Daily Richmond Whig. [volume], May 11, 1865, Image 2

About Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1865-1869

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RICHMOND WHIG.
wn. IH.4 M.4ITU, Proprietor.
THURSDAY MORNING.MAY 11,18C5
-1-— - . ■■ - —
Life from Death.
It the life ot a nation were limited to a
single century, we could find no aolace in
looking back npon the gloomy acenes, the
ensanguined battle-fields, the fall of thou
-andi of the noblest and bravest in the land
which four short years hive been able to
include. Such sntferinga and sacrifices
could not bo compensated, if the people
who haTe sustained them were destined to
pass away and cease to exist as a nation in
a period bnt little longer than the four>acore
years allotted to the individual man in ex
treme old age. Memory wou'd retain too
ti.-mty the power of embittering the cap of
tne present by pouring into it the gall ol
the past; even hope would be impotent to
gild the future with radiance if that future
were so brief as to vanish in a few troubled
year*.
But when tv* remember that nations live
lor thousands ot years, and that the people
who shall be so happy as to embody in their
own experience the principles of right and
truth, wilt live until these are lost, then we
may find comfort even in reviewing the sad
dest scenes ol the wai and in contemplating
the heaviest losses it has indicted. The
yawning chasm which opened in the Roman
h'ornm under the shock of the earthquake,
was never to close until that was thrown in
Marcus Curtius, in fall armor and mounted,
plunged into the abyss, believing that valor
and virtue in the person of a noble Roman
were the dependence of the State. The
earth closed, the chasm vanished, but the
name of the martyred hero will live forever.
And so in our own country. The dark
and threatening gulf which, for forty years,
was growing wider and blacker, and rending
tii« North and the South asunder, is begin
ning to close. Into this gulf the noble, the
gsnerous, the brave, the young, tbs fondly
loved have thrown themselves in sublime
>elf-devotion, aud if their loss shall chse
the chasm which threatened the life of the
nation, we may feel that they have not died
in vain.
We can perceive already that the war has
estsb.idled, upon an immovable basis, cer
tain principles which will go far to ensure a
long life ot prosperity for the United States.
The right of self government was really in.
solved in the struggle. It has been com
mon, during the war, to dnd writers in
Curope as well as ,u America, predicting the
overthrow of this principle, and declaring
that this might*, outbreak was positive proot
that a Republic had no stability, and t^at a
relapse ipto monarchy was inevitable. The
gigantic efforts of the nation to preserve her
own life were falsely represented to be as
sanlts on the sacred principle on which re
publicanism is founded. Happily these va
ticination4 ot evil have been falsified. The
ttovemment ms ie and upheld by the people
has proved itself too strong to be success
fully resisted by internal faction, and yet too
moderate and well regulated to destroy the
liberties entrusted to its keeping.
Whatever temporary inconveniences may
attend the destruction of Slavery, thisgreat
and radical change has established another
principle tending to preserve our national
Ufa. So long as slavery existed among us
we were pointed at by the civilization of the
Old World as a living monument of incon
'istency. Our principles required freedom;
our practice forbade it. “The land of the
tree” held four millions ot bondmeu. With
this ceaseless protest against the purity of
OkAr fftiLn rnulrl n<*vpr have* wrought nnt
the high destiny for which Providence seem
ed preparing us. The war has solved this
mystery. Four years have removed what
nearly four centuries had established.
With the power of self-government vindi
cated, slavery blotted out, and our Union
confirmed by the very sacrifices it has cost,
the nation starts forth in I860 upon a new
era of her life. May it bring peace, pros
perity and virtue to all our people.
The E?strict 10ns on Trade.
W*. are gratified to observe that our
Northern contemporaries are generally ad
vocating the removal of the restrictions
upon tiade with the Southern States. The
New York Commercial Advertiser insists
that the act of Congress of July 2d, 1864,
does not stand in the way of the President
' ' throwing open the Sonthern States to free
trade. That act, it says, so far as it respects
trade with the “Confederate States,” is
simply an amplification of the provisions of
an act of July 13, 1961, and of other acts
based thereupon. The act of Congress
really conferring authority upon the Execu
tive to prohibit trade with the insurrection,
ary States, is that of July 13,1861. Section
5 of that act provides that when the Presi
dent of the United States shall have declar
ed say section or part of the United States
to be in a state of insurrection, “thereupon
all commercial intercourse by and between
. the same and the citizens thereof and the
citizens of the rest of the United States
shall cease and be unlawful so long as suck
rendition of hostility shall continue."
Here is an express statement that com
mercial intercourse shall cease only “so
' long as the condition of hostility shall con
tinue”; implying that upon the cessation of
hostilities the right of trading intercourse
* is restored. It may be necessary that, be
fore the existing restrictions are abolished,
the President should formally proclaim the
condition of insurrection to have terrains,
ted; bnt so soon as such proclamation shall
be made, the re-opening of unrestricted
trade fo lows as a legal consequence.
• . _ ,w> presume it can be but a few days be
tore the President formally declares the
rebellion ended in the States of Virginia,
North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee,
Florida and Georgia, and upon such decla
ration being made there will be no necessity
tor prolonging the restriction* upon trade
with those States.
It is especially desirable that the imposi
tion of the tax oi three per cent, upon ship
ments should be suspended. That tax, of
course, falls indirectly upon the impover
ished people of the South, and to that ex
tent increase! the burdens they have to bear.
■r. Segat’a Loyalty
Hon. Joseph Segar, of Virginia, delivered
a spoecli in the House of Representatives on
the 17th of May, lbC4, in defence of hia
claim to a seat in the Thirty-eighth Congress.
He closed with a vindication of himsell from
the imputation of disloyalty to the Union.
