Lynchburg Virginian. [volume], November 09, 1829, Image 1

About Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?

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THE LYNCHBURG VIRGINIAN.
• BY FLETCHER & TOLER. LYNCHBURG, V A. MONO AY. NOVEMBER !>, 1829* VOL* VHL—NO. 8ft*
TKR-MS. v
__ por *i per amelia, payable lu advance—INo suh
>V1|| I,a received for ale* time Ulan mi month.
„, L paper Will he ,livcoutumed (but at the diaeretiou
a, the Editor.) haul all arrearage, are paid.
XT Adveruaementc will lie iaierted at .V) coni* per
...ureter lew) the ltr-l UM,.and *7 1-2 cent, for each
m,etn.eai.ee. Tli.ee from a distance mum be paid for
□ revtouato their in.ertion, or me payment a.iumed by
aanie retponaiblo per.ou tu Lynchburg.
CT Chancery Ordera not exceeding twoi'tunrc.aro in
aerted for aix dollar..
iy All letter, addressed to tbo Editor, must b< post
paid, or they will not be atteuded to._
OmT half of Hose Isle for bate.
I WISH 10 tell this valuable ir»ct oi lenu,
lying on Tye River, in Nelsi n county, n
bout 18 miles Ifom Nt*« Market, (at tin junc
tion of'l’ye anil James River,) where there is
an inspection for Tobacco and boat naviga-j
turn to Richmond ; in tha neighborhood there
are two firit race manufacturing mills for flour
The halfol the tract contains, by estimate, 151)0
acres, and in good repair. Thu tract is consi
dered one of the best in Nelson county, particu
larly well adapted to tobacco,corn Hi wheat. The
land i« well watered and timbered, and a great
deal of fine tobacco land to cut. 'H ere is ii
body of 150 acre* of low ground* of goo I .pul
py on the river, attached to either ball oi this
desirable place. The purchaser will be allow
ed lo purchase either half ot this estate (the
lower or the upper portinu) as may best suit Ins
wishes. It is useless to give a further xlesciip
liooof this desirable esiap*. as those wishing to
purchase will fust view the premises. Mr A
cres, residing on the place, will shew the land
to any person wishing tovtetv it. I am dispos
ed tosell on accommodating terms, but a bar
gain can be had for cash, or I wouid lake ne
groes in payment Letters addressed to me or
/ R 1) Pay tie, in Lynchburg will lie pinmptly
attended to- LANDON K. CABELL
May 7. ,s7f> _
WE have just received a lew packages di .-i
rahle goods,much cheaper than pn vinos
supples, tuni w t- are induced once more this
summer to invite our town and country friends
to examine the prices, feeling confident they
will he surprised at the great reduction in all
kind, of goods recently made in the Northern
Markets. M'KEE, ROBINSON Ik CO.
WHEAT.
WT wish to purchase several thousand
bushels of Wheat,for which the highest
market price will he given.
M'KEE, ROBINSON k CO.
roll SAE Oil BARTER,
/V TRACT of Land containing 296 acres
_ur,\ situated in the county ol Bedford, and
Campbell, about 2 miles south west of New
London, and 1 mile front tile Academy. There
is about 20 or 30 acres cleared ; having on it
some fine fruit trees, well watered, bat without
improvements. I he said land is as good as a
i,y m that section of the country. In payment
ol the above land i would take young negroes
at a fair price. Apply to f ol. Alex. Austin,
who lives adjoining the land, or to thu suhs Ti
ber, in Montgomery county, near Salem ; who
wishes to sell the place on which he lives, on
the main western road, 5 miles from Salem, on
Roannak river, well improved, containing 588
acres, about 80 of which is cleare I, and nearly
a|| fresh. 1 would lake one half the value in
young negroes, should it suit a purchaser.
EDMUND l\ WHITE.
August 20. « 's2
DRY AND IN OIL..
200 Kegs White Lead in Oil
200 Kegs Spanish Brows, in Oil
25 Kegs Green Paint in Oil
25 Kegs Yellow Ochre in Oil
25 Kegs Black Paint in Oil
2000 Its dry Spanish Blown
10i>0 lbs „ry White Lead
2000 lbs Venetian Red
2000 IDs. Spanish Whiting
600 lbs. Paris While, <Lc.
Together with every other color, dry audio
Oil in use. All of which are offered for sate at
the lowest prices. HOWEL DAVIES.
Surgical Instruments, Nfc.
^T\3i>OW opening a /urge and beautiful assort
(V j mint of Surgical uttd .other instrument
fi* :
Ampu'ating
Trepanning
Lithotomy
Obstetrical
Dissecting
Pocket Instruments
Eye do
Tooth do
An assortment of Gum Elastic Instruments
Spring and Thumb Lancets
Instruments separate or out of Sets, all
kinds
■Together with many others not nv ntioned.
HOWEL DAVIES.
Sent. 14.
~ ©LASS 'VTARUE
J»jOW opening « handsome assortment of
1 GLASS WAU viz :
Indin Shades
Entry-Lamps
Salvers
Jellies
Wines
Tumblers
Lemonades
Celeries
Chain paignes
Bird Founts
Do Boxes
Lamp Glasses, (various kinds)
•lewe ller’s Globes
Shop Furniture, A-c.&c.
IIOWEL DAVIES.
-Tidy 2.
US
A FEW pair of Paris Over-Shoes for Ladies
for sale at New York Prices.
HOWEL DAVIES.
Or.t. 02
PURSE ANT to a deed of trust executed to
Richard Tyree and Wm Davis, by Wm.
