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r • tapressiou* were. That the U. States would ■ (ecognize the independence of Buenos w A> res, <»r any other of the tree sections of \ >. America, which had sufficient strength V and stability to warrant such recognition; iiul that the line of policy with regard to lie new states of S. America was totally ndependent, of existing relations with pain. He further informed king Ferdi >aud’s ministers, that nothing but a desire o evince to the world the amicable dis osition of the U. Slates, had prevented iini from withdrawing from Madrid the cry instant it was notified to him the atiftcatioii would not take place ; adding hat in this spirit of forbearance he should wait the final iiislructionsof his govern nent, which he hoped to receive before lie end of September At the close of his interesting and spirited cnimnuuica ion, Mr. Forsyth assured the Spanish ahinef, that they were not henceforward n consider any one of the conditions of he treaty, as binding on the U. Slates. Liverpool. Oct. 9.—Ar. Caledonia, il earns, Philadelphia. Sailed 3d, Laura Vnn, New Orleans. The Tiger, from Barbadoes, for this >ort, was lost on the coast of Wexford, ast week, with nearly the whole of her :rew and passengers, 30 in number. Deal, Oct. 6.—Sailed, the Bayard,for Virginia. k Liverpool, Oct.9.—General meetings in the unfortunate affair of the Kith ot \ugust, both in counties and towns,con Inue to be announced in varions parts of ■ ilie country. That of the county of York, which is signed by the Duke of Norfolk, Lari Fitz William, Lord Milton, and oth er distinguished personages, is announced in terms of the greatest caution and sus pence ; hut expresses a determination to demand enquiry. Meetings of the coun ties of Westmoreland amt Cumberland are also in preparation. LATEST FROM ENGLAND We have accounts to day trom England, by an arrival at New York from Liver pool up to the 9tb otOclober :—Meetings and requisitions tor meetings appear in everv part of England. T e meeting at I Halifax consisted of40,000 persons, witli I liberty caps on poles and banners bearing appropriate mottos; they were principally iii "I'Miriimg, atruuarcnca in me place designati ' ut n.titilnl tlmma. The sight ol this meeti' g is described as heittgawlul w in the extreme. SPAIN. A gentleman at Boston, who ha* resided several yeais in Europe, lias lately received from his tiiend at Madrid, the following curi ous account ot die transactions of the court at die pei iod ot the date, from which it is coined verbatim ; and placed in our hands by a friend • ol the authenticity of the statement, and a true picture ot the proceedings, there can In? no sort of doubt. Account ot 'he session of council of state,held at the palace, at Madrid, on Tuesday, 21th August. IfMP. i lie duke ot St Fernando, who had been appomted ambassador to llie United Slates, having arrived from the bath* in Arragon, at ft Madrid, and represent 'd to his majesty per sonally, as also through hi* wife, her sister, the princess ot peace, and brother tlie cardinal, the impolicy ol the measure the coimcil was convened to decide the matter. I lie council was opened bv the duke St. ’ ■ uando. spiting that bis health, w hich is very • elicate, was not to be a subject of discussion ; ’oat the only points to be decided on, were, whether a minister of bis rank, dec. \c. ought to be appointed ; whether it would not be compromising his majesty,(in case of refusal, to receive Imn by the United State*) bv send ■ ug a person connected hv marriage with the royal laoiiiy i -**»•. K ruando expatiated l.irge lv on the impolicy of the appointment, stating that the high distinctions with winch he was copdeenrattd, would only serve to make the matter worse, as those who formed the gov ernment of the United Staten Jrom tin nature of their education, habits, und institutions, were langlif to despise •ninhir honors. .It. Lgozano Torres answered him. that at to his cro«sos and ribbands, he might put them in his trunk it he pleased—as Ymjo and Ont* found it necessary to do. To which St Fernando replied—•• Yes, sir nut l cannot put the exalted ,'aiik, and *-t.n lacterofthe duke St. Fernando tit my trunk.” Lozano continued, stating that one of the powerful reasons for his wi bing thi duke to go was. that Ac was convinced, that so tong an the United .States remained a -public, no hopes could he entertained for »he •■. i.;ni|)ity and happiness of his majesty’s doml a* n V merica ; and that th duke from I* • , great talents, amiable manners, &c. jgc .» • .» po* aiblv In- aide to persuade the pe .. «• ...v ernment of the United States, to ee u-j* itieir system and adopt a monarchical t n of ■« ... eminent, and that then his majesty ight *«.Vs consar. Thi* strange, a* unexpected sally, created a laugh, which picquing the orator Isizano, lie observed, that it was a singular, hut not a less true fact,that the grandees, whenevei called on lorenderauv sendee to the I..... spniitl some cause for excusing them*- Ives Tliis last observation irritating he great duke of Infantado (commonly calhd mitrlla .do.ro) lie replied with some acrimony . Mr. Salmon, the secretary of state then rose, expressing his deep regret at the painful, hut necessary ta*k, allotted to him, of giving his opinion, ami after some tniling remarks, as to Hie treaty, he said, that lie w as convinced • Diiir li as that iie existed, that the ovn ament of the U. tales, uonld not lereivp a»g minister that should lie sent—and he was of opinion, that none-ought to he a. pointed, till the views ot theAmerican Government could In ascer tained. I tie in fa ii to Don ('arloi addressed his hro king, and thought it his dmy tosav tnat such propositions ind m-anires as wire proposed hy Lozano Torre*, were so completely riflicHlons and dhparatudu, that lie could not eotu eive how it could he intended for one sin gle moment, to listen to them ; much less to tniiik ii* ilisriHsing them. 