We quote the following eloquent extract:
“But this 1 will say, uo man of honor and
truth and no one himself truly an 1 disinter
estedly loyal, ever impeached my loyalty.
And 1 must say, Mr. Speaker, that if I am
disloyal, I have a very strange way ol show
ing it. I do not deny that 1 made an effort
to go with my State. Following the instincts
that bind us all to the laud under whose sod
the bones of our ancestors rest, and where
loved kindred live, I dnl ebdoav6r to find
arguments to reconcile me to secession. It
was the struggle of a not uneventful life.
Sir, 1 saw the hark of my State as she was
about to set out on her perilous voyage.
There she was, "all in the Downs.” 1
watched her as she left her moorings and
neared the pier to take in her freight of hu
man life, and 1 gazed on the eager throng as
it Dressed down to the pier.
“ Among the first to tread her decks was
my own and only son—a noble boy, around
whom had gathered the honors of the Uni
versity ot his State, but who, alas! yielded
to that fatal infatuation that a citizen must
go with his State, right or wrong. Another
look, and two unbearded youths, fresh from
the college hall, my orphaned nephews,
loved aud cared for as my own children, fol
lowed that son. I looked again, and there
stepped aboard as magnificent a specimen
of mortal.ty as ever eye rested on. And
beside him stood one of queenly mien, his
beautiful wife, my own dear child. And
clinging to the mother was her cherub boy.
There they all were, the son and the ne
phews were there, Eneas was there, aud
Creusa, and the boy Ascanius. But old
lather Anchises was not there. He stood
upon the shore eyeing the tlapp.ng canvas,
» struggle going on in his bosom which loos
ened toe very heartstriugs, a struggle which
i pray God may never wring my soul again
—an agonizing struggle between instinct on
the one hand and conscience on the other—
a struggle whether 1 should follow the most
loved on earth or stand by my country.—
But, blessed be Godconscience triumphed
over instinct. 1 loted tne stars and stripes
oetter than my own tlesh and blood!
‘•I disloyal, Mr. Speaker ? I who have
loved this U nion from my boyhood, who have
worshipped at its altars with as pure aud
deep a devotiou as ever bowed down votary
there ; who (as 1 have said on other occa
sions) nave all my iile regarded the Consti
tution of the United Mates as ‘ the best sys
tem of civil liberty that ever emanated from
unman hearts and human heads, and as tne
accumulated political wisdom of the world
from the time of Magna Chart* to 1789 ' ’—
Disloyal to that Union whicn (I have often
>aid) is connected in my mind with a thou
sand, and twice a thousand, glorious associa
tions ; with the wisdom that conceived aud
the blo.-d that cemented it; with our pros
perity and strength at home and our power
and glory abroad ; with that gallant flag that
fliugs out the stars ana stripes of our great
country on every ocean, lake, and gulf, and
sea ; with that renown which exhibits her
unconquered on a thousand battle-lields;
with all the bright gluties ol the past and
brighter hopes ot the future—disloyal to a
Union like this' No, sir, no'
“T.s slander
Whose edge is sharper than the swoid whose
tongue
Outveuoms all the worms of Nile , whose breath
Rides on the posting winds, aud doth belie
Ad corners of the world kings, queens, and
States,
Maids, matrons, nay. the secrets of the grave.’
[Prom the Pittsburg Gazette.]
IMPORTANT IMPROVEMENT IN TH3 MANU
FACTURE OF IRON.
Mr. John D. Williams, an intelligent, practical
iron worker of Manchester, (one of the suburban
manufacturing towns of Pittsburg ) called at our
office and showed us the niece of iron spoken of
in the annexed note from Mr. Win. W «d», Jr., of
the Fort Pitt Foundry, the works where the great
cannon are made, and one o! the mo t extensive
and perfect establishments in the country. Mr.
Wade writes
Fokt Pitt Focsd*t, {
Pittsburg, May 6th, WS5. $
JohsD. WTu iams, Esq.
Dear Sir—The specimen of wrought iron sub
mitted bv yon for testing on May 1st I8ts6, was
was aubjl-cted to a teusi.e strain of ltd 9 0 pounds
per square inch without breaking. This is greatly
In excess ol any endurance ever shown be any iron
ever tested that I hare ever sees, heard or read of.
The greatest endurance ever ahnwu by any iron
tested at this foundry waa from 63 000 to 76,000
pounds per square inch. The standard given by
the “U. S Ordnance Manual,’ for the licit “awe
1..1." imn i.rilillii nniiniis tier anu a re inch.—
The same authority set* down ‘cast stiel” at
139.000 poonds per square inch. The ultimate
strengi.il of She specimen submitted by yon is
unknown, astae weights of our test.ng machine
were all exhausted when the above result was
reached.
Very respectfully,
Wm. Wadk, Jr.
Mr. Williams informs us that the pro es by
which tins unexampled enacitv and strength is
imparted to iron will add but about two d liars
per ton to the cost of its manufacture. It is im
possible to estimate the va ue of this improve
ment. It will add nearly 150 per cent, to the
strength of steam boilers, the thickness of plate
being the same. Chains of equal tr ctile strength
can be made of let* than hair the iron now
used. For suspension bridges it will be invalu
able. .... „ .
The maximum strength of the best Swedish
iron Is 72 000 pounds per square inch ; but here
is iron which did not break under a strain of
166 900 pounds. It was stretched and e ongated.
and of ronrse reduced in diameter, just as wax or
candy, when in a soft state is e ongated and re
duced in diamet r when pull d. In this condi
tion another grip was taken, when it broke. Its
fall strength was not ascertained.
A patent has been secured for this improvement.
It is chemical in its nature, and a applied in the
boiling furnace. The iron, of which the piece
which was tested was made was principally an
thracite pig, with a small quantity of charcoal
iron.
