Letter of Kossuth.
The following appeal of the exiled Governor of
Hungary to the sympathy of Lord Palmerston is
fraught with an affecting interest, and strongly be
lies the statement that the writer has embraced the
faith of Islam :
VVimJKN, (Turkey,) Sept. 20.
Your Excellency is, no doubt, already informed
of the lall of my country—-unhappy Hungary, assu
redly worthy of a better fate.
It was not prompted by the spirit of disorder, or
the ambitious views of faction ; it was not a revolu
tionary leaning which induced my native country to
accept the mortal struggle maintained so gloriously,
and brought by nefarious means, to so unfortunate
an end. *
Hungary has deserved from her kings the histor
ical epithet of “generous nation,” for she never
allowed horsclf to bo surpassed in loyalty and faith
ful adherence to her sovereigns, by any nation in
the-world.
Nothing hut the most revolting treachery, the
most tyrannical oppression, and cruellies unheard
of in the words of history—nothing but the infernal
‘doom of annihilation to her national existence, pre
served through a thousand years, through adversities
so numerous, were able to rouse her to oppose the
fatal stroke aimed at hor very life, to enable her to
repulse tho tyrannical assault of tho ungrateful
Hapsburgs, or to accept the struggle for life, honor
and liberty forced upon her. And she has nobly fought
that holy battle, in which with the aid of Almighty
God she prevailed against Austria, whom weerush
cd to the earth, standing firm even when attacked by
the Russian giant, in the conciousncss of justice, in
our hope in God, and in our hope, my lord, in the
generous feeling of our great and glorious nation,
the natural supporter of justice and humanity
throughout the world. But this is over; what
tyranny began has by treacheiy concluded; on
all sides abandoned, my poor country has fallen, not
through the overwhelming power of two great em
pires, hut by tho faults, and I may say tho treason,
of her sons.
To these untoward events I pray God that my
unhappy country may be the only sacrifice, and that
the truo interests of peace, freedom, and civilization
through the world may not bo involved in our un
happy fate.
Mr. Francis Pulsky, our diplomatic agent in
London, has received ample information as to the
cause of this sudden and unlooked for change in the
affairs of Hungary, and it is instructed to communi
cate it to your excellency, if you are graciously
pleased to receive the same. It is not antipathy to
Austria, though so well merited at the hands of eve
ry Hungarian, but a true conviction which makes
me say that even Austria has lost far more by her
victory, gained through Russian aid, than she would
have lost in merited defeat through honorable ar
rangement. Fallen from Iter position of a first-rate
(tower, site has now forfeited herself consistency,
and lias sunk into the obedient instrument of Rus
«ian ambition and of Russian command.
Russia only has gained at the sanguinary game ;
tlie has extended and strengthened her inlfuence in
elte East of Europe and threatens already, in a fear
ful manner, with out stretching arms, not only the
integrity, hut the moral basis of the Turkish em
pire.
May it please you, my Lord, to allow me t<i
communicate to your Excellency a most revolting
condition which the Turkish government, at tho
suggestion of Russia, is about to impose upon us
puor homeless exiles.
I, the Governor of unhappy Hungary, after hav
ing, I believe, as a good citizen and honest man, ful
filled to the last my duties to my country, had no
choice Icit trie helw eeti tlie repose of the grave and
the inexpressible anguislt of expatriation.
Many of my brethren in misfortune had preceded
me on the Turkish territory. I followed thither, in
the hope that I should be permitted to pass to
England and there, under the protection of the
English people—a protection never yet denied to
persecuted man—allowed to repose for awhile my
wearied head on the hospitable shores of your happy
island.
But even with these views I would rather have
surrendered myself to my deadliest enemy than
caused any difficulty to the Turkish Government,
whose situation 1 well knew how to appreciate and,
therefore, did not intrude on the Turkish territories
without previously inquiring whether I and rnv
companions in misfortune would he willingly received
and the protection of the Sultan granted to ns.
We received the assurance that we were welcome
guests, and should enjoy the full protection of his
Majesty the Padisha, who would rather sacrifice
50,000 men of his own subjects, than allow one hair
of our heads to be injured.
It was only upon this assurance, that we passed
into tho Turkish territory, and according to the
generous assurance, we were received and tended on
our journey, received in Widden as the Sultan’s
guests, and treated hospitably, during four weeks,
while waiting from Constantinople farther orders as
*o the continuation of our sad journey to some dis
tant shore.
Even the ambassadors of England and France,
to whom 1 ventured in the name of humanity to
appeal, were so kind as to assure me of their full
sympathy.
11 is majesty, the Sultan, was also so gracious as
togivea decided negative to the inhuman pretensions
of our extradition demanded by Russia and Austria.
But a fresh letter from his Majesty Ihe Czar arrived
in Constantinople, and its consequenco was the sug
gestion sent to us by an express messenger of the
Turkish government, that the Poles and 1 lungnri
nns, ami in particular myself. Count Casimir Batlii
. any, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Hungary under
my government, and the Generals Messaros and
Perczel (ail present here, would be surrendered tin
less we chose to abjure the faith of our fore fathers
in the religion of Christ and become Mussulmans.