'i’he king then broke up the connril hy say. tug as it“iiul “ bien ! bint ! le.t us go get some thing to eat.” Kept. 2 -t lie above is the substance of the proceedings at the last council ot tale, a* related *o me hy a counsellor, who f can depend •ipon. Since that lime nothing lias linen deter iniiicd on, and things rr main .in »latu inn . l/otago rone.*, the minister of grace and gustier, hi.d llie present farorite oi the king, and ’ ,0.'H 'a< t may be said to govern this coun try, is a compound of fully, stupidity and ig norance. If*- wishes to get the duke of St, Fernando out -if llie country because he drea U him : Locauo is the son of a carpenter, and nephew Ol a V .tch in .k* • at Cadiz. w!t-ch are sufficient reasons to depress him, even if he ft d talents and honesty, in a court like this , hut during the time of the Cortes, he was ad ntinistialor ot the hospital at the. island ol la-on, from in p-h situation he was dismissed tor Mealing nil the liaiim, fowl*, /kc, whirl were bought for the sick, and applying fherr to his omi Me. Me was afterwards protected »y ( Mtano*. who appointed him intendant ol ' division of the amiy he commanded. Tim i vision join* <1 lord ll'ellington, who discover. e ,('*****'* tricks—he was not content will: >u » >ing the army, hut used to give inform* ton to the French, ot the position of the Kng lisii and Spanish armies. In the public ordei ■’ llie day, published to the armies, lie wai d< t Isred hy the duke of It rlling'on ei traitni amt a fine I; ami ii he could have raogld bin Te had escaped) it is said he intended tr iang him. Vet this is the man who govern) 'pain, aed this is the mao who lias hsm in* role cause of the Florida treat , not \se tafified, lie it is vs ho persecutes Yrujo, win lias actually been carried bask to Arihi, when he will remain so long as the pre-r-ut muustei returns his authority, which l pi i . i will noi he ver- long—for nothing lieie ir durable, . : tnrofa. rn-Tm. RICHMOND BKlTsir I He following it from the pen ol t c«*rretp<>i<fttii. who limit fault nub Hit Report oil the V. S. lUuk and tha remark* of the National Intelligencer upon it. 4* tboie remark* have been published m tbi* paper, air citlaen has a right to tcau them. TO THE EOITOH OF THE ENQUIRER. SIR—The ground* which the National Intelligencer has always taken, whenever the United.Stales’ Bank was the subject ol discussion, cannot have escaped I tie attention ot the public. The active zeal with which it has advocated the interests ol that institution, deserves, in fact, a better cause. It the remarks of the luminous and profound Hampden, as well as those ot other iutelligent ami well informed writers, are denounced as mere declamation and invective,” I know not what appellation, the courteous editor might bestow upon any thing that I could *a> on the decisiono! the Supreme Court, or the Ohio controversy. These subjects are not now to Ire discussed ; they are only mentioned, that the doctrines of the Intelligencer, in respect to them, may Ire borne in mind, whilst we examine the ' ditor’s remarks of the lltli inst. on the late report ot the stockholders of the Bank' It i« stated by the public prints, that oueot the editors acted as secretary to the meeting of the stockholders, lie could not, therefore, Ire ignorant ot any thing which occurred, and musl have a knowledge ol all the facts submitted lo the meeting. The “ result” only is iimde public, and that loo, “ contrary to the usage of hanks.” \\ hat is the reason assigned for the publication ? “ Because " the institution is one in w inch not only 44 vt r>; many individuals (sav from three 44 br fixe thousand) are personally inter* t4 ested, but ill which the community is „ .deeply concerned, by the pervading ^mnuence whicli the transactions of that 44 institution must have on the trade and business of the wIimIp r< „ V'i,s *° the government also, which „ 18 no* at all represented in the general " meetings of the stockholders, (though „ it is sufficiently represented in the di “ *^,e ®atlk,) that the meant ,, thou/il be afforded to the representatives „ °* the people, of judging how far its f affairs had been administered with a view to the public interest. In such an in stitution, nothing should he con „ sealed ; and nothing has been withheld winch it was important to know. There (< are many particulars not disclosed, the publication of which might have grati “ tied Curiosity ; but the results of the “ investigation are fully and fairly before ‘ the public.” 