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. .. -,r- 1 d'-lTii UK ' ' r ' i i. ' :.' ;- -rYOL. TIl-NO, 341. l!Y S.Of. r. mxs. , r A9 . !.'- ; ft ATHENS, TE NX FRIDAY, APRIL 0, ,18.55; i .. . t . ' ' 3 . ;'. , ' . '- i ' - ' TKKMS! rnr POPT Is pnMirtiMt mtj Friilnrst f Pr Te"r! .r.W.lu-tvaocc,r t, if !" delay4 until h. rnoiratiim f the year. Vrt rVrll'tnoiil will i rhr(rl t per sqtnir. f W lines, or li f,lr a' insertion, and 60 cents lor !.rh continuance. A liberal .("Itirtinn niarte to those l,o aJvertle t.jr UV ear. S-PtM.n, atmlm a.lver. "i,einetit must mark the number of times liny them inssrml. or they will be cunlintwd until forbid and tharitcil a:conllnfly .Mi ' Fur announcing tin uaines of esndldatet for efnce, , Obltflary nntlres over 1! lines, charged t the regular dTertl"if rule. ' All eoniiniinicnilone Intended to promote the prlrate rndi or lntrret of Corportii, Hoclettai, School! or lndivldiml, will be cliarirrd aa iidvcrtireincntl. J b Work. ueh na Pamphleu, Mlmitea, Pircnlara, Carda, lllauka, llanilh'lla, 4c. iriU be xcultd In good ityle. and on reaaonaMa terma. All kttera aldr..-d to the Proprietor, poll pa,"', will be nrnuiuily attended to. HaranaatdlUitire aendlnf n the name! of four iolvent ubrll.er, will be entitled to a fifth copy gratia. No communication Imerted unleM accompanied by the nnme of tlie author. ... ,,. . (V Offti e on Main itreet, next door to the old Jack n Hotel. : ' ' THE TOST. A-rili:, fit IDA Va APUIt. 6, 1855. "j-Thc Hon. S. S. Vlietim, Lite n Unitn! SinVa Rrnntor rrnm Vi'rmont,' dii-d nt IiIh rcHiciencp, nt Middlcbury.i'n that Stntei'oii llio' 24ilt innt. Pay your Postage By a law pawd at the i-low of the Inst Conj,rrHH. it in required tlmt on mid nrtcr the first day of April, next, nil IctlBra rIihII l prt'p.tid that arts directed to offices w:thin the United Statett, This is n new nnd important feature in oiir postal Arrangements, nnd will require strict ob servanee on the psirt of nil persons sending letters by the ninil, ns no provinion is made to nend nn unpaid letter.' Railboap Convehtion. A convention of the representnlives of various southern roads was held nt AuiriiHtit on lliursday of week before last, n't which a new schedule between Washington and Montgomery, to into ef fect In July wan adopted, and a resolution agreed to, liseonliniiinn; the express business over the roads represented. Thk Yankee ! An English writer gives the following highly colored daguerreotype of the New England Yankee.. He is horn-handed and niir-headed, hard persevering, unscrupulous, carnivorous, re id v (or all weathers, with nn Incredible genius for Ivinu.n vnmt v elastic bevonn coinprehen Hion, the hide of a hull' lo, snd the shriek of n HWain-ettcritie: 'n h'at nine-toot nre ist or a fellow, steel twisteif and made ofchorseshoe nails the rest of liliil, being Cast iron, Willi ntcel springs. . ., ,. J-$f A c.irresptindent of the Missouri Re publican slates that the city of Chicago de rives its name from a mall river flowin!.' through It, which was called by the Indians 'She-kaw ko," which means polecat or skunk. The Chicagoiiinns, therel ore, should call the place by its original name: Skunk luicn or Vulecaliana. . -. , . ... New Brunswick (N. S.) has got a liquor law, too. It prohibits oven the Importation ofliqnor and In so far Is a screw tighter than even the Maine Law! " -.' UTTThe ' Legislature of Illinois Central Railroad to lay out towns along tlie lines of I heir road. Heretofore this has been pfohih.' itud, but now there will, no doubt, bo many valuable locations surveyed olT into town lots. i ., ' ' Wahikgto.i, Marcii 26.' A suit has been brought ugauist Governor Price of New Jersey for nn alleged deficit of $75,000 in bis accounts whilst a Purser in the Navy. ' Governor Trice, however, claims an ollsct of $1,01)0,000 which he turned over to his successor and has his receipt therefor. His successor says that the receipt was given without nn equivalent. - . -ifVe learn from the Mercury that Hon. James & Rhelt died in Charleston on the 23d inst., of paralysis. Mr. Rhett lias for ninny years noted a prominent part In the nf fairs of the State. " J3fA prohibitory liquor bill has passed the Maine Senate unanimously, and the House by a vole of 90 to U9. It provides for Imprisonment for the first offence, for the third not less llian three nor more than six months, and for Jhe fourth nnd every subse quent conviction, $1000 line and one year in the State prison. .The bill received the sig , nature of the governor on Saturday last, l-ff The Liquor Ijiw has been passed in both branches of the Wisconsin legisla ture by Inrge majorities. It Is somewhat doubtful, how ever, if the Governor w ill sign it. ''.'' 1 -wDuring n lute concert at the City Hall, in Manchester, several of the ken Is, having .been spoken for, were labebed 'engaged." Upon the audience lenvini', it was ascertained th.it one of the Indies walked home with the Word "engaged," in Inrgs letters, upon her bark; one of the labels having been fastened to her dress, . 1 ;nr"fix-Pre1denl" Walker the filluW ' ter, has been granted 61,000 ncres of land by Nicaragua, where lit! Is about to settle. . , t i ... . ..I . . . -ffAttha fourth of July celebration In Marion county, Illinois, a young lady otfered the following toast; 'The young men of Awericn their iritis ntir support, out arms their reward. Fall in, men, full in.' . . ,, . . ; . . . f , t , , . . A Gravk Jokr. A Western Editor enu. 1 merntei a long list of annoyances and griev nnces,nnd winds up as follows; "1 was vex ed, ton, at n painter, who had been paid In ' advance to p.Vuit mo 'n nigh; but he must 'go . n .sailing in the Bay on Sunday and get - drowned just n like ns not on iy moiicy i' ony how, ie died, and made no sign."