The Lexington advertiser. [volume], May 19, 1904, Image 3

About The Lexington advertiser. [volume] (Lexington, Miss.) 1904-1985

Image provided by: Mississippi Department of Archives and History

                
Mississippi State News
*■
The San Jcee Scale.
As many of our readers are en
gaged in fruit culture, and for the
further reason that we are satisfied
it will prove of interest to them.
' '
we give space this week to the arti
ele below on the much dreaded "San
Jose Seale." It is from the pen of
Frol, (ilenn \\. Herrick, entainolo-!
gist of the Mississippi Agricultural
., ,, , . ,, ° ,
College, and is well worth reading.
It follows:
This is one of the most injurious
insects to which peach and plum trees
are subject; and, although It is widely
distributed over the State, very few
fruit growers are sufficiently familiar
with it to recognize it when present
in their orchards.
Probably no insect has been the sub
ject of more discussion or experimen
tation than the San Jose Scale, and
small wonder, for it is the most perni
cious insect pest to which the fruit
interests of this country are subject.
As near as can be determined, this
insect was introduced on fruit trees
into the grounds of Mr. James Lick,
of San Jose, Cal., in the early '70s.
By 1886 or 1887 it had been imported
into Eastern nurseries and from this
time on began to spread over the East
and South. It Is supposed that the in
sect originally came from China.
This pest is a small, louse-like in
sect, Just visible to the naked eye. it
lives beneath a hard, round, waxy
scale on the outside of the bark of
the trees. The scales, which are con
ical and about as large as pin heads,
become so numerous on the trees as
to form a gray, scrubby and continu
ous layer over the branches. The in
sects are well protected by the scales,
and they have long slender beaks
which they insert through the outer
bark into the tender tissues of the
tree, thus enabling them to suck the
juices from the tree, thereby killing
it, or greatly injuring it. On account
of the waxy scales, these insects are
very difficult to reac* with any sub
stance.
The mature females give birth to
their young, which issue in the spring
just about this time—from the first
to the middle of May, After the young
are produced, the old females shrivel
tip and die, 'while the young come out
from under the scales and wander
around over the trees searching for
places on which to settle down where
they may insert their beaks and begin
secreting their scaly covering. While
the young Insects are wandering over
the trees, they are unprotected and
may be easily killed. One can see the
young Insects with the naked eye,
especially on trees where they are
abundant. They appear as minute,
yellow lice moving slowly about.
There are two things in regard to
the San Jose Scale that I wish to em
phasize particularly in this paper. The
first is the unprotected state of the
fruit growers in Mississippi. Nearly
all of our surrounding States have
laws prohibiting nurserymen trom
sending their stock into those States
unless such nursery stock has been
fumigated and regularly inspected by
a competent entomologist. Moreover,
the stock must be accompanied by a
certificate, from an entomologist to
the effect that it is free from San
Jose Scale and other injurious in
sects and diseases. Not so with Mis
sissippi, This State has been the
dumping ground, as it were, for nur
sery stock from other parts of the
Union, infested or otherwise. How
long are the people of our State go
ing to suffer this? ' I .ramed a care
ful bill and placed it before our last
legislature, but wgs told that the peo
ple of the State had not asked for
such legislation. So, after all, the peo
ple are to blame for their own suffer
ings. If you ask your legislators for
relief, you will surely get it. In every
case in which the scale has been re
ported to me 1 have traced it. to trees
A Warning to Southern Girls.
The most stupendous and auda
cious scheme which the world ever
witnessed is being organized and'op
erated at this time to lure young
girls from the towns of this and
other States into the dens of iniquity
in St. Louis. The matter has come
to light through the • abortive at
tempts of some of the agent! of the
syndicate engaged in this traffic of
iniquity, and the most determined
efforts to stop the practice are being
set on foot by the people of the city
of St. Louis, as well as those of other
cities and towns where the syndicate
hopes to recruit its victims,
plan of the syndicate is to procure
young women from the working
classes to come to St. Louis under
promise of employment during the
World's Fair season, and then to
meet them at the depot in St. Louis
and conduct them to some brothel,
where their feet are set in the wavs
of ruin and their lives are hopelessly
wrecked before they can lie readied
by any possible assistance.
Easy to Borrow.