1 must ask the reader to examine the above quotatiou again. He will find in tt an ingenious effort to convince (by as sertion) the stockholders, not present at the meeting, the people at large, and the representatives of the people, that they are all deeply interested in the transac tions of the hank ; that in an institution of such national importance and interest, NO 1 I1ING nIioiiUI be concealed, ,,M—and that every thing has been disclosed, which coni f affect the various interests concern ed, or was necessary to enable the gov ernment, (which iias power to correct abuses to a certain extent,) to judge how far Hie institution “ had been administered with a view to the public interest.” Here I must r. fer to the report itself, and ask every candid man, whether or not it deserves the gildi< g which the National Intelligencer has givi u it t To have answered the purposes designed by its publication, as above explained, ought it not to have contained a toll and impar tial expose ol the present situation ot the lunik ( Should it not have given " a 1 historical view of its operation;- ?” But we are told “ there are many particu lars not disclosed, the publication of which might have gratified curiosity I in>, indeed, is bid an apology which the ! telligeucer thinks necessary for the imperfections of the report—and ought to he placed among the many efforts of that paoer to def nd and justify Ihe Na tional Bank I he stockholders in Virginia, I am persuaded, are far from being satisfied with the report of tin- general committee. Ue are told by the Intelligencer, that 1 liev appear, carefully, to have avoided “ retrospection, even so -far as to give a his “ torical view of the operations of the t ,wn|v* i i«t*ir ohjrct seems to have been tt ll(,l 1° inflame jealousies or animosities, ‘‘ l».V making comparisons of the past anil t present administration of the afluirs of lit*' Hank ; hut to examine into its present “ eorrtition, to ascertain the amount of its | losses; to designate the apparent causes “ of them ; and to present their views of " the present prospects of the institution.” These and otlu-r subjects ought to have engaged their attention, and "Hie results ot lie investigation" ought to have been and fairly before the public," ami particularly since the public is so deeply inipre*». d in the subject. Anoiher apology is offered why the re port lias not “ more satisfactorily elnci dated” the manner in which the enormous loss-s at Baltimore have occurred, and we know- not but that there may he some foundation for it, other than flip kind and <ri. mlly disposition of the National Intel ligencer. 'I he committee tlicm*»'1\ps j*(f \gc ilu pub lie of the difficulty of ascer taining the amount of losses elsewhere— amt inake a conjectural estimate of it. Yet the Intelligencer says—" The other " lo e^ estimated at s 1,300,000, sus tamed at the parent Bank and its mi ni. rmis I ranches, are, we venture lo " assut, of less amount, than has been “ sustained during the same period, by any bank south of flu* Hudson, in pro portion 1 o its capital.” I presume the editor judges of "other banks south of the Hudson," by his knowledge of those in the District, in one ot winch, it is m t improbable he is a director. His remarks on lh* subject he cOKSt'l. rs required by ds great national impoi nee.True, ’Hs important, 'In* national ; erg*>, ilu National Intelligencer, with all its weighty influence, must come forward and express ile views. Would it had taken an impar tial Bland — exposed t•*»- ih feels of llie report, and the abtnc i the Hawk!.... *uch a course would h~. ve been laudable. Hut forsooth, it rnigli l*-ive influenced 'ome lo take sides agaiw l the Bank, in the great t|*i« ‘lions, growing out ot the dtcisioiis of tin* Supreme Court, and the cotiiroyer'y with the state «f Ohio. At a iriMa like tins, when tiic bank is ready t0 sink beneath the weight of its sins, an I (be displeasure of its own stncklnd er«, as well as of a large portion of the peo ple ; when the Iriends of slate tiicLs are increasing iu numbers and ImMutss, would it not be unkind ill the extreme, ii one who had abandoned the constitution al rights of the states, could im»i, on m> pressing an occasion, also forego the im partiality, due from a public journal to the community 1 v In short, the article under considera tion, is a high wrought eulogv on tin National Bapk, not founded on facts; but iu direct opposition to the candid opinions of nine tenths of the people in this union. I have not time to examine the other absurdities contained in the article, nor to enquire into the numerous advantages which are strung together b\ the Intelligencer, and alleged to have resulted from the Bank : For, such an enquiry would occupy more than ao hundred columns in your paper. I will, however, make a passing remark on one link in this chain of “ important heuclits to the community." We are told that M>t* National Bank '* has sustained llie for t/ banks by every means iu its power."— How has this been effected ? Look to Ohio and Kentucky. The local hanks ill those states have been deprived ot llie greater part of their specie, amt have closed their vaults. Let us come nearer home. The hanks of Virginia, perhaps the most aide in the Union, have received no sort of courts*? from the Bank of the United States. That poition of ilsstock subscribed in this state, and paid iu mo ney, was paid chiefly ill notes of the \ irgima Banks. • Th* government depo sits were transferred to the National Bank, and all public money, collected since f lie Bank commenced its operations, (more than half of which was state paper) was also deposited there. The facilities of remittance afforded by the U. States Bank, by which Virginia Bank notes were deposited and checks received in return, ought to be added to the other advantages enjoyed by the national, over the slate banks Under these peculiar cireumstaiiacs, the state banks fell large ly indebted to lire branch in this place, and were compelled to pay off their ba lances in specie. An order came, in the first instance from the parent bank, re quiring that the slate hanks should cither pay llietr balances or pay interest oil them. To tii is demand the state insti tutions replied, that they would not pay interest, and were ready to pay in specie —and the specie was taken from them, and forwarded to Philadelphia. The people of Virginia well know how oppres sive were the heavy curtails to which the slate batiks were driven