And thus live thousand Christians are placed in the
terrible alternative cither of facing llm scaffold or of
pircliasing their lives by abandoning their faith. So
low is already the once mighty Turkey, that she
can devise no other means to answer or evade the
demands of Russia.
Words fail me to qualify these astounding sug
gestions, such as never have l<een made yet to the
fallen chief of a generous nation, and could hardly
have been expected in the 19th century.
My answer does not admit of hesitation. Be
tween death and shame the choice can be neither
dubious nor difficult. Governor of Ilungary and e
lected to that high place by the confidence of fifteen
millions of my countrymen, I know well what I
owe to tho honor of my country even in exile. Even
as a private individual I have an honorable path to
pursue. Once Governor of a generous country—I
leave no heritage to my children—they shall, at
least, bear an unsullied name. God’s will lie done,
lam prepared to die; but as I think this measure
dishonorable arid injurious to Turkey, whose inter
ests ( sincerely have at heart, and as I feel it a
duty to save iny companions in exile, if I ran. from
a degraded alternative, I have replied to the Grand
Vizier in a conciliatory manner,and took also the lib
erty to apply to Sir Stratford Canning and Gen. Au
flicit for their generous aid against this tyrannic act.
n full reliance on tho noble sentiments and gener
ous principles of your excel'ency, by which,as well
as through your wisdom, you have secured the es
teem of the civilized world. I trust to be excused in
inclosing copies of my two letters to the Grand Vi
zier and .Sir Stratford Canning.
I am informed that the whole matter is a cabal
against the ministry of Reschid Pacha, whose ene
mies would wish to force him to our extradition, in
order to lower it in public estimation and render im
possible its continuance in office. It iseertain that
in the grand council held on the 9th and 10th of
September, afl*T a tumultuous delate, the majority
of the council ’ -fared in favor of our extradition,
the majority of tiie ministry against it. No deci
sion was oomo to, in consequence of the altercation
which look place, but notwithstanding, the minis
try thought fit to make us tho revolting suggestion
I have named.
The mode of solving the difficulty would not I
am convinced, save the ministry, because a protec
tion only given, in contradiction of the Sultan’s
generous feeling, at the price of five thousand Chris
tians abandoning their faith, would be revolting to
the whole Christian world, and prove hardly calcu
lated to win sympathies for Turkey, in tho event
of war with Russia, which, in the opinion of tho
most experienced Turkish statesmen, isappoaching
fast.
i As to my native country, Turkey does, I believe
| already feel the hiss of the neglected opportunity Of
having given to Hungary at least some moral help
to enable it to check the advance of the common
enemy. But it appears that it would lie a very ill
advised mode of gaining Hungarian sympathy by
sending mu to an Austrian scutlhld, aud forcing my
unhappy companions to abjure their religion, or ac
i cept the same alternative.
No friend of tho Turkish government would
spring up from my blood, shed by her broken faith,
but many deadly foes. My lord, your heart will, I
am sure, excuse my having called your attention to
our unhappy fate, since it lias now assumed political
importance. Abandoned in this unsocial laud by
the whole world,even the first duties of humanity
give us no promise of protection, unless, my lord,
you and your generous nation come forward to pro
tect US.
W'liat stejis it may be expedient that you should
take, what we have a right to expect from tho well
known generosity of England, it would bo hardly
lining tiirl me to enter on. I plaiar my own and
my companions’ fate in your hands, my lord, and in
the name of humanity throw myself under the pro
tection of England.
Time presses—our doom may in a few days bo
sealed. Allow me to make an humble and person
al request. I am a man, my Lord, prepared to face
the worst; and 1 can din with a free look at Heaven,
as I have lived. But I am, also my Lord, a hus
band, son and father; my poor, true-hearted wife,
my children, and my noble old mother,are wander
ing about Hungary. They will probably soon fall
into the hands of those Austrians who delight in
torturing even feeble women, and with whom tho
innocence of childhood is no protection against per
secutions. I conjure your excellency, in the name
of the Most High, to put a stop to these cruelties
by your powerful mediation, and especially to accord
to my wife and children an asylum on the soil of
the generous E.nglish people.
As to my poor, my loved and noble country, must
she, too, perish forever? Shall she, unaided, a
bandoned to her fate, and unavenged, lie doomed to
annihilation by her tyrants? Will England, once
her hope, not become her consolation ?
The political interests of civilized Europe, so
many weighty considerations respecting England
herself, and chiefly the maintenance of the Ottoman
Empire, are too intimately hound up with the ex
istence of Hungary for me to loose all hope. My
lord, may God the Almighty, for many years shield
you, that you may long protect the unfortunate and
live to be the guardian of the rights of freedom and
humanity. I subscribe myself, with the most per
fect respect and esteem,
(Signed) L. KOSSUTH.