- A Toast :tiut was a Toast! At n champagne party 1u Philadelphia, some 'tlino hgn, Russell Jaris gave tn fallowing unique sentlnienL' "HWs ciampagne to Diy-rtal friends;' real' pnin to my 'inornVrtoltrlsj and To Paine to. the DcvlR .' . ' .' ', , . FOREIGN..' " . . . New York, March 27. The U. S. Mail Steamship Atlantic, Cnpt. West; has , arrived . at length from Liver pool, which port she left on the 10th inst. General Intelligence. The death of the Czar has been confirmed. Alexander II. has peaceably ascended the Russian throne, and issued a manifesto stat ing that he will adhere to the policy of his father. His brothers and the high officers of the Empire, have taken the oaths of alle. giance. .' j , Alexander has eonfirmod. his father in. Htmctlons to Prince Gortschnk off, the Diplo. Biatist at Vienna. ' The preliminary Conference nt Vicnnnhtid opened. . The late Czar had, previous to his death, recalled Prince Menschikoff,' and appointed General Gort-chakoffto the chief command in the Crimea, nnd Osten S.icken ns second, Gen.Luders was, also, appointed to the chief command in Bessarabia. ' ' " ' Alexander has appointed Rudiger Minister at War. , .-.'.'.." , The Allies have ordered their generals, to press forw-iird operations. More fighting had occurred in the Cri- men. , i ; The French li'id stormed some redoubts skilHu'lv erected by the Russians during the night, and several hundred were killed. ' The Grand Duke Michael had died of his wounds nt Scbastopnl. ! ! . ' A large force of Russians threatened Bn laklava.' ' ' !' '' 1 : " -' v 1 : The blockade of the Danube had been raised. ' 1 ' ' 1 v Broussn had been destroyed by an earth, quake, with most of its Inhabitants. A disagreement bad occurred, between Louis Napoleon mid England, the former having said that the Allied armies should not net toirtthcr, if Mr. Roebuck's' committee proceeded in their investigations ns to tlie conduct of the war. Lord Clarendon imme diately, on learning this fact, proceeded to Boulogne anl arr inged the difficulty. In the meantime, the committee continues ila labors, but it is thought tnat Parliament, willbe dissolved.; ' , , . ... . ,.i Serious d.fliculties bud occurred at Ticino, Switzerland. ' ' The Bclginn crisis continues. ; ' ' The King of Denmark is sick, . , . , ttF"Were it not for hope the arm would fall powerless on the struggling bniUefield of life, nnd the pure light would fade out from the weary eye. We sit In he shade of the elm and wutch the living ocean ebbing, by at every, throb of the heart n life ..wave rolls ou the other shore. The footman with his puck, and th rich man with his steed, is urged on with the hope of better things .ahead. The ragged child with his basket of berrii s. hopes for manhood and days of brighter sun. light for him. , The old mun crbcpir.g up. tlie hill on staff and crutch looks out with hope for coming death and rest beyond the grave. The sun has King since laded from the sky. Tell him lie never shall know the rest he seeks, and tears will wet the wrinkles on his withered cheeks; for his old frame is worn out, and ho longs to lay aside, nnd leave his stick and crutch nt the door of his grave. " ' '' ; ' t ' , Democbatio Secret Societies. The Democratic party displays its usual consis. tency in denouncing secret political societies. It is violently opposed to Know N'otlungism on the ground of its necresy. Be it remem bered, that the first lucrut political society ever organized in the West, was the "Miami Tribe," in Cincinnati, composed exclusively of Democrats, nnd we are not awnre that th's organization was ever denounced by any reg ular, recognized orgnn of the Democratic par ty. Recently, we hear of another secret po. lilical society, said to have originated with the Geininn Democrats of Columbus, ' Ohio nnd now spreading rapidly among the De mocracy of that State nnd Kentucky, under the euphonious title of ' Sag Niehts;" yet we hear of no Democratic denunciations being hurled against them. It seems, then, that Democracy is opposed only to such secret political societies us wrest the spoils of office from their grasp. We freely confess that if we are to have secret political societies In the. country, we grenlly prefer those compos ed of ni.tive instead of foreign-born citi zens. . - Ir'The New Orleans Delta, in its mone tary article, says that' within the last six weeks upwards of a million inviiiuu ofIaves have been thrown "npoii the' market,' and means to pay for them have been, extracted from the flouting Capital of the place., J-JfThere are hundreds of our fellow oreatures to whom fresh nir and the light of the sun are scarcely known.' According to a number of Chamber's Edinburgh Journnl, about ii quarter of n million of people ' are this day working under ground in the mines or England. , Ot these, 30,000 are doomed to nn untimely death. This is not n mere conjecture, It is an average of the casualitiei of piisl years. , . . . ( 7-God hath given tn mankind ucommon library his works, mid to every mart k pfnp. cr liook hlui'scir. . , '. Gent.-"Mr. Smith, I an expecting a, few friends to see me to night.' Cun you send me a dozen of Chiunpagr.et" ". ' !lr. Grocer Smith.' No sir, Maine Law, rou 'know.' , But I have some splendid Yin &", whieli looks nnd tastes very much like the article Jfu wish,'. " ;. w :. - i -Cent.Wt "end it tip.' " ' '. t . . : ..; .''