The daily dispatch. [volume], January 20, 1860, Image 1

About The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884

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ftilntunto pispattfr.
.po war i»> w*jg^SgißflKfi£i
rH a. v All V DISPATCH ia screed tesnb-
%R ;D A Y RORNINO JAN. IR •* |
yrTION S THE COMMISSIONER FROM
•' SOUTH CAROLINA.
_j- miORK THE GENERAL
.liPß**- ASSKMRLY.
~,_, ..lure assembled yesterday at 13
51 i l-e day beln* appointed to hear
•as Hsu. Ommmtmtmmt o. Mbmuimisu,
TV , r fn in South tJarolina, the views
' n Is connection with his mission
**_**__»_ mus of the ordinary legislative
JasuuaSSSSeß A large crowd, ex
' T eft*** P*^ kwl 'he irallerie; ilense-
I ;,;, lim i; of the Mr «cv were forced
*"' ~i M* .,l . itol.nnil> M obtmu any 10.
''*' V.atever. rb"' Senate came into the
,";.7|.M...*.it t*X o'clocK and with the
. tloveruor. Secretary of
1 " m, ', I.IR-iBTf »' l ' l " ,h, " r high dignita
**"' apl< -'ir fl,i,M ' v,> ' * b,Mlr of ,h *
1 t. tin* arrival si in distinguished
yNSSSi ftm UI fl remained stand
., v> (-,;■ ~ mi. *■::;., i:«<.. the Speak
ii issslnd bim. Il»* was Intro.
",!','n,',,.rb.vM.K. II Ukalk, mem.
jV.piß.osuld Itlaspleasuatdnty
• rodncinc you to the msmbsrs
J .m , vie both *ou tbeir behalf and ;
','.':'••.. ••"'••>'.' 1 " ,! "* v r'M>r«-«*iit. Tbe
ccaaiou,air, i» increased by
'." .- ,i '.lit- reception by South
- representative—that di.tin
,s .', Virpnia, Benjamin Watkins
, . | ventan but one expression
' mux carry buck to yeur Scuta,and |
''■'.'• whether ths ship of the Ooufode
'■* ,"'■,. nnderornot, Virj_iniashallsink
' : \ '"_' her .Uter, Souib Carolina. I
"' '___iire v,.u. mt, that you will receive i
..nl co•; fil[( and iii.il the most detibe
*__»<,_ will be given to the voice of
.n-uxou then took his place on the
I behind the railing enclosing tbe |
". . Uair vi ;J proceeded to address the j
« «r.AMB aiid gentlemen of the Senate
v «col DelegUtea: When the Athenian
~.,,! ;!,.• bema, to iNrh thepeo
, . it v.:i> ins custom to invoke the
: f r__.il g of tbe unknown Clods of bis
'*" , it on much more toss it become
, ,„ thai t<*.ne who ha* been made so j
i u> ii* in later years, to follow ibe
• i., heathen, ami toco beyead him
i aid ol Ihe Supreme lientg, in
.' .:,t judgment in the ma iters lie
■ [do humbly invoke that Hid. He
rod, gentlemen, 1 beg leave to otter
,', ; . ~r . , >i and authorities of your State,
... sonvh Caroline, my profound ac
i.-. for :be .rent courtesy aad
M received by urn slues my arrival
. mi .; result in nothing else, it will
Stales i; thia CoalMeracy, that hey
~ powers, aad can receivi. and de
.,•..,,■ messages from each other: but I
r. I have done, that I shnll show
. ■,■ ii - unethingelaetobeaeeesßplis bed,
__t there are reasons l<>r taking theae
... n 1 -hall urge upon your considera-
Cierkof tha Houses! lie legates, at the
: Mr. M . read ihs resolutioaa of the
Carolina Legislature, sending a Ooss
Mloai r to •iv« Sia'-e, which bave been pub-
A- I*SS« resolutions import the object ]
■ml mission, may bs classc.i under three ]
>'_.;- Ist. 1- express the cordial sympathy j
. > nth Carolina with Virginia ia the exist
- circumstances. Sd. To communicate the
-, .n" f sai'U Carolina to unite with Vir
. ~ measures t r their common defence:
'... id TopequmtTirginiatoappulatHora
conference of the Southern States, and to send
4rlegate, thereto. The fir-t of these duties I
..." lifc.-lu.rged with the greatest satisfaction.
g_i.i then i« noStateto wblcb all ours as
■■■„ ii- :■ Virginia. Sbe contributed mere lv
i : .nl matti r to the greataesa oftbeUalou
tan -v itber. To ncr grant men we ours
: 1 v. for it wa- they who first broke our
i _ies i». .i surely 11m name* ol Washing.
:,. in. i JetTeraon, and Madison, are hallowed
■ :... memories of nil. r: the foun
i : the Oonfcderacy, Virginia being in
ne centre, wa? better qnuliaed to mala.
nil tier position than any ut/ier S'aie.—
line in ie! hand every element of national
psatness, -lie snrrendered her Western terri
v : iniik" up the greatness of the I'nion.—
Ibsn is boI n man who .faoold not regard her
h a mother State. Yet want do we sse 1 She
.. i i-.n singled out for attack, while her titi
esi slambered is peace. While she had sur
•• ::,ii .ill tier power i...r protection to the
Federal government, Is tin* dead hour of
_•:. ,i. tbe msnntains, übcre no enemy but
tkt wild mvage bad ever appeared, v worse
sbmst than thai savage appears. We believed
rvlvM -.-cure, bat the sound of that
■Til :i in the muuii tains tells us to look to j
.---ive. for seenrity. Is it surprising that j
ullage in the moutitaius was sur
.... ' Il i= only wonderful tbat they were
.. ■ do aa v. II as tbey did, and, catching
ty ineb v .t|ioiis;'.» eonld be found in a peace*
:,. . immunity, secure within a wall the in
r. until :."v were taken jirisoners.
We- of South ' 'iroliua look mi this as a blow
kai tbe whole South. You wereon the
;. :. ter, and hadyou not itood there, another
But.«ro«1.1 base received it. We feel that
Br (rtoadly tbielil warded it oir from us,
tad it. '.. wing you our sympathy and gratl*
las. ueai bound to staau by you, anil come
I r pan ,-niii parcel of the danger as well
.;- mi artty. And nothing would übve
■ r roaug men better than a mi«aion
char* ter diSbrent fromtliat I now fulfill.
I : we most look at this act, not in it. re
* .-,hal r-intentions. We must look, too,
vithiß tkoae ii.ieiiiions, and I will presently
utmii.e it in ihat aspect. They believed it
necessary to raise their standard, aud
lertte tli" slaves, every one of whom, on hear- j
•ht alarm gnu, would flock, to it. They
• .1 ..! that tbe nou .slaveholders weredis-|
toyaLai .1 would rush to their fla£, ami that a
nrvll. wir would ensue. We therefore be- |
law ihut ibis wa» a serious matter, and it Is
atjri have bssn linn in your purpose, nnd
nkea be t rfeited lives of these felons, that
■'<I .: lint these {..rteit lives do not fcufflce
I I :li» lives ul your citizens who fell. Ilutitis
brthi - tun, tins tbat w<* must look, and it is
'< a. view that we sdk to make a common
• uitbyouagsfast these inroad, on our
•■■••is lv siting this course, we do not
usuaeto dictate to you your actiou, nor do
w -' ppose weennenligßtsu you in the mat*
JUof fi ar •wu defence. You asked no aid
I : ;-m nnv quarter, and we should fall far
1 •" f ..in purpose had we so intended. But
b*believed wtishoiildcjinefurwardintbemat.
