Richmond enquirer. [volume], January 19, 1830, Image 2

About Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867

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I in K » :' v>“ Ian. 1 1
In the Senate yesterday, 'H*- ptiurip.il nMbj«ct of dia
ft-aiou, **.«< the hill making an appropriation of lorly
tliviiMllil dollar*, ‘o' the extinguishment of the Indian
lltl*« to I uida within the State <»♦ Indiana. It was de
bated •• in roniinitte ot the Whole, and supported hy
Messis. 'V lute, 11 r inlrii i,, atnl ] ivlngaten. ami o| (His-d
hy Mr. Sprague. Mr. Kti|» ol Alabama m.iile *oine
cli civat on, upon the ,n|.j -oi, in 'h- C"iir*e •*! which,
lie declar'd hln.telf to he decidedly In laror tf the prill
ri|.l» rf 'lie bill, end «• spree ed hi* api>rnbalion ol the
utility ami iiupm hir.ra «i* mo meunre; i—• *—'..idaiiue
the appiopriation proposed to be ot greater magnitude
iti>n the occasion inigl t p-rhap- require, he moved an
amendment to ledtice the sum to twenty thousand dol
lar*. Thia being agreed to, Mr. •'IcKinh-f mot. d a
1'irilier ainen.liurti', prohibiting the giving of secret
presents or any o’her valuable conrdcraiion to the
Chief*or flead-tnaa; with a view to li.doenr* theirde
ri.ion m tiie making of » treaty. Thia amendment was
*l-«* agn ed t.i, a* in Coaiinitlee; luit on a report hi mg
made to the Senate after the amendment, proposed hv
Mr. Km* had been adopted, the question on the amend
ment ol Mr. McKinlev w.i* tlebatei' at length, and sup
ported hy Mean*. McKinley Fretinghuyaon.tmd Foot,
•»«d op|>o ed hy Mea-r». Hendricks, Nolde, Hayue.and
Benton, when the lull, together with the amendment,
wa< laid on the table, ami the Senate piocetdetl tothv
cunsitle. atioo of Executive business.
INDIAN TREATIES.
I lie following menage was received fiom (lie Pre»
i<l' til of lli<* United States, and referred lo (tie Coin*
miitre ol Way* and Means, and ordered to be |irinted.
'I'o the Senate ami House of
lieprepentativti of the U- States:
Washington, Jan. 14th, 1830.
I transmit to Cougre-s copies of three Indian Trea
ties, which have been duly ratified.
1. A Treaty with the nation ol Winnebago Indians,
concluded on the l*t of August, eighteen hundred and
t wen^y-ni: e. at Prairie du Chien, in the Territory of
Michigan, between U-n. John McNeil, Col. Pierre
Menard, and Caleb Atwater, Esq. Commissioner* *n
ihe pail of the Uni’od States, and certain Chiefs and
" arriors, on the pait ol the nation of Winnebago in
dl MIS.
2. A lieVy wiiji the United Nations of Chippewa,
titowa, enl Polawateinie Indians, concluded on the
2 * h ol Jnlv, eighteen hundred and tweniy-nine, at
i i -.e du Chien, herwe< u (,*en. John McNeil, Col,
•'•••• e Menard «ml Caleb A water, Esq. Commission
■ r »n 'he pari o( ihe United S'ales, and certain Chiefs
Wart tore ol iho said Uuited Nations ou the part of
I'd II ' O' s.
! \rticlea ef agreement between the United States
\merlra, Mil .lie hand of Delaware Indians, Upon
.■■a s»s liver, in the State ot Ohio, entered into on
e third of August, eighteen hundred and twenty
nn e, at Little Sandusky, in the State ol Ohio, by John
McKlvain, Commissioner on the partof the U. Stat-s,
and certain Chiefs, on the part of said baud of Delaware
Indians.
I transmit, also, tho estimates of appropriation neces
sary to carry them into effect.
ANDREW JACKSON.
In the House of Representatives, among other Re
sohit'ons, was or.c submitted hy Mr. HI nr, of South Ca
rolina, and which was read and ordered to be laid upon
the table, rei|iiiiing the Secretary ot War to furnish a
register exhibit tig a list of the names of all the Cadets
admitted into the Military Academy at We-t Point,
Irom Hs first e-t.ihlishuu lit until he present period; and
also Ihe number ol applicants rejected, and the S .ues
wh.nee they came; the numbers who have graduated
nnd received commissions; the number retired or dis
missed; the number whose lathers or guardians were
Membeii yf Congress, the extent or amount of the si
low.nice made to them; and whit portion of them [it
au\J were in indigent circumstance*. It also required
oilier information respecting those who hail been Ca
d'-ts, and who now hold commissions in the Army; and I
I k. wise concerning Ihe Professors and other officer* of
• he institution. A communication was received fiom
the Secretary of the Navy, staling that the appropria
tions for that Department of the public service lor tho
year 1S2‘», under the head of pal) A float, repair* of
vessels, fee. would not be sufficient to meet tlie public
exigencies in consequence cl stun* having been drawn
in an'fripation lio n die appropriation to meet other pur
p ecs, and particularizing among them the illegal pay
ment ot nine thousand dollars by Thomas Fillebrotvn,
Jr late S cretary ol the Navy Hospital Fund, to the
lion. I li'unn* Newton, for the purcha e ot about sixty
acres ol lard. 7
It concluded by submitting (o (he confideration of
'•' * whether a further appropi iation eboulil not
under 'he several heads,in order u enable the
Department to meet the engagements of (he service._
I’he ievolution tor (he distribution of (he public lands
among (lie several Stales of the Union was taken up
•m I di«eiis<«d. Mr. I’etti» of Missouri, resumed and
couehidcd his reinaik* upon the subjeci; but the hour
having by (hat period expired, the debate ceased, wnen
Mr. Spreighf, ol North Carolina, was proceeding (o
address the House. The Mill making appropriation for
tortdir.itions o( the United S'ates, lor the year 18:50,
was then considered in a committee ol the whole
H .u«e on the sure of the Union, Mr. Cainbreleng In
the Chair, and ‘o.'w.n'ded Mi rough the usual sages, af
ter which Mr. Burhartan, the chairman of the com
rail.a* an the judiciary, spoke upon the subject ol (he
proposed extension of the number of Judges of the Su
preme Court ol the United States, until an adjournment
look place. [U. H. Tel. z
Friday, Jan. 15, 1830.
The Senate did not sit to day.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
On motion, it was
Ordertd, That the Committee for the District of
Columbia, which was instructed on the 24th Decern
I cr ulr. to inquire in'o (he expediency of amending the
I tiv* relating to the Orphans’ Court of the District ol
Columbia, be discharged from further consideration ol
the subject.
Mr. Coulter, from the committee on Retrenchment,
reported a hill t0 aboli-h the Hoard of Navy Commis
sioners, anti to transfer its duties to the Secretary ol the
Navy, anil to regulate the office of Nival Constructor,
w huh bill was twice read and committed to the com
mitti-e at the Whole House on the state of the Union.
,.lr. S orr-, ftona the committee appointed on so
murh of the President's message as relates to taking the
filth census, reported, in pari, a bill to provide for taking
the fifth census or enumeration of the inhabitants ol the
United Slates; which bill was twice read androrntnit
t d to the committee of the Whole llouso on the state
ot the Union.
The Spoak-r prosented a memorial of the O-neral
Assembly of the State of Alabama, praying for a grant
oi Public Lind, to aid hi constructing a cmal to unite
the walersof Tennessee river with the waters of Coosa
river, which memorial was referred to the Committee
on Internal Improvement.
