Lynchburg Virginian. [volume], November 10, 1836, Image 1

About Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?

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in tTOM,i.te. LYUCMlIljg, VIRGINIA, Till l»M» \ V TIOK* I *<;, \OY CVICK IO. I *:t«.
votj. ir—jvo. so.
II LKMS.
tr/*44 Thv fjfjHrhfynrg firginlan"
. ’n»efl tirio it !*" /•*. tit ? I per annum. ptn/nbtr in
i^Y ,Vw ptifwr will be discontinued, (but tit tie
c ■ #/i(/n of tin Editors,) until all nrrcuragt s an paid.
r^, | pi /;/,’77NE WE\Y\S* ir /// he insi rtt <1 at
hi) ends per square, (or less. I the fust time, and *‘7 4
for rlich continwince. '/'host from a disLnut
I fa ff(,id f,r previously to their insertion, unless the
yment be assumed by some responsible person in
illicit*s to the Editors must be i-ost p mi*.
tiXTWSJr/: SALE
OF
GOODS. GROCERIES. HARD
DR WARE. «kc.
FfMlK stock ol Merchandize of die ‘late IIkxry
I Itnnvv \, Jr., not having been disponed of rutirc*,
nK was anticipated, tin* Store house, which i» nearly
niNwiiv the Banks, will Ik* opened, in pursuance nl
°!loruier advertisement, on Friday, the 1st of July.
i«ti<i tin’ valuable assortment of (ioods offered lor sale.
^ I)v retail* or in lots to suit purchasers, for c \su, at
the most reduced prices.
The Kxccutor, vho is desirous of closing the bti
jiinossas soon as possible, is aware of the* necessity nl
olferinftgreat inducements to the public, in order fo
ha»tPU sales, and will expect to satisfy purchasers
ih.it dec ided bargains may be* had lor c ash. The
stock«*f (ioods is one of the most valuable and va
ried character, embracing uot only i large supply of
tin* principal Staple and Standard (ioods, but al
most everv article iu every line of business, const!
uitmc. in the fullest sense, a Fancy ami Variety
Store. There is in the* House but an inconsidera
ble amount of the (ioods which were on band two
vearj ago, whilst the greater part of the whole
arc such as have just hern purchased at Neu
Vurk. not cut or broken, and many not yet taken out
of tilt* boxes and packages. These Goods vveic
I,ought late in the season, while there was a pressure
lutlie monev market, after the mereliants were eliict
lv supplied, and sales consequently dull, so as pro
bably to cause a slight depression in prices. < )w ing,
also.* to the period gf which they were hmiglit, they
comprise the freshest import itious and very latest
ushi'ins. The commercial community is already it
; Iciveil.iu seme m«-istin*. from the pecuniary embar
rassment, under w’liieh, Irmn tempo, ary raeses, it lia>
Jnfelv labored, and it. as is generally autieipated, this
pressure is about to be followed by a general expan
sion of flip money and resout .*s c.fthc country, pri
ces will of course rDe, and tin* present moment will
be shown to have been the most favorable both to
customer*. and to those who bu v to sell again, for
luijiplving themselves w ith (ioods.
J.T. KNOWN.
F ret: u tor o f H» nry lirvirn, Jr.
C7* Country M, reliant?, a* well as those from
Town, are respectfully invited to call and make up as
ported lots flnd parcels of Goods. which shall be fur
uislicd on the most satisfactory terms. .
June 30 ts
NEW FAImJj ASJ2D WINTER
in OOBP&.
nV the ships Marmora and Ifarkt: "ay, just arriv
cd at City Point, direct t'rom Liverpool, w«
have received our importation of Hi ii iHi Drv (ioods :
3 bales Wilson's best Napt Cottons, white and
grey. Nos. 1 to j, verv cheap,
3 bales Point and London Dull'd Blankets.
1 do 0-4, IU-IU, 1 I 1 and 12-4 Rose,double Rose,
and \\ hit in y Blankets.
Some of these Blaukets are extra quality and size,
1 do rei I Paddings,
1 do white Silesian Flannels,
1 case Cloths and (’assimercs,
*4 do 3-4 and <1-4 Fughsh .Merinos,
I do I'nglish Fancy Prints,
I do Jaconets, ('ambries and Checked Muslins.
\\ e have also received a portion, and shall receive
in a few days, the remainder of our stock of other
foreign and Domestic, Staple and Fancy Dry Go. Is.
imported from France. Cur.niy, Inland, Italy and
Switzerland this season, and bought in the Northern
markets by our partners, F. J. S. James tV. Co.
by the package. 'They consist in part of
I case Coarse Satmetts, very stoat.
1 do assorted do from fine to very fine Plain, j
Plaid and Striped,
1 do Glenrock Jeans,
1 do tj-4 Foiest Cloth and plain col'd. Linseys,
1 do 3-4, 7-8 and 4-4 Plaid Linseys.
*4 bales and cases brown and bleached Domes
tics, 3-4, 4-4 and (>-4,
IU do Petersburg and Manchester Cotton Ozna
burg No. I and 2,
Flanuels, Ibexes and Fries,
Carpetings and Hearth Rugs, assorted qualities.
Plain. Plaid and Damask Merinos, very handsome,
Black (»ro He Paris and other hustings.
Plain and figured Gro dc Naps, I a beautiful as
figured aud plain col. Challys, fj sortmeut,
Plain and figured white and colored Bobinets,
Splendid figured white Satin xud Challys,
do Striped Gauzes for p»rty dresses,
Gauze, Silk, Challv, Merino, Wooll n, Valencia,
and other Fancy Handkerchiefs ami Shawls
3 cases American Fancy Prints,
Fluid Domestics, Furniture and Apron Cheeks.
