Lynchburg Virginian. [volume], November 10, 1836, Image 2

About Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?

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llWfl applied other matter for the .iilitenarue ot )
pUlirs. And in almost all countries, except the
p,.„.r:., K indt .iredeprived of ill chemical conihi
naiimis neeessary for the «'ip;>ort of life, lime,
in some form or oilier. In- been found to enter in
• i tlie composition et soil*. Mr. Puvis says,—
" lliat Niiinng thes" substances, the two iir«t form
almost exclusivelv ihret -fourths ol sods—tlie third
is found more or less mixed in the other -fourth
_All soils in which the latln earth i- found, h ive
similar characters, pro luring certain families "I
vegetables, which cannot succeed in those in
ysmeil h is not contained. 1 hi* calcareous e.e-(
ment seetus to he in the soil, ;i means tin I a pi in- ,
cipli* of fri ihility. Sails tviiirh comain > ah an oils
earth in stlttnble prep orriutls, suffer hot lutle Imm i
mowtarc, and let (mss easily to the lower beds, the )
iuperahund t.it v .ter. m I consequently drain
themselves with I iritiM.” Vid onlheolhet hand,I
’it is said that ii rendet s anil* retentive of moisture. j
which otherwise, liy theii sitpernbundance of sm I.
would lean* sod.To.I almost a t immediate filtration
and evaporation of the w iter.
As to sods suitable lor liming, Mr. Puvis fur
nishes some f visible characters, by which they
nr* almost certainly to lie distinguished. " I he
•oils where the cow-wheat, rest-harrow, th-lies.
calls-feot, an I red punpv sprin" spo Ham.»ly
which produce well in wheat, nr plant# ol 'he pe 1
kiod, nod esoecially snui-fotn—wiine theiiie#
nut succeeds badly—winch s' ■" ' it htth* '*(
sloJ»-t'Killi, volunteer grasses, or comntou weeds,
except of th" small leguminous holds—soil#,
which, after i inf dry, crumbl.- w th the first rain.
_all these are tlmirs' eenvn's <* ilcareous, .util
have no need of lone,’'except, a- Mr. Rnfli i mam
t»in*,in th" f irm ol'gt psum, v Inch he thinks might
wotItebenefieiuh Oo therooira* y,td soils rompo
ed of I iwfnie elder lie's ol gi a one orsi’-sttts ■ i oost
nil anndv so,Is,—tlmse wliieli are moist an I cold
__iliose whew rnslies. I'm heath, the wlmi-h moss
spring spo It ineously ,—almost all the soils iutest
i .1 xvitit do —to • 'll, ti i'll heal-gross, rod sotivl n.ol
the little li'Vee-f«W— hat soil where, unless so
clayey as to offer great didicnltt to eullivntion,
only rye, potato 's, and buck-wheat ran lie mad.
to grow, and wlieie sain-loin, and where the great
er part ot tlie loops ot commerce cannot succeed
_where, howevei, trees of all descriptions, and
especially of the resinous kinds, the w ood-pine,
the sea-pin*-, tin* larch and th" cln snot, thrive
better titan in lb - In st land—ill these soils are
without tiie calcar >us principle, anil ... 1
ing manures in which ii is found, would give to,
these th" qualities of, and nourish flio growth
peculiar |n i nlc^rr u* soil*.
•* The u*e« of liming in agriculture, from M.
Tuvin' rt‘a>oi)ii){, ;.rt* as follow* :
•» 1st. \\ hen a soil m itniiis inert animal nr
vnferahlo rnnttei, their dcconij osition m it he I
promoted, and it may he rendered fit for the food ,
of plant*, hv the addition of r Ustic liir.e.
2nd. If tii ’ soil ro itniu odd, tli.it may he neu
tralized either hy c.until *»r carbonated lime,—
an 1 besides, tins organii matter whov doeompo
rition mav have been prevented hv the acid,
will he permitted to riitsolve.
it. Soils t’ it cniii.nn too much silica, are made
m >re retentive of m.mMrebv the tld litmn of lime,
or its enrlv 4ate,
4. Clav* in«\ he rendered I n retentivo ol
moisture a id more friable hv tin* * line meant.
*>. The ij.e.iu which escape when organic mat
ter nutrifies, are retained in the soil hv meunt
of lime nr ii# carbonate -and thtit a given quan
tity of manure, or the original vegetable matter *d
the soil, will retain its riiicacv longer. Ilv a re
cent discovrrv, it has also fmeii ascertained, that
the dt*c imposition ol plains y h Ids a peculiar arid,
ralltnl the humic, which t wins with lime a sail
•maiimdv * il ihle in water. The generation of
t it sdt al»o servo* in roil I t the nutriment ron
t .ine.f in the soil, more lasling.
ti. Lime and ns compounds are nbsduieK ue
cetfarx as constituent p'ltltofthe frowth of ma
ny plants. Til? sli I pi 1 ite or plaister, i* essential In
the growth of cl iver, .tod llie pliosphato or hones
to that ot ivlie it. lieu e the eilitacv ol plaster
ol 'Vim* and crushed hone* ■« unproven of the
•oil.”
** The quantities ut lime applied, should van
according to the consistem e ot vuL. I hev ought
to In* mo.ill on light anil .si 1 I\ *<uU—an I mav,
without ill consequences, behnaw on cl i\ soils.”
I I» 1 s ( introduced these exil e t*, Mr. President,
a* wtdl to induce tedertion upon this mode of im
proving the n uL, a» to c ill t.>r 111 expel intents
on the intimate Comp e in hi «d that portion
which appertain in n*. Should wo not, indeed,
»et on t » • 1 uti expei inmnf a! en \ aiiy with that
view ? it m lit h ad, perhaps, to tin stimulating
discovery, tii.it the 1 1 ids in •» 1 r own immeiliite
viciiiitx lire, a, l h'-liev? dies are, peruli.it
ly ttJapteJ to a dm .ode improvement ;—nay, 111 11
they can ho its -jre.itIy ami quo klv improved, a
anv lanis i'iilie world, hv a proper undent.imliut
ol the starting point an I starting mean*. Ii ha
been, no I still is, a mooted point with our !.inner*
w heile 1 pi 1 st r operates beneficially ; some huv
iug applieJ the closest experiment* and found 11 l«
fail — while o;h* r* hy simdai trials have found ii
to operate as with n ic. flic question is, then,
un what s uL plaisti.T UUi he applied tn advan
t igj—-ami as to their in ins o! distinction. \
11 lit r-jluti m ol tu.N qie«fion would save lilt
farmer a vast deal ot expense tn l I ibotir. If, 1
his been already viiuw . %-.• U v% L i« 11 reduce lit
wrrui 1 ! n it ill v—— w Inch are mu»: 1 v - .1 icimts • .
im»‘t \ argilaceuns—which ho.ore th. 1
call ol lo cmiI 1 ivat|Oti were pimn,e in llie g .ail
of ch.•sum and pine—if clover he a calca
reous plant, del.g’.ring to g »w where that
pniK.plo is contained in proper proportion*
-mi l if it will not he heurlt ted where tlu
priilCipIo Ot' lis vitality already exist.,—it fob
low-, mat p »i,trr s.tou! I lu* applied tn siicl
>jiL. it, on the c.intiary , Ian I* w hidi product
w'ell in wue it — which pu!\eri*e easilv, an j u .