by the policy of the United States Bank. So far as it respects Virginia, I assert without the fear of contradiction, that no manner of forbearance has been exercised towards the state banks. That on the contrary, the branch in this place, within twelve mouths, has owed to one of the state hanks, a larger sum than the amount of its specie, and that it has been frequently, and is at this time indebted to seine of • he state institutions. The mother board directed that weekly settlements should be made with our banks, and the balances due from them drawn immediately in specie. The course of the stale institu tions, on ill- contrary, has been more liberal ; although they have frequently had it in their power to retaliate,yet they have never done so. We are told that the local banks of Philadelphia have received from the pa rent bank $ 1,150,97*2 in specie, more than they have paid to it, and, what is still mor»* extraordinary, that tin y now owe to it S 2 502,058, ami it owes to them, S 94l,#*uO; the balance being S 1,581,058, for which it is entitled to draw specie.— This is forbearance indeed. One tenth of it exercised towards the state of Virginia, would have prevented the drain which our banks have experienced, and saved them the necessity of so heavy a pressure upon their customers. Yet, sir, we are gravely told that the National Bairk has sustained (he state hanks by every mr'.un in its power. This remark is certain!* applicable to the Philadelphia banks, if the report speaks the. truth—and proves, that I hey have been unjustly favoured, at the expence of other state institutions. Here, sir, I am almost templed to • liter in*o an explanation of the effects of such a system of favouritism, in giving to Phi ladelphia a controul over the interests, nay, the very destinies of other cities.— But 1 have already exceeded the limits 1 had prescribed to myself. TELL. TO THE EDITOR OF. THE ENQUIRER. Williamsburg, Va. \7th Nov. IHI9. Sir: The celebrated Mr. Lancaster, lifts for several day* been in this city On _I_ I. .J_»* *.J _ 1_._ It in which lie explained in a lull and per spicuous manner,his improvements in The plan of juvenile edu ation, and on yes terday lie gave an interesting lecture, in which he traced the rise and progress of knowledge, as connected with men and nations.—Tin* w ill explain the subset]m ut correspondence between the stu lent* of William and Mary College, and VI r. Fan caster, which you will please to insert in your paper. H'Jlium and Wary College, \7th Vie. ISIS. Esteemed Friend :—Having been appointed a committee for the purpose w« b g leave to tender, in the name of the students of this college, our respect, ful acknowledgments for (lie very polite invitation to your lecture. He assured we have derived much pleasure from at tending the developement of your deser vedly celebrated sytem of education, and your lucid lecture on the rise amt progress ot knowledge, and its importance in a national point of view. We believe that vice istlre associate of ignorance,and that the growth of virtue is always promoted b\ the dittu-ioii of the lights ot science. As friends then to the cause of iiu man happiness, we cannot withhold our small tribute of respect from one, wlm lias the consoling belief, that he has been instrumental in removing the film from the eyes ol thousands.—The rcflec linn, that such is the constitution of oui civil government, that learning and ino rallty are its peculiar and stable props, impressed more lorcibly on our minds sentiments of gratitude for your mento nous labors in facilitating the instruction of American youtb. Future ag* s will register jour name with those ol Howard and Franklin, in consideration that you are one of the lew, who deserve the pre eminent distinction of " amicus humani generis "—Carry with you our fsrveiil wishes for the more extensive success ol your philanthropic exertions, amt for yotn individual prosperity. JOHN N.STUATTON, i Commit t.KO. C. HHOMGOtJLE, \ tec. Mi J«»«yS LiUkcaMvr. WiUinmtburar, 1T/A l\ti> m.nitk, 1819. Lstkkmed I'Kfknds: \ our accepta ble letter oil behall of yourselves and (el low siiultNii* o| William and Mary Col lege,commands my at tell lion, and willoc copy licit place in my remembrance, j which the commanding voice of ntttnte uud justice assigns to gratitude and its assoc iat ions. Hut || is nut only your ei 'dil\ ami good wishes that I act epl and ' atnlik'lv tor niemher; I am g'ad that you I have thus aflnrtled me auuthcr opportu nity ol expressing my lerveiit solitili.de, that the hand ol the Most I bgh may be flour preservalton, and consscr.itu your assiduous exertions to all tin nil that knowledge that may be connected with jour own welfare, your country's dearest Intel ests, and the good ol mankind.— In deed so awlul is the degrading power of ignorance, that I would giadlv aid to rear a standard against its dominion, under winch the patriotism and energetic bene volence ol all that is noble and generous in the human heart id young men like you, might enlist or rally! For even while out ignorant man remains in a nation, or on the fact of the habitable earth, that one is a subtraction ml the energies, or perhaps the intellectual and inventive ta lent ot a unit, From the interests which kuowl-dge may yield to humanity : and lie alone who made the heart of man, who circumscribes and directs the motions of my riads of worlds, and whose breath has called to mental existence, ranks and im mortal destination, millions, countless millions ot rational beings—lie alone knows what place that unit might occupy, what importance if might give to tens ol thousands whose minds might remain