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jtVr revolution in France had reft ore J IjOuiS'XVn I. tothe throneof his ancvflors ! 3v what lingular means Bonaparte was fu pererded, we have not been able to learn. Cant. M fays, ;he Printer at Ildifax (Mr. CJny) w u preparing an extra-theet, con taining the particulars of the event, for pub lication ; and that he could have obtained a copy by waiting about an hour longer, which the tide would not permit him to do. The King of England was living, and in a flat* of convalefconce. , ■ i —!<»<*.=■'" - Domestic Tn v'/V rane. NEWYOllK, May 7. The fchr. Citizen, arrived yefterday, from Gibraltar, brings intelligence, that Lon.! Ncilfon had cautioned Britilh velTels agaiuft proceeding up the Mediterranean, as he was about to bombard Algiers. Mr. Pinckney, American AmbaWador at Ma virid, hai given official information that the term of quarantine at Cadi/, was re duced to fifteen days. Captain Bain bridge and Officers were liberated through the interference of Mr. Oavino, United States Conful. A report was in circulation that the French had impofed an embargo at Leghorn, in February. — CAr- r. HtraJJ.-] May 8. Firk.—La.fr* ui&ht the city was alarmed by fire which proved to he in the State Prifon. The inhabitants were with much difficulty routed from fieep, for it was nearly an hour after the burtling out of the flames from the roof before much affiftance arrived from town. It was not got under until the ngrt-b weft wing had been burnt down to the lower ftory s damages efiimal ed at C ‘,noo dollar.;. 1 ri" l'nion was tet on <ire -by dehcn ; fame ofthc leading particulars appear in the following examination of. one of the prifoners concerned : The voluntary examination of-, a prifoner ftt the State £*|ifon, taken on the Rth day of May lRol, fays, That on Sun » day laft hr, Edward Barnes, James Stan W ford, William Grifwold, Jofeph Ambler and John Rofencrantz, combined together lofet'fire to the faid pril'on—that about / o’clock lad evening Barnes, Stanford ’ and Qrifwold began to break the prifon ; about 11 o'clock they got iir.to tbc hall and • made the keepers prifoners, and confined them—they Outbroke No. 11 anciletout the examinant and Ambler, and after con fining the keepers in No. L10, .they went to ball No. 7, andsbroke the clrmnev and got into the garret, and then went into the womens yard—That Barnes, Ambler, Stanford and -Grifwold got into, the g*rrei before him, and when he got there lie fopnd fire yi the weft corner of the nort h .wing. The examinant then told Barne*J,c had done wrong. Barnes fwore he Would I perish in the ilame> or get his liberty. Ex- | aminant then refufed going any further j a-id returned and liberated the keepers lcaft tl.<y /hotiid jppril.hin (lie fire alfo/1, i Ex trad of a letter from an officer qf the U. 'States frigate Philadelphia, dated in pri fon. Tripoli, 6th Dec. 180S. ** I wrote you on the Ufith ult. fince which molt of us have received a fupply of cloth ing from the officers of the IT. S. Schooner Vixen cTuihhc in the Mediterranean, which Mbaine apropos, as \\x were obliged to remain' la day or t*?o without covering gntir the Irmly fliirts we were in poneflion of were - * vaflied and dred. I have reafon to be ex tremely gratefuf for the politenefs of Mr. John Lyon, of the Vixen, who has been fo hiiiti as to forward me ioxne linen -and a‘ blanket from Malta, which have enabled me to ti-cl more comfo. i.nble than before. At a time when every Iking 1 Ir:«d in the world was fo foul as to be lout?><bii*«, ;y>d with*,it any cbang< of raiment,diqw great was my fVrprife and phafu;^-to receive hie packet ; J Ilia 11 never forget hi. V<.docfsy -In jVJ,, Nclfon, the Danilli coriful, we have ajfo a firm fiieud ami fiippo; ter; lince the com* . nencement of our irnprifonment he has left nomeanr. untried to alleviate our fituaffoh. lie has been of all others the molt zealous in cur behalf, and has not only fupplied us with blankets to flwlter us from the cold, wkicb at this feafnn yt very tli jrp and un comfortable )«|t with books fo' pafs away j our lime more agreeably. Hisdifintereftcd i kindnefs and politen^ls ought never to l>e I forgotten by American <, “ Lafl week we