'vuic'l tile do is melt aw i v on exposure lo rain,—
which have hut Itille ot the I'e.ve mentioned ve
getation, 11 iturallv possess tin* piinciplo—it fol
low*, that the artificial app! ca' ion of lime in un\
prep i. uion is unnecessary’, 1 lb.uk .Mr. KuiVi.i
•ays nLo, that alt hints which are acid, such as
doubtless every farmer present has called sour.
a til ol \v Inc i sorrel a i I hr.i mi-edga are eviiieu
ces, call he benefited by pi islrr or limn In some
form. Should we not tli n in.iko experiments
•if'on this subject I Small ones at first, and ||
tlr y succeed as is desired, then in ire exten
aivnly. 1 will leave ii with you to determine.
2nd. As to the alimentary manures—ul timo
wnic i form the fool ol plants. These have ever
constituted nur principal me ms of improvement.
Indeed ll.ey have not been used among us so
much for improvement at for the prodtu lion of
present crops, and although they do certaiulr
contribute something to the improvement of the
soil, by communicating tm a short time some ol
llte principles of organic life—vet our farmers
have m istlv applied them, having oulv lliv grow
"'3 crop ia view, Chemists in agrUnlliiro make
an iftiii orlatil distinction hetivecm these, and
whut they call imprncers of the soil —such us lime,
caustic or slaked —hones—ashes—marl, dec. Those
tuev denominate merely the aliment of plants—
tu which there can lie no objection on the ground
oltheir preciseoperation it,production ; hut I would
ea i I io in lers Ionics of die mil, which administer
strength t„ constitution, Hs miner,I waters and
medicines do to the permanent health and vigor of
the hum in body. The most efficient operation
of vegetable or animal putrescent matter towards
tho improvement of the soil, i, certainly in its an
phc.Hi n to Its own increase. When a.lmitiister
, ll’,iw product inn of those great and only a- j
buiubtm w.-ans of rural wealth, clover and the ■•las
ses, it mo u largely contributes to iu own au ■
mentation , — and the f'arftiei who applies j( ,
tins way, surely reaps its greatest boiufit. 1 ("■
great increase nl sucli seg' iminn, benefici nl in in
gasres and fluids to ii* reproduction, »•*'»»* >*
annually returned to the soil and mingled will, n
at ever returning periods "lien n is most «bun
d.ntin perfection, bv (lie mechanical operations
of tile attentive farniri, constitute an ever living
sourer of improvement Ac i ninlnnmnt. I wmil l soli
cit every individual piesom.llien.'o a; ply il I'omiti
fullv in this way. Let litem runail llmir ‘I ■ e ro
n p* Hid fho soil* appropriated to lliem,—making
tln'iii hetier by a consequent rurtailniviit nl ibequni
min of ullcnlion—tml apply it imirc to tbi* per
niancnt mode nt improvement. I hey will surelv
never regiel tii.it, wliieli is to operate as a l istin ’
bene til—but which may at lir-l seem In he a s.u.ri
fi.T. With tbi' Hindi* of impiovemelit, what I
have r illed the tonirs limy he most beneficially
applied. In almost every country, they have id
read v lieen used with success, mingled vv itli pa
in scent matter, on the soil, eitlier in*: b ■’ >rn 01 tin i
the application of manure, or m compost. The
most approved metbod seem* to be in the I Iter
form. Hv the absorption and retention ol the
gasses anj liquids of inch matter, they make its
uses permanent against the influence ol ev ipor.i
Ii,,,, above and ol descent to the lowei beds of the |
earth lienenlh. Hut rare sliould lie used tli.it they !
lie not applied ton abundantly—In tbi. case they
absorb all of the aliment ol vegetal.. and do
nut give it out liberally enough lor it- t n reasi ol
ii ■lUiera I ion, A s too g re at a stimulus will pr.idure
I ill III! II itiotl ill tin- Iniman sv stem and destroy its ^
eq elibriuni, SO w ill it cntdle and inflame the eir
i-dating fluid* of the soli. At tins point, tin |
q lest io it is — w lien tile V . ; e MI ilr in alter tint, pm- j
p .'111 he pm I i ed and mi re tse I, is to In n.ed
I ,i „ p'ii pose of improvement most beneficially ’
I just at it* maturity. I1 tin a contain- 1
• r- »te*t quantity "tits prices, and e ms. qui it
I . conti ibntes most largely to reproduction. I'1
* Instill! be then fallowed In some depth below tbi- j
surface,—not with a plough in the old corn and
tobacco sense of tlm term—but won a plough Itav- j
ing fur its purpose anil object tlm effect ol * deep
and mtlri'tve soil, vvhiell will not liv lieluie tlm
hasty water nor evaporate to a lervid sun. 1 J
notlier question presents itself. Have our I.ti
mers been as cal fill as lliev iniglil lie, in in.iking
.mil husbanding ibis nutriment of plants I I bey ,
will best determine themselves bv a reference In
ill -ii own practice—but i think I may be pet - I
nutted to assert, that liv an inrnmsi'd attention to i
lb" sullied, near! five tunes tlm qit'Hititly nl all'- ,
niul III, I vegetable matter tint has been, may !»• (
made A «i | > |»I it-*. 1 ii tin» vicinity ,& indeed in every
section of tin* country thro* which 1 li ivo tra\< I
|«*d, || c.iu be in tde in the barn yard, wliicl>
should eve r he well supplied with litter, compost.
Hid everv wgelable pabulum—utid it can he ap
plied, such a* it is already’ on our fields, by a time
Iv applic ation of the plough. Clover reaches its
greatest luxuriance the second year it is sown.
At this period then, it should be well turned in.
I'v iV farmer should he particularly r ireful to
|<i ep all his manures under a good shelter lx
posure to the weather deprive* it of great p.nlol
its alimentary principles.