Toilinet. Velvet, C'ilk ami Valencia Vestings,
forded, Plaid ami Striped Cassimeres.
Together with many other articles, making our as
sortment very complete and desirable. Our friend*
and the public are respectfully solicited to exam
ine our stock.
JAMES C. HINT &. Oo.
Sept. 2ti
REAL ESTATE FOR SALE.
fN p.irsunuce of tlio lust will and testament of
■ Isaac llowc, dec’d. tin- undersigned will pro
ceed, on the premises,on Saturday the 12t!i of No
vember, to sell at public auction, to the highest
bidder, for cash, the House and Lot ofgroiind,ad
’°inii*E the former residence of said Howe, near
Republican Spring.
HENRY DUNNlNGTON,
S(rg't nf the Corporation of Lynchburg,
onil as such, adm'r. of Isaac lloirr, rlrc’d.
Oct. 12 ' tds
$40 ItHWAKI).
'N \\V.\Y from the subscriber, in Salem. Hot -
^ etourl count v.ashort time since* the following
Negroes:
or STEPHEN,
years old, 5 feet S or it inches high, clothing
nut recollected. ! purchased him of Mr. Temple
in an.of Kichniond, who bought him ot Mr. W ib v
Mann 0f Amelia county.
u o SAM,
*'1)01,1 d() yesrs old ,*fi feet 1 or inches high, not
v''> black, but rather yellowish complexion. He
!Vis PUrcha8ed of the widow Landon Carter, of King
'it orge county.
I H ill give $20 reward for the apprehension ol each
t ie above negroes, so that l get them again.
IK \ JKTEK.
C?* The Richmond Wing and Fredericksburg
_reua are requested to insert the foregoing adver
office'ftnt °ne month’ :tr»d send their accounts to this
Salem, ()ctol,er 27 3*
il 4 CLOTHING.
0-4 r,'/.LED Cloth, very heavy.
pi_- i d-4 do do
HP;,'vy'pJllain '-inseys.
Blank.,, £n?r"l,’v"-v cl“’;'l>.
•1,11 descriptions.
Oe*ber‘w ROBINSON & ELLIOTT.
'* IS
I *JT A liAIUlK STOCK OF FALL
OCO.OJ, at rodusod puces.
I j*1'*' p*'r' '“’'I- Putirr stork of I ',ill
" tutu-(i„oiU, mill I III I li ivr in, uoumi il
j licmy Ntmik on In,ml. in c.hhpiiup,,,, „l ivliirl,. I
Will vrll. at vrry ininrrii pnrrv. far rash ; |,n.s,m-.
! " til supply llirmsoivrs ..mv .irlivlrun mv
| '"'I'- *"} l‘UI, 11 1,1 Oirii mtri'-M 1,1 J;nr on- ;i cull,
j •'« . •nil ilrlri Iiiinril t., rr.lurr mv stork by mvllmt; it
" sm!"1 " ri \ c'r;it portion of mv Gooil.
« rro ptirrhin.nl brlbrr thr lulp ;n|v ;mpp. nml prm
"jiillv lor cnsli, vvhirli niilm rs uir to lirlirvt; tlt.it.
"imp will po ,Wily ilisg;,tis(ipi|. Unit limy Uvor mr
i wilfi a call — J n ill take pleasure ill exhibiting iu\
( Bonds to all who may wish to bey. The following
I mils .i lew ol the article*, comprising mv stock :
Blur, Black aud Bancy Col d. Cloths \ Cas<i
meres,
Sntrinetfs of all kinds, \cry cheap.
INr*ntnekv Jeans, a handsome article for gentlemen's
wear,
I !• i \ \ U nolens fm Nr g men, from .‘17\ ,o (d rents.
Napped Cotton, (Wilson's.)
Linseys, Plain and Striped, $ and 1 I,
Blankets. Bose an.I \\ hitncy, very large sizes.
Bo, Dull'd and Twilled, cheap.
Do, do very large, for Tent Covers,
Circassians, a very large stock—verv low.
Do, Damask, a new and beautiful article.
Swiss Muslins, plain and figured,
Bolmiet, do, plain and figured,
Jackont l Mull, and Book do.
Caiiiluieks, plain and sniped,
• •aces, I noting and Kdgings, good assortment.
Libbotis, a large supply, some very handsome,
Bonnets of the latest sty h\ and Artificicl Blowers,
CtirrMl Hats ami Caps, a large assortment, cheap.
Shoes, a large supply,
(•cutIcuicii'h and Ladies* Cloaks, (verv cheap,) to
gether with a large assortment of Ciroccries, besides
othei article too tedious to name.
J MU'S I*.. IIOKNKU.
P. S. ! will give a liberal price for Country
Jeans, Domestic Socks and Wool.
j \s. u. noxnit
X o v. 7 t s
ay.N'KI.MiX Ivl.MIK MGII would respectfully
"J inform their customers and fin* public eem*
t'-dly, that they are no** opening a general assort -
• uent o| Staple and Fain \ Hoods, selected in the ci
tie> ut .New X oik. I’hiladelphia and Baltimore,
’.\ hieh will he offered at prices that e imiot I ni to give
' ihsl, < tnni. Also, a splendid assortment ol Ladies’
I 1:1 Capes, Collars and Dowurull’s. and (ieiitleiio u’s
I m Caps, from S 2 .“»() to S*Jd, the finest excrolVeu d
in this market.
Mat matnif.irturiiig in all its various branches still
carried on at their old stand.
November 7 11.1
TS-.N MOLL VSiS REWARD.
TRAX Ml or stolen from my stable, a small
* ’ light hay llorse. 'l he prominent marks which I
re‘collect, are a white hind-foot, (left I think.) a star
in l.is forehead, a wart over his left eye. with marks
of recent in jury sustained from a Saddle. The sum
of ten dollars will he given for Ins delivery to me in
Lynchburg. JAMES L. BROWN.