Mr. I.-wis moved a reconsideration of the vote of
yesterday, wMi rh referred to the committee on e.lainis a
toll received from the Senate for the relief of sundry
citizens i)f'he United S ates, who have lost property by
the depredations of certain Indian tribes. ||i» ..i.j-ct in
m k ng the motion w is, he said, to have the hill r«f«r
re to Mi-* Committee on Italian Affairs, which was (ho
aim pri.it" committee.
Mr Whittle.ey opposed toe motion, and contended
Mi- bid was properly referable to no other cotn
■' *e than the roinmiltMc of rUuns.
t’ l’"t,l« stall d, that this hill had been invariably
’ ’ tinr • these claims tirat came nn ler Mia ron*i
• , ii of Congrees, to the Committee en Indian Af
' hat h ■ s.w no reaam wliy it should he new
ill of i • odiniry rouise. His support of the
i .n to r -consider the vote of \est-rday did not, he
* • . si s - from any want rf confidence in the com*
im-i - ol claims, hut he thought that 0 « Committee
o i Indian Affairs was more capable of deciding on the
in rits of the hill, a* it dep *nde I solely on the con
siruciian ol our treaties with the Indians, end of the
laws which regulate onr intercourse with them, [t
s-pe Iteil that gentlemen had not confidence in the Com
mit-- on Indian Affairs, from the opposition they gave
to this reference. *
Mr. Hell, Hie Chairman of the Committee on Indian
AfT*ir«, >hen ro«e in obediencnln H call ma le noon
Mm by Mr. Pe'ti«, in the eoiir«e of hi* remark'', to ex
plain iv y he did not move a reference m the hill’ to the
Committee on Indian Affaire lleaaidhc way delira'r j
in an .ea'ing to die committee of which he wa» a mem
ber. the examination of any claim*. Me admitted it to
h- the ii<lit of any member to do eo, but delicacy in- !
«hiced him to remain eilenf. Ae the bill had ref-repep |
to onr relation* with the Indian Irib**, tie wa* ot opin.
ion lint n would be more appropriately referred to the
Committee on Indian Affaire.
Mr. I.ntnpk-n epoke in favor of re-ron«iderin£, al
though, ae a (t-nerat principle, he thoiiuht that hilly of
ih.y nature «a«<M to be rel rred to (he Committee on
Clrthn*.
/x.MrDT!f^aW,7’,,n rf,’,y ”10 ^ntleman from Mo.
fMr Pettierfili, it way not from any want of cor.fi
denre in the Committee on Indian Affair* that he on
pn « I the mo'|<m fo re-coimder, Mr he had a. much
con fnl» u e in lit at ( ommiltce ay he (Mr. p ) r0'.l.| have
not t.erauiK rii,-h 3 reterrnre Wa* a violation of the
ml** of the Houye, which, if if w*y not to be covern
e,| by, 0'i(ht to he repealed. Me meant to ca«t no re
flection* on any Committee. In reference to what tell
Irom Mr. Hell, <t« to M* f1i«ii»Hfnafi'»n in arrovtn? »o \) M
Com,!,.flee on In,Urn Affaire the examination of *ny
Claim*, Mr. W. reifiark»d that no yiich delicacy would
pr vent h'ftt from doing liie duty.
Mr. Hdi in cpt^,*,^,^ tm Intended no per
Si,, ,0 ,,ie irom Ohio, (Mr. Whit
Mr. W. proceeded. He arked why gentlemen were
so anxious lo have the bill referred lo another Com*
nalltee, an<l tod# prive the Committee of Claims of the
consideration of it? He thought that, while the rule*
of the House prevailed, a conformity to them should
he uuilorm, ami uo depailui e Irom them allowed in any
Mr. Petlir, in r#*t>ly lo the question put l.y Mr. W.,
Why gentlemen were »o anxious to deprive him, *•
Chairman ol the Committee ol Claim*,of thi* bill?said,
berau«e he appeared lo be so very anxinu* to got it.
Mr. I*, then proceeded to shew the propriety <>! reler
'•”< the bill to the Committee on Indian ACaii
Inalauced several parallel Cfcaes lr» ~
the IIoii«m.
-edlUid III
Mr. I><ttt4 wa* nifwt the re •consul* ratio® ol l!i»*
vot« ol yesterday. He read, from the rule* jl the
Ilouse, tho duties which ate assigned lo the Committee
ol Claim., am) lienee arc tied that the present bill foil
within the sphere ol tho*e duties.
Mr. Ilavnss, oil the contrary, argued, that the (In*
tie. of the I'oninnttee., mid of the I'oiniiiitlre of Claim,
in particular, depended on what wo “referred by the
House.” lie conten>lrd that this hill pioporly re
ferrahle to the Committee on Indian Alfliri, a. the va
lidity of the claim, depended ou the law. reflating our
iatercour.e with the Indian*.
Mr. Heed supported the view* of the Chairman of
the Committee oil Claim*. [Mr. Whittle.eyj and .aid
that it w as the usage ol all Chairmen to move a refer
ence to their respective committee* of all bill* which
seemed appropriate tothein. If grn*lemen went to the
foundation ol all claims, and referred the hills relating
tothein accordingly, there would he no longer any ne
cessity for the Committee on Claims. Mr It. said that
gentlemen who presented claim* to this House niani
lested a great anxiety to avoid the Committee on
Claims, because they observed more strict role, in de
ciding on claims than the other committee*.
The question on re-considering w*» then put and de
cided in the negative, without a count.
[ I'he above is a mere sketch of a debate which occil
pied the Hon«e an hour, but which it is unnecessary to
report more in detail ]
I he Engrossed Hills—Making appropriation, for cer
tain arrearages in the Naval service ol the U. Slates,
lor the year 1S2!».—Making appropriation, lor the pay
ment of Revolutionary and Invalid pensions_To conti
nue in force an act authorising certain soldiers, in the
late war, to surrender the bounty lands drawn hy them,
and to loca'c others in lieu thereof; and lor other t»ur
posrs;— r
Weic severally read the third time, snd passed.
On motion of Mr. McDuffie,
Ordered, That the use of the Hall of this Holes he
given to tho Columbian Institute tomorrow, the Kith
instant
On motion of Mr. Areher,
Ordered. That the u«e of the Hallo! this House hs
given to the American Colonization Society on the »
venirg of Monday next, tho 13th in.t; alter this House
shall have adjourned on th. t day.
1 lie House then adjourned until Monday next.
'Xi oioisr-i'i a*
The Negotiation with Afriglunrf.—Two or Hire*
day. since wn copied from the Portland Argo* a letter
on the subject ol the recovery of the W«*l India Uade,
written by some person at Washington. Tho writer!
it will ho recollected, .poke with the Utmost confidence
ol the pro-pert of regaining that trade, raeutioulrg as
his authority letters received at the seat of government
from England, who were iu a situation to form a cor
rect judgment of the matter. W« have, however, the
best reason. Dr believing that the language ol the let
ter in the Argus is much stronger than i* warranted by
the real stale of the case. '1 hat there exist*a prospect
ol recoveting the West India trade (or this country, we
believe to he true; but it is true al«o, that the difficul
ties in it* way are very great, and it ought not lobe
matter of disappointment should they eventually pie
vent the success of tho negorijtion.
rhe feeling which at the present moment prevails I
in England towards the United States, is not such as (o
lavor a frank discussion or an amicable settlement ol
difference between the two countries. The feeling ol
cordiality towards our nation, which was springing up
among the Hritislr people and statesmen, ha. not only
Seen checked hut turned into a principle < f ill-will and
bitterness. Whether just or not, the policy pursued by
our late administration has, as wo learn from a source
on which we place implicit reliance, been regarded a.
decidedly and purposely hostile to Great Britain, and as
having ils cause in a dc op-tcated enmity on the part ol
our nation.
