The Seattle Republican., October 18, 1901, Image 1

About The Seattle Republican. (Seattle, Wash.) 1???-1915

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The SEATTLE REPUBLICAN
Vol. VIII., No. 21
PASSING
EVENTS
Of Men and Things in the
Public Mind.
GOVBBKMBHT lUSIXESS MT.
There is no denying the fact that
business men prefer to do business
with other business men in prefer
ence to doing business with or for
the goernment all because there are
so much red tape and self-opinion
ated public officials to deal with,
and it is no wonder that the ship
yard.- in the Fast are refusing to bid
for government contracts. Govern
ment officials should be given to un
derstand that they are no more nor
less than any other business man,
and they should attend to the gov
ernment's business the same as they
would attend to the business of a
private corporation, and until they
do so private business concerns will
never try to do business with the
government, only when they find it
impossible to do business with any
one else.
I HCIJB SAM'S I'OPILATIOX.
The theory that there are more
women than men in this world may
hold good as to general results, hut
it does not hold good as to the
United State-, as the final casting
up of the results of the late census
shows that there are 39,059,242
men in this country and only 37,
--24:4.14.") women, or a ratio of 51.2
men to tB.B women. It is thus seen
that each man in the United States
can have a wife if he likes and then
there will be a couple of million to
spare. It is therefore here suggest
ed that each of the several states in
this Union pass laws imposing a
heavy license or tax on unmarried
men. and this should be done with
out regard as to what has prompted
them to not marry. One of the
greatest evils of the present age is
the disposition of the men to live
single rather than to marry and have
to support a family. The man who
has not energy enough to un
dertake to support a family
should be compelled to con
tribute to the funds of the
general government for the indirect
support of the children of other fam
ilies and for the general mainte
nance of our republic.
scotch pkopije crimixai,.
Despite the oft asserted exceeding
kindness of heart attributable to the
Scotchman, yet the record shows
that in the United Kingdom there
are more Scottish criminals in pro
portion to the whole population
than either English or Trish. Such
a statement can hardly be belived.
but when it comes from an official
source it can hardly be denied. Dur
ing the year 1900 there were con
victed, in the courts of Scotland
1,386 Scottish persons for every
100.000. In England the ratio was
581, and in Ireland 839. It will
thus be seen that the criminal in
clination of the Scotch people was
almost as great as that of England
and Ireland combined, and yet these
people are considered the morst
Christ-like, forbearing race of people
in all Christendom. While they are
not charged with being public dis
turbers, anarchists or revolutionists,
yet they seem to get there just the
same when it comes to committing
crime.
MAW KI'HOI'KAN FAMINES.
In this land of plenty one cannot
appreciate the fact that there are
many places in Europe at the pres
ent time that arc actually suffering
from famine. It has been but a few
months since the United States, in
connection with other governments.
sent ship-loads of flour and other
necessities of life to the famine
stricken districts of India, and that
country is not wholly free from it at
the present tini", but it will be news
to most American people to learn
thai Russia has many famine strick
en districts at present, for which the
government is compelled to appro
priate large -urns of money for the
relief of the citizens thereof.
During the present year the Russian
government has appropriated var
ious sums for famine stricken dis
tricts iii the empire as follows: Sar
atofT. $48,000; Tauris, $203,000:
Don Basin. $50,000; Yekaterins
lawn, $95,000, with a supply of au
tumn seeds for the fanners. Emper
or Nicholas has ordered that the
famine fund of the general govern
ment be increased to $7,000,000. Tt
hardly seems possible that there is
any country in the world at the pres
ent time where it is absolutely nec
essary to raise as much money foi
• famines as the figures above quoted
" but there is. and it would prove in
teresting reading matter for th(
world in general if some one wit!
an inquisitive turn of mind would
seek out and set forth the causes for
j such a condition of affairs either in
j that or any other country.
TAMMAM VS. LOW.