blank—pow ers inert—oras cyphers stand ing tor nothing, without such lost and hid den tui out brought forth to give them place, importance, and direction. May it Ire y our end» uvor to realize l lie blessings you so justly appreciate lo all that need I them for the benefits id education ge- j nerally speaking, do not appear designed ; for the monopoly of a seel —ihe posses sion or self interest of a nation, l ot to act on the liu:-..in mind as the preceptor ot a world—training its inhabitant:- to take their proper rank in the scale of being—encreasing in light as they walk in, andk^ecome children of the perfect day—suitable to beings called to glory /fill! Ildllnr .I •.I 111 ‘ — To unite efforts, to promote designs, to banish ignorance from a nation—from the world—teth'ii theduly ofevery pa'riot, and every Christian as far as his means, in fluence, or opportunity, may contribute t«> this great end. — May fins freltug grow and ripen with your increasing acquisitions, with every revolving year wf your lives’ and may those lives he preserved to see »ll the children of your native land, with out a solitary exception, growing up as olive plants around their parents’ table, and peace and righteousness crown tin growth of w isdom and knowledge among you, and the youth ot your country, till all of ns meet in his presence, who is the source, centre, and perfection of light, and at whnaeright hand are the treasures ol wisdom and knowledge for ever more. I arewell! and may every Messing con sistent with the designs of infinite wisdom attend you, is the sincere wish of vour friend. JOSEPH LANCASTER, i o John N. Stratton, ) Commit Geo. C.Dromgoole, \ tee. [Communicated for the Enquirer.] At a meeting of the Agricultural Society of the Northern Neck, held at LancasterC<mrt honse.on Tuesday the IDtli otlOctober l»IO: I lie follow ini' otiicera wire appointed, to wit. EllysonCurrie president. Samuel Hlai k wj I,c* Pr**ide,,t' John L. Chinn secretary, and Griffin R<lw:tiil.« trramrei*. A committee ol Correspondence consisting ot the fojovviug members was appointed in wit ; Lily ami Currie, S.inmel Hlackwell.Grif fin Ldwards, 'I liomas Towles and Ralph Ed monds And also a committee ot accounts (o wit ; Joseph A. Carter, Patrick Spitler .V John L. Chum. An address was delivered by the president; wiicieupon 11 wan / nitnimou.sly licsu/rid, that the address, together with the proceedings of tins meeting, be transmitted by the secretary to the editor ot ilie Enquirer, ’ that the same may be published in his paper. Attest, JOHN L. CHINN, Sec’ry Ag. Soc. of the N. Neck. THE PRESIDENTS ADDRESS. I thank you, gentlemen, for the honor von have conferred on me. Yon may feel assured that my best endeavors shall lie used to dis charge faithfully and impartially the duties of the office to which you have appointed me. The objects for which we. have associated are ofthe utmost consequence: they are de tailed in the articles of our association, a copy of which each member has. They demand our best rejections to comprehend them aright, and our utmost zeal and energy to carry them into eject. We must not enter upon the work with lukewarmness and indifteience. Our best exertions ought to he used, and we may then with well-founded hope expect success «l,..nl,t ..... l.„ ... ..._J • snscitating the drooping spirit of agriculture, the blessings ol'our posterity will rest upon ns! We must not, however, at the outset, sorter ourselves to be uudrr any delusion. Things should be seen as they are.' It is the business ami always the practice of a good physician, to enquire most assiduously into the ’disease before he attempts to apply the remedy' We shall do nothing of any value nttles* we probe the wound to the bottom, and use. the actual cautery. If necessary. It is a fact, melancholy indeed but neverthe less undeniable, that the agriculture of the lower part of Virginia is in a most deplorable state ; and no where i* i! probably worse than with ns. Our ancestors found this country one im mense forest ; with them it was an nb.ect of primary importance to cut dow n and < l.- ir op If appeared to them that there could ha no danger that this could be carried too far. The land which they opened was exhausted |JV ||,r hardest cropping: when it was no longer c.i of producing, they tnrnad it out and cleared mote. This course persevered in must necessaiily terminate in flic utter impoverish ment of the soil. Add to this, that their agri cultural operations were carried on by the labor of slaves, directed bv the most incompe tent persons, generally speaking, under the name of overseers. Thus the proprietors of the land usually devoted themselves to their amusements, until habits of indolence and ex travagance, utterly unfriendly to improve ment, were too firmly rivetted on them easily te be shaken otf. It has ever been found that the energies of man rise in proportion to the difficulties of his situation, the truth ol this position may be exemplified by a comparison of the Eastern amt Western inhabitants of this state. When emigration commenced to the West, the man who settled beyond the mountains, tound his sole hope of m intenanre for himself and bis family to rest on extracting it from a hard, rocky, and often barren soil, lie tound it necessary to exert ever* nerve anil try every expedient!; lie toilrd|at first without ceasing and boarded with the most rigid ecottomv,until gradually bis exertions were crowned with success ; bis comforts increased ; industry and exeition grawinto habits ; and what at first he W/is compelled to as the means of existence, he voluntarily practised as the sure road to wealth. Not so with