3rd. Ploughing. It is known to nil of us, that
thi* operation mil ilnnf% is the great lihmiug
m ins which contribute* to our support, and h\
which the soil gives out its sustenance. It is in
deed the great mechanical employment to whic h
nature has assigned the* greater portion of the
world’s inhabitants. It should ho applied, then,
not with mere phy sical foice, Imt with scienc e—in
la knowledge of tlic» Inst mode A result* in tint pro
I elections and improvement ol the soil. \ varie
| tv ol* opinion still exists, as to tin* proper depth to
; which the earth should he stirred and ameliorated.
I iiiihesilutinglv express it as my opinion, that for
the nolo purpose ot a I isfing improvement, deep
' ploughin'' i.s essentially necessary email soil*.—For
an immediate crop on a shallow soil, I admit that
this mode not tilifi rqu# nil v op- rates deleter'miisly',
I li\ mingling about tin* roots of tint plants too nmeh
ofthc* snbsinilu it. But n f Mure c rop will grow
! better by finding u elt epm penetration I'm its roots.
If the nub-soil ho cla\, which I hi hi ve c onstitutes*
the oude r hr I of m ai ly ait onr lands, it follow* that
Jeep ploughing omlrilmles to a deep soil, whic h
is not in danger of losing its !*«• rr j’ • * v by u filtration
ol ns cogitable mitiimc-nt into the bods below.
Manures thru, or vegetable m liter, iinisf have a
femlencv to asfeueJ to the* surface* or |o keep
their place—and ihe mots ol plants find a ready
uiedinm for their extension to a depth, which i*
Icalcol lied to support a linn and vigorous top.
Ml plants which have a taper perpendicular root,
surely require u e niixideraJilc depth ol tillage, lint
i I maintain that all tlios.* with only latrral roots,
i grow best and are mo>t Iniiilul in a soil deeplx
j penetrated by the plough. \ soil thus prepared
j is more ret* ntive ol moisture in a dry si*asou, and
j bases its siiperubuiiJ.inrc of moisture in a wc I oar.
— But there is another argument in favor of deep
ploughing, which I make particularly as my own
i suggestion. It liny not unfrnquenily happen that
j tin* mila c e soil may nut he rum posed ol due propoi -
cions ot laud and clay. Perhaps the substratum
might contain the necessary deficient ingredient,
and might he* within the* reach of a nmdcuatnlv
deep plough. In this taso, might not tin* opera
tion of deep ploughing produce the desired re
sult I IS tlic* surface is clayey, still’ and heiv\, :t
j might mingle sand with it—and if it lie too greatlx
, silicious and light, it might bring to the surface*
lb » necessary quantum of day. But tins argu
ment I will leave to the ele\rlopment of tile* ex
'tcrim'Mif.iiisf. — In lavour cjf tilt* deep cultivatin'*
d’l m 1,1 will only say farther that in Fugluml, and
' otlaud, and I landers, whose farms are neccssa
ri v small, by teason ot a dense population, and
worm lands are consequently tilled with care
to ns greatest production—in many instance* first
I bmkeui up witii th«* spade* forty and fifty,and even
sixty bushel* of wheat to the acre is a frequent
I pro I'lciiuti. 1’lie s'ljn rahundanoe of their root
i crojix w onl.l astonish the host farmer in Yirginii.
I o the advantage* ofdeep ploughing l will *mg
j '^{,st that of bedding in the fall. It occurs to me,
that 111in x ols—cither loll side or bottom—paiiie
i ularly inch as are light and arid, would helle r sus
tain vegetation, ami i»articnlarlv young c lover,
hv this operation. i no plan 1 propose* ix to throw
up iItO sod in t!i • fall i i beds of \ to f> furrows,
having an espycial leg ir l to their liuri/muta! cli
rectum, nml leavo it m ili.u condition nil dm
spring—wlien it should lm ncdi'd in oats and
clovi r. I'lin settling mid gta.lmil aln isimi of the
hods tilin’ ilie snows and atmospheric nctinii nl
"inter, will, I think, rnnirilmti' to dm giistennnce
and growth Until nl'llie grain and clnvur. This
slmald ho one nl ilia groat objects nt’all our I’arin
, lo giva: In all nor old lulls mi l ri'pndiaii'd
fields no iui ipitnt lile-spring of clover. In far
tlier illustration nt die reasoning I have ad
\ inced, I will mention the instance of the II,ir
"" Vun Vnglit, in Uernmiiy, given In Himself.
O.i die s iil nl liis manor, wlimh was greatly sterile,
lie cninmenced liis nperat inns by ploughing modi'
r.Helv deep, lie applied liis improving ami ali
mentary manure*, and at every succession „f til
lage, lm idling!led them into a si ill greater and
greater depth. lie regularly altered'liis imple
nienta t i suit Ids purposed depth of ploughin''_
and the result was, in a few y ears, a soil as deep
and fertile as his must sanguine feelings could Imve ,
desired.
stlh. Alternation of crops. This i* a snhpct of
vital importance to the improvement of oui Inish,in
dry—and lias been too little attended lo bv our
Inrmers—hut is beginning lo he mure so. Tim
introduction of clover and grass has contributed
largely to tho beneficent change, by inducing the
former, in mercy, to spare his devoted soils, and I
to suffer them, a little, to take care of themselves.
We have been particul irly deficient in the cultiva
tion of runt crops, to which clover and grain suc
ceed admirably. In the NoftlKMn States, and in
deed m mvwry country wlier# cultivation is rnpnily
a*lv im ifig.tlt* *!' constitute n gf« at item in ihermn
tion ol crop*, l iiuv also form one of the great nrti- i
i :«'* of food, a* well lor *tn« W a* for people, Al are
indeed an important article of commerce. Hot
tl»« ir great advantage i* in the maintenance A mul
i,j»!i«- ition of stock, which in time conn ilmte to an
* xt* ns inn of the me ms for tie- improvement of the
sod.—Should «no! then enlarge the sphere ol
these—nut to he Mire of» ««I onr field*, but on the
m il lots in the vuinii) of out houses—on our To
lu,ro h»ts,wIviett veai aftei p ar receivo the grea
tin poiti mol our imiMoving mean* in the ruin
vntion of that royal fdantt As I have failed to
nolice ill it' proper place, the best application ol
llie hushanded aliment of plants, I w ill notice it
here. Tiie object is t«» apply and to retain all it*
gaseous and fluid properties. It should be added
tin n mi it* Irosliettg*! »tc,before putrescence occurs.
