The northern galaxy. [volume], May 08, 1844, Image 2

About The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848

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ded that, if he raad the overtnro, it would
have no otber ctfect than to aggravate irrita
tions, already existing, upon uiatlers of diff
erencc between the two countries.
The evcnts which have siuce transpired iu
Texas are well known. She revolted against
the government of Mexico, fleir to arnisrand
fiually foughl and woo the mcmorablo battle
of San Jacitito, annibilatinga Mexiean army,
and making a captive of the Mexiean Prcs
ident. The sigual success of that revolution
was greatly aided, if not wholly wcliicved.by
citizens of the United States who had cmigra
ted to Texas. These snccors, if they could
not always be preventcd by the government
ofthe UnitedStates.were fumished in a man
ner and to an exteDt wbicb brouglit upon us
tomc national reproach in the eycs of an im
partial world. And, in my opinion, they im
pose on us the obligatiou of scrupulously a
voiding the imputation of ving instigated
and aided the Revolution itth tho ultimate
view of territorial aggrandizcineut. Afier
the battle of San Jacinto, the United States
recognized the indepeadcnco of Toxas, in
coufonnily wilh the principle and pracu'cc
which hare always prerailed in their councils
of rccognizing the government "dt facto,"
without regarding tho question de jurc.
That rccoguitiou did not afiect or irapair the
rights of Mexico, or change the rclation3
which existed between her and Texas. She,
on the contrary, has prcservcd all hcr rights,
and has continued to assert, and so far as I
knmv. rct asscrte, her richt to reduce Texas
to obedience, as a part of the Republic of
Mexico. According to Iate mtelligence, 11 is
probable that ehe has agrecd upon a tcmpo
rary &uspeniouof bostiliiics; liut, if that has
been done, I presume it is with the purpose,
ntion the tertuination of the arinistice, of re-
newiug the war and euforcing her rights, os
ibo considers thcm.
This narrative ibons tlio present actual
eondition of Texas, so far as I have inform
atiouabout it. Ifit bo corrcct, Mexico has
not nbaudoued, but pcTSererca in the asscr-
tio:i of her rights by actual force of arms,
rhich if snspended, are intendcd to be rcuew-
cJ. Under theso circumstanccs, il the gov.
emment of the United States werc to acquire
Texas, it would acquire aloug viiih it all the
incumbranccs which lexas is under, and a
tnong thom the actual or suspcnded war be
twccn Mexico and Texas. Of that couec
quencc therc canuot bo a doulit. Aunexa-
tion aud n-ar with Mexico aie idcntical. No
for one, I certainly atn not willing to involre
this country iuaforeign war, for the oliject of
acquinn Texas. 1 know there are those
who regard such a war with indilTcrencc and
as a trining afiair, on account of the ncak-
ncss of Mexico, and herinubility to indictac
rious tnjury upon this country. But I do
not look upon it thus lightly. I rcgard all
wars as great calaraities, to bcaroided, if pos
sible, and honorable pcacc as !hc wiscst aud
truest policy ot this country. uat the Ini
ted States most nced are union, peace, and
patiencc. Nor do I think that the n cakness
of a 1'owcr shouldjforin a motive, in nny caso
for lnduciu" us to engage in or to deprcciate
thi cvila 01 war. Hunor and good faith and
justice are equally duc frora this country to-
warus tue wean as towarcls tuc Etrong. And,
.if an act of .mjustice werc to be pcrpctrated
tonards any power, it would be tnnre com-
patible with the dignily of the nation, and.in
my judginent, less di;honorable, to inflict it
upor. a powerlul instead 01 a weak lorcign
oation.
Butarcwo perfectly surcthat we should be
free from injury in a state of war with Mex
ico; Have we any security that countlcss
nmnbcrs of loreign tcsscIs, under tho author
ity and flag of Mexico, would not prey upon
our dcfcnccless commcrce in the Mexiean
Oulf, on the Pacific occan, aud on every oth
er sea and ocean.' What commcrce on the
otber handdoes Mexico olfcr, as an idcmnity
lor our lu3C9, to tlie gallnutry aud enter
prisc of our countrymcn? Thi ricw of the
su'iiect supposes that the wat would be con
line.l to the United States and Mexico as the
only belligereuts. But hax-c wc any certain
guaranty that Mexico would obtain no allies
among tue grcat Auropean r.owcrs isup
pose any such Powers, jealous of our incrcas-
ing prcatucs.', and disposcd to clieck our
gronth anu cripplc us, wcre to take part 111
bshalf of Mexico in the war, how would the
diilerent belligefrnts prcscut thcmsclrcs to
Christendom and thc culightcned world? We
have bcen seriously charged with au inordi
natespirit of territorial aggrandizcment; and
withont admitting the justice of the charge,
it must be owned that wc have made va9t ac
quisitious of territory within tho last forty
yeirs. Suppose Great liritain and France,
ornne of thcm, were to take part with Mexi
co, and by a mauifesto, wcrc to proclaim that
theirobjects.wcreto assist a weak and hclp
less nlly to check thc spirit of cncroachincnt
and ambition of an already overgrown repuh
lic, secking still (urthcr ncquiskions of tcrri
rory, to maiutain the indopendcnce of Texas,
disconnectcd with the United States, and to
prevent the further propagation of slavcry
from the United States, tvhat would be the
ciTect of such allegations upon tho judgment
of an inipartial and enlightpued world?
Assurniug that the anuexatidnof Texas is
war with Mexiro, is it competent to thc trua-ty-mik.ing-
power to plungo this country into
war, not only whhout the cuncurrcnce of, but
wthont deigning- to consult Congrcss to
which, hy Jthe Constitution, lelongs exclu
sively the pnwcr of declaring war?