the old inhabitant near the we ters of the f’besapeak. Very little exertion, with the proceeds of his sports, procured him and his familv a sufficient support. The ground was easily cultivated ; tin- " tier almost spon taneously ftmii'ked the most Insurious articles of living ; and Ilia time w as spent in amuse menfs, very often in extiuvagauce aud Jiui palinii. I he consequences resultin' from these halt, its, so dt.imr it tcally opposite, formed, as might tic expected, an exact contrast It is well known dial the indolent, extravagant, liospi i.ihlc phN id Old Vii ginia lias pursued a coinse b\ winch Id- lands aie exhausted, and die w li tact- of the country, with an hncoiable exception here and there. wear* the aspect of ••>' •""* desolation; whilst die iuriiistiy and iCooomy practised in the inotnilain country, a!!md to the tiaveller the exhilarating prosper! < i flourishing fn lds, and comfortable, aud fre quently elegant mansions. I lu te must then he u radical change—old Irabil* uinsi lie rooted out ;(hospdality except, ejl which l hope will alwavs characterise the old dominion;) industry and economy must ln> substituted—and agricultural iufoiiualiuu aidently sought alter. U e cannot expect to cultivate onr lands with hini'li ptolit iu flieir present stale. Our hr.t efforts must therefore be applied to in crease their fertility. aud we must husband ■'ui up ans that tiny may be applied to that valuable end. Kudosing, deep ploughing where the land wM hear d. giecu ciops. attention to laismg manure iiieveiy pi aclicahle way, and the pro per application ot it, and a judicious rotation ol ciops,may all unite in ameliorating the soil One prominent error of our agriculture lias lici'ii the cultivation ol two large a proportion ot our lands. It is unquestionably right to cultivate well, ami to have some spare labour occasionally at least if not always engaged in improving. Hut this is not practicable iu the modi generally pnrsueil. The crops are usual ly spread over so large a surface that to manage the whole neatly and properly is more than the labouremployed outlie farm can effect and the effort results in slovenly management,’ and abstracting the whole laliout from that' p-rmaneiit iiiipioveiiient so essential to the in teie-ts ol the la inter ; to which may ha added the injury the land susiaius iu not bviug allow ed the time necessary tor it* resting I shall not enlarge further on this branch of the anh lt’<ii’ I* S*,J|** close ii with saving that it is w< I known to evei y cultivator,' that a spot of rich and well tended, w ill produce more than a . V °! I‘°°r land badly worked. To facilitate the operations of the farm the best implements of husbandry’should be’pro enred. They will always in the end he tound tin* most economical They cost more utliist. ‘ml (lien duiabihty and capacity to perfoim nunc ami better win k. w ill greatly overbalance any additional expellee. powerful inducements to exertion, llic Northern Neck was among the earliest •Mtlftl parts of Virginia, it has been the abode of us am) 0m ancestors lor neatly two Inin died years. 'I heie can bv no liuuiau'being with good and unadulterated feeling, who does not entertain a strong and indesrrihable at tachment to hi* iuili/i. ..i._ i . .1 lolrl our arms, sit supinely and Ret* tins cohii 11 > deserted. Many have already lelt it, more must I tom necessity leave it,' and it n»u>t m a merit measure he abandoned unless it is shewn ibat we may do well b. re. I think it is not dithcuit to prove that wiihindnstrv and Iiiuicioi.s management, a given capnulemi.lcy td m agnculiuie will probably produce L mmli protit here as any where. It will certainly pi ounce more comfoi I to ili«<e accustomed in the country. Our lands are easily cultivated, they make a grateful return for auv labour bestowed upon their improvement. \Vc have the choice ot markets for sut plus produce with little expence and the greatest facility. Our waters attord os a great variety of the finest lotd. It behoves us therefore to do our part, and it will he toiind that the fault has hecu in lii(‘ imIt»ii)ilavits, no! iii the country* We regret to see the Missouri question laketi up in llit* North, asit has been done at I teuton, at New York, and as it is proposed to do at Philadelphia and Bos Ion I lie meetings at Trenton and New i oriv are slated lo have been numerous and tespectahle ; and the resolutions to have been unanimously adopted. Thwy both deprecate the further extension ot slavery ; give their thanks lo those mem bers of the last Congress who opposed flie admission of slavery into the pro posed stale of Missouri and call upon Congress to prohibit its admission “ into any state or territory hereafter to be formed and admitted into the Union.”— Such proceedings can only be a source of regret and heart burning io the southern ami western slates. We are afraid, it will lead to discord between the free and slave-holding states.These meet ings would sacrifict the means to Ihe end. I liey Mould liavr Congress (o violate the solemn stipulations of a public treaty a»d assume a power not granted by the’ constitution : they would place the new slates West of the Mississippi, on a differ ent looting from the original states though the Louisiana treaty guarantees l.u ir admission on the same terms. We deprecate the agitation of this subject, always a delicate one in this country.