'•' Ud declare ail I- buessaUL We are urged
~**"1 hifhrr rnii.libiialltms You remem
■ '-i r ii, our hour of difficulty; tor we, too,
"• l td nir triaU. Many here are old enough
mber tbe occasion. We had opened a
'"■ v.'v witb the Federal Government in
■ -r.',... i you vf-nt a distinguished gentleman
1 i midst and made proposals which
"____" aisiHar to those ws now make to you;
»*d to show thi. Assembly how deeply we are
lUebted lo Virginia, I will take leave to read
I ibe objects and results of that coinmis-
• I "Clerk read the action of Virginia
■'• ■ ■ Beoj. \\'..:kins to South Caro
-1 •'«■'• ihe lime of her impending difficulty
• Federal 'Joy eminent]
ion win (~.. In . v Virginia undertook a very
Jb '!• Bee fur South Carolina, in a case in
•■' ■• .'i M. ..• wr( , a gre.it diversity of opinion
**oaf ~w rj dtljteßS. She had proceeded
• J nullify a federal article of law. and waa
,' •■ t »iij.;,i.ri it by an appeal to arms, when
'»' '. .-in her Commissioner to defer this
1 ;"'i'-'ai.i.jii. Upon arriving there he wrote
wuii*Governor to n«ir the reassembling of
, 'a yen tion which had adopted the nulli
■« i'"' rt-i iu '""»\ in order that the Virginia
' •«;.'i .i« h,. brought might be submitted to
■ '•" 'iov.-rui,r replied, that 1 here waa no
s*sj Inn v, existence that could consider the
• _!iiia resolutions, aud recommended that
"•i stijulri bs submitted to the President of
■ >uveuiion. It was done; the President
. """k that be would do great injustice to
(~*•',,'_ _____ Carolina, if be failod to
v Si ■ v ', an(J lu'homiug tUe Governor to say
>air. t( , ;il ltie (; ol ,vention would be
The Conventiou met, dellber
"■os the subject, and the result of their ac
mlTV or <""«"»ce declaring that as Con
pwi had provided for a reduction of theduty,
___. u,tt! ;•• nullification ordinance should
»" v °I** Th * mediation of Virginia bad
l_V , * ftw:t ***** un Cougress and on South
v ' ,_'! i*' * uil lb * South Carolina Convention
.i.. ii * r, ' is '' ,utio » tbanking Virginia for ber
j, ••-ly act, and expressing to tbe Governor of
• . '"'* ibe(,atitfaction with which it regard-
yf Mr. Leigh. Such was the effect
iiin .*J &i * X ' !,n . •»* «""h was ths spirit in
™rt South Carolina received »t.
_','* 6*cessary to review some of vourac-
M *5? '*_>• '-"tl our course now is the same
Ui.rt . 11 toward* ns: and now, lv
_ * a *y nt trouble of tbe whole South, we take
_,' ,'J ur " -'""listed by you in the troubles of
i..,,' *_*?-. we are alt aware tbat South Caro
.l. S!*f t * w itetsg, decided that if tbe WII-
Sm _! w*» adopted sbe would secede.
c,rL_ 1,,,K 1 wl iat WtJi following in the
? f l ':? * Util * ot ■***».
i*rJi • * °«ovonifoi» again, aad was pre.
was ulow, to go out of ths Union, thongh
W tiTu** ' *»»** minority Jo the State opposed
«„__* *****»*. She was again met by mote.
" u <« from the State of VUfiaia, that» tatsac
DAILY DISPATCH.
VOL. XVII.—NO. 17.
cepting ths compromise of 18S0 ns au adjust,
went, while South Carolina regarded them as
nn aggravation. Virginia passed resolutions
declaring that, regarding the said acts of Con -
grass as an adjustment, sbe deemed It unwise
to send delegates to a Southern Convention,
and earnestly appealed to her sister State, to
desist from thetr movement. Our Biate took
a different view; yei, when your reeo-
In lions came, when your reqnest to South j
Carolina to desist came, what took placet—
The secession Cinvention met—two*thirds of
the members of whicb favored disunion, yet
these two-thirds delivered over tbeir power
to the minority. Our prominent men bud
canvassed tbe State, informing the people ol
Virginia's course, and when the Convention
tnei it deemed tt inexpedient tosecede. Now.
gentlemen of the Assembly, we bave waited
lor yon seven rears. We felt assured that the
wave of fanaticism, aurging against our bat
tlement., would not be turned back, bul would
sweep over our turreta: nnd the next change
in the drama was the scene nt Hnrper's Fer
ry. It told us that we must comeback to Vir*
ginla. It told us tbat the wave ha■'. swept
over the summit, and we bave come to ask if
you will meet vi* in conference. Can you re
sist it I We do not press our opinions M you,
j except as a matter for conference. Il is right
I tbat all parties should have their opinions.—
' We ask for a conference of the Southern States,
ana whatever they determine on, we will
abide. Now, gentlemen, while we present thi*
request we do not wish you to do wbat your
judgment docs not approve of,and I proceed
M try 10 convince you that tbe course we urge
I is what your judgment will approve.
] The Harpers Ferry affair now rises into lm
! portance. In every disease the symptoms do
I uot appear la their full violence at once. The
! house on fire is first known by the llames
creeping through thecraunies of tbe building.
Ity these we know that the building is in
(!ame>, and it is far better that we should at
once decide whether it can be saved or whether
We shall abandon it. We see Harper's Ferry
as a symptom, and should deal with it as
state-men deal with such outbreaks on the
body politic. For mv part, it seems, when you
examine all .he circumstances connected with
It, that lie has, ss it appears, set it up as a
standard there to show you how far you can
disregard these symptoms. It is a sort of Nile
ometer. to show that the water is rising, and if
yuii heed iknot it will overflow the country.
How many men contributed to this attack I
Hi.w many knew of its existence! How many
were engaced in this plan to imbrue their hands
in the blood of slaveholders * It is the object
of state.men to deal with absolute facts—we
have them, and have certain proof that
then* mii>i have been many men in those
Northern'regioas of the country who knew
or this intended nttack. Who spoke ?
Who pave notice \ A single voice, and that
disreg.irded, and the matter broke in upon us
as a thunder cloud, and shewed you an ad
v.ince ot the feeling against the South that no |
in .v could have believed, except for this move
ment. What happened after I We see a feel
ing of sympathy nil over the Norih. Cjnnsel
coming from adistaat city—the "Athens" of
the country—to defend the murderer. Now,
we are not surprised to see men volunteer to
defend traitors: but to see men volunteer to
defend murderers who had plotted the assas
sination of innocent families, is uuheard of in
Hie annals of jurisprudence. Well, you take
these men and bring them 10 trial. How !
Quietly as you would any other offendera
against your lavirs I You find indications of
such a character as to force you to bring out the
military power of tbe State to keep at bay the
sympathizeraof tbemurderera. And when yon
execute them, a voice of lamentation ia heard,
as if Latimer and Ridley were about going to
the stake. You hear bells tolled all over
the North, and to the discredit of our
institutions; (for I regard this matter as
n discredit to our whole country,) you
see offered in one of our Suite Legislatures
a resolution toadjoum in honor of John
Brown, which failed by only three votes. 1 I
say these are indications which you cannot
put aside. Every village bell tolled wasa voice I
proclaiming to Virginia, this is the feeling I
which surrounds us here. We all kuow that
familiarity with scenes divests them of their I
real character, and to a man daily standing
beneath the falls of Niagara, I daresay, in a
lew weeks, he will begin to regard it as the
ordinary passage of water dowu a stream.—
You inVirginia, have heard so much ol the
affair, that it seems to be magnified. Look at
it from another point,—set it across the water.
Suppose thattheexplosion at that opera house
iv Paris, intended to destroy the Emperor,
had been lauded by every English paper. Sup
pose it had succeeded, and simultaneously
there had appeared in every English paper an
avowal of ihe act, a lolling of bells in the
English villages and a motion to adjouru in
the English Parliament. Does any man sup
pose that the French nation would have
abided that one hour I Would the French
armies have stood still a moment 1—
Yet, here we are in the same position.
it may be said that Louis Napoleon was a ty
rant that he had «eiw*d the sceptre of his
country, aud he might have been maligued as
we are "at the North. Does any one suppose
that the English nation would not bave been
treated as outlaws by the civilized world?—
The Legislatures of the North in applauding
i this act are guilty of its commission, and show
that they are willing to take tho same staud.
But this is not aIK We have still further de
velopments. Shortly alter this affair took
place, there were elections at the North, and
every Southern man supposed that the people
tlu-ri* would recoil Irom the aci; and at ihe
New York election we were told that it would
tie shown now that only extreme men en
dorsed it, and the people at the polls would
condemn it. It turns out that the abolition
ists were strong enough to defeat both parties.