Die circumstance Chat wu had elected for our Pre
Milent a man who had, while Secretary of state, pub*
llc!y denounced England in a fourth of July oration, the
ton* of this message and of the other (taper* ol his cabi
net, the cautious, distrustful and temporizing policy,
(or so they term it, of his negotiations, and finally the
adoption ot the late tariff, by tbe legislature of the na
,li'Ve created * settled prejudice against us, and an
entire conviction of our anunu.t.y .is triarn. un
the subject of the tariff, in particular, a great irritation
is manilested.— It is looked upon, in Gieat Britain, as
a measure which, whatever insy be its ultimate ellect,
was taken with a direct viewol injuring their interests',
and w hich put the seal ol (he national approbation upon
the hostile policy of the late cabinet. Thus, the old
feeling ol antipathy, to whirl) our revolution gave rise,
has. iu some measure, revived, and th-re is a general’
disposition to question the sincerity of any friendly pro
fessions on our part. The nation is disposed, by this
•tate of public opinion, to acquiesce in any ungracious
reception with which the ministry may meet our over
tures (or negotiation, without inquiring whether they
were likely to prove for tho advantage ol Britain or
otherwise.
The obstacles which such a state of things opposes te
a sincere and successful negociation are evident. It is
exceedingly fortunate, under those circumstances, that
Mr. M’Lafte ha* been appointed a minister at the court
of SI. James. Th« noble frankness and sincerity ol hi*
character, tho evidence of which is borne in his whole
deportment, his clear good sense, and his utter disdain o(
low cunning, inspire respect and attract confidence
wherever he appears. Only such a man could do any
thing to remove the suspicion and distrust which stand
in the way of a successful negotiation with England
We learn that lie has already made a highly favora
ablo impression in that country, and that lie has done
much o remove the prejudices against ns. We want
no better representative of our national character, wheth
er considered in a moral or intellectual point of view at
any court in the world,.than Mr. M’Lane. In the hands
ol almost any body else, the negotiation would most cer
tainly have failed. In his, if the prospect of success be
not so certain as wc could wish.it is not at least hooc
'«“• . . OV. Y Evt. l'n*t
An opinion seems to prevail at Washington that the
excitement which exist* there and elsewhere on the
subject of the tariff, will scarcely let the question
<d its revision sleep until another session, though, as we
have already mentioned, the result of any allempt’of that
sort is problematical. The report of tho Committee of
Ways and Means, recommending that it he continued
in its present shape, hut admitting that it had disappoint
ed many ol its friends, does not certainly shew a very
strong attachment to it, or a very implicit confidence in
!;••• future beneficial operation. Some ol the Virginia
members, tins ardent and unwearied oppnsers ol (he ta
riff, are yet to arrive „t Washington, to swell the rank*
of ifS enemies. Tho*e who hare excellent mean* of
judging. Inlotrn If, that if New England and her repre
sentanvrs, and (!.»•* of the other districts, whom pros
penty i* closely connected with that of commerrs
would be true to their own interests, or even if a portion
of these would b« .0, a wholesome and beneficial, though
modetate change of the system, it within (hair powsr
Wlut course tho New England representatives may
" ,y«. nowmver, it Mem*, • mailer of rpemlalion
am' ronj-clHie. The lar.fT, in it, preeent ,hape, |< „n.
pnpulur enough among (hrir ecna'ituent*, and a rtrong
• xpre.ition „f public opinion and f-cl ng. from ilia' nnar
ter, might produce an effect much to be dt aired, f //;
Our nogoclallon. with Great Hritain, rre are induc
ed to belie re. upon good authority, by no m*»n» mak.
that rapid pregic**, which had been anticipated by the
public from th* in'lmaiiona which have been thrown
out m convena ion and in 'he public print* What 'he 1
intelligence and ability of the late AdniiniHralion fa|t.
ed to rffect, could not reaionabiy be expected lobe
accompli.hed merely because the Adinlnialrailon of
Government had changed hand*. We learn, accord
ly.that though .Mr M'f,ano i* very reepeclhilly re- 1
ceived at the Court of London, and Lord Aberdeen'
lutent nilh great civility to wh.it lie ha* to .ay, there 1
'• v,,rV probehilify of the*« tivo dinfingiii.hed gen- j
tlrmen coining to a good undent .ndinr. I.ord Aberdeen j
will di'lihtlcai be •• commanded by If a M/ijeMy to ai. !
•lire Mr. M’L.nt that the b-at poeeihle feeling, are
entertain u| tow ard* the United Slate*,” and »o lor h, 1
and »o forth—hut no further lorth, or wc are miifalten’,
In fart, according lo the lato*t account*, a* far ai we
are inlorined, Mr. M’f.ane had made no prog re** to
ward, any arrangement concerning the Colonial Trade
up*n which the llriti«h (Government ie a* httle dir'
pored to yield lo hi* jiut repre.ientation*. a* it had been
previou.ly totho.eof Mr. Kurh, Mr. Gallatin, and
Mr. Barbour. [AW. /nl.
lb- Cf»grle«t«n < Hy Uazotle, an opMStffcM paper
•peak* thii« haiid*oine|y of the late Me»*age of Iheri
d< nt Jack*i|ri:
"The I'ri •i'lcnl't Mftngc reemr.with *nm« trifling
exrnpliena, to have giver, g.neral .alialactipn through
out the Union. We can on y add, to the word, of a high
ly learned and •♦teemed friend, that it ir * document to
•wear hy. The rtyle la clear, manly and graceful —
the manner, lliat of a gentleman and man of lui«lnei*.
I it i* true that we might find eomething to ohjeei to,
but tcally finding fault i* an occupation only grateful to
I the faulty.”
RAIL HOAD 6URVKY.
W* have tli* satisfaction to state, that the* Engin'tr
engaged t>y ili*> Common II.*11 ol this Town to suivry
the rout* lor a contemplated Hail KoaJ Irom Peter**
burg t" Hie Roanoke River, has *111*1*1] uprii that »«r*
vie*, mu! will atari 011 Iik firat rrconnoi*ance tlur morn
ing. [Prlri'fluri hit. Jnn 5.
W* learn, f om a p»'agraph in the Kruluckv R*-port
er, that Mr.Cl->y (lat*- Seere'ary of State) intend*'hi* |
wieter vinting hi* *J .uglitt r ami aons-in-law in New
Orleans.
The Stoamltou' Swiflaure arrived at W. Y. on Wednts*
d.tv mr-niug Iron* Albany withone hundred passenger*. I
“At the tiuie of her starting, the river vm completely I
frozen over for altout t forty mites below Albany, present-1
ing one entire licldol ice, varying in thickness Irom I 1-2
to a inches. The inhabitants on the hank ol the river -too*!
wrapped in complete astonishment as the boat passed
along, .cutting her way through the ire, a' the ia'*a ol
four miles an hour, as if there w ere not the slightest
impediment in the way,”
From th« .Nationui Vjuit'iH'.
'Vf have received additional advices from Mexico.—
The latest opinion otour correspondent* is—that Gene
ral Santa Ann* had entirely separated himself Ironi ihe
centralists or anti-lederalists, but intended to mediate
between them and the other party, it fee in a that the
troop* were reduced to the extremity ot begging bread:
—the State of Puebla had taken them under it* apeti.il
protection, anti engaged to minister to their necessities
a« l*r a* its trea«tny should prove adequate. The gar
rison of Vera Cruz sub-cubed to the declaration of the
army of reserve. An association h.i» been lormed in
the Mexican capital, entitled the Federal Institute, the
purpose ot whit h is — “lo tnske known the nature ol
the Kedetal System in all its branches, anti the social
virtue* in which public moiahty cou*i*ts.” To judge
from ihe contents of the Mexican new-papers, ami te
nor nf on r private information, I lie public mind was in
as strung a termeiit, and the peace ol the country as
precarious, as at any crisis since the establishment ol
the piescni constitution. All parties proclaim that there
has been egregious nial- idminiatra iou, but the remedies
indicated are quite doubtful.