— \\e deprecate in the strongest terms the excitement which it is calculated to pro duce. r The Colonization question isalso attract ttig some notice to the North, 't he agents of the society have made an address to the citizens of Philadelphia and New \ <>rk, in behalf, it is said, of a number of people of color, whs are desirous of joining the projected colony in Africa.” In reply to this address, “ a very nume rous meeting of the people of color,” at . imi i ne mm mst. entered their protest amt remonstrance, in the name ot the people ot color of the city ami county ot Philadelphia, against the proposed plan. They resolve that “how clamorous soever a few obscure and dis satisfied strangers amongst us may be in lavor ol being made presidents, gover nors, and principal men in Africa, there IS hot one sentiment among the respecta l>le inhabitants of color, in this city and county ; which is, that it meets their una nimous and decided disapprobation "— I hwy therefore resolve, “ to have neither lot nor portion in a plan which (they) conceive to he intended to perpetuate slavery in the United States." This too is also an interesting question. FROM HUNTSVILLE, A. OCT. iT. I be General Assembly ol Alabama are now in session. Yesterday, they met m the representative hall, and elected tv il "'u an<* Mr* John W H alker, Senators to represent ns in tin Congress of the United States. They are both polished ami well informed gentle' '"/'"•Km* is the same who accompanied Mr. Pinkney in his lafe Embassy to Hus sia. Walker is originally from Georgia and was educated at Princeton College." Tf1*’ Board of Principal Assessors o( Virginia assembled at the Capitol, or Monday, the 15th iu*d. agreeably to th< Executive proclamation,....The wlinb n u in her (viz. Ifj assessors) are present.— I lie board was regularly organized ; am Col, Nathaniel Cargill, of Sussex, ap pointed ( hairmati.— The hoard are iioa busily at work ; and will this day tak up the Assessment hooks of tliv 1st, o Eastern District.—We shall avail our selves of the opportunity of laying betor< the public the most interesting proceed mgs ot this important Hoard. The question of the money of the Macedn nimi form upon this : was the Philippine (’oin pany exonerated troni all risk bv the rash be Mig received nt Callao, and sent by the captai overland In Onermec ? If they were exnnerat ed, the mnn«>v was American property, an most in; tf'lmborseil It tint, wij must look t ti.i- Philippi*# Company for roinpemuiffoQ We cannot too much eomn'etid the discrr tiiiH with w bicli tlie National Intelligencer fiijoin* iis to umlcitfrunl “ all the rircunistanc **■ ’o| |Ii|m rase, before wean in it. We Coates* oar solicit Nile j« not a little heightened by tbe ciiciiinstanre suggested |>v tbe Intelligencer, that * the question relates to the Independent governments of the Wr*trtu Hemisphere.” Had I.nrd Cochrane taken caie beforehand to tr> tbe prise before he n«e«/it lie would have dune what is customary and light. For want ot a regular investigation, lie mav have fallen into a serious mistake. He didiiliulrd the Cush, without any trial at all. A v'rrrv.—The Stockholder* of the United States’ Hank report that the Philadelphia Hanks owe them S 1,581.058. The Cashici* ol thes. Hanks have united in a repott **f their own, and assert that those banks owe the. United States’Hank hat $ 11 081. Now ittlia Stockholders have made an trior in anilune tic ol S 1,5-19477 in this part of their Report, qmry.how mans errors are there in the uhute Report t COMMUNICATED. ^ OBITUARY. . Departed fliivliteou Friday morning the 12th insl. at I arm Hill Amelia county. Mis. Idle a Bi1'1 ii A chin Green, consort ot Mr. A. A. tiiren, in the 20th year ot liei age,alter a pain l"l iiiucvs of near three weeks, which she Imre wiili a Christian fortitude worthy of imitation. Inrecoiding the death of this excellent wo man, the author ot this communication feds at a loss lor words to express with sufficient foice her many amiable qualities; suffice it to say, that us a wife mother, daughter, friend and neighbor, she Was th« admiration of all w l.o knew her. Slur hns It'll an affectionate husband, and an infant daughter, together with a numerous circle ot liieinlsaud relatives to bemoan her loss ; but it should bra consolation to them to know, that she left this wot III with » firm be lief ol being received into the mansions of evr Hasting felicity,41 where the w icked cease from troubling, ami the wears are at rest.” Itepaitcd this life on the 10th of this month, at his residence in the counts of Hanover. Mr. William Gardner in the sixty-filth year of his age A man higlilv respected ami beloved. ” An honest inhii is the nol.lrji work of God.” Died in N. Ytnk.on Saturday evening. 13th inst. of a lingering illness, Mi. Hopkins Roiiertson,comedian, aged 3S years and tl inoiitbs. We can say of him “this was a man.” {AT. y. Nut. Adv. Staple* of the ffichmomt Ufarket. Tobacco S 5 to 9—Corn S 3 25 a 3 50— Flour, £5} a 5]—Meal 87 a 92—Wheat I0B a llo ct».—Hemp § 120 a MO per ton—Oats, 38 a 55 els. ii « —\>uiirr £o not; cts. pel lb.—Molasses 45 a 5U cts. per fallow | —F.itt Herrings j> la ailj per !il»i.—-Baron, 16 a 17 cts. per lb.—Utini, West India »5 a 100 cts. per gallou. PRICE OF STOCKS. Bank ol Virginia. 80 Farmers' Bank.80 IT.S.Bank.. „ «Hj Marine Stork.pur K?' Ml. William liijnvx, Ilectr.r for lliii otlicr, li visiting the comities of Hanover, King William, King and Queen, Middlesex, Essex, Richmond, Westmoreland, Lanrastri aud Notihuinl.riland, for Uie colleciitm of arrears our ibis Olhce. SATIN KTS, &e. J UST received and lor sale, 6 case* caseitneres, sail nets and cloths. tin hand,jar private rate— About 40 packages l)nY tlOOUS, consist in* ot Kend.