The Foreign Organ.—It seems that the new
French Minister is not to come out for some weeks,
and it may lie months. Louis Napoleon has un
bounded confidence in the ability and zeal of the
\\ ashinglou “Union,” ami is evidently disposed to
rely implicitly upon its efforts in support of French
pretensions, and in chastising the American Gov
ernment for having dared to resent the insults and
and rebuke the annoyance of the late French Min
ister. The French President isevidently acting with
his usual sagacity, and we do not at all wonder that
other foreign powers are following his example in
this respect. The English Minister is delaying his
arrival. Russia is without a Representative at
Washington. The letding monarchies of the Old
World, and especially the most absolute aud des
potic among them, clearly perceive the utility and
expediency off intrusting their interests to the for
eign organ already established at the seat of Gov
ernment. The “Union” advocates their several
claims with a vigor and energy which their own ac
credited Minister would not venture to display. It
denounces Gen. Taylor and his Cabinet, ibr main
taining American rights and American honor against
their arrogance and insolence, with a spirit and in
language which they dare not use. They under
stand perfectly that the “Union” will go further in
tfieir behalf than any Minister whom they could
send ; and they are, therefore, rp.iito willing that
their missions should remain vacant, so long as the
Washington “Union” remains at the Capitol to ad
vocate their claims, fight their battles against its
own country, and do whatever fidelity to them and
hatred to the American Government may seem to
exact.—JYew York Courier.
Printers and Printing.—J. T. Buckingham,
Rs«|.,in his series of reminiscences in course of pub
lication in the Boston Courier, speaks of the im
portance of the printer to the author as follows:
“Many who condescend to illuminate the dark
world with the fire of their genius through the col
umns of a newspaper, little think of the lot of the
printer, who, almost suffocated by the smoke of a
lamp, sits up till midnight to correct his false gram
mar, bad authograpby, and worse punctuation._
I liavo seen the arguments of lawyers, in high re
pute as scholars, sent to the printer in their hand
writing—many words, and especially technical and
•Weigh terms, abbreviated, words misspelled, and
few or no points, and those few, if there were any,
entirely out of place. I have seen the sermons of
eminent ‘divines’ sent to the press without points
or capitals to designate the division of the sentences
—sermons which, if published with the imperfec
tions of the manuscript, would have disgraced the
printer’s devil if he were the author. Suppose they
had been so printed. The printer would have been
treated with scorn and contempt as an illiterate
block head—as a fellow heller fitted to he a wood
sawyer than a printer. Nobody would have believ
ed that such gross and palpable faults were owing
to the ignorance or carelessness of the author. And
no one hut the practical printer knows how many
i hours a compositor, and after him a proof reader, is
|.compelled to spend in reducing to a readable condi
i lion manuscripts that the writers would bo puzzled
j to read.”
Great Foot Race.— Pmbadly the most inter
esting and contended foot race that ins ever yet ta
ken place in this country, came offal Buffalo on the
24th hist. Jackson, tlie American deer, and 15 or
10 Indians started :
“It was soon apparent, however, ibnt the contest
was to lie between Canada,a descendant oflhe Fox
Nation from Cattaraugus, and tho white man Jack
son, nlthongh Smoke and Armstrong made good play
all through the race. On the tenth mile, Canada
led away from his competitor, Jackson, and soon
pul an end to all doubt as to the result. Almost
immediately on leaving the judge’s stand he com
menced to gain upon Jackson, and liefore passing
the half mile post, lie was more than twenty rod a
head. He came in in 5.24—running the ten miles
in 55 minutes and 49 seconds,wit bout being fatigued
or blown to any visahlc degree. Considering
the condition of the track, this is probably llio best
time ever made.— Buffalo Exp. 2nth.
The Nicaragua Dispute.—It is reported at
Washington, on what is thought sufficient author
ity, that Mr. Rives had, whilst in Condon, an in
terview w ith Cord Palmerston, in regard to the
Nicaragua affair, w hich has resulted in a good un
derstanding between the United States and F.ngland,
upon the basis of the free navigation of the San Ju
an River, and the opening of the whole contempla
ted line of commiinicaiton, to all nations, upon the
same terms of trade and navigation. This, how
ever, docs not affect, prr.bab.y, the question of sov
ereignly, which is the main ground of threatened
difficulty. I he New York Courier doubts not in
spite of the belligerent articles of the British Press,
that the dispute will l»e amicably settled_Great
Britain surrendering the right of way upon the above
terms.
'.'’r George Y\ . 'I horn peon Ins been nominated
for Congress by the Democracy of the Wheeling
: District in tho place of Alex. Newman, deceased.
Thos. S. ITaytnond, is the Whig candidate, 'Flic
| election will take place on Thursday, the 8th No
venilier. The vote for President in IH4H was.Gen.
1 Taylor 4.042; Gen. Cass 4,916. In 1844, Mr. Clay
, 3,778; Mr. Polk 4,638.
Z 1ST» 5 5) 5?8^
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1849.
QCJ- The year of most of our subscribers will close
in a few weeks and wo take occasion to request all
who have not settled, to lend us a helping hand as
soon as they can conveniently do so.
KovsitIll's Lcllch
We hardly need invite attention to Kossuth's
Letter to Lord Pai.mkhston, which will bo found
in another column. The events which connect his
name with so much that b noble, patriotic and de
termined, are too recent'find spirit-stirring, not to
claim the deepest interest in £v6ry point of his his
tor}', and the sincerest sympathy for the misfortunes
of his life. 1 lie reader rushes at once to any infor
mation of his present condition, and seizes any clue
to his future destiny.