No\e in her 7 *Jt .
LAND FDR SALE.
IN pursuance of a decree of the circuit superior
court of I iv\ and chancery, for the town ol
Lynchburg, at its ()< tober term, lSk», in the c ase
of J. A J. Me R i y Holds, plamtitls, against Join F.
and Stephen Renow and otheis, defendants; the
undersigned, ShenJi of the county ofC aiuphell, will
proceed to sell, on the premises, hv way of public
auction, for ready money, on Wednesday the ?th of
December next, the Tract of Land in the said de
cree mentioned, now rented to and in the possession
of Ohadiuh Reed, about 3 miles below Campbell
court-house, lying on both sides the* main road lead
ing to Charlotte count v. containing VlOO acre>, mote
or lest, and adjoining the lands of Merman Joidan,
Thomas Walker and others.
SACKVILLE KING. Sheriff of
Cninj'hell county.
Nov. 7 t7D
STOVES! STOVES! STOVES !
■ 1ST received, a large assortment, and for sale
•J low. 11. B. RICHARDS, A* Co.
Nov. 7 ts
APPRENTICES WANTED.
fllHE subscribers wish to get two boys to lea in
I the Tanning and Currying Business. Bovslmtn
the country would he preferred. They will also
give constant employment to two Journeymen.
ROE A RENWICK.
October 3 ts
JOHN II. FLO Y l>,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
n.\S opened an OtTice for the location ol Lands
in the States of Arkansas and Mississippi, lie
will attend with promptness and punctuality, to all
business put into ins hands, and will see that the first
quality of lands is secured for those w ho may employ
; him to select them.
Helena, Arkansas, September 1 3m
(ty5* Letters addressed to him at Helena, Arkansas,
w ill be attended t«».
II ATS.
| CASES Fashionable Hats,
& ■ \ujougst which are every variety of style and
price, froifll) shillings to the finest quality tiianu
jfactured. ROBINSON A ELLIOTT.
October *s
NOTICE.
\ LL persons having rlaims against tin* estate
1 V. of |)r. IN C. Cabell, deceased, will present
them for payment, and those indebted to the es
tate w ill please come forward and settle* as I wish
to settle the accounts of the estate as soon as pos
sible. CEO, CALLAWAY, Aft.
New Glasgow', Nov. .‘J ^l*
i >Y virtue of a decree of the Circuit Superitu
M9 Court ot Law and Chancery, lor the county ol
Amherst, pronounced on the !Sd day id .September.
Hliii, between Charles Davis, plaintiff, vs. I’hotuas
Davis, defendant. I shall offer for sale, a tract ol I and
' in the county aforesaid, on Otter f reel,, containing
one hundred and ten acres, near the residence nt
Lindsey Davis, at public auction, for cash, on the
premises, on the Ur1 ill tlay of November next. ill*'
1 and lies within two miles of James lima.
THOMAS N. KLILANK, Sheriff.
October 'J7 lU
THE lOVI^G-STON HOXHIi,
rflDK subscribers hiving pitrebased the tavern
8 near the Courtlioi’se. in the town of Loving
stoti. her, lotore occupied by ( ol. Charles I ciioiv,
beg leave tu inform the public generally, that they
wifi make every exertion to please those who may
Vail upon them. The house is large and convenient
and will he neatly lilted up. Servants shall heat
tentive. Table and Stable supplied as well as the
eottntrv can afford, and the Deciding shall he ol the
fust order. In line., we will endeavor to keep a house
worthv of the public regard. The line of Stages
which passes through this place, stops at this house,
and passengers shill be furnished with everyaccom
modation. We therefore solicit the public patio
lia.re. lll.NKV S. PKYTON.
WM L KIDD,
I KKDKIMCK S. rnVTDN.
August 1,1
co n n ua iciriov
SIM l .ril or \(’I I I LLKS I). JOHNSON,
I** 1>h t f )c ('cn'nil Igr cultural Society mid J/r
rhunii s’ Insti utc, nf f.ynchbw g, mi Mr *?7M
Octubtr, IS hi.
J/r. / 'resident mid (tenthincn ; — In tm anti
« ipalion-* ol lln* pt s • <t occasion, I li iv • regar I
«■ * I •! as the development ol uncut tin* mn>t impor
tant etlortH ever liiHtle bv tin* people of this \i
cinitv, to improve tlieii iii.livnbi.il interests, ,m.|
elevate their so rial condition.— I have looke I to
it, expecting to witness a strong expression of the
purposes ami objects of an insti tut ion, w liirli may,
in tin* gradual e\etcisc and disclosures ol ns ener
gies, become eminently beneficial, not only to iu
mentbets, but to all those embraced williiu tile
sphere ol its influence,-—an institution wliich h is
lor its incentive the hope, an I fur its object no
thing less tli in (Iu* actual enjoyment of moral
power and intelligence increased, and of public
and private wealth promoted — an Institution in
whose operations all the members u| the cominu
nit \ w hicli it pi opuses to represent, art* alike inter
ested—the lichas well as the poor—ilw* merchant
and tradesman .is well as the propictnr of land and
the I nni laborer. Other soci Mies hive been in
stituted among us for bonev. lent and religious pur
poses, and we have witnessed their benignant in
lluence. They have found siilficieiit lavor with the
public, and zeal in individual philanthropy, not
only to dispense their blessings in their vicinage,
hut to >end them abroad into distant lands, opeia*
ting like an unknown agent to tin* temporal
and eternal happiness of the poor and degraded.