The failure to make the appro
priation of $30,000 for the support
of the oyster commission was purely
a legislative oversight, and it will
bo an easy matter for the commis
sion to borrow this sum at a small
rate of interest for the next two
years, the amount to be reimbursed
by the session of 1906. The legis
lators certainly could not refuse to
appropriate the amount when the
failure was the result of careless
ness.
The
No Special Session.
There is no probability of a spe
cial session of the Mississippi legis
lature to remedy defects in appro
priation hills, all rumors and re
ports emanating from space writers
to the contrary notwithstanding.
Gov. Vardaman has not even seri
ously considered the advisability of
convening the body in special session,
for confidence is felt that adjust
ment can be .made of present diffi
culties without this recourse.
th ;s *;lnd. every buyer of fruit trees
should demand that their trees be ac
companied by a certificate of inspec
tlon lrom a competent entomologist
|° e th s e ca ^ ect that they are free trom
The second thing 1 wish to discuss is
a 1116,110,1 ot combatting this insect
jin the summer. Some fruit growers
brought from some nursery outside of
the Stale—thus the necessity of a law
requiring nursery stock to be inspect
ed before it is shipped from the nur
sery.
Since Mississippi has no law
are losing their trees this spring from
the effects of the work of tills scale,
and unless they do something right
away, more trees will die before tall.
Summer, however, is not the best time
to fight the scale, because it is diffi
cult to get a substance that will kill
the insects and not hurt the foliage
of the trees. Winter is the best timl
to combat the scale. On the other
hand, there are some things that can
be done in summer to hold the scale
in check. Perhaps the best substance
for this purpose is an emulsion made
of kerosene oil and soap. It may be
made according to the following for
mula:
2 pounds of hard soap.
4 gallons of soft water.
8 gallons of kerosene oil.
Place the soap in the water over a
fire and heat until it is thoroughly dis
solved. Pour the oil into a barrel in
which the pump is set, and when the
water and soap are boiling hot, pour
them both into the oil. Pump the
mixture with vigor back into itself for
ten or fifteen minutes, or until the
soap and oil form a creamy mixture.
This should then be diluted to 80 gal
lons and applied with a good barrel
spray pump with two leads of hose,
each hose fitted with a "Vermorel" or
"Mistry" nozzle. The "Century" bar
rel sprayer, manufactured by the De
ming Company, Salem, O., the "Po
mona" pump manufactured by the
Gould's Manufacturing Company.,
Seneca Falls, N. Y., and the "Empire
King" pump manufactured by the El
mira Force Pump Company, Elmira,
N. Y., are all good pumps for this
work. If the trees are small, the
emulsion may be applied with a knap
sack sprayer. Knapsack sprayers are
also manufactured and sold by all of
the above named companies. One
should use great care and coat ail the
branches and trunks with the mixture.
It would be well to give the trees two
sprayings about thirty days apart.
The scale can also be very effective
ly checked during the summer by the
use of the lime-salt-sulphur wash. This
is pre-eminently a winter wash, but
can be used with efficiency during the
cummer. It kills - e foliage, however,
and cannot be applied to the leaves
with a spray pump. It is made accord
ing to the following formula:
15 pounds of sulphur.
15 pounds of quick lime.
5 pounds of salt.
45 gallons of water.
The lime Bnould be slaked in three
or four gallons of hot water in a ket
tle holding at least 20 gallons. When
the lime is nearly slaked, but before
it quits boiling, add the fifteen pounds
of sulphur and enough hot water to
make a thin paste of the lime and sul
phur. Stir the lime and sulphur vig
orously until they are thorouu,
mixed. Then add the five pounds of
salt, and boil vigorously tor 45 min
utes. Be sure the mixture boils for 45
minutes. When through boiling apply
to the trunks and branches with a
brush or mop, being careful not to
touch the foliage. The more thor
oughly and carefully the branches are
coated the more efficiently the scale
will be checked.
I shall be glad to answer any ques
tions relative to the scale and spray
ing mixtures and apparatus. I>ater in
the year we shall discuss the best
known winter remedies for the scale
and give our own results with the use
of the lime-salt-sulphur wash.
GLENN W. HERRICK,
Entomologist.
Agricultural College, May 12.
Railroad Commission.