Mr. Williams exhibite ’ some specim'asof boon
iron, made directly fr m the "muck billet ” a hlch
tor smoothness and apparent toughness we oever
saw surpassed. A'so an inch square bar bent
cold so ahort and close that it was perfectly
doubled, without tho slightest appearance of
free tare.
Sorrminw Investments.—In the Sun of Sat
urday. we reproduced an advertisement from a
Richmond paper, address’d to "Northern capital
ists," who are asked o loan rnonev to citizens of
Virginia, for the purpose of rebuilding the burnt
district of Richmond. This appeal has already
attracted the notioe of some speculators, who are
organiz ng a gigantic stock company, on tbo
same principle that other comj aaies "strike ilr.”
by boring for the greenoacks deposited In the
Ckets of credulous people. While it may be
rable to encourage Northern men in making
investments at the South, we do not believe that
money invented in the stock of a’lirand Im
provement Company' wiil ever pay any large
dividends to those who put their money into sack
a concern. The best plan for ail who desire to
make money, upon whatever capital they pos
sess, is to personally invest It at the Sonth, and
by actual occupation of the premises, preserve a
control over tae improvera- nts, which can only
be made valnable by assuring a permanently
loyal population wherever Northern capital is
invested.—N. T. Snn.
Pemoletm for FriL.—An exchange say*
that aa invention h it been patented which con
sists In combining petroleum and oil waste, or
raw petroleum oil cow dung, coal dust and wa
ter to form artificial fuel, tie proportions of the
ngredienis being varied according as the fuel is
intended for domestic or locomotive and marine
purposes. It is believed that this new fuel will
give far greater beat with ieav expense than
any other fuel now in nse. and that it will also
be in the highest degree advantageous for steam
era going on long voyages, and for engines in
many confined places, inch a* mines, from the
fact that sj much heat producing material may
be packed in a small place.
THE BATTLE GROTND OF
COLD HARBOR.
BURIAL of the remains of union
SOLDIERS.
A A OFFICIAL REPORT.
The undersigned having, by request of the
military authorities, accompanied an expe
dition of sixty (60)* men, under command of
Captain C. L. Stevens, of the 67'h Ohio
Y'olunteers, ordered to repair to the Battle
Ground of Cold Harbor "to bury the remains
of such of our men as may be found nnbu
ried,” would respectfully present the follow
ing report:
We left this city ou the 1st instant, and
returned on the 5th.
We carefully surveyed the Battle Ground
of the first six days of June, 18f>4, com
mencing near Bethesda Church and running
in a southeasterly direction between Old
and New Cold Harbor, for a distance of
about six miles.
f or most of the way along the line of
breastworks of the Federal array we lOund
human bones and carcasses, some entirely
unburied, others partially exposed. Most
of them bore marks of having been buried
and afterwards exhumed, borne had evi.
dently never been buried.
Generally, some portions of the bones
'were still covered, while a hand, arm or
foot, or more commonly the ribs and thigh
bones, were on the surface.
Iu very many cases the head was lying
where it had been interred, and the shoulders
and carcass below, drawn or dug up far
enough to reacu the pockets of the clothing
and there left. Sometimes in a sitting pos
ture, leaning against the mound ot earth, in
front, with which it had been covered.
In ono instance, four stakes were lying
with one end over the grave, on three ot
sshicli the body they had been used to ele
vatc, was still lying. Other similar instan
ces were found.
In one case a body was found lying near a
much.frequented road, and referred to by
persons habitually passing, as a familiar
scene, without any apparent thought of the
propriety of burying it. Only a portion of
the ribs and smaller bones were still there,
the main part having been recently carried
about two rods and deposited behind some
bushes.
Near the Bethesda Church, we were con
ducted by some boys to a place where they
supposed a body lay, and it was not there.
The ground looked trash, and the grass had
st trtp.l unon the soot, while all around i
it there was a luxuriant growth. We looked
over an adjacont teuce into the border of a
wood lot and found u body recently deposit,
ed among some bushes, and some dry brush
thrown over it.
A few rods distant were the bones of au.
other man, lying iu a gutter, and three heads
of cattle thrown over them.
There was, very commonly, a hollow in
the mound which had been turown over the
body, from which the earth seemed to have
been removed in digging up the cnest. In
such cases the skull ana lower limbi were
frequently lying in their places.
In some localities, the bones were so scat
tered about, it was impossible to tell to
which bodies they belonged, and in some
cases we could not tell accurately how many
bodies there were.
We searched diligently for the material
by which to identify the bodies, but found
scarcely any on which wo could rely.
There were several piles of paper which
had been torn into small pieces.
lu some instances small bones were so
mixed in the sand by the roadside that it
was impossible to be certain that we had
gathered them all.
Some localities presented appalling proofs
of carnage and subsequent barbarity.
We commenced our work in the woods
near our incampment on the north side < f
the road leading from New to Old Co!d liar
bor. Here we found human skulls, ribs,
vertebrae, and the bones of limbs, hands and
feet lying in ghastly profusion in every di
rection.
In this locality a previous burial party had
already gathered a large quantity ol boucs
and deposited them in a common grave on
the south side of the road. Notwithstand
ing this, we gathered up the remains of
(100) one hundred men, as nearly as we
could decide, and deposited them iu a com
mon grave on the opposite side of the road.
This grave is marked by a walnut tree at the
west end and a cedar at the east eDd.
Southeast of this place, over an open tiehl,
in a valley north of a piece of woodlaud, be
tween the linos of breastwork?, we made an
other grave in which we deposited the bones
of (35) thirty-five bodies found in its vicin
itv.