I liave hilhcrto cousidered the question up
on the 6upposltiou that thc annexation is nt-
temptcd without the asscnt of Mexico If
she yields hcr conscnt, that would matcrially
nflcct thc foreijn aspect of the question, if it
did not rcmore all foreigu diflicultics. On
tha assumption of that asscnt, tho question
would be couiined to the doniestic cnnsiilcr
atious which bclong to it. cmbracing the
tcnns aud comlitious upon which annexation
is proposcd. I do not think that Texas ought
to be receivcd into the Uuiou, as an intcgral
part of it, in dccidcd opposition to ihc wish-
Ei of a consiucranlc aml rcspcctable portion
of the CoBfederacy. I thiuk it farmorewisc
an i important to composc aud harmouizc
ths present Confederacv, r.s it uoiv exists,
ili.in to iutroduce a new clcmcnt of discord
r.nJ distraction into it. In my humhle opin
ion, it should be thc co:i.:ant and carnost cn
deavor of an Amcrican statcsman to eradi
cate prejudiccs, to cultivats and fosier con
cord, and to produce gencral cnntentmcnt a
mong all parts of our coufcdcracy. And true
wisdom, it seem3 to mc, points to the duty of
rcndcring its present Jmcnibers happy, pros
perous, and satisfied with cacli othcr, rathcr
thaa to introduce alien tncmbers, agatnst thc
common consent and with the ccrtainty of
decp dissatisfaction. Mr. Jcflcrson exprcsscd
the opiuion, and othcrc bclievcd.that it never
was in thc conlemplutioii of thc framcrs of
the coa6titution to add rorcigu territory to
the Confcderacy, oiit of nhich new States
wcre to be formed. Thcacquisitioiis ofl,ou
is'Mna aud Florida may be defended upon
thc pcculia'r ground of t!ic rclation in which
they stood H the State of the Union. After
they wcre admitted, ne m-ght well pausefa
bile, people our vaet nastes, develope our
rasoarces, prepare tbe mcans of defending
what we possess, and auemrnt our strength,
power and greatness. If hereafter furtber
territory ehonld l.e wanted for an incrcascd
pnpulation, we need catertain tio apprehen
ons but that it will be acquircd by means,it
U to be hopcd, fair, honorab.e, and constitu
ttonal. Itis uwlrss to dioguise that there are those
wfco epouse and those wb.o opposethe annex
ation of Texns upon the ground of the influ-!
ence which it would excrt in the balance of
political powtr, between two great sections of
the Union. I conceivo that do motive for
the acquisition of forcign territory would be
more unfortunate orprcgnant withmore fatal
consequcnces, than that for obtain'mg it for
tbe purpose of strengthening one part against
anolherpart of the common Confederacv.
auch a pnuciple put into practicai operation,
would menaee the existence, ifit did not cer
tainly caw the sceds of a dissolution of the
union
It would be to proclaim to the world
aninsatiable and unqnenchable thirst for for-
eigu conquest or acquisition of territory .
For if to-day Texas be required to strcngth
en one part of the Conftderacy, to morrow
aoothcr. And aftcr that might tiare tieen oo-
tained, till other and further acquigitions
wculd become necessary to equalize and ad-
justtbe balance of political power. Fiually.
tn tue progress ol this spinl ot umrersaiuo-
imnion, the part of tue contederacy wmcti is
nowweakest, would lind ltself still weaVer
from the impossibihtj of secunnS new tuca-
trcs for those pccuhar mstitutions which it is
charged with beiug dcsirous to extend.
But would Texas ultimatcly, really add
strcncth to that which is now cousidered the
weakest nart of the Confederacv? If mj in-
formation e correct, it would not. Accord
ing to that, the territory of Texas is suscep
tiblc of a dirision into five States of convcn
ient size and form. Of these, two only would
bo adapted to those peculiar institutiona to
which I hare referred, and the other threc,
lying west and north of San Antonio, bciug
ocly adapted to farraing and grazing purpo
ses, from the nature of their soil, climate.and
productions , would not admit of those iustilu
tions. In tho end therefure, there would be
two slave and three free states piobably ad
ded to the Union. If this view of the soil and
geography of Texas be correct, it might serve
to diminish the zeal boib of those who op
pose and those who ure urging annexation.
Should Texas be anncxsd to the Union,
tho United Slates would -sume and be
come responsiblo for the dcht of Texas,
he its amount what it may. What it is,
I do not knew certainly ; but tho lcast 1
hare cccn it slatcd at is lliirleen millions
of dollars. And this responsibility will
cxist, whethcr thete be a stipulation in tho
trealy or not expresbly assuming thc
payment of (he debt of Texas. For I
suppose it to be undeniable that, if one
nation becomcs incorporalod iti anolher,
all thc dcbts, and obligation.s and incum.
branccs, and wara of tho incorporated na
tion, bcconic thc dcbts. and obligations,
and incumbranccs. and wars of thc coni
mon nalion crcatod by tbe incorpora
tion. If nny European nalion entertains any
ambitious dcsigna upon Texas, such as
that ofcolonizing hcr, or in any way sub
jugating hcr, I should rcgard it as the im
perative duty oftho Government of thc
United Slntcs to oppose to such dcsigns
thc most firm and delermincd rcaistancc,
to tbe extent, if necccssary, of appcaling
tonrms to prevent the accomplishmcnt ol
nny such designs. The Exccutive of tho
Unilcd States ought to bo informcd as to
the aims and vievvs of forcign Powers
with regard to Texas, and I presume that,
if there be any of the czceptional charac
ter which I have indicated, tho executivc
will disclosc to the co-ordinate dspart
mcutsof tho Government, if not to the
public, the evidence of them. From what
I have seen and heard, I bcheve that
Grcat Rtitoin has rccrntlv forinallyand
solcmnly disavowcd any such aims or
purposcs has dcclorcd that shc is dcsirous
only oftho independcnce of Texas, and
that she has no intention to interfero in
hcr domestic institutions. If sho has
made such disavnwnl and declaration. I
presumo they are in posscssion of tho Ex-
ccultve.