Still later, iv Congress, we see UU men voting
in solid column for a man who signed the en
dorsation of a book urging revolution at the
South, and who will make no retraction of the
act; and though many ballot*, bave taken place,
and our friends are going from banner to
banner, they stand firm, aud wait to see if we
will be reduced to submission.
Now, gentlemen, I bave entered into this
matter to show you that we are obliged to re
view our relations wiih the North. Tbat if
this matter pass, hundreds wHI follow in the
footsteps ol those whom you have driven from
your borders. 1 have endeavored to ascertain
if this is the normal condition of the Northern
body politic, or a temporary disease. For
the one there is a remedy of oue kind, but the
permanent disease requires very different
action. When ibis Government was formed,
there were «eveu non-slavoholding States and
sU slaveholding States. But one of the
Southern States—your own—owned that mag
nificent country in the West. So that the
noii-slaveholding States had only two States
to be added to their border, and we had
all the rest. Maine and Vermont were
the only two to be added to the North,
whereas in our portion there were all
the States this side of the Mississippi river
not included in the purchase of Louisiana—
How happens it tbat we are vow in the mi
nority 1 As you are aware, the first move
ment that divested us of terriiory was the res
olutions of 17*1. [Here was read Mr. Jeffer
son's resolutions proposing to cede Virginia's
western possessions, and providing that in
voluntary servitude should not exist therein.]
Every Sou ther v Suite refused to adopt the
resolutions, and on motion of North Carolina
tbe restriction was stricken out. Virginia, in
ceding this .territory, expressly provides that
every State formed out of it should be equal
with tbe other States of the Union. The act
of cession was dated 17W. The other States
referred to came into the Union with the South
ern States, and as an act of concession, Con
gress passed a law providing that there should
not be slavery in tbem, (Virginia's ceded ter
ritory,) provided, always, tbat fugitive slaves
might be lawfully reclaimed. Now, this
law was illegal, because no limitation could
be put on the new States; but it was put
in, and, for Unions sake, Virginia acquiesced.
This being the case, the re-ult Of the cession
was, that we gave up our possession of Ohio,
Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin, and merely
reserved Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama and
Mississippi. The North only gave two States,
Vennout and Maine; and while Virginia and
tbe South gave up all this lands in those States
ceded to the Union, it is worthy of remark
tbat the North reserved to herself the right to
those in her Stales.- We gave up everything;
they gave up nothing. The sales of the pub
lic lands have amounted to $ 150,000,1*K), or
which they, as well as we, have reaped the
benefit. Suppose that in these new States tbe
local law of slavery had existed. How would
we have stood t There would bave been fif
teen slave States, with 30 Senators and I*M Re
presentatives, wbile tbe North would only
have bad nine States aud a proportionate re
presentation. Therefore. If the law of slave
ry bad followed tbe cession, we would have
had 30 Senators to their IP, and 1t22 Represen
tatives against their «. .bring this to view
to show that tbe South has always been ready
to concede to and maintain the Union.—
We had these means and ws voluntarily gave
them up. When I say we, I mean the South,
Virginia being tbecbief donor of the territory.
Tbe nextacquisition of territory was in April,
lHUrt. by purchase from Prance, tbe non-aiave
holding States then naring a majority ef one.
Tbe States tbst were to come in were two for
the South and seven for the North, tbe result
giving tbe Nortb fourteen nnd the South ten.
When the acquisition ef Louisiana was made,
we agreed tbat the local law of tbat Territory
should remain in force, aad that law provided
for slavery. If that law had bsea applied, the
South would agate have acquired a vast pre
dominance over the North. Sbe would have
»nd a numerical merrily, and the only sddl
ttou Which the North could have had was
Maine, whlsh was about beisgadmitted la ths
Vatoa. |l Ufa bscami of vast importaasets
RICHMOND, VA., FRIDAY, JANUARY 20, lf*6o.
the North to create another difficulty. They
saw the power about le depart from them,and
when Missouri came np for admission the
struggle was renewed.
Now, this was no fanatical opposition. Fa
naticism bad not then commenced. It was a
mere contest for power, nnd the Northern
majority in Congress refused to admit Mis
souri. They were equal with us and their nc
tion looked to power for the future. It was a
determination on their part te hold the con
trol of tbe country, when, unformnntely for
the Son th, a voice came from ber for a com
promise. Now, acompremlaeshould be some
thing In which both partiee make a conces
sion. This was not such an one. The South
proposed that a line should be drawn at 36-.10,
and tbat all the territory North of tbat should
be given up to free-soil institutions; but no
provision was made for territory this side. —
As the matter then stood, the North- gained
Wisconsin, lowa, Oregon, Nebmssa and Kan
sas, and the South only Missouri, Arkansas
and a part of tbe Indian territory—tbe Inst of
which is yet to be tested. We gave ground
where giving ground was destruction, nnd
gave tbe North a sufficient number of our vo
ters to produce the result we ure now feeling.
[The letter of Jefferson, written in 1820, rela
tive to the Missouri Compromise, in which he
alludes to the ominous signs of the times,
striking our ear likea " (Ire bell in the night,"
saying that "ageographical lineoucecouceived
and held up for the passions of men, can never
be obliterated,*' and that he considered it the
"knell of the Union," was then read.] You
observe the remurkable language of Mr. Jef
ferson. Is that not prophecy I Hasnotevery
word been realized I That line has now begun
to bo traced in Are, and part in blood. The Hue
was drawn, but we -supposed that it would uot
be marked iv tbe soil, and we left it. Fifteen
years afterward there began to tinkle a little
bell, which bas growu louder aud louder, till
its clanging may be heard all over the Union.
It is the bell of fanaticism. In isr> petitions
began to be presented to Congress for
the abolition of slavery in the District of
Columbia. Tbey were met, I am sorry to
say, as onr Southern men too often meet
those movements—by a compromise. Do
they not see that this is but the entering
wedge, and that, it will go far to effect slavery
throughout the country ? Congress deter
mined that these men bad a right to petition.
Now, if England and France were in alliance,
would there be a right for the subjects of one
to petition against the institutions of the
other I Is there not a condition implied, that
if England does not like the Government of
France, she shall not interfere with it ! -Was
not that the principle in which onr Union
was founded, and yet Congress admitted these
peiitionsand laid them on the table, saying that
they had no right to go further, tbere giving a
foot-hold to that agitation, which has since
shaken the country. It is important in this
aspect of affairs, to know that it was foreseen
by those on our outposts. I will bring to
your attention the effort in the Senate by Mr.
Calhoun, in lKfe*, to stop these fanatical inter
ferences, aud the results he precly»reil would
follow. [A portion of one of Mr. Calhoun's
speeches on tbe right of petition, was bere
read, in which he contends that the South was
degraded by the reception of such petitions
byCougress, and that if its legitimate conse
quence ensued, she could not stay in the
Union.] Can any commentary on these words
be -stronger than the proceedings of the
recent meeting in the city of Boston, in
which we are told that tbey (the petitions)
had succeeded in producing the resnlts which
the great prophet had foretold ? In another
part ef the same speech Mr. Calhoun said tbat
be saw working at the bottom of these move
ments a spirit of persecution which bad
drenched theCbristian world witb blood two
centuries ago. Now, this was in I*3B. What
was the first fruit of this agitation I Mr. Cal
houn had described it as "one man undertak
ing to judge tbe duties of anotlQfr." The first
bond broken was tho Christian union, that
sentiment which unites a man to his neighbor
iv fellowship with his God. It first made the
men of the North say that they would not re
main in Christain bonds with slaveholders.—
The meek followers of the Son of God) who, in
Galilee and Judea, looked down npon ter
ritories filled with slaves—nay, whose first
act was to give up, good and round, a
slave to his Roman master. The fol
lowers of this lowly apostle say that they
cannot hold friendship witb the holders of
slaves, nor worship with them at a com
mon altar. Do they not profess that
the Bible is common lo us all, and have
they repudiated Saint Paul himself; and if
Paul could take a fugitive slave he had con
verted, and send him back to his master, could
not they 1 Surely, it in a region like the Ro
man Empire, with millions and millions of
slaves,there could be union from the Euphrates
to the pillars of Hercules j if A'audals, Goths
and Ostra-Goths could live in one communi
ty, how comes it that we cannot rest in Ameri
ca with men of one race, and with common
institutions! You can see that this fanaticism
effects the whole under current of society, and
is it to be supposed that those who rejectour
Union in religious matters, on account of it,
will go with us iv other matters. Do you not
see that what Calhoun prophesied, nas comet
He said that "the deluded agitators must be
told that our institutions are no affair of
theirs." Now, I shall presently show that in
stead of these agitators being tolri this, we
have surrendered at discretion. We have
now shown the admixture oi ta static ism with
the clement of power, and we shall now show
the combination of tbe two.