W’e are indebted to a friend for a copy of a long ina^
milesto which General Santa Anna put loith on the
ISth tilt. He passes in teview and attempt* to refute
the charge* and suspicions ol personal ambition exist
mg against him. lie then mentions, that having seen
abundant cause to be alarmed for the safety of the Mexi
can Union, he had sept deputies to the Piesideutin the
capital, with counsels which had not been adopted;—
that he hid afterwards proposed to a select few of the
leading politicians the plan of a National Convention,
extra-constitutional, but destined to restore the consti
tution to real power and to rectify abuses; — that this
proposition too had tailed; and that lie had finally ac
cepted the general command of the Sla'e ol VeiaCruz
in order to maintain peace and support l’residunt Guei -
Hi* treats the Declaration of the Army of Reserve
at Jalapa a» a revolutionary proceeding, the real ob
ject of which lie knew lo be Ihe overihow ol Guer
rero or the Governmen'; and he disclaims any original
participation or counivunce on his part. The tuani
lesto is important as f.tr as it discloses, authentically,
the schemes of change which had been agitated, and
the perilous condition m which the government and
constitution remained. He observes, towards the
close, that the struggle wasjns' beginning, that tie
could not say -which party would be victorious, but
that it W"“bl Im hi.. ...sry for the cssnilnut-' «o pass
over his corpse beloru they could drive the illustrious
Guerreio Iroin the chair.
Mr. Poinsett expected to leave Mexico in the first
week ol (lie present month. The Mexican Sol con
tains some curious leitcm from General Bravo to Don
Carlos Hiistaiiiente,—a politician famous for having
made a mo ion in tt e Mexican Congress to «end Mr
Poinsett ont of 'lie country, upon the ground that the
expedition which landed at Tiuipico was composed ol
North Atncr cans, and that consequently all commu
nication with the United States should tie suspended.
Bravo, writing from New Yotk, tells bis congenial
Correspondent, that our republic never lias been and
never will lie Irtendly to Mexico; lh*t all our news- I
papers concur with our government in the design ol
filching or wresting Ttxus Iroin the Mexicans, and
that a committee had been employed to tamper with
him on ihe subject, but that he had repelled the in
iquitous design, in terms by no means acceptable to
In* visiters! lie uses every topic to prevent the ccs
FROM V KKA CRUZ.
Ry (he packet chip Virginia, which arrived] at
New York, on Wednesday troin Vera Cruz, whence
she sailed on the 21st ult. papers from that place have
been received to the 2l)'h inclusive. The operation ol
the decree, prohibiting the importation of certain kinds
of gomla Inm »n<t »lr»r the 22d November, had been
suspended to the 31st December. The military at
Campeachy continued to retain the government in their
hands, and had pioclaimed a consolidated or central
form of government. On the 21m ol November the
garrison and civil i flu-era ol fSf. Juan Bautista, the ca
pital of Tobacco, passed an act, in which they declar
ed themselves in favor of a Central Republic, accoid
ing to the example ol Catnpeachy. They acknow
ledge the auihuiity ol the President, Guerrero, so far
as it do. s not interfere wi‘h their new system. The
Congress, the state government, and all authorities in
opposition to their system, are pronounced null and void.
Gen. Santa Anna arrived at Vera Cruz on the 17th ult.
lie i- spoken ofas being in leeblc health. President Guer
rero has resigned tin- powers extraordinary granted him
by the congress on account of the Spanish invasion. The
national congress convened, in extraordinary session, at
the call of the executive,on the 11th December. In
the message of the President, he announces the relin
quishment of the extraordinary powers with* which lie
had been invested. 11c comments in forcible terms on
tho necessary evils of every motion which lias a tenden
cy to revolution, and exhorts the soldiers not to attempt
to dictate laws to the sovereign nation or to deceive
themselves with false hopes of bettering their condition.
A civil war, he says, will ruin the nation, and reduce to
nothing the resources now negotiating for the relief of
the necessities of the military
Among the passengers in the Virginia, are Col. Jose
Marie lorncll, Minister Plenipotentiary irom Mexiro
to the government of the United States, and Col. Mejia,
Secretary of Legation, with their families.. Mr. Poin
sett, expected in this vessel,has not arrived. Juan Fer
nandes of the Mexican army, died on hoard the Vir
ginia on the 20th ultimo. The slopp of war Falmouth,
was at the island of Sacriftcios, and was to sail shortly,
destination unknown. It is probable that she may
he ordered heme, and that Mr. Poinsett will return in
her. I'hc Virginia has on hoard $140,000 in specie,
and a quantity of plate, chochincal, &c.
I^IFTY DOLLARS REWARD—I will give the
. above reward for apprehending and delivering to
tne (if taken out of the Slate of Virginia.) a negro man
by the name of MARTIN, about thirty years old,
five feat eight or ten inrhes high, spare made, with a
good countenance, bright complexion, wear* a watch,
and can read and write tolerably well: he may have
obtained free paper*, and attempt to get out of (ho
State. All masters of vessels and others, are forewarn
ed from carrying said slave off under the penally of the
law—or I will give fifteen dollars if taken in the .State,
and secured in anv Jail so that I get him again, or
twenty dollars if delivered to me in New Kent county.
The said slave is a preacher, a tolerable shoe-maker, a
rough cooper, a cook and hou«e servant—ha* lived sev
eral years in the City of Richmond—has a wife at
Carnes in New Kent, and was raised t.y Mr. R,-chard
H. Meattx of the said county.
Jan. 19. 7— 2t—w2w* FLEMING T. CRUMP
tM ICE--In pursuance to an nnlri oi in* roun y
i « ('aiirt of Chesterfield, will be sold for r*«h, io p,,y
jail ter«, at Cheetetfield ronrl hotis*, on (he second
Monday in February next, (that being court day,) a
n«*gro man who called himself Robert Kmford, and »aH
he wm free when committed to jail, and afterward*
•aid hi* name wa* William, and that he belong'd to a
trader by the name ol Smith, but since ray* ha is a free
man, and that he was raided in the county of Accornac
and HIM name i« Robert Nedal. J. U. GOODE,
Ian I9 «7-i»3> Iwllof,
jfL I RECARO I will give Ih
fJp I ward lor tbe apprehen ion, and delivery
tome ol my man, WII.MAM S\,\||»soN, who ran of
from Shirley last April. William is rather a lall and
stout, tawny-coloured nego, about 21 years old, wi h
Iblck lips and tolerably white teeth; be stil ler* a little
when he speaks; hid on when he ran oil plantation
clo'hes—but no doubt has changed them before ibis.
Illl,l. CARTER.
Shirley, Charles City Co. Jan If). S7 -w4m
A •*' THU OoVKRMOB or CM R CoM MOW W RA I.TH
AP or Vi HOI* I A.—1 PHQCLAMATIO.Y.—
Whereas it hi* been repress tiled to the Eaecutivo by
H e superintend >nt of Quarantine, enclosing the opinion
of Doct, McCaw, relative to the .tale of the sihooiier
Armada, heretofore declared under Qua'aftth e on ac
, count of being Infected with th« Sioall-po*, that it !
| still prevails; I have thought proper w ith the advice of {
the Council of Sla’e, and in pursuance of Ihr Act ol
Assembly, to derlar.i the »sid schooner Armada, tinder
(Quarantine fer the further tcim of twenty day* from
the 20th instant.
(liven under my hand a* f» ivr rnor and un*
(Sr.ai,] der the seal of the Commonwealth at
Richmond, this l-'th day of January,
H3». WM R C.II.E9,
87—w Iw
i Jan. ID.