II is country subdued and crushed by the combin
ed power of Austria and Russia, himself and 5,000
compatriots sought refuge in Ttlrkey, having first
received the plighted faith of the Government
( Turkish faith) for their protection. Hie Sultan
and his Ministers, conscious of their own weakness,
and alarmed at the power and threats of the Auto
crat who had demanded a surrender of these exiles,
arc found to waver. It i6 formally proposed that
they purchase their safety by parting^ilh their re
ligion and adopting the Mahometan faith. Horrid
alternative!—the surrender of their persons to a hit
ter and cruel enemy, or the adoption of a creed re
volting to reason and Conscience.
Kossuth, with a full knowledge that ati abjura
tion of his faith under such circumstances could not
bind his conscience, yet in view of the part he had
acted befote the world, and a pro|rer regard for his
good name, hesitated not a moment. Give mo death,1
exclaimed the high-soulcd man—fling me to hiy
enemies. My principles can sustain me in parting
with life—I will not die an apostate and hypocrite.
In the meantime, his wife and children and mo
ther are flying from one hiding place to nnother be
fore their pursuers. Under these circumstances,
the letter to the British Secretary of State was dic
tated—a letter conferring high and lasting honoftip
on the head and the heart of its author, fend orte
which does full justice to lire British nation and
government as occupying the front rank in the civi
lization of the world, and wielding a controlling in
fluence in the politics of Europe.
And what will England do? every one is anx
iously prepared to enquire. A letter from the Brit
ish Minister has already been delivered to the Cfcar,
in which, language to this effect is used The
English Government cannot admit, that in the 19th
century, with tire progress which universal civili
zation has made, any State could demand from its
neigh lairs the extradition of political individuals,
who, alter their defeat, had sought an asylum in a fo
reign land,” and hopes that it may not be compell
ed, by the persistence of Russian demands upon
the Sultan, to adopt measures for maintaining prin
ciples adapted to the spirit of the age. This one
demonstration of the British Lion, in the mild
majesty of conscious power, will suffice, we pre
sume, to stay the prowlings of the great Northern
Bear, and rebuke his depraved appetite for the per
sons of the forlorn patriots of Hungary.
Jiiaotioii Valley Turnpike.
N\ c have admired the zeal and ability exhibited
by the Lexington Gazelle in advocating the cause
of the Junction Valley Turnpike ; but when, in the
same connexion, it charges our town and county
with a want of liberality anil public spirit, we must
say that it goes considerably farther than ail the
facts of the case authorize. As we said last week, j
there is another work, in the completion of which,
this whole region of country, including a targe por
tion of Rockbridge, is much more deeply interested
, than in the construction of the Junction Turnpike
j \\ itbout the Rail-road,the Turnpike will beofcom
i paratively little benefit to the people of either coun
ty- When it is completed, however, the people of
Rockbridge will have the use of it without contrib
uting a cent towards its construction. Augusta ;
County has already subscribed sixty one thousand
and eight hundred dollars lor extending the road !
West of Charlottesville, and intends to make the
whole road without calling upon Rockbridge for a
dollar. Yet the Gazette tauntingly speans of us as
“the brag county of Augusta,” and the “wealthy |
and public spirit'd town of Staunton.” because we
have not forthwith raised the third part of the sum
necessary for making the road to Rtirhanan, which
is to benefit Rockbridge at least six times more than
Augusta. This is “adding insuit to injury.” .Let
Rockbridge contribute her equitable portion to tho
Rail road, and she will then have some reason for ]
using such language towards us. Until then, we !
charge the Gazette to forbear such expressions, upon !
pain of our serious displeasure. That the amount'
will ultimately be raised, we hope and believe.
&> We notice that Mr. Douglass, through the
medium of the Washington Union, contradicts t!ie
statement of‘Z.,’ the correspondent of N. Y. Courier
and Enquirer, in reference to the charge of corrup
tion brought against Mr. Ew ing, and acquits Mr.
Burke of originating the fabrication. The issue is |
now fairly made up between the two, and wc shall j
await the evidence. If the ex-commissioner, could 1
whredlo Mr. Dougi.ass, as stated by “Z.,” in one
instance, ho might be as easily wheedled in the
matter of the letter. The National Intelligencer
gives a detailed account of the facts in the case, out
of which it says, the “Union” has manufactured a
cunningly devised fable to blacken the character of
an honorable man. The Intelligencer charges the
editors of the Union with full as much turpitude in
the premises, as “Z.” traces to Mr. Uukke indi
vidually. No matter with whom it originated, we
still look upon the story as the slanderous invention i
of party, if not of personal malice.
(try We acknowledge the receipt of three ancient
newspapers, forwarded by our old friend Jacob j
Gef.iner, of Franklin, Pendleton Co. One of the i
papers is the “Staunton Eagle,” dated June IOth,
1809, and published by Jacob I). Dietrick._
Frtend G. would confer an additional favor, if he
wonld send ut a copy of the Jlm-hor hor net, al»>
published in our town in by gone days.