The admission of Texas was the next great
point raised in tbe history of the country.—
Texas had been refused admission to the
Union by several President., and the time
that it was brought distinctly to notice was in
1819. when it was seen that England had taken
notice of the opposition. The World's Con
vention met in London, and New England
sent representatives to it. The great desire of
the World's Convention was to extin
guish slavery, and i_t proposed to Lord
Aberdeen to make a loan to the Republic of
Texas, provided tbe money should be used to
abolish slavery in the Southern Suites—that i
Republic being on their border. Tbere was a
debate in Parliament, in which Lord Brough
am called nttention to the position of Texas
and its capacities, and recommended to unite
with it in the abolition of slavery in other
American States. He inquired of Lord Aber
deen what the Ministry had done on tbe sub
ject. Lord Aberdeen replied that he could
not open the correspondence to the House,
but that England was endeavoring to bring
about a satisfactory solution of the question.
Again, do we owe our preservation to Vir
ginia. Just then John Tyler took his seat.—
Tbe man who had filled the office before him,
and who would have carried out Lord Brough*
am's views, whether he knew them or not, hud
been set aside by tbe people, and the provi
dence of God had elevated Mr. Tyler. John
Tyler called Abel Upshur, a distinguished son
of Virginia, to his councils. They entered into
correspondence with the Minister of Texas,
but just when the plan was being consum
mated a mysterious Providence removed Mr.
Upshur by the explosion on board the Prince
ton. John C. Calhoun took his place, and in
fourteen day. the treaty with Texas was signed
and ready for execution. This treaty not only
rescued Texas from Abolitionism, but if Lord
Brougham was right, rescued the whole South.
Hut these gentlemen who made ihe treaty
could not execute it. Just then a Presidential
nomination was to take place and this great
question eutered Into it, Mr. Van Buren and
Mr. Clay came out on the same against tbe ad
mission of Texas, aud the treaty failed. But
there arose a voice of indignation throughout
the land which resulted in the destrnction of
both these men. Tbe change was ao great
that at tbe next Congress the treaty was ra
tified, only three days before President Tyler
vacated bis office. The next President desir
ed to recall the messenger With tbe treaty, but
was too late. Texas was then admitted, and
the act of admission provided tbat sbe might
be divided into live slave Suites. At that
time there were twenty-six States in the Union
—the North and South having thirteen each—
and out of territory there were five to be add
ed to the North. They already had a majori
ty of the House of Representatives and there
was no further need of an addition to
their power. If this state of things bad re.
mained, the balance of power would bave been
continued; but, unfortunately, tbe next year
tbe Mexican war took place, and the Wilmot
Proviso was attached to an appropriation bill
providing that no money should ne expended
for the acquisition of territory from Mexico in
which alnvery should exist. Southern states*
men were opposed to acquiring more territory,
but were overruled, and the next question was
whether the territory for which ths South had
fought should be denied to her citizeus;
whether, after ssnding our men to the plains
of Mexico, fighting its armies and assailing
iv fortresses, ths North should say to usjrou
are slaveholders, you cannot enter here, well
might the South make n stand against this.—
The Wilmot Proviso was only defeated by
mnnoruvering in the Senate, for it did pass in
the House of Representatives, in form, but the
Senate returned tbe appropriation bill wi:bout
the Proviso, and it named.
In IM7 yo« PMsed a resolution in this body,
that if, in disregard of ths spirit of ths Mis
sourl Ctotaprumias, the ftnrful iwue were
forced upon the oountry, by the adoption of
the Wilmet Proviso, the people of Virginia
"uld have no diflteuilr to "**<"•* *L*T« U
abject submission or resistmw»totheltest ex.
tremity. When wu snw Virginia take this
•tend, ws knew that tha country wa* safs;
KlThlve aoTdoubt that it did defeat the
wfhUrPronsa ia ths Rsnate. *"■?»*
Carolina, as soon as ws saw jm «*«**■•*•
adopted reeolstloo. of a ■*"»'
1 adeed. ia one breach or our Legislature, I
wartMaaiicai. TH» twa* wl* s*lnit» wm
signed te IMB, nnd thsu came the struggle to
organize the new Territory. A committee was
appointed 1a the. Senate, composed of unequal
number of Northern nnd Southern Senator.,
to divide the property equally betweea the
two sections— a proposition wblcb no man,
with any sense of justice, could hays objected
to.
(Here was read the statement by Senator
Clayton of the proceedings of this commit
tee, in which an account of tbe defeat of the
proposition for an equal division is givdn.and
also the defeat of the proposition to leave the
question to the Supreme Court.]
It was then that Virginia passed her resolu
tions of 1649 relative to the adoption of ths
Wilmot Proviso, which were seen by South
Carolina and adopted by her. In the mean
time a new President was elected, who di
rected Lis military Governor in California to
organize tbe Territory, giving everybody—
Lascars, Chinees and whoever might be there—
tbe right to be called together and say what
direction the property of the United States
ought to take. And this body met and de
cided that no shivery should be per
mitted within the Territory. The Wil
mot Proviso had been defeated in Con.
gress, but the President by bis ipse dixit,
passed it through California. Now, we of
South Carolina, thougbt tbat the Constitution
of California was in fact the Wilmot Proviso,
and that being put in force, was tbe -ame as if
the Wilmot Proviso bad been ab initio, the
work of Congress. We thought tbat its going
in to operation was sufficient cause for ssassa lea
under tbe Resolutions of Virginia, and sup
posed tbat in going forward we were mere
ly leading the column of an army already
made. Prohibiting tas the District
of Columbia was dtnawful. If it is un
lawful tbere; if it be a sin—which is the
trouble—is it not immoral aud improper
to sell slaves from one State to another I—
Seeing these measures of 1 .30, we disavowed
them and called a Convention, and a very large
majority of the peopieol South Carolina would
bave been iv favor of secession, if tbe other
States would have given their countenance to
the movement. But again Virginia adopted
resolutions requesting us of South Carolina
to desist Irom the meditated secession. We
did desist, and at great pain. We had sup
posed thai we were sustained by Virginia. We
had to go around and canvass tbe State and
stop ber from secession, and wben the Con
vention met it declared it inexpedient to se
cede. The Southern States, except Sou th Caro
lina, accepted the Compromise measures.—
What has been the result I Let us go a step
further and we shall soon see. Tbe next mea
sure for adjustment was Kansas. The South
had been quieted and matters remained in statu
quo. Gentlemen from the North said let us take
ibis whole matter out of Congress, and we
shall have peace, and the Kansas-Nebraska act
was passed, declaring that when a State was
admitted to the Union it should be left to the
people to regulate the institution of slavery
according to their will. At the same time the
Judicial arm was interposed. The Dred-Scott
•decision was rendered, and those interested
were impressed with the belief that the vexed
question was settled. But what do we see '
Abolitionism spreads into Emigrant Aid So
cieties, and a war is waged which, had it
been nearer Virginia or South Carolina, would
have been widespread. It was put down by
federal troops, but the bloodhounds were
trained there to be let loose on the soil of Vir
ginia. We find that the Kansas-Nebraska act
has driven Kansas away from us. The
repeal of the Missouri Compromise came
too late for the South, for the North refused to
concede to her tbat portion of territory South
of 3w :>(>. and declared that it should remain
open. They have, too, taken from Texas what
is equivalent to anotLer State. Now, gentle
men, we are standing with the two sections of
the country face to face with each other. The
North in the territories says not a*laveholder_
shall have protection for his property there
in; and within a few days past Nebras
ka has passed an act prohibiting our in
stitutions within her limits. We are di
vided by a geographical line—they having
no sympathy with us, or we with them.
