THE ENQUIRER.
Richmond, (Virginia) Published by Ritchie & Worsley, opposite the? >osl-Oi5ce....At four pollar3 per annum, / 'ivalL in advance.
Number 2.]
SATURDAY MORN LUC, MAT 12, 1804.
[Volume 1
TERMS OF
THE ENQUIRER.
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S P E E C H,
ONTHF. ANNIVERSARY OF Ms. JEF
FERSON’S ELECTION, DELIVER
ED 0N THE FIFTH OF MARCH.
[CONCLUDED ]
The most superficial attention
to the internal structure and ex
ternal situation of society, in the
United States, must convince
every impartial mind of the im
practicability cf reviving in this
C^ntcv unv Kv^toro of o'.horehv,
or permanent oppression, in
stead of being pent within a nar
row territory, and environed by
populous, opulent and martial
states, our people are thinly scat
tered over an immense and fruit
ful soil. The ignorant, defence
less and resourceless savages,
that wander over the extensive
regions,oeyona our irontier, noici
.their possessions and their very.
existence on the tenure of our
will; they may be displaced, ex
terminated or civilized .as our
ambition, our exigencies, or our
philanthropy shall dictate ; those
abominable monopolies that pre
vent the acquisition, violate the
security, and pervert the employ
ment of property, talent and lei
sure are here abolished. The
cheapness, fertility and abun
' dance of land; the intelligence,
spirit and independence of our
people, combine to render their
revival impracticable. A pro
posal to rebuild the tower of Ba
bel would not. he more chimeri
cal, than an attempt to revive in
America a system of political,
territorial, or commercial mono
poly. The progressive subdivi
sion of property by succession,
alienation and marriage ; the fa
cility of acquiring landed proper
ty, and the complcnt security h
freedom annexed to the posses
sion and employment of every
sort of property, necessarily cre
ate, support ami diffuse a great
degree of personal independence.
The extensive exercise and in.
assailable security of the elective
franchise, the safeguard of every
social right, and the only exist
ing foundation of rational and
practical liberty, give a value and
lustre to personal independence,
produce a deference for the ge
neral will, and an habitual rcs
]>ecton the part of every indivi
dual for the rights of every other.
In almost every other country, a
vast majority of the inhabitants
are robbed directly or indirectly
of personal liberty : directly as
in Poland, Hungary and Russia,
where like brines or inanimate
matter they are attached to the
soil, or indirectly, as in commer
cial and manufacturing coun
tries, where they draw their sub
sistence from the production and
sale of useless and pernicious
luxuries, whose price is continu
ally varying, according to the ar
bitrary will, capricious fancy and
fluctuating fashions of voluptua
ries, monopolists and despots,
and where the scanty, unwhole
some and precarious off Is, by
which they support their lives,
can onl\' be obtained by adopt
ing pursuits that menace their
bodies with premature decrepi
tude, their decrepitude w ith hope
less destitution, and their desti
tution w ith the melancholy pros
pect of seeing their misery re
newed and aggravated in the
lives of their children. In almost
every other country, even in such
as are least scourged by oppres
sion, land, the grand material of
industry and source of subsist
ence, is engrossed by a small
mjmber of individuals, who ex
act from the cultivator a rent that
dooms him to insuperable in
digence, and abject ignorance.
Even in those countries where
an incensed multitude make a
revolution, subvert oppressive
governments, and abolish iniqui
tous laws, libert3r, property, and
UKU If
time more precarious than ever,
from the ambition, revenge and
avarice of infuriated factions.