•:)' 1 11 i
! l ; \ l i • ;
1 ■ ' - -? —— *•••*' •
niciiMo.vn. Turns dav, jInuary 551
MAI TK#S A.Yl) THINGS I.X GH/fRRAL.
W* have been so much occupied «ji|, the Proceed
II K1 of Hi* Virginia Convention hr the la-t three
m mh*, ttii*I wo have loufnl little s/iaer or time fur other
• object*, t ongress ha* been in *e»*ion toe »ix week*_
Documents have poured upon them from the Kxecntiv,
I>«*(,artineTit«B; projets are liatch*ng in th* bo«om of Co*
gre**, which are calcu'at-d to excite th* deep at tentiou.
it nut alarm, ot every rell'rting man—ami concerted
effort* »io making tiy associated individuals ami excited
Meetings to operate on the council* of the country, to
arrest the running of the Malison Sunday, and to para
li/e the legitimate jurisdiction of the sljtes over the
Indian lubes.—We h ive been anxious to notice these
ami other topics. Hut our engagement* must plead our
apology* W liilat the storm of Debate was raging in
die Convention, and srenes were in agitation which
came so nearly home “ to our business and our
bosom*, we weie nt able to make the excursion* we
de*ired, or to present the Views which forced them
*€ivos ti|)oi) our intinl**, of our inort* % *neral rouctfi'Dt.
Hut (he ( on vent ion is at last dissolved, and the work
nl their hands is submitted to the People. \Ve sei/.e
tni* first moment, therefore, to return to the political
theatre of the nation. W u have much lee way to make
up; many documents to publish; (the Report of the Se
cretary^ (he 1 reasury and the memorable letter of
Amos Kendall on the abuses of expenditure still sleep
upon our table)—We have some Congressional Debates
to publish—{Debate*! but Heaven save the mark ! we
Icar our reader* are already satiated with long speech
es)—and we have commentaries on various subjects,
which are afloat be lore the public min I, which must he
spoken in the free spirit of a free peopl-.
XXe shall discharge these various claims upon us as
rspidly as possible.—We shall publish Mr. Ingham’s
Kepoit on Thursday, and other article*, as fast a* wo
cjii—.Meanwhile, the reader will permit us to use onr
pen, in laying before him a few gen-ral remark*.
We may not he able to furnish him with any of the “good
thing*, which the Camden Journal is courteous e
nough to expect trun u*; tor really if the gentleman
of tss'e who conducts that Journal it not content with
the Speeches of our Convention, he will find but a
miserable substitute in the hasty elfusions of our pen.
The Public ha* seen die fir*f Mes«age of a new Pre
sident. It deserves all the praise* which the venerable
John I.eland ha* given to it. Mr. Leland, a minister
of ihe Baptist Church from the town ul Cheshire in
Massachusetts, whose eloquent inspiration* from the
Pulpit we well remember and then admired more than
30 year* ago ; as lunch celebrated for his sterling re
publican principle* a* lor Ins efficiency in the Ministry I
ot hi* Church ; and who penned the celebrated letter
to Mr. Jefferson, which accompanied the Mammoth
cheese, has once more Iff In* retirement, to address
through the columns of the Washington Telegraph, s let
ter to “Col. R. M. Johnson, on the Message of die Pre
sident, and transportation of the Mail.” We shall
viiblish this paper immediately. He resists the alarm
ing atd what lie consider* unconstitutional attempt
tos'opt the tra»<p Italian of the mad on S ioJay—hut
ihe I’resuliMil - rvi •:««« commands Isis ivarni^t r,,|0.
piuin: •* His friend-, win* feared lie would lie deli
dent in the cabinet, have their tears turned into admi I
ration; and I is enemies, whe have vilified him, must
stop their mouths, and own that it is a Message of wise
measures and necessary business. The Document re
ininds ns of tile ancient sages who had knowledge o'
the times and knew what l«rael ought to do.”
This Message shows in, that Andrew Jack«nn i
anxious to sati«ly the liopes of his republican supporters,
and to Iniiig hack the government to the sound prinr -
p!e* ot Jefferson’* Administration. He assorts Ihe rights
ot the Stat-s. lie deprerates all encroachment* or the
Federal Government. In all cases of doubt, h- is wil
ling to practise upon ihe maxim ot Gaorgn Clinton;
ami instead of assuming the power,*t once fo appeal to the
States for explanation ol their own instrument. Like Jef
ferson, he goes in upon the wave or another civil Revo
It11ion, k. ii willing to do the woi k which the people hava
committed to hi« hands. Me expre-s-s hit detrrmms
tion to aid the cause ot Reform; to introduce economy
into the public expenditures; to retrench all extrava
gtnce,' ami to purge olf all abuses. More specifically,
j he refers the system ol “ Internal Improvements’* to
the parties to the Constitution, and recommends a judi
' cions modification ot the Tardf system. The President
has so far discharged hi* duties ; and the next que-tion
is. are the representatives of the People doing theirs.—
Are the friends of Reform el-ewhcr* .rrcoi.ding his al
lot Is ? Or is not 111** old leaven at work, and are not
men, forget'ing the “knowledge of the ancient” time-,
trying, to accomplish ‘‘what Israel ought (not) to do” ?
It would he premature to judge absolutely of all the
future movements of Congress by the f-w specimens
the crude conceptions or the magnificent project*,
which six weeks have brought forth. We ought not
to judge hastily of the spirit of our Representatives, by
'ho speeches which thi-or that man has made, the few
R-ports which this or that Committee lias produced.or
by the more or la-s indifference,which has been shewn
by a few men, on the few questions which have been
b ought before them. We still hope for better things.
We still hope, that a new Congre s, under a n-w Ad
ministration. will second the spirit of that Administr a
tion, anil that their acts Will prove4hem worthy of tak
ing a part in this new*political drama.—Hut. -re there
not some circumstances, which are calculated to dash
our hopes a little? Some thin ’s done, which ought
not to he done—or rather not done, but proposed to he
done—*ome measures in embryo, which shew tint
the spint of federal usurpation is as dai ing a id as restless
We say very little of the retrenchment* which may
be expected from Congress. Tin Cemnitfee* have, of
course, inanv acheines belore them,which we may hear
of in tine sea«nn.—Tire only hill, that we recollect to
have seen tinder discussion for this pnrpo*e, is the hill
respecting the mile gc ot Mein her*, which was received
with a iion-rh.il.tncn, not to s.iy con’empt, which au
gured very little lor its success—which was very much
modified, b-fore it lelt the H. ol It. — and which
yet sleep, upon the table of the S-nate.—Sanguine
hope*, however, are entertained, that ti e Committees
will do their duty, and that Congress will do theirs.
Hut, looking to things of greater con»equ*nee than a
mileage hill, what are we to tliii.k of Mr. Mallaiy’s Re
port from the Committee of Manufactures on the Tariff?