In tho future progress of cvents, it is
probable that llipro will be a voluntary or
forcible scpnralion of the British North
American posscssions from tho parent
country. I am slrongly inclincd to think the fifth Chapter of Ephcsiaus, for the ad
tbat it will be best for thc happincss of all monition ofthe Convention.
pnrties that, in Ihnt evenf, they should , The Prcsident pro tcm. now statcd that
boeroctcd into a sopcrate a.id indcpcn- the Committee of two from ench State had
dent Ropublic. W,tK tho Canadian Re-
1 ...
nnlili. nn nnn ciMo ll.nf nf ' i.rin r,n Iho
othcr, and thc United States, thc fricnd of
both, between thcm, each could udvanco
ils own happincss by such constitution, )
Iaws, and mcasures, as wcre best adapted
to its peculiar eondition. They would be!
nalural allies, rcsdy, by co-operation, toj
rcpeal ony Euroj.can or forcign atlncki
upon eithcr. Each would securc a refu"e
to the perscculcd and opprcssed drivcn in
to cxile by either of the other. They
would cmulate each other in improvo
mcls, in free institudons, and in the sci.
enco of self.govcrnment. Whilst Texas
has ndopted our Constitution as the modcl
of hcrs, klic has, in scvcral impnrlant par
ticular, groatly iinpioved upon it.
Althongh 1 have felt coinpclled, from
the nature ofthe inquiries addrcssed to
ine, to extend this communication to a
much grcater length than I could hivo
wishcd, I coulc not do justice to tho sub
jcct, and fairly and fully expose my own
opinions in a Isliorler space. In conclus
ion, lliey may bo stated in n fcw words lo
be, thnt I considcr annexation of Texas, !
at this lime, without the consont of Mex
ico, as a mcasuro compromising the na
tional chnracter, involving us ccnainly in
war with Mexico, probablj with olher for
eign Powers, dnngcrous to the integrity
ot ttie union, inexpedicnt in thn present;
financiil eondition of the country, and not
called for by any general exprcssion of
public opinion.
I am, rcspectfully, your obcdicnt ser
vant, H. CLAY.
THE TEXAS TREATY.
Tho Trrnty "with it3 Ccrrcnpondenco,
has been publishcd bv thc N. Y. Eveninc
Post. ' b
All thc acrotints concurin rcprescnting
itasin the last depree infamous and dis
honorins to our countrv. The Mew Yorfc
American says: "Wc hear of Scnntnrs!
moved to such indignation, at the pcrusal !
ol the dfgusting delails and revolting
avowal of principles, which the corrcspon
dence contains, as to dash the documonts
on the floor,and trample thcm under foot.
r-iF I , . . . -
tne wnoio maiter is worso than thn wnrst
apprchensions we have anlicipated hid- vention. After briefly rcmarking on the con
eous damning a slain upon the Ameri.'dition and wants ofthe Country, and stating
can name, which even its certain rejec-1 that the pcople's choice for President was al
tion by the Senato will not eradicate." ready so empbatic as to preelttde the idea of
Tho Washington Correspondent of tho a formal nomination at this time, he oftered
New York tEvening Post, savs: "Suspic be following resolution:
ionaroafloat that the present hcad ofthe . Res,olved' That this Convention do unan-
rn., n i , .... t j . , imously nominate and recomraend to the
Navy Department was placed there as pCOpleoftheUnited States IIENRY CLAY
nne who could be rcadily used by'lhe trai- 0f Kentucky for next President cf the United
torous faclion, which ig pushwg on the.Sutes.
plot of Annwation. Tbe whole Conventioa bert rote, aud re-
Tho Trcaty is accompanied by a mess.
agefrom tho Pres.dcnt, sctting forlh Iho 1
Presidential view of tho many and great
odvnntages to bo gained hy the annexa
tion, but this is o tnucli less inlcrcslin:
than Ihejappended corrcfpoudcnce thut fur
to-day we pass over it.
Tho first Ietter of thc corrcspondencc
is from Mcssrs Van Zandt and Honder.
son to Mr Calhoun, lleging tho desire of
tho Texan people for the annexation, and
.hnn intr
thc asseta and liauilities ol tne
s;ncle star republic. as follows: landa un
j1 ;a(ed) i36,tll.327 acrea; debts of
vaiioiis deacriptions, 87,000,000.
Next is a Ietter from Mr Van Zandt to
ir - cmicr "nuci
Tng the brutal and uncivilizcd character
ofthe war wagod by Mexico upon lexas,
and urgint; the inlcrference of the UBited
States either to stop it, or cnlorce Its con-
j , ; m rfl 'hristian faihion.
T, ,Tiral lettcrs from Mrtlp
M Murphy. all expat.ating on the
, n. v , .' - '
brncfits 1 cxa, would derivo from annex-
alion, anu iiterany Degging ior n uu u-
hnlf of thc United istales.
Thcro isulsoalong Ietter frotn Mr
Calhotin to Mr Packenham. commcntinc
upon the avowod desire of Grent Britain'
to seo slavcry abolislied all over the world,
and her intcntion to use all lawful and
honorable mcans to atlain that object
lauding the "domcstic institution"-i-an(i
announcing the condasion ofthe Trealy
of Aknexaiion. asthe means adopted ly the
Unxled States to counlcract the anti-slave-rydesires
and designs of Great Brllain! !
