Semi-weekly North-Carolina standard. [volume], January 31, 1852, Image 2

About Semi-weekly North-Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1852-1853

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The cof-
COFFEE,
and Uses.
fee plant in a native of Yemen, ,n Abo
of its introduction into Europe ,s unknown g is
r mentioned in a work pubhshed 1573 by aGer
!"an ?te,Tlo"S ty meet to rip
brrbVotniquTand chattogetJ like English
men taSeir ale houses. Coffee houses are com
mon Germany, and were, at one time, more
common in EngUl than at the present moment
The first coffee house opened in London w as by a
merchant of Turkey, named Edwards ; tins was
in 1 C52. Coffee was iu public use before that tune
in France. . , , . .... :f
When coffee was first mtrouuceu nuo
met with the most furious opposition from old and
i on.l wmiien fair, in
young, grave au ro, pflrliament
1674 the women oi n,ngiuuu c.....-
. i i 4.:
it,.-:, tK i,sa nf coffee, in wuicii ueu
tfon it was stated "that men, by its use, become
ke the desert of Arabia, and that .f its . use , wn.
persisted in, the offspring of mighty Anglo Saxon
Jmcestors would dwindle into a succession of apes
and pigmies; and on a domestic message, a hus
band would stop on the way to drink a couple of
cups of coffee." Here we see the fair sex were
jealous for the honor of good old Knghsh ale ; and
the question is, were they not right. Coffee, how
ever, had and still has its advocates ; it has-been
stated by them, that wherever it has been intro
duced, drunkedness has become less frequent,
and the people more sober. We have no statis
tics to prove or disapprove this statement, but it
mav justly be assumed to be true.
in the reign of Charles II. Coffee Houses were
shut up in London by proclamation, in which it
stated, "the retailing or couue uu'
was
auiw.u p I
tinn unrpnd lies, scandalized great men, and might
he considered a common nuisance." This arbitrary i
act occasioned violent discontent, and permission
was given to open the Coffee Houses again, but
the landlords were forbid to keep seditious papers
on their premises. The Cottee Houses had become
political club houses.
Four different kinds of coffee are used Mocha,
which is the best, comes down the Persian Gulf,
from Arabia ; its berries are of a middling size,
clean and plump, and of a greenish light olive hue ;
it sells dearer than any other. The next best is
Java, which is grown in the Island of that name,
and it is cultivated by the Dutch. The other two
kinds are Brazilian and West India coffee, which
are very similar. A field of coffee in full bloom is
a sight worth going to Jamaica to see.
The quality and effects of coffee differ according
to the manner in which it is roasted. It must be
roasted with great care, and not over-done. The
Turks roast it in an iron spoon, and roast it just
before thev are croinsr to use it. This is the best
SUCCESS IN MERCANTILE LIFE.
The Mirror, a cleverly-conducted 44 folio of four,
published at Bath, in the State of Maine, furnishes
the following illustration of that perseverance and
industry which is generally pretty sure to command
success .
There is nothing more true than that success in
life is sure to follow any well-directed efforts, whicbr
do not clash with the immutable laws of nature.
" Luck " is a word that has no place in the voca
bulary of the successful man, and is used only by
those who arc so blind or ignorant as to be unable
to trace effects back to causes. We do not propose
an argument from this text to-day, but merely
wish to present the idea to our readers for them to
discuss. There are feelings of despondency preva
lent among mankind, which the consideration of
the subject will dissipate, and many who believe
themselves doomed to poverty and toil, by giving
earnest heed to the faith which this truth will cre
ate, will find themselves rising at once from the mis
ery they so much fear. Fear of bad luck operates
as a continual check on many, crushes enterpris
es and prostrates energies. It is the M conscience "
that
. "doth make cowards of us all,"
and only by taking a rational ainl common-sense
view of the opening causes that change our posi
tion and affect our "well-being, are we enabled to
profit by them, and shake off the chains that our
weakness, and irresolution have permitted us to be
come enslaved with.
The luck doctrine places an estimate on exer
tion, and consigns success to the care of the
44 Divinity that shapes our ends,"
and makes a machine of man's immortal nature.
We have seen many a poor devil resigned to the
hopelessness of his 'poverty, sit for hours with his
pipe, cursing the tardy divinity that should enrich
him, and wasting the moments which alone could do
it. " As ye sow, so shall ye reap," is as true to-day
as ever it was, and he who would succeed in be
coming wealthy, learned or moral, must labor, stu
dy, watch.
" We are every day reminded by forcible illustra
tions of the power of exertion. In this city (Bath)
there are many examples of proof. We have be
fore us one remarkable case, where, unaided save
by their own hands and the friends their own en
ergies naturally drew around them as their busi
ness increased, two poor men in a very few years
amassed oue of the largest fortunes in the city.