I’l.ev have not asked in vain for the public pat
ion.in*. 1 hoy have lived through years ut con
hnuunco, triumphant over i vei \ <1 i(Vtcitlty inciih ot
to the progress of such iiiMilulious, mi l are still
the objects of the C'pucial regard ol a genurous
and enlightened public. ^ et tin* pi rsons compo
sing them have had no direct personal interest in
their operation*5, other than that o| tie* gialilirn
lio:t of a Christian and benevolent conscience.
Shall this *ocietv then. In* Milf-re.l to languish,
and ! tnguisin^g, iod"'» b\ : u i s i e i ti*l11:’«• 111 pub
lic, which cdmidilea e' it" elements every fee line,
which aspires to noldt! v Mdj and philanthropic
dee'ls ? Proposing as ii does, 1° *M,,l u,,b ell* « I
the same nre.it results which apportn..'1 *° ‘itli'u
associations, hut also to promote tin* morn ‘
physical happim*"* and pruspeiitv of each and
every individual belonging to it ;—to improve
our own domestic condiiion, while we are gath
ered. arjund our fne sides, enjn\ing or enduring
our pi ivate feelings, and lurtil vin • tin in against tin*
cares and ills of lift*;—nil to elevate our moral
power and respectability abroad, while we extend
our transactions for private or the general good ;
shall it dissolve for the want ol public feeling in it'
ly'half’? Shall we, at the very llireshhold of tan
usefulness,— nay, shall we ever lin n our ryes from
tilt? noble and beneficent ends we have in view,—
from the necessities for improM iuebt which fire
sent themselves on every lull and \ull*y of our
country—and our ears Irom that mingled voice
of honorable self-interest a d pati iotism and mo
lality, which cries tons fr m our abused soil, in
voking us to deeds ol regeuei itedlile, ami live and
die w ith the smallest pittance Ioi tair labor, and with
slavish poverty consigned to our cluldrt n l .Mr, Pre
sident, there can he hut one answer to this signifi
cant question. No. 1 set* it written on every
countenance, and engraved in I oh less characters,
as 1 trust, oil every lip. I see n n solved in eve
r\ smile belore.me, which e\iuce* thu determina
tion of all, as wall other citizens as inemhers, to
cherish this institution, as a talisinauic germ ol a
new prosperity and a new lile ; an tin* beneficent '
organ through which the moral and physical means, '
so bountifully bestowed by a guardian Provi
dence, is to operate to our exaltation in the scale
of being.
It has hern objected to the continuance of this
Society, that towns of the magnitude ol this, are
unfavorable to such institutions, from their com
mercial character ; and that (lit? people of this
place, in particular, were too much devoted to
the pursuits of trade, to join us extensively in
the prosecution of our great and good enterprise.
Where are the numerous—the* hundred associa
tions of a like character, which have been institu
ted throughout the broad expanse of our coun
try, and are dispensing their blessings in their
various communities, to the advancement ol
every interest ? They are in Petersburg , in
Fredericksburg, in Charlottesville, in Winches
ter, in Washington, in Baltimore, in Phila
delphia, in New York, in Albany and in
Boston, and the many other emporiums of
trade, whose commercial transaction®, to nut's,
would ineasurn as the century to the unit. Where
are tin* Met ( hauls, thu Mechanics ol this place,
who have slept forward already in contribution to
this Society, and who promise vet to aid it, by their
energies and their money, in a ten-fold ratio l
They »rc hurt-—now piescnt—and 1 lit- approlia
i ion which flx*% manifest of our proceedings, sure
ly promises that they will not falter it ml fail in the
undertaking lo v lire It they have r.inirihiited by
I tlieir unsolicited membership and means. The
| Society, by its name, does tint imply it to lie an
exclusive agricultural institution—having a con
tracted view tit the advancement ol a single class
1 of citizens. I Is energies are aimed at a widet
range—embracing the interests ol that great trie
of professions which form the body of every com
munity—the Farmer, the Merchant, and the Me
chanic. Nor are the members of the learned pro
fessions—the Scholar, the Lawyer nr the Doctor
—severed ill interest Irom its influence and de
moii*. All classes, and every member of them, il
not equally, are in some wav interested, as citi
/cns,ill its operations—and die man wlie could look
upon the exercise of its energies and its objects,
without feeling in his private mind one w ish for ils
success, must lie destitute id the feeling ol ail or
dinary moralist and patriot. fin! even if it did so
iinI>Iv, it follows, from its natuial tin.I unvarying
n il lencies, that all classes must lie measurably
j ..tilted. It is an axiom in political economy,
dial a licit soil constitutes the only solid, lasting
basis of the wealth, the population, the prosper
ity of every community.—It is indeed the rock,
which preserves the temple of a nation’s glory
fro i mouldering and decay—and which saves a
people from the tempestuous im|oietodes of pov
erty and want. Republics, kingdoms, empires,
all flourish "r decay, according as their own or
oilier soils are abundant or contracted in their
bounty—and large and numerous cities, which have
ever constituted a nation’s proudest boast, are fed
and supported from the productions of smile fa
' ynred soil, w hich gives out its generosity under the
intluence of pastoral industry, and the glorious
light of Heaven and of science. A yeomanry
wealthy in the fertility of land—intelligent in the
-cietteo which is applied to it—and lolly in their
political hearing, in the pn n rv.ilioi. o| liberty an I
peace, are evei attended by tin* other classes ol
e*it i/.mis, also we althy, enlightened ami tree. i’Im
circle ol toeir iiiMuem e presents an impre nahh*
! hariieriei internal eoiiun<eiioii ami leireign agges
sion, -111*1 hiejs I !h> stoi III of city \ udefi e aild e ivil
• ii.• i «*h\, In- siilh I heir very prosperitx is a safe'*
( u I ,i 'iiiint the exits ami eiiors ol g«»vetnment,
and remlt-rs indeeel all hut that small p* r um ol
beneficence in complicated law, nieasiirahlv uii<
1 neressat \. Seeing such irsults (lowing |V«iin a
prospei mis <i hi enli. htened «grmill tire1, ami the nut
nr il and pm posed n ndrn< v emanating from this
Society to sen h n it mini ami individual felicity, so
I ir as its power and menus in a v ext«*nd it, whine
is the individual who could server his feelings
Imm if, ami hecom • iis ili'vofeel, or even listless
e• i)«*inx ? I leign ludievn that everx one pre
sent is re iily to respond in Ins relleciions—
w here?
