Lynchburg Virginian. [volume], October 31, 1844, Image 1

About Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?

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|r TOLliil- TO ii*v/'1 1 • »v *T. 1 Tit.S.tl.__I.Y\tlinmti, THIUCMDAY »!OES VI i.( ( OHJ tC :u, isll. l-o/,. 1 lllf-.1V.. or.
lfirxiiJSo
XJ. “THB LYNCHBURG VIRGINIAN,
^ylished semi-aseekty, (every Monday and Thursday,)
i* F , Dollart per annum, payable in advance. All sub.
•* ^***r receivedfor a shorter time than sir months;
script*'1 discontinued, (except at the discretion
'miTIditon,) u,,tit"" uire"raS”
VlM Qpy£HTlSEME*\"TS inserted at SO cents prr
^ i,ts) for every inner form insertion, and ST t
square (or less) for every outer form insertion.
j- jiDVEU'TISF.K is ilylured to note, on his
tj ascrip1' hose lung he uishes Ins advertisement inserted ;
""^Qcrpiemtnt, not so noted, iciil be inserted till iIs d.s
m i,outviee be ordered.
yHJilll.Y JtUTEIlTlsJ.W; the terms arc , for
ffieitege of two Squares, $40 ; for one square, yZ > . for
quart, inner firm, >i;,. Every yearly vdrcittsrr
,n,U H re jaired to confine hit advertising to his purlieu
la, tins of business.
^ jQif pttlsiTJ'IJYTl executed .neatly and expeditious
ly and on reasonable terms. _
tnixi s,n,v.
BY authority of a certain (let’ll of trust. < xeculcd by
Kolierl L. Coleman ami .lames I’. Colentan, da
ml the 21st day of.lat nary IS? 13, and of reeord in the
clerk’s office ol Amherst county court, the understand
will, on the 27" I li day of November next, il fair, if not,
the next fair day thereafter, offer for sale, at the re.,j
deuce of (apt. John Coleman, near New Chsumw,m
Amherst county, the follow iii(j real and pi rsonal proper
,,.,„rso much lliereuf ns will pay ami satisfy the Dal
SlicebfMie debt in ihe said deed mi i.lmm d, viz: tho
T.i A< T C!B’ ?V\ !».
owned by the said lUicrt I.. Coleman and .lanes I*
Coleman, described as laying upon the water* of lloffi
i.ie Kiver, m Ainhcrsi c..iiutv, ailjoiimio llie lands'
then owned by DaviJ S. CailauJ, JuJof Tl.ouipsoii
and others, tsumat'd to contain
fU*23 tterrs,
inure or lex*, it being the samo land upon wliieh Capl.
.lull#Cehwsn til. II resided and formerly owned—(the
imiitoveiuenls are suited to a gonlei I family .) and I In- I >1
luwino .Slaves, willi llie iiicroasi ol the h miles since the
da's of the deed, viz: N< !*on. M ■ 1.s o. \\ i oston, lion,
Dally and her child 6ally, li i. m, alius lie.idu. Si
rah, Elmira and her inlant el. hi mimed-—, .lone,
Sally, Molly, No,vton, Jack, * 1 nry, Edmund ami Uo k.
’I’erma, al sale.
Whilst (lie Idle to the above properly is hell. -v.-d to
lie neflecl,action :,s 1 rostocs wo shill convoy acividmo
ly. S. dilil.AN'l). { Trustee*
LtOliEllT TlNSLEV.i 1 " u '
Oct. 28 *27N
Ji XT 02’ S'..XT. Et
Avarifiv of'ji’iR. a’non" ubic'i w ill I c fmnd Tin !
Ornament*-, NeHJnn*, Hrcaut pin*, Hutton C;.isjn»,
llcad bant!*, Head*, £o\, £v<\
J. II. FITZGIHHOX,
Haul iImirlrn.
Oct. 28 ts
upwards
DJFFKUKNT kinds t.|’ Fancy Articles, T-.ys, Per
turnery, . vw.e , just » j! 11 11•_» | r Nab* cheap,
vlitilcsalc in retail, at J. 11. I’ » 1 ZHIHUON,
Head Qtun la s.
On. 28 ts
wwisKJ.va
CIOOX ilra.k E»'Jo Hi-..!*. H..<r Heads, iVKd.rd
J Heads, | lain beads, and no beads, Walking
Can#*, to ureal \arit ty, ai
J. n. fit^gihrox,
Head (Jnurtns.
Ocl. 28 is
Chinn, t!lass amt H.arfUctuvarc.
sign ov Tin: inti pjmn a.
Lynchburg, V u.
^|1HE Bnhs.*rih(-r, thankful f<r past lav. r-<, takes this
I inetli *<1 i>|informing1 all who may be in want<! any
■ nidi1 in his line, that hn» assortment n »w vi ry * x
tensive, ami ihe largest p irtiun of his G als of fie.sli iin !
jKjrtation, which he is determined to f II :it a ^ nail a 1
v.mce; and not being; afraid to sli i\v h:s goods and i< 11 pri
*’***• he asks all who may he in want of any article to
eall and see tluMiisi Ives.
COt/NTRY MERCHANTS,
" ho have n^t bought their stuck lor the fall, «.r those
win inay have done 90 ami ft.id any article w anting te
make tlieir assirlmrnt more co.nplt te, if tiny will;
H've him m rail or send an order, he assures them they
►hall have every article as I *w* as the Mine can he
bought ul any regular house in Virginia.
I). \V. MOORE.
jOct. n
AKOAP*,
MFRICAN. Hr tifc.li and Gentian Perfumed S aps '
h*r •liavinir t,r washing, in cpiairnieh to suit pur
«iMcratai J. II. I l l I ZGIRRO.N,
^ lie id (Juui Icrs.
_Oe'.2S l9
A (In 111:1 n (inc C:ui<!l< s.
Sl'PFRIORTO WAX ORSI-FIJM. FOR SAI.K
AT UEF.U & KM lK.ltSO.NS’
June 3 t,
JAroritc, Oils and
C.1SES UCOltUE,
2‘) buxes and baskets Olive 0:1.
125 kegs Warehouse arid Ilex Nails.
Landing and ibr sale by
EDMOND, WATSON &. Cu.
Sept. 2« is
BATS ! HAT & J ! BATS ! ! !
■nil THF, Sulwefiber h.s on band, and is
lyM constantly niatiiifacliiriiig,ni bis old stand,
an cxtoiigive assortment ol Hn/s oi every va
* fluty, nnd of the lutett fasliu.n$.
He sohuils a call lro;n bis friends, customers nnn
tlie public generally, to wlmm be pledges himself as
herelul'ure, that m point uf beauty and disability, hi..
»UT» ciuitul he excelled. Such as are in want nf articles
in Ins line, Would do well to give hint a call hi lore
purchasing elsewhere, as ho is determined to sell vny
low lor cash. .J A CO 11 KKMliOKKiE
II—The pressure of the times constrains him to
urgently request all those indebted to hint as a^cr.t, tu
call and settle tlieir accounts.
May 27 ts
I.0ITD02T PORTER,
4)0 Ho* QUARTS >
AO 33 do l’INTS, ’ J superior quality. at
. . REEJ3 fc EMMERSON’S.
