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SOCIALISTS IN OFFICE (By National Soclalist Press,) Washington, May 13-The following list of towns, cities and states that have elected Socialist officials has compiled by W. J. Ghent, parl.y from press reports and partly from private Informatlon. It does not pretend to be strictly accurate. Socialists who are aware of any ommisslons or in accuracies In the list are urged to write at once to W. J. Ghent, 243 House Office Building, Washingto'i, D. C. The list as compiled shows 1 mem ber of Congress, 17 members of leg Islatures, 30 mayors or village heals and 225 other officials. ARKANSAS. Mena-1 alderman. CALIFORNIA. Berkeley-Mayor, 2 aldermen, 1 mem ber of board of education. Nelderland-Mayor, 3 town officials. Pasadena-Mayr. Rancho-1 school trustee. San Bernardino-Mayor (election con tested), I alderman. Sausaallto- 1 school truste. COLORADO. Cold Creek-3 trustees. Victor-Mayor, 4 city officials. IDAHO. Coeur d' Alene-Mayor, clerk and opl ice judge, treasurer and 4 aldermen. Pocatello- 2 aldermen. ILLINOIS. Beckemeyer-1 trustee. Belleville-1 alderman. Canton-4 aldermen. Davis-.-Mayor, 2 trustees. Granite City-Mayor, 2 aldermen. La Salle-I alderman. Marysville-Clerk, 1 trustep. Mattoon-1 alderman. O'Fallon-Mayor, marshal, superin tendent streets, 2 aldermen. Pana-1 alderman. Portland-C-lerk. Rockford-Park commissioner, 2 ald ermen. Spaldlng--Clerk, 6 trustees. IOWA. Belle Plaine-laldermaa. Colfax-1 member school board, 1 aid Colfax-1 member school board. 1 alderman. Muscatlne-2aldermen. KANSAS. Altoona-Police judge. Arma-)Iayor, police judge, 4 alder men. Columbus-1 alderman. Curranville--Mayor. Fredonia-3 aldermen. Fort Scott-City attorney, 3 aldermen. Girard-Mayor. Osage City-2 aldermen. Rosedale-1 alderman. " MASSACHUSETTS. 1 member of the Legislature. MAINE. Mechanics Falls-1 alderman. MICHIGAN. Boyne City-1 supervisor, 1 alderman. Flint-Mayor. 3 school trustees, 3 aid ermen. Greenville-Mayor, treasurer, 2 sup ervlsors, 2 constables, 2 aldermen Jackson-Mayor, 4 town officials. Muskegon-- alderman. Bouth Frankfort-Village j.esident, assessor, clerk, 2 school trustees. Wilson-Mayor, 4 town officials. MINNESOTA. Brainerd-3 aldermen. La Porte-Mayor. Ten Strike-Mayor, 3 town officials. Two Harbors-Mayor, 3 aldermen. MISSOURI. Cardwell- Mayor, marshal, B school trustees, 2 aldermen. Glbson-Mayor, 2 school directors. Maplewood-1 alderman. Minden-Mayor, marshal police judge, collector, 3 members board of educa tion. Mountain Grove-1 alderman. Westport-1 member of school baord. MONTANA. Butte-Mayor, treasurer, police judge, I aldermen. Helena-I alderman. Kallspel-1 alderman, Lewistown-1 alderman. Walkerville-1 alderman. NEBRASKA. Beatrice-Mayor. Broken Bow-1 alderman. .Havelock-Police judge. North Platte-Police judge, 2 alder men. Red Cloud-Mayor. Wymore-Clerk, treasurer, 2 alder men. NEW JERSEY. North Haledon-4 members school board. NORTH DAKOTA. I member of legislature. Devil's Lake-3 aldermen. OKLAHOMA. Coalgate-Assessor, 2 school direct ors, 2 aldermen. Krebs-2 aldermen. Harrah-Marshall, police judge. Mc Alester-2 aldermen. Wilburton-I alderman. PINNTYLVANIA. I member of the Lesglalture . SOUTH DAKOTA. Howard- I alderman. Texas. Dalhart-1 alderman. VERMONT. Bennington-City clerk. WASHINGTON. Edmonds-Mayor,c Jerk, treasurer. WISCONSIN. I member Congress. 12 Members of lower house and 3 Senators In Legislature. Brantwood-Town chairman, 3 town officials. Blroy-1 alderman. Grand Rapids-I alderman. Green Bay-Town chairman. Manitowoc-Mayor. Mellon-AsseeSor, controller. 1 aid erman. Milwaukee-Mayor, clerk, treasurer, attorney, controller. 2 Judges, 11 sup ervisors. 21 aldermen. County officials Ials, Sheriff, clerk, treasurer, attorney, coroner. Racine-PolicC Judge, 5 school super visors, 1 alderman. Sheboygan-1 school supervisor, alderman. Superior-1 supervisor, 2 aldermen. Whltewater-Police judge, 3 Consta bles, 1 alderman. BOILER INSPECTION LAW A FAKE The much advertised boiler Inspect ion law. It is now learned, has been put In the handg of the railroad cor poratlons for enforcement. It seems that the Taft adminiRtratlon had a railroad attorney prepare the list of requirements for inspectors as they bar from employment any man who is not at present an understrapper of the railroads. One of the qualifications is that the applicant must have been in the two years next preceding the date of application." Another is that he must be "0f good speech and manner, qualifled to address and confer with railroad officlals as occassion may re q%;re. These restrictions have been put in the application papers for the ob .lnous purpose Of keeping out of em ploymeat men who are on the rajl roads' blachllst but who would enforce the law. The Boiler Inspecion law in Inself is very poor. It provides for the em