., r. .r 1 : V. T. Thompson, Esq.J'li'now tliS'sole Editor arid proprietor of thntSiccllcnt Jour, nn!, tlie Savannah Morning Xctri.'-7 ,'; USURY LAW ANDTHE HOLY SCRIP- . . TURKS. Several articles, in which it was asserted that Usury Itws were sanctioned by lhe Scritures w hich are Supreme oer the con sciciice," having appeared in the "Intclligen-' cer," the organ of the Dutch Reformed Church, In tlie citv ef New York, one of the most distinguished preachers of that ehnreh, dissenting from the assertion, hns contributed two articles to the same paper in which he takes the ground, that laws attempting tn fix, under penalties, nn arbitrary rate for the usance of money, nre contrary tn all sound principles of political economy, and so far from being sanctioned by Scripture, nre e puirr.nnt to common sense. : The reverend writer says: . . , " " ' ' Usury, when the Bible w-ns translated, bad no reference tn the laws of the Stale of New; York; but, meant any interest, little or uun-h, one per cent.. seven per cent, or ten percent.; nnd every text in the Bible that condemns tisurv, condemns the taking of tiny, even the least pay for money lent. Usury laws (found as you. tuiy in every country) fixing any rate of interest on a debt, are, therefore, on your own Jogic, contrary to the scriptures, "w hich are supreme over the conscience," and should nt once be repealed, as it is 'ntamous to le galize .wrung. ..... After following out the argument from the Old Testament the'writer next turns to the New:':. v ' i Thus much for the Old Testament author, ities. . Let us. turn to the new, and, as we all believe,, the testimony of the one cannot .be contradictory to the other. We find, the word usury, in .only two texts, nnd' those, in d ffcrent versions of the same parable., In .Mail. xxv. 27, we read, (the lord says to the slothful servant,) "Thou, oiljihtesl to liave put iny, money to the exchangers, and then at niy coining, I shiild have received mine own with usury.", If, ns you say, the Old Testament condemns ii8tiry4' how is It that the New approves of it, and in kes il, in some cases a duly , "The, exc.h infers", and "the bank" (table keepers and tilde) repre sent, as nearly ,1)8 possible, brokers' offices, where nionev is deposited to be. let out for interest a Wull street business and our divine TiBL-hif would not iissert u pi in- ciple in a p.irnblu . which is not true in fact. Therefore, the inference is ch ar that usury in the scriptural sense of the word, is not wrong; but, (in. the contrary, a prudent use of money, as of every I'orin of worldly substance, is required. Do, dear Christian Intelligencer, take back the sentence w hich declares all of us free-lr. ders to be heretics. It is p liitful to differ front you, but to be put by you in the category of those who deny the Divine -authority! is more than we can bear. .. r, ' ,.. ; The writer next argues the absurdity of the present usury laws on the ground of po lilical economv.' In noticing the variation in the rubs of interest legalized ill the several Suites, and the impossibility of giving a mil. form limit, an excess of which shall consti tute the crime which the law proposes to punish, he ndds: . " " But, if the geographical miles make no diflereuce in the morality, much less should times; and if. in easy limes, I cannot compel you to borrow my money nt even six per cent., wliut right nave you, or me law, 10 compel me to lend il to vou at seven, w hen hard timesand the risk make it worth ten? Perhaps my conscientious respect for law will not allow me to violate tlie restiicting enactmi ills.- What is. tlie consi qucu. e? Seven per cent, does not cover the risk, and,, therefore, J do not lend it tu you nt all. So much capital is kept out of market; money, therefore, is worth more; and you, to whom u loan is necessary, must either break, or break the law , by borrowing from gome Shy lock, who cares not for law, at two per cent, n month, or any higher rate he clauses to charge you. , 'Flint would be protecting the borrower with a vengeance! But, ill- the name of justice, what ri'ht has the borrower to protection more than the lender? Wh.it does n man borrow money for but to nmke money with it? Why is he pressed (or mon ey but from the difficulties of trade? and must the lender bear all the risks of the bor. rower's trade for seven per cent, in bad times as w ell as good times' The trader, perhaps, makes rive and twenty per cent, on his flour or his cotton; he has a right to, if he can; but has not the lender un equal ri'ht to make the market rate of interest on the money lie trades with? Is tlie morality of the tiling changed by the money being turned into flour or cotton? Nay, does not my right Yun through his hatids into the Hour or cotton since he buys it with my money? 'The bor rower and lender should' both be protected; and the only way, in a Ireq country, to pro tect Lilt-ill both, is to let each one take care of himself. No man is .wronged ' by being required to pay for n commodity which he wants, what il is worth to every one else; but a man is wronged w hen he is forbidden to lake lor his commodity what il is worth, and money is a commodity us much as flour or coal. ' If a law be necessary to limit the rate ot interest on money, it should go further, mid limit the prices of things which money represents. Buyers nre ti mlire numerous class than borrowers, nnd need protection ns well.. Compel tlie baker to sell cheaper bread, the grocer cheaper tea, thy tailor cheap er clothes. 