were unexpcdedly vifi ted by one of the hafhasv’s officers who in broken Englifh delivered the following la conic mefl'age—“ To r.igljt nothing—/o morrow to the caflle—good night,” which was conftraed thus—that we lliould remain undiftnrbed for that night but that in the morning we fhould he conduced to the ciftle. Ko Aroner had the fun gilded our f.rifon windows, tlian fpringing from our flinty couches, we packed up one war drobe, which required but little time.to do, as the clothes we wear conflicted the greater part of it, ami anxioufly expend our guard—our prifon door loon unfolded, and Wc were conducted amid/t crtiuds of piping people whom curioflty or the hope1 <•1 plunder had collected, to the rnoft drta-‘ ry place imaginable—-it was a large and gloomy apartment--tl/c walls were entire ly black and dripping with unwholefome (lamps, and the v.-ydied ceiling hung with cobwebs—the ground broken aud uneven afforded flu tter to the innumerable vermin that infeifed this place—the nr »fptift black Hud dreary, .Stygian darknefs reigned a., round, tnu the only light was admitted, was from a fma'l grated window in the roof j—which feebly gifinimering fervid 1*1 ('lake the darknefs vifible. As iny eye glanced over the apartment it reminded me of fi.ch as I have read of in old roman* res. Vli.i place more fd to be the abode ‘jfd .uoi; , thin of mortal , was ih habi t.i'Jon of our brave ere vr, Ti.it, likevifc wa>: to be our prifon. | “ We remained here uutil du!k in a mol) comfort lefs condition when by the balhaw’ts I orders we were reeondu' d to our ancient prifon, a palace compared to that in which we had palled the day, 1 never felt fo much pleafure in my life at reaching an old home. We are yet quartered here.” The National Intelligencer contains a cir cular Letter of Governor Claiborne, date.! New-Orleans, March 28:h, addressed to th several Commandants in Louisiana. Thi letter lays bet'.re then their official duties, anil particularly requit ,*s them : l1 r to enr oll and discipline th<* Mi.-.a. 2d. To prevent Slaves from wandering abon* without passes or trading without permission from heir owners. .‘Id. To superintend the repair of r.tads. bridges and the levee of New-Orleans*. 4*h. To prevent tavern-teepiis'from selling Wines or spirituous liquors without a license from themselves. * Besides this statement of their o'lichi! da the letter requests them to furnish Mr. Claiborne with inf, nan at ion • 1st. On the ex tent oi their separate districts, with the quali ty and produqfnms of their soil. 2d. On the number of sugar plantations, and the amount of their annual produce. 3i. On the num ber and classes of the different inhabitants. 4th. On the actual and practicable establish | nwflt ol English and French Schools. 5th. j 0n th* quantity of vacant land. 6th. On the value of the public buildings. 7th. On the Bayous or Forts of the river, which will ad mit of being cleared our. 8*h. On the num ber a.id condition ot Qburcbes and Clergymen. And 9th, oil the situation and state of the prisons. ■ The fallowing extract of a letter, at corn panted ay the proclamation, of the Lieut. Uov. of Upper Louisiana, veere received by the last ft tailfrmh a gentleman at St. Jjouis. f‘ Yesrerday Capt. Stoddlrd‘ arrived es corted from the ferry below, by about 20 ol the resj^c'alJe citizens of this place ; after a. salute of three cannon, the lieut. ,gov. in t>'j med him, that he was readv to enter into a I-effociation to deliver into l.ks hands the province ofUpper Louisiana, Sic. which will ra*.e place as soon :.s the American Toops arrive, wn^ch will be in about foip days.’.’ D m Oborles Debanlt Delassus, colonel of bis Cnthohc Majesty's armies, lieut. gov. </ L ftper Louisiana, ard it* dependencies, £«fc. And commissioned for tbe delivery of su'd province. ‘ * J ,o^r.TVrOC’amation' d'1,<,d 19th February 1S04, informs the inhabitants of having re ceived order- for -he delivery of the province toQapt. Arpos Stoddard, who is empower ed to receive and keep possession for the U nitcd States. Jdat. Intel. t'Clje <0nquu*fr. RICHMOND; \N rnvr Ojr» p ” j Kr -IT- Lb, J Ciji. ON THE Pf E Sd>. >rO. I. . T-IKE the air which we brea'he, or the light which extends the range of sensation, many of the improvements of men have lost all their allurement and respei t, becau.