Cobhs and Jane 'ns wife, heariug data the -1th
day May, 1819, Rod duly recorded in the Hus
tings Court ol L> ixciiboig, f >r purposes thereir
named, the subscriber, surviving trustee, will
proceed to sell, by way ol public auction, on
the premises, on Saturg.i- the 7(b .lav of No
vember next, a lot of ground, with a cimvenirnt
dwelling house and other out bouses on it, con
taining 1 1-4 acres, lying down the river about
halt a mile from Lynchbutg. anil commonly
called Smith's Well. Lik-’ivi'e a lol of ground
situated in the town ol Lynchburg, containing
a quarter of an acre, (-t, (illi street and 3d alley,
having on it a hou-e, at prasi nt occupied ns a
poor house. Terms made known on day of
sale. The subscriber, acting ns tru-iee, 'will
convey none other than th- tiil,. vested in him
as sueb. RICHARD TYREE,
Surviving Trustee.
Oct. 28 g|
. (MMMWUMMMMHyiiMHMMI », ■ V—. -*
POETRY.
! . ..
From the lioilon Juken.
THE BL’GLK.
BY 6RENVIM,K (lil ies.
Oh ! wild, enchanting horn!
i Whose music up the deep end levy air
Swells to the clouds, mid a' Is an Echo there,
Till a now melody is born I
Wake, wake again ! The night
I> bending fr om her throne of beauty down,
Willi still stars burning on her aruic crown,
Intense, and eloquently bright !
Night, a° its pulseless noon '
When the far voire of waters mourns in song,
And some tired watch-dog lardy and long
Barks at the melancholy morn !
Mark! how it sweeps awav,
Soaring and dying on the silent sky,
As if some spiile of sound went wandering by,
With lone halloo and roundelay 1
Swell, swell, in glory out'
Thy tones come pouring on my leaping heart,
Am) mv stirred spirit hears thee with a start,
As boyhood’s old remember'd shorn !
Oh ! have ye heard that peal
From sleeping ciiy’s moon hath d battlements,
Or from the gtiatd"d field and warrior tents,
Like some near breath around you steal !
Or, have ye in I he roar
Of sea, or storm, or battle, heatd it rise,
Shriller than Eagle's elainor, to the skies,
Where wings and tempests never soar ?
Go, go—no other sound.
No music that of air or earth is horn.
Can match the mighty music ol that hoi n ,
On midnight's fathomless profound 1
EPIGRAM.
The following Epigram contains much point.
It is known that the celebrated Eos never paid
a debt that he could avoid :
STAMP rcriES ON RECEIPTS.
" I would,” says Eos, " a tax devise
That should not tall on me."
“ Then tax lieceipls," Lord North replies,
“ Eor them you never see,"
From lh*' Boston Bntriot.
w Honor thy Father uinl ihy Mother, Mint thy Haye
iniy l*o long in tho JLu.it which the Lord thy Ijo.1 givetn
tbee.M
Soon after the dece-ise of the venerated lohn
Adams, we mentioned that in his wdl h»* had
among liberal bequest given a legacy to aid
ihe erection of a new house of public worship
n Q inry. Since that time a beautiful chore
ihasl»ern built, of Quincy gianite, in n Myle </
architecture creditable no: « nlv to lh.it t*»w»
but to the Commonwealth. During the p si
summer ex-president John Quincy Adams di
rected the construction uf an appropriate M n
ument to the memory of the v« nerahle John
Adams, and his excellent consort, to he p so ed
in the Quincy church, us the most appr » iui**
locality (or a iiieinoiul of one, wh »*• Ide ua«l
been devoted to his country, and whose purse
had ever been opened most liberally to aid the
sacred cause of social improvement, true liberty
and independence, and moral and religious in
siruction
On Thursday Inst the Monument having been
completed, Wasiplucedhn an appropriate place
in the church. It i? a plain ami simple de ign,
consisting of a Tablet having recessed pilast**i*j
nt the sides, w ith a base moulding and cornice,
the whole supported by trusses at the base.
The material ol which it is rn de, is Italian
maible, and the whole is surmounted by a
bust of fine Can era marble, from the chisel ol |
our promising artist Mr. Grecuougli, now at
Rome.
ihe design for the Monumentwns furnished
by Alpheus Carey ol this city ami the w ork
executed by Messrs. Carey &. Dickinson, in a
manner wlji'*h does them much credit. The i
erection of the monument was fuperintende d ,
bv Mr. Dickinson, and appears to be put up in
a neat and permanent manner.
ihe inscriptions, copies of which we annex,
are units rnlly well executed* 1 hey will amply
repay any one tor a pilgrimage to Quincy. He
who visits these testimonials to departed worth
I* laced in the temple of the great giver of good,
who peruses the memorials which filiai. pif
TV has -inscribed upon their tombs, and who
f .els that in the good they had achieved, they
have left a monument more | erdurable than
tl skilfully executed marble that he admires,
mi st go home a better man, with his affections
pur fi M and his patriotism more elevated and
devoid.
Libertatem Amicitiam Fidem Retinkbjs.
U. O. JVI
Beneath these Walls
Ate deposited the Mortal Remains of
JOHN ADAMS,
Son of John and Susanna (Boylston) Adams,
Second President of the United States,
Bnm 19-20 October, 1736,
On the fourth of July, 1776
He pledged his Life, Fortune and Sacred Hon
or
To the INDEPENDENCE OF HIS COUN
TRY.