In the woods, about thirty rod* south of
this, and about one-fourth cf a milo south
east of the New Cold Harbor house, on the
brow of a hill sloping westward, we made a
third common grave in which we deposited
the remains of (40) forty soldiers.
This grave is in a little open space among
tall pine trees. About eight rods to the
west of it, on the border of some under
brush, in a line of about 60 feet long, lay the
bodies of twenty men. About sixty rods
south east of this spot, in an open field near
i large Locust tree, we made the fourth
....... nn.l rv.thoroH tin t‘rn*n ulinilt thn f.tnt
of the tree and the surrounding field tho
bones of thirty-six men, and laid them in it.
Abont fifty rods still south east of this, by
the south side of a road called the Q laker
road, and twenty rods west of the road
which runs south from old C)ld Harbor,
near a large cedar tree, wo made the filth
common grave. Hero we deposited the re
mains of thirty-five soldiers. In a ravine
about ten rods south east of this grave, we
found a trench about one hundred feet long,
in which bodies bad been deposited, and
from which the covering was mostly washed
away. Wo found it impracticable to
remove these bodies to a more desirable
locality, and proceeded to turn the water
course and arrange tbo grave an decently as
ci cnmstances would allow.
The sixth common grave we made is in
the woods by the south side of the Quaker
road, and about three-fourths of a mile west
of the fifth. It contains the bones of eight
men. We judge that they had been taken
prisoners and carried to a Rebel hospital.—
The graves of Confederate soldiers in this
vicinity were undisturbed, while the bonos
of Union soldiers were scattered about as In
other places.
The inscriptions on tho head-boards of
Confederate solaiers and the clothing still
partly enveloping the bones ot Union sol
diers, designated the army to which they re
spectively belonged.
Tho seventh aud last common grave we
made, except those which contained but two
or three bodies each, is located about three
fourths of a mile North-west of the first. It
is near the Western border of a piece of
woodland, sloping North, and about tour rods
Cast of an old road on the border of the
woods, by which an earthwork had been
built.
A large pine tree, riddled with bullets,
marks tho South end of the grave and bears
our brief inscription.
On a space of about one-fourth of an
acre, near the centre of which is this grave,
lying between two lines of breastworks, con
verging to an angle near the top of the hill,
were the remains of forty-five (45) bodies,
which had evidently once been buried, but
were now lying in every direction and every
position. Some were crossing each other.—
Skulls and limbs were scattered thickly over
the ground, so that we could not tell to which
bodies they belonged.
We gathered them up and placed them ill
the grave. We also collected several from
the Intrenchments South, and placed with
them; so that this grave contains, as nearly
as we could judge, the bones of sixty-four
(64) men, four of them officers.
Besides those placed in common graves,
we re-buried many separately by the spot
where we found them, placing a head-board
to each such grave. The number of head
boards we erected was sixty-one (61).
We found a considerable number of graves
soattared along the rear of our intrenoh.
ments undisturbed, and with head .boards still
standing. There were some where the head
boards had been pulled up, which we reset
by the graves where they lay. And there
were some of which wo could not decide the
locality, which we placed around the com
mon graves.
We took a list of the inscriptions which
came under our notice. We also have a
very small list of names found upon the
clothes and upon paper in the pockets, which
may, perhaps, serve as a guide to anxious
friends at home. We searched diligently
for the necessary data fpr identifying the
bodies, but were pained to Qnd them so
few. We found piles of paper torn in small
pieces, so that the writing was quite illegible
Fur the purpose of matting our work tho
rough, we left the tirst four graves we open
ed, uncovered till near the close of the third
day ef our expedition.
W« then gathered our little band of men
around each grave consecutivoly, and reve
rently and sadly performed our funeral rites
aud buried the collected remnants of our
noble braves.
At each of the others the funeral service
was performed immediately after wo bad
completed the work of gathering and depo
siting the bodies.
The number of common graves wo
made is 7
Number of bodies buried in them, 318
Number of bodies buried separately, til
Total number of bodies of Union sol
diers,
Beside, we buried such bodies of Confed
erate soldiers as we found in any degree ex
posed. These amounted to about (20) twen
ty—making the whole number of our burials
about (400) four hundred. In addition to
these, numerous graves were repaired.
A more detailed account of our work can
be furnished if desired.
The above summary account of our expe
dition is respectfully submitted by
Wm. H. Gilbkrt,
Army Agent of the Am. Bible
Soc., and Del. U. S. C.C.
E. F. WILL!AMS,
Field Agent U. S. C. C.
Richmond, Ya., May 8, 18fi5.
A Prophkcy Fclfillkd.—Tne Philadel
phia Sunday Transci ipt republishes an edito
rial whicli appeared in that paper December
23d, 18C0. The last paragraph is subjoined.
The speech referred to was delivered in the
United States Senate in support of the en
forcement of the constitution and the laws :
The speech of Andrew Johnson, bv-the
I.- .. nrnSnotinn nf n
most remarkable man. Beginning life in
obscurity and poverty, ho has risen, by the
sheer force of his talents, probity, and en
ergy, to the leadership of his own State.—
Sneered *»t and snnboed by his more aiisto
eratic compeers, he has compelled the re
spect of the most fastidious, aud has the
unlimited confidence of the masses. He has
always stood by the interests of labor and
the laboring classos. lie has long been
noted for his proverbial and Arlstides-like
straight-forwardne a and honesty ; aud he
is a Democrat of the Jackson school. His
politics are exactly those of Andrew Jack
son ; and his late able speech in tho Senate
bat the glorious tono and ring of an Old
Hickory proclamation. Andrew Johnson
has struck aud swept the chords of the Na
tional heart. He responds to this crisis in
the words of a true man ; and this crisis will
prove him to be a great man. From tho
hour of his speech Andrew Johnson became
one of the leaders of this Union; and we
venture to predict that its highest honors
are in store for him. The next Southern
President of the United States will be—
mark our words—Andrew Johnson.