June 3 Ig
I*! to is ntr,vBovatrs
*'AI*1|io>a UI.K Fl'lt A IVES NII.lt IE AT
Rt 2? UPAOTORY.
A This old stand, three doors below the Maiket House,
_ . Lvxchlcku. Va.
Oet Ifi „
BKSI1F.es OLD corn, r.ran’e low lor
5cri»<'4,h l} I3'Tl TENSEEY k t'°
kkw i vt.i, v\.» niv E i:u uoouy,
Jim umnreii ,rc ihe /ul
timo he cash scout:,
LtscHarno, \ ..
RIO ARDS. RIAN Sc CO.,
Importers nstet llenteis m staple nttei
I f?:/1 u t: ootts,
* 1^ \LK great pleasure iu announcing to their friends
-I niiit ihe piitd.e, that limy are new receiving a very
extensive sio.*k of srveu. am* fin« v noons. einbra'
cine all the lu w and most tushlunatilc sly les imported,
a Vi ry lar.;e proportion ot which Uufihcir reeeiil I in per
tatioiis hy ihi’ 1Vi r j»ool I’lchcls, •*(j|i.\Cfc UftOWN,”
*' I .1.1.1 l” Wild •* I,R OM
1 hi y v\.i| as tisn*i b« receiving miEsti hi.tpi.ies
\vi.?.i: I. v i'wri'i.: the season, from the r lla. more part
iu rs, which oi\tthem a very great advantage ever ev
ery other house in the upper country.
ii is their del EiniiiHlieu m continue to sell at the very
/irins <j tin J\urihn-n cilia, to do w hich in go *,/
JuitU i!'« y w ill Lc euiiptlied to continue to sell for i van
OM.V.
\ cry great exertions have been made n* procure the
viosl elegant (lUOih imjxirlcd. as they are determined
ihe lvdiks of ia M'liuniii and ns vicinity shall he fa
vt*red with tin muvi.st, the hriikrt, the iiasmsomusT
and t!ie ir.st i.ooiHthat the Northern markets will
furnish. They give below a list of a few articles iu
their extensive assortment:
UO.MK^ ncs--‘id,000 yards brown and blenched Do
inesiies, all widths and qualities—prices fr uu GJ
cents to the finest.
CALK OLS—1 •J.l’dO yarils Calicoes, new and beat.ti
till styles, tV"in Gl cents to the finest.
IUIMI 1.1N l.NS—fill puces lush Linens of tin* best
hleaeliei ies, price *£i cents per yard to the finest
nnnoried — l piece super super do. the finest ever
se* a in this mark* t at per \ ird—‘J £ dodo. fur
pdlow etn-cs, a very scarce article.
s on thb: *i>;b*:^
SIM’S-a very large Hsorimriit uf splendid Silks for
dresses, uin um which may he found some as rich as
Were ever uttered 111 this market.
SILK WARP Al.I'ACCA M MRK— the genuine
sir; ;*h*. *
TRIPKI) and 1*1. \ 11) < II\MKMO\.dn do
SLACK AN D HI .1 KRLWk BO MRAZINT.S—a
Jim art'*|.», mi AI ,*io. usual price $l,7A.
C AS11 M K4 . OK t OSSK-el'the verv (‘meat quali
ty and l.'est Paris style*, one oft tie riciiesi and
m i- ! eh emit s'ylea of goods, h r ladies’ dresses ini -
purled.
UKP CASH V KRK—nn entire new style, and cer
l.vidv l*«.» nt 11 it I J'lds Or ladies’d reason.
CASILMKkK PO.MPKDOI R— a new and splendid
nr* tele.
CAM I Ail'. Ill' P ROC Al)KS—a very handsome style
el ge .ds nMil vet v cheap.
AKKOHAN SA'I IN—lur ladies’ drpRges,a very supe
rur ar'iele. and verv fashionable.
AKIN*HAN ( RAPKS, do dn do
MOl >K OK LALNLS—in very great variety of qual
ii h s. B‘ * les and prices, from PJ? eta. up—among
whirli v\ i! 1 he (bund some the finest and most i h
g; nt g ds (ho believe ever seen in tins market.)
f a!! and see tlmm.
KUKNCll AND KNGLISU COLORED MKRI
NOKS —( In ar*er than usual hv AO percent.
PARI-' I. 1P.ROIDLRKI) ROliKS — Wrought in
plait, a ;d la iey '-.dors, I >r party dresses, certainly
the mi:-;! h. nu 11 In I golds imaginable.
Will IK. PIN K, BLLK, RL U k, CIIFRRV
AND.STRAW' COLORKD i\KLKTONS.
2 yds. vv.de for evening dress, very beautiful and
clu rip,
TUKNt H KMRROIDKUKI) COLLARS AM)
\ AND\ kivS—of the newest styles, from 7A cts.
up.
LINKN CAMBRIC HANt/’KKS.—n very large as
s rtmeui ft uii P_’ cl-• to j}o0 a puce, in all the
newesl styles of iiem>ttoll, Ut vnre and Kmiiroul
ered, certainly the richest goods lube found in tin*
upper country.
SHAW' LS — PKLYTK1) CASil.M KUK SHAWLS
— a very r• ■•U article.
BLA* k iAliWIA OTTOMAN, and (.’harm lion
( ii ing»*.i!de Silk Si | \WI,S—from $A to tin- (iuesu.
M l KR MLk VLLVKT MJAWLS—a new and
splendid article.
KMRUOIOKRKI) CKAPK SHAWLS—the riehest
goods i seen m Hus mar hot—price, from I'U to
5 UK) a niece.
G£OTX.Z2HffXSirS V7EAR.
( LO TIL'S Black, Itim nijck, luvis. (irccn, London
Hi <wn, Olive, R li ■ (rnvM, Navy Blue and Cadet
Mixed, ranging in )*ri::»*s from $ 1.75 to llie Jinuttl
w " I .!>.••! rilKNCil BLACK.
HI' A\ ER l I .< >11 IS. - I>i iw u, HI '.ok and Blue.
PILOTS ■. 111! 1 I.I Si I IN i IS—a Lrge Mipply.
C ASSI M EH i:s—uf every <h script!uu,m plum and funey
roli.r-s, u»n"fig wliieli will be found HON JEANS,
ti ! Fn neh (':i<s:me es, and one picc»* super. black
French DOE SKIN,ot superior ij iiililv.
VF.S I’INliS—Hest English and French SA TINS— 1
pi. v e -e.ipr. liguM and riolicd black Silk N esting, a
kpietitlid <£01 )<!•«.
FRENCH C VM1MERE VESTINOS-uf splendid
ijualily ; l.Coidcri all the lower grades and styles to be
io.l id.
SCAlil’.^wv NECr.ERUIIErS—uf every descrip
tion, sumo uf the liuesl bdiin a.id Cashmere bcarls
ai t -5.
• fit lien ft i•#/ €S oo tin.
BONNE I\S— a large u»b irimcnt ofiliH rent styles.
>11.K VELVETS—and Bonnet SILKS indifferent
shades «»( Colors.
FEATHERS m FLOWERS—of every description.
UliiliONOS—a very large assortment of newest stvl**s.
A id S <* —
\ very large assortment of Kerseys, Fulled (Moths,
Sulim.ns. Monkey Coatings, Blanket*, Linseys, &x\,
&.*•,, all of which can and shall be sold Cheaper than
the Cheapest, as our terms are (’ash O n I y.
