in with these glyptic memorials of our family pride, nut while the park area is limited there is no limit to the demands which may bo made ou the complaisant Commissioners. After they have pro vided for the four hundred ancestors of the Four Hundred, for the pnst mayors, recorders, judges and gov- j emors of official life uud for the honored progenitors of the Cincinnati i of the St. Nicholas Society, of the I Loyal Legion, of the Sons of the Re- j volution, also for the daughters of tho same, and for the Colonial Dames, ! autl the Society of tho f'oionial Wars and the Mayflower Order itinl the New England Society and all tho American noblesse, there will be others. Bright ami brilliant as is the ancestry of our native population, we have a foreign population not less dis tinguished in descent and not less en titled to recognition. Their families are not only older but thov are also much more numerous. They rank the Do Peysters in seniority tmd in plurality, and if they insist on coining on, our existing system of p.u ks is oh. vioiisly inadequate to accommodate the array of memorials which the courtesy of the Commissioners lias in vited. "Dost like the prospect?" The project of a great botanical garden in Bronx Park in now nu hh sured sueees. Tho public-spirited gentlemen who have tho mitter in charge have secured by private sub scription tho $2"0,000 required by the act of incorporation. The city is now required by law to set aside 250 acres of Bronx Park us a site for tho garden and to contribute $500,000 in money for the construction of build ings, etc. The enterprise will start therefore with $75d,0O0 in cash and 250 acres of peculiarly well located laud. It is intended lo swell the money capital to a million in the near future. Tho project is one in tho interest of the city mid civilization. In every European capital there is a noble bo tanic garden, while in Franco and Germany there is one in nearly every important city. But in this eonntry.ae cordiug to ex-Judge Daly, there is but one that is worthy of tho name, and that is not in New York but in St. Louis, and is not a public enter prise but the gift of a single citizen. The establishment of a great garden here, which is now assured, is another and an important movement towards tho glory of that Greater New York which is presently to be the pride as well as the commercial capital of tho continent. In a remarkable sermon recently tho noted preacher, Rev. Thomas Dixon, de -lured : Ninety per cent of the population of New York are ten ants, the remainder landlords. Tho churches of today are trying to catch the 10 per cent and let the 90 per cent go by tho board. Making all due allowance for any extravagunoe on the part of this preacher, his dec laration deserves looking at seriously. The steady drift of tho Protestant churches toward the wealthy "land lord quarter" in the metropolis, as in other great cities, is a fact not to be denied, It is certainly well worth the while of the leaders in tho various denominations to which Mr. Dixon so pointedly refers to consider the im portant question: "Can our churches afford to desert the great and growing tenant class in our large cities?" The wedding of the waters of the Hudson and Long Island Sound, which took place recently, is another step in the inarch of our metropolitan progress. It means peace and the victories of peace enlarged intercom munication in the interest of com merce and trade between the great West seeking its outlet to the ocean through the Erie artery and New York ; the welding of a new link in the chain that binds it to its New England sister states and to nearly all the interior States of the Republic. The Harlem Ship Canal transcends more local bounds. It is a part of a great system of intercommunication, not alone between States, but between onr system of States and Enrope. The effect of it will be to decrease the cost of transportation on every bushel of wheat that leaves our shores, and in the enlarged facilities it provides to reduce the cost of the transportation of imported goods to the heart of the coutiuent. Germany opened the great Kiel caual. Behind it there is the idea, first.of war; second, of com merce. With us.in the work we have just perfected, it is coniinere first and war second. Our ways are ways of peace I It has Ven left to tbeso days of ruauv men and many minds to evolve man iial for the guido of bosses. We are quite familiar with manuals on al most every other subject, covering, indeed, the wide range from tho pro prieties to the higher branches of art and science. A manual on proper be havior can be found on the dressing table of nearly every bud of tho sea son, and few yiun men dare venture lo pass the portals of