Democracy and AbolUionittm.
Il has been quite evident for some time past that
Democracy and Abolitionism were fast becoming
ono and the same in the free States of the Union.
The conservative-parly which has heretofore exist
ed among Northern Democrats, is now every where
giving way, or, according to the peculiar law of pro
gress ol which Democracy boasts, rapidly advanc
ing to Abolitionism. NVIffcn reminded of these facts,
Southern Democrats, unable to deny, retort by
charging that their party friends are no worse than
the Whigs—a poor come off truly, after all their
bragging, in days^onc by, about their “natural al
lies.” "But it is not admitted that Northern Whigs
occupy the same ground as Northern Democrats
with regard to the Slavery question. They are
undoubtedly opposed to tfie extension of Slavery,
and assert the power of Congress to prohibit or »
bolish il in the Territories; but they are not fanat
ical in their view's, and according to the New York
Evening Post, all seem to agree with the Tribune,
(frequently quoted by Southern Democrats to sus
tain their declarations and, therefore, good aulhcri
ty against them.) that il is nut wise to embarrass
the government by passing a prohibitory or declar
atory act.
The latest exposition of Democracy has been giv
en by Mr. Salmon P. Chase, recently elected U.
S. Senator by the Legislature of Ohio. This gen
tleman insists that Mr. John Van BunEN was al
together mistaken when he announced the decease
of the Democratic party. Ho “prefers to'say that
'.he National Democratic party is in process of re
generation”—or, to carry out the idea in othor Ian- |
gnage, it has only passed from the caterpillar into
the chrysalis state, and will come forth, by and by,
a beautiful Abolition butterfly. Mr. Chase seems
not to despair of Southern Democrats even, the ul
tra slavery men, making right good Abolitionists in
the course of time ; otherwise, lie tells them plainly
that the great “National Democratic party” will
dispense with their services. The Democracy
South, have been duly warned of'these probable re
sults, but they wont believe either possible till they
find themselves fluttering gaily through the air on
newly acquired wings, or left in the lurch with the
empty shell of Democracy—the name, and nothing
more. We hardly believe that our Southern Dem- i
cerate Will ever become Abolitionists, but Mr. i
Chase says the whole party is wrapped up in a co
coon, and what form the insect is assuming, time
alone can certainly reveal.
Speaking of the “slavery restriction and discour
agement, Jeffersonian ground,” which the North
ern faction occupies, Mr. Chase says:
“Let the party in the slave States advance to the
same ground. Perhaps in advancing, some may 1
desert and go over to the Conservatives. Possibly j
in the slave States, the party must go into a tem
porary minority. Let it be so. The compensation !
will ho found in the concentration, the unanimity, |
the invincibility of the united Democracy in the
free Slates. Triumphant in the free Slates, and
strong hy the strength of their principles, even in
the slave States, the Democracy can elect its na
tional candidates, under such circumstances, in de
spite of all opposition.”
We unite with an exchange in commending the
above extract to the consideration of all lovers of
the Union, and especially to those who are fond of;
talking about Sonlhern Democracy. The settled
policy of the opposition at the North, which it |
frankly avows, is well calculated 10 excite appre
I tension.
American Art Union.
We are indebted to E. M. Tavlor, Esq., Hon
orary Secretary of the American *lrt Union, for a
copy of the splendid print last issued by the Insti- I
tution, ( Queen Jlfary signing the death warrant of
Lady ,1 me Grey,) and, also, an elegant copy of
Washington Irving’s story of Rip Van Winkle,
with outline illustrations by Darley.
The “American Art Union” was 'incorporated
by the Legislature of New York, for the promotion
of the Fine Arts in the United States, and has thus ■
far proved a most efficient organization for the at
tainment of this end. The lack of a sufficient pa
tronage has hitherto been the great barrier to the
advancement of American talent. The aspirations
of genius have been checked because there was not
a proportionate demand for its creations, and many
an American Raphaki. has descended to the tomb
without reputation, simply fur the want of some in
centive to the development of his talent. Thisdif- I
ftculty has been to a grpat extent removed by the
establishment of the “Art Union.” The capital
produced by association is expended in the pur- I
chase of works of Art, by American Artists, which
are placed in the gallery of the institution, exposed
to the admiring gaze of the public. What encour
agement is thus extended to the humblest aspirant!
We notice the names of some of our citizens a
mong the members of this valuable institution, and
most cheerfully recommend the increase of the num
ber. The payment of five dollars constitutes mem
bership, which is more than returned in the mag
nificent print which each member receives.
Southern Literary Messenger.—The November
No. of this periodical presents a peculiarly rich ta
ble of contents. We have not found time, as yet,
to peruse it carefully, but notice among other inter
esting articles, one suggested by the death of the
late Chapman Johnson* Esq., which will be read
with interest in our community.
Jefferson Monument.Magazine. Wo have receiv
ed the first No. of this work, conducted by the stu
dents of the University of Va. and issued monthly
from the Charlottesville press. The fund arising
from the publication of this periodical, is to bo ap
propriated, as its name implies* to the erection of a
monument to Jefferson, at the University of Vir
ginia. Aside from this commendable object, the
Magazine presents intrinsic attractions, which enti
tle it to ah extensive patronage. The first No. au
gurs well for the future.