Their ships are in every sea, and at home their
houses and stores line svery street, and the busy
hum of scores of mechanics speak their increasing
wealth. Unable to obtain a liberal education, and
with talents no more than ordinary, they bad noth
ing to boast but the determination to succeed. It
i was not luck but common sense which told them
I tVi-it a lnll.ir rmt. at. interest would brt worth more
i -
MASONRY. . . -
The Grand Lodge of Virginia began its opera
tions October 30, A. D. 1778.
The Grand Lodge of Kentucky, was established
on the 18th of October, A. D. 1800.
The Grand Lodge of North Carolina was first
constituted by virtue of a charter from the Grand
Lodge of Scotland, A. D. 1771. , It convened oc
casionally atNewbern and Edenton, at which latter
nloon thn wrda were desnosited nrevious to the
revolutionary war. During the contest the records
were destroyed by the British army, and the meet
ings of the Grand Lodge suspended. '-. !
"The members of the craft convened at Hillsbo
rough in this state, A. D. 1787, and compiled
certain regulations for the government of the Grand
Lodge and again set to work. In the fame year
they appointed a committee to form a constitution
for their future government, which was accordingly
done, and in the year following, the said constitu
tion was formally adopted, and ratified at the city
of Raleigh.
The Grand Lodge of the State of South Carolina
was instituted and established at Charleston on
the 24th day of March, A. D. 1787.
The Grand Lodse of Ohio was instituted by a
convention of Delegates from all the Lodges with
in the state, at Chilicothe, on the first Monday of
January, A. D. 1808, and elected their grand offi
cers on the 7 th of the said month. The first com
munication of the Grand Lodge was holden at Chi
licothe on Monday the 2d day of January, A. D.
1809.
The -Grand Lodge of Georgia is holden " by vir
tu and in pursuance of, the right of succession, le
gally derived from the most noble and worshipful
Thomas Thyne, lord viscount Weymouth, Grand
Master of England, A. D. 1730, by'his warrant, di
rected to the right worshipful Roger Lacey ; and
by the renewal of the said power by Sholto Charles
Douglas, Lord Aberdour, Grand Master of Scotland,
for the years 1755 and 1756 ; and Grand Master
of England for the years 1757 and 1758, as will ap
pear in his warrant, directed to the right worship
ful Grey Elliott."
On the 16th day of December, A. D. 1786, a
convention of the several lodges holden in the state,
assembled at Savannah, when the permanent ap
pointments which had been heretofore made by the
Grand Master of England, were solemnly relin
quished, by the right worshipful Samuel Elbert,
Grand Master, and the other officers of the Grand
Lodge ; and certain regulations adopted, by which
the grand officers are now elected annually by the
Grand Lodge. Masonic Mirror.
THE STANDARD.
RALEIGH, N. C
SATURDAY, JANUARY 31. 1852.
p,an a coueo . . at the enJ of the ear than it wouid be if expend
i 11, i -i t (i . i ed ior rum and cigars, military parades or dancing,
rosr brings out the essential oil to the surface, this . . , . ' , J 1 , t. . .
j u :.. .i;,., ,.e th It was not luck but natural accumulation of the
to the atmosphere. To roast coffee aright it should
x i -l e l . ii. ji
bean; it therefore soon evaporates when exposed j""",,, " - " J", , i
' " x A1 1 A. A.X 1
be done by an invention patented a few years ago lu D lc" uu.f " KUV
per drum sil- , 1 V """-"
It was as
in England, it consists in usinff a copper drum sil- , Du,ur u,e l""5 l" Sro" " lorgraiu u, wku
, :: j ,:.. v,:i, ,Xai K Uom on.l root, i nere was no ciiunce aooui u n musi oe so.
the drum made to revolve above the fire, until the Industry and economy were their only aids to obtain
beans are done. It is best not to over-roast them, the first few thousands, the hist few were obtained by
The peculiar principle of coffee is the caffein, the hrst. 1 here is nothing marvelous in all this,
which was discovered bv Robiquet in 1821; it is no? "Y thing which any person of common sense
a very active principle, and affects the urinary or- mi?nt n.ot avai1 hnlf ft It is plain matter-of-Eans.
Water saturated with .coffee was first used i m buainew, and no god of fortune can rub it out ;
by Grindal, in the Russian Hospital of Dorpat, in jand " W f lU fortune can overstep proper
the treatment of intermittent fevers: it was also ""ds erected to secure you in possession of what
given as a powder, raw. In eighty cases, not one
resisted its effects. Homcephatic practioncrs also
use it with success.
As an article of diet, and as a beverage, coffee
has become quite a favorite, if we may judge from
the quantilyjconsumed. No less than 144,986,895
pounds were imported into the United States in
1850; the value of this was $ll,21o,099. No
country in the world consumes so much coffee, in
proportion to its inhabitants, as ours. Thus, last
year, the average amount of coffee consumed by
each man, woman, and child, was over seven pounds.
you have thus got your hand upon,
We might give innumerable instances, but leave
that labor to the reader, contenting ourself with
having called his attention to the subject.