A Confederate Jocrnal on the Assas
rination. —Tho Meridian Clarion, of 22d
ult., has tho following in relerence to the
murder of the President :
We hope that the crime was not perpe
trated by a Southerner, whom its very bar
barity would disgrace. Such deeds could
never do honor to the cause we espoused,
nor to those who make themselves martyrs
to madness. Wo aro not his apologists; but
men hnvo been as insane, as we deemed Lin
coln, and yet history has attested their vir
tues. He deemed siavery a continental sin,
and the Union a continental necessity, llis
monomania was steadily pursued, even to
the death ol his enemies. We cannot, in view
of the fast that Johnson must be his suc
cessor, apnrove the sentiments of those who
make a crime, at the bare recital of which
chivalrous courage shndders, the subject
matter of rejoicing.
A previous number ol the same paper
says:
Wilkes Booth, we are told, was an actor
in the Richmond Theatre. He is said to be
an illegitimate son of the great tragedian.—
We regret tho truth of this story, if it be
truth. We deem the independence of the
South eminently desirable, but never dream
ed that it was to be achieved by assassins.
Providence rarely rewards crimes against
which humanity revolts with the greatest
blessings of which humanity dreams.
A THORornnooiNo Reformer—Mr. John
Stuart Mill, the distinguished author, hav
ing been proposed as a candidate for Parlia
meut, has given a summary oi ins political
opinions. The following is his position on
two leading points:
“ I would open the sufl'rago to all grown
persons, both men and women, who can
read, write aud perform a sum in the rnle of
three, and who have not, within some small
number of years, received parish relief.”
“ Respecting the disabilities of dissenters,
my answer may be brief. There ought
to be no disabilities whatever on account
of religion.”
PUBLIC SENTIMENT IN FRANCE, AND
ENGLAND.
The Paris correspondent of the New York
Times, under date of the 35th nit., referring to
the termination of th: war in this country,
says ,
Whethsr the Emperor rejoices-at this fart or
not, it ia certain that the rage herein certain
imperialist and Legitimist quarters is almost
eqnal to that exhibited in the clubs and news
paper offices of London, which are said at this
moment to be perfectly bine with the oaths of
disappointed men. It ia true that the French
have more conildence in being aide -o maintain
peace with America than the English have.—
tint then, as an off et to thia, they fear more
in France the examoie of the great and suc
cessful republic than they do in England. So
far as I can learn, the English and Fresch. bat
particularly the former, take the downfall of
the rebellion harder than the Southern people
themselves. Tin English abuse their govern
ment andjournals for having deceived them,
and thus missed the opportnuily of breaking
up the Union. They were assured by the or
gans of the government and of the rebels that
the rehslllon could not he p it down, and that it
was the best policy of the government to allow
both parties to exhaust themes Ives, and then
America would no longer be a menace or a rival
to anvbodv But now the contrary ia the re
unit, and the imprecations of the clubs against
the Government is said to be something appal
ling, even in the history of English profanity.—
They see England humbled, her judgment put at
naught, her statesmanship at fault, all America
her natural and implacable enemy, the menace
of a war constantly held over her, ao that, in fact,
her position is real y worse than that of the reb
els, who have been in the Union, who know its
advantages, and are not afraid to return to it
1 u other words, w) ile the rsbsls have before
them the prospective of prosperity and fature
happiness, the English have that of a war, or
what is worse, constant insults and humilia
tion.
Significant Skins.—A lady, who has paid
some ittention to small matters, says she always
wa cbes with mnch interest the ingTest and
egress of husbands and wives to and from tbs
dining room of fashionable hotels. "If," laid
she, -the wives enter and depart a little in ad
vance of their husbands be sure they wear the
Oh-no-we-never-moution-’ems. If, on the con
trary, the husbands take the lead, you may rest
assured they take the lead in everything else."—
This idea to ns Is perfectly original, and we ihsll
be somewhat particular hereafter in satisfying
ourselves of inch algnificnnt signs.
THE OITY.
OFFICIAL DIRECTORY.
Major General Ilalleck'i headquarters are at
the corner of Clay and Twelfth street*.
Major Oen. E. O. C. Ord, commanding the De
partment of Virginia. Headquarter* corner of
Clay and Eleventh streets. Office in Cnatom
House, second floor—Bank street entrance.
Brig. Gei. M. R. Patrick, Provost Mar*hal
General.—Headquarters opposite Gen. Ord's.—
Office in Custom House, flret floor—Bank itreet
en- trance.
Major General Casey’s headquarters are at the
corner of Sixth and Main streets.
Brevet Brig. Gen. JohnE. Mulford, Agent for
the Exchange of P.lsoncra, has an office at the
•Female Ins ltute,” cornor of Clay and 10th sts..
—(first floor.)
Brevet Brig. Gen. Mirhie, Chief Engineer De
partment of Virginia; office, second left-hand
door, first floor, Custom House, Bank-street en
trance.
Brig. Gen. F. T. Dent, Military Commander
of the city of Richmond; office, City Hall.
Surgeon B. Longhrau, Chief Medical Officer of
Post—City Hall.
Lieut H. S. Merrill, Post Quartermaster of
fice, Female Institute, Tenth street.
Capt A. J. Cook, Post Commissary ; office,
No. 116 Broad street.
Col. M. P. Small, Chief Commissary Depart
ment of Virginia, office at Custom Hons*.
Col. D. M. Evans, Paroling Officer. Office,
State Semte Chambrr, up stairs, north end.