Gentlemen, contrast the position of things
now with what they were when a small party
of Abolitionists gathered around Birney as
their candidate for President. This party has
been used by the ether political parties of the
North, uutil at last it bas taken the power in
its own bands. Look at the last Presidential
election. Were we not in doubt ml the last
moment, whether we should not have to
take a step wbichwe yet may have to take I
Pennsylvania was taken from tbem by
the good genius of Mr. Buchanan aud
his friends, and they were defeated.—
But it is merely a respite. Shall we wait till
the locks of the Sampson have grown again,
or shall we now erect barriers against his en
croachments 1 If any man reckon thatduring
the present generation there will be a change
in the sentiment of the Nortb, he reckons
badly. Let him look at the cause. It has
been produced by the whole system of educa
tion of this generation. At the North books
have been given tbeir children to teach them
by pictures and words to abbor slavery. In a
public school in Philadelphia there is alec
ture given weekly upon the subject of slavery.
They know that the women give tone to the
next generation, and tbey take possession
of the minds of tbe young ladies even in tbeir
school days.
Then comes the pulpit, where tbe impres
sions of ihis education ure made a religious
belief. Tbe third element is the press—that
great third power which scatters its abuse of
our institutions so profusely that tbe child,
from the time he hears the earliest words from
his mother's lips, is taught to believe that
slavery at the South causes every mansion to
resound with the lash, and that our slaves are
treated as cattle and chattel, and that no inter*
est is taken in tbem or care exercised for them.
Now, where is there a stopping point—a bar
rier you can bring against this tide. You had
a barrier as long as the South had an equal
vote in the Senate. But how do we stand
now! There are fourteen of us against
eighteen of them, putting Delaware in the po
sition of a neutral. In the Government we
had checks to secure equality, but the
Senate is lost and the House of Repre
sentatives is lost. Gentlemen may say we
have tbe Judiciary. Why, men die and
the Judiciary may change, the appoint
ing power haviug gone from ns. The only
thing that stands there still is the President.
Can he be elected by a minority f A line be
ing drawn, does it oot carry the power of the
Government with the majority side of the
linel When they have Presidentand Judiciary
and the Government under control, they are
masters. There was something in being gov
erned by a people with the prestige of the
English. Even in Russia tbe Emperor loves
one part of his Empire as well as another;
but in our Government the party controlling
would be one that hated the section that con
tained the institution of slavery. Tbere is
not one State, outside of Texas, that could
gain admission to the Union with slavery, and
if Texas were to divide to-morrow, the States
would urn be admit ted without great difficulty.
If uot a single guaranty is left us, is this the
Union which we entered t Now, a Union
without a Constitution, is adead Union, and
we have not a Constitution. The Union we
entered in lTfT— though South Carolina thinks
it a hard bargain—she will abide by; but that
is not the Union of to-day.
Tbe Roman Republic lasted long after the
Constitution waa dead,and in the days of all the
early Emperors, the form of the Constitution
prevailed, and the ceremonies partook of the
better days of Cincinuatus. Let us ascertain
what is tne substance of our Constitution.
[Here tbe Clerk react tbe preamble to tbe
Constit uion of the United States.]
Let ns see how far the Constitution, as now
administered, is the Constitution that was
adopted. Let ns listen to the bowl that foi*
lowed tbe execution ef the malefactors at i
Harper's Ferry. Does that show tbat "a more
perfect Union " exists 1 A more perfect dis
union could not exist. In tbe early history of
Greece there was no law for the punishment
■ icide. The crime was not known. So
with the tax on neighboring States in
'aion, and so Presideut Bucbauan re
hat be could delend the Union, but not
it marauders from neighboring
The Federal Government took
away your army and your navy,
but gave you no substitute for them. It did
right, for it supposed a perfect Union would
exist, and there would be no invasion of one
State by the inhabitants of sister States, An
orator in Boston lately said that there is a set
tied hate at tbe North against slaveholders.—
Yes, there is a hate of the slaveholder, and not
a love of the slave. Tbe next element which
the Constitution proposes to secure, is the es
tablishment of justice. The object of justice
to to secure life nnd prosperity.
Now, what protection to life has been af
forded | The blood sptlton your own soil will
tell yon. What is the condition in regard to
property ? Tbey ure taught at the North
that it is a meritorious act to steal slaves, and
one of tbeir promicent men at Rochester says,
"defend tbe fugitive slave as yon would your
household gods." Tbe Union, instead of pro
tecting, has been tbe means of destroying onr
property. In eight Northern States we are
met by laws making it criminal to assist in re
covering a fugitive slave. Is this the protec
tion guaranteed by tbe Constitution I Tbe
next object was to " ensure domestic tranquili-!
ty." Mj presence here, and yonr troops nt {
Harper's Ferry, are evidence of the domestic
tranquility which prevails. It is this : It is
that they make every mean, of an noyance that i
makes ths Constitution worthless. It is for
this that I say wu have tha body without tho 1
soul—tha Union without ths Constitution.—
Ths Constitution has been sst aside, and ws
•*• •?**£ \* F"** 1 •• hjselsuf a Govsra- i
msnt which ba. noCkiß.tltuUou,or we meet,
iaast.ea.ooßtob-.tou,. ft. .*.*■*.
with Grant Britain wa declared that ws would
not be rulsd by a Government la which ws
had no power. We stand In the same position
now. We have lost onr position In the Union.
Onr rulers bate us. Tbey have no common
union with us. They have a Government
whose grant patronage is used todi videos, aad
carry off those who wonld be fathful to us.
I nave brought yon down to the proposition
that our Government Is In the bunds of those
wbo ure inimical to us, nnd tbat we have no
guarantees to check our adversaries. Now the
enquiry comes up, whether further guarantees
can be placed in tbe Constitution to make us
safe, or whether we shall set up a better gov
eminent. South Carolina says there are guar
an tees which sbe would have stood by, but
tbey are no better then waste paper. Ths
stronger side in Congress offers no compro
mise, nnd we most know that tbeir constitu
ents back'them, and the Union meetings at the
North do not make them recede one step. And
then tbe Union meetings. Would any of us
accept the platform of tbe Boston meeting I
Now, while I honor these men for standing up
ngainst the popular current in their commu
nities, we cannot stand with those wbo declare
slavery a sin, and wbo declare tbat not one
foot mora of slave territory shall be admitted
into this Union.
The question is whether each State shall act
for itself, or shall there be a consultation.—
Consultation can do no harm, and we ure
willing to abide by It. We are calling for all
to come forward to hear your views and give
ours. Can you refuse us f We have desisted
from secession because you requested it.—
Seven years have passed. Yon waited because
you thought there wonld be peace. We And
that you have waited, ia who
favor remaining In tbe Union catTWtdf "Uiett
propositions to a conference. In the first place,
we can arrange for bringing parties together
in the South ; nnd is not au undivided front
most desirable ? The great question, howev
er, is, shall tbere be amendments to the Consti
tution 1 It litis proved worthless to the South.
Can we not make another I If you propose a
convention of all tbe States to amend tbe
Constitution, would it not be better for the
South to confer as to what those amendments
shall be.
And if it comes to the last, is it not better
that the South shall be together I Many
amendments have been proposed. One for two
Presidents of the Confederacy ; another, and
probably more feasible one, is to bave two
chambers of the Senate—a Northern and
Southern chamber—aud when sectional ques
tions come up no action can be had unless the
two concur. It would give a check upon the
Senate. Tbe question of division of territo
ry could be a subject of discussion in the
conference, and so, too, might the means
of making the Northern States repeal their
obnoxious Fugitive Slave laws be consider
ed. Tbe commercial independence of tbe
South could be deliberated on.
In the great crisis of 1857, the whole cause was
speculation at tbe North, and tbe result was
the reduction of one-third in the products of
the South. And why sbonld we not be com
mercially independent ? Why not transact our
own trade ? What does Virginia gain with
.non-intercourse resolutions if the ports of
Newbern and Beaufort, and others in the
South be left open { Wo wish to unite. We
wish to bring ourselves closer, and to let the
South move together, whether iv or out of tbe
Union. We freely declare that we believe
me-isures in behalf of the Union are unavail
ing, but we are willing to go with our breth
ren of the South. (Applause.)