The fact that ten separate and
distinct political parties have united
in nominating Seth Low for mayor
of Greater New York and are all
working in perfect harmony for his
success at the polls, is evidence suf
ficient to warrant anyone with com
mon sense in branding Tammany
JI all politics as not only vicious, but
deadly injurious to the common wel
fare of not only Xew York city it
self, but of the entire state. Tam
many Hall Democracy has been the
curse of Xew York for many years
and it is no better today than it
has always been, and it is so had
that the citizens of Xew York, with
out regard to politics or religion,
have united to overthrow it and
break its hold upon the municipal
affairs of that city. Tbe politicians
who swarm about Tammany Hall
and who live from the crumbs that
drop from its tables, do so knowing
that the leaders of that famous Dem
ocratic institution are steeped in
crime; foster crime and succeed in
politics only by criminal co-opera
tion ,and this has moved the better
element of citizens to taking the in
iative with the view of overthrowing
and dethroning these criminals from
the various offices of that municipal
government.
STEEL TRUST'S EARNINGS.
From a bulletin recently issued
by the United States Steel Corpora
tion covering its earnings for the
past six months, it is learned that
the net earnings covering that time
amount to $54,954,871. After al
olwing .$7,600,000 for interest on
bonds, $7,059,705 for sinking fund
purposes, paid dividens on common
and preferred stock amounting to
$27,968,224, there still remains a
surplus of $12,326,748. If this isn't
a most encouraging report then it is
impossible for an encouraging re
port to be made of either this or any
other financial concern. At the same
ratio the concern will clear in one
year's time over. $100,000,000. If
the consumes has caved a ten 1. of
that amount and if the laborer has
lost nothing in wages .then all is
well, but this is not believed, as it
is impossible for nay concern to save
$100,000,000 in one year without
having fleeced some class of business
men or laborer in so doing. How
ever, the fact must not be overlook
ed that there has been an increased
demand for steel during the past six
months over that of previous years.
HARK IIAW.VS PASSING.
Is Mark Jlanna, the political man
ager of the late president, to pass
into "innocuous desuetude" since
tin' death of President MeKinley? is
a question that is going the rounds
of the press ;at the present time
Certainly Senator Hanna will not be
the power behind the throne dur
ing the Roosevelt administration,
even if he was during the MeKinley
administration, but Mr. Hanna is an
able, shrewd and sagacious politi
cian, and if he elects to give Presi
dent Roosevelt's administration
trouble, he will be able to do so. He
probably has no desire to become an
idininistration sinecure with a view
)f parceling out presidential pat
■onage, nor has he any desire, it is
very generally considered, to oppose
the new president's administration
in any shape, form or manner, but
President Roosevelt would do well
to treat Mark Hanna with the cour
tesy that is due him .not only on ac
count of his official position as^
Fnited States scenator, but as a
president maker and moulder of
public opinion.
NEWS NOTES.
A dispatch from Washington City
announces the fact that Captain W.
T. 1 Unwell is to rmeain in charge
of the Puget Sound naval yard,
which is very gratifying news to
most persons in Seattle who have
had occasion to transact business
with him. He is said to lie the most
affable and businesslike commander
that has ever before been at the Pu
get Sound naval yard.
Cablegrams from Pekin, China,
report that Chinese policemen are
now patrolling that city and are giv
ing ample protection to all foreign
ers and Christian Chinese therein.
If this be true, and it should not be
doubted, there will be no further
use of the United Powers maintain
ing ;f?mies at the Chinese capital.
From a financial standpoint, the
most interesting convention that
has assembled for a good many
months is now in session at
Milwaukee, and this convention if
none other than the twenty-seventh
annual of the American Bankers'
Association. The members of this
association represent a combined
capital of over $8,000,000,000 and
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1901
hail from all parts of the United
States. Important financial ques
tions will come before this body and
will be discussed at length with a
view of having congress pass new
banking laws, and also remedy some
that haev already been passed.
A jury has been impanelled for
the re-hearing of the famous Caleb
Powers case in Georgetown, Ky.,
who is charged with being an acces
sory before the fact to the assassin
ation of Governor Goebel. Powers
was tried and convicted once before
and the supreme court set the ver
dict aside and granted a new trial.
The necessary sum of money for
a ransom for Miss Stone has not
been fully raised as yet, hut the
American consul at Constantinople
has demanded of the Turkish gov
ernment that it at once make good
the deficit and at the same time
guarantee the United States a return
of that part of vthe ransom money
that has been made up by her citi
zens. The English government
stands with the United States gov
ernment that this he done, and it is
hoped before another week passes
Miss Stone will be restored to the
'hisoui of her friends.