ployment of only fifty inspectors when It requires at least 300 to do the work properly. But what will this law amount to when the rail road companies practically choose the inspectors? And yet this law, if properly worded and end enforced, would prevent hundreds of deaths and he housands of injuries annually. This Is the way the capitaist Con gress protects labor. CHAMPION POSTAL CLERKB' Secretary Morrison of the American Federation of labor has appeared be ,'ommlttee on Reform in the Civil Service In advocacy of the Lloyd bill giving Government clerks the right to organise. IHe told of the wrongs inflicted on the postal clerks and how they are bound and gagged by an Executive order. He told of their efforts to organile and produced evidence show ing that the department has been die. mining and demoting men for join ing the new union. Second Assistant Postmaster Gener al Stewart admitted before the com mittee that the deparment is guilty of the charges made by Morrison. He claimed that a union in the postal service is "intolerable." Other friends of the postal clerks are expected to testify efore the com mittee Among them .: e Ilelprcpent atlves Bet,rer of Wslcons:n and Wil son of Ivtnnrylvania and B ithann. of 1:llnois President Nel.s* oT the Postedl ists union will al.io a leI-.s' th. c.',iit'ce. BERGER'S CHARGE Ph.Va7D The United States Senate ins tlly proving Representative Berger's charge that it has become an "ob structive and useless body." Since convening on Aprfl4, the Senate has been in session all told sixteen hours and wenty minutes. And now they have decided to convene at 2 p. m. Instead of at noon. If Berger could have his way the Senate would not be troubled to meet at all. NOTICE TO FARMERS All casses of labor as well a bus Luss and commercal Imuatutoms re ostanised into asmoiatioe to advance thia welfare.. .The larmers are he el.m that Is not organised for mutual protection. Even the beasts of the mild as well as the buman that preps on the armer Is orgmalsed self preteo6t tieo. It Is time that the farmer were organised into milous to semcue the beneoita and protection that ca anly be got by loers of numbers. Organise a farnmes ualon in yeta dls~trL Frther partculars ca be had by smdlna a heter of aIqngl bM Vnilom Famer. Boas e alesa Government by Commission (Continued from Pageo .) ments have, by their conastitm.es, decreed that legislatlve, executlvd and Judicla functions should be kept asp erate. Every corporation, conducted for private gain. retains in aboard of di rectors supervisory and legitative control over its executive depart ments. Every trades union or fra ternal society, conducted for benevo lent purposes, while conferring ad minIstrative powers to a few of its members, retains for the entir mem bership the power to direct its pol icles. Neither the capitalist class nor the working class, conducting their afatsir under conditions where their Lterests are identical, have deemed it wise to lodge both legislative and exeetilve functions in the same body of men. Ceralnly. in selecing officials for a clyt, where the Interests of these ele mernts in society conflict, It is legs wise to do so. regardless of which faction may secure the powers of govern ment. Individuals who have devoted their lives to study and pratice of land ecape architecture, civil engineerlng, sanitary conditions for cities and ex pert accounting, etc., usually are not good legislators. By training they are particularly fitted to make sug gestions relative to their own line of work, but especially unfitted to legis late for any department beside their own. As a matter of fact, however, the the experts which It has been codtead ed the commission form would at tract to Its departmental posltions, have failed to either seek or secure the offices. These are held na the majority of cases by old political war horses. ELQRTION AT LARGE. Another characteristic feature of the commislson form of government is the elimination of ward representation all of the commissioners being elteted at large. To the extent that our national apd state governments are composed of representives form all parts of the state and nation, giving to these bod ies a knowledge andl nsight into the ceonditions and desires of the people everywhere within their respective Jurisdictions. is it desirable that a city'e representatilon should also be composed of representatives from the various parts of the city. The remedy for existing evils-die. honest and corrupt officials--is not to reduce the number of officials nec essary to corrupt. It is to enlarge such number and bring tehm clos-r the people, as well as to remove the source of corruption, namely private ownership of public utilities. The comforts and conveniences in cldent to city life-transportation facilities, lighting, sanitation, police