Hunts Magazine. '
The Dainties of California. A late num
ber of the San Francisco Herald says :
I ' Our Atlantic brethren, generally ignorant of
! the state of things on this side of the continent,
! would seem from the invoices of ships sent to this
j port, to believe that we cannot even supply ourta-
The consumption of coffee has greatly increased in mes. wltlJout their stance, and so they continue
England, and it does not appear that the fears of'to luuntlate us with preserved meats, &c. The
the old English matrons, about their sons becoming ' evidences to uie contrary ;
monkeys by its use, are yet realized. j but 5t needsj a waIk through the markets to under-
Coflfee is now very generally used bv all Euro- the wealth of native edibles which
peans, as Well as the old Turks, and in almost all i California possesses of fish, flesh, fowl and vege
American families, for a breakfast beverage. Its . tables- The variety, great size and singular deli
effects upon the human system may be peculiar, i cacy of the latter have already dieted much praise,
but general use has not yet developed anything and lt is sai J tbcy cannot be surpassed in any part
extraordinary produced by it, except it may be the ot the world- At this season the gun of the fowler
healthy appearance and rugged strength of some ! l,,as immense havc among the clouds of geese,
Trench miners, who use it in large quantities; this an4 vast flocks. of ducks and other wild fowl, which
fact was brought before the Academy of Sciences ! whlteu the plains and sail onthe surface of the Bay
in Paris last year. In some armies and navies, cof- i antl its tributaries. The bear, elk, deer and ante
Tee has been wisely substituted for gro- ; it would j ,ope contribute their fat haunches, and the native
be well if this were the case in every single instance. ! caltle and sheep, fattened on the wild oats and
In cold weather coffee is an agreeable audsafe stim- i tenJftr young grapes, pay their tribute likewise to
ulant. It vp? noticed that those French soldiers ! the Palate oi the epicure in spicy joints and tender
who had sayjiriQpo coffee and sugar during the j steaks- Many varieties of the finny tribe, since
terrible retreatSMoscow, stoodthc cold much , tlie occupation of the country by Americans, have
better than tfitrwho had none. Coffee affects beeu discovered and .brought into favorable notice,
the nerves of some people in a most singular man- Some are sui 'generis and unknown on the other
ner, by making them tremble and feverish. No side .' others have a strong family resemblance to
person so affected should use it As a general sPecies inhabiting the Atlantic waters, and are
thing, for almost every person, we believe'it is a nam(Hl accordingly ; and last are a number of spe-
healthy and pleaaant beverage. In England all cies identical with relations well known in the At-
; lantic estates.
The Claret County of Medoc. About a
couplo of leagues north of Bordeaux, commences
the claret county par excellence the district of
Medoc. Its reputation is of comparatively recent
growth. The early wines of Guieune, which were
freely imported into England, were the strong-bodied
and rough-tasted products of the loamy banks
of the Garonne. Until within a comparatively
late period the lands, upon which the grape of
Chateau Margaux, Chateau Lafitte, and Chateau
La tour how ripen, were deserts as arid and barren
as the neighboring Landes. A work published at
Bordeaux in 1593, and which is now unfortunate
ly lost, professed to give " An historical description
of the savage and solitary country of -Medoc."
Time rolled on, however ; the demands of an in
creasing commerce planted with the precious shrub
the wood and furze-grown tract, which separates
the black loam of the Garonne from the hot sand
of the Landes, and the marvellous properties of
that gravelly region were soon tasted in the flavor
of the wines which it produced. Vineyards mul
tiplied rapiJ.ly ; villages and hamlets rose thick
over the green expanse ; the rapidly enriched pro
prietors of the most favored tracts of land stud
ded the country with their white, trim chateaux ;
and an active traffic in the soil soon parceled out
the greater portion of it into thousands of small
interlacing and dove-tailed estates. Numerous
branches of subsidiary industry followed the march
of the vineyards. Coopers poured into Medoc,
establishing manufactories in every hamlet r-while
the cutting, shaping, and set -ing of the staves de
voted to supporting the clusters of the precious
fruit, furnished a clistunt branch of industry, and
Medoc gradually became what it is one of the
most famous, industrious, and" populous districts in
France.
the coffee is adulterated with yellow dock root,
ground up along with the beans ; the law allows
of this adulteration, and yet, for all this, the coffee
there sells for about double the price it docs in the
United States.
Every family should buy their own beans and
roast and grind them, for much of our ground cof
fee is also adulterated with roasted corn and peas.
These adulterations are not the least unhealthy,
but there is no earthly use of anybody paying for
corn instead of coffee, and if anybody wishes to
adulterate their own coffee, why they can do it to
suit themselves.
When we reflect upon the great quantity of cof
fee now consumed by us every year, how that the
consumption has increased from a little over four
million of pounds, in 1790, to over one hundred
and fifty-four millions of pounds, in 1850, we
cannot shut our eyes to the seeming necessity
of growing coffee for ourfel ves.
Our Southern States can surely raise good cof
fee; they beat the world for cotton and rice, both
of which were introduced from foreign countries,
and coffee we think can be as successfully culti
vated as these have been.
Scientific American.
