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BISBBB DAILY REVIEW
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PAGES 9 TO 12 ;
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REGULAR MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS.
4V
VOLUME 13
BISBEE, ARIZONA, SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 11, 1910.
NUMBER 106.
tT
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I -
if
ERRORS IK MINE SAMPLING
Veil Known Authority Tells Why
Average Values of Ore Rarely
Meet Sample Fixtures
;.
" tBy L. D. Ricketts.).
All who mine so-called porphyry
crec are familiar with the reat dis
crepaney between the copper found
in h miner's grab sample and the act
ual average content of the ore. A
part of this discrepancy Is often ilut
to tile natural optimism of the miner,
but even -where trained samplers are
employed at the mines, my expert
ence is that tbe hand samples if the
cHbS of ores specified are richer than
the ere really is. These inaccuracies
have often led the larger producing
mines to install sampling works ade
quate fr the accurate determination
of the composition of the ores sent
to mill or furnace.
While the laws governing- the grade
of porphyry ores are complete it is a
common experience to find, in chal
coclte enrichments, that the extent of
fracturing and Assuring previous to
enrichment Is a function of the grade
of ore. It is also a act that a metal
lic or earthly sulphide is a more fri
able substance than a highly altered
rock. When such ores are being brok -
en they tend to break along joints
fissures and seams where chalcoclte
exists in more or less solid streaks,
and those portions of the matrix con
taining more disseminated metal tend
to crumble ana powder more than the
leaner rock. In special cases I have
seen ery pure and masshe bands of
copper glance in clay where this rule
would Bet apply. Such occurrence 1
however rare and does not obtain in
the class of ores to which I refer. A3
a consequence, it is usually, is not
alwavs, the case that the fines in ore
broken by Masting are much richer
than the coarse, and I have known of
cases where the fines of an ore below
1-8 In. uniformly a&say about double
tbe "grade of the true averageor the-j
fines and coarse combined.
The same principles are involved in.
groove sampling or in any other sys
tem where the ore Is broken by a
blow or shock and a parallel line of
reasoning suggests itself If an open
ing -that has been groove sampled is
examined it will be noticed that the
groove is seldom regular in size and
by running the hand in the groove the
irregular surface will be found to be
made up of hollows and humps. These
irregularities are largely due to vari
ations in friability and the tendency
of the rock to break along seams.
Groove sampling is essential in the
preliminary examination of developed
ground, but is is necessary to observe
a number of precautions. The face to
be sampled should be thoroughly and
vigorously cleaned to remove dirt sul.
phales and loose slabs. The groove is
cut' at an obtuse angle to any prevail
ing line of fracture. Ithlnk that not
less than 10 pounds of sample should
be taken to the linear foot of groovo,
and great care should be used to cut
ebout an equal bulk from each linear
foot. These precautions will tend to
reduce, not to efface entirely, the con'
stant of error, and the engineer must
look for a margin over costs and loss
es that will allow for a factor of safe
ty. The great advantage of drilling In
certain classes of deposits is recogniz
ed, and desirable rapidity in the devel
opment of prospects is thus obtain
able. But if what I nave said above
be true, the drillings will show a siml
lar factor of error. We cannot expect
a churn drill or any other drill to bore
& hole of uniform diameter in a rock
that Is not of uniform texture. The
hols will ravel, the softer and brittler
spots will tend to bore with a larger
diameter, whicb. will be assisted by
the swash of water. Possibly the set
tling of the heavier material will per
mit the larger opening to partly fill
with clay. The larger the bit the less
the error, but nevertheless a constant
error will occur.
Aa investor of my acquaintance re
marked that he had great confidence
in a' certain mine because the breast
camples taken from the pile averaged
closely with the breast samples taken
from the cars after loading. In both
instances It was a case of grab sam
pling, and the fact that the two series
tallied closely month by month only
indicates to me that they would show
about the same screen analysis and,
thereore, as both had the same con
stant of error they checked.
Assume a mine In process of devel
opment, but with no mill or reduction
works, and that the ground is drilled
first, aid afterward the drill samples
are partly chocked by drillng- 'under
the ore and rasing through the ore
zone on some of the holes.. Hound by
round the foreman takes a grab sam
ple aid when the raise is Unshed the
usual groove sample of 2 or 3 lb. to
the foot Is taken the fact that any
two, or all, of these sets of samples
checked would not Indicate to me
that the sampling was correct; it
would merely Indicate that tie check,
ing series would hae the same con
stant of error.