“ Criminals usurp the place of
Judges and become .the oracles
of those laws on which the}' have
trampled. Men ruined by ex
travagance and debauchery, in
sult by an overbearing pomp
those whom they have deprived
of their patrimony. The passi
ons suddenly unshackled from
all the restraints which law, jus
tice and reason impose, reign tri
umphant. Avarice seeks to grow
rich without trouble, vengeance'
to gratify its resentment without
fear, licentiousness to throw off
every restraint, and discontent to
subvert the whole order of tiling's.
rrom the phrenyy ojf carnage,
they pass to the phrenzy of de
bauchery.. The sacred bed of
innocence and the nuptial couch
are polluted by blood, murder &.
brutal violation. • JThe fury of the
multitude amuses itself \\ ith de
s troy mg every thing it cannot en
joy, and thus in a few moments
perish the .monuments of many
centuries. If lassitude or acci
dent should suspend these c;tla
mitics, the habit of wickedness,
murder and contempt of laws,
which necessarily subsists after
so many stprms, is a leaven ever
re;uly to ferment. Ambitious
generals without command, li
centious soldiers without pay,
a people fond of novelty, from
the hope of bettering their con
dition : this situation of things,
these means of confusion, ai m
the hundred hands .of faction with
the firebrands of discord, g.c pave
the way for the re. establishment
of despotism.” The American
people enjoy an inestimable im
munity from the abuses of hoary
and inveterate oppression, fee the
horrors of revolutionary retalia
tion. In addition to those car
climil blessings, >vc behold “ in
the full tide of successful expe
riment,” a government organ jz
ecl and administered according
to the general will of tin; people.
We behoid the administration of
government confided by the suf
Iragcs of a sovereign eeople, to
men whose talents, sc vices and
virtues entitle them to thyjr ex
alted stations; to men 4' > i: t unite
to the most extensive e p vr-i -
in public aHairs, that profound
ness of research, acdt.ney of in
formation, and impart: dity of de
cision, which are the offspring of
talents cultivated by liberal edu
cation, and leisure devoted to
study and reflection, and that pu
rity of sentiment and refinement
of manners, which constitute the
surest indication, the fairest or
nament, and the firmest safeguard
of pure and incorruptible virtue.
In other countries and former a
ges, it has been the fate of geni
us to bloqm “ unseen” in the
shade of obscurity, and “ waste
its sweetness on the desert air.”
It was reserved fur the American
people to abolish the absurd u
surpuiions of birth, wealth,
chance, imposture and force, and
enable superior talents to occu
py that space in public estimati
on, and thar rank in political in
stitutions whore genius cap in
dulge a genuine enthusiasm, and
cxpanueci ana x'om
mantling energy. The n; t {’in
stances under which the persons
who now administer cur govern
ment were called to occupy their
•iXiUtfd simian^ .itflonl rut Ldditi
onal security, that they will not
abuse the sacred trust which has
be.cn reposed in them. They act
under the eye of a people recent
ly emancipated from oppression,
and roused from the supineness
into which they had been betray
ed, by a still more recent attempt
to organize an oligarchy on the
ruins of republicanism. Under
the eye of a people enlightened
by the discussions and warned Vy
the evils which that attempt pro
duced, they are bound by every
obligation which self-love, patri
otism or justice can impose, to
preserve unimpaired the liberties
and to promote by every eJVortin
their power, the happiness of
the nation, which has so empha
tically manifested its affiance in
their virtue, &. veneration for the ir
talents. Rut the acts of the pre
sent administration constitute its
best panegyric. The unparallel
ed success of its measures, \\ hich
even its enemies are compelled
to acknowledge, cannot fail tc
seal the quivering lip and palsied
tongue of calumny in eternal si
lence.
Are we not tree r Art* we noi
at peace ? Is not concord restor
ed to our counsels, and tranquili
ty to our families? Are not the
discontents and tumults, that em
broiled not only our cities but e
ven every rural district and,ever\
humble Jhainlet, assuaged ? 1
not the standing army disllanded’:
Are not “its swords converter
into plough-shares, its spears in
to pruning-hooks ?” Is nc.t tin
sedition act indignantly repealed
and the l’ress declared to be fret
as the air we breathe and “ inco
ercible as the faculties of th<
mind ?” Arc not the violatcc
rights of die alien restored, ant
the arms of our country afFccti
onately extended to receive tlv
victims of oppression and lh
, —.‘s=——
persecuted votaries of free
dom from every quarter of the
world ? Is not personal liberty
protected, and industry liberated
from every unnecessary burthen?