On the third of September, 1783,
He affise I his Seal to the definitive 1 reaty with
Grtaf Britain I
Which acknott (edged that Independence,
And comummiied the ri demptionofhis Pledge. I
On the fourth of July 1826
lie rvas summoned
To the Independence of Immortality,
And to the JUDGMENT OF HIS GOD.
This House « ill bear witness to hie Piety :
This Town, his Birth place, to Itis Munificence,
History to his Patriotism,
Posterity to the Depth & Compass of his Mind
At his side
Sleeps Idl the Trump shall Sound
ABIGAIL,
His beloved anti only Wifu,
Daughter ol William and Elizabeth (Quincy)
Smith,
lo every Relation of Life, a Pattern
Of Filial, Conjugal, Maternal and Social Virluc
Boro 11-12 November 1741,
Deceased 28 October 1918.
Aged 74
Married 25 October 1*61.
Doting an onion ol more than tiall a Century
They survived in Harmony of Sentiment, prin
ciple and Affection
The Tempest of Civil Commotion,
Meeting undaunted, and surmounting
The Terror* amt Trials of that Revolution
Which secured fife Freedom of their Country ;
Improved the Condition of their times ;
Ami briglt'ened the Prospects of Futurity
To the Race of-Man upon Earth.
PILGRIM !
Front l ive* thus spent thy earthly Duties learn,
From Fancy’* Dreams to active Virtue turn :
l,et Freedom, Friendrhip, l*»,th thy H,.ul engage,
And serve like thorn, thy Country and thy Age.
OF I Hi; MIOfCIMv Of IIOfHKS
W.V tin Old OJJicer uj'the French Cavalry,
1 Ins opt'iation is oin* «>t great iiiomcnl ; we
shall examine the goedund had effects wInch it
may have upon the animal. This custom was
nut knowii to the ancients- tin* Hommi writers
make no mention of it. Most of the diseas •
that afflict the domesticated horses, are located
in their feet. Should we not Hbcribc this to
the custom of shoeing ? And if these diseases
were unknown at the time iliat the custom did
not exi-t, may we not conclude that hence they
draw tin ii cause and origin •*
Uni author states that the horses of the Em
peror Nero were shod vs it li silver, and so nut lines
with gold ; hut this w •« a mere luxury, for the
rdioe encased the whola hoof. A ccdehiaied
Neapolitan remained convinced that I hr nucienU
were ignorant of this custom, li wou d » cm
that it originated in about the eleventh century.
\s it i', (lie custom lint not berm adopted m a|i
countries, and iut* inning me mans modifi> a
tionswith different people, some n| whom
have only p iiially a mpted it. '1 lie N .ipoli
tans. S| at aids and hetmans, for ins ance, to
this day. s'o< th« ir Ii ises only on the fore
led.
u e mny be allow* <! t,• nsk, wlielhcr it be
li - Iv, lhill nature, in tu rning so henutilul Hit
•mini'll, sliouM hav- *PKtmved ii|*no him f* el una
ble to 9>>p|)iiit him, on oiig journeys * It is not
we f hut «i d hois* s ilo without shoes? Ami
can H !i» denied, that they are entirely useless
to (hum ? f mully, is it not well known that
their lionfs are more or less haul according to
the nature ol the soil tipo.i which they live t
Lot the mountain horses alone be compan <1
with those living on rnarbhy grounds, and the
great difference in the nature of tlitir hoofs will
be at once perceived.
But the (me git of the question is, to ascer
tain whether, under existing riicuinstancet, this
custom can he dispensed with. Undoubtedly
not, Our horses have too far degenerated, ami
it cannot be denii d, that tho intluence of do
(besticatiou has rendered these animal* incapa
ble of icsibting ihe hard bodies upon which they
trend or lie. We most, thtuefoiw, continue to
shoe ; but Ibis operation mubi be performed in
such a way, as to produce good effects alone.
J he importance of ibis cannot be too inui li in*
■dated on, if we bear in mind the great number
of diseases that are occasioned by bud shoeing.
1 lie colt fbmild be shod curly, in older to
accustom Inin to support this opi-ialion, which
is •*! fust very annoying to him Upon lhi- first
shoeing almost always depends the good or hud
conformation of'tilt* font, t’are must be had
to touch n- bglitly as possible the heel and fork,
and particularly, to u.e only very light shoes.
Most h" i si's are restiff under this operation, am!
it is improper to treat them harshly m conse
quence.
There are horses that are very gentle it* the
stable, that cannot be approached when they
are tied for shoeing. And indeed it cannot be
expected t hut they will remain quiet, before n
forgo firp, or when an awkward smith ha-*
burnt or pricked them.
The li* oft ought to ho pnred very little This
is a lanlt which most lanicrs coirinil, that of
paring too much. They usually open tile heel,
and remove a part of (ho props of the foot and
ol (lie fork, so that the Imise hefote long litis h
tendency to In come hoof-bound. Instead ol
opening his heels hi* • loses them. The hot iron
should never be applied to the sole ; this is the
worst ol their bad customs ; in doing this they
frequently burn the sole to the quick ; or by
paring too close they arrive at the quick, by
which the horse is rendered tender-footed.
f inally, and it cannot be too much insisted
Upon, il is not the foot that should be made to fi
the shoe, but file shoe to fit the foot. By burn
ing the sole, the foot becomes withered, and
hence arise many disorders,such as the 5oii**,fcc.