society without such a volume as a passport. Do you wi-.li to know how to draw, to paint, to m. del ; would you understand the intricacies of chemistry; would you explore tho mysteries of astronomy; would you become pr ificieut in He brew or Sanscrit, yon will find tho path to such accoiui lishments made easy bv innumerable manuals. And now, thanks to Mr. Henry ('hamper nowue, if you iiKpiro to become tho boss of a great municipality, you can readily obtain (he nec. ssary inform i tioii to equip you for the accomplish ment of your heroic undertaking. Tho bossing of a metropolis may still he only an empirical science in Boston, but in New York it is much more than that, it is a most skillfully developed art, and no graduate of 'H5 more deserves the degree of A. M. than does Mr. Richard Crocker, Past Grand Master of the Art of Bossing. This is not au eay art, however. If it were, no maiiuel would be needed, and if it were supposed to he, a peru sal of Mr. Champernow lie's essay ou the art of governing Americ in cities would soon dissipate the thought. Tho would-be boss must have a pictur esque record, one that will appeal to "the boys;" ho must have unflinching courage whaf'tho boys"eall"san 1 ;" ho m u--t have a head for organizing, a hand for controlling, and a heart for rewarding, and most surprising of all, he inu-d have a religion, and it must be u religion popular with the musses, o religion in no way offensive to "do gan.:." Such are a few of tho accom plishments necessary for a municipal boss, but if there is anyone ambitious to emulate the example of Tweed, or Croker or l'lutt, ho would do weil to investigate the subject more thor oughly, and there is no better way of doing this than by a enreful study of the authentic manual for bosses. The reason w hy the aquarium in old Cistle Garden Lii not been opened is bec itisu its whole plan from start to finish was wrong. More than a year of time and many thoiisuids of dollars have been wasted. Tile work was started in September, IH'.li. It should have been completed within a year and a half, liut more than two and a half years have been frittered away nnd tho appropriation of $100, uiH) ma lo by tho Park Hoard is nearly exhausted. The actual fitting up of the aquarium will h-ivo to lo d in over again and the public will have to wait until November, at least, to see the tanks of fishes and Vegetable life. To those who cuter tin- building at this time it would appear tii'it tho tanks were ready to be lilted with water and tho fish placed in them. If these tanks were filled with water and it' sight seers were admitted, any one who passed within twenty feet of the glass fronts would be in danger of serious injury. Tho glass plates are an inch thick, but they are not strong enough to stand tho strain. Tinio and time again the great panes have b.-cu broken. This is due to a grave fault in construction, which could easily have been avoided. The largo amount of money spent for tho filters in order to purify the water taken from tho bay is simply thrown away, for the filters, in the es timates of skilled aequarists, are use less. There has been spent on tho aqua rium alone $12S,0l)0,and of the whole appropriation of 300,000 there re mains but $50,000. But Dr. Beau says he will complete tho work with this amount. He understands about building aquariums. The only one at the World's Fair cost only $50,000. In the celebrated divorce case at Long Island City, a niau who is over sixty, buld uud fat, calls a woman whose age makes no difference hero his lamb and his love in the same let ter in which he tells her of his work as a religious lecturer to tho young. The object of his work as a lecturer, was to show young people how not to make fools of themselves. Evidently ho had not learned that the whole art and mystery of it lies intryingto keep ready to be turned wrong side out, as he is being now. According to Mrs. Gummidge we nre all weak creeturs, but when a man is bald, fat and over sixty, he has had ample opportunity to learn that the time comes for every man when either tho Jekyll or tho Hyde in him must take tho upper hand and go on permanent exhibition. Perhaps that is a sermon. It is a fact at any rate, as they will tell you around the divorce and crimiual courts if you ask them. "Uluecoat shoots a crook." Ex change. Two policemen were seiit out iu plain clothes to look for an alleged thief. They sighted the man, who ran away. One of the policemen in plain clothes called out "Stop, or I'll shoot." The thief did not stop and the policemen in plain clothes shot him. Obviously, then a bluecoat did not shoot a crook. It was a plain coat, and so far as the crook or any other running is concerned, a coai without visible authority to shout or to shoot. This means very littlo pos sibly in this peculiar time, but it is an incident full of suggestion. Police men in plain clothes ought not to ex pect goneral or special recognition of their authority. Recall the case of ex-Commissioner Beattie. Put your self in the place of this or any other man. Knickerbocker. BOSTON LETTER. SPECIAL COKRESPONMlSCE. J III. There. 