The secretary of the navy has ap
proved of the estimates of appropri
ation for improvements of the Pu
get Sound naval yard for the next
fiscal year, which amounts to $1,
--545,704.40. This is much larger
than ever before, and it shows very
conclusively that our government
intends making the Puget Sound
naval yard one of the largest in the
I Hi ted States.
During the most of the present
week the court of inquiry has been
listening to witnesses called to tes
tify in the Schley-Sampson case in
behalf of Admiral Schley. These
witnesses have endeavored to tell a
different tale from that told by the
government's witnesses, but it all
amounts to the same when summed
up. If Admiral Schley did any
thing at the Santiago naval battle
that is deserving of special credit
any more than any other officer,
then that fact has not been brought
out by the court of inquiry.
This circuit court of appeals at
Albany, N. V., has granted a new
trial to Uoland B. Molineaux. The
date of the beginning of the trial
has not been iixed as yet.
LOCAL.
Lo Sambo and Hi Henry have af
forded Seattle quite a bit of amuse
ment for the past two weeks, but
Seattle paiti dearly for it, after all.
Now that Mr. Myer, Seattle's lead
ing music dealer, has taken unto
lnsinself a belter half, if his custo
mers do not hear more music than
ever it will be no fault of his.
Auditor George U. Lamping of
King county has been promoted to
the colonelcy of the Washington
.National States Guard, which is
oolite an honor for Mr. Lamping,
and, it is suspected, quite a political
Doom for him as well.
Quite a number of persons were
present at the State University last
lueeday to witness the laying of the
corner stone of the hall of science
by the college dignitaries. Much
improvement is being done at the
university and the contemplated
erection of the science hall is but in
keeping with the vast amount of im
provements that were mapped out
for the university by the last legis
lature. Money sufficient to carry
out this proposed improvement was
appropriated by the legislature and
it is now being successfully used.
Just now Seattle is again suffering
from an epidemic of hold-ups such
as t has not suffered from since the
fa! no us clean up last summer, which
caused so much excitement in the
courts while it was under considera
tion.
Imposing a reasonable license on
the teamstres of the city may be just,
fairand equitable, but there seems
to W no reason nor justice in com
pelling them to put up a $500 bond
as well, and unless The Republican
is sadly mistaken all of this is the
work of the Seattle Transfer Com
pany endeavoring to squeeze out the
little concerns in order to get a mo-
Qopoly of the transfer business for
itself."
The abusive treatment imposed
upon (I. \V. Dickenson, Jr., and his
two cousins while confined in prison
at the police headquarters is to be
investigated by the police commis
sioners. While The - Republican
does not intend to venture an opin
ion as to the outcome of this inves
tigation, yet it will say to Mr. Dick
enson that if he wishes file men pun
ished who abused his son, he should
take the matter tf§ the superior,
court inatanter, if vA sooner.
BROTHER
IN BLACK
Under Critical Eye of Ob
serving Men.
OREBO.VS COLORED UWVER,
According to the New Age, of
Portland, Mr. C. A. Lucas is the first
man of color to take the examina
tion for admission to the bar in the
state of Oregon. Mr. Lucas is well
known in this city and is considered
a very bright man, intellectually,
and it is predicted that he will make
a successful lawyer if he succeeds in
pasing the required examination,
iieing well acquainted in the state,
Mr. Lucas will soon have an excel
lent practice at his command as
Portland and Oregon in general of
fer an inviting field for him.
KOOSEVKiL.T A.SO VV ASKi.NO lOX.
Recently Prof. Booker T. Wash
ington was summoned to Washing
ton City to advise with President
Koosevelt as to the best methods of
dealing with the xYfro-Americans in
the South from a political and fin
ancial standpoint. There is much
difference of opinion as to what re
ally passed between the president
and Mr. Washington, but suffice it
that things were said by both, of
them of much interest and benefit
to the race that was under discus
sion. It was the first instance in the
history of the United States where
a president of the United States
consulted in any shape, form or
manner a colored man in the inter
ests of his race, or made any effort
whatever to find out the real facts
about the race, save what some
cheap John politician told him. Ir
respective of what may have been
said by the hvo, the president is to
be commended for calling Mr.
Washington, who is beyond a doubt
the most noted ISegro in the United
States, into consultation concerning
the success of the race to which he
belongs.
WASHINGTON'S COLORED I'E(h'!,E.