BALTIMORE
J3?ny tho following Ietter it will be seen
the Whig National Convention at Baltimore
harenomiuatedllENKY CLAYfor Presi
dcnt aud THEO. FRELIXGIICYSEN for
Vice Presideut. Of Mr. Clay's uomination,
not a word nced be said. It had virtually
been made long siuce by One Million and a
Ilalf of Whig Votcrs. Mr.'Freliiighuysen,
thoiiKh not our first choice, was our second,
aud thc first ofavery large portion of tho
American people. He is a Whig of the firm
cst sort, a Statesman, a Christian and al'at
riot, and will be supported by an immciise
majority of the Americau People. Iluzza
for Clay and Frclinghuyscn ! Trihunt.
WHIG NATIONAL CONVENTION.
Editorial Correspondeuce.
Baltimore, WedncsdayMay 1, 1844.
Tho Convention asscmbled in the Univrr
salist Church, Colvert st. at 11 o'clock.A.M.
and wts called to order by Bevcrly Johnson,
Esq. ofMd. Chainnan ofthe Committee of
Arrangemcnts, who called thc States in snc
cession, and cvcry one reported themselves
completcly representcd.
Mr. Johnson having announced the Con
vention ready toproceedtobusincss.and call
ed on the Committee of Arraugcmcuts np
pointed by thc Delegations from cach State
to renort on tho manner, kc. oforganizing
Ilon. Jabez W. Huntington, Chainnan of
that Committee, said
Gentlcmcn of tha Convcntiou This is
thc day designated forthc assemblage of the
Convcution to nomiuate Whig candidates for
President and Vice Prcsident of thc United
States. For the purpose of affecting an or
ganization. I am instrticted to proposc Ilon.
Arthur F. Hopkins of Alabajnaas Prcsident
Uuaunnously agrcoa,. 10, anu jir.
jifnni ,oot tbe Chair.l
jjr. j. Johnson uow proposed that the ses-
sions of this Conveution be opencd with an
appcal to the Throne of Grace by Bcv. Dr.
Johns of Baltimore. The President pro tcm.
put the question, and the request was unan-
imously prcferrcd; so ltev. l)r. Johns thcu
l.d in frrvint and clonucut nravcr. The fonn
of Prayer was the same which was oflered
before thc Declaration of Iiidcpcndcucc.
Bcv. Mr. Rced theii read. as appropriatc
. .i.. m-r.-iiion. from the Sacred Scripturcs
hxed on sui aoic persons to ni.uuiu.cuu ...
ritv. - nr,i,la ri.i'vi-nrin v i .
"luiua ,
Ftr Prcsident,
AMBROSE SPENCER of New York.
J7ce Vresidents,
George W. Crosby, of
Ichabod Goodwiu, of
Lcv. Saltoustall, of
S. F. Mann, of
Charlrs Paine of
W. W. ElUworth. of
ErastusRoot, of
John B. Averis.ir, of
Maine.
N.Hainpshire.-
Mass.
R. Island.
Vermont.
Conn.
N. York.
N. Jcrscy
" Jaines W. Thonipsou, of Delaware
Jobn Strohm, ot l-eun.
Mm. C. Daweon, of Georgia.
Wm. Martin, of Tcnn.
Gov. Tbomas Metcalf, of Kentucky.
Gov. Samuel Sprigg, of - Maryland.
Bcnj.W. Lcigh, of Mrginia.
Richard Ilines, of N. Carolina.
JacobBurnctt, of Ohio.
Samucl Hall, of Indiana.
Hcnry Johnson, of Louisiana.
Jamcs Duprce, of Miss.
Kobcrt A. Ewing. of Missouri.
Cyrus Edwards, of Hlinois.
II. Tiotnton, of Alabama.
John P. I'rcston, of S." Carohna.
James II. Walker, of Arkansas.
Secretariet.
Isaac Munroe, of Maryland.
Masen Grahnm, of Louisiana.
Robcrt E. Horner, of New Jcrsey.
C. C. Norvell, of Tennessee.
Noah Smith, of Maine,
EdwardJ. Hale. of N. Carolina.
The report was adopted, and the officers so
designated were unanimously clected.
Messrs. Archer of Va. and R. Johnson of
Md. were appointed a Committee to conduct
the Prcsident first chosen to his seat on the
platform, which he took amid gencral accla
mation. The VicePresidenls wcre then cofiS
ducted to thc stand.
Thc President on taking thc chair made an
address, which will be given to-morrow.
Mr. ltrnnaon ofMaine now rose to observe
that he had just received a Ietter from n gen-
tlcman who had been proposcd by his State
as a Whig candidate for Vice President.
With nrrmi9sion.be would read it. 'Kcad
Kcad,' was the general request. He howev
cr deferrcd to.
Mr.Benj. Watkios Leigh of Va. rose to
makc a proposition which be trusted would
HiaWi UIUIIU3HIUU " " " " "
:.. -,n;rr,n,,.
sponded to the Nom.natien witn tne mosicu-
thusiastic cheer, '.f.
. . .... .
When silence liad been restorcd, the resoiu-
tion was again read and the question laken by
Ayes and Nocs. One unammous 'Ave.
ehook thc roof
for some rooments.
Nocs wero called. but came up missiug.
-
The whole Couventiou rose agaiu, and chcer
aftcr cheer.prolonged for some minutes.spoke
the wild euthusiasm of the Convention.
Mr. Leigh now proposed that a Commit-
tee of five beappointcd to mform Mr. Clay
of this uomination. r
Letters rrom Mr. Clay.Mr.Evans of Maine,
Mr. Clayton of Dclaware, and Judge Mc
JL.ean ol umo were reau. ,
Fillmorc forthe same oflice.
The naane of Theo. Frelinghuyson was
likewise preseuted. The Convention theii
proceeded to vote for a candidate for Vice
Prcsident. The result of the ballotings will
be eeen by asubsequent Ietter.
""TnE'Wino Youso Mk.n's RlrTrT-
lxa Coventios met to the number of 40,-
000 at Baltimore, on Thursday.
. JOHN M. CLAYTON, of Delaware, was
President.