'lliy! Tho cabmen of the city are ill a very troubled state of mind just now owing to the changes which are about to he enforced by the police commissioners. These changes went into effect on July 1. Ill the first place a system of public stands will he established not unlike that which is in operation iu the city of Loudon. This system will include tho section of tho city from tho I'uioii station and Causeway street and Atlantic avenue on the north, to Dover street on the south, although tho section of Washington street between Broadway txteiision and Dover street will probably be without a public stand. Tho total number of cabs that will be permitted to occupy these public stands during the day time is 152, and during the night tin; number will ho increased to 214. There is a double object in this, the first being to free tho streets in the congested districts during the d-iytiine of any unnecessary vehicles, and it is thought that 152 will meet tho de mands of tho public during these hours. Tho increased number of cabs during the evening hours are deemed necessary owing to the de creased . car accommodation during these hours and owing to the char acter of the trail! , more people re quiring the use of cubs because of theaters, parties, etc., than during tho day. The street to he most favored with cabs will be Atlautic A v. , ouiug largely to the steamboat traffic, and the dif ferent railroad stations will be next iu point of number, although the streets leading off Washington street between Klieelalld ttlld S.'uliaV square wiil have a goodly number. The idea iu tilese stands wiil be to have what will be known asa regular stand which will accommodate two or more cabs, and a waiting stand which will accom modate the same number. Tho regit lur stand will bj nearest the point of vantage, and the waiting stand far thest away, nu 1 when one of the cabs at the regular stand leaves, tho near est cab on the waiting stand is entitled to tal.o the place vacated ou the regu lar stand. Ono other matter relating! to cabs will very likely be cousid- j ii'ed iu th near future, and that is the number oT hours per day that a hor so shall b. worked. ! M iny complaints have come from tho ' society for the Prevention of Cruelty j to Animals of owu-rs who havewoiked their horses unnecessarily hard. Some have been know n to work their horses from near daylight to way into the night, and the above society ha-t come down pretty hard on these nu n when the facts were positively known. It is not improbable that a cerlain number of hours will ho determined on as a day's work for a horse, and this will be decided iu some way by the society for the Prevention of Cruelty to An imals after a hearing with tho police board. The rule followed by one firm ut present may ho adopted, which is two horses in ten hours, us in all probability ten hours will he tho length of time during which tho day cabs will bo allowed on tho streets, and the saino number of hours for tho night sq uud. Insurance in Mussai biisetts. The lOutli anniversary of the incor poration of tlu' first insurance com pany chartered iu this state has just hen passed. It was called the Mas sachusetts Fire Insurance Company, and, as it w ould ho natural to suppose, had its origin aud domicile iu Bostou. But let it not be inferred that there were uo opportunities for securing in surance in this state prior to the in corporation of this company. Several British companies had representatives here, aud certain individuals did an insurance business ou their own capi tal, on a plan similar to what is now known as Lloyds, though probably this was not done to any great extent. Our fathers doubtless early saw tho possibilities of the field, as they felt the need of better facilities for ob taining indemnity iu case of fire, through tho operation of some strong corporation, well managed, and hav ing the confidence of the public. They therefore applied to the General Court of 1795, and ou Juno 25 tho net of incorporation was passed. The incorporators wero John Andrews, John Wiuthrop, William Wettnore, Jesse. Putnam, William Shnttuck, Wil liam Brown, John Harris, Samuel Sals bury and, iu the language of the act, "such others as may become proprie tors iu said company." The capital stock was fixed at $300,000, a large sum for 100 years ago. Tho number