The pernk ions custom of re-paring the hoof
should not be tolerated. The injury thus mail
is incalculable. It is as if we were to scrape off
the enamel of our teeth. The portions thus
removed an* essentially neces ary fur the heal
thy condition of the hoof. When the injury
ha - been done, the custom i«, to attempt to icm
edy it by applying ointments ; but the imiimdo*
rale use of these occasions the disease called
pieJgrna. It this o utment i* necessary in cei
lain cases, it is in many more very pn judicial.
Pickled Brels. —The follow ng method of pre
paiiug pickled beefs lias been highly recoin
mended :
“ Pm boil some of the finest red heel roofs in
wafer, then cul them into a sauce pan with
some'sliced horse radish, onions, powdered gin
ger, beaten mace, whiir pepper, clove*, aispu «
Hnd sail ; and boil the whole in suffp ieiil vine
gar to covei it, at least m quarter of an hour.
&tram the liqii'M- from the iugredieuts, put the
slices into a jar, pour tho shamed liquor over
them, and il higher color he wanted, add a little
cochineal when the pickle is quite cold, and
keep it closely covered w ith a bladder or leath
er. A little oil may be poured on the top of ;
this pickle which will assist the better to pre- i
serve it without prejudice to the beet root, j
which is commonly served up m oil, its own ii
quor, and a small quantity of powdered loaf (
sugar poured over it. Some also add mustard,
but this is by no means necessary, and certain
ly does not iuiprovo the color of tins hue
pickle.”
RIPE TOMATO PICKLE.
The Union Tunes gives ,the following recipe
for making “ Hit most savory pickles in the
world
Take ripe tomatoes, and prick them with a
fork or pointed stick, put them into any kind of
vessel, sailing eac h layer thickly, let them re
main in the salt about eight days—at the expi
ration of the eight days, put them for one night
into a vessel of vinegar ami water ; then to a
peck of tomatoes and a bottle of good mustard,
put half an ounce of cloves, half an ounce of
pepper and one dozen large onions sliced—pack
them in a jar. placing-a layer of onions and
spices between the layers of tomatoes. In
ten days the pickles will be in good eating or
| der.
Peaches.—We have been much gratified with
tire appearance of several Peach Trees in the
nursery ofour fried Mr. Carpenter, of this city,
l’hey are grafted on stalks of the blue plum,
have been five years in full bearing, and are
now in vigorous health. The plum root not be
iiig liable to injury from the worm, no disease
hes as vet affected the trunk, branches, leaves
or fruit, which we sny from experience, is of
the most delicious kind. [ Lancaster Journal.
Among the fruits furnished by members of
the Massachusetts Agricultural Society, lor the
late show dinner at Brighton, were lemons of
a surprising »ize, from the green house of Mr.
Andrew BrgHow.fof Medfoid, taken from a tree
forty years old, and twelve feet in height.—
The tree bore this year 300 lemons, the largesl
of which, was tevtntetu inches iu circumfer
ence.
t
VfUGINIA CONVRNTION*
Saturday. Oct 31.
The Convention assembled at 11 o'clock, and
w as opened with prayer by tile Kcv. Mr. Skid
more, of the Methodist Chart h.
On motion of Mr. John S. Kai hour, the Home
resolved itaelfinto a Committee ul the Wbola
— Mr. ?»«•»•• d in the Chmi.
Mr Campbell ol Brooke, rote to addreta the
Committee, lie declined he never had been a
fi lend to apologies. — Bid # really, on (lie prevent
' occasion, lie was compelled to make an apology
When he looked round him ami saw the vetieia
bit* padiarlii* and politicianf ot the country,
and recollected his own ineip* rience in pulm
cal subjects, lie could not bin ii*el a very unu
sual decree of emhan iskimml lie siiould, how
ever, attempt to throw in his mite, miiiiII ms it
(VBlI
He said lie was n man, and fa I ronr.nned in
whntevei related to • lie utian • of men. He
could not, tin irt'ore, refute take uu miriest
i.i tlie |i»I’s’ent iliicuutioii. II'* ditchtiniod all
local feeling — lie was a Virginian, amt if if had
hern hit lies* iny to he a cihr.rn uf Ml fhnmptun.
i M»te *J of lirookt county—lie «vn» «fttillicit iIihi
lie fcli. iild entertain the tame piinciplet at I"
now etiiet'Hint Ik' wan nuai 'ua not to put to
sen u ithnnt a t ub • i, chart or pilot, hut the
C nv ntion mu not yet been furnished with
either O the co ti nry, we had been told 1*v
I a genii mail ot thu Mo ie unit we ions' wine
heli*. U, amt than the preface. Thai is to say.
tit it I. am the I. tin, and then the (iiHiumai ,
!iisi l«ant toe i7ili p»op •*itton of lim lid, ami
then go to the axioms ; l« >t m i d the cuiiitipi
11on of the patient, and Hu n I tile pulfe
Whether it miglr. b« called otiliodoxy or lief *
erodoiy, in politic!, lie would urns' upon it, Ilia
there weio tiled principle* m goveiiimit
Some maxims Ini ' been thrown out I v , n le
men, which he nought timl not heen sullied' nt >
replied I'or his o*n purl, he Would mlaii •
tlir piopoii’i niH which lie should attempt to •
tablish: 1st. that the principle ou which I* •>
amendment i* oflcird, ii iiiiphilosophical,
That it proceeds upon d ba*l* common to in
monarchical and mi into' ratiral lortu of govei»
merit. 31 ’Hint the lieelmld is of Virginia
never will asteiit to it ; and 4t'i. Hint the pl"n
of the Legislative Committee »* the only one
which suits the genius uf the p oplc.