As a matter of fact, however, I
should hardly look for a check, but
should expect the grab sample to
show the highest value the grovo
sample the next and the drill sample
lowest, and that all would show too
high a alue. Of course, it the ore
is rich and the tonnage moderate care
fully taken band samples will abund
antly ansr.er because the margn of
operating profit will be so large that
the constant error will become a small
risk; as the amount of the necessary
Investment is the important factor. If,
however, the merit of the property
lies In a tremendous tonnage, the
margin per ton required for invest
ment and profit may be so law that
a constant error, however small, be-
J comes of immense importance.
My conclusion are that in develop
ing irregular masses of tremendous
tonnage and admittedly low grade.
the varous methods of sampling
should be checked by underground
work. As frequently earlier faults
form the locus of later ore-bodies,
these aults sometimes have to be fol
lowed so that it Is excusable in some
cases to have ore or more of tie strike
drifts to depart from a straight line.
All crosscuts, however, should be equi
distant, parallel, and cut the prevail
ing Assuring at an obtuse angle, and
all raises should be equidistant and
vertical. All ore extracted should be
sampled in adequate mechanical sam
pling works as carefully as if the ores
were to be bought or sold. If there
are strike drfts on enrched streaks,
only that portion of the ore in the
drift opposite the crosscuts'should be
included in the aeroge of the ore;
in other words, assay figures in the
crosscuts and vertical raises should
be used to obtain the general average.
Considering the large sums to be
invested for development land con
struction, the additional cost for sam
pling would be trifling. It should be
understood that one cannot sell a
single carload of ore on a hand sam
ple, and it seems hardly reasonable
to undertake to spend millions on
properties where the profits aro avow
edly small per ton, unless careful
sampling Is done.
o
Don't waste you money buying
plasters when you can get a bottle
of Chamberlain's Liniment for twenty-five
cents. A piece of flannel
dampened with this liniment Is su
perior to any plaster for lame back,
pains in the side and chest, and
much
gists.
cheaper. Sold by all drug-
INDIANA CHARITIES.
MARION, Ind., Sept. 10. The
nineteenth annual meeting of the
Indiana Board of Charities and Cor
rection, which opens here tonight
with an address by President S. E.
Smith of Richmond, has brought to
gether many men and women who
are regarded as experts on the var
ious lines of work which the con
ference will discuss. GovernorMar
shall of Indiana and Miss Jane Ad
dams of Chicago are scheduled to
address the conference tomorrow.
o t
"Can be depended upon" Is an
expression we all like to hear, and
when it is used in connection with
Chamberlain's Colic, Cholera and
Diarrhoea Remedy it means that it
never falls to cure diarrhoea, dy
sentery or bowel complaint. It is
pleasant to take and equally val
uable for children and adults. Sold
by all druggists.
o
MOSBY'S REUNION.
HERNDON, Va.. Sept. 10: Sur
vlvlng members of the 43rd Virginia
Battalion of Cavalry C S. A., known
throughout the country as "Mosby's
men." assembled in annual reunion
here today. The gathering was at
tended by a number of survivors
from distant parts of the country.
o
RURAL INDUSTRIES.
BERNE Sept, 10: The Swiss
methods of arglculture, wine culture,
forest culture and horticulture, in
which occupations the people of the
tiny republic are remarkably succes
sful In spite of many njatural handi
caps, rae comprehensively illustrated
in the national exhibition of Swiss
rural industries, which opened af
Lausanne today.