of shares was 3,000, with par value of $100 eucu. Permission was granted to increase the amount of capital to a maximum limit of half a million dollars. Thus began the career of the first insurance company chartered by Massachusetts. Though it may seem at first thought to have died prematurely, such was not the case. Iu fact, 53 years is a rather venerable age for a Massachusetts insurance company. The average life of the first 31) companies that Biiccumbed iu this state was 37 years, but there was a later period, be ginning about 1800, when the average life of 30 companies which failed suc cessively was but 7 years; showing conclusively that the earlier companies in tho insurance field had stronger ele ments of stability than those which oc cupied it later. Thus far 182 Massachu setts insurance companies, including fire aud marine, stock and mutual, have given up tho battle. Their average age when they ceased to do business was 17.3 years. Fortunately, the insur ance department of Massachusetts realizes the importance of having au accurate record of the insurance com" panies that have done business here. I lowers r'or Tlie I'oor. The Mutual Helpers' flower work lias begun. Flowers will be distrib uted by little companies of boys and girls organized from the public schools for that purpose. Irving C. Toiuliu sou of the Every-Day church is gen eral supervisor of this little associa tion, aud is very anxious to extend the work this summer, but to accom plish this purpose funds are needed. The Mutual Helper's flower work is niisi ctai inn ami iutcr-deiiomiuational. It is a work on the part of those that have for those who have not. It has proved a great blessing to tho sick and shut-in among the crowded tenements ; perhaps a greater blessing to tho city boys ami girls who gladly act as dis tributors, and without question the greatest blessing to the country friends who give their flowers and themselves to the service of others. Iu passing through the North end one day Mr. Tomliusoii discovered a troop of happy children gathering nosegays of the bright yellow dandelions which wero scattered over the grassy swurd in the Copp's hill burial ground. Out side of this 'old cemetery one could not tiud a plot of grass or bed of flowers in tho entire district Large receptacles had been made and placed iu each of the railroad stations for receiving newspapers, which are dis tributed in hospitals and Mr. Tom liiiion conceived the idea of gathering flowers in this way. introducing large receiving pans into nil the depots where people so kindly disposed might send or leave flowers on week days before 10 a m to be distributed in places where they were sure to ho thankfully received. That was iu the summer of 1H90, and with one headquarters in the North end and flowers from five towns 6,000 bouquets were distributed. List year the work had so grown that there were eight headquarters in various parts of the city. Seventy-live towns were interested and 35,0) bouquets wire distributed. In its four years of history there have been given to those who would other wise have been without a blossom more than 100,000 bouquets. The plan embraces hands of boys nnd girls, organized from the public schools, co-operating with country friends, organized from tho public schools as brunch societies, that regu larly send flowers to the children to be distributed among the sick and aged iu the tenement house districts iu Julv und August. An InetTerlive I. aw. There are many dead laws on the statute books of Massachusetts, but the most remote of the blue laws of colonial days are not more ineffective than tho more civilized and recent one against carrying concealed weap ons. Whenever a fatal row occurs the knife or revolver generally winds up tho fracas, uud iu nearly every such case in Bostou recently death has been the result. Hardly a week passes in this city without a murder, and for the past few weeks such crimes have been of almost daily occurrence. In each case tho mur derer was au Italian, and always his victim was, fortunately, of the same nationality ; aud as this highest of crimes has now become of such frequent occurrence, it seems that something should he done to en force the law agaist carrying danger ous weapons. It is well knowu to the police and to everyone else, that there is scarcely an Italian resident of tho North End who is not a walking arsenal, and that on the slightest provocation, and ofteu without any provocation whetever, tht? murderous stiletto is plunged iuto some victim's heart in that Bectioti of the city. I do not know the exact provisions of the law against carrying, concealed weapons, but the fact so wtpll knowu and so often fatally demoiistrated in the Italian quarter that the residents aro always armed, it would seem to make it encumbent ou tho police au thorites to devise sotnu means for dis arming tho murderous set. i Wilson's liooil Record. Chief Constructor T;j). Wilson of the navy, who has been ordered to duty at the Chorlestown, Mass., navy yard, will proceed to his new post at once. Mr. Wilson is now in his 55h year, aud few men have 1 had more- experi ence in shipbuilding or have' earned more honors by their' personal aoili- ities than he. He served through the war, aud was entrusted with the building and repairing of scores of vesfiels. 