I have said that tin* ill* rchauls id* this place,
in their honor, have* cnntrihiiteel lo thisc .Sn
rielv by tluur stihsrt iptions. \ie not man ol
them, indeed, >till limit xitallv interested in iis
purposes and results 1 Some of them are pmpri
e * t ors of extensive la iieled estates, which lie in this
unmeeli ite x innilv —and tIn*\ no not only propri*
(tors, in the Old \ irjnin siuim* of the* —hut
they are improvers ol tin* soil—having that object
iis much at heart, ostensilil\, as their conimeirial
transactions :— mil they are not only improvers
in the mere physical means which they apply—j
tlie'v are encouraging, with a strong energy, the
application of science* to the first and the best oc
cupation of mao. riie*v are contributing laigrlv
to tin* circnlatiitn of useful publications having lor
their object file dilfiistoti of inoial mteliigem e in
a grin ill tire* ; and to the inti nil tie I uni ed 'exolie- plants
ami aiiunaU, into mu soil, wliuli mav < onh ilmto
!• out prosperitv .is alarming |>**d|»!i*. Tin \ have,
indeed, already rivalled many of those whose na
tal profession was in the cultivation of the earth.
I w ill not insult them, then, h\ uttering a doubt as
to Ihr.ir coniimiauce in the honoialde itudi i taking
in which they are engaged.
\ mou" the various means which a"iiculture is
seeking for its a I vancement, the publication of
omuls by scientific and practical men, in
• i v, mineralogy, chemistry, and in the com
mon cultivation of tin* .soil, is one ol the most
promiii of mi l important. Hut a few ve ns have
elafis dsime a .loin mil, devoted lo the unpiove
im lit of husbandry, was almost .1 phenomenon in,
,.ur countiy. Now, the emanations of the press,
on this V,! ;ind |oi»« IP'gl' ‘ led interest, me cir
culating in every legion, an- v.Meuding their iu
tluenee to every door. T l»eV n.»vC crented an im
pulse in favor of agriculture, to which jlu* J>‘ddh
weia* before iilicmisciotiM; and the philo,nj'hv
which they are mingling with till the opera
lions of the farmer, is an ample surety that the
people of the counti y, of ev rv class, are heller
understanding tin ir true inteiests — that they me
appl\ ing the true spring to the ou!\ sure source of
profit—(h it that paramount and ever-liv mg sotu .«•
is improving, 01: *i 11 to he improved, and will im
prove, to thi1 inappie 1 1 hie advanceuieiU of in Ii
vidual wealth and virtue — aye, sir—I sav virtue
—and of national lelicitv. I'hrough these we
look, as through a spectrum, at the past, and see
the melancholy and mollifying effects of cen
tury-i ivetted uegleet ami mismanagement—at
the present, on our own country and on other
1 lime* and people, seeing the impulse which his
bei 11 given t>» this science, and the bountiful rc
.'iilfs it h is produi ed—and lo the future, seeing the
vast scene of prosper!*v still magnified, ami with
some die.mi ol the still more* glorious ends which
may hi* nrlived at by posteniv, by the revolution
w hie Ii is working in the leelmgs ol man tow aid
tins great means of ea'lldy happiness. And yet
there are men, perhaps within the purlieus of this1
Society,—who will sav, it is nonsense In lead «>
Imut agriculture. Why, sir, I had thought that a
mutual interchange ol men’s reflections, was the
only source of intelligence in any thin •. \\ e have
not been constituted with the feelings ol hermits ;
and an agricultural book or journal is nothing more
than the intelligent • and men! d operation* ol ma
ny, presented it* 11. in our private moods, when we
can commune with others, and not to lie distmh
ed. Hut even such men, themselves, are not her
mit* in feeling. They converse plentifully with
those who do derive solid informal ion from the pub
lications of (lie lime, and thus obtain the intelli
gence gratis which they would olio 1 wise have to
pay lot with si pittance. With what face, then,
do they attempt lo derogate from the value ot this
gre.it means ol pastoral improvement, by .saying
ih.it hooks are useless? ] regard these, then, sis
one of the gn at moral instruments bv wlnrb we
are lo improve our rural economy ; and the mem
bers of this Society should read—not merely to
encourage the publications of the day, hut to he
encouraged ami enlightened by them. (apology, j
miner.ilog v, and chf nu%tnj especially, are begin
ning to be felt, among every farming people, to be
important requisite* in the skillful selection of
soils lor cultivation, and in their profitable culture
—and of late it lias been the great object ami
recommendation oftlie periodicals ol the day, to
teach the public mind some knowledge of them, in
a plain and simple language, which those who
run may read and understand. It is not pretend
ed that all should become r!a>sirs in these, bran
dies ol science—but that all should understand e
noiigh of them, to know their propel application
to the art of tillage. I’eihnps some, w ho now hear
me, might he surprised, wen? I to tell them, that,
by a limited proficiency in the knowledge ul the
formations ol the earth,liom its superficial appear
ance, they would never err in the selection ol lands
—and that by equally as little in the vital science
of chemistry, they would never fail oftlie desired
results in tlu? application of manor.?s.