-e we have become too familiar with their benefits. We have ceased .to'admire all the advanta ges of an agricultural life, because the tge of hu/uers. and shepherds hasdong since expired. The substitution cf i;unimate and active powers,-such as the force of water, air or steam, in place of rhMabour of ijoan ; the in genicyis improvement of tQoJs rfn producing these innumerable articles, which supply u. ",rn convemcnMoUguig, tunaptuous doath. inq: and luxurious accommodations ; have es. caped even our conscious observation, be cause that labour i.-. no 1 anger necessary, this ingenuity has been long since exerted. The sailor who traverses the wide ocean with out a single beacon to direct, yet with oat a fear of mistaking, his path, fe'ets n > secret gratitude for rhe man, v«ho dij cavert*! his magnet, because lie has Tor gotten that state of “ d astawii) sailing” to which the earliest manners. we>e necessari ly doomed. Even the mjsterious art of writing, which embodies as it wercourvery thought, and rc pveseuta by form and colour the invisible operations of mind, has ceased to excite emotions of surprise in any but the untutored savage. Among those innumera ble arts , those moral forces which have gi ven a new turn to the destiny of society)' whose benefits though too extensive to cal culate, are apt to escape our recollection, let us not forget the PRESS. In the earliest ages, no msr could extend Ivs knowledge beyond his owyt observations, or the verbal communications of others. Did any foreign country contain any thing curi ous or useful > Tiavefiing himself or listening to the accounts of other travellers could have1 been the only mr ns of his Information. Did * hi* curiosity extend to .nv otthjec;, yhich . mi'jiit.happen to lie beyord the reach of his. owr, observation, such the diversified events of past ages ? He must have depended'. up'<n th® accuracy and fidelity of sotne tradi tionary JitSiOrian for the only account which hr could obtain. In this age no improvements c^illtl cottie from a civ i;zed iuto a savage V<pin»r , wh-rh was not conveyed bv sonic ac ck’enul traveller, or bv sojiic active titan \%h. m the hopes of gaining honour upon hi ' return to his native country had carried to ar improved society, or whom the same spirit •ia«i draw n from a s*are of civiliuiioti to a sa vage country. It was i.i such attage asthis• »nd before the benefits of writing had spread Irrm one distant p’ace to another, that thi . philosophers ol Greece formerly studied it the schools of Egypt and che East, those doc trines which w'et'e unknown to their own country nun The art of writing at last arose. Com merce introduced the people of one gfluntr' to those of another. A new method was now given to one man ami to one society of lav ing before overmen and other countries the means of improvement: A durable record was kept of the tran- actions of past ages and man seemed to have been suddev.lv in. dued with a now power of extending nis knowledge to characters and to events, which had disappeared so long. New difficulties, however, exposed the imperfection of this art. 3 no copying of a le ’gM»v manuscript was foynd to occupy much time, aud ted; us labour. Liltd all other commodities, a valu- . ahlr manuscript began to bear a mercan:ile price proportioned to this time and trouble, augmented too Im the Oiiuous !ngenu:tv of the production. .Hence no man could obfam a copy of any celebrated composition, which he did not copv with his own hand, or em ploy some other person to transcribe, or which he did nor purchase at an immense price. Rich men found an interest in keep, ing slaves for the mere purpose of copying I these works, which they either preserved j (as many of our very rich men do) from the | gratification of a frivolous vani»v, or sold to j more inquisitive men at a price, which, in the present tlav, would appear most exorbi I t int. Mr. Watson, in his History of print. iog. has mentioned an F.nistle of one Anto nin'; Bononia to Alphonsus King of Naples * and SiC'ly (see I.uckombe’s History and Art of Printing) in which he promises to give »he king 120 crowns of gold