The stale of Washington h cred
ited with having 21,799 "'colored
persons" out of a total population of
±i)0,o04. The average reader should
not get confounded in this state
ment about the colored population
and labor under the belief that there
are that many Negroes in the tsate
of Washington. "Colored is here
applied to all persons and nationali
ties not Caucasian, which includes
Indians, Japanese, Chinese and Ne
groes. Strictly speaking there are
not to exceed 3,000 Negroes in the
state of Washington.
HE WHITES A HOOK.
Dr. Samuel JLSurdett, a retired
United States veterinary surgeon,
has just issued a small booklet com
prising a hundred or more pages,
which is entitled "Lynchings Ex
posed." It is cleverly written and is
full and overflowing with food for
thought along this line. While
much is said in the book which the
Southern white man will take ser
ious exceptions to, yet the argu
ments are so conclusive that the gen
eral facts canot be denied. Much
has been done by the Southern
wiiite man under the excitement of
the moment against the Negro,
which he has seriously regretted af
ter giving the matter a sober second
thought. That men have been
Lynched and burned at the stake who
were perfectly innocent of having
committed any crime whatever is
patent to the minds of every person
that has visited the Southern states,
and it is just such points as this that
this book has endeavored to bring
out and properly place before the
reading public. No one can read it
without saying "amen" to the most
it says ,except it be those who wish
to keep the real facts in the har-V
ground of tiie high crimes commit
ted in the South against the laws
of our common country, which
should be condemned by the lead
ing citizens of this and every civ
ilized country. It is hoped that men
of influence and intelligence wil lin
terest themselves in this booklet and
take the time to read the same and
they will be thoroughly convinced
that there is something rotten in
Denmark.
GETS lilt; DAM KiIIS.
Kit-hard W. White is the name of
a Chicago Negro who has recently
recovered a $25,000 judgment
against a firm of contractors in that
city, in whose employ he was at the
time he sustained the damages
which resulted in getting him so
large a sum of money. He was
foreman of a gang of men at the
time, and while descending a tunnel
shaft in a bucket with two other
employes, the rope broke and they
fell ninety-five feet to the bottom.
His two companions were instantly
killed, but he escaped death in a
most miraculous way. He subse
quently sued the company and the
trial which ended a few days ago,
resulted in the jury bringing in a
verdict for the plaintiff awarding
him $25,000 damages for the fall.
ITEMS OF INTEREST.
The top of Mount Everest, which
is 29,002 feet, has never been reach
ed by tourists as yet.
Of all the Australian colonies
Tasmania is said to have less drunk
enness in it than any.
During the year 1900 the laboicrs
of Great Britain gained in wages
over the previous year $1,000,000
per week.
During the last eight monts Jap
an's foreign trade amounted to $78,
--000,000 exports, with about $75,
--000,000 imports.
A home for aged Jews is being
erected in Chicago, at a cost of $40,
--000, which amount has all bee sub
scribed and paid in.
A horse railway from Buenos
Ayres to the town of San Martin is
fifty miles long, which is the longest
uorse railway m the world.
The Swiss government contem
plates during the coming year to
tram military balloonists lor the
purpose of handling balloons in time
ot war and for other strategic pur
poses.
fifteen companies have been
formed in Battle Creek, Mich., for
the purpose of manufacturing health
ioous. The total capital stock of
tnese companies amounts to $10,
--5,5,000.
In llungaria not long since a
ulaeK. cloud suddenly spread over the
sKy and at once a shower of green
isn opalescent insects began to des
cend and cover the ground to the
wepth ol a foot.
Recently a 2s ew York firm reviv
ed a consignment oi 100 tons of cat
tails, lor me purpose of ornament
ing ladies" wearing apparel. To
supply that order menat that not
less tnani 1,^,000 cats had been
Killed for the purpose.
During the past nine months of
the present year Chicago has had the
Heaviest receipts of livestock in its
entier history. Cars aggregating
,^13,118 arrived in its stock yards,
which is greater by 12,625 cars than
ever before for the same length of
time.
The beet sugar production for
1901 in the United States is esti
mated to amount to 198,500 tons. Of
this amount California produced
60,000, Michigan 00,000, Colorado
20,000, Utah 15,UU0, Nebraska
7,UUO, New York 7,000, Wisconsin
3,000, Minnesota 2,500 Washington
Z,\JWi and Oregon 2,000.