Pr6f. Julius Cajsar Hannibal, of the N O Tic-
1 Clams in de shell.
2 Clam soup widout cracker.
3 Clams fried, wid gravy.
4 Clara chowder. "
5 Clam soup, wid cracker.
6 Pickled clams.
1 Roast clams.
8 Stewed clams.
9 Clam pot pie.
10 Clam frigazee.
11 Clams soolluped.
12 Clams.
More clams if wanted.
A steward wrote to a bookseller in Lond t
some books to fit up his master's librarv Z ir
following terms : In the firet place I w-
of theology, the same quantity of metaphysics
near a yard of old civil law in folio. ' and
The Croup How to Prevent it. A corres
pondent of the New York Mirror, a medical prac
titioner, in an article on this subiect, says :
" The premonitory symptoms of croup is a shrill,
sonorous cough. The" patient is not sick has no
fever, as often in a common cold is lively, per
haps even gayer than usual. This solitary symp
tom may last for a few days, with no material in
crease or abatement, and without attracting any
notice ; suddenly, however, the disease hitherto
latent, burets forth in all its fatal fury, and too of
ten continues its ravages, unchecked, to the dreadful
consummation. The remedies for this symptom
of croup are simple, and in most cases perfectly
efficient, lhey are : a mustard poultice, or a strip
of flannel dipped in oil of turpentine, or spirits of
hartshorn, applied to the throat, and nauseating
doses of Hives' syrup to be continued as long as
the cough remains. By this timely employment
of mild agents, I unhesitatingly assert that a mul
titude of lives might be saved every week, that are
now lost tnrouirh neorlitrence and df lav "
C7 O O J -
The Honesty- of Printers. At the Franklin
banquet at New York, on the 16th instant, Mr.
Bigelow, of the New York Evening Post, said that
he had the honor of being, for three years, inspec
tor of State prisons in New York, and among all
tne prisoners confined there every ordorof mechan
ics was represented, except Printers. There was
something in this fact which merited their consid
eration. Mr. Bisrelow concllldfld bv nronosinor t.lift
memory and honor of that calling which is unren-
resented in the State prison.
Stick to your trade, boys, and learn how to work,
if you wish to be truly independent. There is no
more pitiable sight than a half-learned mechanic
applying for work. He is always at the foot of
the hill, and labor as he may, unless he has become
perfect in his trade before he attains the years of
his majority, he never will be perfect, and can cal
culate on poverty as his portion with a good deal
of safety.
A Chapter of Mistakes. 1. Persons who
write long articles for family newspapers make a
great mistake, when thev expect them to be gene
rally read.
2. Writers who select subjects of controversey
are greatly mistaken if they suppose that a protrac
ted discussion will interest a majority of readers.
3. Writers who extend obituary notices much
J over a half a column, are greatly mistaken if they
imagine that they secure tue attention ot one nait
the general readers.
4. Those who write only a few lines to indicate
respect for the deceased, are greatly mistaken, if
they suppose their brief notices will be overlooked.
5. Writers of careless habits are greatly mistaken
if they suppose an Editor has nothing to do, but to
correct their miserable punctuation, and orthogra
phy and remodel one half their clumsy sentences.
6. Writers of indolent habits are greatly mista
ken if they think that printers can decypher scratch
es as readily as they can well formed letters.
Black Noses. A resolution has been intro-
J duced to the Kentucky Legislature, which provides
" that the keeper ot the penitentiary shall procure
a suitable chemical dye, such as will stain the cut
icle or outer surface of the skin perfectly black, so
that it cannot be washed off, or in any way be re
movedj until time shall wear it away, and nature
furnish a new cuticle or surface ; and that with this
dye he shall have the nose of each male convict
painted thoroughly black and renew the applica
tion as often as may be necessary to keep it so, un
til within one month of the expiration of his sen
tence, when it shall be discontinued for the pur
pose of permitting nature to restore the feature to
its original hue, preparatory to the second advent
of its owner into the world." Pike, of the Ken
tucky Flag, is in favor of the resolution with an
amendment that the sheriff of each county be re
quired to catch every delinquent newspaper sub
scriber in his bailiwick, and black his nose and
keep it black until he pays up.
Cure for Headaches. A work has been pub
lished in Paris, by an eminent physician, in which
is described a new remedy for headaches. He
uses a mixture of ice and salt, in proportion of one
to half as a cold mixture, and this he applies by
means of a little purse of silk gauze, with a rim
of gutta percha, to limited spots on the forehead
or other parts of the scalp, where rheumatic head
ache is felt. It gives instantaneous relief. The
skin is subjected to the process from half a minute
to one and a half minutes, and it is rendered hard
and white. It is said to be good in erysipelas and
diseases of the skin.
The laboring man in
does but read, has more
aolomon had.
the present age, if he
helps to wisdom than
Cure for Founder in Horses. Mr. Benjamin
Hickman, of Thornbury, informs us that a horse
may be cured of founder, in half an hour, by rub
bing his leg from the fetlock joint to the hoof, with
water heated as hot as the hand will bear, and a
little melted lard. He has tried it with success.