lie would very reluctantly enter into nil)
annlyi'S of the argument* ol toy gentleman on
I Hi c ll *or, so great wh the respect In cut ilam
| ed foi those with whom lie was as oi iated In u*
lie would not characterise their ipeei lies wtli
the tide which they might logically hear. II
had been very much struck with the rhxpiem .
ol die gentleman up last evening, (Mi Atoms)
—heceenied to postext powers which might be
suflicienl to n.-ttiiblhh and carry into ett* < . any
course which was supported by truth. Hut In
tvfi« (ai pom being Batiffi* d will* the position
Which ilia! g» nth mini Hat! lam miwn. ivji i
then proceeded to examine Mr. Morris’s polo s
Mr. C\ said that it was easy for a man of eh*
quei.ee, after having laid down to himself car
lam propositions to prove, to march up to the
object luridly, mid support it with great force.
Such were the remarks which the gentleman
fiom Hanover, Hus inhiiiiltid with great dcclam
alory power. For his own part, he consideied
that, however old error was, truth was a day
older—however lusting the former was, that
IrmIt vi hs eternal
Mr. (’ then proceeded to examine the aigu
hhiiu of different g* nthunen upon this suhji ci.
He began with u position ol M> Barbour : I Inf
natural rights weie different from political
light*. Foi his own part, Mr i' said lie could
not conceive that ny man, who had equal
l ights in nature with anv other, could have dif
ferent political lights when he entered into so
cicly.
lie examined also, a position of Mr. fireeo,
about Hie abstractions ol the K*II of Kigli *—
and quoted bin opinion in tlie* < ourt of Appeal*,
in the case of i lendiaw ugninst the State Kiwi
Coinpanv, to show that In* then c msidered the
Hill of Itight* as fundamental laws. Hot no
wonder that gentleman's vision was obscure !
I the of her day on lliis subject—he had been so
much engaged m collecting statistics from llm
\uditor * Office, that thi*. subject became elips
ed. He saw the wise men hum tin Fast, tut
forgo! that empire w>*s tiav Hill to fl* VV> it—*
Mi C complimented the vloqueii* uirtiiphysi
. inns of the Fast, who vveie so famous for split
ting hairs. Nu wonder they had *>o mu< li ad
vantage over the VVesirm O a'or*. tep -sing as
they did at Hieii ease, with the slaves finishing
off* tile 11- s from their fares, while t he VVe-iei o
mom bets worn compelled tu pun oil heir coats,
and put their hands to h< plough.
Mr C. deprecated the idea of d termining
power by wealth. W ms if to he borne, that
Hubert Fulton, and Andrew Jackson, ami Jo
seph Lancaster, were not to be put on the same
foot in*' with the rich men .**—lie detested tin
influence of Mammon
II procei d'*d to examine a position taken
by Mr Barhour, an to tlie maxim that all m<n
are free mid cipnd. Mr C. paid a very high
> in plain r* lit to the genius nod services of JmIiii
Locke, whose Fs*iy <01 I’ol* ration. Uc. haft
shaken to piece tie* tyranny of despotism, ovei
the gouls and bodi-s, and • s’* es of :»!I F.iiiope.
—-I t was he who had li rat made the di t'ov iy ui
the # qua i'y of iiian ; Brel bad given an impuv
to the hherlicg of tin so States.
IT*- rxaminr d tile question of the rule of the
majo* ity—When men enter i* to s*i* icy, ilv 1111
f 101 ity Hie bound to acquiesce in t *e wilj of ih>
majority—nut to submit their whole soul, !> dv
and estate to their will, but when the pn lie
good r* qoir*-d i». He asserted, (hat a state o'
nature was > stablished by bist'iiical lec.riN,
and might at all events be readi'y roncr-iv* *1 t
exist Suppose, for instance, this . .,ui,t y ,Vi,„
is varied, and some of us citizens f]> to th*- v\ e»»t,1
A finds it bag of tuon y and retires to the Itocky
Mountains , II goes thither with fiit wife ; (j
with bis children ; I) witli hi 4 rifle; K ahoie,
etc. I hey meet together, and enter into a so
ciety, for a nation is nothing but a large family
of individuals. Tho fr st step they take is to
adjust the High! of Suffrage ; for suffrage in no
thing but the expression of the. w ill of the indi
viduals. He asked w hether A with his hag of
dollars, or li with bis rifle, or C wiib his chil
dren would have a right tun hugo-r share of
power on this occason. Mr. (J. showed how
untenable would be li e representations of each
of them founded upon such considerations , and
by a species of dramatic dialogue, be caused
one lu refute the claims of the other. F again
might urge, that he had nothing to bid 111 favor
of his claims ; but he fiad studied the language
of different tribes, and might become the inter
preter of the nation. Tims, each person over
• hrowt the pretensions of every other, until
they all finally settle down to the personal pre.
tensions and eyital right* of each.—He exam ut
eri also the position of Mr. Barbour, that under
the existing laws it seldom came to pass that the
majority does govern—that frequently', the ini
nority preponderates in trie election of member*
of the Legis atorc, and of the President of the
United Stales ; or ns the last and strongest case,
that one man on the jury can govern th* ele
ven. He contended that ifariy principle is t-•
be founded °n tinstone's, it would come to
this, thnt society whs Continually tending to
oligarchy or monarchy—first a decemvirate,
then a triumvirate, and finally one man, u C*
sar.