I ’or I ii*Ii in Corn or f u r »ot crops it shonhl be I *'d
on eit!i< r in drills, or broadcast* and ploughed in, m
the fjll —For small gi ihi,it should still he ploughed
in, and not administered on the surface. In this
wa\ it *oipp| es equally sustenance to the mot* I*>
its thud*,and liv it* gaseous evaporation to the tops.
I admit that circumstances might vary ibis rule to
4 I vantage. Where \ unrig clover is expected to
tail, and on meadow* well set, but poor, surface
triplication* are proper. Hut to secure tin* grea
test good to the soil, in the general, certainls
internal applications are best. Io the mateiial
world, after production, nature i« ever going on
with a putrescent operation, in which the gaseous
impel!lev ami fluid* of reproducing matter **•
rape. It should surely be applied then in it*
freshest condition.
5th. Pasturage. I think many of our farmers
uve rrr' d greatly, a* well in pasturing some land*
too much, a* m not pastming other* suiTirienfiY.
Too much pasturage ha* imb ed been one of tie
great evil* of our agriculture. Meadows might to
be pasture I in dry seasons particularly, nftei ba
ying been mowed. Ii renders the soil more dense
in w inter, and preserves the roots of the grass
from exposure. The myriad of insect* which live
and multiply among the fibres of the roots during
s immer, are thereby destroyed and precluded. ^ el
pasturage even here should cease at the prr per
time. Cattle will nibble and nibble* al the grass,
till they devour it by the root*. I am clearly of
the opinion that light clovored land should he pas
tured moderately in autumn. In this case, too, the
root* of the clover will he pres* rved from the free
/.mg process of winter. I liavo not unfreqiienllv
seen, at the breaking up of winter, the roots of
clover pointing upwards. Moderate pasturage,
loo, prepares a light soil for wheat or rye, hy m i
king it more dense.
(uli. Draining. This is an operation to which
the people, ofl’pper Virginia pat licular lv, are
mostly strangers—except on their wt meadows.
I’nder draining is now mm li used in other coun
tries, as will on uplands as on meadows, for the
acceleration of the escape of superabundant w a
ter. Ii is used on kinds which are constantly cul
tivated—and which hy their level surface or still
argilaceoii* qual tv, would otherwise retain too
much liioMure. The roots of plants must have
air ns well as water—and this operation discharges
the alni'id mt moi>!nre, and induce* (ho deficient
atmosphere.
71It- Stock. We shoiil I i nprove tie* hi m I
and quality of our rattle, and increase our atten
tion to sheep ImstiHiidry. Wool is one of the
gieutcst staples of commerce in the world—and
cattle are one of the great mt in* of improvement
of the soil—>110111 arc eliciting tin* most aspiring at
tention* of the best farmers in every country. I
have recommended on another occasion the grow th
of as much stock as every farmer’s clear produc
tion* of the soil will permit.— I again recommend
it as the most practicable lequinilc of improve
ment.
Sih. 11 u liciiltui e. ()rchards tire sun I v the great,
hut refined, elegant, and proper luxury of every
farm and every country. They are indeed the
a ci o in pi i shed ornament which set* oil’ eve i v plan
tation, and adds health,spirits and moral beauty Ii
ev i l v domicil. Nor arc their balmy breath nod
le* a ii ty io blossom, or ilteit aromatic perfumes a ml
crimson blush in autumn, their only recommenda
tions. In Home section* ot our own country, tin
melting poach, and spicy apple, and saccharine
pear are culm a ted as extensive a ad pi o fit able ar
ticles of city luxury and trade. In miiiii' of then
they have been grown to a perfection to wliit Ii oui
notions of them here, are hut a beggarly account
1 Let us turn our attention, then, more than w <
have done, to the grafting and propagation of bet
ter frill uS Mid to a more preservative treatment o
our orchard*# The man "ho, under the iuiluenct
of a mania, roilltj I *v the ave to the root of a heau
tiful aod clios« u otcliard, must he a moral minim
indeed—is had at those whom lie seeks to re
form.
l have thus, Mr. Piesident, futility alluded tc
the moral and physical relations of agrh nhifre, am
! I am admonished to draw to a close—hut f CilMMO
do so without briefly adverting to its politics, an |i
is concerned in this country. What mu destiny
as a nation, onward in tin* sphere of vast futurity ,
may he, it is nut in hum.in wisdom to divine,
Hut this much is certain, that the arbitration of out
country’s late is with the ycomnurv of the land
| Their’* is the only influence which can curb the
1 operation of legislative corruption, aid prescribe
I the bounds of city violence—saying thus far shall
I thou come and no farthei. Large and numerous
I cities are springing up in every quarter of our
country. I’ltey contribute largely , hy their benef
icence in trade, to the prosperity and glory of a
union—hut their vices, on the other hand—their
fitful tendencies to moral and political orgasm, must
he restrained within their proper limits, bv an in
telligent and lofty yeomanry. We have no wai
ranty that their own intern.il virtu* s will evei con
i ,,"l their vires. We must find that security then,
m the peaceful influence of the tenants ot the soil
—w hich cann >1 he swept away by any thi ig else
than the arm ot Omnipotence itself, \lreadv they
' have given evidences,even in this infant and happy
1 hind, that they may, unless resisted hy the moral
stability of the country, cot vulse the liberties of
this peop’e t » their very foundation. \!low them
io proceed in their inglorious career—suffer them to
overreach, by the r inti irnce, the slumbering intel
i bgence and virtue til the great farming population
—.in>i u ho Mien ili.id come to the rescue ? Not
the yeomanry, h»r it will then he too laic—luit
some latent despot in principle and design, who
will seise tin* helm ol violence, and crush the |*h
eihes ol the people herteatli the crumbling ruins
ol their own lolly. Large cities, we have said lie
lore, have ever been boasted in every coun
try, and every age of the world, as the ve
•> pinnacle of their glory. Hut viewed in
their unfavorable light—what arc they ? They
ate vast receptacles of every heterogeneous
principle which constitutes the political mass_and
they alhnd a ready contact to these | riticiples_
and these hurst forth in the forms ol mlmhidi furv
and moral eontl ignition, threatening tin; existence
ol peaci , ami the destruction o! hie, propel t v, and
freedom. I hey combine w ithin their elements,great
wealth and bloated luxury, and roval bearimT, on the
one hand,and mean poverty,and ciiminal vice, and
uuw lling submission to we.dth, poverty and the
laws, on the other.—And thus they ever and anon
effervesce and boil over in riot—in which the rich
are menaced w ith agrarianism, and the poor w ith
the bayonet and the punishment of returning law*
ind all with destruction. They are indeed the
great political volcanoes, which, accordingto their
internal condition, periodically throw up their mo
ral scathing cinders and lava—and Overwhelm
not only their own summits and grandeur, lint the
balmy vales and spicy groves of liberty around.