The last view of this question I shall take
is that bearing on our common defence. We
do not consider it just, tbat you, here on tbe
frontier, ihould bear tbe war for all your
brethren. Nothing would please our young
and old men better, than to take part iv your
battles. (Applause.) Measures agreed to in
a common conference for the common bene fir,
would be agreeable to all. In ibe Revolution
the object was to send a few men to consult to
gether, each State reserving its power, and
only acting when its judgment dictated it
should act. Can we not do this much?—
Some one State might leave the Union,
and will we not bo obliged to follow I
And will it net be better before being driven
to action by accident, to govern our move
ments l.y mind? Let those who are disposed to
go fast drop their pace and go slow, but let all
go together. Some may say you propose meet
ings, and revolutions follow. To such I would
say, was that revolution wrong. If we are right,
the conference will lead to right, and if
we are wrong, we can correct our error.—
So I say now let the comerence consider it,
and If it is right to leave tbe Union, can leav
ing it be wrong I Can anything be accom
plished without risk I If' we risk to win,
must we not risk to lose ? If we are to strug
gle for our liberties, we must act for our
selves! If we ought to leave tbe Union, tbe
conference will say so. We must take our
chauces, and if we intend to be free we must
strike for it. And may the supreme God that
has ruled over our destinies for good, guide
your counsels to such a course as may be for
tbe best advantage of tbis old Commonwealth,
and for the good of our common country.
GENERAL ASSEMBLY UF VIRGINIA.
SENATE.
Thursday, Jan. 19,156).
The Senate met at. 12 o'clock M., and was
called to order by Lieut. Gov. Mostaocx.
The following resolutions of inquiry into
expediency were adopted, viz.: Of authorizing
the Richmond and Charlottesville Turnpike
Company to issue preferred stock to au
amount uot exceeding $ 12,01)0; of reporting a
bill for compensating Philip Keek, Esq., of
Monongalia county, for services as Attorney
for the Commonwealth pro fees.
Bills Reported. —The following bills were re.
ported from committees: For tbe relief of the
securities of E. M. Underwood, (ou motion
recommitted to the Committee on Finance and
Claims:) amending the Ist section of tbe Act
passed March '27,185b, authorizing the issue of
a coupon bond to G. Buckingham A Co., in
place of one lost.
Petitions. —Tbe following petitions were pre*
sented and referred: By Mr. Thomas, of Fair*
fax, tbe petition of S(H) citizens of tbe county
of Fairfax, and tbe action of the Couuty
Court of said county, requesting tbe Legisla
ture toallow Jos. E.Munroeand Jas. W. Jack
son, who captured and arrested, without the
limits of tbe State of Virginia, a person charg
ed with circulating Helper's "Impending
Crisis," in said county, the amount of their
recognizance torfeited by a non-appearance to
answer said charge ; by Mr. Lynch, the peti
tion of the citizen-* of Lynchburg and of
Campbell county, fora charter for a railroad
from Lynchburg to some point on the State
line between North Carolina and Virginia.
Refunding Money.— Thefollowingresolutiou
was offered and adopted:
Resolved, by the General Assembly. That the
Auditor of Public Account, bo directed to place to
the credit of the first sureties oi Enoch M. Under
wood, bite Shoritl' of Cabell county, tbe sum of
S7OO paid tbe sth of March, 1850; also, the sum of
1.420 11, raid the rust day ol' Jul . 185 C.
At half-past I*2 o'clock, a message was re
[ ceived from ihe House of Delegates, tbat it
was then ready to receive the Seuaie, in pur*
suauce of previous arrangement, to listen to
an address from Col. C. G. Mk.mmi.nukk, Com
missioner from South Carolina. The Senate
proceeded thither iv a body, beaded by its ser
-1 geant-at-arms, presiding officer and clerk.
Further California News.—The San
Francisco papers of tne *2<ith ult., report tbat a
large number of vessels were due at that port,
whicb tended to increase tbe indisposition to
operate. No change in business was expected
till after New Year.
Tbe grape crop of California was less this
season than during any season since I .Vl,
. owing to the frost and bad weather. There
was but little doing at the Indian Creek mines,
( although several claims on the Creek and its
' tributaries continue to yield well and proba
bly will for a year or two longer.
The quartz mining is still going ahead.—
Both the Leskigin and New York Companies
are doing well.
Tbe Russian corvettes Uyander and Navock
Were to leave San Francisco on January 17th,
intending to return via New York.
Tbe Fortland(Uregou) Advertiser of tbel7ih
of December nays the United States steamer
Massachusetts, bound to Vancouver's Island
with the soldiers who lately occupied San
Juan, was detained ut that port by ice.
Sandwich Island dates are to December 6th.
i More than hall of the whalers bud gone out,
some few to return in tbe spring for provl
sions.stc. The shipments maltingure estimated
L nt 0,7:10 barrels ot whale oil, and s* ,twi pounds
of bone, a Urge decrease from the nsusl
I amount.
AGonAVATnD Casa ov Muanau.—Welhave
noticed the murder, in New Orleans, of Au.
guate Dro .by Hermogene Peri. The testimo
ny at the Coroner's inqueet shows it to hays
been aa aggravated case of murder. Tbe wife
of Droz heroically sprang between tbe mur
derer and her husband, but the villain eon
tinned his butchery, hacking ths body nfter
the death-blow bad been given, nnd dashing
aside ths wife, who bravely attempted to
wrench tha weapon from him. From the evl>
denee reported in ths papers, we cannot dis
cover that tbere was any provocation for the
net. Tbe jury of Inquest rendered ths follow,
lug verdict :-Tbat deceased came to his death
byn stab wound lv tbe leftside, betweea the
fourth aad ttfth ribs, penetrating the heart;
said wound baring ansa inflicted with a dirk
about atus inches lone, in the bunds of ous
Hemogeae Perl, oa the dth of January but,
aided aad abetted by Mum. Peri, his mother,
after the foot." The Delia says that the real
,"022&S. d JSW
PRICE ONE GHSIT.
TIB LAWBBRCB MIAMI!.
m6*K INCLDENTB AND IMPOSTArV
TESTIWWT.
Ths day of humiliation aad prayer at law.
rencs, Macs, la uecordnnce wtth the Mayan
proclamation, was aa occasion of deep eolem.
nity. Services were held lv the churches, sad
businsss gsnsially wun suspended. From
our Boston exchanges we gushsr sosss Ihrther
particulars of ths horrible msssacts OT walla
slaves ia the Pembertoa Mills:
two rixesas aaoovuaaD.
It will bs remembered that la our necosnt
of ths incidents, we detailed the story of Mrs.
Betsey Kelley, who wus held fast to tha rains
by two lingers of ber right hand, while all tho
net of ber body was free. The flumes np
{irosehed so rapidly that sbe could uot ha re
eased. She witb one maddening and desperate
effort, extricated herself ns ths flames were
upon ber. She was saved and is now doing
well, bnt her two fingers were left behind in
the burnipg ruin. Yesterday afternoon as tho
workmen were engaged ia separating two
heavy timbers which were joined together, tbey
noticed a small piece of mutter fall ont ns Ac
beams came apart, and the piece being picked
up, proved to be the two fingers which were
torn from the band ofvMrs. Kelley. Their ap
pearance was most horrible. They were black
ened with smoke nnd dirt, bat very little
burnt. Even tbe finger nails ure still perfect.
One can perbnps judge of tbe agony sbe en
dured in effecting her escape, when wosay that
with ths fingers camw eaCtbe cot*_\V*k her
band, extending ton lengt h>*vM«l*'e the
wrist. These cords are now attached to tho
lingers, and are not burned at all.
bodies rbcovuubd.
Some of tbe scenes at City Hall on Monday
were agonizing In tbe extreme. One of tbe
bodies deposited in the deed room had the
head and arms nearly burnt off, wbile the
trunk was, comparatively, uninjured, witb
the exception of lower extremities. It was re.
cognised by a widow, named Burke, as tbat of
her daughter Mary, aged 17. The agony of
tbe poor mother was such as to draw tears
from all beholders, and she left tbe City Hull
wringing ber hands and exhibiting every
mark of agonized affection.