We cordially invite all to examine our stock before
purchasing, and w o feel cut fident of selling them their
go< m!p.
U f return our hearty thanks t > mir friends for llirir
past wry leberal patronage, and pledge every exertion
un our part to merit it i.i lu'ure.
lilt AKI)S, HVAN & CO.
Next dour to liryant 6c Young.
Sept. 19 la
Si MM WORTH S3:,9iM.Y.li: Y.
MRS. R. V. LOMAX. Principal.
MRS .1 AMRs FllKKM \N DANA, Associate Prin.
J s M'lS Seminary, situated in tlie town of Liberty,
5 li, df .rd County, \ a., will be open for tbe rtcep
ii in of pupm. tbe Ist uf October.
|i is li e object of lilt' Principals to impart to the stu
dents a n.o fill a. well as trnauif ii'al education. For
tliispurp.no, Mrs I.. and Mrs. D. will be aided by com
petent assistants.
1 UK TF.RMS WILT, RF,
Tutti m in Fnglish, Ibr the Ut t lass $20 pr. 5 montlis,
<■ “ 2nd do 15 " * *
Junior class “ F* '* 44
'Fniumi in Firm h, 5 44 44
Mu'-ic—-Piauu $25, Harp $35; Guitar $18 pr. .Tmonlhs
Board 5U “ 11 4‘ t
Drawing. Painting; Latin, German, at Professor’s
charges.
p;ain and Ornamental Needle work, $ ) pr. five months,
i'se uf Mus'eal Instruments $2.
F.aeli Young lady furnishing her bedding and towels.
Payable one hail'in advance.
p. isrd may also tie obtained in many respeclablo fami
lies is the Tillage. ,,
Reference*_Judge Stanard and James Lyons. I'.-rp,
Riebmond: Judge Iximox, Fredericksburg; Rev. Dr.
I la w ley and Rev..Mr. Laurie, 1st Presbyterian *■ Lurch,
Washiiirrmn; Gen. Gordi, i and lion. Win. C. Ht*e*,
| Albemarle, D-. P. U. Gilmer, Lynchburg; Geo. 1.
I'l'ajlne, R.itetiinri.
Uedlbrd, Sept. 19 **
JDDRZSS
OK
DR. SAMI Kl. A. CAUTWUlliUT.
On the ProU'ctivi* Pnliry.
nKi.iVF.itr.ii in n \ ir'ii!-./,. si.rT. i i.
It may be necessary to premise that 1 a.it not a Whig,
but a Detn<>ei:ii; ami that I never expect to change inv
polities, or pul ii iet a I pimclph'H. I have taken u*y stand
on tin.' Democratic doctimc of'“measures, not men.” 1
believe, Kineetcly, that on that great und vital measure,
a discriminating I'aril] or, in other words, ivinnirrctiftl
independence ot (Great lintaiii,— llie \\ lugs are now oe
eupymg the ground that the obi Republican party, and
Democrats always strenuously maintained, and wlti«lt
no orthodox Democrat ever thought ot abandoning until
veiv recently. F.very treeiuuu lias tin* right ol disci n
neetiug him-< If, I *r a season, from his party, or of pul
ling hack, when ho believes his party le.ulets are going
wrong. Democracy luely accords tliis privilege to all
her votaries, and enjoins u as a duty on all thorough go
iujf Democrat?, to exercise it, whenever, in their judg
im nt, it becomes nceessary. It is tIm reserved right of
the people over party leaders. If it were never t \« rci
sihI, there would No n he no use < f the people troubling
themselves about political matters at all, but they might
as wi ll give the whole up to their political Ic.nb-rs, both
to nominate for them, and to vole f.»r them. The very
essence of <1.'in icracy is the people ruling principle, and
thn* pr ip!c accords to every man the light to think und 1
act lor hirtiC. If.
I laving gniil this much in explanation to my demo t
cratio friends, to show them that I did n i love my parts
the less, hut my country tlie mere, I now proceed to c.-n
sidcr that measure on w hieh, iinlortimaiely, there ex
ists a difference of opinion—a dill reueo which,! since id
ly hope, will he but h mporary.
I Ii ul, from tin notes I have made, in trying to in
form myself «.n the Hubjetr ul the tariff, that from the
fouuduli hi < I the Federal (Government until the elo-.e of
the late war, that llm pdiey, id regard to foreign
nations divided partus, and, niuro especially,
the pdiey in regard to Iviglaud. Commercial
independence, | arttculaily eutninereial independence of
F. igland, was the cherished «l .eirme of tin* old repuldi
can party. Kven the old federal party ol that day did
uut dare • spotise openly the doctrine ot commercial de
prudence on i m riand, as Mr. M 'Dufli.' and h me nmd
«*rn politician?. have lat. ly done.
Flip Amiiieau peopb had jus! gn.i rd tin ir isditieal
independence. tin.I they 1 • • ” ' d alter commercial indepen
dence likew i-c. The h-deralisis were I r putting ihem
off by advocating the policy «d building a navy. The
republicans opposed the navy scheme id t'l coming imle
pendent, btcam-v. in the then iiiipov* i mbed condition of
tan country, it was impracticable. The republicans,
under Jiff, r.son and Madi.ui, took a shorter road to be
come independent—that road was the r« >irietive p <lie\
I *>1 euiharg -e-., uou-iuiercourse and non-importation acts
i under jeffer-on's administration, ami war, war to llm
i knile, tin K r M;idt,son's. I’veiy neh of this road was eon
j tested by the federalists —(as will he seen i*y n ferring
i to the pr.'Ctnine- - of i!. -e tim* > -Niles.’;- Register,
I volume?, p.ig< s JJ1 and iJ'U ) Jt ffersoii was accused
of being friendly tu inauuf.iciure-', and hostile to ogrieul
j lure and commerce. Acting uuiler the power, granted
j by the c .tr-dilutiun, to regulate eummerci, he was ac:
••used of d* str«>yiug'•iiinmer.-.- by los rest riel ive pol.ev.
So anxious was .l» fl, is on, at onu lime, to make this
country e i.niiu reially. as well as politically, free ol (Great
Uritai.i, tliat be w is u d I-r an o<a ai of fire to srpaiulc
\tueriea from F.urope. It was mulct Jt.il’ r-.wn\s ri >irie
live policy that luamd'aeturino <>u a l.u-.t* • was emu
luenced. I was under his ndinihi-iraiieti that our c..t
ton facturits started into existence. Before the war
under M idi-on’s administration was ended, (Great Bui
am, in dismay, sa »v that the Amciican inautili.etoiies,
which had sprung up undvf lefleriutFs retri live vs*
u in and Madii-en’s war, were rapidly making tin* l. ni
led Stall s r imtnereially imlejM'iulent id evi ry other i.»
lion, both for maiki-ts ami fur Mipplns. (Great Britain,
pi d.smuy, saw 11>;it the prayer of V\ ihliingtoii w as a*
bout in he answered, am) that the manufacturing system
| would sroll give hss e eiotry, in hi* own word-., “/,V
coni iuiiiil of it, own Jin tune*"— (see el is** ot Farewell
A hires .) Ii is idle to suppos that any country ran ev
j 4 r have, humanly speal ing, “the comoitnd of iis own
I fortunes” without a well established luanufactuiiug
system.