I* rum their vices in the olden time, they* were the
especial subjects ot the Divine wrath—and in mo
dern ages, they Invo fallen to dteay Irom their
A«rn innate lemlrmv to ansrcliy uni v..i!tm<*. Ur
srlmri* tin V 111 I rvi«l, a ml glory III lln-ir pride in
royal countries, tlmv an- maintained by tin- dialed
In s (met wliicli ever glilu r« in till-rav el Heaven.
tl,ir»lv for I lie blend of »lee|iinp philanthropy—sir
l,v tlu-I eavv pressure of regal vlrengm n[nni the
under mas aid' population. In this rs-puliln -in
roiintry , win re n» p. ivilrged an I royal classes i *
i«f—and wliein iinareliy is. and w ill he nur ('s|ie
ei.il evil,—lln*v must be maintained and support
ed —Iml resisted bv nil elevated moral and religious
intelligence among tie’ people, wlm renstitule the
proprietors not! farmers of til" land. Nor is llie
poor and rrinimal pari ol the population ol large
i iiies, alone rulpaple nr responsible, in llie ronvul
si*mts wliicll marls llieir existence. lien lliey see
u cal 111 ton, committing Clime, and escaping from
llie n (positions ol llu- law. by iis agent’ssutTernnee
or cmruplion, or bv its ticrversion—when they
„ I- vile ill ressitv staring them in tint fire, and llie
emit vealtliv approacliing to a royal slat " ol b el
j,ig and dminniiin, il is mil greatly wondio i«, if il
be n initial, dial Iii**> sbouhl imbibe tlm triflings
ol agrarianism, a id >mk by vioh-nre in sever die
lies which bin I diem ma stale of crime and pov
eiis. Inmuch a »iale of society, where profession
al diigg'T* hirlv im-een, seeking enlr.mce into niu
fual rll»* o| infamy, there i* no jaw hut fervid woe
or mean necessity, and tli© feeling which wields
i he in must find its punishment in the rigid arm of
|i*e law or break forih in a general resistance. I*«ir
be it fiom me to encourage tins class by olbning an
apologv for them. They tog nitt*t he restrained—
hot the only cure for the evils they contribute to
society i* in the benign influence of the prin
ciple* of industry and education.
If the time aliould ever arrive when some gift
ed demon in human form, shall seek to build his
own royal fortune upon the ruins of the lib
erties of this people, whither would lie firnt
repair for the commencement of hia'nprrutinn*?
Not surely among the farmers—for they love re
po*c rather than commotion—peace niftier than
the gory exercise of the sword. lie would go, then,
in the confines or brothel sinks of some splendid
city, where lie would first cajole the million pimi
an I vicious. Having these inspired or controlled
in the military form—legislation having been al
ready rorrup ©.1 by a want of popular intelligence
—and then lie would menace the rich. If they
resisted, lie would smite them with the sword. It
they yielded, they might ictain their property by
joining in hi** ambitious scheme. The city is now
at his mercy or hi* servic *. Thocountrv *s nmv
to be conquered. Hut will the fanner* yield ?
Should they ho mere merhanieal instruments of
city support,they will—hut should the\ he enlight
ened agents, not only in the cultivation of the soil,
hut in the art of civil government, they will not.
They will rally round their lofty mountains beside
which the eagle wings his solar e\rie, and which
I point a* indie •* to Heaven, reminding them of
the birth and immortality of liberty—and on their
vales, mi which the healthy breath of plenty dive*
> beneath a geni d sun, an I speak the usurper of
' city dominion from the world. Then let the yon*
injury of the land he true to themselves, by c ill I i
; vating moral, physical and political science. So
shall your country surely become the rational
boast of freedom in the world—otherwise it may
bocomo another charnel house of liberty, for De
mon map o\ to revel in.
ACHILLAS D. JOHNSON,
j October *^Gth, 1S.JG.
Note.—In inv allusions to iho citie*, I beg to
he distinctly limit istood. It i*. not my intention to
cast any insidious imputation on their inhabitants.
; Mv view of them is only national — and I appeal tn
all history for its confirm Jthni. Home, Sparta, A
ihens, Thebes, Anlioeh, H.ihylon, Nineveh, Jeru
salem—all fell under tin* opt rations of their ow n
vices—and all wen* imueor less the .scenes of <i
military rlespotism. In modem times, Paris Inn
been the theatre of several revohiti ms, both for and
against litre tv— ind the monotony of Loudon's his
tory is n spectacle for the world to admin*. Tin
subject of the national influence' of large cities, I
may mere fully di-u uss on another occasion,
rfAfcji: kiilvu-rilii-r is Mill desirous tu ****11 his valua
■ lilr private resi lence on third street, oppose,
tile Protestant Method it Chimli ; mil u mil suit
i privately before tile 1st April next, mil In. nllorri
I at public aueliuii. I'. S. MII.LCIt.
October 21 (Ivv if
TO II I S- -K i:i.l»IUxS.
'll!’, sulisrribeis have now in store a large tun
• general assort inent of furnishing uncles, cou
nixtinii ol splendid l-’ire Setts : llrass, Wile anil Hear
ceil Iron I ’cullers ; Shovels anil Tongs ; llrass Am
lions; Ixilclien Shovels anil Tonus ; Sail Irons
I on lx epics ; 'I iiiuM.lrun ami Copper Ifox anil I’os
( ollcc Mills; < ‘ollce Toasters; Jlre.nl Toasters
I’olato- Steamers ; Double A Single \\ alii- linns
Spu e Mortars; Hell .Metal, Hrass y KnaineH il Ixet
ties ; Kitchen 1 arks ; I,allies ; Skimmers am
Spoons . Clipper Turk's Cap Cake Moulds; llloel
lint otlee I'otts ; I .gg Hollers; Nutmeg firnter*
| ami I’epper lloxes ; llritt.mi i ('nllee I’otts ami Setts
' Splendid Silver Mounted Castors: I'laled, Hrass. .he
p.mn'd A Iron Caml.e Slieks, tall A Hat ; llrass. Ja
ptiull d vN Uritlaoia Lamps ; I’laled A llrass Sm,Hers
and I rays; Steel and Iron Snuffers ; Spittoons ;
I'able Cutlery nlVvcrv variety . I.uuking Classes ami
Class I’tales ; Tea i t tvs and \\ aitei s ; Cedar Tolls ;
H atri lliiekets ; Tea Knpgttllis, Ac. : I'lour Ituek
els; Sugar lloxes. aiidrutma and oval Meal Travs ;
Kinte lloxes ; ( hi tain I’ms and Jlatids ; Sitters ;
llioonis; foot >ci,ipers; l iving Paulis : (irid I
rolls; flat ImnTriliifs; Criimii llnishos ; Tea !ved
dies ; t liaiulier llrlluvv-.es ; and a large ami general
assonmeiit ol Castings ; all ol which will lie sold on
reasonable Icims. MILLC.lt A It (t \ \|,L.