The Mississippi ralroad commis
sion has received a letter from the
Hector Provision Company of Vicks
burg asking for a
whether or not a railroad has the
right to hold the freight of a con
signee for demurrage due ear serv
ice assiciations, and, if so, under
what statute does this authority ex
The company addressed a let
ter to tlie attorney-general asking
for an ipinion on the subject, but
Mr. Williams declined on the ground
that he is the legal adviser of the
commission, and could not give an
official opinion to an individual, but
suggesting that the matter be re
ferred to the railroad commission.
as to
ruling
ist.
A New Industry.
The certificate of incorporation of
the Lignum Product Company,
domiciled at Wilmington, Del., with
a capital stock of $30,000, was filed
for record in the office of thb sec
retary of State this morning. The
company intends to establish a large
turpentine distillery in the piney
woods region of South Mississippi.
Military Encampment.
The list of towns anxious to secure
the encampment of the Mississippi
national guard during the latter
part of August is growing. Pass
Christian,
Natchez and Hails Springs have, al
ready determined to set the attrac
tions of their respective localities
before the committee when the time
arrives for selecting the place for
the holding of the encampment,
which will not occur until June.
Columbus,
Biloxi,
Convention Doings.
A number of the county Demo
cratic executive committees held
meetings last week, according to the
call of the chairman, and issued an
order for the various voting pre
cincts to organize in mass conven
tion and select by secret ballot dele
gates to attend the county conven
tion, which will select the county
delegates to the State Democratic
convention to meet in Jackson on
June 15.
The Coll Weevil Fight
A late Washington dispatch, dis
cussing the boll weevil fight, says:
Work has already begun, under the
direction of the field agents of the di
vision of entomology of the bureau ot
plant Industry of the department of
agriculture, seeking means for fight
ing the cotton boll weevil. Congress
realized the danger to the cotton in
dustry in this pest when the appropria
tion of $500,000 was made for the pur
pose of fighting it.
Fifteen stations have been selected
in Texas, where cotton will be culti
vated under the direction of the spe
cial men in the employ of the depart
ment, and the work of the weevil with
the growth of the cotton plant will be
closely watched and recorded. In the
meantime investigation is being made
into the origin of the insect in Mex
ico to ascertain, if possible, whether
it has a natural enemy which may be
introduced into Texas. The discover
ies of the investigation so far ad
vance little hope for Its ultimate de
struction.
There is In press now, however, a
bulletin of 116 pages, dealing entirely
with the weevil. It will be issued
soon and distributed to the growers
and planters in the infested area. It
is prepared under the direction of
Field Agents W. E. Hunter and W. D.
Hinds, and is said to be a most com
plete treatise. The following extract
from the bulletin relating to the pros
pects of the spread of the insect is
believed to be of special interest at
this time.
That the great cotton growing sec
tion of Mississippi may not escape in
vasion is a serious question to contem
plate. The extract referred to reads
as follows:
"The investigations of the life his
tory of the weevil have indicated that
the most important elements in limit
ing the spread of the insect—namely,
winter temperatures—in this case of
fer no assurance that the pest will
soon be checked. For the past ten
years, except where local unfavorable
conditions have interfered, it has ad
vanced annually a distance of about
fifty miles. The insect is undoubtedly
changing its habits and adapting itself
to climate conditions in new regions
that it is invading. It is undoubted
ly true that it has acquired an ability
to withstand more severe frosts than
occurred in the vicinity of San An
tonio in 1895. Except in a few partic
ular regions, however, It does not
seem that the continued spread will
be as rapid as it has been. The coun
try between Gonzales county and the
Red river is practically a continuous
cotton field, and the prevailing winds
have undoubtedly favored the north
ward spread of the insect. Similar
conditions will now favor a rapid ex
tension into the Red river valley in
Louisiana, and likewise there seems
no doubt that the spread will be rapid
in the Yazoo valley in Mississippi,
but in most other situations through
out the belt the cotton fields are
smaller and more Isolated than is the
case in Texas; consequently it is to be
supposed that the spread of the pest
will be
"Basing estimates on a careful study
of the distance the boll weevil has
traveled each year, as well as upon
some attention that has been paid to
the means whereby it reaches new ter
ritory, it seems safe to predict that in
from fifteen to eighteen years the pest
will be found throughout the cotton
belt. During the time it has been in
Texas there has been no tendency
toward dying out, and in South Texas
the pest is practically as troublesome,
except in so far as it is affected by
changes in managing the crop, as it
was in 1895. In Mexico, where it has
existed for a much longer period, it is
apparently as plentiful as ever. Care
ful attention which has been paid to the
study of parasites and diseases, as
well as temperatures unfavorable to
the insect, has failed to reveal any
prospect that it will ever be much less
troublesome than now. There will,
nevertheless, be seasons from time
to time in which the damage will be
much less than normal. Climatic con
ditions will undoubtedly cause tem
porary diminution of the numbers of
the pest in certain localities. In Texas
these conditions have given rise al
most every year to the supposition on
the part of the planters that the in
sects have died out. Whenever a se
ries of years of scanty rainfall is fol
lowed by one of normal precipitation
the weevil will temporarily be com
paratively unimportant. The most
disastrous seasons will be those in
which the rainfall is excessive and
planting unavoidably thrown late.