The nominations werc unanimously rati
fied, with an cnthusiasm that surpasses de
scription. '9
Tha PRIZE BANNER was awarded to
Delaware.
Da.niel Webster.tvbs there, and when
he presented himsclf at'the front, there went
up a cheerthat might have beeu heard almost
at tho White Houso in Washington. Mr.
Webster spoke with carnestness, frankness
and accustoincd power. He was there, ho
said, to add the voice of one Whig more to
the universal Whig voice that had designated
Ileury Clay. as the Candidate of tho party
and ofthe Country.
He had bccn long in public life with Mr.
Clay, and althongh not always agreeing in
opinion they had diftered without any ditni
uution ofmutual regard, or respectjTatid on
all csential points, oftho foreign or dorces
tic policy of the country, he believed they dif
fered not at all. The cause, of which Mr.
Clay was thc Icader, was the one, the only
ly cause of the Whigs, and for one he was
willing, iu his humble way, to give it hi hear
tiest support.
Slr. W. passed n warm eulogy on Mr.
Frelinghuyscn, as one of the purest, safcst,
and firaicst statestnen of tho day, He said
in the language of our rcvolutionary fathcrs
our cause is just our unioB is perfect, and
we have only to support that just cause as
our fathers did, aud we should accomplish
pUcsuccess.
fXj Mr. Clay's Ietter exccpting the nomi
nation of the Convention is biief and to the
point. He says :
"Confidently bclicving that this noinina
tiou is in conformity with the desires of a ma
jority of the people of the United States, I
accept it fromahigh scnsc of dutyfaud with
fcelings of profouud gratitude.
I request you, you gentlcmen, in anuoun
cing to the Convention my acceptance ofthe
nomination, to:express the very great satis
faction I derive from the unanimity with
which it has been made." Alb. D. Adv.
Corresjiondcnce of the Com. Adv.
WAsmscTO!, April 29.
The publication of Mr. Van Buren's Ietter
on the subjcct of annexation took every one
by surprise. As soon as its grcat length
five culumus iti the Globe would permit, al
most every one had perused it.
Tho Globe makcs no comincnts on it, and,
indecd, states that no opportuuity had bccn
nfTbrded for its perusal. It was not ge ncrally
known hcre what sido Mr. Van liuren would
take, but thero was certainly nud impres
sion that he would go iu favor of anuexa
tioti. That hope, howcvcr, is d;sappointed; and
the friends of "immediate annexation" are
already heard, in every quarter, pouring out
thrcats aud dcnunciations upon both Clay and
Van Burcn.
Thc Calhoun organ thc Spectator has
a vehement article probably from the pcn
of Mr. Rliett, or at all cvents, atithorized by
the Calhoun men against Mr. Clay's Iet
ter. The Mndisonian is more tamc, and shun
uing Mr. Clay as too dangerous an antngonist,
coutinues its fire upon Mr. Webster.
The nuiiibcr of ihose who are frieudly to
.'immcdinte annexation" here, is limited to a
fcw viho compose thc Administration, nnd to
halfa dozcn Southcrn Scnators, and some
eighteen mcmbcrs of tbe IIousc.
Their view ofthe mattcrhns bcen laid be
fore the country by Mr. Senator Walker, in j
his pamphlct, and by Mr. Wilkins.
The views and argiiments of Mr. Calhoun I
mnv liRlonked aftcr wilh sreat lntcrcst. The!
friends ot ultimate a
nben the relations
jccu, u. icuusjn.um, r..nce that the opinions ana msua
behalf ofthe Pennsylvania Dclegation, the 1 . 'or the dhTercot States should be
name of Johu Sergeant as a candidate for 1 t , , d jf th snlt gnould be fa-
Vice President. Gen. Root. of New York, n? d J anation, and he were en-
rose and stated that tbeNewYork Delegation " power, he would
were instructcd by the Whig members of tbe hg hU dut t0 carry out tbe siews
Legislature to present the name of Millard . . . -nQt-itutionlv exnressed.
! anncxatioti, or annexation " crablem ofthe blue hens, and cnicks Minister has left ashington for the purpose
is of Texas shall have so ens. The city Is dotfcd all over with of signifying in the clearcst manner the dis
Tnxlrn as lo rendrr it rnn-tA ..... ., , , .. . ' . . r -t . .t. t
changcd toward Alexieo lo ren.lcr it con -
. Et.nr willi niir nhTirintiQ tn ilfTiin. arnT
numerous and dccidedl ' ving for the bannor, nnd Iho rivalry is
What Mr. Calhoun or any one can say to tne most spirited between Vermont, Dcl
the argumenU of Mr. Clay and Mr. Van , ..i.D At-c'it,it, inn
Burcn against aunexation: whilo Texas awaro and Arkansas. Massachusctts too,
and Mexico are at war, it is ditficult to con- and Virginia Maryland and New Jersoy
cc"e . . . , , , contest tbo prizc. A correspondent of
Thc anncxation question is now dead for , , ' . , . ...
the present. The number of its friends is the Expres dattng on the morning ofthe
not eufficient to blow up eithcr of the two 2d tlay, says, the thSroughfnres oftho cily
great panies to thc presidential clection, or t. BrQ ,;ned w- fc ,h(J beJjnt Rnd fash;on of ho
make a third party. . .
We shall hear vcry little of that matter in counlry, overy house is filled with people,
me comins conicsi. iuo suujai wm c
the war between Texas aud Mexico shall
have endcd, or when uew evcnts and circum-
stanccs shall rencler tho raeasure necessary
in the opinion of thc Union.