'These are hard limes, wr cannot afford to pay so much. " Nay,' (for that Is w hat it lads to,) let us have all .things in Common,'' (lint till may be alike, and trade, and money, and the rewards of skill and in dustry be ulan end, . .. - . ' . u - - -. i I T ,-. "A !.'.' The.Neoro ao the Ram, In the Cal lao (Peru) News of February 10, we reud as follows: " "The nppronebing carnival season promises to lie rich, rare, and'rncy in its character.-" By rvlefencelo 'uri)dvertt"ing evIuuHie, It.wiU be seen that n butting inalch is in contempla tion between the steward of. lbs V ild Pigeon and a rain celebrated for bis' strength mid courage. Ills utmost unnecessary to-add that the challenging party is a colored mini. Some idea of the Ktrengih of his skull may be funned from the fact ol his having a duy or two since hulled in the. head of a porter C.-nkt upon which a heavy . humuier would make no impression." r ,- ti ; HT"An important suit under the present Liquor Law wus decided at Tcrre Haule, (Ind.) on Tuesday. It seems that a liquor seller iiadiald'a'mitn brandy, from the effects of which he fell into the canal, causing con gestion, 'from which he died. The jury uwrde4 tl'ie plaiutiff, widow of the deceas ed.) damages to the amount of hundred dotlart. - ' ' ' 'j ' ASSAULT UPON OR OBSTRUCTING RAILWAY TRAINS. , We nre not friendly to over legislation, but are veiy much in favor of severe laws, with regard to obstructing or assaulting railw ay trains. It Is no uncommon thing' for a' fre quent trnveler to noticenhd even to run some rousiderable risk from, stones thrown through car windows. We have known some two or three cases where persons have beeh ' badly wounded by this class of assaults.' The stones may 1ms thrown by persons who do.no really m. an mischief, but ns they do commit and are liable to commit very serious assaults, even to murdering nnoIIAiiufiiig passengers, they should be pViishtd with corresponding se verity', no mutter whether the miauhief foU lows the commission pf the set or not. Boys,' and even grown men sometimes ntnuse them selves by putting obtruciins upon the rail merely lor the fun of seeitg the locomotive crush il to pieces or jump aver it. A practice so dangerous should bd pii down by scvero enactments. .Under certaij circumstances ,a very slight obstruction wij threw the engine from the track, and theu if becomes a matter of luck whether the trai will receive no damage, or whether ten o a hundred persons w ill be killed. . When obstructions are placed upon the rail w'uh the dwitrnol doing damage , to the train, the ponislinilnt should be severe, ' decided and prompt. Iijerfi reliee'w.h ,the' public travel, especially with regard, t its safety should bo most decidedly opposed, and by tlie most energetic mins. It is not long since we henid of a case iere the employees of u road took possession yf the line and re fused passage to the traiim - Under such cir cumstances the offenders ihould have been shot down like so niitny mad dogs.',. They certainly could claim nojenity from the,aw or sympathy from the public A few instances of prompt punishment foi the commission of these grave offences will iion bring forth tlie proper results. 'J lie praftice of .throwing miss. Is ul r.iiiway trains das been considered by the Legislature of Ioauiiiu,aud the follow.' iug act has been passed with reference thereto; AN ACT to provide for the punishment-of persons interfering willi trains on railroads. ' Skc. 1. lie it euacicd by the General As sembly of, the Stale ol Indiana, -That any person who shall shooln gun, pistol or other weapon, or throw ti stone, slick, clubs, or any other subst.'ce ul.uU ver at or against any locomotive or car, or train of cats containing persons, on any railroad in Ibis Slate;' shall be deemed gunly of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall- oe lined ill auy sum not less titan ten, nor more than one hundred dollars, mid imprisoned ill the county jail not less than ten (lays nor more than three mouths. 1 Sec. !!. In cane i.iiv person nn such loco motive, ear, or train of e.,r shall ixi illjurrd or wi.uiided by any such net, the person so uffcniliuil shall, on conviction, be dunned gin. ty of an assault, with intent to commit murder, und be imprisoned in ; the Slate's Prison, not less than one nor more than four years; and If death ensue, such person shall be deemed guilty of murder in the first de gree, and punished accordingly, .,- !' . . ShC 3. Ju cases of prosecution under this act, it shall not he deemed necessary in the information or Indictments to name or set out the names of persons or injured or w ound ed except in cases of prosecution for murder. . liuilicuy 'I' tints. t "Sam" Badly Wasted. The near np pioach of the election in the city of New Or leans has set the machine lor the manufactu ring of voters in operation, itnd aecordiiig 'o the Picayune, from which we clip the follrtw ing paragraph, the machinery seems to'work "as smooth ns oil,"ns n practical machinest would say: ' ' " '' New, Citizens. The courts have been do ing a very btisk business litis week in the manufacture of citizens. ' A goodly, number of foreigners have been "put through" the mill and came out bright Ameiicansiiiid ready to serve tin ir country at the polls next .Mon day. A still larger number w i. bu turned out, we presume, between