"The fact that the insect is rather
rapidly adapting itself to conditions
In the United States that are quite
diverse from those of its native home
loads to the supposition that it would
experience but little difficulty in
adapting itself to climate conditions
wherever cotton may be grown. This
probability of the spread of the weevil
outside of the United States is In
creased by the fact that cotton seed
for planting purposes is frequently
shipped from the United States to va
rious parts of the globe. • There la
nothing whatever to prevent weevils
that may happen to be sacked with
cotton seed from being carried long
distances on shipboard.
Fine Peach Crop;
Mississippi will have a splendid
poach crop this year. From all
parts of the State come reports that
the trees arc loaded to the break
ing point with the luscious fruit,
and within the next two weeks the
home-grown crop will commence to
arrive on the market in large quan
tities.
Baldwin Gets Religion.
Albert Baldwin, the negro mur
derer of Engineer Thomas Fogarty,
who is in the Jackson jail await
ing the death sentence, has eortiered
a very choice assortment of religion,
very much to the disgust of the other
inmates of the jail, who are being
kept awake for a greater portion of
the night with his prayers and
shouts of "Glory to Jesus!" Bald
win's religiojts turn of mind is due
to the visits of negro preachers.
Petitions for Pardons.
Petitions have been made to Gov.
Yardatnan for the pardon of Will
Dunn, who was sentenced to tha
State penitentiary for life from
Holmes county in 1896. The rea
son assigned for asking Dunn't
pardon are that he has been n peace
able man, a faithful convict, and
that an old mother needs his sup
port. The governor is also asked
to pardon Jim Hooker, who is now
serving a seven years' sentence.
EIGHT BISHOPS
Five Will Be Elected to Take
Place of Retired Ones.
MAY TAKE VOTE WEDNESDAY
>Ii
iy Nuine* llavt* H«*«*i
Mentioned
for tlit* Ponlttonn— Mutter of
A\
lUMVinenlN t<
He
Taken I p.
Los Angeles, Cal., May 16.—Sunday
was welcomed by the delegates to the
Methodist general conference as a day
of rest, after a week of continuous
sessions, either of the conference or
of the various committees. While
enough visiting bishops and ministers
volunteered their services to the pul
pit supply committee to fill every pul
pit in the city and suburban towns, at
both morning and evening services, the
great body of delegates rested and
talked over the events of yesterday's
session of the conference. Sermons by
the following bishops were preached
Sunday:
By H. W. Warren, at Boyle
Heights M. E .church; Bishop D. H.
Moore, Centennial M. E. church; Bish
op F. W. Warne, Boyle Heights, evn
ing; Bishop H. J. Vincent, Vincent M.
E. church, where dedicatory ceremonies
were held; Bishop Earl Cranston,
Blanchard's hall; Bishop Joseph C.
Hartzell, First M. E, church, Pasadena.
All other Methodist pulpits in the
city and many other denominations
were occupied by visiting clergymen.
At the First M. E. church, this city,
Dr, Joseph Barry led a large evan
gelistic mass meeting, and at Simp
son's auditorium, Dr. Frank Mason
North, George P. Eckman and J. W.
Bashford made addresses to a large
crowd.
Hazard's pavilion was crowded to
overflowing to listen to a sermon by
Dr. Waddy Moss, fraternal delegate
from the Methodist church in Eng
land, and at the same place there was
a meeting of the Women's Home Mis*
sonary society.