»>e ober 24 t;„ ,,
TO CON I’llACTOKK.
\ 1 ILL Elk dt SkOYALL hav e on hand »’row
»l liars. \ lives' No. 2 Shovels and Spades,
Sipiare. Hound. Scollop. It oil and Hand iron ol all
si/.es, \\ heel Harrow, 'I ire. Shear. Cast and Knu
•Ulster Steel. Picks, Hand ami tMcdjje Hammers,
I Ilellnws’s Vuvilsaiid \ ices, Ac.
October 21 r,„ if
COW I'iJHTS,
CioMinz.
Cl AMIII'.S, I’ninos, \hnonds, Ac, ;
y Ladies’, .Misxe’s aim Children’s India Ituli
her Aprons,
Ladies’ I ml ill I’tilihei fur-lined .Shoes,
\eeordians. Chiles, Chirom-lls, Cites, Ac.
’A inter and Call Lamp Oil, ('in-on,
I'll kies (i or S kinds. Preserves 6 or S kinds.
H im x in Casks and Hollies, Hfamhes, <; i„‘
iMedicnii-s,Surgeons' I astro ments.l’a nits, mil
a variety of other at tides, all of vv liirluv ill he of
fered wry low, in bills even of matlirntt si7.e, and
at as low or lower prices, „« retail, at the current
mil? hir articles ol equal nunlitv, by
now i:l owns
W7 if IS
1 I’rire of $7,000
1 tl,‘ "f 2,000
(tr“ JO <t,, ,i/ ,jo()
K/fc Whole I'ie'.rts nnlt) Fifteen Shillings.
Ward’s Prize OUico.
/ nst iliior illume the I 'm it Ui it /Intel.
1 \«‘\t ISit liiiiitiiil Kciieinr,
r» lie drawn at Richmond on Tliniadav, November
OlOi, draw ins reeeiveil on $aturdav.
seni:mk i
' Prize of $7,000 1 40 Prizes of $100
do of 2.200 I 71 do of 70
1 'lo ot 1,000 | r,li do of o»
»>' Son | .Vi do of
1 do ol 000 | oo do of |0
nrsirfpft *5«. 24*. \c. \ c
Tickets .*> 10 Hal'es $!.2.-,J.Q„nrer, <K»J cts.
[.o' *'dp o warn«’ ofpkm:.
i\oV. i
SKCl’Nl) II AN!) It VK’tH i'lll s
2 •KCOND HAND BAROPenr.S for
u
MCXIiO A A* TEXAS.
.\t:w Obi eiN*, Het. 2th
| „,M Trx is.—Through •!•«-* politeness <*• «
friend |ii«t arrived frinn I i we hav been Im
ni.bed rv ill. tin* Telegiaph of the .r«h illitanl. coll
t tilting ilir pntceedingi of Hi'' hr'! Congress, n:id
message oPIVe.i lent li irnelt. Tin* proceedings :
of Congress are not ns yet ol murli iinpoi inner. j
The arm V at present consists ol about I strong, j
The planters have retunied to their plantiitinns, 1
and are actively . ngnged in the .Inti s of the soil. •
The fiscal affairs of lie* nation are looking up ; mo- [
nev is slid to he plenty in the country, though
die public treasury has been nearly empty hir some
lime. Now dipt quiet is ill some measure restoied, j
and little fear entertained ol another invasion, and
die prospects of the phmleia arc so bright, things
will sO'iii boon*! murli better footing. j
Tim Congress of'Texas, nieton tlm 3d ins'- A
quorum of meiolmrs 'icing present, Hicliard I*.His,
(president of tile late convention) was elected pre
sident pro lent, of tlm senate; and Ira Ingrain, ol .
Matagorda, was elected speaker ol llie house.— ,
'The necessary committees wpre appointed on the
1th. On the 5lli the message of President Burnett
was delivered ; and the official returns ol tlm last
election were rendered. 'They were as follows : lot
Presal nt—I loeston 3385, Austin 581,.Smith 111,
t;rren 42, Husk 1 and Archer 4; lor Vice Presi
dent—Botnar 2738, Husk 1159, Zalavn 23, and
Smith 2. Tlm vote ni favor of maintaining the ,
pn sent constitution as it is, was 3199, and for giv- J
mg ronventional powers to C'ongress to alter it 221. |
—(ty*'Tlm vole in favor nf annexing Texas In
the I'mted States, was 3279 ; and in favor nf a
separate reptthlir, only 91.
A letter from a respoctahle gcnlleman, on a visit
to 'Texas, represents the members of tlm Congress |
as intelligent and respectable; and certain to or
ganize an ellieient government. Tills is all that is j
now necessarv to entitle Texas to have her hide- (
pplienee recognized, not only hv tlm l . Stales, lint
all foreign nations. [A". O. Slumlord.
Tj a\s.— Lx tract of a letter from an officer in j
tlie T-xian army, to liis friend in Baltimore, da
| led.
Hr.mi QLARTt'.iis, Tkxi\n Army, }
Rio La Bare, Sept. 21, 1S36. J
(' iplains Cams and Teal, the gentlemen who,
| were commissioned to cairv the tieaty »*f Santa
Anna into effect, have just arrived in camp, from i
* the “ Q ladrilla” Prison, in .Matnmoras.— They
j ma V their escape on the 2d of September, in the
' night, passed the sentinel, and made tlteir way in
to the street, where they were met by an old;
Mexican, who asked them in Spanish if they were 1
| prisoners, they rep'ied in the alfirmative, he told |
j them to “ put out,” and gave them two horses—\
all of which was arranged by the American citi
zen* of that place—thev obscured themselves in
the thicket for ninedavs. and then proceeded on
their journey ; they were 17 days on their jour
ney. On tlteir arrival in camp, we sainted them
w ith huzza? and a salute of 2 > cannon—they bring
i the information that the Mexicans anticipate to
leave Mexico for Texas this month, with 4000
r ivalry and 3000 infantry, by sea. All 1 • m sav
h t them come and they shall be warmly receiv
ed.