Is not every department of the fe
deral government, exeev* the ju
dicial, that last citadel of explod
ed privilege and expiring aristo
cracy, enriched by the purest vir
tue and adorned by the brightest
ttdenln which our country can
furnish^ Does the sun in his di
urnal oourse behold a nation .so
free, prosperous, respectable and
happy ? To crown ail—is not
Louisiana ours ? Is not the na
vigation of the boundless waters
of the Mississippi secured to u s
through all succeeding time ?—
Have not our western brethren
obtained it, without shedding a
drop of blood, experiencing even
a momentary struggle or bur
then, without even the ordinary
procrastination & difficulties that
accompany diplomatic negotiati
ons, hav e they not obtained what
alone was wanting to secure their
prosperity, ready access to even
foreign market, and an easy em
pire over'whatever e m contribute
to their eh ilization and impr -ce
ment, in exchange for the rich
ujuuuuls ui {.ucir maustrv .—is
not another section of the New
World, of unlimited extent and
inexhaustible: fertility, redeemed
from the wandering savage and
the destroying despot, and added,
to the empire of a sovereign and
enlightened ]>eople ’?
*• Hftik. a glad voice its lonely deserts c'leegi,
“ Prepare the way*’ fo >r LiLtorty appears ;
Glad iicclaiaatiQUiayw.^ ,
The *i\7sc St savage lu;.i appv04.cn nig- j.ir-criy.
And is there an American who
can contemplate this auspicious
situation of our affairs, this pure
and virtuous administration of
our government the envy, won
der and delight of every foreign
nation, without feeling Ins heart
swell with gratitude, veneration
and affection towards the dispen
sers of these unexampled bles
sings ? -Is there an “American
in heart and sentiment” who
docs not wish that Jefferson may
continue at the helm of that go
vernment which lie so gloriously
guides, until, “ full of years and
full of ho- our” iwniclst the tc.trs
( of an afflicted people, ti • • shades
| of death shall hide him V an eui
view, until he shall go to the land
! where Columbirj, and PraulJhi
! and Priestley have gone P
B T AUTHORITY.
[LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.]
AN ACT
Mai big an appropriation for earning into
effect tlx ‘itb article of the treaty ofamity,
commerce and navigation, between the U
nited States and hi. Britannic majesty.
7 ) it enacted hy the Senate and House oj
.1 ) Reprefentalives of the United States oj
meric a y in Congnfs afscmbled, That afuiri
not exceeding bin ^»oufand dollars, to he
paid out of any monies in the treafury not
otherwife appropriated* be, and the fame
hereby is, appropriated for the purpofe ol
parrying intoeficctthc levcnth article of the
treaty, concluded at London, on the nine
teenthday of November, feventccn hundred
>’ and ninety-four, between the United State.
of Amerka and his Britannic majesty,
i. See. ,y. rind hr it father enacted, Thai
the accounting oilier rs of the treafury be, &
they are hereby, authorifed, to allow art in
tereft not exceeding the rate of lix per cen
tum pr,r annum, on one third part of the a
i mount of any award made in purfuanee o
■ the afore faid article, and prefented at th<
i.tafury, previous to the palling of this atf
to be calculated from the time when fuel
award fliall have been prefented.
1 NATHu. MACON,
I Speaker of the House of Rep refi ntuhve.
JOHN BROWN,
Prefident of the Senate pro temp. re.
. November Ifi, 1803.
’1 A ‘PKOVKD,
yn : JEFIERSON,
AN ACT
To repeal the atl, entitulcdy u art a3 to alien
a drawback j duties 4n gratis exported Ij
A’ \j-OrUaJis, and therein to ct.n.iJ it
u3, intituled, *• An /<» lejidnte th-1
cctt.-hiou of dull s c.. n.i}.or;s u t! ton
nage."
K M ft cut. tied Ly the and Ho ufe ok
Representatives of the Vailed Stales of Ame
rica in Cocgrefj atflmbkd, Tuat the art ms
led on the filch day cf April, one thouf.ud
eight hundred, injihihtd, -'An act to allow
a drawback < f duties on goods escorted • .>
Nov Orleans, and therein iond the a t,
intituled, “ An act to n; .* V , •'
on of duties on imports n:»d ‘•oouage," Be,
and the fame hereby is repeals i.