this and Saturday night, and we have no doubt the "legal" vo ters of New Orleans will tiave received n very considerable augmentation by Monday elec tion day; One advantage which the foreign element of the popular suffrage has over the native, is that the former is capable of in definite expansion w hen the . occasion re quires." " Commenting on the foregoing the Angusta (Georgia) Chronicle well remarks: "We have long desired to see a radical change made in our naturalization laws, to the end that these corrupt practices of political lem. agoguesnnd intriguers may be forever nrresled, and we rejoice in the hope that the prospect for a change is fluttering indeed. It is n re pronch upon our institutions and people that such an abuse of the naturalization laws should be tolerated, and we sincerely rust the day is not far distant when- a ' salutary correction shall be applied. It is indeed hu miliating to any man who has any sense of national priJe, to see the corrupt denm gogues of the country marching up to the .courts crowds of ignorant, forvlguersr to make voters of them, that they uiny . thence march to the polls, to exercise their influence in directing the affairs of the government, with whose institutions they are almost. to tally ignorant. f , v ,, ( Bam Si.hk itom Happinfsr I nflc npnin, what is hnppiiiest-l, Jt aint beiu' idle, that's s fact no iille timii or womnn wss overlap py since the orll began. Kre wns idle, unci that's the way he got tempted, poor crittnr; employment flives both appetite and diges tion. Duty makes pleasure doubly awect by contrast. "When the barnrua is off, if, the work nint too bard, a critter likes to kick up his heels. When pleasure is the business of life, it censes to be pleasure; end when it's all labor and no play, -work, like an unstullVd addle, outs into the very bones. r either lsor nor idleness lias a road that leuda to happiness; one has nn room lor the heart, the other corrupts it. Hard work is the beat of the two. for that it lias, at all events, sonnd sleep; the other has restless pillows and un refresbiu' sUen; oue is a misfortune, tlie other is a curec; and money nint happiness, that's as clear as mud. Man ought nlwr.ya- to have something Hint ho prefers to life, otherwise life itsoif wiilap. -pear tiresome and void. - -. RESPECT TO TUB AGED. H -?i Wri.it 'is more flhttering tonn old person nnd more congenial lo the feelings of second chijdhood,. tb:,n.. kindness, rnnuifestedln a thousand little acts, from the yoongt ilark that Yoiimr mnn'ns h' gentleman who' lays aside individual comfort nnd convenience to enhance that of those w hom ape and inlirip ity has prostrated. ' Place his name - upon your "jonrnai," For, remember, thnnn-h the poor house, now claims him.'it will, not al ways. Though , misery surround bim, and his manly virtues nre hid by the mist of pov erty nnd obscurity, the sun of prosperity will expand bis innate godly principles, nnd they will shine not wilh a borrowed lustre, but with one whose emanations proceed front a "phenrt of"the right material, such ns time will nol corrode. ' We art nil young, but we shall be old. Time will whiten our locks nnd age enfeeble our frame, nnd then we will need the kindness of those whom our" example has educated! " .' .V ''"''."'" ' , ' ' Mark that young lady who moves slowly through the gay crowd supporting that aged grind parent who-nnrsed nnd clothed her in infancy, ns one whose mind is unconlnininn ted w ith some of the foolish notions of sue! ety. She is merely doing as she would be done' by. Her- humble apparel, her plain, and, ns some term it, homely face, cannot con ceal the goodness of her heart; nnd the good and virtuous w ill pay her homage. ,' ; . . ' Go on! care not for the opinion of a vas. dialing world, but be sure nnd steadfast, nnd endure to the end! Be like the onk, upright nnd .never- swerving, that, the plain ivy may not be bliged to fall without a protector. Remember, the virtuous nnd dutiful' daugh ter makes (he happy and contented wifoj and the obedient, attentive und self-relying son, the loving and noble husband. .- -, , - . I, , , . 'India DiFFtcuLTfF.s iw New Mexico Iridynidence, March 92. The Santa Femnil arrived to day, having left that city on the, 1st inst., bring the latest intelligence, and ns passengers, Don Alvarez nnd Mereure.. The mail came safely, notwithstanding the dan gers which surround it. , A hasty glance at the intelligence leads us to the - conclusion that everything tends to war nnd confusion, - ' . - "v '. An article, In (he Santa Fe Gazette of the 24th ult, describes at length , nil expedition into the Meseolem country, nnd the death nf Captain Stanton, nf the United States Army, nnd tvo,meni,'"Thiy were "killed in an cri-'1 gageuient with the Indians. Santa Anna', the head chief and fifteen or twenty ol the tribe were -also killed. Another article, In the sainn p iper, and saint! private correspond ence, .speaks freely of an increase of mail facilities. The inhabitants of the country are' few,- surrounded by hostile Indians, nnd need protection, and tlie present mail ar rangements do not enable them to make their wants known, or to derive assurance of relief. - The Indians nre committing dcpred.i. tion and shocking outrages in every quarter, nnd no one doubts the necessity of giving" them n thorough chastisement. An article in the Gazette of the 17th ult., mentions the appointment by Gov. Merri wetlier, of Ceran St Vraui, to the command of a battalion of volunteers, raised