1 __
1 lrricon Mission tn Spain.— Bv a letter from
Tampico, received by a commercial house in this
. city, and which has been politely communicated to
us, it appears that Messrs. Mora, Paries, and Villa
' 1 i ilia, were to emhai k by the packei of the StIi of
September, lot'the Havana ; the object of their
voyage is attributed soielv to diplomatic relations
on the pan of tlioir government with Spain. Tlie\
; are to proceed to Madtid to terminate the negoti
atieos of i reciprocal commerce, according to the
basis established bv the decree of the 27th of Au
gust last, which declares a suspension of hostil
ities with the mother country ; and the opening of
the Mexican puits to her merchantmen.
[ V. O. Ihe.
/Extract of a It Her dated at Mexico, on the 7th
Svptembt r.
A law has passed the National Congress, with
j gre it mi minute, i I nittn yd\v *ss d< into the port
of the Mexican Republic, bearing the flag of tin*
Spanish < Government—this measure has produced
great excitement in the public mind—it m violent
ly opposed by the old republican parly, and if in
sisted on, it may produce much trouble in tlipcoun
1 try.
There has been upwards of $2,000,01)0 due bv
, Mi xico to merchints in New Orleans for many
months past, awl there will he about $4,500,000
due in Jantiarv next. I In* loss of so large an a
imnint to our men bants would almost he a public
calamity, as it would seriously affect tbe dimmer
I rial relations subsisting in New Orleans; vet that
loss is almost iiuavoidable, should the present state
ot all lirs continue between 'Texas an l Mexico.
[A. O. Times.
Trom the AY it Orleans lire, Oct. 21.
M LX ICO.
Depredations and barbarities of the Apache In
dians— Dreadjul situation nj tj/itua/iua.—'The
Me rente, ot M itamoras, of the 1 Ith S.pt. publishes
, an extract from the supplement 03 of the Noticioso
i Chihuahua, which represents that Statu as being
i almost delivered up the to fury of the Apache
tribe of Indian-. I In* follow ing is a translation of
the extract:
“Tor upwards of two months, although not en
tin Iv free from the barbarous and cruel attacks of
tin* Apaches, we have at least berm permitted to
travel with some degree of security—the present,
i however, has been ushered in under far different
auspices. %
I In* enemy raising anew his standard of antiihi
latiug destruction, has commenred ihe accustomed
career of robbery and murder. Tim Apaches
luve appeared in considerable force at different
places, dealing dealth to the helpless traveller, and
causing every evil taught by natural barbarity, and
desire of utter extermination.
I lie accounts inserted in continuation, paint in
*n 1 colors, i "• state ot this most unhappy depart
ment of ( hihualeia, a state eventually resulting in
ilieir total ruin, ii an immediate stop be not nut to
the threatening evil.
I n pvjH-cl ;h.| |n,m Mexico, is to believe in im
possibilities; to hope lor liberation from shipwreck
h.v (’ilvo, is to demand miracles. His indefati
' * *' \ ' , ,'s ,nu‘» advise prompt, wcll-di
, reeled and t’llii ..rimis measures to avert evil, and
attain so desirable an uh|ect, hut he i, without re
|,->|p*»ble t„ all is the deplorable condi
1,1 |I",1IIl provided will, arms, they are
i .. il'" ill. Shoes-,.. lack shirts, ami i„
short, they am destitute ul every requisite fur use
;!!'t.IVf' sen ice. »„t supposing then, In he
m a condition tor actual service, they col,I not
puisne the savages the interior. They should
emleaver to cut them oil ,,, their ingress (or egress)
a, Iron,,er points, where detachments ought ne
1 cessanU to he placed, to impede their entrance I
opera eaga,ns, then, i„ their territory, when a fa-’
voralno opportunity presented ; as, also, to resist
'"I”*' ; ..I*, j-lging from the aspect
-I I evas, is not very remote. The inference „e
*e'n'"l is tli.it if the Chiln,almains do not endeavor
ofs™,VV r '"rr"°r-V’ U,“1 l,u‘*isl1 l»'>nle
i.' ’ l"'r""l;,r.v,irl,<'rsmialservice,soon
er or later we shall all become victims.
Gone, a Govern,,,o,„ cannot aid „s, norcan Gen. 1
on- de’f. r"C!' a,slsl!,nc‘: "li,k'! disposition for
rlii. G organic. mi!i,Uh"T^ "l" Hi,ical !•
or l, - . 1 tin ir niuaetpa11ties, to act
oth*ii«n e'y and defensively ; that .bey promote, by :
every possible men ns, the military imm,,,
those ivlm render personal servicp ; ro||e,
iribiitiiiiis of those exempted todpfrav t|„
ms of the war: lortifv stations ami ,,'.1'''
In forming parapets of the btfastworlss, ,l'1'
mil in short, that they innilcale on the M,,. ' ’
in their respective depot tments, the
that we must defend ourselves or die. |
limcture, we must necessarily chose the f,r„'
mity, a* well from the interest of si ll'-pre.,,,
as tli.it it would he the greatest insult
('Itihitnlmnn name, to stifTer one liundred :,mj' r
thimiaml inhabitants to perish hv the ;'„lv
handful of savages. This, indeed, wnttld V
delihle disgrace. Permit it tin!. \\ e can
the enemy. V igorous and valiant men .1- ‘ j
avenge the dealli of onr hrollti ts.
To arms, then, rn-pntrints ! Uenmmtr,
the entire w irld that, nlilmngli ahondoned nj'
ntvii defenee and limited resources, we hnou
to pnnislt the p resumption of a cruel and |,nrb|,""
enemy.”
■uni ivvric i
COL. i,am;.
Togrthir will, Ollier mi|il<-nsunt Florid**
rereivrd through llie Clmrleston tw«N|ia|M,r,"
llinl ol llie dcolli of (’ol. Lillie. A privnie | ,'
was reeeivfd in tins city yesterday, stating dj'*'
had conimitteil sttiritle. Tins mi'hinrhufy jnl,,j
enter, in which it was Imped there nn,Sl’llllt.n
take, is now rendered certain. i
Col. L ine had keen advanced hy Gum-ral J,.s
to the cnniniand of the friendly Creeks and * |)tl,
dred regnhirs. Willi this body it seems lie gnl|an,
Iv in.tilt 11is way to the banks ol' die Wj,^
conchie, from Tampa Hay, to eo-operaie «it|||,
vernor Call, who approach! d the river from the „r
posite direction.—When lie leitched the river '
found that (5overoojf_Call liad retrograded |n p...