We are indebted to our Correspondent “Henry,” for
breaking ground on a subject which we intended to
touch at the earliest opportunity.— rite Committee on
Manufacture* coolly tell us, that “it is inexpedient, at
the present time, to make any change in the existing
law* intended lor the aid ard protection of domestic in
dustry”—that the tariff of H23“is now the law of the
laud—(hat the faith and Acnsr ol the government are
pledged for its rigid execution”—(hat it is true, “that
nceial important inleretla in whose favor it was in
tended to operate, have derived fttil little benefit”_it
i« (rue that "at the time ol its passage, great (ear* were
en'ertamed a* to the efficiency of some of Its provisions,
which from some cause have been realized”—but they
come to this notable conclusion, that nothing ought to
be done in the pretni*os; that "an effort on the part of
■ friends to make any alteration, however trilling in
it-eif, would probably lead to a general discussion; that
although this would be attended with no real danger,
yet it would be followed by a new agitation of the
whole country; former fear* might he increased, and
new alarm created for the safety of th* system”_but
the Committee aro not content with doing nothing; no
fliii g}ia <o he attempted for the relaxation of the sy*«
tern, hut w hat I* done in to be (or lightening it* provi*.
ion*—they tell u* “the alleged evasion* of our revenue
and protecting law* require an immediate anil thorough
Investigation”—and ii'hen thin in ilone, (why, they
kindly assure n«) “it is probable all may be *a'i lied that
higher protecting iliitim should not hr required”—.At
to loiv- r oner, that *eem* to he entirely out of the ques
tion —And thus coldly are the complain'* of lire vvhol
Soulhern country, and the ren ona'ranc * of the mer
ehant* a> d plantar* in *o many quarters, 'o be dismissed
by <h* Committee on Manufacture*. Tn* President’*
recotntnendaiions of a mo I ti‘ation of tb» 7’at IT are 'o
be of no account. The Legislature* of Virginia, of 8
Carolina and (Jeorgia, are to be civilly dismissed with a
pomf out descant upon the validity of a law, and the faith
and honor of the Oovernmrsi!. A •yst*-ui which is at
war with the spirit of the age itself, an I especially with
the whole genius of onr fie • an I growing country, and
all the restriction* of a limited C n*'ifi|fion, i« t<, be fas
tened for ever round our neck*, and w* are tn find con
•olat'oo in the hope, || a- f„r (he present we are no1
to bv fleeced—any more bar. we have been.—Hut we
are even doubtful, whether wo are to be tel alone thus
lar. F ir, Mr. N lo< * last Register remark* up n Ilia
Report, that "llv tiie growers and manufacturer* of
wool, It lia< not perhaps, li-en approved', and by those
opposed m (be protecting system, U is resisted a* going
tn establish Ibat'syslem- and so, Indeed, it rnu-t, if *
doped l.y the M uim of Representative* for aellon on
the important subject to which It relat-s. We are noi
content that the woollen hu-ine** should remain in it* pre.
*enr depressed slate A vast capital has been stir It, a id
t« In jeopardy, hr cause r t tl e unwi*e provisit n* in the
la*' law, a« to Wpol and woollen*, anti the effects are rot
confined only to person* interested In these. The low
price ol onr improved woo!* has operated powerfully a*
.••lO.-t lli* inict'U of grain-growers, in Maryland,
Pennsylvania, New York, flic. Hut if the one dollar
minimum were out of the law, they would leel an iu
•Unt improvement in thrlr bu*ine*«.'' Whether we
'l^ve reached, therefore, to the maximum oi the TarilT,
>r we Millet do away with ihe one dollar minimum, we
pan have no a**uranco—)>ut in oueopiuion of Mr Nile*,
we are almost lorced to acquiesce, v:g: the taiitf sys
teiu must [.e considered established, it this Report of
the Committee on M <nuf «clures he “adopted bv ihs
House of Kepr-seota'ive* f>*r acliou on the important
subject to which it relates."
And what arc wo to think of the magnificent schemes,
which are on loot, for enlarging the jurisdiction of the
kudcral Government over education and Internal Im
provement’ Some gentlemen seem to take it for grant*
ed that the whole question is settled. For instance: wo
have iti the last Haltimore Chronicle, a pretty little spe
cimen i»r the ease, with which these thing* can be done,
as Tristram Shandy would say, “slap dash.”—Hear
him !—“ In the proceedings of Congress for Wednes
day last, we observe the report of two hills granting do
nations ol lands to two Colleges, the one situate in Ohio
ami the other in Kentucky: and, indued, this kind of le
gislative beneficence has become, of late, of so frequent
occurrence as almost to cease to elicit inquiry. For
ourselves we are always pleased at those grants, because
we believe that every endowment of an academy or col
lege, tends to advance the sum of national prosperity,
no matter where it may he located. But w hilst we are
unreserved in this declaration, we must be permitted to
observe, that we think Maryland will not be true to her
self and to her own institutions, if she does not prefer
her claims lor a portion of the public domains. We
have many literary institutions, the pecuniary resources
ol which require aid; we are just entering upon a *ys
Hm of public schools, to extend the blessings of educa
tion to the door of every man in the state, and as its re
sources are not sufficient, without a resort to taxation, to
meet the consequent expenditures, we deem it especial
ly proper that active ami decided means should he taken
to procure for us our share of the public lands, or such
part ol them, s* will enable us to place our several Col
lege* and Schools on a healthy fo iling. It i* not our
intention to trgue the question ol right at this time,
becau«e we rounder that so well settled by the
nature ol the confederacy, and to have been so of
ten recognised, in various shape* hv legislative enact
ment*, nt to render any attempt at illustration a
work of superreogationAnd thus we go! what
is practice to-day, becomes precedent to-morrow._
—If Maryland may pref»r her claim*, why, Virginia
may do the *ame; and so on to the cn I of th « chapter —
Nut only Collages should have aid; hut the whole
“ system of public schools,'* avs, and “ the literary in
stitutions” of all the state*; and it becomes “ a work of
supererogation” to show how large a power you convey
to the federal government,overeducation in all its form*,
and over all literary in dilution*, and over all the art*
and sciences,whether “ornamental or profound” a* Mr
Adams styles thorn.—But it is f.tr from our wish
to change the majority of Congress with such extra
vagant design*. I here are some signs indeed in that
holy, which ought to arouse the attention, if not
startle the fears ol the People.
For example; Mr, Hemphill's bill, from the Commit
tee on luternal Improvements. f*r what the National
Intelligencer calls the "<rrc<if JVorih and South Road ’•
We mean, of rourse.the Bill “To construct a JVhtional
Hoad from 1luffalo9in the State of -Ww York; passing
hi/ Ihe sent ol the General Government in the District
ot Columbia, to New Orleans, in the State of Louisi
ana!"— How much this Mammoth Road is to co-t;
how many millions of acres ot the “ public domains”
it i* to ah*orh; how many political prejudices it
is to conciliate, and how many lures it is to hold out to
tli« large States through which it i* to run, for abandon
ing the sovereignty of their soil and the integrity of
their principles to the Federal Government, we'will
not undertake to enquire—but it is one of the Signs of
the 'l'iinis which ought to put every man, who is not a
Latitudinarian in hi* politics, upon the alert.—We shall
touch this matter hereafter.
Ami then what Mhall wc say to Mr. ITnut's grnn<!
*H'c»ne for ‘'appropriating the nett annual proceeds of
the sale of the Public Lands among the several States
and Territories, for the purposes of education and Inter
nal Improvements, in proportion to the representation of
each in the House of Representatives?”—We do not
find fault with his rule for apportionment—it is fair
enough—hut with the purpose which it assumes._
It is substantially devoting the nett annual proceeds
of the sales of millions, and tens of millions, and
hundredsof millionsof aeresof tho public lands! We shall
touch this question hereafter—and surely it inav lie al
lowed to a I irginian to enquire somewhat into the dis
bursement. For, though we may not he disposed to say,
with Mr. Pettis,* that it each Statu be reimbursed iu
lands in proportion to the quantity granted by each, the
State of Virginia, would be entitled to much the great
est share,’’—yet Virginia may be permitted to know
whether tlirs* lands are disposed of in the best manner
—whether both the Constitution permits, and expedien
cy recommends such an appropriation. Upon both these
points, Mr. Hunt’s proposition sooins liable to the most
1 serious objections.
1 brae public LiHds are beginning lo-prescnt so-ne
o' "»e most serious questions, which have ever, been
•gitate 1 in o.ir public counsel* They are •ought I >r
by various S'ate«, and for several purposes. The scene
i* again acted over, of scrambling, as it w-re, lor Em
pires. Our lands would lie extensive enough to carve
out a dozen of some of the European States._There
seems to hr no end of the plsns for appropriating them.