Colonel John B. Howard, Chief Quartermaster
Army of the James, has his office in the Cus
tom House.
Col. Geo. Buckle;, U. S. V., Modical Director
of Department of Virginia. Office in Custom
House.
Acting Staff Surgeon Wm. H. Palmer, D. fl.
A., PostSirgcon, at Stuart Hospital.
Acting Assistant Surgeon Sanders, U. S. A„
in charge 0. S. Dispensary, corner Broad and
Eighth streets.
Major J. C. Paine, Chief Signal Officer- Office
In the Female Institute on Tenth street.
Captain Fred. Martin. Chief Commissary cf
Musters, Department of Virginia. Room 22, Fe
male Institute building.
Brig. Gen. Ludlow’s Headquarters—Room No
17, Female Institute, 10th and Clay streets.
District of tuk Appomattox. Headquarters
at Manchester.
Lt. Col. John Coughlin, 10th N. U. Vols. com
manding.
l apt. Aoel k. l-oavenworm, am > t. ail
ing Assistant djutant General.
Officers are respectfully reqnested to inform ns
of any error* or omisaion3 In the nbovo directory.
Blockade Goods and Blockade Prices
aro now reckoned among the things that
were—B. P.—before peace. As for the
blockade.runners themselves—that favored
few in dapper clothes and contented looks,—
their occupation gone, they too have gone
up and all good men pray that they may
never again come down. cak women, no
more go into hysterics at the sight of a
bonnet “just from Paris,” at five hundred
dollars; nor tug at silk at two hundred and
fifty dollars per yard, “just from Lyons;”
nor long for lace “just from Brussels,” and
selling at a sacrifice of one hundred dollars
per yard. Blockade goods, blo;kade run
ners, and blockade prices have had their
day, and now common sense is going to as.
sert its dignity again. In the eyes and esti
mation of most people articles and fabrics
have resinned their old value, are not
looked upon as being almost without price.
A bad man would hardly shoot another man
for the possession of a bolt of cloth, a yard
or two of silk, or a Cincinna’i ham ; and tho
shopkeeper docs no more keep a loaded gun
behind the counter, conspicuously display
ed, as a warning to covetous people. Even
the common thieves have reformed in this
respect, and hence gro;erics and manufac
tured fabrics have become so common and
cheap, they discard them, and go iu only for
greenbacks, specie, and the costlier articles
of the catalogue.
“ Familiarity breeds contempt,” and this
is not only true of the human species, but
of everything that enters into the multitude
of his wants and desires.
The United States Custom House Ke
cords.—When the State of Virginia seceded
in 1861, the authorities seized, in the name,
and by the authority of tho Confederate
Government, all the records of the United
States Custom House in this city, and the
same were subsequently tamed over to Col.
Lorton, the first Colloctor of Customs un
der the new Government. The bundles and
packages knocked about from pillar to post,
some of the oaoers daily eoinz into oblivion.
until Major John H. King came into office as
one of tho officers of the Revenue. Ho col
lected the papers together, packed them in
boxes, and had them stored in his office on
Main street, in the expectation that some
day possibly they might bo wanted by their
original custodians. The records remained
securely laid away until the unfortunate
fire of the 3rd of April, when the office of
Major King was burned, witli all its contents,
including the Custom H<*ise papers, which
he strove in vein to save.
We do not know that the destruction of
the documents involves much pecuniary loss
to the Government, but it may delay and
embarrass the early resumption of the Revo
nue business in Richmond.
Almost Fatal Accident to Governor
Smitd.—Wo learn from a gentleman who
came down the Canal from Lynchburg, on
Tuesday, the particulars of an almost fatal
accident which befel Ex-Governor William
Smith, upon the occasion of his flight from
Richmond. In company with others, he was
riding up the tow-path of the Canal on the
Tuesday night succeeding the ovacuntion,
when his horse baulked upon one of the
breaks in tbe path, tumbled and plnnged
headlong into tbe water. In the dreadful
plunge, the Governor lost his seat and fell
beneath his horse, and wa3 borne under the
water, the animal rearing and struggling
desperately, subjecting the Governor to a
double chance of death from his hoofs, or
by drowning. In a few moments the horse
recovered himself, and the Governor rose to
tho surface wet, brnised and exhausted, but
still a live Governor, minus his bat. nis
injuries were not so severe a* to disable him
from continuing his journey.
Tnc Markets.—Tbe Lower, or First Mar.
ket, was fuller yesterday morning than at
any time since tho occupation of tho city—
plenty of ahad and other fish, vegetables,
meats, &c. Shad sold at fifty cents apiece,
and meats at twenty-five cents all around.
Vegetables were rated abont tbe same.
The Hotel, corner of Franklin street and
Locnst alley, formerly kept by Mr. Stokes,
has passed into the hands of Mr. A. J. Boyle,
formerly baker to the Army of the James,
who has opened therein tho “Union Dining
Saloon.”
Ta* Bailboabi.—All tha railroads osb.
terlng hare are In operation some distance
from the city, with the single exception of
tho York River Road. The Petersburg road
is running through under direction and
charge of the United States Military Rail
road establishment. The Danville road is
running under the same superintendence as
far as Burkesvillc, and between that point
and Danville, under the management of the
railroad company. The Central has run
trains out to Bumpass Station, about forty,
five miles. This company, it is understood,
are managing their own road, and repairing
it as rapidly as possible, with a view to an
early resumption of business throughout its
extent and to Washington, via the Orange
and Alexandria Road. The Fredericksburg
roal is running to South Anna, and con.
struction par;ies are at work beyond there
to Fredericksburg, to which point the com
pany will very soon be prepared to operate
the line, it is anticipated, however, that
the Government will make use of this line
for direct communication with Washington,
to accomplish which it will doubtless have
to reconstruct that portion of the line firora
Fredericksburg to Aquia Creek.