'involving the exer cise of greatj skill and judgment. He was then ,-placed in charge of the construction work at j the Pensacola yard. In 18G9 he was appointed in structor in shipbuilding aud naval architecture at the naval academy at Annapolis, where) he npmaiuou four I years. After a tour of special duty in Eughind and France, he was, in 1874, ordered as I naval constructor at the Portsmouth, a N. H. , navy yard. Mr. Wilson hub beVm three" times nom inated and eoufirinved as chief con Btructor'of the unvy.'an honor seldom falling to" the lot of any officer. The calcuMionsiand'planB of the first steel shipof the new .navy, the Chica go, wero prepared una'er his supervi sion, as -were those of ntost of the other vessels comptising our modern fleet. At tha'time ol his first appointment as chiefconBtructor.iu 1882none of the navy yarda of the country were in con dition for buflding steellwhips, and all the progroiss' that has been made in the equipment) ofthe several yards since that time hnB been through his efforts aud under hi directidji. One of the greatest homoa's that could be con ferred upon iiv man, in a profession al way, was cm&erred by the Institu tion of Nuvid Architects of England on Jau.,.14, 1893, when Chief Con structor! W iisonyvas elected an honor ary meuibor.j. Ben IVJarcato. SHAKERS TO MOVE. Those of Mt. Lebanon to Locate in Florida. I'lirehaseil M.OOO Acres, anil Include an Knt Ire Township. The Shaknrs of Mt. Lebanon, who have (or unage lnn a part of the picturesque rural life of New York ktate. are soon to ubuudun their historical town In the Cark sliire hills, to cast aside tradition and oid tiiiin custom nml remove to pastures new. Within the past few days the Shaker Society of Mt. Lebanon hus purchased through a real state broker, no less than 8,000 acres ol laud In Florida, ranging northward from l.ake Okeecho bee, and comprising a large part of Osceola nnd l)e Soto counties. The Shakers nra now considering tho pun-base of 8.000 more acres, making itj.noo in all. which will im lude an entire township of I'lorida. Some time ago the Shakers pun-based a small tract in Cali fornia and uuothcr in Northern Ohio, but neither has proved suitable lor the establishment of a large colony, hence they turned their eye to the South, aud have concluded "a satisfac tory purchase. A a result of the deal the Shakers will establish tho largest settlement iu this country, und as tho land in Florida Is rich and fertile the setMement will legin with every natural advantage. The removal to Florida of this historic sect will murk an era in the history of the very re markable society of Mt. I. -bunon. Originally these Mt. Lebanon Shakers were nu oftshoot from the society of Quakers, or Friends. Ia 1747 some niemliers of that cociety In Man chester. Kng.. formed a distinct as sociation under the leadership of James and -lane Wardley. For several yeara the little company were only no ticeable through being more " noisy than met of the assemblages of Quakers, dancing, shouting, trembling, etc., under the supposed iulluenoe of the spirit But in 1770 out- of the members, Ann Lee, professed to receive some psculiar revelatlons.testifying llrt that the caiiiul nsturn of the flesh was the root of all liumuu depravity, and second that she herself was Christ, of the incarnate Deity, in the female form. The new sect be came thoroughly iu'atuated with Ann Lee's teachings: they' called hr "Mother Ann," and declared their belief that no blessing could descend to anv person except through her. Hut. outside of their small circle the new doctrine were regarded as blasphemous, and Ann I. "e and h-r worshippers were im prisoned and Ib.ed. In 1774, therefore, in oledience to another of Mrs. Lee's revela tions, she and several nf her follow er; emigrated to New York and settled in Niskay uua mow Watervliet i. about ssveu mlies from Albany. The death of Mother Ann occurred in 17s4. She had estab lished the community in the form of a family ami the general plan which she laid down has ever siuee been followed. In 178" Josepb Meacham. one of Ann I.ee's llrst converts iu this country, collected