\imtlnr t'lt'ai nii Hiis for thr miprovcnn m of
agriculture?, t< tin- olevafion of iis character, in
coiiipurihon \vi111 tli.it ofotlirr professions, li must
he awakened from that long sleep «>f oppression,
in which it has l.iid, from thu times of the eailiest
patriarchs, beneath tin; weight of otiier profession*,
which, hy the prctferenci! ot mankind, have con
signed it to the me.in and serv ile. II islorv lias
given its ample intelligence "t all the other inqmi tant
operations ol men ami nation:-—Innv empires
have risen ami fallen In decay—first bloated with
royal piide and ignoble conquest—iIimi crum
bling away beneath royal pride humiliated, ami
the sword ol anarchy or id relalistorv invasion:—
how walled and regal < ities have nbsoi lied all of a
naiion’s vice, ami luxury, and wealth—then boil
ed upon the world like a volcano, overwhelming,
not Herculaneum and i'onipeii, but even popular
servility or liberty itself—or sunk beneath the
ruins of their own folly : — lm,v men have lived
and passed away, proud only in their servile rHi
lary or sycophantic setvice ol kings, popes, and
! priests :-—how philosophy itself has lived, nour
ished, and died, and no portion of its beneficence
i applied to th at branch ol industry, upon which a’l
llivu been supported—which lots fed all—clad all
—and Inn yet hern abused, neglected and (Jcffpis
•'d* Hut hufon is silent, or mostly so, as to that
'science which if is the object «»I the present—a
more enlightened and popular-ill liking e, to
| cultivate and n.lvn ice. Hhe iufeience i-., that
it has ever been repudiated by the great, as being
| a m i vile employuienl md that if Ins ever been
! confined f.» tli.it portion of mankind, who have
been the mere in* iiunteiiK nt a mure tiouorahle
inntioul. li must then he n % t veil Irom its ignoble
•dumber. It is reviving — -tint u must rise still
higher ill flip public esteem, to serum it* merited
position. It must call t'mili the rich in its lodtalf;
*—il must reci ive the indelible impressions ol phi
losophy, in ti e application of* il* never-Var\iug
truths ;—if must « <1111111 md tin* fostering ntfe itiou
of politicians and statesmen in their legislative
' '"Idles ; in I above all, it must ha\o .!„■
impress oftlnit general moral intelligence, which
is cultivated in other proles ions, and which
" ill secure lor it and its votaries, 1 lepotutimi
as tr inscendaut as it U im riled ami important.
I erli ips I sh ill lu* told, at this point, that men,
Irom their love of money, will mu allow that oc
cupation to he honorable which U not compara
tively profitable. I nit I s! 1 ill aim’ll, md regret
that such has been ton much the tend*-nry <»l 11 -ilt.
lie opinion, since man began his history. Hut I
reply, au I assert, fe.iidess ol rout rad ic I i on, that
I'irmiiig is the only sure and lasting means ol u<
cjn»rin• * wealth—th.it the propi ienunhip n| land
is the only sinr loiindalioii of private and the ge
neral weal. \ 11 other vocations, in limes ol na
tional convulsion* or mohhish violence, are a
•nere fiction. I hey fade a wav as mere vapor
helore the breath of the whit I wind. In the com
merciil world, which, at ever-returnin'! periods, is
clnil nlerized by h I • • ated spec 111 a t i in, the merest
hiee/f of distrust will sh ike the Whole system,
uni ill* application of 1 hank probe will deplete
•he mass ol obesity to a mere skeleton. Mutual
confidence is suddenly deslinved, from a r» volu
tion in some great market, or from a counter
inoveim. iit ot same great corporal inn ; and the
hexoni ot adversity nweeps over town mill eltv,
leaving Ini t the scathe ol ils desol.itinn 1o ilia rk its
rcnirsi*. It ink ereilit ami individual security am
sunk beneath the runviil-botis of trade ; an I gieiit
wealth and proud luxury h o not unfieipientlv dis
possessed of thrli fistneiB •«, In Imiiililo wrelrli
eijnexx and withemd poverty. Mat these convul
sions reach not the pioprietorx nl the land - m
il they do, hut partially in comparison to tin*
merchants and tradesmen who have been their
victims. / hr if stand, like the forest on the mar
gin of the tornado,—shaken, but not piostiated
w imp, hut not despoiled of their branches, or their
ten intrv in the soil.
Perhaps ] shall he told laither, that the law of
hv.'-'-.sMtv, produced hy a demo population and
a rou$et|'ient im r« tsed consumption, is the onlv
inthience which can improve our system of I.lim
ing. To this, | again admit, til it till* great sjuing
ol limit.in action hnsnl,vn\s been too mm It wait
ed lor and embrarrd. In Kurope, I admit, il ha*
done much m the multiplication of agiicullm.il
productions, lint there the laboring portion id
the population—the peasantry,—cannot gel away.
Il tl »e\ could, they would contend with vmi here,
lor the tight of property in \ our soil. let im
w ait to he governed alone hy this *1 a visit principle
ol improvement, and the v dh v of the Mississippi
Will have eoeeived all the hone wild *mmhiv m| our
population. \\ lien that i fill* d, there is \e| place
lor civilization and indtMis beyond the |{nckv
.Mount tin«.