and fire protection, street sweeping and sprinkling--should be extended to all parts of the city In as nearly equal proportions as possible. Ward representation for legislative purpose is better assurance that this will be done. Under the exclusive election at large system the business and hon ton sections are reasonably assured that they wil receive an undue pro portion of such benefits. NON.PARTIIIAN FEATURE. Government by commission, in varl. ous degrees, also alms to be non-part. san. By removing the labels and ar ranging all candidates alphabetically or by lot, Republican and Democratio slnners are presumed to become non partisan saints. The public service corporations take an average of ten dollars per capita annuallly as profits on public service. To continue this plundering of the people they need franchises. They aim to evade all of the provisions In the franchise they now have that are in any way favorable to the people. It is to their Interest to have officals that wink the other eye. They are non-partisan. The gamblers and the vice-nier. chants, likewise, are non-partlsann. Their business is to plunder the e'opl,l of both money and morals by Illegal traffics. They want officials who ' ll fall to enforce the. laws for decency and moraity. It is to their Inter,-,t, as it is to the Interest of the publllic service corporations, to get candidaltes in the field whom they can use. ('en sequently these two elements In nc. lety pool their Issues. The alllilnre thus formed is a natural one. By the partisan method of nomnn ating candidates for public poalitons, either by prianry or eatwngon, the corporations an the reekhe are net always ammed of gettag candidates of their cheLke In the race. By the non-parisa seheme there absolute. ly no doubt about it. They select their own e.anddates Both of these factors have been in politics a long time. They know the came. They knew how to boost tor their own candidates among the tan noent bystanders. They subaldlie the press. Their chances of success are immeeaureably enhanced when they are pitting but one set of candl dates against a field of more or less T.Nure, but honest, Individuals, who must depend on their own Individual Ity and their own resources for thesuf rra;e of the people. The common people, those that are plucked and plundered by the above hrlments, do not need a political party to represent their interests. To suc resfully combat big vice and littl rice, not only candidates, but partl principles and party organisation are absolutely essential. I CELLANEOUS POVISUONL Other provisions usually contained in the commismlon form laws are the followlng: Initiative, referendum re call, civil service, publicity, etc. None of these features, however are essent Ial to the scheme. Jn all of the Ins tances that have come under the observation of the writer, the sections dealing with these reforms have been drafted by their enemies, and at best, aer merely the sugar-coating for a distasteful pill. Furthermore, they are ubject to repeal by the Igles lature. Provisions for the reforms enumer ated above are contained In many city charters as well as In several of the state laws, having a general ap plication, without requiring a sacri fice of democracy, ward represent. ation and the right to nominate can didates In whichever way, the people may deem best, as welli as the right to elect public officials. The Standard Dictionary defilse 'aristocracy" as "a form of govern ment in which the sovereign power is lodged in a council composed of select persons or nobles as the ruling class, without a monarch, and ex elusive of the common people." Government by commission is only another name for aristocracy. A WOiNAWN PLACE. By SWabeNt . Hwe., The followinlg i the fl=st in a ser ies of articles treating of waman's place in the various stages of humas developement For many years the right of women to vote on an equality with men has been urged by women of adavaced thought. These leaders have been called "Short haired women" and clas sed with long haired men. This is perfectly In acord with the policy of those, who unable to answer the argu ments advanced by aspeaker, try to bring her personality Into the discus. slon and through riducle becloud theII message that the speaker tries to de liver. During the past few years the movement for women suffrage has made considerable headway and has succeeded in gaining its object In some of the newer commonwealths. The query naturally arises "Why does woman want to vote?" What use will she make of the vote Itf It is granted her?" Will she use it wisely or will she from the naurally conser vative Instincts of her mex use It In be. half of reactionary legislation." The old argument that many women own property upon which they are compel led to pay taxes without