Alter tor w ar was ended, it w as s oft perceived that
[ our manufacturing system would g i down, end that wt
! would again fall hark into coiiunc reial dependt nee on
| Kugland lor our supplies and lor our markets, unless
some r.\|x dient w as resorted to, in order to sustain it.
In 1810, the last \t ar of .M.oJis ohs administration, the
| discriminating tariff'policy was adopted by the republi
| rin party, fir the d jubji* purpose of raising sufficient rev
; eoue lor tin* (iovrrnmrnt, and, at thes.'wnu time, to ear
ry out ltie old p< liey «»| making An.rr.ra eoinineri iallv
1 indep'nd-ut of (ireal Britain and (lie w old, by sustain
ing, lostei in j, and proteuting our manufactories, to the
full extent ol ilierevemn , by discriminating duties, suf
li •lent lor the purjHise. We have the authority of Mr.
Calhoun, in a late speech, that he, together with almost
t!ie entire Seitli, voted Ihr the Tariff*of 1810. Neither
Mr. Calhoun n<»r Mr. Clay, deserve any particular praise
for the support whieli tbev gave to the dUcriiniiiating
Tariff’ ol 1810* 'i bat Tariff’ was a democratic mea
sure, and boili those men were prominent leaders in the
democratic ranks.
I i lint i n iff’, the manufac'uri s of cotton, costing \ ss
than 25 cents per square yard, are rharged w iLti a duly
of 25 pe/c nt, Ihr live years, and 20 per cent after three
years, together with an additional duty of 20 per cent
if imported from beyond the Cape of (j iod Hop*1, and an
additional dutv > f 10 per cent, il imputed from any nth
er p’ace. T’lius a yard of cotton Worth only 5 cents, or
any sum under 25 cents, was valued at 25 emits, and an
additional duty of 10 percent, if imported from Kuropn
and 20 per cent, if brought from beyond the Cape of
(Jo id llojie.
The present tariff*of 18 12, impure* a duty of 30 per
cent, on all cloths costing less than 20 cents. The pre
sent tariff, therefore, of 30 percent on a minimum ol 20
I cents, imposes a smaller du.y than the tariff of IMG,
! w hich valued the cloths at 25 cents as tbe minimum
| valuation per square yard, added 10 per cent, if from Ku
! rope, or 20 pi r cent if from Asia, and then on that a
I mount charged a duly of 25 per cent, for three years,
and 20 percent, afterwards.
The tariff* ol I b 1G iir.pos.ed a duty of $30 per ton on
all hemp—in that of 1812, the duty inns from $-0 to
I 40 per ton.
The wid*of 1810 imposed a duty on sugar of 3 cents
per p iiind^th it of 1812, 2 1 2 cents. In 1810, molasses
• 5 cents per gallon; 181.2, 4 I 2 mills per pound, that is,
i o 1 2 e* n's per gallon, instead of 5 cents.
t The tariff'of IMG was a democratic measure; its whole
; frames work was constructed with an eye single to ni:i
| king the people of the United 8'nlcs Independent, com
I mcrcially independent, of Knglund and the world, by
means of the re venue which they paid to their own gov
ernment. Thu* the revenue i xtoned from the people,
i after serving the purpose of moving the wheels of govs
eminent, was not lost like w nstc w all r, I ut was, by the
\ wise contrivance of discriminating duties, made to put in
I liusy action the w heels of m*i mi lari u ring and mochani
‘ cal industry, which would otherw ise have stopped, and
have throw n America back to a servile depend cnee on
l^urope Ibr articles of primary t«< ceRsity. But the ben
i fil ial effects ol the discriminating tariff’policy, commen
ced in IMG, did not stop here. By protecting the pro
ducts of manufacturing and mechanical industry in A
j merica, against the products of Kurepean pauper labor,
, it extended tlie Rggregatr demand f r American labor,
and thus increased the w ages of American laborers, me
chanics and artizans of all kinds.
The wages oi labor, like every thing else, is inffuen
red by supply and demand; by tlu* activity and itiacijvi
ty of business. It requires no learning or knowledge ol
political economy, f.»r any man of good mother wit to
i perceive, that a tariff, by giving activity to various
! branches of Uminr ss, must inert a so tbe demand for lab i r.
* and, of coirse, increase the ivagr* of lab r. Nothing hut
metaphyseal attractions. draw n from brwiidering s0ph
| iMtiiM o| Knghah tv s', etna of poltlieul economy, ran con*
l tioVi rl tins p ^niuit. or niuko a ppioiieal hoimMi* ntm
believe otherwise. Hill another gir.it henelit n| the ills
criminating lanll el lS|t», of vlmlis m’s wur which pre
j e#«i*:il it, nn<l .Irlh is.mi’h nulrietive pulley, which pr* ee
I ileil the war, wjik, lh.it il riot only laid the ground vxoiK
j“l commercial independence, I i all articles nt primary
. necessity, huttl In mted the Amcncmi planter*, hn
Utters, mechanics, lihor is, and the poor every wd ere
throughout the l nn.n, lio it the l\ tniin\ ami exaetmns
nl uionop.i|is;s, and the iu artce id importing merchants,
l e lll'islrnt it We had no imlUnl eiir own, hut hud
to hi nd oitr wheat to Kurupe to he ground into |1 uir, it
is evident that the importing nieivhaitls wou d .11 the
Ilnur when thev hmujliltt into this o nintrv, lor midi pn
cun :is they ei.nld get, -lor dotihle or tre'ole pne« s, i| iiu y
emild extort them. I he domestic moll ij>oh*t mid spec
ulalor would purchase the l! air trout tin imjHittiiio mo
iiupoliutH to sell a eun ou a profit, and wuttl I extort what*
ever prices ill" tieee> all s el u people, w milue hie id.
W i ><i Ml i Oil) p>'i l Ik .11 lii ; I V i . I Intel Nil Cl I Cl I C|| IllSt !i 11
ers, u dtseri.n o ring duly en iui|>oi tod tl mr, t»y causing
the gradual eree ion .1 mills to grind « ur own wheat,
would hi mi so i. base Il*o | rople Irmn llm i xiicliona and
avarice 'I lire inoiiopolisis its Id make bread ebenp. The
jHior man, eating cheap bread, with the mounter mono
poly prostrate at bin leci, might v\« II hiiiiIu at those tie
lulled pul io al economists who Would i ill al the tax oil
imported tl »ur, as a tax levelled at tbe poor and nut a
gainst the m b. N>, also, the poor man wealing ciieap
elotluH, unuer a juJu inus discriminating tarill. oi»u well
all >rd lo pay a little to Hiistatn that system, w bieb made
bia clothing ebenp, by breaking dow n, through the aoen
cy ul domeatic iniimitacturcM at uv» ry man’s doer, liman
monopolies that made it dear.