for the protection of the inhabitants, and commends the wisdom of the selection. There Is now the utmost danger to' any train travelling over the Plains w'itiiout an escort of soldiers. . Hostilities seem to be spreading from tribe In tribe on the whole route, threatening to break out ' in deeds of violence' nnd outrage everywhere'," Something should be done, , l-ITFronj careful experiments, made by William Fuirbairn,' of Manchester, England, it was ascertained that the strength of. iron increased w ith each successive melting,, up to the twelfth or thirteeiilh trial, nl'tet whir It it diminished in strength. One ton of lint blast iron was experimented upon, and, the quantities of coal nnd flux noted at each trial. Caro was taken that the cooling and mode of pouring should be in each case alike, so aa not to affect the result. The iron wa run into bars of one inch square, and lengths of seven feet were supported at each end, nnd weights applied until .the bar broke. The breaking weight "t the commencement was 403 lbs.; at the J2th melting, 725 ibs.; at the 13thr G71 lbs.; nt the I5th, 301. lbs.;'nVthe IGlh, 3C3 lbs.; nnd at the 17th melting, 330 pounds. In the fracture made after the 15th melting there was n bright rim, like silver, surrounding the interior, which wns of the usual crystalline structure. This silvery fracture extended in the 16th nnd 17lh spec), mens,' until it pervaded the mass, which then resembled cast steel ' ' ! ' - - iHCThe New York Sun tells the follow, ing story : , , We saw, ihVother day, Mr. J. M.'Snnford, of West Medford, Massochusetts, who lost both legs by an accident several years ago, walking about the streets just like any other man. Ho limped a little, "'It' is true, hut no one would suspect, on looking nt him, that In possessed -a pair of mechanical legs in stead nf those furnished by nature.,. The man who made them must bu a genius, and no mistake. " ' " , ... r . . : . . ' JThe. children of Charles Bonaparte, Prince of Cnnino, who were bereaved (if their estimable mother, (lie daughter and Inst sur viving child of Josejjh Bonaparte,"! In' Rome some short time since, have beeh ordered to Paris by the Emperor. A Marsha) of Franca hns been appointed their giinidiail nhd tutor, ns the father is not permitted to have the sola charge of them. The Bonnpnrtes have, there, fore, all breri removed from" Ital.tt."' It Is. whispered, however, that the ,Murat'Lr,'incli cherish hopes 'of being ultimately restored to Naples. ' ' """ - ''-" ' A niece of "and was recently sold in Lon. don, it is said the rate Of two millions of dollars per acre. '' - ' ' rifiiiTRUNyiso, urox eailp.oaus. -- We have souietimea hesrJ it remarked by timid persons, thst they would not travel by niclit ort the Fallrond 1heir impression be i nir thst there Is -more dnnprer of accidents in the dnrk than during davlitHit. Upon first Ltbonu'ht,,.this wynld etn to lie the fact; but s w riter in tlie itauronu Anvncaie, inKes s liflerent vie of the matter, and makes a good cn. J,Uay there are many oirt-uiiistances 'which . muke nigltt-runniiijj comparatively safe.' All work upon' lbs track is stopped. Compsraflvely. few other trains nre on the rpd, .-Ko drsw-bridgo would ever be likely . to remain open in I be night. Switches are more lifcely to be right than nt other timer, as they are not in wee for other trains, and are locked. The signals for uight trains he imr. made liy lioht, w ould scarcely fail to bo observed and obeyed; and what is important, would be seen at "a greater dist ance than any other signal in daylight. Thft Engineer has less to attract his attention than in th day time. While, nftcv all, a rck or tree fulling Across a tend in the truck in brond dnyliglit, or an intended obstruction, is nearly ss ninch a "hidden danger," ns encountered in the night. 1 There nre many pleecs in nearly all reads where , the range pf view is less than the reflection of the "head light,'' nt night. So, after all, it weuld appear that. 6ne can takes night's rest in a railroad ear with com parative eafsly, . - , - Tioiit Timrs in tiis Paovistov MAnaaTs. We clip the following from the Savannah Morning News: ' 'With the exception of- Catfish, Gottber Teas and Turnip Ureens,., there was nothing to speak of in the market What little there was abundantly mnd5 tip In prices for -the- de ficieney in quantity and ,-qunlity. Here and there were to be seen a, lew. pieces of miserable Beef nt IS eents per pound and no grumbling about the bones. If you didn't like it, you could let it alone. Fowls were hard to obtain at $1 a pair. , We saw two . game chickens tied by the legs with their necks trimmed 'and their bends peeked till thev were entirely ont oflshnpe, offered for a dollar, , The .owner, had "tit' 'em until tbej couldn't come to time, end now he offered them aS 'provisions" at that price, but be wouldn't abate a dim'ei '-. . i'ork. ordinarily good, was sslling at 12J cents per pound. V.fiq 26. cents. Mind, of Which there were rery few in mnrket,' went off readily at ISO to 7ft cents a niece. Irbh potstoes "at the rale of Jfl per bid. o.r about one cent a piece smnll 'talers at ibnt! But cat fish were on hand by- the cart load cat fish from tlie size of a tadpole to roimitliing less than a porpoise sold at prices according te tie generally cbenp, and were taken off by (be colored population with avidity. We thought.,, what s blessing are cat fish to those that take to them. I'ntlUh are still between us end starvat ion! - ' - " " ' '' Penitentia