Tbe reopening of these various lines of
railroad, the re-establishment of the Post
Office and the general invitation to all tra
ders to bring in their goods, wares and
merchandise freely, indicates clearly tbe
policy of the government at once to adopt
all such measures as may tend to incite and
hasten tho return of industry and prosperi
ty to the Stale. This is further indicated
by the wise and benevolent order of General
ilall^ck, directing the frequent sale of con
demned horses, mules, harness, wagons and
tools in this city, in order that tho farming
population may supply themselves with tho
means of raising crops tha present reason.
The first regular sale of this description of
property is appointed for the 13th inst. (Sat
urday) in this city and at Petersburg.
Steamship Communication B k t w e k x
Richmond and thk North.—Wc see daily
announcements in the Northern papers of
tho contemplated resumption of the various
steamer lines running to this port before the
war, and tho organization of new companies
.1_Ui... Wa I,... .1
- — —
ready announced the revival of several of
the old lines, and heartily welcome the in
dications of prosperity they foreshadow.
Arrangements are now making in Balti
more and New York, as we loam from the
press of tho former city, for the establish
ment of a new line of steamers to run reg
ularly between the ports of Richmond and
Baltimore, stopping at Old Point, and prob
ably at Norfolk and Portsmouth. The boats
of the contemplated line have been tor some
months past in the service of the United
States Government, and are not only re
markable for speed, but possess the most
superior accommodations for passengers.—
This line will have no connection with tho
Baltimore Steam Packet Company, or any
other line, but will he an independent or
ganization. The enterprising gentlemen who
are engaged as above, in the laudable en
terprise of advancing tho commercial rela
Utions of the sections, arc assured that the
capitalists and business men of Richmond
will do all in their power to co-operate with
them to tho extent of their resources, to
tbc end that the utmost success may attend
the several enterprises.
Drowning Case.—Between 5 and 6 o’clock,
on Tuesday altcrnoon, a little son of Mr.
Richard Steel, aged ten years, fell overboard
from a rough boat in which he was playing,
on the Basin. The father, Mr. Steel, being
apprised of the accident to his son, hastened
to the Basin, and succeeded in recovering
the body after ten or tifteen minutes had
cldpsed. Dr. T. C. Maddux was sent for in
the hope that, by the application ol the
proper restoratives, animation might be re
vived. The doctor came, and worked upon
the body fof an hour, when it was apparent
that life had gone, and no human agency
could win it back. The body was conveyed
to the residence of deceased’s parents, on
Byrd street, between 9th and 10th streets,
who arc very worthy people, and deserve
sympathy in their deep affliction.
The Removal of the Post Ofpick from
the building under the Spotswood back to
its original location iu the Custom House,
has not yet been commenced. The office
UUlU iiriMiv u uuu |/ui uiii>j chi o ioouvu »*» iv
cated in that portion of the Custom House
heretofore occupied by the Post Office.
Much interest is felt by the people at
Urge in the prospect of an early resump
tion of postal communication throughout the
State and tho States adjacent. The Depart
ment is working energetically we know, but
as there will have to be a complete reorgan
isation of the postal system, together with
the reopening of railroads and re-establish
ment of post offices and post routes, an im
mense deal of labor is involved, and it will
take'tirae and patient waiting.
“Tns Repcblic.”—The first number of
this journal—the fourth that has appeared
lq. Richmond since the occupation of the
city by the United States troops,—was pub
lished yesterday from Boshsr’s Hall, corner
of Main and 9th streets, by Messrs. Walker
& Lewellen, the proprietors, two gentlemen
of eminent business qualifications and news
paper experience. Tho paper is neat in ap
pearance, readable, and no complaint can
exist on the score of matter, its columns
being well stocked with editorial and other
matter, original and selected. Tho best in
terests of the city and State, and the coun
try at large—North and South—are pledged
as controling the policy of the journal.
General Suerman’s Abmt op Georgia.
That portion of the Army of Georgia lying
in Manchester did not pass through the city
yesterday, as per announcement. For some
reason, best known to the military authori
ties, the order for its marching was coun
termanded, and the troops remained in their
camps. The corps may take up their home
ward march to-day, in which event, we pre
sume, the route observed will be the same
as published by us yesterday in the special
order called forth by the occasion.
New Yoke Goods.—Messrs. Darby, Read
& Gentry, shoe dealers, corner of Broad and
9th streets, have just received from their
agent, in New York, a very superior stock
of boots, shoes, hats, and other articles in
their line, which thoy offer to the public this
morning at exceedingly liberal rates.
Mr. John Clarke, Main street, thiee doors
above 8th street, has also received a new con
signment of groceries, &c., from the North,
and offers them at reduced rates.
?AllA01 or SlIBIBAX'S CiT4t.lt fSMVSI
thk Citt.—Gen. P. Sheridan's Cavalry
Corps, numbering between 8,000 and 9,000
men, and accompanying trains, passed
through Richmond yesterday, striking the
lower portion of the city, opposite the pon
toons, and goiDg out Broad street. The
Corps was several hours passing a given
point. The passage of the troops waa not
generally known to the citizens living at s
distance from the route taken, aa there waa
no previous announcement of their coming.
A Nuisancb.—Under the recent order re
qniring citizens to cleanse their premises, a
considerable quantity of. rubbish and garb
age has been deposited by different per- .
sons, near the corner of Clay and 9th streets.
Residents in that neighborhood are com
plaining of the nuisance thus created. For
merly the “ chain gang” threw the accumu.
lations of rubbish into the adjacent ravine,
but, at present, there is no such “institu
tion.”