Palmer's Jtusineu Men's Almanac.—We nrc in
debted to the entorprising compiler for a copy of this
valuable work, it should bo in the handbuf every
business man.
The Virginia Messenger, “an independent jour
nal, devoted to News, Agriculture, Internal Im
provement, Morality, Temperance, Popular Edu
cation, Stc., J. F. Kurtz. Editor and Proprietor—
A. J. Stofrr, Printer for the Proprietoris the
title of a pa|»er, the first number of which appeared
on Saturday last, making the third newspaper of our
town.
We welcome the enterprising proprietor into the
field of editorial labor, and wish him good speed in
every noble and honest effort for the accomplish
ment of good purposes.
Cassius M. Clay has now entirely recovered
from the wounds ho receive in his last fight.
The PACiric Railroad.—The Railroad from
the Valley of the Mississippi to the Pacific Ocean,
is likely to engage the attention and employ tho en
ergies of tho nation for many years to come. The
late Conventions at St. Louis and Memphis havo
afforded opportunities for conference to the friends
of the great enterprise. “At the St. Louis Conven
tion,” says the Baltimore American, “Col. Renton
with characteristic earnestness, advocated the con
struction of the road as a'Government enterprise.—
The conclusion of his speech exhibits a fine speci
men of that bold and glowing eloquence into which
he sometimes rises
We live in extraordinary times, and are called
upon to elevate ourselves to tho grahdeur of the oc
casion. Three and a half centuries ago, the great
Columbus—the man who was afterwards carried
home in chains from the New World which he had
discovered—this great Columbus,in the year 1492, 1
departed from Europe to arrive in the East by go
ing to the West. It was a sublime conception.—
He was in the linn of success, when the interven
tion of two continents, not dreamed of before, arrest
ed his progress. Now, in the nineteenth century,
mechanical genius enables his great design to be
fulfilled. In the beginning, and in barbarous ages,
the sea was a barrier to the intercourse of nations.
It separated nations. Mechanical genius, in invent
ing itin ship, converted that barrier into a facility.
I'hen land and continents became the obstruction.
The two Americas intervening have prevented Eu
rope and Asia from communicating on the straight
line. For three centuries and a half this obstacle
has frustrated the grand design of Columbus. Now,
in our day, mechanical genius has again triumph
ed over the obstacles of nature, and converted
into a facility that which had so long been an ini
passable obstacle.
* * ■* * * « *
Let us complete the grand design of Columbus
of putting Europe and Asia into communication, and
that to our advantage, through the heart of our
own country. Let us give to his ships, converted
into cars, a continued course, unknown to ail for
mer times. Let us make an iron road—and make
it from sea to sea, States and individuals making it
east of the Mississippi, the nation making it west.
Lot us now, in this convention, rise above everything
sectional, peisona), local. Let us beseech the Na
tional Legislature to build the great road upon the
great national line which unites Europe and Asia_
the line which will find, in our continent, the Bay
of San Francisco at one end, St. Louis in the mid
die, the national metropolis, and great commercial
emporiums at the other—and which shall be adorn
ed with its crowning honor, the colossal statue of
the great Columbus, whose design it accomplishes,
hewn from the granite mass ofa peak of tho Kockv
Mountains, overlooking the road—the mountain it
self the pedestal, and the statue a part of the moun
tain—pointing with out-stetched arm to the western
horizon and saying to the flying passenger, there is
the East! there is India.
SriRif of TrtE A«e.—There are now in the
United States about 8,500 miles of railroad com
pleted, and at least 5,000 miles more in contempla
tion. Among these are two great lines-^-one from
Cincinnati to St. Louis, to cost $5,000,000; and
another from the Mississippi to the Pacific Ocean,
to cost over $00,000,000, for a distance of more than
2,000 miles.
The Cincinnati Gazette gives the following ac
count of the various projects for uniting the people
of the Atlantic and Pacific slopes by canal and
railway:
“There is tlm route across the isthmus of Te
huantepec, in Mexico, being a distance of one hun
dred and five miles by land. The chief advantage
of tiiis route is the fact that it is shorter than the Pa
nama route by eighteen hundred mike. The Brit
ish house of McIntosh &. Co. have obtained from
Mexico the right of way.
“Then there is the Panama route across the isilt
mus, being a water communication of thirty miles,
and only about twenty five miles by land. This
route has been surveyed, a railway charter obtain
ed, and all the stock taken by American capitalists,
and the work soon to be speedily accomplished.
“The third route is the “Ship Canal,” by the
Nicaragua and Leon lakes, with the navigable riv
ers, making a water passage of two hundred and
filly miles, and the land passage only thirty miles.
A company for the building of this ship canal has
been formed in New York, a contract made, and
recognised by the late treaty with Nicaragua, ami
the work to l>e done within twelve years; this route
is nearer to California, by four hundred miles, than
via Panama.”
CC#~ The Washington correspondent of the N.