Recorder Hughes of New Orleans
recently fined tnree young men $2
and costs each for singing "When
the Harvest Days are Over, Jessie
Dear, and a number of similar
songs, which they persisted in sing
ing to the annoyance of the com
munity while they were under the
influence of intoxicants. The re
corder was of the opinion that if
there was no law on the statute
books prohibiting such ,there should
be and he would start the ball roll
ing by making one.
Seattle is a hummer when it
comes to working for Seattle. They
have worked the government into
making a canal to Lake Washing
ton so as to have a fresh water har
bor free from the teredo and barna
cle and are now working a scheme
to be one end of a new transconti
nental line to push the Oriental
trade. Truly, Providence, McKin
ley expansion and Jim Hill are
"three of a kind" for Seattle, with
Seattle's people pulling to make it
"two pairs," all of one kind. That
is the kind of people that build cit-
An Italian vendetta and a Japan
ese melee, in which brass knucks,
knives and bludgeons played con
spicuous parts, were both before
Judge George last Monday morning
for adjudication. After listening for
hours to the jargon of both the Japs
and the Italians the judge fined ail
concerned, lest he make a misjdfl
and the guilty one escape.
Mr. J. E. Hawkins enteiSfflßilf
number of his gentleman
last Friday evening at a general up
to-date stag party. Quite a number
of the gentlemen of the city took ad
vantage of the invitation and were
present, and a most enjoyable time
was the result. Mr. and Mrs. Haw
kins have recently fitted up a new
home on Harrison street/ where
comfort, elegance and luxury reign
supreme.
REALM OF
RELIGION
Among the World's Christians
and Quasi Christians.
TAKIHG MISSIONARY WORK.
The national convention of the
Christian Foreign Misionary Socie
ty is in session in Minneapolis with
a well attended delegation from all
parts of the' country. Missionary
Farris spoke on the condition of af
fairs in the Congo Free State and se
verely arraigned the Belgium gov
ernment and its officials for the bru
tal manner in which they were treat
ing the natives, shooting them for
any crime they might be charged
with. The convention elected the
following officers for the ensuing
year: President, A. McLain, Cin
cinnati; first vice president, W. S.
Dickenson, Cincinnati; recording
secretary, George A. Miller, Coving
ton, Ky.; treasurer, S. M. Cooper,
Cincinnati; corresponding secretary,
S. M. Rains, Cincinnati; auditor,
Russell Errett, Cincinnati.
Marry ,\d xot marry.
The subject of manage and di
vorce has been the paramount issue
of tiie hpiscopal church of Ameri
ca's convention during the past
week. Much has been said whether
divorces should be granted or not,
and from the wide range of discus
sion on the subject it would seem
that a great many persons are still
ignorant of the fact that it is con
trary to the teachings of the Bible
to be unequally yoked together.
"Should persons re-marry after hav
ing been divorced?" has also been
widely discussed by the convention
and on a vote taken on the subject
it was decided by 182 against 158
that divorced persons should not re
marry ,all of winch would seem just
as foolish as trying to prevent per
sons who do not agree from getting
divorces.
IX THEM AHS DE LIBERATE.
The biennial session of the Evan
gelical Lutheran church of North
America has been in session at Lima,
U., ior the major part of the past
week. Key. Dr. Jtianson, one of the
active members of the church, de
nied the assertion recently made in
San Francisco to the effect that
2 00,000 Scandinavians were looking
forward to becoming members of
Protestant Episcopal churches. In
stead thereof, Dr. Hanson maintain
ed that the Lutheran church was
steadily gaming Scandinavian mem
bers from the Protestant churches,
and that sooner or later there would
not be left a corporal's guard of
Scandinavian persons in any of the
Protestant churches.
THKT lIAOE FAUGWELL.
Seventeen missionaries assembled
in Plymouth church in this city last
Monday evening to take their fare-'
well leave of Christian workers prior
to departing for their misionary
fields of labor in China, it was an
impressive scene and one that those
attending wiiL not soon forget.
These missionaries are not being
sent out by ,my particular church,
body or organization, but are going
out with the belief that those inter
ested in the Lord will help them
through with their work. They were
exceedingly successful while here in
getting together a number of sub
stantial articles that they will need
while on their mission, and they left
last Wednesday full of good cheer,
believing that they would be able
to do much good for the cause of
Christ among the heathen Chineses.