Tbe amall fragments of a body found on
Saturday have been identified by the dress as
tbat of Lorinda Gilsou, 13 years of age, who
worked in the spinning-room. Tbe fragments
found Sunday are those of Ellen Conner.
In another case a bewailing mother recog
nized a blackened mass of flesh and bones by a
portion of tbe dress about it. as her daughter,
Bridget Gal lan, 13 years old. Her sorrow was
almost frantic.
SHOCKING SPECTACLE.
On Monday, while nt work among tbe ruins,
the laborers found the top part of a female
head, with the hair all perfect, and even glossy,
and upon it and over all a light silk netting.—
No other part of a body was found near, aud
it is a marvel how this slight fragment could
be so perfectly preserved, and uo other part of
either body or dress but what was scattered in
ashes. It is thought tbat iv the fall the top of
this poor creature's head may have been
chopped oil by some heavy substance, and
falling some distanceaway from tbe main por
tion of her body, been preserved wbiie all else
perished.
MISS MAKGAHKT TURNER.
Miss Mare .ret Turner, reported among the
missing at Lawrence, belonged to Rockport, I
Mass. Sbe was the eldest daughter of Leonard
Turner, who was on board tbe frignte Consti
tution during the last war with England.—
About two years ago Miss Turner married a
mm named Sargent, captain of a fishing ves
sel out of Gloucester, and on tbe day of tbeir
wedding h. sailed for George's Banks, and tbe
vessel was lost with all on board, on the same
day in January as that of the tailing of tbe
mill. Miss Turner, after the loss of her hus
band, assumed her maiden name and sought a
situation in tbe Pemberton mill. Sbe was
seen alive underneath the ruins by one of the
operatives, and they spoke together before the
lire broke out.
RELIEF FOR TBE SUFFERERS.
Contributions for the relief of Ac suf
ferers coutinue to be made. It is estimated by
Mayor Saunders that the necessary outlay for
the sufferers will be nearly $2,01X1 a week. The
Mayor, in a letter addressed to the citizens of
New York, says:
'* Three thousand months would now be cry
ing for bread, were it not for the generous aid
of the public. Widows and orphans, and pa
rents made childless by this terrible calamity,
are thrown upon the mercies of the world.—
What we shall do, or how we shall eventually
get through, God only knows. Theevil Is not
lor a day, but for a generation. Little chil
dren, who in some instances bave not only
lost lather and mother, but elder brothers and
sisters, have to be brought up, led, clothed and |
educated. Scores of adults are maimed and
crippled for life—many will linger along for v
little while, and then die. Each and all must
be provided for and made comfortable. Tbe
knowledge that warm hearts are everywhere
sympathizing wi'.h us helps to lift the cloud
that is shutting us up in the darkness almost
of despair."
HOW THK RUTHS TOOK FIRE.
John Crawford testified before tho coroner,
on Monday, as follows : j
1 knew how the fire took; it was between
nine and ten o'clock; I was there helping to
assist; my daughter was tn the ruins, and I
was looking for her; I got part way into the
weaving room and was stopped by tbe ruins;
at the timeof the tire I was ou the ruins, when
a young man came up and asked me to hold a
lantern; I held it for about ten minutes, when
somebody asked for it, took Hand went down;
he came back and said there was a deep hole
tbere which went down to tbe card room; be
went down again and I said, "For God's sake
don't go there witb that light; he went, bow
ever, and in going down, struck the lantern on
some limber on the right hand side; when be
struck the lantern it broke nnd immediately
tell; I shouted " tire," and stooped down to
pull him out; he was on fire himself, and the
tire was spreading like gunpowder; I ran for
our machine, and we got it out and went to
worn; the tire took near tbe centre of tbe
building, near tbe duck factory; the lantern
was a common square one, with metalic top,
bottom and corners, in whicb four squares of
glass were set; it was not protected by the
usual guard around tbat style of lanters;
it is carried by a very large flat ball, to hang
considerably upon the arm; a small square
lamp of metal, witb a single burner, supplied
with burning fluid, rested upon the bottom of
tbe lanteru, and gave the light.
THE CORONER'S INQUEST.
On Monday two witnesses k testified very]
strongly to the unsafe condition of the_ build
ing.
John Crawford testified to the fact that tbere
bad been a large crack iv one of the walla ever
since tbe buildiug waa erected. This crackrau
R whole ci.d of the building; also, to tbe
g of tbe third story of tbs building, and
various expedieuts which were resorted
itreugtheniug it—generally done on Sun-
He considered the building unsafe, ss.
y wheu tbe mill was iv motion,
amiu Harding, a carpenter, employed j
by the company, testified to tbe factof ilia ratt
ers useu iv tbe building having been originally
cut too short, so that many of tbem rested only
three inches in the walls. He considered tbe
building altogether too weak for the weight of
the machinery put iuto it. He hod examined
tbe ruins, but saw bo signs of tha settling of
tbe foundation.
WHERE IS MRS. CHILD 1
The New York Express says:
A frightful number of poor women—young
girls tbe most of tbem—are still lying
half dead and iv most excruciating agonies in
the City Hall, at Lawrence, Mass. These poor
women need kind nursing and gsntle words to
smooth their passage to tbs tomb. Where, oh!
where is Mrs. Lydia Maria Child I Can only
murderers, horse thieves and traitors stir ber
Spathic* I Wby is sho uot, at tbe bedsides
less ill-fated sufferers I Is It because they
st ber own sex I or beeanse it is their mis.
une to be while instead of black f
OUTRAGE ARD SCMXABT PIXISHIfKHT.—
The Natchez papers bring accounts of the re.
cent outrage, ia tbat place, upon the person of
a child, tbe daughter of a respec table si linen.
The Courier says : i
This assault was in open day, upoa one of
onr frequented streets, aad of tho aost aggra
vated character. It aroused tho sympathy
of all classes for the young girl aad her feint,
ly, nnd hot pursuit was at ones mads byal.
most every good citizen to arrest tho scoun
drel. By mistake, however, aa innocent ana
wus first incarcerated ta jail, bat ho was
promptly released as soon us the real villain
wus Identified.
A person by tho aame of Charles Stasltser
m ** * fl,r *» rtl cwaredsa tho oao to whoa tho
Tit J l _ J . asr ****** attach. Mo had mads hat way
to Vldalia, baths aras there pursued by a crowd
of citizens. Here he slipped hia persnera, end
attempted to escape by crossing again to Nat. I
ehex. In this ho wan not successful.
We have already announced that aa tha
evening ef tho l«th Inst., tha popuhkos bbbssb
bled in a groat crowd, ard marched deliberate,
ly to the jail, took tho prtsoaar from his cell,
ar.d bung him la ths court-house yard.
V. 8. Srif FaasAOQfcß—This hunt aad
handsome war vsssol arrived at Norlbl k oa
jmmsilj of
will inks her «agl as onboard there or prosssd
3BwUpDJHJpm>UU J^J«l^PaJlS|9_B*
tl itelUS MM 111 SWSSS l«(IH1H»
i iiiim ■■•■*—mmfiwMW—be,
i....~ ti iiMi.isn' "tir.-, 1 ! » *. »'S'i waeesff».