BIG PROFIT IS
5H0WDMG
THE PAST TEAR
Mining Industry Returns
Splendid Dividends Through
1910 Phelps-Dodge Co. Be
ing Second Among Coppers
CHICAGO, 111., Sept. 9. From re
ports made to the Mining World it is
apparent that there are substantial
profits in mining, even though the
prices of the principal metals are at
a most unsatisfactory base. in
compilation of the dividends paid dur
ing the past eight months, the JC1
iftg World finds that 120 Americas
nnes and metallurgical works dis
tributed among shareholders HSfiOlf
333, which, added to the dlvideWj
previously paid by these companita.
brings their total disbursements KP
to SC55.0C0.659, a 119 per cent ie
turn on their 1594,121,957 combined
issued capitalization. While tWi
does not Include the dividends paid
by many close corporations and other
smaller Interests deriving pecuniary
benefit from the mining and metallur
gical indusetrles, It is fairly repre
sentative of the profits made as are-
suit of legitimate mining. Then, too.
there are the dividends declared by
the securities-holding corporations,
which derive their profits from hold
ings in other corporations.
The so-called gold-sllver-lead pro
ducers lead in the total amount paid
during. the year, having 120,741,721 to
their credit to the 115,450,012 paid by
the copper companies. Of the former
amount. United States mines, 53 in
number, contributed 112,577,125; 14
Canadian companies, all but two in
the Cobalt section of Ontario, con
tributed 15,136,C93, and 20 Mexican
companies, 12,846,837.
Far in the lead among the mines
of the above class is Goldfield Con
solidated, with a total so far thu
year of 15,338,647, or more than 40
per cent, of the total paid by the
mines of the United States in the
first eight months of 1910. Tono-
pah, also of Nevada, Is second in the
list with 11,100 000, with the Home
stake third with 1654,000.
Twenty-one copper properties in
the United States have paid so far
this year dividends aggregating Jl!y
440,012. To date these properties
have yielded profits In the shape of
dividends totaling $341,813,370, a re
turn equivalent to 2S9 per cent, on
the combined issued capitalization of
1118,893,114.
The leaders among the coppers is
the Utah Copper company, with a rec
ord of dividends for the eight months
of the present year of $2,307,728.
Anaconda and United Verde are tied
for second place, with 11,800,000
each, while Calument & Hecla ranki
third with 11,600,000.
Sever metallurgical companies have
demonstrated that profits in this de
partment of mining are seeminglj
not greatly influenced by low metal
prices, for they show a considerable
increase In earnings over the same
period of 1909. Dividends declared by
these sixteen companies so far this
year Is 111,269,600, as against a dec
laration for the same period in 1909,
by six companies of 17,619,693. The
seven companies mentioned have dis
tributed dividends among stockhold
ers, since incorporation amounting to
1104,800,000, a 46 per cent, return
on the Issued capitalization. Ameri
can Smelting and refining leads with
14,125,000, as against 13,427,500 dur
ing the same period In 1909. Inter
national nlckle ranks second with
12.87U95, while United States Smelt-
ing is third with 11,802,379.
One metal selling company has
paid dividends so far this year oi
1750,000, and one quicksilver com
pany 190,000.
During he eight months of the year
the nine securities holding compan
ies mentioned above, have paid div
idends totalling 19,109,158. These
corporations during the first eight
months of 1909 paid 18439,720, show
ing approximately a half million gain
in 1910. Amalgamated copper leads
with 12,308,317, with Phelps, Dodge
&. Co. second with 12,246,730.
It will thus be seen that, despite
conditions that are not considered
normal, the mining Industry in 1910,
from the standpoint of shareholders
will be one of the most satisfactory
in the annals of the industry.
AMATEUR GOLF TITLE.
BOSTON, .Mass, Sept 10: Well
known golf players from every sec
tion of the coantry are gathered In
Boston today prepamtory to the open
ing of the amateur champlonshln tour-
nament of the United States Golf as
sociation, which will begin on the
links of the Brookllne Country Club
Monday morning with a qualifying
round dgtheen holes.
WHEN WILL INVESTORS TAKE
HOLD ? IS THE PROBLEM
(Boston Financial News, Aug. 10.)
It is well know that the control of
Utah Copper is concentrated in a few
hands, and there has been ample evi
dence that Amalgamated has been ac
cumulated so that it Is absolutely con
trolled. It would be an easy matter.
therefore, to arrange a combination of
the two companies of It was desirable,
and the two interests could agree ou
the relative values of tje properties.
It has been generally assumed that
the Sherman anti-trust law would pre
vent a consolidation of the two, but
that law speaks only of combinations
and it is not believed that a purchase
of tbe mines of one company by an
other could be prevented, or for that
matter the purchase of both by a
third company so long as It was a
purchase and not an exchange of
stock.