NATIIl. ALkvJON,
Speaker of the Houfrof Reprr/enta lives.
JOHN BROW V,
Preffient of li e ,'senate, pro tempore,
November ysth, lsco.
Approved*
TH: JEFFERSON.
A N A C T
To rtteal an aH enlitid .!, “ An r.F. to rffet
b[/h an uniform fyflc.n of bankruptcy
throughout the United S.at. jJ*
RU.it emitted Ly the Senate and ftov/r cf
Rtprcfentalh.cs of the United Stt. es
America in Con refs ajfcmbled, That t*. act
of Congrefs pa bed on the fourth day of A
piil 1800, entitub d “Aft^tft toeftnbli/hau
uniform fyftem of Ra ihruptcy through >ut
the United States,” ill."il be and the f-.n.o i*
hereby icpealed : Provided neverthehfs9
that the repeal of the laid art thall in n»
wife affect the execution cf any commiffioa
of bankruptcy which may have been ilin
ed prior. t>. the paOing of this art, but eve
ry iuch con million may and thall hep ex
ceeded on nod fully executed aa though,
tr.is art had not patted.
N.VTIIu MACON,
Speaker of tie lloufe of Rtf itfer.t a lives,
A. BURR,
Vice P resident of the United Stales, an l
P'reftden: cf the Senate.
December 19, lecj.
Approved,
TIT: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT,
r?r the relief ofj.b); C Its.
"OE u et'acltd bj t.\- Sit rle and tlo-'fg of
* y ReurcftHtativcs of the United States of
-J.rrtT’'c.. "... f'otiej-f'A ujf i/ihiid Th.it
proper accounting o.’i.ctri hq uniat* and .
juft thee aim of John Col;, owner of the
fhip Grand Turk, heretofore employed in
the fervice of the TJrtited ft..let, tor the u„
; tit ir, by di
rection I the Aiiicrico:: luiof tha' port,
from the tenth day of May to the no’di
clay of July, one -ihoufand eight hundred
ami one, inelufive ; and that lie be allowed
demurrage at the rate A ip: dated in the clou -
fev party, together with the intereft there
on.
NATHi.. M ACON,
Speaker of tbs llouji oj Ji. prefentatiws,
A. BURR,
Vice hefidtn! *' the UnitedStates, and
PreJ,, r.t qf \Le Senate.
Janurjyi4, iso-l.
Arp roved,
TH : JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
tor the relief ofl\ii/J GaAni.
E it cna^et! by the Senrte a "i! Hotifr of
Ri^n/ent.t lives oftie Unite.I Stuffs of
A merit a iv Gjngrfs ufftmll:d, 'J hat Cure
be paid to Paul Coulon, as jiifent f >r the
t aplors of the fliip Bitty C«»th -art, and I rii;
Aaron, prized to the French piiatcer Jbi
Bcllonti, out of any monit i- • •. tr af.try
pot other.vile appropriated, (In- tittn of 1 .1
.tboufand two hum! v«.; at .1 t«. . /-oir d< -
* lavs, and forty four i. o. U ■ t :■»«. anmu'it
retained b\ U,: Tr« :dury f!.:p runent fr; m
the tales of the Ji.ip Be tty .Uatboart, for
dutica on the . ooftvcbrh Aaron.
KATHl. MACON,
Speaker of tbe'lfof: of li /> fentaiives^.
JOHN BllOWN,
iJrrf,hnt o ' / ■!’> Senai'pro tempore.
January *6, T*O l
TII : JErT’ERSOU
WILLTAM 1'i‘lMPLE
HAS just received by 'he ship Rebecca,
froin (London, and Yorkshire from L’i
verpool,
AN ASSORTMENT OF
G Q O D S,
‘ SuitabWo the sc r en, which tie will <li*pote of
on the usual terms.
Richmond, M yr.‘tb. tf. (t.)
printm#,
, IK All. ITS VIRIPST, EXKCUTF.li
AT Tilt
on ICE OF THE ENQUIRER,
WITH NEATNISS, I.Ltfl.tSCF, AND 'I Hli
CFiATEST DISPATCH.