This may be our last battle. We believe that it is the beginning of our final triuninfr
v 17 icm O O I
[AY 17.1923
JOHN MITCHE-LL. JR
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« SIGNIFICANT *
* OBSERVATIONS ft
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(Preston News Service.)
(By John T. Clark, Ph. B.)
Aaottier Slant at Causes for Negro
Migration Krom the South.
The following are excerpts from a
letter received by the Urban League
or Pittsburgh from a farmer in Geor
gluglr . After explaining the plans of
a whole colony of Negroes to migrate
North during the spring of 1924 and
giving the causes for wanting assis
tance in getting located, he continues
."at this time we are busy growing
watermelons and ....want your help
in providing a medium thru which we
can ship to wholesalers or consumers."
In answer to a letter from us request
ing information concerning tho
amount of crop he and neighboring
fanners will be able to ship and upon
what terms, we received tho following
letter. “.we can begin shipping
aoout June 15tli, two carloads a week
for several weeks, of the best melons.
Our terms are $25 a car load f. o. b. ..
. ." In addition to the signature of
our correspondent the letter bore five
other names and addresses purporting
to be the endorsement of the above
statements, by two prominent white
bus-mess mon and three other Negro
melon growers.
On June 16th the largest dealer in
Pittsburgh estimated that the average
ear load contains 1 000 melons and
that the best Georgia melons sold that
morning at $500 a car load in Pitts
burgh. It is unreasonable to believe
that freight charges and commissions
on a car load of melons would amount
to $475, while the farmer who planted
cultivated, collected and hauled them
to (he railroad can be properly repaid
by getting $25 out of this $600 trans'tc
turn
This farmer indicated that such an
arrangement would he much better
than what they received from their
lo. ai Goergia agents last year. (Corre
spondence in files of Pittsburgh Urban
League.)
(In the North.)
The following is a part of a state
ment made by a Negro connected with
the Employment, Safety and Welfare
Departments of a large steel concern
In reply to our question ns to wheth
er Negroes were getting into the high
er skilled and better paying jobs, "...
. .only three days ego, a Mehniry gran
uate, who had formerly worked for us
was employed into the plant as assist
ant chemist; recently we have employ
ed a colored girl as a stenographer in
the Stationery department. We have a
Nt-gro elcetric welder who averages
mere than $20 a day. Two weeks ago
we placed at work three crews of rive
ters and bucklers on steel barges
This is in keeping with the company’s
policy to gradually give to the Negro
es employed in our plant any job thev
n-e capable of handling.”
Ten months ago this company had
about the worst reputation among Ne
gro workman of any plant in the Pitts
burgh district.
Heavy penalties on labor agents,
fire speeches by prominent southern
ers. even increased appropriations for
Negro schools or the art uni working 1
out of the most of the plans of the In '
ter-rncial Commission will have hut .
l!tMe effect in checking the migraticr
w ih the work and wage differentia!
between the North and South as obvi
ous us the two above “slants” indicate
FINDS AFRICANS ARE MORE
MODEST THAN U. S. GIRLS.
(Preston News Service.)
Chicago. 111., June 21.—According to
n statement issued last Thursday after
noon by Mrs. Rose Rosehnrt, a return
ed missionary from West Coast. Afrl
ca. African girls are decidedly more
modest than American girlr. Mrs
R '9ehart said, “I have been stationed
in Sierra I>eone for the past six years
All lean women wear clothes that cov
er up and to their everlasting credit
nro much more modest than American
girls and women.”
You speak of flappers in Africa, ye?
th‘re are a few. hut they are exceed
ingiy rare, and they use blue paste in
st*- ,d of rouge. I must confess that
those supposedly heathen women are
far n advance of American women, es
pccially when it comes to modesty.
I
FEDERAL JURY RETURNS VERDICT AFTER
OF I LENGTHY ID SENSATIONAL TRIAL
Marcus Garvey is convicted. Elle
Garcia, Orlando Thompson and
George Tobias, his co-defendants are
'free.
Darvey was found guilty on the
trvrd count of the second indictment
in that he used the mails in a couspl *
ato defraud one Benny Danzig, 3*1
W,u iois. street, New York City. The
letter offered for sale t took in the
Bh.ck Star Bine, an alleged frauds
leu. concern.
.• hus, after a most exciting trial
and the expenditure of millions of
a .liars on both sides, the Provisional
President of Africa was couvicted on
tu>. strength of a single letter. Danzig
a rui.road porter, had bought five
shares of stock in the Black Star Dine.
Now York, June 15.—A new noto
entered the trial of Marcus Garvey
yesterday, one more harmonious and
deeper than uli the comic tooth1 gi
versatile Marcus has be^u able to n
ject during the interminable weeks or
his prominence. It came not from Mar
cus at all, hut from Henry Lincom
Johnson, the benign,the patriarchal
and altogether admirable counsel lor
defendant, Elic Garcia, in the course
of his summing up before the Jury.
it was his great hour and he made
the most of it. He used such an easy,
confident flow of words, so itch in
allusion, so quaintly humorous in in
tonation that Judge Mack was forced
to chuckle and the Jury to forget they
had been sitting in their twelve seats
tor several hundred inconsecutive
hours.
Suddenly, Mr. Johnson swept into a
passionate justification of not omy
the defendants hut of his race. The
Jury sat up. Even the dark gathering
in the rear of the court, whidb has
been noticeable only for its stoliditj
and uniformity since the trial opened,
stayed with emotion.
DEPLORJES STATUS OP NEGRO
“Gentlemen.” h,p cried, his voice vi
brating, “you can’t have an Idea what
it means to be a Negro in these days—
the ignominy of it. You can’t have!