Vil. Record.
WHIG STATE CONVENTION.
The last Greensborough Patriot contains an article
of gome length, evidently written with care and af
ter due deliberation, on the subject of the Whig Con
vention and amendments to the Constitution. Among
other things, the Patriot says :
" If nothing bat the topic of federal politics r?ere
likely to enter into the discussion, we should feel but
little anxiety as to the choice, and, indeed, still less
as to the result. But it is not to be disguised, that
an important matter of State policy will come in for
a share of consideration in the approaching canvass.
It cannot be kept out. The propriety and process of
amending our State Constitution must necessarily be
discussed, and must have a powerful bearing upon
the Governor's election. It is useless to blink the
.: .... 7. V7 A i r. Allan.. In fill T
(JUCVVIUIl, VI lljf IIS BHUC UICI I. oiieii-s w
humble judgment, it will be wisdom in the April
Convention to come out and take a bold position, and
nominate a man who has some definite views on the
subject, and the independence to proclaim them over
the State. If no reference be made to this subject
in the " platform " of the Convention, the nominee
will be placed in a most awkward predicament either
in the West or the East, or both ; he may find that
silence does him damage, yet be afraid to speak. And
if any position be assumed by the Convention, it
must be done with becoming decision, or it will com
mand no respect."
The Patriot, it seems, is tired of the Whig policy
of blinking " public questions, and of attempts by
leading Whigs-to "slide" over these qoestions in
silence; and so it comes forward in favor of " some
definite views " and of independence, or, in other
words, honesty and candor on the part of its leading
men. We fear that in this respect, at least, the
Patriot is doomed to disappointment. Whigisin pros
pers moat by concealing its real designs, and it is
hardly to be expected, at this late day, that the tac
tics of the leaders will be changed. We have put
the foregoing remarks from the Patriot on record, with
! the view of comparing the course of the Editors after
the Convention shall have been held, with their pres
ent course ; and we also quote the following from
the same paper, from which it will be seen the Edi
tors show their hands as distinctly as possible on the
side of a " free Convention." The Editors says :
" We have no disposition to conceal the well-matured
opinion nay, it is our duty as the representa
tive of what we believe to be the popular judgment
around us, to press the necessity of nominating a can
didate who shah come out boldly, in every cornur of
the State, as the advocale of a free Convention to reform
the Constitution. We would not ask him to specify
the particulars of reform what propositions in this
relation he might approve or disapprove ; only, that
he should insist upon the right and propriety of the
People, without reference to section or party, taking
j the remodeling of their fundamental laws into their
own hands, and taking it out of the hands of party
demagogues and legislative log-rollers."
These, then, are the "definite views" of the
Patriot. Is it likely they will be carried outl Will
the Eastern Whigs consent to occupy this ground 1
Will they agree to throw the present basis of repre
sentation into a "free Convention," and thus put
themselves, voluntarily, in the way of being shorn of
their just constitutional rights! Will they sacrifice
their section and their own best interests for party ?
We cannot believe they will. And if not, what will
be the result as to this question in the Whig Con
vention 1 Will there not be some "sliding" and
" blinking " Shall we not have again a Whig can
didate with all sorts of opinions, or with really no
opinions!
We do not propose, at present, to enter into an ar
gument on the subject of the basis or with reference
to a " free Convention " it will be time enough to
do this after the Whig Convention shall have assem
bled and announced its decision. But we shall en
deavor to keep the people duly advised of incipient
Whig movements not only to defeat Equal Suffrage
in the approaching campaign, but movements calcu
lated to arouse section against section, and then to
commit their Constitution to a Convention, to be call
ed for the avowed purpose of destroying the present ba
sis and of building up the interests of parly on the
ruins of just organic law. We have reason to be
lieve that a deep game is already in progress, and we
warn the people in time against it. That game is,
to run a Whig candidate for Governor, as the regu
lar nortiinee of the party, and another candidate a
Democrat, if possible who will be called to the field
in the hope of distracting the Democracy, and of
crippling our candidate. We do not believe that any
Democrat can be found who will lend himself to this
unworthy purpose ; but failing in this, the leaders
will put forward a "no-party" Whig, who will oc
cupy the position of a third candidate ; and in this
way they will spread their net, as the Whigs of
Virginia did on a certain occasion, with the view of
catching birds of every feather, and in the hope of
electing their regular nominee. This plot, we are
assured, has been laid and discussed ; and it may be
attempted to be carried out. The leaders, it must be
confessed, are in a fair way for such a movement, for
their organs here appear to have been cut and trim
med down with especial reference to it. The Regis
ter will go, with it accustomed prudence, with the
" regulars" the Star can go a little with the " reg
ulars," and then a little with the East, and semi
occasionally with the third concern and the Times
can let itself loose for the third business with all its
might. Let us watch and wait. The approaching
Whig Convention may dissolve this plot, and there
may be, in consequence, but one Whig candidate;
but we shall see. In the mean time, let the Democ
racy stand together as one man, and make ready tor
the contest. Discarding all sectionalism, and all un
due preferences for men, let as go for the interests and
welfare of the whole State and for the unchanged and
unchangeable principles of the Democratic party.