Il New l ’.i» »!aiid bad nnlhlied, bn she ihrcntfned to do
the restrictive polit y el II U'. IS in; il llm t'l deialisls bad
succeeded i:» preventing the old republican parly lr. :u
drawing the sword against Knglund, and it i!u*v bad
succeeded in defeating the iIimi iminatmg t a rill policy
ot the republicans, we would even yet have been depeli
dent mi i*'„urope, and llm emiutrit * beymid tbe t ape ol
(•oid 1 !"pe, f»»r tbe elotlu s w o wt-a**, and would leave
been cum pel led to pay any pice which the avarice ul
monopoliMis and inifKM ini'*; im rchantw could extort ft mu
si net dy and dependent peni le. Happily, ||m doctrine
t!ial the pr tpelive duty is added lo the pr.ee, and m
creases the cost ol ibe protected t.ri'cli s to the lull « x
tent ol lii • duty in the I: i:; !u uf the eonstinu r, and tlmt
article* o| the li'. t neu v i i . si.eh t s arc e.i,,timed by
the poor, should nut ho protected, but that the poor
should he thrown on the leiidei imneies ol im imp .! sis,
to he ground lo the dust, did not prevent the old n puhli
can ( onores lr. in encouraging and protect mg our cot
ion lii e. oi lee bv high mititiuni v a I u.'t Iona, or of imposing
n duly i ! (I per n ut. ad vnloiem upon nil importation*
id .-addles, bridle-. liar,less, and all inaimf.ietures "I
leashei, all maniiliieiuie i o| wo-id, including household
furniture, carl ■■, w< gnus, eabim t wares, im.itnery ot all
s ris. !eri . caps, hi mu i«, piper, and many oilier bin bar
ti des, mo mdispe,.slide to the laboring poor, and w hich
\\o ii.. w obtain 9u much cheaper than then. The la bur
iug poor ol those dai si b ad tlio exact ions and extort i ilia el
monopolists loo 11• •:• 11 in their memories to rest-t (be w
i y no :e ure w bieb w :is especially in I endc. I to in die them
inde-ii i.deiit of I reign nation a c. (him s' e iiioiipolirs, tor
ihe ci'int a is of 11It? dial they could prodm e al liuuie.
The w im* men, thou at tin- bead of tbe (•overnment,
bad the i. irolleetiou too tresli in their inesiiorie . ol the
hitler foils ul t! r :• l sysU oi limb r old .! dm Adam ad
niiitistralioii. which has latel) lm u tligi.Mnd with the
apj.- Hal;, .i i I ir. • trade, to he draw n into tl !>y tli<* m«i1>
lletU h and refined aiiMiu.enta to he met with in I'rngli.-h
hi !. • on | ditie: 1 . . in. i,y. Il w:.s ini Midi line pun
I bet 11 ie.S !*« tho-e o| South ( 'il I. d ilUi’.i ftVio It .oil, l.oW »• '
j 'jnilar m ibe N u'd:, and so mli eliou.s, (ms emaualion.i
. I i masler mind alu a\ •- are.) w ho. Ii inll.i. ms d tin m ~
hut it w a:-, tin |.!..lii unit u i .. | I. i ! a: 1 j n.etii a I opr t:t
lion id ilo in e ti.ide • , stem, uiiih i fair and lull t,\p.-ll
• ice, w bieb bad jus' bin tried, (fur ( mvi niineul bad
blit ion ntly ollered free trade lo all tbe world our
polls laid bt en optin .1 to all nation.) iidem.il lax.at ton
la d In • Il n sorted to, ill null r to re!«-;..->e e .nom ree Ifolti
restriction*- and how vm re wen.el/ I lid the interns
of the World throw 'he ir p.rts e| en to ns 7 I) dine
trade oi. oni -ide id the v. ul, r give Iree ti: !e ell llie nth
«| •’ I ' l Tl 'in ' .1 11' , ‘*otl ,lli:\u r the (pa n! ioll. -
\\ h;b* the turiflTf I H (» was h. I. ie Cot gu-s, and he
hue tl e j a ..ipi• f the I ill,.)• If isn’. epmeis wi re ub
tatned through lb i . an n Austin, and wi ie as follow s :
| N’»: correspondence, vo|. 1, prims ‘.HI and 'j • j j
Sneaking ul the necorn nces under tire lien lr.«.!»• system,
in tin; clo.ioo| tl last i eiitury, be uaya ; “W ho could
have imnoimd tint we should ln»ve been despoiled uf
a thousand slops, and have ill o an.! four citr/.mg re
duced to Alger.; i* slavery! \ • I all this has taken
place. Tin- llrilisli interdict. d to our vc-mIs nil bar
hoi- of the globe, w 'h nit having first proceeded to funuo
ol In rs, there paid a ti.bute pr porti ae d to the cargo,
and obtained h< r lu i ice I i ; roc. .1 to the port of di s
tiuatioii. The Fundi declared them to he law hi!
pr!/'.**, if they had touch'd at tie1 port, or been visited by
the ship oft be roomy nation. Thu , we re we complete
!y excluded I'm a the oer.vi.
( .impure ;In- stale of things with that of *-•■'. (win n
lie w rote bis Nt l* s on \ iigin a,) and say w hollo r an o
pinion founded in the cir U usance* of that day can he
burly apj lied to tin ‘.e ef the pre o nt. *'\\e have expo
rieneed, v. hat we did n t tin n believe, that f - ir < x
istfiholh pr lligacy and piwer enough to exclude ns from
the field of interchange with f <i* ign oath ns; that to be
independent lor tin* comforts of life, we must manufuc
turn them uiirs lv* m. \\ (• must thin place Itm* manu
laclurer l*y the aide of tin? agriculturalist. The former
question is suppressed, or rather as-umer. n new form.
Th<» grand ii.<jairy now is, shftll wo make our ow n com
f«n*, or go witiiiiiii them, ut the will of a foreign na
lion? He, therefore, who H now against domestic
ura nu fact u ns, must b ■ f-r redlining u* culler to drpen
deuce on that I -reign nation, or to ho elotlud in skin-*,
and to live like wiki he.'sis in dens and caverns, lam
not one of these. Kxprrirnee has lauglit iim that iiiantl
factures arc now as necessary to our independence as to
our comfort, and if lliosu w ho quote mo as <*| a different
opinion, will keep rac e with no? in purchasing nothing
f.reign, without regard to difference* in price, ii will u »t
be our fault ifwcrlo not s *u» h ive a supply at home
equal to our demand, and wrest that weapon of distress
Irorn the hand which has so long wantonly wielded it. Il
it shall he proposed to go beyond *.ur supply, the ques
tion uf'^i will then recur. Will our surplus labor he
mure profitably employed in tho culture ol the earth, or
! III the fabrications of art ? We have timo yet t .r c.»n
Mderaliou. No one axiom ran he laid down as wise and
expedient for nil time* and circumstance*. luatten'ion
i to this is what has called for this explanation, which
reflection would have rendered tmuccesHary with the
candid, while nothing will do it with ihcru w ho use the
f irmer opinion only an a stalking horse, to cover their
| disloyal propensities: to keep os in eternal vassalage to
a foreign and unfriendly p< 1
When these opinions w i rc given on the impolicy of
I what is now improperly called the free trade ms
tern, and in favor of the manufacturing policy, w hen
I we had just come out of a war in which we had been
victorious over the greatest kingdom of the curb. N' <t
w ithstaiuling we h ad pr >v. d our *d v* -. t> he so competent
to maintain our rights b.th unbind an Jon ocean, yet
Jefferson was decidedly epp - *1 to the booh me n *w
called free trade; he condemns tiie <J iC.rine which would
“fci ep us in vassalage to a foreign and tinfriefidly peo
ple,” as disloyal. arid disavow* the doctrine of'depen
dence on lljigland for our toaikets and supplies, nud
■ boldly declares that domestic manufactures are essential
lo our imlcpedence.