for each volume of Livv. Antiquarians have assured us. tha* a deed of conveyance was.formerly made h" a N 'tarv for a manuscript, as we cnnvev lands. , Between 1440 anti 1450, a discovery be yond all others the most simple in its na ture and the most extensive in - e "’’•cts, ap peared to assist the progress of Science, Li terature and social happiness. ~Ir was tfm P-C"s. With almost the same ease with which one manuscript copy can he compleat rd, if has taught man to rtv.ate a thousand impressions in nearly the :fanie time. So long,as civilized nations sh^ll withstand the wide-wasting ravages of a savage horJc ; so long as -the.institutions of the State shall may act; the progress of science seems to he sna longer uncertain. The advantages which it holds out to it may admit.a simple enu meration. 1st. -It disseynina*r. ^ the tri^.s whjch are actually discovered on everv subject, whether it rr|ates to the science ot ealculati a>i, to the Philosophy of thcextcrnal univerte.' or the knowledge of A/iwi. Doubtless it dif-„ fuses errors in the same proportion. But' experience has never fa't’ed to present us with “ monuments of jthe safety vzith which er-, ror ttjrv he tolerated, where reason! w free to • corwuat it-*’ ' * • 2d. It increases the number r>f truths, bv disseminating the spirit of enquiry. Everv theory, hint or individual fart, is submitted! to the investigation of several minds, whose curiosity is awakened to the ardour of disco .Very. » 3d. Itnotonly extends these truths tn,ma »y minds, hut it presents them to the same mind pi much grea*er perfection and cer ta'U.y. The methods of information, are ;few in mmtber, bu‘ very different in the de crees of cerainty which they give to any opj „on. which is not demonstrative. We cannot he more certain of. any thing than when we perceive it by our mr/t smses The verbal communications of others, on what they themselves have perce'ved, fill up the next degree ofcertainry, When we have been in formed of any thing not by the man who perceived it himself, but by others who heard it from him, the confidence which we repose in the opinion, is greater or less in proportion to the source thro’ which it comes. It is alwais much grea ter when we acquire any information thro’ writing or printing. It is then re gistered in. black and white. The letters' cannot change their arrangement so as. to produce a difffcnpn stju. mcn't. But when we trust the oral information of others, \t e have not onjy V' pnjxpiuer all the mis’nkes of the original report, b; t those numberless" variations which the unconscious imagina tion, the involuntary misconception, or the wilful misrepresentation of the relate™, m; successively impart to if. I have therefor? some right to conclude, t*,at the Press com* municMes to an opir.ior a degree of certain ty and perfection, to which ro ether medium except writing, tan venture to aspire. Wljqthcr I con ridr then the iruvy m'ntls to whi;h the Press com nunlcate* th* truths already discovered, and li;-. p,rit of e>qu ry which may multiply t'leir number > or who *.l»cr I consider the certainty which it gives to e icb particular mind on each of those truths, I am ready to exclaim— • lie /Vw, a.id for rw." COMM UNIC ATION. L A W C A S E. On Thursday and Friday Iaft a legal queftion of great curiofity, novelty, and im portance, was argued in the Court of Ap peals. The name of the cafe was Stone againft Keeling, and the circumftanc^s are as follow: v One Keeling, forae thirty or forty years ago, married a woman by whom he had a foil. Ilis wife then died, and after the lapie of a few years he married a Indy who was known by the name* of Mrs. Arbuckle. This lady at th • time of her intermarriage wilh Mr. Keeling bad another hatband who is fiil.l living. Mr. Arbuckje and her felf, not enjoying domcftic happinefs, fc | parated, he continuing in the gounty of Ac* | comack, on tin* Eaftem fhpte of Virginia, (he removing to the' county of Princefs Anne, where lhe married Mr. Keeling. Previous to tliis marriage Arbuckle had fre quently been abfen from the ft.ate,although his abfence had never been fo long as to ju^ify the prefumption ofhisd nth. Two daughters were the fruit of this marri age, and Keeling and I i i feeond wife lived happily together until the day of their death. About two year • \u Keeling died, leaving a lar*e eftate. > Ibu by the firft wife is dead, leaving two children, and his daughters by tEcMccon are mar ried. oijoruy aucr me aeat' r jvccung, tnc hufbands of fils daughtt 'l he Appellants in this fait) applied to tl c -ty.