Having fhtm etamined fhe pothloni of differ
ent gpiillvinprt, he proceeded to mpport the
prop..among which he hitittidf hail laid down,
lie relerred to the atatiatlct of thi Suite, to
aliovv how the gam 01 loa*» of p<#wrr [more in
telligent to genilonujii th • n n»«*re m-i rm tion*[
would hi* affec . it l.y tU- Hep r of tile L* gis'a
live Committee, and by tl»c am* dment H»*
contendid, that the two eitr*met ol the Stale, j
the Tranamontane and AH *nlir pot lion I, would .
loae a< cmding to Ida pi inctp,* a. **!«» represent#
tiv, • out ol the ratio ol ttH'im-inhera ; Itioftheae,
the country, between tide. wi»te» and the Blue
Bulge, would glim 12. and tin* Valley country
14 I In Hiked in whose Iimiiu* could tliia aridi .
I ion III power oc jiihchi wm moi« secuii'y in-ii
in Ih«* middle country, whole siuiaiiou and oh ?
its were calculated to remove all fear trom to
two extreme district* Built would be Hhdxfied
that ilii. additional powershould be tianxieiied (
lo the hand* of iImiI middle count'v
I|e was sorry t<» find gentleman faking it for1
granted, that there in iio community of li g
between! different pari* of the tale. II "t
8 »rry lo *ee such duc'.riitas avnue I, mid Mich ,
pi in* iplc* maintained, i n tiiut men ore g v , n
ed hv interest, pecuuiniy mteiei hI ii< Wli.it
w(in the condition of tins Coiinii >*i \ hIiIi ,n |
iHld i Win your militia weie «n, gcd in;
local patrol*, who came to fight ynoi [no, Sir,
our] hauler / lie had inidurstood, lie' tt mi.
tnn neaily 1*200 cttiKena trout Sltenim.l
county alone >m I repaned to the seu hoard '<o |
your dcieitcc that a company ol voluateci I
ironi Co'pcfiei ll«- tv to the lioiitiers, and yet1
• here wnr tint more Ilian tinea hi the* whole
company, wini Win | n * * seHtu'd of the light d
Ii.eiiold. I low then can it he said, that there
is mi community of interest throughout the
citir« iin of Ho SJtate l
(•eiiiItju.en liave snid, ii h -basis of poptila
lieu .nut iMxa'ion In Mjt t ted, it w dl scatter di*
couteoi through the Suite. But do not gentle
men rccollec . t lint f it he adopted, n will also
piodiM * discontent among other ciliRrn--—mid
in • » tin- . onitiiutc the majority ot the people
—ami i* it .int heller to produce discontent n
motif (In minority than the majority /
Why should such respect ba paid to w« altli
* ue 1 IT reminded the Convention, that
hu.oiin alVairs were con inoally subject In mu
tinioii—i lie wheel of fortum was ever re vole in,
—Mint aristocracy wu* oiten blind to it* own
true interests,whiU it labored lo promote tiinii
ll Steph. i* (iuHid wn» to inii.'iate to Virginia,
with his 12 millions of dollars, Iih might d* pop
iilute a whole District, and on the principles id
these gentlemen, lie might he i• util1 d to appeal
•is (iih own repie*cnlativ e. But do |(ie\ ftrd
recolloct that by such a ionise they an viola i
ling Ihv rights ol then posh illy 7—Beside*,
has not eveiy nidi mao p lur tela ions, whole
rights lie is bound to < uuu'l ! When* lire all
the * ich fanilln * width o re iuhainted I »wei
Vnginm 1-Mu* in f the prosperity of tome ol
I In* vei% men now an mid bnn, (and a more re
spectable body of men could not be roilecte '
any where, become the spni t ol fortune, Mild
be reduced ton slate of poverty and wouio
not sound policy dictate that some nyuid be
paid to their political intnreds, and to the pro
lection ot their just and eipial lights *
Mr. Scott ol Fauquier, lose to ask for flie
leading ol the question before the i'onveiltiou
—which being done, lie proposed to amend the
amendment hy adding ' and hi tin Senate, to
white population exclusively. (The « Ifeci ol
this proposition would In* to apportion Ih
II oust of iJrltaulci by population and oiialiou
combined, and tin* Senate by white population
exclusively.)
Mi Stoti then remarked that If lie consulted ,
his own feelings alone he would have been
admonished by the at' acks of disease (which;
enfeebles the body, and doe** not nlwau spa <
tin* mind ,) and he would have retrained Iron*
joining iri controversy with <lm redotibtiibh
Knights of the I*' i Id- But lie could not n«id the
stioug iinpulso of duty 11belonged la a dis
trict, which bad not been in the habit of sing
iag hosannah* to the present Constitution—hot
In* was alraid if1h« repot I cl the Legislative
Committee war h adopted, our Western (Hi <
sens would prove themselves too mueh like Uo- 1
man Allies—and lie wii uhtimod at the conse
quences of such a proposition as they were now
advocating with so much zeal.
H> had thought Ilia' thu fro|l*woik of nb
sfructions bud yielded to Ibe genius of the
gentleman from Northampton, (,V|f Upshur)—
but with what success the genllcirnni from
Brooke had attempted to re-build it, it was for
die Committee lo decide. Why resort to ah
•tractions / why reason from abstract d iclflncs
of the lights uf mini/ The whole qiipilimi
resolved itself into a mallei of prai heal utilit*
— ini • tin? mere fitness ol means for the »*. i| —
What t onsil ution was lilted for the people of
Virginia t We aie lo enquire whether thin
prntiple of t In* j iim major in ought to b« eogrot
teil into this ("oustituuoa, as better calculated :
to effect ilu* great object in view, ine fii«t 1
thing we have lo do, is to call into operation as
mill h power as is necessary to pioduce ih
object in view, and then so to restrict if a* o
guard it from abuse The pieliminary rpiHstiou
then, in hh to the i/iiuntuin of power lo be given
—and the next os to wtiai restrictions may bv
iustituted a/aiiiHt its abuse.