Mr. Pri sidenf, F will not dismiss this hr.nch ,
ol my subject, without adverting to one
more means which i> cah td.ited to give a moial
impulse to our /igi icultme. It is the prosper! of 1
having those great wanks ol internal improvement,
w I.;. I. h a\e alieady been < eminent ed or purposed, ]
and which promise to increase the lacililies and
security, and to diminish the cost id cnmeninica- 1
tion and transportation to market. Them* chan
nrls of trade, wo have said, have already been
begun, or are contemp'nted, with some certainty
that they will he ho. Should we not, then, pre
pare to meet their demands, and to enjoy their
beneficence, by a timely and eucogetic improve
ment in fhv cultivation our lands, and the ron
seijiient multiplication of their productions ? Men
may indulge in splendid dreams as to the i iso of
town property and landed estates—and tlm in
crease of men .)utile transactions, «m( posed to he
consecpient oil these works,—hut their only true
objects and merit are in tlm improvement of the
(joantilv and rpiahty ol the i leal pmdiiclioiu* of
file soil, secured not Im dreaming, loit In
actual labor, administered in the most scieutifu
moments «»| life. It js true, they give an impulse
to the value of lands even before they are nut
Airucted—and it is natural that lin y should do so.
Hut it remains w ith the farmers who are to be af
fected by them, to continue and incri use that im
pulse—to make il ever-durahh* and Htdi taiili.il,
by increasing the moral and physical power of
cultivation, and the consecpient augmentation ol
production and consumption. 'They cannot live
upon a mere visionary stimulus in property.—
They are like the hands which made them—claim
ing for their support a continually advancing pro
duce of tin* soil. The merchants m tly pay lor
them, w hen c oiistt acted by individual entei prize.
—'The farmers,then,should ' turn the beneficence,
hv keeping them alive and vigorous, under tin* be
nign influence of agricultural science and labor.
Tin* people? ot Virginia have yet ati abundance ol
land—li itm , as well -is such as ran hr unproven
l»y a few vearsnf skill ami indiMry. Twice—
aye live times the piesent population nnv vet he
supported on it. Shall they, then, —w ill tlity,—
sever themselves limn the charms ol native socie
ty and of kindred — from as pure a climate as ev
er breathed j:s balmy breath in the vale of Tem
po or of Italy,—and Imry themselves in the Far
West—seek in.' a new Imtiuie and a new life—and
perhaps prematurely to end both?
T'i coir hide thi> part of n»v subject, I will read
an extract from one ol the most useful publications
of tin* day, which sets the positions I have partly
attempted to elucidate, in the clearest light. It i»
h no the pen of one of the most distinguished far
un is and civilians of New York, and is piTTdished
ina periodical work u hit h l would recommend to
all to take and read. It is the “ Cultivator,” *
printed in Albany, and costs hut the small pit
tance <d’ fifty -cents a year :
41 Land and labor are the legitimate sources of
public wealth. 'Flu* first, to he productive, most
becullivated ; an I the labor ol doing this is abridg
ed by the culture) of the mind, which is to guide its
9 I would not here he understood as wishing in
encourage foreign publications to (lie exclusion of
those of our own State. Thu Farmers’ Ifegister,
published m Petersburg, by Ldiuuiid Kuffin, is an
invaluable work—and ought to he on every fanner's
tabb . Mix learned and excellent essay on Calcu
j icons Manures ought to read by all. Besides these
then* are many other farming periodicals in our
Stn'e, w inch greatly deserve to be encouraged.
|>o rut it m*. Ilm |Nlior not onlv procure* wealth
• Mi l ilie eumlorisnnd vhignmies of hie, but n in
1 mi *, wliin niileil bv nn intuligvmt mind, sober
il It.iliiN, mid bug. i* independence of mi ld at
well a* nl for line, tdleire**, not industry, i* rim
li in-nl ol Vic itndnlri.il. I ni, mieh., i..biin*iner
'I " •» " I" 'l* nnoi Iriv.-I. Industry look* lot fortune
I " ^ I’■ "Iilw nl n* I II,ot ; nml lor the enjoyment
... and qniot nl sucioiv, and rim
""""'I |r,,spei itv of I lie Mule; nml tend*, by rt«
e\iini|ile, In elevnie nml reform. Nobler »a
ii". Il'gi-iil iiiilmdu.il, n.n u well it,do*.
ii","* Community, me |,nm„ n, mingle in ilm
v" 1 ' a'"* I'limill* nl llie day. ileneii tin, more
mu ll,nem e we infuse mlu inhnr, ilm nmrn a
iliimUnt w,ll Im ii* product.*—lliu more huim
r.i 1>|<: ii* , idling—ilm mum numernn* n* suli*
|,'*‘tw—nod lli<* sounder lliu eoiidilmn uf piibiic
nnir.,1*. Km,nledge nml industry cuniiiined, d uur
*y mmiiimo* with vnlue, uieui lensi n pretty good
imliculimi ,,| worth nml usefulness. Should nor,
tin*,,,, il,e imhlie uiiinl l,e muic enlightened, that
vnlne fll„\ none ubouml.
“ I" '• k,n' I'Uinenl constituted like our*, which
confers nn .,11 11,,- .. pulilifnl rights—ill* sunn,
I n ilines Im pulilir mslruciion slmulil ho emended In
nil, ill'll .ill m iv ulike |imr(ii-i|i.iIe in tlie*r advnn
Inge*, nml liecoino i|,i;,||li„d lo exmule the public
iiust*.--And ilii- propriety nl tins role derives pni
I'O'liir tni'ce, when 11)11111011 to ilm yenmunry ami
mi'clnmio* ol our comiiry, who, from tlieir nu
uioi ical force, iuii«i In- ili«s nrliiler* of uur jinliiic.il
di slinio*, nml mil' sluold flu III every danger. Thev
mi" ■' 111111,. 11 i in I Iv l lie sovereign* uf tl.e land.