National Banks.—The first National
Bank, Hamilton G. Fant, President, went
into operation yesterday, on the first floor
of the Custom House, entrance on Bank
street.
A portion of the first floor apartment, .
Main street entrance,, formerly the paying
office of the Confederate Treasury, is, in the
hands of workmen, being fitted up prepara
tory to the opening of another National
Bank.
Explosion.—About 9 o’clock yesterday
morning, a lager beer barrel (not a Dutch
man) exploded in a shop on Franklin street,
near Governor. The explosion was like
nnto that of a weak bomb, deluging the
floor with beer, breaking out several panes!
of glass, knocking the tumblers about, and
throwing the oranges into the street. The
explosion was in consequence of fermenta
tion, and no escape for the gases.
Tiik Court op Conciliation.—This court
sat yesterday, but transacted no business.—
To-day is appointed for the hearing of the
first causes.
Nine cases out of ten of the applications
involved rents, the contracts for which were
made on the basis of Confederate currency,
the object being to ascertain what would be
a just and equitable tender in Federal cur
rency.
A Serenade.—The H7iljr was compli
mented last night with a serenade by the
splendid brass band of the 24th Massachu
setts Regiment. The mnsic discoursed by
this band is really tine. It would be difficult
to And its superior. We hope that they will
give a public concert before the lapse of
many days.
FianiNc Tackle.—At last the importers
have condescended to the importation of a
small lot of fishing hooks and Ashing tackle, —*
and those piscstorially inclined can And them
In any quantity at Messrs. Kimberly Bro
thers, 15th street, or Mr. Walsh’s, Main
street.
The HKADqcABTERs of Maj. Gen. £. O.C.
Ord will be transferred to-day from the
Custom House to the Female Institute, 10th
street. The Custom House will be occupied
exclusively by the Treasury Department of
tho Uuited States.
The Confederate Archives, papers, doc
uments, and other writings appertaining to
the late Confederate Government, have been
packed and sent to Washington. They filled
ninety-ono boxes, »nd were addressed to
tho Assistant Secretary of War, Dana.
Native Ice.—Messrs. J. J. Dinford & Co.,
No. 119 Franklin street, announce that they
have on hand a large supply of ice, which
they will serve to customers at the usual
rates. _
Neoro Drowned.—A colored man, for. -
raerly the property of Mr. William Ruther.
forod, was drowned yesterday,while bathing
in the river, below Rocketts. The body had
not been recovered up to evening.
Cp-Mpeclal IMotlce.—We will add to our
sale TUMORHOW
10 dozen Valises
3 cases Tacks
10 nests Tubs
TABDY A WILLIAMS,
No. 8 Main street,
myll—It Richmond, Va.
CT"Mp«‘<’lnl Nolise.—I invite particular
attention to my sale of hat dsome Rosewood
Chamber Furniture, Household Furniture, Brus
sels and Ingrain Carpets. China Dinner Set, Cook
ing Stove, Ac., THIS DAY, at the residence of
Mr. P. H. Mayo, on Grace street, between 3d and
4th streets.
my IIE- B. COOK, Auct'r.
SHOES! SHOES!! SHOES!!!
at the old stand of chiles a chiniit,
Corner of Hrond and Oth Street**
JUST RECEIVED A SUPERIOR ASSORT
MENT of
LADIES’ SHOES,
Amongst which may be fonnd—
LADIES' LEATHER BALMORALS, f2 6U
per pair.
LAl-IEa’ LASTING GAITERS, #3 60 per
pair.
LADIES’ FANCY TIPPED GOAT BALMO
RALS.
LADIES’ FANCY CONGRESS GAITERS,
with Buckles.
MISSES FANCY CONGRESS GAITERS,
with Buckles.
MISSES FANCY MOROCCO BALMORALS,
Tipped.
CHILDREN’S FANCY BALMOBAL&
CHILDREN’S FANCY CONGRESS GAI
TERS, with Bucklea.
CHILDREN’S MOROCCO AND KID SHOES.
For lalo wholesale and retail by
m yll—4t W. B. POLK.
1“h ILL SELL ON FRIDAY MORN
1NU, commencing at 10 o'clock, at my Store,
No. 86 Main itreet a choice assortment of House
hold and Kitchen Furniture, conaiating I* part
of—
Mahogany Wardrobe*
Marble-top Bureaus
Marble-top Weahstanda
Spring-bottom and other Chair*
Dining and Centre Tables
Tin Safe
Sldeboarda
Brunei* and three-oly Carpet*
3 dozen Jelly Glasses
10 dozen Blacking
1 Sewing Machine •
1 Urge Trunk
B dateads, Bed and Bedding
Hair and Shack Mattrasaes
1 superior Ladies’ Riding Drss*
Boots, Shoes and Clothing
cooking Stoves * 1
Smoking and Chewing Tobacco
Small lot of Sole Leather
Saddles and Bridles
Window Shades
8cott’s Bible, complete in 6 vol*.
Lot of Gold anc Silver Watches
And many other goods too numerous to me*- /
tion. L. H. LUCK, Anct’r. I
rayll—2t _86 Main street. /
TEA. Kettle*. Coffee Mill*, Axes, Prying Pane, /
A- Ovens. Skillet*. Butcher Knives, Tin Coffee /
Pots, S'ew Pans, Buckets, Coffee Boilers Tin
Plates Stove Pan.*, Waah Batons, Wood Water J
Bucket*, Brooms. Rifteri, Children s Wheelbar- ;
iow«, Brase Brick-Mold*. Braae Window-Fnaten- f
leg*. Grate*. Pender*; Ac., for tale In large or J
small quantities. Apply at oar Foundry.
DENOON, ANDERSON & CO„ I
336 Main, between 8th and »th itneta. f
my 11—«t*