Sik'Ii W'ere J« fTersor*’* opinior.p, when ihe f-endations
* f our present protective or discriminating policy were
being laid by the old republican Congress. I.el it not be
I said that the tariff ofJ8l6 was a tariff f r revenue,
I merely to relieve the country i s embarrassments
and heavy debt, ami not t r protection. 'The face of
the bill affords undeniable proof, that tt was not only in*
tended os a tariff for revenue, but that it was also inten
ded to operate as a tariff fur protection. If* it had been
: f-r revenue merely, it would have mp* Md duties on all
I niir imports,graduating tiie duties according to the nature
i *f the imjMirti'd article, **• an to raise iim largest amount
I of revenue from the- ttra!* cat posable duties that would
(bring ibe required revenue, in accords nm with die pres
• iii «I -««' i r i in* of Noth ( amlins pultiniunv Hut the (see
ul the bill piuves Him il laifm*. I duties ii|mu n much (
h’"«r iniuiber ut ini|Hiriid nriieies thin dm s Hie is j
rill u| I " l*d. So In 11 uni ns H|>rcftdlug the duties out ’
upon all uii|H»ri.Miens, is ibe horitoutal duct nun would
have 11iii spread, 11 -i. fined limited thftn to asmill ]
er mi iii nir olitiindcs, nud made tin* duiieu more uue«|ual ,
than the pii v ni isiHi dors. I'\.r instance, doe* the
pH <Mii ihiH) impi t a duty "t two cents per square loot ,
'•n all ^ b\ ltd vn iuduw y L*-*, eotiMitned by the p**or man'
I I'M "I 1M t» imposed a duty ol*Jj cents. Does the i
pii nt thrill li\ Hie iniuiiiouit valuation of all cotton
fabrics, so extensively e<t-oi tiled by the poor every i
where, and whieli enter ho univi i -ally tutu theconaunip*
t tun ul Hie * outh, for negro eSuthing and other pniptKrs,
at a minimum valuation id V*0 cents? Tho tartlV ol
I '!<’ liv'd toe miuiuitiin valuation al J."> cents •therehv ■
nr I tin* duty much Inglitr oil Cot loti goods wmih
less than IH ci nt*, thuu the picseut tai it) does, ft also
imposed a higher duty on sugar ami ni"l..s-»s, so getter
ally eoioniiued hy the poor, ami many olhc nrlteles Hint
to lit I i on mi to d. Il liters should he nn y dotihl yel
remaining on the mind id any individual, that the old .
n publican tarill «d IHti, was not, in the proper sense of
tin word, n i*no ii < mi. land, and w an md inteinled to
lie ho, tluil diiiiol w i!l he nmoved by mining to the huiiii
til me outgo of J a u es Madison, December frill, IS1 f»,
Niles*n Kepi.-der, v> |. ‘t, page ‘JOf>, in which tlint great
Nlnle .man and liitlu r nl llu* Constitution espeeiully re
commended a tar.fl f r revenue nud^or inutrclion, to the
very Congre .-s, \\ hieh, lie loro ll.e h« Hsioii el used, fit
•idi u n Madison proceeds; "In adjusting llie ilulic*nil
imports In llu* «il*j« • !« ul i. venue, tin* inUnriici* ul tin1 la
nil upon mumilin'ure* will neee sardy j . enl il*f|l'l"l ,
considnation. However w l a.' the theory may I"', which
Iravos In llm s I||y un i interest ul‘ Hid 1V idtltd* the H p
|i| :«*:» I it ii ul il.nr indust i v niul iis tiroes, there lire in this,
it a n other eases, exception* In llm general rule.”
K( Milos llm eon 111 ton which llm theory it self implies,
ul a reciprocal ndopti m hy oilier nation*, experience
teaches that ho many circnm l iiico* must occur hi intro
ilueine an I muluriiig manufacturing « dablislnuenu.oupe
eiall v i I ihe more en nplicjIcJ kind*, lit il a eutmtiy may (
n i a;u ktiigwiili ut lliein, although sufficiently udvnu- (
• tl.an I ins .nr i • peels,p« uliarly titled i *rcarrying them
mi w itli mkvi t . I udcr circumstance* gi\ing u pnwcilul
impiiCr lu manufacturing iinlindrv, il ha* made among
11 s a | 1 • • and i xIdbiti d an i llieienry w hieli justify
'he 1 *• 1 it I lleil, with a p*opi r tnotrcliiui, not more than
Is dm lo il.e enterpiising cin/uns w hose interest* are
now ai eal.e, it w ill l.i eotrie, ill am urly day, not only
i al»*. a j linsf oee i .ional 1'iitiipeiiiion Irom aluoad, hut a
*'"**i1 oI del111: in w i a 11 h, and even of external cum*
nun*'. In si h i i og I ho branches morn especially end
ili d io public patronage, a pu li ion *o is obviously claim
• d by :Ii as will r* lit*\n the I oiled Stales limn a
di pi i.denoe on fori ign supplies, ever Mibj'vl to casual
I ih.it •, loi ;.i t;eh s i.ei'oshaiy h r the public doliun e, or
• i in ei. d w idi the priit.aiy wants of individuals. It
will hi* nn juldtiioUM I r< is mini ndmion nl particular man
ului’luies, w lieti tin n. itei lain h r them are extensive) v
drawn 11 om our ngi iculiufe, and conn ipieiilly impmi
and insure to dial gi. it luml ol National prosperity and 1
iiidcpendeni o .hi eneourap meiit whieli cannot tail to he
rewarded. ’ Madison cnulioiib Iiongress not to confound
tl." pr elective ui diM'iinmating tutill |M»liey, which In
ri oommenth il, w till tin* European system of regulating
bylaw tlm pursuit* of men; ntt errur into which the op
pi M is of ihe tariff pulley have since fallen.
Id show ** that 11 dm lliem y of leaving things to regu
late tin ii-■ I vi -. or "tl.r lot ulnnu” the my, aw tl ts moiiio
turn • I’M I led, ui ro lino, dint tlmje are i XiepHuUs m the
to in i d lulo, and dial the lanll pidii y h mm of thnse . \
eopth.n*. I Io dives not into the iii.i/oi ol iiH tspliy sti *
l i maiiiUiii his position, hut I rim pl.iioaofdicr like lie re
ler* to till'tl .ti lling ol experience. I Io udvooatea proper
protection to our iimuiilncture*, but not morn than
is dii" to tin niton h!s at stake. \\ itli nn eve looking
I r into the lu'i.ro. lie hi e* dial do* pioteetive poln-y
will cm lot g ho a • iii< * j honrec of domestic wealth .iml
• •VPii ol external coinmnee. He sees it releasing Ins
country lmu» depr iidoin i nit foreign nidons, fur article*
in "i • iry Ibr the public d. h r, and ho hebolda it
supplyn g ihe primary wants ofiudividi al«, arid mc i
in1 tin \merii an |hh r from die iron grasp ol monopolies
by making tlm mamifaeiiiren and ariizans neighbor* of
ilm ngrieulluniil and tiro toiling pour—i.ot dividing
them by ocean*.