kt Buknt. The ' S'llsluille Banner of the 28th savs: Between' three nnd four o'clock, A. M., yesterday,' the Peniten tiary' near" this city, was found to be on fire. Whyii discovered the flames had made some eroir'ress, nnd it was impossible to suppress them,' so rapid was J heir progress. All of (lie workshops in the yard, and the fell wing of the main building were burned, to. frelher' with the stock of mnterials, tools, and manufactured art-dies on hand. So soon as the fire Was discovered, the doors of the eells were opened, and the convicts turned ilitti the yard; ono of them, however, after going out nf his own, went info another cell nnd was smothered to deitth. He was from Memphis, and named Cornier. The centre and right wing of the building were not hurt; in the lef t w ing, which was burnt, were the dining room and a number of cells. The fire originated in Jho northern . end of the eastern 1, but how it originated is a mutter of, conjecture altogether; no one, . when we culled there yesterday,- pretended tu be uble to account fur it. , Tie isolated position of the Institution, and the scarcity of water, made -it. a nupcihumun .work to stop the flumes after they had got a fair . start; the firemen were willinr enough and made all the ellorts of which tin y were capable, in vain, to he of service. Thu loss Is estimated at 30,000 or $106,000 " 1 -,.- n. . .1 . u - -.- Oil! COMK JJAt'K tiO)A'. ,,. r , A SOMO BT A. p. MK11K. , Obi oome back toon, oh, coins back soon, .. My beiti't is Had without Ihee, There imio light iu sun or 1110011, . . , . , So sweet a that about thee. ' The sky looks cold, the breezes sigh, Knelt scene is dork and lonely; ' Earth holds for me no peace or joy, 15ilt iu thy prescucc only 1 ', - Ohl come back soon, oh, come back soon, Though other, heart may greet thre, , With smile and song and pleasure s tune, Koiie half so fond will meet thee, Though kind and fervent they may prove, When festal eups are flawing, , ' They ne'er can fee! thu const ant love, V 'Hint in my breast is glowing. :-.. , : 1 .1 . if - . . ' Oh! come back soon, oh, com back soon, Bnck to those sylvan bowvrs, When thou art fnr there is nc boon , Cuii cheer the louoly bent ,. Return and I hey wil l glide nwoy, , , Like dreams of swcelett pleasure, ' And thou shall prove the strength of love, , Ao earthly bounds can measure. ,,r iMronTAsT Discovf.kt--A paper slnti1 that r. Griselcr, n French gentleman, hns discovered that by lidding A few drops of nl trie ether to the most rancid oils, ull the dis. ngreenble smell is removed, and tlmt by nl' terwnrda .warbling the oil, to-acparato the spirit from it, it becomes as clear and as limpid ns ihouiih t had never been otherwise than sweet. Hu )' that fl few drops ol ether in a bottle of rvt will prevent it from ever becoming rancid.- t ; 4 , :., , ICT Kir William Molcswoi th, 'whin in Edingburg InlelV, Insttueted the MMtil by his pronunciation of Mebsstopol. He laid the accent n the penultimate, syllable, calling it Sevastopol. The Russian letter '0," the se cond letter'' lit fhe" alphabet, Is prrinoiinc. eii my, The correct- pronunciation is Sevnys. topol. .t . : .(.-, Fatal 'ila avado! A man named Sled mnh, A cabinet-linker; nt 'Anrorn, Port igu county, Ohio, one day last' week, remarked to s hommojiathtc physician there: "I could take any quantity' of your pills without In. jiirj1." Tho'doctnr fepllrdr "If yon rtef'o Vn take such a quantity of this," pointing to a special medicine, "it would kill yon -"I'lio fotillsh-ntnn swsllow'ed-flic tned!i'WB-I,rore' he lNurt,le"reTe'ltl,nll dll the- same "EXTRAORDINARY FLYIXG MACUIXF.. We find the follow ing curious and .nlerest ing ststenieut in the Parts Pnlrie f Th Aeademr of Sciences is a pood deal interested by the invention of a Flying Ma- . chine, bv Don llieiio de Sslunianca. With this tuacbiiie Don Diego's dntiliter, Rossnrn, ' rose in the air some time npi nt Madrid, to ' the great astonishment of the Spaniards, who are but lit t1 e aceuston ed to tins i-ort of mir acle. l)on Diego de Salsiuanca and bis daurh- , ter js aliout to arrive at l'aria to show the . elfccts of his marvellous invention Hie ma chine is very simple: it consists in a cane two leet long, and on font w ide, adapted to a band of leather round the wnUt buckled be hind.' The two iron rods fastened to the ease support a small piece of wood on w hich the -feet repose. Th case contains n simple snd ingenious mechanism, similar to that employ ed to set au automaton hi motion. The me chanism is -worked by means of a handle. It sets in Work two large w inpa ten feet long, -road of. very thin daotitchouc, covered with feathers! and the wings mav l.r lKit to produce vertical; 'perpendicular, or bori- " toulul flying. . The jiiiinber ut turns given to the handle determine the height to which it is desired to go. The handle has to lie turn ed every quarter of a league to regulate the distance; the operation of turning lasts a minute. ' Horizontal flying is the mostdifll- 1 eult. The wings best the sir like the 0111 of a boat, or rather ns the feet of a sw an when it swims. By. means of this curious machine a man can go nlmost. as rapidlv as a , carrier pigeon from the Hotel dc Villcto the. Arc de I'riompe de Ktolle, in eight minutes', nnd in hnlf an hour to Versailles. The ex- fieriments, which will be ninde in Paris, will ie on ft small scale, and the flights of Don ' Metro w ill not extend beyond the depart me'nt of the Seine; but at a Inter period he propo