Y. Courier, in a letter dated October 30th says—It
is believed that the new French Envoy will reach
Washington during the month of November, and
that he will come with instructions to present im
mediately for adjustment, the two claims which led
to Poussin’s disaster. By this means the French
Cabinet wiil recover from the appearance of conces
sion, in the prompt appointment of M. Poussin’s
successor. But N1 r. ('layton is quite certain that
this intercourse with M. Bois Le Comte will be of
the most friendly character, and the. matter in dis
pule will tie disposed of very readily and in a man
ner altogether satisfactory to all parties.
There is no ground for the statement that Mr.
Lues, when in London, held, under instructions
from this government, an interview with Lord Pal
merston. as to the Nicaragua matter. That affair
is entirely in the hands of Mr. Lawrence, no far as
our diplomatic agency is concerned, and I have rea
son to believe that our Government thinks it will he
speedily and fairly adjusted.
Secretary Meridith is at work night and day on
his Report; and it is said that it will he a volumin
ous document, and will exhibit some astonishing
facts and figures connected with the past Financial
Policy of the Government.
I learn that Mr. I lannegan is soon expected to re
turn. Indeed, his May abroad has licen unaccounta
bly protracted, considering the single object of his
appointment—the pocketing of the $18,000 I
University of Viroinia.—Professor W. B.
Rogers has returned from his European tour; he
reached this place on Tuesday last, and was wel
comed hack with a cordial greeting in front of his
residence by the Students, on the evening of his
arrival at the University, to which Mr. R. replied
in Ins usual eloquent manner. Ho was unable to
obtain passage in the two steamers which left pre
vious to the Sailing of the Etiropd; <Jr he would
have been at his prist earlier in the season. While
in Birmingham, Mr. Rogers was present at a meet
ing of the Scientific Association, and look part in
j the discussion which ensued in reference to the Gold
region in California. Prof. Rogers delivers his In
troductory Lecture to his class this morning at 9j
o’clock.— Charlotte.milk. Jeffersonian, Abe."I.
Orj- In Cincinnati it is Calculated that 11,000,000
pounds of lard will he run into lard oil this year,
iwo-sevenths of which aggregate will make stea
, rine, the residue oil, say about 20,000 barrels of 43
i gallons each. There is also an establishment in
[ that city extensively engaged In extracting the
grease from the residue of the hog, and will proba
bly this year operate in this way on 30,000 hogs.
This concern alone is expected to turn out this serrson ;
3,000,000 lbs. of lard. 3,000.000 lbs. of stoarine
have been made in one. year into candles and soap
in these factories, and they can mnkeG.OOO lbs. of
candles per average day throughout the year.
CCJ* I lie Lnion denounces an arrangement be-'
tween the VV higs and Free-Seilers in Michigan, I
somewhat resembling the coalition between Ihn Lo- j
cnfocos and Abolitionists of New York, Vermont and '■
elsewhere. Blaze away at them, for it is evidently
a violation of patent right, at which our contrmpo
rary may be allowed to get indignant. The Union
may insist as long as it pleases that all that soft of
intrigue and management belongs exclusively to its
own party.— Rcjoihlie.
itjurcccLLANEous [rtmanC
Pills and Politics-Dl BramfretH, thegtat
niM man, has been nominated for the Senate of Nov*
York by the Democrats of the 7llr Senatorial Dj*.
trie*. If the pills go down, itbserves tks Bos tori
Transcript, why sliould not the ptl) maker. Th*
Doctor will no doubt be elected. He hat>physicked
the good people of thiscountry corporealy to » great
extent, and nve see no reason why they ahoetd rtbt*
now stibmitlo a course of mental dosing, anett a**
he is well able to administer.
03* Mr. Tilghman, an ingenius American, ha^
discovered tliat by water at a high temperature, h*
can take felspar and decompose it into alumnia and
potash, and make from that common and heretofore
useless material such salts of potash as tho sulphate,
chloride and chromate. r
The Journal of'PharmaCy states that Mr. Tilgh
man’s discovery will be a saving of nearly one-hair
the expense in the manufacture of Soda.
American Colonization.—It is stated that u«
memorial has been prepared for presentation to the
Ohio Legislature, praying for a grant df $5000 a
year foi ten years, to be devoted to the removal of
negroes to Liberia. The memorial states that the
Society has had within its offer ten thousand alavee
on Condition that it shall bear the expense df Their
deportation.”.— Ctn. Com.
Pretty Good.—'“W hat shall I help ydu tol**
inquired the daughter of a landlady, of a modetft
youth at the dinner table.
wife” was the meek reply. The yourifc lady
blushed, perhaps indignantly, and it is said that th*
offices of a neighboring clergyman were requisite te
Tcconcile the parties.
OO-The trial ofS. A. Smith,the “Red Boot man,”
on a charge of “boxing upland attempting to ab
duct two negroes, some mdnrhs since, was conc'u
ded late on Wednesday night before Judge Robert
son s Criminal Court and the prisoner found guilfy
Yesterday he was sentenced .to the Penitentiary for*
four years and six months.—Rich. 'Enq.
Ratting Extraordinary.—Thegrealest haul
at rat catching we have ever known, took place at
the granary of Henry Drinker. Esq., near this vil
tage. a short time since,by placing a bag hi the oh
ly hole frbm which they could escape, the aslonisli
ing number of 172 rats were caught and killed.—
Montrose (Pa.) llegistcr.