Diane, to which place lie had orders to lollou |j
succeeded in e.xtricatiil/!' himself front his diliir •
position, and tilmnt two hoots alter hi» jiinetion »
Gen. Call, nt Fort Di ane, teruiinaied liis |if,. lt
falling on Ins sword.
The papers received give no light as to the
id this distressing occurrence ; not even a cottier,
lure is offered.
Col. Lane was a young mail cifhi.lt nttainincii',
and promise—was indefatigable in !.i> |'itr-.iilt> aid
lull ol mental and pctsotml energy. Ilf had t|,8
i nlire eonfidi nct> ul his contniander, (hut.
who entrusted him will, the delicate anti Itigltlv re.
sponsible separate command which he I d' im.,
1' lurid.i. This tlt'eadful terinimitinn of hi, rarn r ,
still a Iteax ier blow to his ttnhappv father, the ||
Amos Lane, w ho had received intidligenri' nf ■
death of an acconi] lislted daughter, ju>t l.ef.>re i|.»
close cf the last session of Congress. \(ilol/e,
Aooijtion in PoitTt.AND—Welrnrn from tie
I’ortlanil Coui'ier, that the meeting of the J|a;,t
\ nti Slavery Society, at the Friend’s 2Meetin<
House on Wednesday evening, was serinnslv ilii.
torlied hy riotous proceedings. The nioh,n |*m
portion of whom were hoy «, amused themsehis 11
damaging windows, repeateiily forcing oni n tlie
dour, hallnuiug, swearing and hissing, and tH-liing
the andiet'ce with eggs, and after the met ting hn.kt
tip, and the andienre retired, one of them re
ceived two severe blows upon the side ol hislitag
which nearly felled him to the ground. Hermit
rd, however, and retreated to a house near bi
w ith the mob at his heels till he entered the i!»or.
The rase of the ('resident ami Directors of tie
Hank of Maryland, in the name of Tims, K Hirin',
H'chard W. (till and John H. Morris, Trustefsof
; die Hank of Maryland, vs. H. W. II etrson (il I
(’iiicitm iti, Ohio,) ramr on for trial on Motni..
; the 'J 1J11 nit. I he case alter argument was given lu
die Jury on Saturday night. Verdin fur tie
i I'laimiffs jjH4S,G()-J,2L Ail the Im inripnt •»(* flip
above amount, with tlir exception of about $27,
000, bad been remitted bv Mr. II owson, but ii not
having I ren paid over to the Batik ofMinUmi
i by tin* \"ruts u ho received if, Mr. IF. is Id ' •
• gaily responsible F*»r the full aino'int,
A duel was fought in Louisiana, on WcJnesu r
morning, the 5ib tilt, between V. K. Howard, E<
editor of the Mississippian, nml J. (■. \. Bouc..
vile, Esq. editor of the State Rights Banner, grow
ing out of some editorial personalities indulged in
by both parties. Col. I all, Mr. I*rice and M
1. award, acting as the seconds and friords ofY. E.
Howard — Maj. Coflee, A. IF. Johnson, and Mr
Menefee, seconds Ai friends of Mr. Bouchelle. Th»
first fire of both proved harmless—hut on the sf*
rood shot, Mr, Howard wounded bis antagonist,
bis ball sinking the l ight, and passing through in
to the h ft thigh. I lie wound is not regarded as
dangerous ; am I Mr. Hnuchelle will, in nil prubi
bilitv, he it Me In he oil ln< feet in eight nrlen dan;
nnd thus the iilf.iir I'tnletl.
Li.nnnr.u Stock.— I’lte ship China, just arr.
veil hi Charleston horn Liver|wol, has on board,
all in good condiliiiou and fine health, a nnniber
o( hlonil horses, some I.noons sheep and dogs, fur
Colonels Hampton and Singleton, of South Caro
lina.
HONK,ST—The editor of the New Castle
((>■ I-M Lizette, places the rut of a jackass under
biv editorial head. V cry appropriate for a Van
Horen print truly, and we would suggest the de
vice to all others of the same stamp.
[*• y Courier.
"» 111 ■ '■ ~ '.. V ;i ■IfuMi - - I • —
ID SUPPLY OF GOODS,
27“ Bought since a decline in prices at
the Worth.
10IIN J. I'UIIVIS informs bis customer*
a,,d Hie public, that, in addition to the Roods,
bought tor )nm. by a triend, in the early part of thf
season, he lias lately purchased in the Northern mar
kers, and is now receiving
A HEAVY STOCK OF
FALL AND WINTER DOODS*
Many ol these Hoods had fallen inucll below tbepn*
res paid in the first part of the season ; be is there*
fore prepared to offer great inducements to puicha
5>crs. He will name only a few of the articles, fi*:
Blankets of all kinds, some very large Hose.
I' lan.nklm ol all colors, some white, verv cheap,
Linseys, plaid and plain,
A large lot ol Fulled Cloths, for men servants* I®*4
er than usual,
L vssi n ktt, a piece or two very fine, at .*2 : 2." pr
Ho. all grades, at lower prices,
Kentucky and Ohio Jkans, an excellent arti«lc f°r
gentlemen’s wear, and very popular,
W stings, all kinds,
Version do. a few patterns, a superior article,
Mkhino Circassians, plain and printed,
Damask Jiff d do. idl colors, a new and handnont®
article.
' 'LIcoks. Lac ks, Mi si.ns, Dress Handkcrchi^^
nil kinds, &c. iVc.
Also, a A 7\S\ SHOPS *$• CAPS, ami
groceries ol nil sorts,
*>ith many other articles, too tedious to mention
No will again say to his friends, they will do #n'
to give* him a call before they buy, as his stack,
amount, is not surpassed by many in this place.
lor chtujmc.is by none.
I.vnchburg, October 31 6irH
ono Prize of £7,000 for only £2 #° :
And 40 Prizes of 400 is £15,000 !
WHEELING, EXTRA, No.7.
Draws in Richmond on Thursday.
.\cirs received on Saturday nr it.
SCHEME!
I Prize ol $7,000 l Prire of
I <lo of 2,300 | do of
1 'In of 1,0:14 1 do of 601
10 Prizes of 400 70 Prize* of 7
Reside* many of $20s. 15s. 10s. ,5s. &c tee
Pickets only* 82 50—Halves 81 25— 4iuar>*ts
'24 cents. For sale a, „_
WF.RF.TT S OFFICE
Nor. 7