Alt. r having adopted the division of powers
int i the different departments, wo mud Imve
oilier provisions, beiiues tins once btilrtacing
of one power against another. ( lit* leading
principle w should keep in view, is, when you
vent men with certain powers, so to regulate
P, •istoiTMkcil thu interest of the* agent* flot to
abuse it II it were riot for the want of su< h
gmitd , how comes H about, that so many ur
is'ocnscies have existed, and that so many
oligarchies have run into tyrannies ? (irnile
men have talked to iih of guarantees ; of tha
uarautee ol integrity, of honor, Ike. but Ilu re
is no guarantee, except that of sound interest
It is this pi iociptc winch constitutes the ri al
difference between aristocracies and dciiiacra
ties. It is because of the responsibility of Ibe
ag- ms to tlic people, inrmigli tlit-ir own inlet
eat; it n because tlirv are affected liy laws, in
whom cpn (-ipiiuics they ate tliereliy involve<l
—audit is-dsn liecaue hy discharging Iheir
duties, so Ms to satisfy tile people, they obtain
their own re-election, that representative gov
eminent! are to be maintained and preserved
This principle ul strung interest uni through
all the occupations of society. It is this Hint
nerves the soldier's arm, and inspires the po
et's genius. It is Ilia love of wealth or nl dig.
tiricuon. Shall We then pass this principle
hy f lie did not mean to charge gaiitlenieu
tiere with consulting their own limited interests
in the course they were pursuing—yet he could
not hot remark the maiveilous CO-ineldence,
which prevailed brtwven the principles and
infeiests of gentlemen on this floor. The q'teg.
lion then was, how the power to bn given in
this Constitution was to be so balanced as to
prevent abuse and oppression, lie rematked,
that the tendency of the proposition of the gen
tleinan war to throw the preponderating power
on the other side of the Mountain. And Mr.
S. contender! that it must he so—that the low
lands were nearly worn out. Where wasroom
to he found for the diffusion of an extensive
white population ? Kxeiptastiip ol land at
the base of the U'ue Ridge, there was no space
on this side ol the mountains, lor the extension
ol white -etdements, compared wi h the coun
try in tint Valley, and beyond the Alleghany
The lime itolie region al ine would requ re
an increase of white population, greater than
?
*11 the lowland*. fs ft flrtf etpfeied, too, that
the I* tfonmc and Ohio ('anal. if it succeeds, is
eipacked to fill that country with whit*- people ?
—and the calculation was, that the Drstnct of
Vngiiiia beyond the mountain, was des itied to
contain n majo rity of white people. In fact,
has not the no.t intelligent observer of that
country on tins floor, admitted if e fact. *
Have we not u right, then, to a gns/antea
against abuse from that sr, h »,?—w,«n m.»
pay n<> much greater a (import i hi id »• e tat
ro the treasury, and own «urh a sitsi r» f.her
of slaves, one of the fruitful nhj-tUjO' atioo.
Ir is said, indeed, tba* the V 11• * v country will
protect ii fro tit abuse and oppress , —because
n.» him ii v of t'»e slave hold. i« m ahitaots of the
v-hv. Hi: V| r S stated that the whces are
•h* rein pn.p rtr* n of four o one—where then
i* 'h protection they can o i * d us, hen the
War ol rotation c<»rn«s oil between the ilavo
holders and the non slave holders f IVi h alt
Ins isspicl for the W<»i'Mt people, and With all
Ins r <di * im: m t ••in. he could not consent to
give them so iinn 1 powet. wiih iot an nd qoate
guarantee, cot even fur tin present i me
tint, there i neither consideration which
sli »\vs the nece sity of a political guarantee ♦
Hr ii iv.' purchss I the epr« seutailoo ol 7 me in*
hers nl Coiiuii SH, out ol i! \ by iiichon ol our
• laves pnpnlalion. Are w« prepared to sur
rendei his influence which tre have thus nc*
qoiied t Ale gentlemen prepared to give m u
guarantee for 001 cnunnoing to enjoy this re
p" eniN ion, instead of Mu wing it into one
i <011111011 (mol ? Will flies place a irnai anv< e
hx it hi (Ik* Constituti'ifi—i an lin y pi n> it
tii i * , Hgr. entity t‘» tli•• Con inn i n of the
Untied Ht-drs t Cun you In* up the hands of
yotli legislature *—Are the git lit I emeu of (he
Knit ibeu pu p in tl in divide this po ilicnl
power ninotig ur brethren ol the YVnst T b or
one, Ml*. S. mini, flint • w m not.
It'd there w ti still nuoth»*< subject. Oti which
lIter pople oi l i' Kihi required • guann’ee
he referred t«* appropriation* for Julmna Jim
proveineiit. The ilifT--rent section* ol l!it
.State air as smugly mailt< d hv various infei
rsis, l»y geographic ' d ll' i *, He HIii*.