The happenings at Saturday's ses
sion of the general conference, when
a vote was taken on the retirement of
five bishops, furnished a live topic of
discussion among the delegates Sun
day. The general opinion of the dele
gates is that when the report is given
out Monday morning it will show a
decided majority in favor of the re
port of the episcopacy committee rec
ommending the retirement of Bishops
Vincent. Walden, Andrews, Mallalieu
ind Foss. The prompt and determined
manner in which the subject was put
through the conference Saturday, in
the face of strong efforts to postpone
definite action until Monday, was much
commented upon. There are a certain
number of delegates, especially among
the laymen, who are disposed to criti
cise the manner in which the five aged
bishops were deprived' of their high
offices; but the leaders seem to feel
relieved that the most unpleasant duty
of the conference has been performed,
and that the way' Is now' dleaf to make
up other pressing and important legis
lation. ,, , ,
it is,quite likely that the election of
eight, possibly more, bishops will take
place during the week. The day has
not been decided upon, but it is gen
erally believed it will be Wednesday
or'Thursday.
Other matters that, will come before
the conference this week are: Action
of the Methodist church upon divorce,
consolidation of the various branches
ot the book concern, limiting the ten
ure of pastorate, placing the church on
record in the matter of amusements,
viz.; dancing, card playing, theater
going, etc., and many other matters
that have been brought up in me
ntorials from different conferences.
The, number of candidates for bishops
grows daily, and no less than 35 names
are now mentioned in this connection.
MR. WENTZ MAKES APOLOGY
Declare* Thut He Dili Not Lite Such
Term* Credited to Hlui iu
PreMN Dispatches.
Knoxville, Tenn , May 16.—A special
to the Journal and Tribune from Bris
tol. Tenn., says:
The coroner's jury which rendered
a verdict of accidental shooting in .the
case of Edward T. Wentz, whose dead
body was found in Wi^e County, Va.,
several, days ago, Sunday afternoon re
ceived a reply from Dr. J. S. Wentz
regarding his alleged crminal charge
In Veldtton df the finding of the jury.
Dr. Wentz makes due apology to this
jury, declaring that he did not use
such terms as were credited to him in
the prdsd dispatches. Dr. Wentz was
credited with intimating that the ver
dict was intended to shield the mur
derers of his son, who wore friends
of the jury.
BALLOONIST FALLS IN RIVER
Wn* Faniened In HI* Pnmehnte and
Could Not Extricate Himself
and W«« Drowned.
Van Buren, Ark., May 16.—E. E.
Limbocker, of Logansport, Ind., fell
Into the Arkansas river here Saturday
afternoon and was crowned. He had
just made an ascension of 3,000 feet.
He was fastened iu his parachute
and could not extricate himself, and
drowned before assistance could reach
hint,
Goodwin Taler. 1 1 * Postal Work.
Washington, May 16.—Judge Russell
P. Goodwin, of Aurora, 111., the newly
appointed attorney for the post office
department, to succeeded Chas H. Robb,
arrived in Washngton Sunday evening,
accompanied by William S. Hopkins,
also of Aurora.
To Attend I*rr»» Congrru.
New York, May 16.—Representatives
of Swiss, French, Turkish and Portu
guese newspapers arrived Sunday on
the steamship La Bretagne. They will
attend the congress at St. Louis.
GOODS RECEIVED SAXE DAY ORDERED EXfi*
Leon Hesdorffer
LIQUOR DEALER
****** Canton, Mississippi
i#
*§
*
nudorfttfle Private Stock per qua* $SM
Hepdorffe/e Pure Rye
The Famous Tfpd 7op Rye pee qua* $1.23
Ptie Cooper Rye reduced price per qua* $1.50
Murry Hh, Club recuced price
Old Monopole Rye
OU Silts moor*
73c
$1.25
Kentucky 'Belle Bourbon
75c
$1.00
OU (Rory Rye
GOt Edge Straight Whiskey per gallon 32.00
' *********
Satisfaction Guaranteed ot Money Refunded on Any of These Brands.