__,_,_, _ , _~ _____ *wa hta9a4Ulf.t
- r._ .... . .1 ■. '■' **' ' t '" l *'*'* li. Mil
for MagnaHe TekurempA U~___Q*m, ** tmnpttr
... t __ tm***tMr l_-.i_' T ;^____i._ 1 _. •
LATu riotr iroioyt. ;
ARRIVAL Of THE AKOUI *•,TfflMni•
PoaTLAUo, Jan. ls.-fhs tssi»» j M((jd»
Saxon arrived at 11 o'etoeu this
English dutss, rlu ..usssassna, a> ttoaftM ttt *
thsathlust. -.- ~_.,- . jijuu.e
Tho Loadea Times aad other jourunlaaaf..
appearances Indicate that the gummas.aTtfrsr
grtss will be sbaadonsd, but the TuatsrMfli -
conflrmaUou. _____ .____'____■■ ____
The EmperorWurxillia aafc.paiHi issssb
nt tbe diplomatic dinner oa New Toss* ism ,
Vtcieat storau have occurred iatha Wasttih ,
ObaansL
bound from Savanaah tor J*_*T_&*\,<__*__}**.
tally wrecked. Tfcn eaptalh *_Ti«_» arthr>
crew wore saved. . -_!*•—^iL- *
It la reported that tho *W£m <*.**•*¥•
been assured that the "»ueh. taltod-ofaaau£Jal ; ,
will pot bs.tbe programale.ef the FtsdehtWH
ernment. It produced a \*m\mft-mmm§y*nmtma
Tbe latest uueouata fXx tho sasetlac Bt\-*mt ,
Congress for tho l*th» , - __, _________ ____ i
The London limes sn»s the Ul(_l»t _*»
Mexican treaty Is re tided \r_r ***_*________***
Senate, the ludependeaeee«JlealeolaaaaJ|d. i
The Spanish fleet >
Ish eneauipsasus, hut wsfwjagissd wMlk •
• il_fng, .£re defeated br Oeusrsl [
losing 1,500, while tbe Spanish lo—Wsssm "*•■
From Italy,Klsstated that Gsa. diissa, •
tbe commander of the French hwaso a» .
had been summousdla haste tuFfrt*. _•____. d
Vienna letters say that the feeling la Aas
tria was unfriendly to Francf.
PaWs-M. Thouveual has been aruslsrtsd
to tbs French Cubiust, in utseeofWalat|aMi _
OOMMSnOIAL. I , _______ s_
LivxarooL. Thursday.-QpVtm closed fern wig..
an advancinx tendency. BreeSwuO \\\\\\\\**m___*-•
Provision, anist- Sscar *\xm__ Codss saisj. _tm__ ..
sin firm at 4s. 4d.*4s. 6d. Tnr a* ut ins stssdf St
S3*.«d.eSfe. __ .. ' ..__.'. . '
Lokmik in nettvu ausssd
Consols m, i9oi. ...
Messnge ef the Beveruer ef Leulslawsr. "'
N«w Okl«ahs Jan. It.—The aoimaM'li •
Message to tbe Legislature reeomßsenae taut
the State be prepared to moot **_*_*_"*"__*•
sisters in Convent ion, la eaee of csrtajuasa*
tingencies; favor, retaliating on the bosUUUas
of, the North by n high license
mtnufnciures, amounting ion ■
The House has passed pointed rssOWttsaa,
declaring that the Harper's Ferry I * u, JsJJi_*
attack ou the rights of the South, saowing
the ho.tilitv of the North, nnd thntthaoMS
tion of a Republican President would m** >
canss of a severance of the Union. *
Proceedings ef Ceagress.
WAsmwoTO*, Jan. 10.—S«uat«.—Mr. «o»*
g'-x*' bill for the protection of slnvsiTr in tas
Territories, was mads the special order sue
Monday. „ _, ■ l
Tbe Senste adjourned to Monday.
Hun ««.-No ballot waa taken for Speaker.
During the debate the fact was elicited taut
a number of Southern Democrats hud agsasa
by nil Farllaßssntary stratagems *» N*"* »
vote on tbe plurality rule, believing It nncon
stitntlonal. . .
Arrivnl ot the Overluud Mull.
St.Locis, Jan. 19-Tbe Overlandl mall has
arrived with later San at
Four Britißb msn-of-war *•»• sapss.ua as
Victoria to reinforce Admiral Bains.
Miners from Upper greater RlTerreport
rich gold discoveries; some of the miners ana
made «'2,OW) In three weeks. _ -
The Dollee (Oregon) J o " r °*J.*?__J *2r
simultaneous arrivals tbere confirmAsst*£
ments ns to tbe richness of the mines ta Jtmw
Affairs ia Kuasas.
LEAVCTWOBTH, K. T., Jan. **--'**• *_^_\\
Legislature baa adjourned sine *"i___™JP*£i
undemanding being that tho wW^**" l
Immediately convene it by special pi usinma
'The difficulty arising from an adjournmsnt
to Lawrence was considered settled.
Nerthera Markets.
Bai.timobb, J»n. tt.— Flour dull— Howned lllb
Whs J ftrm-iood white . I.4ft. Corn^ ,
and vellow73er«. l»roviaionß»nnehangsd.
key 26 cents. '
Nbw Yoßß.Jan. 19-Cottoa *!*Wm_*-*____*__™
slw bales; Iplandall',. Flour declined ftoeste-
Southe.rn #6Wef6.75. Wheat euist--BOUtbsrj
white «le)s»ai«. Corn ben«r--senr mmtA. . eM
•OjM. Pork firm-o'd mess fldM. sew J»lUl
,'d prime Whisksj_*"»**»>< *_, "r
ll^rlJ 5 .. Turpentine dull »t 44 ... Jteaia *».-•*
81 61. Rice firm. Stocks hays a downward tsu
denty. Virginia fsUKj. __^ j _
SPECIAL NOTICIiB.
■___Rheumatlsm. HHEUMATISM
RHKUMATIBM CD ffife^^#Nr\?-
RITKHMATISM-Csomln Canot. Z. I
RHKUMATISM-lnflammatotr. Jamss IfeUth. I
RIIK.I MATISM-JarretPlummer.
RIIF. TMATIf* M-» .uonie,Wm. Tajlor.
RHKHMATISM-BauMislFsrwror.- ~
RHKI MATISM-Ilad it lft »sars,F. JwAwii
R H X I'M ATISM-Had it IS jreara.Steeaen Tafltr.
RA hUMATI»M-Had it II -rears, A. KNshsa.
RHKI'MATIBM-M. CUhns. ._,** . _ -.
RHEUMATISM-JjihnWard. __________
RHFi7MATiSM-HBdHri>sam,sWnwl«nuHi <
RHKL'MATISM-KHwn- ___•_: *:-■■-,
HHRrMATISM-OWTGoodrick.
RHKUM ATISM-Hsd rt M ysars.«. *o#**_l m _.
T P_MALKS AND CIIILDRKN.-TMs TUW
TUREwillbefoundairsat medicine Tor all thsir
diseaaea. _____ _
BRAY, Baltimors; and by Drnssistt undjafh „
keepers everywhere, tl ser bonis |; six _*_____*+
•*. _ -r-- "v^
KA.A Araad Virglaia Place eery.— m nmm
four months .inoe, our excellent townsama.
Naphtali FztatirL, informed ns that he had.
prepared a hair restorer witb which be wssaJt*
perimentins upon bis own bead, wboss top wssasv
tirelv bald. We aaw him two days siaos, ssdsa
the place so ba>d four months since nßnesssS)sr>
hair ha. »pruo< up with a vtnorens IMfu> Ja.
oonvineed i. Mr, Kz.nai.of of \fmj_mp
cover) tb»t be lis. n«med it "Tllb I Bf hULltnABf
VIR<JIMA HAIR RBSTORKK.** Mr. E. is
.1 ..nt kotnn inu» aa sxunsivs mssufbetsrsef sa
article which isdeatinsd to erevs of an__*f>US mtr
tare.t to onr bald eatsd fnends.—JVeoi SffMßsad
Eneuirer, Doe. Uth, MM. . ■_, t i:•*■ t ,sl
Tiii» famous articls ess now bs bed _•.___»!___,
cipal Pru.'.i.u. Tboss persons wbo <m*_t_ta i mt_W
in; to printed direetioaeea thstottls. ibcssuha,
have any doubu of lv eflioacT e«a bars.IMBJJM
moved *b a short Unesbp sains tbs
HAIR RtßTOßKßTNFAl^rilXaroeiaalSai
Pin all that it ia claimed to ou.
Wholeaale depot far °gy»* > y < ______., K __'
I.N.
that I here he«a>tt for
Thia day sworn to before ass, jfi*|Sft **>•'■
We have ,**?**,,t__**2**\* Uh *______%
maading "Semsls's InfkHlMs laklag rowasts,*"
tbs virtues of wbisb ws hays sssa feKjt tasted, aad
think tbsm if na_sassnor»«o|as«|mi.
\ht prep-vrst.on bow isuas. Tbey are sold bf Irbf
Bes advsrtisaineut.iu our spssinl nutiss ssesjia
t_u**sMk
Mtinslu It
pffntH |n Mi Cm>%*m%VmXtJmm*m\
mm* M#ft t&v HP