Trial of the Gordons for Murder.Vto
learn from tbe Providence Jourual that the
trial of John Gordon and William Gordon,
accused ofthe murdcr ofArnasa Spragne,
having occupied tlie Supreme Court for nine
days, was brought to a rlose Wcduesday cve
nin;, the 19th inst. The case was delivered
to the Jury at 5 o'clock, after an elab.orate
charge from the Cbicf Justice. Thc Jury,
after being out an hour aud a hnlf, returned
with a verdict ofguilty against Johu Gordon,
and not guilty as to William Gordon. Thc
former listencd to the verdict with perfect
calmness the Iattcr was much afTected.
William was discharged, and on partiug botb
were much aflected.
Extract of a Ietter from New Haven,
Conn., datcd, Wednesday, May 2nd.
"Tbe Legislature mct ycsterday and or
ganized Mr. McGurdy, was chosen speaker
of the House. They met again at 8 o'clock
this morning and heve chosen Hon. R. S.
Baldwin Governor. The eannon are notojlr
ing, the lells ringing a meny peal, and the
military assembling to esoort the Governor
to the State House. His majority over
Cleveland wa SO." Tbis il two rnore than
we laimod.
ir. Tt.trm nnd Tertut. '1 he Wasll-
i 1 . r uj J 1 " " "
Globe o, SaUirday eTening contains a
,eher fron. Mr. Van Buren on the subject of
i Th(j )ettcr 0CCUj,;es nearly five colurons
bM of tfae Gobei and is in reply to a
rrora Uon w H. Hamet, askiug
U13icns"u"""' , ,.
. -mr . r r r ci intn9 Innt llltt.
l:. .! n;inni nn tms lmnoriani suo-
. -r v Ttnren enters into a long his
J n '0cDeTariousnegociations between tbe
jjtei gutes and rexas and Mexico quotes
y.ews and w-isi,cs of Gen. Jackson and
hig Cabinett diSCUssethe policy and impohcy
anncxation, alludesto the improbabili-
,v 0f Texas becoming a British colony, and
. , whbout expressly declaring it, that
. nnfaTorabIe to annexation. He says,
,,...., ,hat ihe sub ect is ot so mucn im-
. .'. i r.i,..
people,
Erpreas.
THE GALAXY.
MIDDLEBURY:
Wednesday May 8, 1844.
For President,
HENRY CLAY.
For Vice President,
TIIE0P0RE FRELINGHUYSEN.
THE BALTIMORE CONVENTION.
We are happy togive to 'our readers as
much as we can. aud all that it is essential to
know iu relation to the nominating conven
tion. Never perhaps m the political history
of the country was there a presidential nom
instionmado with more unanimity, or receiv
ed withmore wannand enthusiastic approba
tion, than that of Mr. Clay. Besides tbe del
egates, the meeting was immense, and when
the nomination was presented for approval
one universal acclamation wentforth from tho
assemblagc, which says tho N. Y. Exprcss
made thebuilding ring as with tho roar of a
whole park of artillery. All arose, all shout-
ed, and the feeling of age wis brought into
competition with the euthusiasm of youth. f
In relation to tbe Vice Presidency a diver
sity of views was'manifested. A spirited ri
valship arose between the friends of the dif
ferent candidates, all of whom were cminent
Iy fitted by their talents and integrity to fill the
station with honor to themselves and advan
tage to tbe country. But the competition
was characteriicdihruugliout by a patriotic
and sclfsacrificing spirit, &ended iu theyicld
iug of state aud individual preferences to tha
success of tbe grcat causo which they were
assembled to promote. As thc friends of tha
rival candidates arouso one by one to express
their adhesion to lhc nomination of Theo
dore Frclinghuyscn, and pledged themselves
to outstrip each other in the approaching
compaign for the noble ticket which had been
presented, the most enthusiastic chccrings
rung through the Hall. The South, except
South Carolina, who polled for John Davis
wero almost unanimous for Mr. Frclinghuy
scn. Mr. Frelinghuyscn will add to the strcngth
of the ticket, even though headcd by Henry
Clay. He was long a senator from New Jer
sey, and isdislinguished alike for his Iearning
wisdom, piety aud patriotism. He is a mau
of high and loftycharacter, upon which even
tho malignity of locofocoism cannot allix a
stigma. He is now Chancellor of the Uni
versity of New York, and will soon be Vice
Pres'.dent of tho United states, by an over-'
whelruing majority. Ilurrah for Clay ond
Frelinghuyscn!! '
A Little Lateu. Multiludcs upon
multiludes (May 1st.) says a Ictlcr wn
tor, nro ponring into thecity. Tho de
vises and banncrs are innumcrablo, livo
coons are numcrous, and tho universal
cry is "The same old Coon is a Coming."
I tf- I,, linrn Tn nrn.l nnmtinr. n Tl A Tlf.1 Wllh
Va ;3 here ;n t numbers,and Del. with
. ....
y,. , f,h deIegalion3 nro 8,ri
o ' D
and every windoiv displayes benutuui ta
ces and tasteful dresses.
anv buildmgsl
.
nra ornamcnted with flags, inscriptions,
banners, and porlrnils of dislinguished
men, while lofty and clcgant arcbes,
adorno'd wilhvhig mcasures and whig
names crown tho prominent strcets, It
is a joyoas 6cone tnnd far suppassing tbe
gathering of lSO. Nearly all the prom-'
inont Whigs in tho Union, aro present.
The Treatt. It is hardly nectssary for
us to give the terms of tbe perfidious .treaty
of annexation 'tn extenso.' It can as pub
lished, scarcely be doubted that it will be re
jected with scorn bj the Senate. Tbe read
ing of the documents assigning the rcasons
of the measure, excitcd nothing but langli
ter, disgnstand exasperation, in far the larg
cst proportion of tbat body. The terms, in
short, are, 1st. Texas to be admitted as a
territory witb one representatire. Slavery il
left an dpen question.
2d. Tbe Texas debt is assumtd by the
Umon, amounting to at least to millions, to
be paid out of the proceeds of the pablie
lands which are surrendered to tbe United
States.