Madison no doubt Iml bis attention fixed on e lion,
the great i.taj lo t I the Eolith, when In* recommended to
our manuhietureis uud nrtixanu to turn their attention to
the materials diaw n from our agriculture, and advised
( oiign s to look upon all such manufacturers and urti
/.aus, who might engage m winking up llm materials ol
our agrieulturo, as entitled to additional encouragement,
because Mirli in.iiiulueliires would ensure to agriculture.
Hint great fund of national prosperity und independence,,
an onconrap incut whieli eon Id not fail to reward tin
til hr of t he s i|. In neuordaueu with this sago advice of ;
Madis in. the old repubhe la (’ongri <s established ihe min
iifioin valuation on eoltnii go ids, .and iuipused double du
in < upon tlios. mlidmum valuations, f-»r die espi enl pur
po e id ene in Iging the lahrieatl n ol a « heap ehilhing
ior our pe. pie, tait of dm very material whieli is most
extensively draw h from our agriculture. The original
bill, an presented to Congress, imposed a duty i f 3.1 I .1
per cent, on the ‘Jo cent ■ per square yard, the niiidiiiUin i
value ol all cotton good*, *i’lo South did not Cihjoet to
the miuimiifiiB or to the protective principle of dm hill,
hot contended dmt tifi per cent f r three years, and H1)
per cent nfu rwar.ls upon those minimum valuations, in ■
addin*n io the -,d per cent. 10 per cent, if imported
fn.m Cnrope, and if btvond llm Cape of Gjud ll»po,
wotild he sufficient.
Mr. Calhoun, with only seven other individual** mill
.0 .Mas ii and Dixon’s line, op|»oa d the reduetiou
"f dm duty e| | per cent. CSee Niles’s Ite
gisler, volume lit, pagein. Mr. ('nlhotiti warned Con
gre s from giving into the contracted tdeti “diut taxes
were so mtieii omm y taken from the people.” “Prop
crly applied, the money,” said In , “proceeding from
uxo , w as mofir y put out nt the he»t possible interest
for the people, lie wished to see tin* nation free from
external danger and internal d.fli -uli y.” (Niles’s Itegi*
ti r. Vol. 'J. p. Kverv true patriot must ro'-pond
iii tneae k<*nuHit'llts i.l .Mr. I alhonii, iiiuj Iovh turn fur
them. Il they were true in IS 10, they are true in
1W-11. Properly apptird, flu* muuey proceeding from
luxe* may he put out at the beat possible interest
I r 11 in people, and release? the nation from external
dinner and in ornal difficulty. This was the very
obicei of the discriminating tariff policy, adopted by
the It‘publican party of IHIO, of ilie North and the
•South. \\ hoover confounds or associates the .'linni
run tariff policy with Hit? tariff policy of blurepomt na
lions. Ins not gone deep enough into the democratic
creed, and has not caught the spirit which nctnuted the
democratic IihIicm wdio established the American protcc
live policy. Instead of plotting systems for enslaving
an I depressing the iii.vses of the people, and of wring
mg from them, by prohibitory find severe restrictions,
their last copper, to pamper a bloated aristocracy, and
to build up ovendi.nhving monopolies for the oppres
sor! of mankind, the Republican fathers, w ith unexam
pled unanimity, set their heads together to devise a
scheme by which the money necessarily taken from tho
prop!, lu : iip| < ri an eei m uiienl government, should he
putuut nl the hest possible iiitcririt for the benefit of t;,c
people in nil time In eonie,5’ in order to make them
commercially .is well ns politically free—to make them
j industrious by i m ourning industry,—to make the n
happy ami comfortable l.y diffusing around the products
of un { hatiieal and thnnulhcturirig ingenuity—to elevate
the standard of the wages of labor by creating a demand
Ibr labor—to raise the many from poverty, igno
rance and vice, by taking the !o-avy hards of nmnopo
lists off ..f them, and tbeuby giving them more time ar»!
money to improve their minds, and cultivate the mural
virtues. That scheme was the discriminating tariff
policy of 1 he eld Republican Congress: James Madison,
ns warm r Ivocaie, being President of these ITniied
Statis,and Henry Clay,-another advocate* Speaker of
tho House of Representative*. From this Gibraltar
p .siti' n, built arid fortified by the hands of the hanJsol !
the (.hi democracy, let tinub rn democrats, tempt* d by
South Car lina dejusiona, fly if they please; there is at '
Icait one democrat who will nit leave ita Ulliemenu,,
. —— . -I ■
or be tempted to go beyond it* solid wall*, fur any time,
"‘•rviiig purpose or electioneering expedient. If thvfitMi*
lie protective tariff of IMG, was not a democratic met*
n re ,T hoin a * .li flersmi nnd Jnmea Madtami were bit del®
oeiat*. Tim tariff of 1^1*^, whatever may be it* defects
hi some matter* of detail, rest* open precisely the nm«
principle* a* the tariff of IMG, and so long a* ft brings'
in in neither loo little nor too mticli revenue for the guV*
• i11dit'iit. it will r.ijtiiro but little pruning or al'ernttort':
Gut, however pruned er altered to unit iliu eirrmnsinn*
• i* of the time*, 11m Hiscriminuting prineiplci in favor
of Ihr proilnch if rfmeriran lalmr cannot be departed
I rum, without departing from the leading principle in
the democratic creed—the principle which ntmff rft ele
vating the masse* of the people, and ed limiting a kind of
ariatnoracy out of ihe toiling millions, in*tmd of a deba
sed p. pal.tee. I now come to n part of my subjecl, f
wish I could omii. Alter the Heimhliean*, had hulll up tlui
proieeiive tariff of IPIO, Ihe roderalist* seeing a struc
ture arise, rt •ambling hi some of oilier ii* aspect*, th«m*
butvvaik* ol Kuro|>ean tyranny and oppression, which
bad *o long enabled thft few to tread down the many,
mid the rich to tread mi the i.ecks of ihe poor, erronroua
ly supposed that tin* high tow or of denim racy waa for a
similar pur|*»*e, ami they forth wit h aei to work to piln
upon it the material* which the Mepublic an* Imd rejet
fed. In other word*, they began to demand a prohibit***
ry iiiblind ol a protective tariff The ma mu fact tirers be
gan to demand protection for protection'* sake, wtlhosi
legard to revenue, whether too much or too lull*,
fheir object being to extort high prices—more than lh«if
fabric* w «ro worth.