We shall have a platform the old one about which
there will be no room either for doubt, for " blink
ing " or for " sliding ; " and we shall have a candi
date worthy of the cause, and who will command the
entire confidence and enthusiastic support of all.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
Prof. Emmons, State Geologist, accompanied by
his son, who is one of his Assistants, left this place
on Monday morning last for Pitlsborough, with the
view of making an examination of the coal-beds in
that region of the State. These coal-beds are now
exciting tpoch attention, and it was deemed best that
Prof. Emmons should visit them first. A thorough
examination and a Report may -be expected, which
we hope soon to have the pleasure of laying before
our readers.
Prof. Emmons will repair next, in all probability,
to the sea-board, and proceed thence towards the cen
tre and West in the regular performance of his duties.
His labors will extend over a vast field, hitherto un
explored. We have the fullest confidence in his
qualifications for the task he has assumed, and we
anticipate from his labors the most valuable results.
We should - give as we receive, cheerfully, and
without hesitation; for there is no grace in a bene
fit that sticks to the fingers.
A despatch dated Lancaster, January 2 1st, says,
that the bills found by the grand jury against the
Christiana prisoners for murder and riot have been
ignored and the prisoners discharged.
GEN. WILLIAM O. BUTLER.
We present below the Resolutions recently adop
ted by the Democratic Convention of Kentucky :
" The democracy of Kentucky have ever main
tained the principles of the constitution of the United
States, and sacredly observed its compromises, and
accorded to each State the unquestionable right to
regulate and maintain unmolested her domestic poli
cy and institutions. The perfect sovereign equality
among the States has ever been with democrats a
cardinal and cherished principles, never to be yielded
or sacrificed to policy.
The integrity and harmony of the Union are best
preserved by a strict observance of the powers dele
gated to the genera government. Therefore,
1. Resolved, That the Congress of the United States j
nas no power to control, regulate, or interfere with
the institution- of slavery as it exists in any of the
States.
2. Resolved, That Congress has no power to pro
hibit a citizen of any of the States, where slavery
exists by authority of law, from emigrating with and
holding his slaves and inhabiting any territory ac
quired by the blond and treasure of the whole, peo
ple, and held by the United States for the benefit of
all the States.
3. Resolved, That we will abide by and maintain
the several acts recently passed by the Congress of
the United States, known as the compromise meas
ures, as a final settlement of questions which threat
ened the harmony and integrity of the Union ; and
that we will not consent or submit to a violation of
the principles of the compromise acts, and especially
that which proposes to surrender, in obedience to the
constitution, fugitive slaves to their legitimate own
ers. We require of the general governments prompt
and faithful execution of this law in its letter and
spirit.
4. Resolved, That the democracy of Kentucky are
true to the faith of their fathers, and require of all
intrusted with power that construction of the federal
constitution which limits their action to the powers
plainly granted.
5. Resolved, That it is the dHy of Congress faith
fully to apply the revenues of the government to an
economical administration of pub lie affairs and the
speedy extinguishment of the public debt.
6. Resolved, That the application of the national
revenue to the purposes ol internal improvement,
upon objects merely local and not national, is uncon
stitutional, and tends to an extravagant, if not a cor
rupt, use of public money.
7. Resolved, That the democracy of Kentucky are
opposed to any innovation upon the principles of the
taritt of 1846, and especially to a substitution ol
specific instead of the ad valorem principle embraced
in that act.
8. Resolved, That the democracy of the nation can
boast of many good men and true, who would faith
fully carry out the foregoing principles and ably ad
minister the government ; and among these we rec
ommend to the democracy of '.he nation our distin
guished fellow-citizen, William O. Butler, and
ask for his claims at the hands of the national
democratic convention a just and impartial consider
ation. 0. Resolved, That we approve of a national demo
cratic convention, to be held at some central point, at
some early day, and will appoint delegates to repre
sent Kentucky in said convention, and hereby pledge
the sincere and zealous support of the democracy of
Kentucky to the nominees of that body for the offices
of President and Vice President."
The Washington Union says it has been inform
ed, from a high and responsible source, that the fore
going Resolutions were submitted to Gen. Butler,
and were approved by him before they were offered
for the consideration of the Convention. The prin
ciples announced in these Resolutions are sound, and
are such as would meet the sanction of the Democ
racy in all portions of the Republic. There is no
Freesoilism about them on the contrary, they occu
py the true ground on the question of Slavery, and
they are marked and clear in the importance they at
tach to a " faithful execution of the fugitive-slave
law in its letter and spirit. "
The Whig presses of the South those of them,
we mean, which go for party right or wrong have
been endeavoring for some time past to produce the
impression that Gen. Butler is unsound upon the
Slavery question. We have watched this movement
in silence, feeling assured that an occasion would
soon arise when we could come forward, and, by the
record, show the utter groundlessness of this impres
sion ; and we are glad to hav it in our power to do
so now. T'he above Resolutions no doubt embody
the opinions of Gen. Butler ; and, holding these opin
ions, he is as sound a Democrat as breathes.