I lieu w ill mint i imiriil, Im ii for good or lie il far
1 ‘v■ I• I lie clinmcier ol the government mi *1 re
cn\o ii* iiii|iii-ss Iron, ilioiu, nml its |iius|ierilv and
huppinus* Im over grndunled by the riiemture of
lin o mlelloM'iice, lln ir nml vrlue. Allompi, to es
i.ilnlisli ie)nililienii bums ill government, imvr fail*
oil m l.iirupe, inid on mir own coiiliuriul liv tea
Mio o| lie* Ignni'iiiiro, nml onn*oi|,|oiU impotence,
ol (In' grout middling rhisses——nl tin- rank nod file
ol |io|,illation. I.e,lining llii'rrj liu* been resirn i*
i'll in ilm jnivileged lew—while the iminy have
loo < > 111 u lieeu del,used lo u servile condition, or
liivo i e mi led lo crime lorn living, l’ower nml
"have a tendency lo corrupt the higher or
*l«*rH ; i"iiniaucL* mid poverty, to debase the lower
i lasso* ; which have jointly contributed to anrit
liil • !**, or t«» render imnntent, (lie great middling
classes, which here hold the balance ol pawc^
nnd who alone ran perpetuate out rnpublir.Mt.
principles. I hose, therefore, who Hie destined to
w ield this power, w lilt us should ho well instructed
in the lights and duties of liewmcn. It is a die*
late ol interest, as well as ol ptsiiee, that our voting
laiuiem and mechanics—the future iiiitpiii* in all
political controversy — the ron»< i tutors id public
morals—should he bettor instructed that llw»v
should he instructed in ho mm It ot sc enen ai will
enable them Hineossliilly to compete with the pro
ducts id foreign labor at ourdoor*—and 'O mm h as,
with good habits, wdl ipittlily them lor the duties
ul jidor . magislr.ites, legislators—and good citi
zens. I lie moral welfare ol our stale, and thu
peip' luil v uf our freedom, deui iud a high r grade
ol msirtic.ion tit our cotomou schools, and the es
tablishment n| new ones, od.iple I l » llie unprove
tiu'iil ol till our great hi am lies ol prohieitve la
bor.”
To which may lie ttdde I the word* of Lord.
Huron,
l.cl ihe health liaxe etilliv iti«tr
I .el its product . hive creation,
Hid the .seas give eirctilaion,
Nnd von malic tin* migitiy nation r—•
Hut nil is ilep 'iidcul usi the list hint, which T
suggest myself.
(•ive flic people education.
I .M iners, then—Men hunts, Tradesmen—all,
educate yourselves nnd vm.r children—tint mere
ly in the ml of living poor—not merely in the
ait of milking money — hot in that of being gieat
moral agents, and ol being honorable, viiiuoUs cit
izens of the only free and eiiligh'encd Ke|wiblic in
the world, 'reach them the exalted rules ol mo
rality and the principles of philosophy first—ami
they w ill he rich indeed, not <ndv individual!v, hut
nationally-—not only as mere men and w uneii, but
as Irenitru, philanthropist1' and patriot*-—as a peo
ple to which the poor and degraded of all climes
might look up and say,—%i there in our model and
our usx hint"—us a nation w hicli shall cast her bread
upon ihe waters, where it s all lm tound l>y
all kingdoms and empires after many day*. Kwrnpo
boasts lo r splendid kings and royal cities, nnd ti
tled in >1 u I it v , and million poor—A treat people,
lolly in tlieii moral aspirations and tieedoni, amir
as equal as men may be, in the possession ot pro
perty , liberty and happiness, should be ourV Nor
are the fair mouthers *11' creation, disinterested or
trilling agents or spectators of this great work*
They nre inder I the great life spring of till educa
tion, and l>v their chamber vuico and devotion
first contribute to n muiun’s welfare or decay.
The sweetness of their voice, in iitfattftlo ami
youthful instruction, does not waste upon the dr*
serf air. A Christian ninth r%, or wife**, or »i§
tei\ voice, is the noblest incentive that ever drew
the heart to duty—that ever operated on the frigid
spirit of man.
Mr. President, it is doubtless expected and de
sired, hv this tinir, th.it I should notice more pnr
li'iil.M I y lie opera! ions of farming, and the ptivs
iral requisites upon which it is In i d, to be profit
able. \ml upon this subject, I must confess my
self most especially defective. Perhaps, indeed,
tbf*re maybe some present, who might doubt,—
most politely, to he sure—as to the propriety of
mi/ saving s»u"ht on this sii!>j«rcf—siM'ing th. t iny
own operation* do not como up to wliat i may
surest. To stirli I will only say, that l might re
tort upon tlifMii, perhaps—I might ask them if
they have done .ill on tln-ir firms which lliey knew
In lie right 1 This Society is .1 general fond, into
which nil are entitled and invited to throw their in
form! lion, though it be only a mitr — A11J l led
it to i;iv duly to give in mini) on this occasion, a*
reflection may direct.
1st. I have said before, that a knowledge of the
formations of the earth, and of the ingredients of
whirl) its outer surface or soil is composed, is es
sentially necessary to the comineiir. inent nlugood
system of farming. It lies indeed at the Vrrt
fiuiej,ifion ol ngriciiltnr.— i-t-l yet men have del
ved and delved njioii their soil, like the Cyclops
| upon their anvil—as if the desired results were
to lie produced rather by many blows than by
srienre—and as if they wrro condemned t*< tho
employment, without knowing or caring as to the
materials on which lliev were operating. Tint two
great ingredient* of which the external crust of the
earth is composed—Silica or »#nd, and Allunii
na or r lay—have been determined, by chemists,
to constitute only the medium* for the extension
and preservation of the roots of plants, »j;d lor
ill*- convey nice to them of those gases and liquids,
which art) contributed »* their I >od. These, »
lone, contain nothing in them necessary to «»|»
pOrt vegetable life, Natan* ha* then-fora beiwb