3d. Tbebouadary question is left open
U 1 IUC UCUUH.I I""
for negoctiation. Tbe rights of Mexico are
not alluded to.
4th. A board of Commissioners to settlo
the claim of debtors.
CORRESPONDENCE.
Almost the whole fabrickof theargnmen1
disclosed by the documents accotnpanymg
ths treaty of annexation, is based upon a dc
sign imputcd to Great Britain by Mcssrs.
Upsbur, Tyler, and Calhoun, of exerting an
influence through thc govcranicntof Mexico.
to procure the ab'olition of slavcry in Texas.
On this ground it is that these conspirators
vindicate tho negociation. Bnt most unfor-
tunately, facts do not justify the premises
which have been taken; and in the absenco
of a narticle of evidence better than mere
surmise, the British minister has peremptori
v denied anv interference oftho kind. This
disavowal was made to Mr. Everettin Lon-
.nn nn rpcentlv to tbe Administration at
Washington, and is among the documents
accompanyinc the treaty to the Senate.
Lord Aberdeen did, bowever, clcarly exprcss
the desire of Great Britain to see slavery a
bolished in Texas; but disavowed assuimng
anv authoritv. and declaree that the govern-
ments of Mexico and Texas to be left by her
at liberty to make any arrangemeots iu regard
to the abolition of slavery.or any other points.
Butas with some men all gocs by contraries.
this only convinced TJpshur and Calhoun of
tbo impenous duty ol tne govemraeni iu ui-
fence ofthe peculiar institution, and forever
to perpetuale it in theworld to take speedy
mcasures to annex Texas. Such is thescan-
dalous logic which is to reconcile a nation of
frecmen to this most infamous transaction
Tho pcrpetuation fof slavery throughout all
future generations, at home and nbroad. The
justification isten tiraes worse that the charge
itself. No wonder some or tho noble spirited
whigs in the Senate trampled the documents
under their feet. and that John C. Calhoun,
inthe estimation of a large portion of this na
tion has sunk down to the level of that fox
BDd weazel politician whom he aflects to de
soise. "Par nohile fratrum." They are
doomed men. Peace to their maues.
A New Ttler Movemest. Tho nearer
John Tyler approaches his political end tbe
more misehicvous he grows. Not satisfied
with endangoring the safety ofthe country by
the accursed projcct of annexation, he is
Iient upon undcnnining tho taruT byanother
abuse of the treaty making power. At the
command of this madman, Mr. Wheaton,
our Minister to Prussia has negociated a trea.
ty wilh thc Gerraan States, by which Germa-
ny agrees to reduce hcr niipost upon Ameri'
can Tobacco from 120 to 70 per cent. on
Lard slightly, and not to increase her duties
onRlcii and for tho paltry ndvantage to a
ingle article, raised in a very limited seetiou
of the country, our government stipulates to
cut down our duties on her silks, linens, ho-
siery, toys, and fancy goods, and in fact,
multitude of articles of German nianufac-
ture. Nothing can bo so ruinous to the in
dustrial classcs of our own country, while
not a German opcrative suQers by thc reduc
tiou on Tobacco. One Hundred Thousand
American workingmcn will be the suflerers
by this new movo of tho mad aspirant of the
White house, to secure tho aid of Maryland
and Virginia to his phronzied purposes of
continuancc in power. It is full time that
Bcdlam had claimed its own.
StirrBESSios or Docuiiests. The New
York American chargcs mischief-making
Tyler with thc supprcssion ot important doc
uments in relation to thc Texas afiair. That
according to agrcement with Houston.though
notcommunicated to the Senate, thc naval
nnd military forccs of the Union wcrc imme-
diatclyto approacb tbeneighborhood of Tex
as ready (or her defcncc, in case of cmergeu-
cy. Accordingly it appears in the papcrs,1
that a part of our naval forces has reccntly
been ordered into thc Gnlph of Mexico, and
two regiments of infantry detached to march
ou to tho Texian fronticr, as occasion may
rcquire.
But again, where, asks tbe American is the
protcst of General Almonte, .the Mexiean
Minister, against the treaty of aunexation.
There can scarcely be a doubt df the exist
ence of a protcstfrom this, quarter, as the
sent ofkMcxico to thc annexation to the U.
Statcsjofa territory which sh"e rcgards as one
of ber own provinces.
PETITIONS to tbe COUNTY COURT.
To the Citizens of Addison County.
In a few days there will be sent to the
towns of Addison County, which have not
bcen already supplied, copies of pctitions to
the County Court, for" the refusal of all hccn-
Ises to vend intoxicating drinks. One form of
petition is for frecmcn,oxclusivcly, and asec-
m. , J "
Tdpv tvpro nrpnarpn at thf ernpntn. nf tnA
' J i -1 "I
Younj Men's Temperance Society of Mid
dlebury, for whom we ourselves are acting as
a Committee. The pctitions will be circnla
ted as faraspossible, in connection with the
labors of Moses P. Parisb, Esq. Temperance
Agent for the State. .
Fellow Citizens, the importanco of this
morementdemands an extraordinary atten
tion. Tbe main point of anxiety at present.
is, the immediate and universal circulaiion of
the petitions,and a careful return ofthe same
in seaBon for the'session of the Court, If
these are secured, the Committee have noap
prehension that the majority in the county
against licenses will be found less decided
than it was, in Middlebury itself, last year,
where an expression of public sentiment by
the same meaiu wns nhtainAiY.
nmcu AUdlson
County, by the Iate decision of our County
Court was placed, ononx to be sustaiked.
Consistency and character demand it, not less
than self protection. Already the action of
the towns and tbo boards of town antharitv
as far as such action has been taken, have o-
vinced that the refusal of the Court correctly
expressd the tnind of the peopfe. L-t ths
people themselves in .their fr'mnry C2pacitTi
complete the noble exprcssion.