her adherents in a settlement in Mt. I.obuuon. Within a few years Meacham hail formed eleven other settlements In New York aud other states. No other societies were formed until about lllteeu years later, when some missionaries were sent to the West aud founded four com munities in (Olio and two in Ken tucky. Part of these settlements are still ia existence. others have beenentirelydispersed. Hut the Mt. Lebanon settlement has re uuiineil the - home,'' or original town of the nocietv. la earlv vears the Shakers were tho most fruitful, anil of the eighteen societies now In existence all w re formed before 1830. Con verts are still mnde, but they are few at best. and the disciples of Ann Lee, nt present about 3.0U0, despite their comfortable and prosperous condition, are gradually but con stantly decreasing. The cause of this decadence is not hard to find primarily it lies in doctrines which the Shakers profess. These doctrines bold that God is a dual person, male nnd female: that Adnni, being created In uou s image, was also a dual person: that the distinction of sex is eternal ; that no uncels or spirits ex ist who are not male und female, nnd the Christ, the highest of the spirits, nppeared llrst iu the person of Jesus, representing the male and later in Ann Lee, representing the female element in (iod. The Shakers holding themselves to be the only true church of these later days, accept Ihe church of the apostolic era as their model. The cardinal principals of this church, they say. were common proper. y, celibacy, anil noli resistance, separate government, nnd power over physical disease, and they accept them without reservation. The enjoyment of a 1 but the last is already theirs, and that by stainless lives, they hope in the end to attain. Marriages and the possession of property they look upon not as crimes, but as fruits of a lower ordar of society. Withal the Shakers ore spiritualistic. Their peculiar doctrines have already been given a one of the causes of the fulling off iu membership of the various Shaker socie ties. Another, and perhaps a more potent cause, is the great care with which new members are admitted. The person who thiuks he would like to become a Shaker Is permitted to spend a few weeks in a novitiate family, during which time he is carefully in structed in all the teachings and practices of the Shakers. If at the eird of the probation ary period he still desires to become a mem ber, he must pay all his debts : if he has a wife he must obtain her consent that he shall leave her, and if he has children he must make provisions fo" eir education aad support. Usually this is done by cou Hding them to the keeping of the society of which tho father or mother is to become a member, which accounts for the presence of children iu the Shaker communities.nlthough very few of those educated aud rared therein afterwards become members. Having com plied with these requirements and confided his property, if he has any, to the keeping of the society he is taken on trir.l for a year. In their settlements their mode of ljfe is systematsc, religious and econcniic. The fol lowing is their general plan : A number of persons, colled collectively a "family or household, life assigned to each house. All the houses are built after one plan, divided through the middle by a large hall, and hav ing the rooms for the male members on one ia of the building, und those for the female onthe other s'de. All property is held In loruuiou. NEWS CONDENSED. Terse Dispatches From All Over the Country. Whiskey drinking is suid to be on the in crease, but before duly 10 all the distilleries In the Pittsburg, Pa., district will be closed for periods of from two to six months, A message was received at the Washing ton police headquarters that James News :om, a doorkeeper at the capital, has been shot and killed nt Carllu Springs, Va., by a man mimed llurry. The Tennessee coal, Iron and railroad com pany mnde a Hat advance of tl per ton on all giades of iron on shipments restricted to three months. About 3,500 men in the em ploy of the Tennessee company and 0,000 others in the district nre benellted by the ad vance. A small fishing schooner foundered ott Toes beach, near l'lacentia, New foundland, n few days ago, and all on board perished. They were William Bolt, aged 60, captain; AVillinm Bolt, Jr., his jon, aged SO; William Bolt.aged 25,a nephew i nil Henry Kirby, aged 16. The treasury department at Washington, D. C, has rejected all the bids for the erection of the New' London, Ct., public building. There were seven bids, the W. C. Green jompnnv of Chicago being the lowest bidder, at 32,48C. The lowest ljiddor declined to sxeoute the contract and the others were too High.