being permit ted a voice as to what taxes shall be levied or how the money shall be spent after being collected, while sound In principle is not asufficient reason for the wholesale enfranchise ment of women. Ther are relatively few women who own taxable property, and their economic interests are the same as the interests of the masculine pro perty owners. There is no sex quest ion involved in property rights that would divide the voters and no clash of interests between male property owners and female property owners The most common, and to those who differ them the most convincing answers to all the claims of' the wo mena to equality with men at the bal lot box are, A woman's place Is In her home" "She has enough to do It she looks after her home and her •hldren," "Her place is at the fire side." The person advancing these Ideas is very much in the position of the men riding in a railroad oar with his back to the engine, he never sees anything until he has pasmed it, and cannot see anything int he direction In which he I/ travelling. And yet it is because it is true that a woman's Interest still center in the family that she is forced to take a posltion in public affairs in order to protect herself and her children. The ohahge In home life sqd home **edtleu s Mad tad-t1 4sm41 by the Idustrial reveltlen t the past e humired and fifty 'I7ers hem brought mewi problems late es.smoe or rather brought o problems late a mew aspect. The peoblems that oon. froted the wit. sad mother I. the pat were the same that oo.fre.ts her today, but the soluiens then were lmeple as the lite most people lived was alimple life. Our modern sooial and laeustrial prooemss ard so com plex sad so dfterett form the old Ute et a century or more ago, that new methodo must be evolved to fit the new conditions. You canot put new wine into old bottles The old social order cannot contain the new wine of the modern Industrial and commercial system In the midst of which we find ourselves] Old customs are giving way to new customs. Old habits of thought are being displaced by new ones. Old theories are being discarded and science and nvention have transform. ed our whole social fabric. The old sImple life has gone. The new com plcated life has taken its place The woman. her children, and her home have all been involved in thechange. To understand how vast hua been that change, what caused It. and what wo man can and must do to secure for Are you a Reader of THE MONTAYA NEW8 You are interested it its EDITORIAL POLICY. You read it for things that are NOT found In other papers. You read it because it is a SOCIALIST publica tion. You are interested in the SOCIALIST and LABOR CIRCLES. POINT OF VIEW. But you ought to know and you want to know more. You want to know all the NEWS of the Socialist You want to know and you onglht to know the significance of current events from a Socialist and Labor standpoint. To get this news you must read a DAILY paper with the SAME EDITORIAL8 AS THE MON TANA NEWS. There is such a paper. That paper is the (CHIICAOO DAILY SOCIALIST. It is different from other Daily papers. It is different BECAUSE It tells the truth. It is a workingmnan's paper. Its buainess is human Progress. It is PUBLISHED FOR THOSE WHO DARE TO THINK. If you are a Progressive Socialist, and want to keep in touch DAILY with what goes on in the World of Labor--want to feel the pulse of the en tire Socialist and Labor movement of America Mend in your subscription. MI'II('RIPTION RATES. 1 year..........$3.00 6 months.,....... $1.50 4 months........$1.00 1 month ......... $ .23 At least send in a quarter and try it for a month. CHI('AGO I)AILY SOCIALIST 207 Washington Street . Chicago, Illinois. Tn" ý=n~i ý ~~rn'v!. hwEW s." . w . ..r - QHAIWOI UISASI iir "r M rt ~ety P, ", ,ILL. herself ad the rase the etest ban. ont from the p hag the pst must be reviewed sad the preent uiderstood, and thean wmas with her new found power will suely take her place In the rake with thorn seeking to establlatth a better and hibgher ovl. isetlon than mankind has over known. (To be continued.) _AR5AROUS MErICO. This book by Jobh Keaneth Turner tolls the Truth about Dics and his American apitallst partners whit until now has been quppreed. It tells how men women and ovea children are bought and sold. worked to eath. starved to death, beaten to doath, all for the sake of PROFITS. This book* will help you to understand the news of the Meloan Revolution, whoih eves rapitallst papers are beginning to priat If you cannot afford the price ask for it at the nearest public library and urge others to do the same until the library buys It Etra cloth,. 540 pages, beddes twenty-five engrav lag from photographs Price, $1.50 ORDER PROM THE MONT. NEWS. Keep your eye on the Montana News, the Dreadnought of the work Ing clau.