75c
I
#1
$1.00
LONO DISTANCE TELEPHONE, NUMMN 74.
r
n
PROVIDENT
ASSURANCE
SAVINGS LIFE
SOCIETY * *
k
146 and 348 Broadway,
EDWABD W. SCOTT,
New York
President
«• w Organized «■ «
1875
SIX YEcATiS' ADDITIONS .*. b^OM OFFICIAL STATEMENTS
(TI THE COMPANY HAS DOUBLE ITS INCOME
6 TREBLED ITS ASSETS QUADRUPLED ITS RE- 9
9 SERVE TEN-FOLD INCREASED ITS EXCESS OF IN- n
|6[ COME OVER DISBURSEMENTS
Policies Issued to
\
* * * * 2,
meet the wants of all amounts (100 to 950,000
AGENTS WANTED UUU
For Information as to
Rates Apply to.
JAS* H, FUQUA, JR., General Agent,
HOLMES COUNTY BANK BUILDING, LEXINGTON, MISS.
im
r
W: H: SUTTON
INSURANCE AGENT
Fire and Cyclone Insurance
LEXINGTON,
MISS.
An Ideal Shopping Place
I
la found her*. Ladies' will appreci
ate that on their first visit to the
store. The stock of goods carried is
particularly well assorted and being
selected with care the design, work
manship and finish ot various arti
Of
Jewelry
IF
i
offered Is hignly pleasing. There's
a very pleasing line of little novelties
in Gola, Silver ana other install
They are not expensive, but add
much to tha oharm of a oostume.
4.
P. A. LINDHOLM,
JIWILER and JUVERSMITH
NfV MAJftNIC~kNbifcX".'
r
F. L. EATMAN & BR0.
....Brokers in..
COTTON STOCKS, GRAIN AND PROVISIONS.
Exchanges at Canton, Durant, Kosoiusko and Lexington, Mis*. Private
wire from New Yerk, Chicago, and N4W Orieahs. We execute all our orders
with Gibert Sc Clay, in New Orleans: C. W. Lee Sc Co., New York: Ware t
Leland,Chicago, members of New Orleans Cotton Exohenge. we solicit
your business and guarantee all business intrusted with u* will have our
prompt and- personal attention. Referenee:—First National Bank
Misstestppt State Bank, Canton, hi
the Kelley Banking Co., Koaaiuu
square, In front of Telephone Etch
and
list., Bank of Durant, Durant, Mis*., and
|o, Mias. Offloe on east side of publio
ange, up stairs.
J
/
Subscribe for
THE LEXINGTON ADVERTISER
$1.00 per annum in advance
m 1
DR8. STANSBURY * ALEXANDER,
Surgloal and Mechanical
DENTISTS.
Room* Sod floor MmoqIo Bnlidlo*.
Every operation pertaining to Denf,t&
onreruUy and .klflfully trestad. Teeth eb
G. C. PHILLIPS
PHYSICIAN and 8URQMOH
Lexington, Mias.
Offio* Id the building south of tfc*
J. M. Snrgtat stort.
Residence 'phone?!.
Office 'phone 81.
R. H. BAKER, Jr.
PHYSICIAN AND BURGEON
Lexington, Miss.
Office over the Bank of Holmes County.
Residence 'Phone 8.
P. D. HOLCOMB!
Dgstiit
Rooms
Up it.In la MoCila Balldlni-Tutt
Extraot.d with little pals.
HOOKER Sc McBEE,
Attorneys it Law
OIBoa. Bank of Holmst Ooantr up-stalra.
Lexington, Miss.
W. f. TACKITI
a. K. SUITS i
TACKETT * SMITH
Attorneys at Law
Owns; Front suit of rooms in the new
Mu Cain building.
Lexington, Miss.
W. L. DYER
Attorney at Law
OSos sosth of tbs 1. M. Sargent
building.
Lexington, Mis*.
■. W. MO ML ▲. M. KFPIK I. ■ 1LXOM.
NOEL, PEPPER Sc ELMORE,
Attorneys at Law
Olio* upstairs la oourt house
Lexington, Miee.
W. W. WYNN,
8UBVEYING AND MAP-MAKING,
Reeves, Miss.
4
4
1
Wo Barrs:
r
BUSINESS
COLLEQR
Opaa Eatirc Yean
wsaasiafeaasf
nwAB
& leeteneUoa to Every modest.
No CUrUtjntan H. Mlsrepresentailoa.
a {Jt!ssisstiir u ^ "* -
Btndsata Aided to PosMtoaa Bnstaeu Mm
RV ljt'd "JJ* oomostent Bookkeeper* sad
■"'"'fete sss!t»m,