-.l cottons—planes—superior ribbons— silk gloves —cotton hose—levamiaes- ttorences and satins—hum n Holland and Dlogheiiab —pelisse cloths of supciioi quality bom liar et is— blank ets— lineu cambrics— m ns I ms—laces of various kinds—India rot tons Ac. O’llS, DUNLOP c. CO. Auctioneers. November 23. gi rtoai Ml I I bit to Buckingham jail on ihe3ri ilist, it ' negro woman by the name oi I* AT I Y. She iuol eiahly black, 3 feet ti inches high aged nln ul 35 or 4u years ; sbe says she belongs lo a Mr Clarke, auu leu him in tlu-itrriield county, Va. The owner is leqncti ed lo lake hrr away, or she will he dca.l with as tbi law directs. JOHN Melt t.» NOI.U8. Jailor. November ‘23. 37.. | • li OAKItlNO. MAIIY Mosul EY'.gialetiil for tbel.hrral encourage mem w hich the hat received, rrspectiuliy infoirus htr friends and customers in <he country, that she is prrp.ired to accommodate 25 Manner* af the /.egtsla-& tare for the winter, in the same b*nje w hich she occu pied Iasi winter, ion E sires*, nearly opposite the Beil I a vein,) w here she hopes, from th< piepai aiions « bleb she has made, and liei constant rudeavoit to pic, $e all who may favor her with their cusioin, to merit and re. ceive a share of public patronage. November 22. 57. ,|f WASHINGTON TA\ KiT.V A BERNARD returns bis smceie thanks to Ins • fiieuds aud the public In general for the lib.-ml encouragement he has received in bis line ; and he takes this method of infoiuiing them that he fully ts pecls to continue to keep me Washington foi two years alter the present ; that he is prepared ivnhgood riuni to entertain twenty of the Mcniheia of the Assembly,on reasonable terms; and can at all times entertain t considerable number of transient customers on as good terms as any other person in bis line. He is provided with a good ostler, and always keeps his staliics ueli supplied with grain Ac. Richmond, Nov. 23. 57..4t W Major Allen Brrnakd, who was a .Soldier of the Revolution, aud many years a Kepie seulalivr in the House of Delegates of Virginia, and now occupant of Ibe Washington Tavern in the city of Richmond, offers his services to the .senate of Viigiui«, tu supply the office of sergeant at Aruis to that Hoiiorn. Bib Body.Nov. 23._ 87..4t Ol ICE.... 1 lie ACCOUNTS and Noi l S tine m individually; and also to the lale Arm ol Adams and Van Law, are placed in the hands of R a n j v vu Toupk ins and Chari.ks Wohtham for collection ; on whom those indebted will please call at my other, ami make payment, as farther indulgence cannot lie given. Nov. Id. 35,.Will _8AMUKI. tpAlki, Vntualde Land for Sale. IVH-f, he sold, on Wednesday ibe 1st December next, »▼ a tract of laud containing 120 acres, lying in Henrico county,on the Brook, about one mile below ton, Sr. Dr. Burton, Capiain Benjamin Sheppard, an<l othsrs. | here are about Bn acres of the above tract low grounds, which in point of leritlity are equal to any in the neighbourhood. Tins laud lies about tour miles from the city of Uichiiinnd, with an eleganl Site for building, contiguous to an excellent soring Persona disposed to purchase an excellent little farm in the neighborhood of Iticbinoiid, would do well to attend the sale, as the land will be certainly sold. 1 be sale will lake place on ihe land between twelve and one o'clock. 'I be terms of sale will be six, twe.ee and eighteen months credit, with bonds and approved security with a deed of trust to seem* the payment. JACOB SMITH, ,N,,V'9' , Ex'or nf Martin Smith, rite. In consequence of the superior court for the county of Henrico commencing on the 1st of December, the above sale will be postponed to the 15th of December, when it will positively take place. JACOB SMITH, Nov.S3._37..W4W*_KxVit of Marlin Smith. yyil.l. BK SOLD,on H'edncfday the 15t/t Orremhrr ... ' . Aal Coal Pits, the la e residence S.rri i Button, deceased, all the stuck of HOUSES CA r TLF., SHEEP mid HOftS, crop of CORN Hi I Hick’ FCRNHPRT ,,ON t,KNS"K' Bonsebold and kil.be..* I welve mouths credit will he given for all sums over 5‘20 -that linn and under, cash will he expected —the purchasers in all eases will he required lo give bond wlib approved security, to carry interest from lire date if not punctually paid. ty All persons having claims against Ihe said estate are required to present tbern without delay for settle* luenl; likewise those indebted will make payment a. Indulgence will not be given. R. Iil'l; l oyj, Adm’or of Daniel Burton, dic'd. November 13._ 57..Ids nPRl'!tr pursuance of the provisions of X a deed of trust dated the Blh day of April, ibio from Thomas R. Waggaman and wife, fd« ly reeorded according lo law) for certain purposes therein named, I shall proceed on Tuesday Ihe 7th 4uy nf December neul, between the boars of in A. M. and 12 I'. M. oi. the Premises, to sell for cash a certain lot of ground fronting fifty feet on the channel of lames river ad. . joining the properly of John I.eHer and others, and now In Ibe possession nf John Foster and Sun, and used by i..™ nv;:.: • UOUrM»J T"“". »V t lON will be presented lo the next rjenrraY AM'b'lAy, praying that a law may pass authorising . H»e inspectors of tobacco to break each hhd. four times, for Ibe purpose of more effectually de ■ lecnng and preventing false packing and lessening the censure and complaints too often made against them for passing bad lobacco-bnt to take samples from only two breaks, unless the owner consents to more...Also to raise the price for opening, coopering np and weigh* ing inspected tobacco, and fit Hie price for reviewing inspected Kbact*, and prevent all grumbling and com* i, plaints against ihe present very low charges.... And to . P*** * hv for the pnrpnsrof authori/mg the inspectors to sell tobacco, if ihe existing statutes do not give them 3 the right, and tods thelf commission fnr Ihe same, o November *3. 31,.3*