I be following article from the Millrdgeville Recorder,
ol the 21 inst., shows some of the schemes which have
been set on foot for this purpose :
•'111 looking over the recent proceedings of Congress,
the attention ol the most rareles.* observer must lie
arrested by the numerous applications for portions of
the public land*. A member Irom Ohio lias offered a
reso'u'ion lor relinquishing to bis Sta'e ih» public
binds within it—but ibis was judiciously amended by
ihe change of a single word, substituting selling for
sehiiquisning. Another resolution proposed giving to
Louisiana all ihe lands within her hounds which wore
overflowed or sterile—this jrjft might |)(, considered,
in some parts of the country, worth th$ asking hv •«
rich a State as Loniiana—but whether these overflow
eil afi(l nterilr. land’* he vilud^M or the rpver«**. (he ap
plication was promptly rej-ced. Next come* Indiana;
not however p-tit oiling ler the relinquishment of Ihe
United Stales’ title, n< r for the gift ol ovrrfl need amt
sterile land, but boldly asserting hkr riuht to the
public lands within her limits. This is a proud little
Slate. She tines not mince matters, but "goes the
whole hog” as they say in Kentucky Alabama, more
modest, but scarcely more reasonable, by a memorial
of h r LegislatAre. a*k* a grant of am. tbe unsold
lands within her limits, tor purposes of fn'ei nal Im
provement and Education! “Hone of our bone, ami
flesh of our flesh” as Alabama is, we entertain for her
ami her people none but tbe most kindly feelings. But
can she de*ire to appropriate all tliia to her individual
use? Would it be generous or lair toward* her older
and not more wealthy sifteis?
“We had been taught to consider th * public domain
as constituting the great common stock fund of (he Uni
on—as held for th» equal b»netit of all the States, old
as well a» new. Tbe liberality, or rather the prodian.
litq, wiib which this public properly lias been given
away by entire Towndnps} within a few year* pa«t,
probably encourag-H the belief, that Congress do not
rare bow soon th-y get rid of it; and this has set the
States in which these lands lie, (o b-gging for
them. If they are to b» given atcay, Ohio, Louisia
na, Alabama and oilier Stales in which they are
situated, have certainly a* good a right to a«k for and to
e-t them, as any corporation or public institution
can
“The indication* arp becoming: too numerous and
phin to allow u s longer to conceal from ourselves the
unpleasant Irnth, that (ha lima if approaching and per
haps near at hand, when the public land*, which have
been looko I lo a« a perennial source of revenue to the
Government, will heroine the came of jealousy, if not
a hone of contention, between I he old and nrtr Sia'ea.
Where (lie Governu ent lands have been all ojfrred for
•ale (as is probably the ease in Ohio) it may he sound
policy to reduce the pi ice lo individuals below ihe pre
fern minimum, and alter a certain time, to sell or give
to the stales in whirh they lie, Ihx relu«e lauds tha'
rnnnot he sold at a half or a quarter of a dollar an arre.
Something of this kind was proposed by Mr. H-n'ortof
the Senate several years ago—if adop ed, it would gra
dually reduce the number of (he states which corn
plain of (he public lands as a burthen and incumbrance
io them.”
To lhes» claims and schemes, is now to he added
(h* if solution of Mr. Hunt, for pledging Ihe annual
nett pioceed- to Cdura'ion and Internal linprov men_
before the public debt lias been discharged—before the
power of appropriating them to either ol these objects,
has been conveyed by lh> parties to the Constitution—
and before it ha« been settled, whether there he not
0 her objects of egpendimre, es*»ntinl to the we'fare
of the nation, and over which, no shale of cons'itti'ion*
al dotlbt Pan povibly rest. —Are we living in the land
of Common Sense; or in Swift's lairy Island of schem
ers and projectors?
•Debate in tlm H. ot It,, Uer.2'1.
'Jt’On areas passed ail art** few yeir« ago giving In Hie Deaf and
1 •limb Asylum of Kentucky two Townships of the pohlle land.
The land wn taken in Florida, as it would there sell for the host
price, ImiI the Ag.-.it of thn Asylum not P uling in that Territory
• wo entire Townships of first rate land, wu permitted hy the then
Kerrelnry of Ihe Treasury, Mr. Rush, to locale III* quantity cm
tamed intwo Townships f-IB, OHO acres) in smart pi reels in several
rownsbip*, so Hint the donation, instead of amounting In fihrmt
*.VI,non as was intended, ia supposed to Ire wnrth fivo tunes that
sum, or $iV»,non:>>
ft Hid that the Bank of the United M'a'es haa audio
rl/.ed a tfonation of $1 »hii to he applied lo the cnns'rtic
tion of a ,M c Ada mixed road to be made between Lex
ington and Frenkloit !
yon the EjYquirrb
the tariff.
The Report of the Committee of Manufacture* in
Congress, on the subject ot the Tariff, ought not to he
permitted to pan* unnoticed, either by Co»gre»*,or the
public preni It it lull ol l.il<e doctrine anil assuinp'ion.
The modification of the Tariff, was reromnieudvd
even by Mr. John (j. .hlams, on the ground ol it» un
erjual operation. The public sentiment seems to have
settled down into the opinion, that mu'erial changer
ought to be made in it—And Preri'.nt J .ck«on called
the attention ot Congress to the subject. Mindlulof '
the relation in which he s'ood to the I• piesori'.itive* ol
the peop e, hi* remarks were guarded and respectful.
The t 0'ietitii'ion make* it hi* doty to bring to the con.
sidrration ol Congress mrli subject*, a«, in hi* opinion,
call for legists ion. He is clothed with Ihe power of
rejecting their act*. Although this power does not
amount to an absolute veto, in all cases,—yet, quoad
the Tariff, it is literally *o—because the necessary ma*
joriiy cannot be obtained to pass any hill on that sub
ject, alter being rrjertrd by him. In obedience to a
•*uiy lie owed <he naiio .—a duly, imposed upon him
aa well by the Con«iiiution as ihe wishes ol a majority
ot the people, the President, in his late message, invjt
► d “ ihe attention of Congress to ilie existing Tariff—
bellying ttiai some of its provisions tequire moditira
tion. I he liberal remarks w Inch precede and ioff-.w
ibis recommendation, have been represei t-* i by unc«n>
•'id, pirtixati wiiters, as bypoiritical and equivocal.—
No inan in the nation is more opposed to the Tariff than
am; yet I cannot perceive, either in the language or
•pint ol the Message, any ground for such strictures.
Me expresses a strong preference lor Jrce I rude, and
regrets, that “ the ..plicated restrictions which now
etnbairas* n,e intercourse of nat'ona, could not, by com*
mon consent, be abolished, and commerce be allowed
to ll >w in lho*e channels, to w hich individual enter
prize, always its surest guide,—might direct it. But,
we must ever expect selfish legislation, iu other na
tions—and ai o, therefore, compelled to adapt our own
to Ihcir regulations, hi the manner best calculated to
avoid serious injury, ami to harmonise the conflicting
interests of our agriculture, our commerce, and our
niauuiactures.” lie designates “ a fair competition’*
with the manufactures ol other countries, as the point
beyond which legislation ought not to go, except " in
regard to those articles, which .ire of primary necessi
ty in time ol war. ’ 1 he delicacy of this operation
is properly alluded lo. He rrgatds the agricultural
interests of our country, as “ superior in importance”
to all others. He even goes further, and declares—“ If
is principally as inanulaclures and commerce tend to
inci ease the value ol agricultural productions, and to
extend their application to the wants and comlorls of
society, that they deserve the fostering rate of govern
ment.” I he extent ol that festering cars, or the par
titular “modification” tequired in the Tariff, is nat
poiu ed out by (he President. It was not hia duty to
do tin.—and especially aa he is known to bold a positive
trio upon tbe Legislature, as to ibis matter.