Iroted litis position a. gcr.i* U n. ih by a variety
ol’\i**ws, showing whai poitnular improve
me ill i'Im h section desire*. Crpin his reetpitu
laiioii, In* interred that (hey had separate
interests—m d Ibnvfote he wished, mat the *
intnre* s of the people mi tins nine of the
in itriifMin should not In* pm under the control
of (he western people, \\ hich had so mucii more
inagmtir* t objecif (u wi rend to than our own.
He contended also, that (ho farther West you
o,th« inure extensive and costly will lie these
iinpmv uiaiils He euumi*iHi«d the vaiious
objects oI the improvement* dt-ircd, with the
sums which have been actually expended -
showing w bat wns the style ol iinpron*
mcnf, contemplated by Him w ttriii cni7en»
and t» »w little attention had burn paid 10 the
iinptoveiiient oI Im own m cum. id country.
And ».e ask' d win (her with such (acts befoia
him, he could thing I co ■ hinting tiua gin
'lemon tii** guardians nl Hie |i111si•** ol his own
people. What he purposed, then, was to
'M'coi •• I ha in selves iigaioul evil, in obtaining
true Moose, leaving them m (lot pone mioii ot
Hr* oils* r bran* hoi the Crgislalon , regulated
by the principles which they had advoca
ted
Mr. Nil lor addressed the Commifce at
great length in lavnrof the White Han*. Ho
began Iry rental king, that if other gentlemen,
who had been accustomed to public debau*,
feel themselves utidar any turf of • mb arras*
tnenl in addressing inecium, what must he In*
situation, who was so li'lle in Ihc habit uf ad
dressing l.egi dative aSseoddies ? He staled,
that the amendment of ilia gentleman from
I'umpiier f \lr. Scott) hud only increased hit
• dip , lions to lira eriginal ainendiueiit, and Hit
a hole system which they advocate that gin
Hewn have contended lot the compound rn
ho, because wealth iiqmicM pi ot ection—witilo
ntheia have ndln red not to the vanablu stand
nrd ol win tilth. Imt lo a just, const* ■ and per
iiiftiicnt principle ol apporlioiiiiieiil He w>u
surpris'd to hear geri'leinan my, th • t (hate are*
no such hImIi*ii i itivatialda prim tph—lint
lie congi atolnted hiinsdl, dial even if gentle
men should succeed in blinking down all such
barriers, then* w s nuttier b ner which they
could mu v tleap—he meant the force oi pub
lic seiilirm lit — M x with tin! peofd and you
wjil find thum ndm'iing to (tie d. t ine, that
them joiity ought lo gntarn—il.is sentiment
pei vadi s urn society, even down to the hoys.
Ileicpnd ated the pursuit ol mere temporary
aap iliency, in opposition to principl f. li was
a dangerous doctrine—the plea oftyianls.
Hot il there lie any principles in goverumenr,
how aie they lobe discovered and ascertained *
As they him in other sciences, hy resolving
thing* info their elements. Gentlemen had
indeed ridiculed a .•'la c ol nature—hut sturdy
we were at liberty to assume it, for the. sake of
argument, juU as mathematicians have a right
to assume that aline may he di .two from any
given point. If then we suppose a state of
nature, how could a sm i I compar t be io-1i!ti
led but hy h m jmify i persons—Certain
ly gentlemen would not conic d it was lo lit*
established by a mni iny — ll<* quoted Mr. Jolm
l.orke to mbow that the octal compact wav
(mined by tin* maj »rity of the society. These
are not only weighty IrtllliS, bill they urn con
fir ,pi| by the opinions of the people—and he
is not a wire man, who wars against even
the prejudices of -ociety.— Jim gentlemen
wxk, if the majority am to giv un why
do not women and (iil.jrcn vote ? Ik* might
test outlie rep'y made to this urgumaut by
the gentleman If in lirook . Hut he might peg
the question as to the i ights ot women nano
titer'ground— that the I) ty nad mad wuineu
tender and weak, nod placed ili< m uudei tha
protection ol man ;«»nd that it was surely not
necessary to give women additional power—
as nature bad gpvm them powei over those
wlm were hi posse* • ton of po meal power.
Mi. IN contended, that It cutlcinen from
Northampton and llaimver had exalted pro
petty into a highc idol than *vei it had been
done before ; li at they tv i d tel it up in (ltd
Legislative llnll loworslii; n !
lie. contrnve led the p nitioi'i of Messrs.
Green and UpShnr, it s him length—and con
tended, that the giving o( power to tne rich,
was susceptible of gri. t ahsue—and that the
neb might freipirnllt pn«» laws, affecting the
poor more limit them* Ives.
He staled that the people of Virginia will
never agree In dm propositions of gentlemen,
it was never to be tolerated ibat now when they
ate approaching the period of redraft, we went
to he told that we must accept of it system worse
even that (lie present one. It tvat better to
bear the ills we have, than fly to rich a course.
We had better let the present yoke wear out
fas it must nearly be,) than to assume this new
yoke, which will be rlveftad to our necks.
The moral force of the people will never assent
to it—they were a rpiiet people, btit when rou
sed up, they would be found inesi-lible. He
would ask, why Virginia wb* deteriorating ’
It was not alone the incubus uf slavery—but it
was in a nia'erial degree, the frame of her go
vernment.—Why with so many natural advan
tages, lias she fallen below ihe Western States ?
He inslted upon it that a hatrid of change ta
ruinous to the suffeier. Like the Fliyjican^
who finds his patient getting worse, w« ought
to try some new regimen, fie concluded
with an appeal to tho justice of bis br«-n r< a—
the Weal would not be found ungntt'TuJk^ut