And now, just look for a moment at the double
distilled hypocrisy of these Whig leaders. They
know that Gen. Taylor owed his election, under their
auspices, to the two faces which he presented to the
country on the Slavery question they know that,
during his brief service, he was controlled by such
men as Ewing and Seward, rank Abolitionists they
knew that Millard Fillmore acquired all his notoriety
and distinction before his election to the Vice Presi
dency, by his open and unblushing advocacy of Ab
olition doctrines they know that he is at this moment
a Freesoiler at heart, and opposed under any and
all circumstances, to the spread of Slavery they
know that Daniel Webster has put his foot down,
time and again, and declared, that Slavery will get
no help from him in the way of extension, and that he
is inexorably opposed to the admission of new slave
holding States they know that Gen. Scott, their
probable nominee for the Presidency, is not only op
posed to Slavery as an "evil," but has refused, thus
far, even tojapprove the fugitive-slave law they know
that, among all their leaders in the free States, they
cannot produce one man who ever has or ever will
consent to the extension of the institution, either in
Territories or by the admission of new States; and
yet these Whig Editors, Sewardized as they are in
New York, Cor winized as they are in Ohio and
throughout the great West, and committed as they
are, every where, to aspirants to the Presidency who
are either silent upon the subject of Slavery, or radi
cally unsound these men have the impudence to ar
raign such a man asGen. Butler, and, without proof,
to.charge him with holding Freesoil or Abolition senti
ments! We call upon all honest men to look at
these Editors, and to scan them well, so that they
may know them in the coming campaign.
We are committed to no man for the Presidency,
and, for this very reason, we have it in our power to
do justice to al& the distinguished Democrats who
have been spoken of for that office. Gen. Butler has
been mentioned in this connexion, and we have, there
fore, felt it our duty to repel the charge of Freesoilism
attempted to be fixed upon him.
And now, in conclusion, we have but one point to
put, and it is this: We challenge the Whig Editors
of North Carolina to produce the first man of their
party in the free States, among those who have been
spoken of as likely to receive the nomination for the
Presidency, who is not now, or who has not been a
Freesoiler or an Abolitionist. That is the point, gen
tlemen what will you do with it! Will you play
mum, as tne traitor oi ine Register aia wnen v.e
asked him if he would go for Scott 9 We shall see.
The Christhtn Sun, edited by the Rev. H. B.
Hayes, and published in this place, has bees chang
ed from a semi-monthly to a weekly paper. The Sun
is very neatly printed, and is no doubt useful to the
denomination of Christians it represents and to the
cause of morals. We wish it success.
We have received the first number of the " Live
Giraffe," published in this City by Mr. Wesley
Whitaker. The " Giraffe" is a comely animal, and
reaches much higher among the persimmons than any
quadruped we know of. We wish him an abundance
of green provender, a good digestion, and a fair run.
CENTRALIZATION -
W e agree with our friends of the VVilmin
nal in their views, as generally expres8ed
issue of the 2Gth ultimo, upon " centraliza! J(i
trahzation is, indeed, the bane of parties, j
publics ; and we cannot too seduloosly 0n.7 Re
it. J ard against
We also think our friends of the Journal c! ,
the right as to the mode of aPPointi ,he J1'
Delegates to the Baltimore Convention! L tl
here, as far forth as possible, to the old pi6'"1"
pointing by Districts. The Districts are T J
the Delegates, and let them appoint them Tk 0
ter is surely of sufficient importance to con.
attention and secure the action'of the party 'mand""
Districts. But we gave our opinion on ihl" "!.'
in our last, and it is, therefore, unnecessary
it here. We will only add that the safest an?"
best plan is to adhere to former usaae
when such usage has been expressly sanci" ''J
the action of the people. IOnel kJ
The Weather.
spell of weather during-
on Tuesday morning, ranging I
We had another .
f the week. ih.Z?
n2 from t' Z , 'r'el,
grees below zero. We have not had such co'd !e
here for many years. Salem (X c i
: .l i t " "J 'rett.
i nis was me ceieoraieu coia Tuesday the
On the morning of the 20ih, the thrrmL..'
At 19 ftprrriioa tiolnur vum in Ktumi ir
- ... u.uu-ituu, va JnJ
i . 1d on.
ol thfl Rlarro-ri rivers nn Ihp Sbnni i "
frstm tha KnY lialntooo anil almn.i ' ... "
- ..w. ,......, u..uum insensible
resiorea wuu mucn aimcuuy
The cold at Franconia, New Hampshirethe
dest spot in the United States was proved
same day, to be 43 degrees below iero by'g
thermometer, the range of the Fahrenheit thenno""
tei, it is stated, not descending that number of
grees ueiuw zeru.