Hut. by the Report of the Committee, it seems, that
they differ in opinion from the President. Rut, let ua
look int> tins brief and delusive Report. It begins :
“ I lie I aritl id ISi't, was pi-sed alter an arduous ity
vds igation ot its different provisions. Congress en-.
deavored to employ its protecting power in favor of
tbo-e interests, in all parts of the Union, which reqair
•-d its aid. They Svere numeious, and each had its
claims to the a'tention of government. Every great
section of Ihe country was devo'ed to some particular
employ men's, m which others were not engaged. To
do ju-tire to all, arid injury to none, was a delicate
and difficult undertaking.” 1 he Cornu itiee might have
gone on and said, that, under these circumstances, a
com hi n at ion ol those interests was entered into—each
resolving to give to the others, all they wanted, en
condition, that they would extend the same boon to it.
Menc.e, (he I.tulM/tw is not (he retult ol a cotnpro—
niist oj conflicting interest*—Ii is, on the contrary, the
result ol a combination ol separate, distinct, and distitti
dar in erest—a combination, which wantonly, and
Irom motives of cupidity, sacrificed and trampled un
der loot, the superior and paiamount interests ol agri
culture and commerce. Ii “ delicacy and difficulty”
oxis'ed in tl e adopting ot (Ida act ol» oppression, lh«^
grew out of the over-reaching avarice and boldness of
some ol the lu erasts in coinliinaliou. None of them
seem to have regarded the quantum of burden thrown
upon n-rictil'uie and commerce—and it is to the r/i»
tiniilai ity of the interests in the Union, that we are in
debted lor our escape from an art ol absolute prohibi
timi ' Like bigots of several religious denominations,
their jealousy protects us Irom an established church;
wliilsi it doc< not shield us front “ fanaticism and cant.”
tie c«iiunon hard may he imposed upon and plunder*
e-l, il there be no jostling in the ranks of the maraud
ing phalanx.— Hut, ihe Committee pioreed : “ After
full deliberation, Congress (the combination) finally
established Hie amount ol protection, which should be
afforded to ihe various interests concerned. The Ta
riff of 1828 was, therefore, adopted, as Ihe best mea
stt.e. under all circumstances, that could be devised to
accomplish Ihe desired object. 1( is now the/<iu> of
the land. The fault and honor of the government are
jiltMlgeH for it# rigiil execution.’*
During the reign of tenor, a protection was sought,,
nut very different in principle from that of manufacture*.
I he high Dignitaries of the Covernm.-nt, were declar
ed to he worthy of all protection. It is (rue, it wa* not
determined to he high treason “ to imagine" their
lv“rl,‘iu!r;'i “ c- 'r1,0 '{/ ,hr Wrt* cuminon
y « ailed the Siihtion jlct, imposing severe penalties
on hose who should utter any thing disrespectful of
their High Mightinesses. This was a “ law of the
land —and the Servants of the people—| I,eg pardon —
1 ought to say,—(he Dignitaries thus shielded am] pro
tected, had .< much right to say. that •• the faith and
honor of the government were pledged lor its rigid ex
ec.iuon —as (lie Spinners and Weavers have now to
say so, in regard to the Tariff-LrtlO.
Is il not alarming to see ro inany, and such bold,
al.erratmns |ro,„ ,|,e good old principles ol republican
in f ,e| r °, resleJ riKht—™n of usage,
>r half a life lime, threatens to shut out the lights oC
the improving ag -in which we live. We „|Mn :n
•leed, soon find on,selves estopped and barracadoed on
every Bide—have our hands tied-and find that we can
n->t move a peg in -lie improvement ol our system — in
removing any grievance, however oppressive_And Ihe
more is the danger, since lh -re are so many law-labora
tortes it. the U State*. We have.side. Congress.
twetiiy-fonr others,-I say nothing about ,he many
Conventions that assemble out of abundant caution, to
pro eet tlie dear rigtits of man, and to eipiipoisn (iovern- <
m itts. and todra w their iniicrevous teeth —I might ask
Mr. Mallary (the Chairman) if he ever knew a law
pass-d vvluch did not either confer some new tight or
secure some old one? Are the faith and honor of eve.
ry govermii.-ni •* pint gel for the rigid execution,” of
a l laws ttm.y pass? II -SO, the doctrine of vested'
*.K, • has, already, occupied the whole ground of le
gislation in most ol the old sla'e., at lea-t. Some indi
viduals hive either a present or |.rospeclive ri»hl in •
very law on the datute hook. And, according to (he
modern doctrine, (hey cannot be divested of it—or, ac
cording to the Committee of Congress on manufactures,
the faith and honor ot the government are pledged
tor its rigid execution ” The faith and honor of the na
tion were, therefore, violated in the repeal of the alien k
■edtioH laws—in the repeal of any other la w, varying, it*
the least, the relation* *ol men to each other—the
relation of men to things—or even varying the re
la 'ion ol things to each other. The inviolability of a
general law, because it confers rights or advaniages on
individual* or classes ol individuals, is « new doctrine,
indeed. 11 the tariff law cannot he even modified now— !
iv c.hi il lie ! ! \\ ||**n, in (lie nam* of common
*<-nse, can it over he r-pealxd ! • Do we live in an
ege of imposition and soidii-try, or in one of folly and
iiief*—when there if no candour—no principle—no
ttulli — i*r> justice—no morality amongpublic or private
liken? W r have been long enough hammered upon the
anvil of selfish demagogues—We are now to be screw*
•'I "P in "*« vireol griping avarire—A majority of
< -ongress hive, for some year*, proclaimed themselves »
omnipotent like the Parliament of Old England—They
rlaini power to do all thing* which, in their wisdom, the j
general welfare may require—The Constitution ie a (
mere paper ol organization. Nothing more! And now \
we have (lie novel doctrine pre«ed upon it#, in the im
posing ehapeofa Report, that their laws are inviolable
even tiy their omnipotent reive*.
Hut. i« it possible that sophistical a*«umption* lik#
(ncffl riin li* couotfnaured |»y men o! nen<'>! All ^
vernment* inu*t act for the common good — Individual*
or even aeclion.il internals, most yield to the cotntnafb
good—(lovernments ought to comply with their f"**
tracts w;-li individual* -but their law* are not contract
—unices obrio'i lv made eo in term* —and in eueh cell
e*. they are iiii<*nained when they are called loitl. I
" e h v* been forcibly struck with the adroimeea ml
this Committee on manufacture*—Aware, a* they arA
that (here i* mm* danger of a di*«olution of the fo/nby
nation, by which thelaritfof 1328 wa«—I mint
e*ciieed for the w ard—imposed upon the nation, thi
advert, (with an ingenuity that might be more useful
a just cause,) to the eoa'itinn of interests which pas*®
Hie law—to1' the full deliherat'on which finally Pie J
1?
li h-d the amount ofprotec'ion winch should be nfTofi
e I to the various interest* concerned"—They *|>esk ef
th» nr.*r measure that could he devised, un dm
it a*
all Mie 0ireiini«tane«e”—hut, “ bt fit te, that several i#
p > tant interests, in whose favor it was intended (marft
i t'i- woiil!) to operate, have derived but little henrfil.
I Others, both numerous ami valuable have been, </#■
cidrdty, promoted.” Jm.
Thu-, then, the majority of the combin'd infcrgg
jli iv- been, mo*t “deride llv, promoted” rite mtOw^™
I era lelt ti inter. ttia» III- majority, Hgree.il.ly to j
original “ in Ini litm.” Will not fijffeke item —and
in the end, they shall be made whole. The
fence, however, i* rather « quivocal. Rut, the
he understood by lhoe« for whom it is intended*
1