It is even believed that the course
followed In the Anaconda merger
would be legal, viz.; to purchase the
mines and pay for thefi in stock, but
even if it was desirable to pay in
cash the matter could be arranged by
the bankers. So far there has been
nothing to indicate that a meiger of
any sort Is in process of being wjrk."i"u'" '" ie iuum ui w
ed r that lh ohst.-mcln thnt r,m. banks ls als doIne away " fac
ed one several months ago has
removed. It .-. fr.nnrt Im,.r.lhl.
then to agree on va'ues. The tecent
conference abroad may, hotrever. have
been more Important than Is gener
ally supposed.
The fact o strong buying of the
loading copper shares cannot be denied
even though it is found that the buy
ers are not jet ready to follow prices
up much farther. It may be that the
buying ls based on expectations of
a higher metal market, and it ls pos
sible to derive much encouragement
from the statistics of the Industry.
The leading feature or the figures
for the j ear to date is that the sur
plus has Increased only an average
of 1,000,000 pounds a month, taking
that abroad and here combined. It
Is true also that consumers have no
large stocks on hand and mest buy
to nil tnelr demands as they comei
along.
There is no doubt that the public
cation ot the monthly statistics by the
producers has hurt the price of the
metal during the last eighteen months
as it has shown the buyer that theividends, let alone interest charges,
surplus was increasing and that there
was, therefore, no danger of a run-.
away market. It is believed now that on the cost of good securities at pres
a policy of curtailment will be car-jent prices it may be well to buy with
ried out until the surplus is reduced iout waiting for an absolutely clear
to a normal figure or say two months
supply.
i
LOCAL MINES
RE
THEIR
1
At Least There Is No Pro
nounced Indication That?
Ore Going to Smelters Is
Decreasing
nrwrt -ir nirrpnt that th ore
production of the big copper camps
is to be reduced. While the rumor,
U
may be true of dther camps it is not ( stated that he was now pushing im
true In the Warren district. All of portant construction work; wth all pos-
the big mines aro keeping up tihelr
output and the Copper Queen will In
crease Its production slightly.
At the present time the"Copper
Queen is shipping to the smelter fromjCananea company and reduce the cot
4RDAft in SO Ortft tona nf nrn rvoM j..-.t .... .
18 000 to 50,000 tons of ore per
month dry welght,"whlch means 60,000
tons wet or about 2,000 tons of ore
per day.
The development work In the
Lowell mine during the
shows that the sulpdilde
ore is im-
proving. The tonnage from this mlne,place and the economizers are being
is to be increased and the force ofierected- Two J850 K. W. turbines
miners will be increased as rapidly
as convenient with the production.
Tbe work of laying the track between
the "Lowell and the Sacramento is
progressing very satisfactorily and
, fn U?M l'?Tfe,h.e LoweU "ters are being built and the Imlld
and the Hoatson of the S. & P. pro-',. ,. ,,, " . .. I"!
perties are completed.
At the Math Mag shaft ot the C.
& A. tie development work on the "" p'""1 """"y ""pu- cop
1330 level is progressing very at.jper at Cananea is at the rate of 36
isfactorily. At the Cole shaft sulphide 00'000 Ponas. a slight decrease from
is being cut on the only drift belne' tev months ago. Besides copper
driven on the 1400 leTeL This drift
Is being run to the efest of the
At the Brlggs shaft the water U
draining out at the rate of six motes'
per day. The -water drains into tte!
Junction There it Is pumped. Con-
sidentble development work is uader!
way at the Hoatson and the Brlggs.'
At the junction a largo body ot
sulphide is being opened up between I
The consumer would rush prices up
by buying in large blocks now, hut It
will be better if the same hand-to-
mouth policy is followed for It will
help the producers to maintain a stea
dy price after it has been gradually
advanced to say 14 or 15 cents. The
main obpect to be achieved In the
copper Industry is not only to secure
more remunerative prices, but also
to prevent the extreme fluctuations
that have been such a detriment to
both consumer and producer. It will
be possible to do this by working
down the surplus through actual con-
sumpton, but not through Jacking up
the price suddenly so as to force a
hurried buying movement.