-»■ ~c the deceafed. This was mother-and guardian of tin. 1 • J Keeling’s fan, on the gr..- v.‘ ut daughters <wert illtgitwiaf,-, tie >-g the iflue of an illegal and v> ■ m? ;t, an; coufequently not entitled u air. p r-,n of theellate. The coupry court ful *! < i objection, and appointed the gn u the grand-children the Adminiftt -rn . (. i.. an appeal to the Diftrirt Court u- : ./ ‘ol! , that court affirmed the judgem ■; . : the county court, from which jud m hufbands of the diyighpers appt . . ... ^Court of Appeals. T’ c jfe chiefly depended on the expo sition of a claufe in the law of £)efcents, pafled in the year 173.1, which tpok efl’eCt or the lft of Januai, 1787 ; the claufe de ed res that “ tl*. Tue of marriages deemed j null ir. law, .hail neverthelsfs be legiti mate.’’ By the common Jaw the children of all ille ral marriages, were illegitimate. The queflion was, whether tiie common law on that/pbjert wastotqlly or partially jaltered. It was contended for the Appellants that the legiflature intended to change the law | entirely, and thatahe innocent offspring uf j <«//niarrl.igv'-TT-cTrlcgiriTTTmc-^. Forthe Appellee it was contended that the legiflature onjy meant to legitimate the .iflue of fuch'illegaf marriages as required ah annulling art to make them .void, .and not fuch as were apfolutely void from the beginning: that a marriage with a perfon already married,, was void from the vciy moment of its being contracted, and that confeqOently the iflue of fuch illegal marri ages were (till illegitimate as at common •law. Jl .was alfo-.verged Ahat the-law .of 1785 did not apply to this cafe, as the I daughters were bom previous to the of ^January 1787. The reply made to this ar gument 1 y the Appellants counsel was, j that the l aw operated from the date of the death.of the father, .and not from the time ! of the children’s birth. The court on Saturday.jUft tmanimoufly decided that the common law on this fub jert was totally changed, that the ijjue of all illegal marriages were /rs'limntexmder the art of 1735 ; they reverted the judg ment of the Dittrirt Court, and directed lit admirjiftration of the eftutc to be conferred on the Appellants. Princefs Anne for Letter on on his eflate, as being Testi rdoy .. Mail. 'A letVcr from AJicant to r. merchant in Cadiz, dated Feb. sift, iays“ By fhe Ame rican fchr. — burger, v.'ho arrived here veft'^rday in a few days from Leghoi :i, I am informed the French have embargoed ailtho veflels then in that port, and have prefi d a great many feamen both th^re and at Ge noa. They have alfo ordered 200,000 ra-. tior.b to be provid'd for an expedition which is to take place immediately, fuppof-, ed agairlft Sicily or Sardinia ; but which of. -the t>vo, or whether either of them, in n ,{ known with certainty. [Froth London paper.1, by the 'Jupiter, at Alotut-York—one day1 later. " London,-March 15. ThcMoniteor contains inffn te numbers ,cf add reties from the army, navy, from all public bodies and eftablflbments. The ad dicts from StfaTburg, where Moreau was as much loved as be was honoured anti admir , vd, it being, in the neighbourhood of hu> inoA brill Jtnt exploits, is remarkable. " General Moreau ! ! at that name the ♦Strafburghers fhuddered with ama/emertt! “ Moreau, whom they have fr » brave and victorious ; and whom they would have thought it impodible to a cufc, if the go vernment had not denounced him in the face ot Europe ! ” This, as well ar every pther addrefs, burns, with indignation againlt the Finglilb government. Il Jeemsasif a l ew ycjl and energy had been infpired into the leg ons by this aA^ir. lint liirely Mona mull be innocent of this confpiracy. It s iinpodi blc that ire Could be concerned in any pro icft of which Mr. Adding ton ant! hi? col leagues were the movers. He may have feen his old commander, and this is hia whole oifenee. March l ?. A letter has