ses to go to IjyOna, Bordeaux, Tolilouse, Her seilles uud Tours, and to. take the lines of railway. , lie pretends that he can travel quicker than by rail. The price of each mn cbine will not exceed J2nnf for men, end loiaif. for women. If the experiment suc ceeds, Don Diego will take out a patent, and make the sale of the mnehities s lirnncb nf commerce. Althongh greatly astonished nt. this new Invention, several members of the Academy have pointed out the inconvenience of bringing it into general are. 1 In point of fact, there will be no security for nny one, if by the aid of such machine all our usages and customs lie overthrown, and if malefactors can fly 011 the roofs of houses, afterwards get into apartments and eon inii all torts of de redations. It w ill be very cui ious to see po licemen in France or England pursuing I hieves in the nir, in order to lock them up on earth. Itnope'sis that 1 858 promises us all sorts of marvels. .- Tun Basin ok tiik Ati.avtio Ockax The basin of the Atlnntic Ocean is lonu- trongli, .separating the Old World from the New, and extending probably from pole to pole. . 'J his ocean furrow was probably scored into the solid ernst of our planet by thu Almighty ' bund, Ihut Ihcre I lie waters which he called sens might be gathered together so as to let the dry laud nppear. and lit the earth. for the bnbitnllon of man. from the top of Cbiin borao to the. bottom of the Atlantic, at the deepest place yet reached l.y 1 lie plummet 1u the Northern Atlantic, the distance in n ver ticol line is nine miles. . On. Id U wnters of the Atlantic be draw n tiff so ss tn expose to view this great sea gar i, wMo'i sep-iralos continents,' and extends Iron :;,c Aretie to the Antarctic it would p ids "i: 11 sen, the most rugged, grand and itnimsmg, , . The very ribs of I lie solid cuilh, It'll the foundations of the sea, wrTuld be brought to light, nnil we should have presented to us, nb one view, in the empty cradle of the ocean, s "thousand fearful wi'ocks," with Ihntadrend. ful array of dead men's skulls, great anchors, henna of pearl and iiicidimuhlc stones, whieli, in the Niel'a eye, lie scattered In the bottom of the sea, making it hidiotis with sight of ugly death. .The deepest part of tbn North Atlantic is probable somewhere between the Bermuda nnd the Orand Banks. The waters of the (j nl f of .Mexico are held in a hnsin about n mile deep in the deepest part. There is ut the bottom of the sea, bet w een Cnpe Race in Newfoundland and Cnpe ( 'lenr t it Ireland, a remarkable eteppef which is sl ready known ss telcgrnpbie plntcuii. A coin, pnny' is now engaged w ilh the project of a Submarine telegraph across the' Aliunde. It is proposed to carry the wires across this pis lean flu m thsnsleni shores of Newfound land to the western shores of Ireland. Hie trreat circle distance between these two shore lines is l.ttno miles, nnd the sea alomt this route is probably nowhere more than ) 11,000 feet deep. . . . 1 - ' - 1 Bask Riumkry. The Wilkes, Gn., Re publican, of the 23d inst. says: . . "The Branch of the Bank of the Stale of Georgia in this place, was entered through the front door, opening on the Public Square, betw een seven and el;;ht o'clock Wednesday ni'irning last, nnd robbed of lifteeti thousand two hundred and twenty-five dollars in bills, all of w hich are payable in this place, Thu Teller had just been in the room and removed the till from the vault lo its usual place in tlie counter preparatory to the day's business, and retired to breaklast,loekingthe side door lead ing into the passage, niter him, mid sup posing the front door secure, as it had been locked the evening previous. A negro boy, whose business is to sweep out the banking room every morning while the Teller Is pres ent, has been arrcslo , and confesses, that by agreement wilb 11 v bile man, the night bu. fore, ia secretly turned flic key in the front door while sweeping. Thu robber, nil this while, was accreted nt the corner of the build ing, and but a few steps from tint door. Aa soon ns the bell rang for, breakfast be emerged from his billing place, entered the building, secured his booty, nnd 1 fo etid his rscapo unseen, The robbery w.-m discovered a little overall hour niter it oci-urnsl, vctnll attempts to truck the villain failed. H'c doubt if the annals of crane furnish a inoro daring ad venture.' : f f..- v ; "., f-". A Scotch journnl, the John O'Gront Journal, lifts gu hold of n curious pieco of Court gossip, which ho says ho bus not re ceived ns second hand, but direct from tlio highest quarters. It is ns follows: Her Majesty is milch ofl'ended nt the Times. She luis reason to lielieve its stnieim nts regarding; her troops in the CrinicA nre exaggerated, and, ev'eii If nol, Ihe'toiie ln which Ihu description is given, partuking in nboiit equal parts nf ft Mbiniis tike f icetioMsriess hud A ranting dcm. ngogu'ehim, Is offensive" to her.,, "An trstc, Prilic Albert says' tint the n libit' iicwspfipcr press has forgotten its due'lionnds, nrid tlillfn into a liceHliousiies of diseuasiiin of which disaster can be ihe only result, . Ho convinced hi his Royal Jiighnesa of this, that be is rep. resented to have said lo sonic of those having the honor of his fiiefidiliiu, that ho believes thu Monarchy will.comu to an end with 'thu reign, of hi wjl'e. . We aro rajiidly drifting, he thinks, to republic uiim. ' A'-e without cheerfulness is n I.siHand witliottt sun. ' i'v'..". ,'it 1 a 11 1. f. ii 1 H I' X ! 1 1 1 1 1 !:!!! j; 11 Utj