The falling off In general business
is being felt by the copper producers
as well as by the steel makers, and
practically all lines of industry. Th
cfTect of thl3 will be to prevent the
surplus decreasing as rapidly as would
otherwise be the case. The outlook
for general businessls, however, be
coming brighter as the crops are gath
ered In, and it Is found that taking
the cereals as a whole we shall have
a larger output than a ear ago. The
Improvement in the condition of the
b-n!tor that mIght have ben ot ser,ous
.""e"i io me commercial classes,
The strongest possible influence In
bringing about greater activity in,
general business would be a revival
of investment confidence. It is ob
vious that with railway expenditures
for 'ahor and materials cut down by
hundreds of millions, that all lines
of business must feel the decreased
consuming ability, and the railways
will not be in a position to go ahead
with large expenditures, until they
can dispose of bonds at fair prices.
problem ot general business
Is
the problem of the bond market and
the speculative situation, when will
Investors take hold.
It is clear for one thing that a com
plete revival of confidence will not
take place until the Interstate Com
merce Commission has rendered Its
decisions in the railway rate Increase
cases, and also that the maturity of
the corn crop as well as of tte cot
ton crop is needed to remove an un
certain factor, but investors are be-
Binning to realize that not even dl-
have yet been Jeopardized and that
la view of the very large reutrns
SKy, wnne the very object of specu
jlatlon is to discount the future
i
Buildings and New Machinery
Point to Larger Production
fn the Big Sonora Copper
uisirici.
" "- D-
Ricketts was in Douglas
yesterday on
his way to Cananea
from a trip to El Paso.
Dr. Ricketts
sble speed at Cananea and that the
result of the Installation of new mach
inery and methods would both In
crease the production of the Greene-
of production, a thing Very much de
sired owing to the continued low price
of copper.
A new steel reverbatory building is
CONSTRUCTION
goes ran
ON AT CANANEA
past week,golns UD and maWnS 81 progress.
tThp frarrtrt of M tntff.tfrt. , mnM n
. " "" ""
will be placed in this building and the
first of these is expected to arrive at
Cananea next month and the second
In November,
Foundations fo.' eight McDoucal
, . .- -,-
" "r
the Oreene-Cananea produced 100,000
shaft-ounces of silver last month.
the Junction shaft and the Hoatson
on the 1300 level. The sMaft is down
1665 feet and the bottom Is below
the lowest level of any shaft in the
district. This shaft Is all in hard lime
stone and ls the deepest shaft in lime
stone in the district. jj .
Here Come the
-Back from Their Summer Outing
stermel
m.1 Autumn the ay bflln to shorten and nights grow bleak and
chilly the clever little "Bill Raisers" troop back to your home for a win
ter's stay. r ' .
And you are glad to see them for they bring you cheer, comfort
?'?irt,ajPP'n', WHAT 'F THEY DO RAISE THE LIGHTING BILL A
LITTLE OVER THE SUMMER MONTHS'. " "
Electric Iron
Here
trical
that
BILL
saves
is
an elec-
appliance
NOT a
is
RAISER, It
you moneyj
month in
every
flHKr3tilllrW
ijijljHlKjijijmSP
the year. Guaranteed Two Years. Only electric
iron with a hot point cool-
tached stand, The iron that is
soon pays tor itselt,
It will pay you to see the famous economizer.
King us up today
Price $4.50 including 6 feet silk cord and attachment
DISBEE IMPROVEMENT CO.
TELEPHONE 197
The Hotpoint Electric Iron it just as useful and as big an economizer In
winter as in summer. MORE SO.
0MM0I0MMMMMI00NI0MMM
Jvk, hfi.i j ..,iini....L i j
A Commercial
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Invaluable
Every phase of modern commercial life is thoroughly and practically
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WRITE NOW FOR
Joseph S. Glass,
President
Los Angeles, California.
$
MIMMtMIf
Attturonrwtttttt
TYLES
ever. Factory equfed
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throughout. ATI meth
ods of manufacturing
improved 50 style
J
in direct roortion value
too. Smart Stylish and Flex
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-r?r
SOLE AGENTS FOR BISBEE
The Popular Store
Telephone 289 Main Street
"Bill Raisers"
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handy, clean and
Course at St I
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letter than
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