been received from Lifboi* of a late date, which contains the following intelligence of impoitwice. * • Lisbon. The French Envoy has announced oflici ally to his cqunttyn\en merchants here, that they’need be under noapprehenfio;; of a rupture betw een this country andL France ; as he has finally concluded, on the 19th December, a feparate treaty of neu trality. The .price of it is underJtood to be lti millions o>‘ Francs ; the Potfuguefe merchantshaving been called on bv go vernment for their advice haw thatl'um may be molt eafily railed. I ha\ e good rea foato fuppofe that a year is allowed to pu v t.'u-’ money, "by monthly irftalinents ; which induces me to think Bonapai tp does not intend to drive the country to extre mities. Sin^e the arrival of the wit pack ets, a report is current here, that Great Britain agrees to the terms *f neutrality w ith §ppn and Portugal ; but that, tellng they have been obliged to piy chaie them, requires forne guarantee* againft further ex actions and coriceilions. Poflefiibrr of Madeira and Goa is demanded of Portu gal. i have not heard what is afked of Spam. At all events, Mr. Addlpgrcm .,p pears to be under no app.rehenfibn of our being in any immediate dagger heic, usiir politively aherejd the deftination oftrahf ports which had bejpn ordered to take B^i tifii fubjeits jnd their propeity from hence. •A very heavy firing was heard \ efterday eve ig ht Dour. No intelligence had l i ved during the ccurfe of yfierday frriin logic; but the firing lall night ;sfi,£> _'..fed, by our Dover Correfporuifnt,- to proce< from *’ e eneiny’^ batteries throi» ng P -it our fiiips becalmed near the lhore. r'h.ir think it proceeds from om yeflelu, which ma y be carrying into cx eei tion the plan »ve mentioned a fewd'iV3 ,’.o rc-wtive 13 the iValing up the harbour or JJoiogne. t r.UXjLET I V. t rew’. Hau/e, Marc). 17. • I as IV.' .fly is conliderably recover ed.’ —Signed as ufuuh T,v .Allowing i.; a letter from Capt. P;c Ivlc*, to tne American Conlul at Cadiz: _ , , Malta, 'Jan. 2»>. On the 23d ult. i captured off '■ Vtpoli ‘ome of the Bafllaw’s principal ofifeers, a number of his joldiers, thirty young \x o mpn, and twelve blackanen EDWARD TREBLE.” TO CORRESPONDENTS. Columbus is requefted to employ his pen on fome fubjefl of more immediate importance to his country. Alcibiades is* received, and iliall be publiflied at aji/he more favorable to'the inveftigation of the fuWett, which he feems fo well to underftand. He is re queued td fiv.ifh the dlfcullion vliich he ha> ct mmenccd. ' • ' TO EE DISPOSED OF By PUBLIC SALE, At Mrs. Buckner’s Tavern in the town cf Manchester, on Wednesday the SChh day of this present month*, at t^,e hour of Four o’Clock precisely : Os\K Hundred and Seventy Eight 33-160 actrs Well Timbered I.AND, I adjoining the land? of Mr. David Ross, cal • ■’d and knjvfi. by the name cf the Fall, Plantation—To 'nouse^ui’ders and other* using pine ar.d oak timbers, this land must certainly lt: an object. The terms vvi 1 be mttde suittMe to intending purchasers, and desired at the time of s.-.le. For fur.hev particulars, application may be made to Mr. Lenjatpin Hatcher, Manchester, or to Jlr Thomas \\ nsor., Richmond. Pitnnlra JAMES STRANGE [3] ] 304 i aken up by tlic subscriber, lit - in- in Lo .iss. .-aunty, Blaua 1 Inner, about rour Lei ten .r.che- h. "h ; he r.a-. a star in bo, forehead >. snip on bis novo, ar.d a small w h i' e spot middle of) i„ hi*-}., vvi f, a banging r ' ' :• bushy tun . appears to nave t:-e i ,1 Gfgearon ids .side, ;.r.d is opposed to V ; nit six _ var, old.--Aporais ed to hj :y uoil.-. j. " . JOHN BIBB Louisa, rth Febr.itrv, A >prin0 <J3ooD^» WILLIAM TLMLLK HAS just received by tht ship Rebecca, from London, and Yorkshire from Li verpool, AN ASSORTMENT OF G GOD S, Sobableto the season, which he will di.rpose of on the usual terms. Jficinnaiid, May 9th. tf. (1.) TIIE NEW-YORJv WEEKLY MAGAZINE ; Handfomely bound—Containing a prrat variety of Valuable Selections in fYqfc fc Verfe, adapfeif to the moral improve ment and i.ifional nmufenVent clv a do nitflie life.-/1LSC, 04 The l 'Lion (if Columbus : A POEM—in kink books. BY JOEL BARLOW. I lcp.ii.tb/ printed, bound, and lettered 1l<' Saif at thit OJpft