WOMEN TAKE THli LIOAO.
It is charged by a very able writer
that in all extreme phases of relig
ious teachings the women have out
numbered the men in its advocacy,
which, to some extent, is quite true,
but instead of the same showing
sveakness of mind on the part of the
women, it rather shows that they are
ever eager to do something to better
the condition of mankind morally,
religiously and otherwise. Women,
tor the most part, believe that there
is no medium so instrumental in ele
vating mankind as that of religion,
hence their readiness to take hold
M any phase of religion that prom-
Tses ready relief. Being of such a
turn of mind naturally impresses
one with the belief that women are
more religious than necessary, and
certainly more religious than men.
IHIUCH OK GREECE.
The Holy Synod of the Church
of Greece has issued a proclamation
enjoining all members, monks and
other Christians to refrain from
burning or otherwise damaging
trees or concealing those guilty of
such crimes. This is done with the
direct aim and intention of preserv
ing the forests of that country,
Price Five Cents
which have been drawn upon for
manufacturing purposes for many
centuries.
RAISING BIG SIM.
The pastor of the A. M. E. church
of this city aided by his congrega
tion is endeavoring to raise $600 to
pay oft' an indebtedness against the
church property. They have a
splendid piece of church property
in this city, which is becoming more
valuable every year, and when this
debt will have been paid off, it will
be free in every respect from incum
brance. The pastor and the mem
bers are endeavoring to raise the
debt by popular subscription, and
many of the citizens of Seattle have
already contributed sums to that
end. Rev. M. Scott, the pastor of
the church, is now beginning his
second year at this point and at the
REV. M. SCOTT
Pastor A. M. E. Church, Seattle.
last annual conference lie made the
best report that was ever taken from
Seattle or any other church in this
conference, if he is successful dur
ing the present year in lifting the
church debt and likewise making a
good financial report to the annual
conference, he will stand head and
shoulders above any other preacher
that has ever been in the state of
Washington. Mr. Scott is a Louisi
anian by birth and received what
ever education he has while in that
state, lie has rapidly improved the
talent that wad given him and he is
today considered one of the best in
formed divines of the A. M. E.
church in the West.
SENATOR HOAR PRKSIIIKD.
During the session of the nation
al I nitarian conference, which was
recently held in Saratoga, N. V.,
Senator George F. Hoar presided
over the meetings. A feature of the
convention was the address of Dr.
Minot J. Savage of New York City
on "The Twentieth Century .Relig
ion." Carroll D. Wright of Wash
ington City was elected president for
the ensuing year.
A BK\fc;\OLKXT WOMAX.
Miss lviith Charlotte Dana, who
recently died in Boston, left a be
quest of $5,000 to establish a schol
arship in the American College at
Koine for students for a priesthood
from the Boston archdiocese. She
also left $5,000 for establishing a
scholarship in the Catholic Univer
sity at Washington for a like pur
pose, and $2,000 was given to the
rector of the Boston College as a
scholarship for students preparing
for the priesthood. This good sis
ter left much for the advancement
of Catholicism, and it is to be hop
ed that her memory will ever be
kept green by the members of the
Catholic church.
Will the principal actors in the
movement of the Law and Order
League explain to the public why it
is that no effort is being made by
them to prevent slot machines from
being run in the city in open de
iianee of the slate laws, as well as
to the Law and Order League?
What has caused this lull in "the
prosecution of the open violators of
the law? The Republican believes
that the slot machines that are now
being run in this city should be clos
ed up. They can be closed up if the
law is en forced, and those persons
responsible for the enforcement of
the law should see to it that the law
is enfroeed, or those persons respon
sible for the making of such officials
should see to it that they do their
dut\ or be thrown out of office.
Fully 200 colored women could.
find ready employment in this city
today as cooks or servants at wages
ranging from $20 to $30 per month,
ii they could be had. Why would
it not I.c a splendid idea for this fact
to be made known to the colored,
women of the Mast, who are work
ing for $5 per month and think they
are doing well?
An entertainmeni at the A. M. E.
church last Tnesdaj evening, at
which a literary program was ren
dered, was well attended and prov
ed very successful.