Fcllow citizens, we borrow an illustrai,10a
frora the ordinary business of the season.md
we say that the ground you are preparing.aud
the seed jou are about .to east iu, will rct
more certainly be productivo of valuable
crops,than will the exerciseof your privilego
a9 constituat mcmbcrs of tho communitv be
productive of rich blcssings loyojurselres and
yonr postenty. 1 he voice of your petiticns
will long illuminatc gladness even to the class
cs who now rcgard yourobjcct nith distrn.t
or meet it with opposition. Let cu one th?n,
of the great mass be ncgligent as to th t'.s-
jtosal of his own drop of inlliiencc. L:t,
first, the circulaHonof tlie pctitions be provi
ded for, in every town, lyimvudiale and adc-
quale arrangemcnts. Next, Ict every inhbi
tant, to whom the paper shall come, dujy ap-
prthend theimporlance of 4he rcpestjho U ia-
vited to unite iu. Lastly, lct Oic uufk be tta
sonally complcted, and Oic restdt rctwncd to
James M. Slade.Esq. President of thoYoung
Slen's Tem.perance Society at Middlebury.
Then will a grand step have been completcd
tendiug to tho removal of public grievaiiccj
and private burdens to the invigorstioa t
industry and tbe purilication of morals.
Signcd,
TIIOS. A. MERRILL, .
ALX. C. TWINING. ( Cera'e;
S. PEARL LATHKOP. S
xx:stlva:a. The revenuo bill to savs
the credit of tbe State and repndiate repudi
atlon has passed both Houses and been ap
provea by thc Governor.
VILLAGE IMPROVEMENT.
We are hajipy to perccive that tbe bltherto
neglected grounds around the old Collcge
now the Academy deeded many yoars ogo,
by Col. Scth Storrsind other pnblic spirited
citizens, for n public green, arc about to bo
cnclosed, levellcd and plantcd with trees. in
such a manner as to be an ornament and ben
efit to the village. At the meeting on Wcd.
nesday evening last, tha Committee reported
a detailcd plan for tho strcets, the park, !tc,
accurately drawn on a considerable scale;
which was considcrcd and fully ndopted. A
Committeeiwas appointed to raise the neces
sary nmount of funds, nnd the Trustecs of
tho village with one individual united with
them for the purpose, wero requested to o
vcrsoe the execution. The project rneeai
with decided and uniform favor smong our
citizeus.
07" The Tyler oflice seckers and holders
are moving in all quarters in obedience to tho
edict from "Washington to get up meeting
for the projected National Convention. Gco.
Roborts of Boston Chairmau of tho Tyler
State Committee, has scut a circular to all
Po3t masters'in the State, requiring them to
get up meetiugs to appoint delegatcs. The
Convention will assemble at Baltimore oa.
the 27th of May.
CS The New York Evening Posf.nlsna
cd at the nnfavorable omensin relation to th
success of the weazlo candidate, cspecially
sicce the publication of his point co point
Ietter iu relation to aunexation, wbips up tho
Tribune for dcclariug that Cass decliues tha
presidential canvass. He says Cass has a
good chance of beiog selectcd as a candid
ate by the Baltimore Convcution.
ViaoiiA Electio.v. Tho papers siy tha
news comes in glorionsly. It is strojjgly be
lieved theiwhigs will obtain a majority injnict
ballot, and also a majority of thc people.
Thelastrelurnsshow that tho whigs have a
nettgaio of 12overalI the Iocofoco gains.
Of the two mem!cr3 of Congress. Mr. Gog
in, whig iu the Gilmorc district is elected,
but Bagly, Ioco in clected in the Wiss district
by a suiall majority over Carter.
The (Ioco) Richmond Enquirer epeaks
very despondingly f the result, and that
majority injoint ballot isadoubtful problcm..
MR. CL.Y'S LETTER ON ANNE2
- ATION.
It is with ihe highest gratilicallon w this
week lay bcforo our readers the expected Iet
ter of Mr. Cby on the subject of annexation.
None but tboso who are blinded by prejudice,
orignorance as to tho true character of this
truly great and patriotic citizen, could hava
anticipated any thing but unqualified opposi
tion to a project, characterized with ths
blackcst perfidy to Mexico, and the mostdan-
gerous inflnences upon the peace and tran-
quility, and even the existence ofthe Union.
How frankly and decidcdly too doea he expres
his bostility to annexation, while rcceiving
the plaudits'and enjoying the bospitalities of
his fellow citizens who are known to be stren
uous advocates of the measure he repudiatcs.
ButJJenry Clay places the commonwcalth
above parties and personal aggrandizcment.
Like the good Emperor Antoninus, he has
uuiumg oi nis own, next to the father ot
his country, we.are bold to dcclare, that s
nobler hearted man, a purcr patriot, and a
more enlightened and giftcd statesman never
breathed in the atmosphere of the republie.
It is' true he isa slaveholder, and so was
Wasbiugton. Each were inhabitants of
slavcboldiug states, and each have expressed
their strong sense ofthe Injustice. inhuraani
tyand inexpediency ofthe pecnliar institution.
Says Henry Clay in one of his public speech
es,' " Iam no frcind to slatery. The scarchcr
of all hearts knoics that mine beats high and
strong in the cause, of citil liberty.
We
boldly ask the slanderers of Mr. Clay, when
ho has made the country the victim of bi
own personal aggrandizement? Wbereh
he not stood erect and unflinchiug in tb
caa of popular rights, ofthe union, tbe con
stitution and the national prosperity ? Wben
has he iuculcated in our national councils any
other sentiroents than these of buinamty, m
violable public faith and high national honor
and integrity, all grossly outraged by ti
abominable project of annexation I Inhi
last masterly prodncuon of this great mitu
with what patriotic spirit does ho nrge