I ficy were not content with ciiftrflm! nation in their fa
vor to tho lull extent ol t e revenue, to enable them
merely to conm in eoinjietitiuti with the foreign mitinifso
•ureia, hut they wanted more, to enable them to monopo-'
h*»* the American market. They succeed to a certain
deg tee m their design*, nnd hy the year I8V18, they had
changed the aspect ot the tariff *i much, that the South
look the alarm, and many good patriot* abandoned tlm
s)viim altogether: among whom was that great genius,
I t . ( iilhoiiu. tun Jackson, however, uudlhe great
body ol the th in icrntie party, adhered to it, and busied
themselves in correcting it* ahitie* and l ipping off |bs»
h'deral tweresec ncira which h:>d been piled upon it. Hut
hr fern he eotild well accomplish this object, another ac
tor appear• d upon tin* stage. It was unr old enemy, (ircat
lliiiiun. driving to mndne-.i and fanstHam a portion of
our northern people oh the subject of slavery, at tlm
very time theoiher portion wcm clamoring for more pro
tection, and culling on the general government to cut
down mountain* lor them, und in make rnffita and ca
nals through every neighborhood. Thil departure from
republican principle* n, exasperated a portion of thti
south, with the dog* u! aholi I ion continually snarling it
•In in, that nothing hill tlm popularity of Andrew Jack
son and Ilia np|xni tint* mediation ol Henry Clay wived
our glorious country front llm horrors of rebellion and di*
union. 11 was the republican protective tariff, with all
tin: deli ol* that lint national republicans had engrailed
• •ii il, thil Andrew Jacks mi drew the a word to maintain.
.Neiihi i lie nor the democratic party were m luvnr ol tho
addition* which had been inode to it, hut lie stood ready,
with ihron-hitirtha ol hith Wings ami D.minerals, ai Ins
bar k, to NU-i.no n at the point td the hajouH. Will ilia
democracy whu stood tin pared to lay watte South Car
olina to MiN’a n the dt Ii etivc, and, in aomt* ih gr*c, op*»
pi i-eaive tat ill id 'bS, now ul-m don the diSi rim in at mg la*
i ll polit y entirely, lor the poor ajmlogy of elecltug Hulk
und f lallas / is^otiih ( uitdiua worth less than Hulk
and Dallas? or is it uu.ro impuvtani to place those men
in t llici than to sustain tin* liinnamHital principlf! of
time honored democracy? Whatever Hulk und Dallas*
private opinion may he. on the subject of a protective ta*
nil, it is evident that they were brought for wail by •
low party lendei-, and Mr. V an Huron, tlm people’s can
didate. tiinisl usiile, under the lu*pe of seruring the influ -
cnee o| ihe pn i.elirrs ol commercial d«peiulen<e on Kng
Innd• A I'li solim, elected under Midi Influence, is nut
whin we waul. \\ ill the people give up that schema
• it the th iitncraliu la them. so beuutiluliy expressed by
Mr. ( alhoim, in, a r-elifine for “pulling out tlm money
l iken Iron lit* people Ibr luxe*, uij the best possible in
• crest. b*r lim bem ill ol the people wlui paid it?’* Shall
they ulmudou that scheme to follow oiler ihb puliit
eal delusions wliicli the saint) Mr. Calhoun fell into,
when his gigantic iiiiim) become mioxicatnl wiihmad
ur 9h tig'iiust the t v il (loingH id Northern federalists ami
cr?.y L* iticsf Will tiny follow 1‘hilipdrunk, or HhtJ
ip sober i
l.ct tlmm look abroad. Let them hx-km things as they
nrc, nnd thev wil perceive that Hum bus already washed
dnwu nearly every pillsr un which tho wlmlo suiwr
hlruclurc <J the horizontal laiilf ilmory i:i built. Thera
aru no pets, ns or party, ot any ftlri ngth or influence,
whu arc now clamoring for u prohibitory tarilf, as fut
murly. To - iiiauulaiMurers an I alt intelligent American
artizma, arc mm saiiafled wnh the incidental proicetioil
which a tar, IT lor icvcuue, w ah judicious d.acriiniuauon
all’ird*.
Ii wa.j ngaiust the doctrine of prohibiliohtsm that Mr.
Ilivuc mid. hie great speech in Tho reasotiiug
contained in that speech is not uppltc-a Jo to tlm present
••iocs, because there i« no party advocating prohibitory du•
l|* *• When Mr. Ilayrm sow cd the a» eda uf hurizunlal
nni m I , he w as laboring under certain impressions,
which the events ol 1814 have proved to be deletions.
One delusion was, that the American manufuctureia
could never work upas much ns 4<K),U00 bates of cotton;
ftnd another <h lu.-iuti was, that il they could, they could
never export any part of it, ur*cls< 11 u on u profit in for
eign markets. A third delusion was, Dai il t tariff w ould
greatly increase the price of goods. Many other minor
objections to the discriminating- tariff policy, which time
has proved to be fallacious) might bo mrniioned, but I
must hnotpu on to another part id' my subject. .Many
person* have co ne here, I understand, with tho expects
lion of hearing something new on the subject ol the la
nd. Il will he news, no doubt, to timet ol this large and
intelligent audience, when I tell them, that already tmr
country ii exporting hemp. I idatft this fact on the high
authority til Nilaa Wright of New York, who savs that
several outgoes of American hemp have gone to Europe^
and the experiments lift* proved very fortunate. Utidef
our (liaerimindiing tariff policy, tlm cultivation or that
great staple of the West has been greatly extended, and
will, tin doubt, continue to extend os the new Stales aro
opened, and will become an article <»J Deportation,second,
prohdhly, only to cotton. The objection to that great
Democratic measure, a discriminating tarilf, made first
hy the I’edernlists, that n tariff destroys commerce, wt\k
fill to the ground, when, Dr every in waul beuuf eaig«»
of hemp, I"Si to commerce, two oumard wound c*i •
shall go out.
J Ilf* old democratic toesm of cum»\iurcitl independence
on Knglsnd and Utc world, cannot no sounded loo tout* or
loo loud; for there are syren Voices in th** demot rauo
<*ain|». which have lulled the people to sleep mirier thou*
dulcet Holes that old federalism was wont to tune—“De
pendence on Kng’and—oheupo»i country—best market—
commercial depot* lur.ec a blessing. Don’t lax Dag'sod.
Lei Ungland lav our cotton, and prohibit our rice, u*
Iku’co, ttrul tvir:,.(isitiflis, hut don’t tax Cnglish goods.*’
Accordirg to document No, I&), (being d report eu
tin* eonir.ieieiiil relations ol the United States with fu.
eiirn uations, prepared under the direction of the Secre
tly of Slate, in compliance w ith the resolutions of the
ltou*e of Represent at ties, January Cist, lahu!a»
siateme:ii No. 0, the du’ies charged and collected in ths
irons of r»*at Britain and fieiand on the three product^
of our slave labor* cotton, rice, ar.il tobacco, exceed an
nually the enormous sum of 4 ^2*000,000—i sunt itwra
thin suflicient to pure In so all the bagging and lope, and
all the negro eluihing consumed iu America. Ths
planters of the South pay, therefore, to Great Britain,
nn annual tiibute of upwards of 42i,000,000, t*» wbtsiu«
f oreign market for three slave labor products, \l’l...
New Orleans imposed a wharfage duty oft bit i bale mi
our cotton shipped to that jn.rt, the planters of ths South -
WYm very propeily reacted the measui*. New Of
I**adr uttered ns an excuse that she had built wharves,
made good roads to the cotton presses and la the ships,
thereby diminishing the rxpe us** ol'irsnsporteiiiiii. j he
j.l..nteis, nevertheless, resisted the tax, ami did sot stop
to discuss the South Carolina metaphysical gussibm In
political • o -muuy, whether ihe consumer or the producer
paid thd bit. liul when dear old Duglaud, without toy
v&cute to offer, exerpt ths excuse Rat the runtutu