Thpre 3 finite n hesivv ennn. .
artuie nine, in r iunui. as an evidence of the cold
it is stated that a negro boy came near being frolPQ
An instance like this is not known to have occi J
i in Florida. What the effect of the cold ha. t.
upon the orange and other fruit trees, cannot be know
until Spring ; but ii is feared they have been serious
ly injured. Snow fell, about the same time, in "e,
Orleans.
On the same day the 20th East River wash
zen over at New York, and it is estimated that
teen thousand persons passed between New V
and Brooklyn during the day, on the ice.
Large portions of the Chesapeake Bay were a';
frozen over, and a number of ships were ht'd fasti
several days in the ice.
The partridges, it is said, have been destroyed r:
thousands, during the late cold spell, in New Jet;;;
Maryland, and Pennsylvania. A great many, si
the Baltimore Sun, have been frozen in the fie';;
and woods; and that paper recommends that all
may be brought in alive for sale, be purchased,k
sed up, and then turned loose when the weather mi
erates, so as to preserve the stock of this delicirt
bird.
Nearly all navigation, North, was suspended b,
ing the late severe weatliei ; and the Rail Roads k
sed to operate on account of the piles of snoir. T:.
of course, kept back the Mails. W e received, t
instance, on Tuesday last, six Daily Washinpa
Unions, and a number of New York papers and BiJ
timore Suns, by the same Mail
It is stated that one of the result pf the rer?
conferences among the Southern and Northern H
as to a ticket for the next Presidential election, isi
Gov. Seward and Gov. Jones, of Tennessee, b
both agreed to support Gen. Scott as the whig e
didate. Gov. Jones, it is said, requires thai 0:
Scott shall place himself on the Union platform
support the compromise measures, while Got. Sr
ard consents to adhere to Gen. Scott as hisorigi:
nominee, even if he should avow himself in faur
the compromise measures. It would seem, thcef:-
thafGen. Scott is to be the candidate of the two:
Iremes of the whig party the compromise and:
anti-compromise the Southern and the NonVn.
Wash. Cr. Bali. Sui.
Thus writes "Ion" the Correspondent of the B.
timore Sun. What becomes of Mr. Graham! Wt:'
is Mr. Fillmore ? What will the Raleigh Rfgir
say 1 Gov. Seward, it seems, has agreed to supr
Scott, even if he should avow himself in favor mi
fugitive-slave law. This is the course wes!;
supposed he would pursue. Seward has no iJH
unwhigging himself he is too shrewd and far-ss:
to cut himself loose from the " great Whigpa?
His principles, too, are accommodating in theirs
acter so much so that he can stand up wits
Southern leaders for the nominee, though thau"
nee should take ground against his most de
isms. Gales and Greely, and Badger and Se
what a conjunction!
REVIVAL.
We learn that much Interest has been exci:
several congregations in this City, duringa few5
past, on the subject of an active and living Cbm
faith. A number of persons have professed
converted ; and the zeal of the Ministers ands
bers of the Presbyterian, Baptist and Chris
Churches continues warm and unabated.
We had the pleasure, a few evenings since, of
ing the Rev. Mr. Reynoldsonof the Baptist Cb'
He is a good speaker, and, evidently, a mosteW
Preacher of The Word, lie possesses a fine'8
nation, but the marked characteristic of it w, to
rn variably applies it, so tar a's we could judge. -
nractinal and useful manner. We were not SO?-'
.j r. i i a kim ot ihn atirrin? andbtt
cu a i lci wo uau ucaru uiiu, o
cial influences exerted by his preaching.
. a national
as regards national measures ,
mere appears to ne a graiiijriuz u
among the Whigs of the whole Slate.
Greensborough f'"
. . .. ... . , A k much B-
mis unanimity oi view wouiu - .
"gratifying" if the Patriot woeld toll sj
the men and what are the " measures" of 1C..
speaks. The " view " may he very " gratify'
the Whig leaders, and the Patriot itself maj
had some good glimpses ; butweoutoVeriaree -;
Iy in the dark. J
Give n hnt liaht. and AiaX asks l I
Where are you, gentlemen 1 What are joa ?
Wha are yoa for ? What are you for ?
... in I
Mr. Clay has wnttena
Rnatwick. Of
Ms. Clat.
tion to his health, to Dr,
dated January 15, in .which he says
n I COT'-
my condition as highly critical. It ";
:.kin.. .i. a nrnceeoivg"
lower bronchial vessels; it has reduced rne's.
and flesh, diminished my appetite, and Ies ,
sleen s it must be arrested or it will termu
1 .kl-l. .1 u : kn diminished, an
-t. f..ui vhhin the'3
WGIU1II1IV 1C11 UIVIV WUIIuriawiw "
night." .
We are gratified to learn from theSa le
that the entire amount of stock required tt;
to Construct the Plank Road from Fayette'
haS C1""
lem, ha been secured, ihe tuagm
eed the location of the Road. This Road J
to be of signal benefit to Fayetteville, a8
the Counties through which it runs.
v i