Rapid Teleq rawing.—The news by the Readi
er Eumpa was-published on Friday motniog last
simultaneously in Philadelphia, Baltimore, Wash
ington, Richmond, Charleston, Columbia, Augua
ta. Savannah, Montgomery, and New Orleans —
1 he Southern telegraph line is now working admi
rably throughout the whole line.
A I raoedy.—A man haine:l feowen, we learn
from the Danville Register, in attempting to resist
with fire arms, the officer of the law, who had been
directed to take him into custody for the ctimmissioh
of a high misdemeanor, was killed by a volley of
pistols and musketry discharged at him by the df
ficers.
03- The editor of the New I'lampshire Patriot
says that when he thinks of the doings of tho present
Administration he fs constrained to hold his nose.
1 fe may pull and twist his own nose as much as ha
pleases; it will save better men the trouble._Lot*.
Jour.
03* The Southern Democrat, in some reflection*
upon our personal appearance, says he would like
to see us at a fancy ball “in the character of Apollo ”
W hen we go in that character, We shall insist oh
taking our neighbor of the Democrats as our lore
—lb. J
03* 'Phe Rev. Rufus W. Griswold, of New York,
was appointed by the will of the late Edgar A. Poe;
to he his literary executor; and in compliance with
the wishes of Mr. Poe’s fnore immediate friends, he
will prepare for the press his memoirs and corros
pondenee.
03- At the end of 1848, Prussia had 47 railway*
of 34;> German miles in length, open for traffic, and
D other lines, 44 miles partially opened. The cost
of the construction of these lines was 123,140,000
thalers. The German mile is about 4i EniT|ish
miles ; the thaler 3fr. 75c. **
03- A Scotch minister, very homely in his ad
dress. chose for his text a passage in the Psalms •_
“I said in my haste all men are liars.” “\v »»
premised his reverence, by way of introduction, “ya N
said it m your haste,David, did ye? Gin you had
been here, ye might ha’ said it at your leisure, mon.”
03- Highway robberies are effected in the su
burbs of London, through tho means of chloroform.
An elderly gentleman was recently robbed while
experiencing the agreeable sensations consequent
upon the inhaling of the subtle agent, forcibly ad
ministered. 3
“United we stand, divided we Fall.”_
A wag says this is not true in regard to the Sons of
Temperance, for the more “Divisions” they have,
the better they stand. Very true, for every Divis
ion is an addition, and multiplies the whole._JYorth
Carolinian.
Banes.—There are in the United Stites no less
than 098 hanks—and of these tho notes of only 53
stand at par in New York. The notes of the re
maining <>45 aro at a discount varying from 1 to 80
per cent.
, C9- The Boston Chronotype states that Harvard
University numbers577 students this year, being 78
over last season, Of these there are 94 law stu
dents, 127 medical, 17 divinity, 35 science, and 4
resident graduates.
09- The French Legislative Chamber resumed
its sittings on the 1st of October. Only 479 out of
/50 members were present. The old speaker Du
pin, was re-elected, having 339 votes, while the
candidate of the Mountain had but 107.
Excuse.—An Irishman, accused of marrying six
wives, or. being questioned how ho could be such a
hardened villinn as t;» delude so many, replied with
great nonchalance, “Why, plase your worship, I
was trying to get a good one !”
09- The Literary World says that tho Greek
Slave now on exhibition in New York,has been pur
chased by the Smithsonian Institute. We shall be
glad to see so beautiful a work of an American Ar
tist the properly of the country.
Canadian Annexation.— Resolutions in favot
of the Annexation of Canada to the United States
have been introduced into both Houses of tho Ver
mont Legislature.
03* The English and French press appear to h*
nearly if not quite unanimous in supporting their
governments in tho firm attitude they have assum
ed on the Turkish question.
•W.tNo a Bishop.—Tho Bishop of the Afri*
can Methodist Church was stabbed a few days sine*
at o camp-meeting at Mason, Ohio, while endeav
oring to keep the peace.
In a Nut-sfir.r/L.—Some dcscendent ofSolomort
has wisely rrmarkrd that those who go to law for
damages are euro to get them.
03- The Greeks in the Turkish dominions, insti
gated no doubt by Russian agents, are manifesting
a disposition to revolt against the Sultan.
03* A coquette may be Compared to tinder which
lays itself out to catch sparks, but docs nol always
succeed in lighting a match.
09" f nfher Matthew was at Worcester, Mass.,
on Monday week laboring under a partial paralysis
of one side of his body and of his tongue.
03“ A vessel has arrived at Chatham from Bom
bay, with 20 lonstof antiquities from Nirrevah for
the British Museum.
03- The oldest man in France, perhaps in the
world, lattdy died, retaining the use of his faculties
to the last. He W33 113 years and 4 mouths old.
59- It is said that Tendon contains 100,000 tot
115,000 public beggars.
03- A Revolutionary Hero, named Pierson, died
in Btitlor county, Ohio, on tho 9th till., aged 82.
• e