If every Ngro could put every dime,
every penny, that he has earned into
the sea, and if l>e might get in ex
change the knowledge that he was
somebody, that he meant something
in this world, the respect of the
world, he would do it gladly. The
black man does not live who does not
hope that his children may be estab
lished in a settl\l business, who does
not pray that this hideous curtain of
he.l and hate may some day be lifted
from bis children. I hope it for my
children. So docs every black man for
his.”
Outside in City Hall Park a band
was playing “The Star-Spangled Ban
ner” in honor of Play Day and tl»3
sound of hundreds of children sing
ing the national anthem came In
through the open indows.
Mr. Johnson flattered his oppon
ent. Prosecutor Matt tick, with & whole
string of adjectives—“bright, bril
li.'-.nt, shrewd, resourceful, able” and
others. He rjuoted Shakespeare. Miltn
and the Iliad and by way of variety he
added some Negro stories in diaJect.
He said that if the Black Star Dim
had been able to float the Phyllis
Wheatley—the Inst ship of the ill-fat
ed string— the corporation would
have been flourishing now. He com
pared the Phyllis Wheatley and its re
lation to the line to a proverb about a
horeshoe nail “which ruined the shoe
wl eh ruined the foot, which killed
the horse.”
WOULD HAVE BEEN IN AFRICA.
' Why, If tiro Phyllis Wheatley had
Bailed thi seas. Jogfah Cockburne and
Marcus Onrvev would have been far
away over yonder in Africa enjoyine
t'-c tropica’ breeze-." he evptnfnrd
and cave Judge Mack the opportunity
to observe that tropie breezes may be
found in a New York Federal court
room .
To the a^eompalnment of vigorous
h nd clapping that made the walls
echo Mr. Johnson dealth in stringent
fash-ion w*fh the various sea captain?
who had sailed under the Black Star.
fb:g. Josiah Coekburne. "lord of thej
f
seas;" Hugh Mulzac, Adrian Richard
son of the shill voice, were each pick
cu upon, none too gently. Th story of
the cruise of the Yarmouth and her
alcliolic load wan something Air. John
sou would have liked not to have air
ed :n court.
* Bought., rummed and suuk" was
his version ci the tale.
Je also referred to the amusement
ot the court to the classic message
the crew of that argosy sent back hy
r. i uio:
"We are drinking, we are sinking,
soused off Cape May.”
He told how District Attorney Mat
trek had once come to him in a “con
niplion fit” regarding a witness and
sang a ballad about taking him up
tenderly.
( OULD HAPPEN ONLY HERE.
As for Watkins a witness who was
once counsel for the Black Star Line,
he dismissed him thus:
“Never, gentlemen, have I seen any
body but little Watkins who made
h’.s only avocation in life that of not
ary public. It couldn't happen except
In New York."
Lawyer Matthews also aired his
views upon the case, especially as they
they affected hie client, George To
bias. He argued along the same lines
ns Mr. Johnson, declaring no evidence
had been brought ont that Tobias had
ever used the malls to defraud and
fiat the misadventures of the Black
S»ar Line, however had marked the
beginning of ^n epoch for the Negroes
in America. .
(N. Y. Tribune.)
Card of Thanks.
We, the members of Geo. A. Custer
Post No. 11 nnd W. A. Hankins Camp
No. 6 U. S. W. V. Hankins Camp Auxij
iary forming the Memorial Associat*
ion take thi9 means . to thank the
churches and friends in assisting
thorn in their effort in decorating the
graves at the National Cemetery May
30th, 1923.
'total amount donated $109.37;
to»al expense $103.17; Balance in
Treasury $6.20. This balnnee is to pay
the tax for the Custer Post No. 11.
Respectfully yours,
RICHARD DAVIS.
Commander Camp No. It.
Jas. Pondexter.,
Commander Camp No. 6
Ij. STOORS, Chairman
G. L. HRJANCH, Sec.
A SENSATIONAL MOCK TRIAL.
A Sensational Mock Trial by Capl
tal City Lodge No 11, I. B. P. O. E. of
W.. for the benefit of Hood Temple A
M E. Zion church Monday evening
8 o’clock June 25th. corner Adam and,
Clay streets. Miss Beatiful Get-rlch ,
qvick sues Multlmillionare GoCrock?
for $10,000. A royal battle is expected
between the opposing attorneys
P'-lce, Adults 25 cents; Children 15
cents. ^. r >
TAG DAY A SUCCESS.
The Tag Day held last Saturday
for the Colored Girl's Horne. 502 W.
Clay Street, was n success. The
amount raised wns $757.54. The man
agement thfinks the public for rcspon
dmg so Bberally.
STOCKHOLDERS OF THE
The Stockholders of the Mechan
ics Savings Dank wHl meet Tuesday
night. .Tune 2Rth. *:30 P. M. at the
Pvthfan Castle. 727 North Third
Street. Business of importance.
HOWARD TURNS OUT
HUGEST CLASS IN
HISTORY OF FILS
Wash ington, D. C.. June 20—That
Howard University isj continuing to
fulfill in a large and (important wav
the enviable place of hkidership It 1ms
gained among educatio^Ljnstitutions
In America special izlujB^r the train
ing of colored youth ::fevidenced ny
the new record set by Howard Univer
slty this year when th *e hundre<l and
eleven (311) degrees Were conferred
upon graduates of the Classes of 1923
| b> President J. Stanley Durkee at the
Fifty-fourth Annual Commencement
exercises held on tire University Cam
pua Friday June 8th, 1923.
When the announcement went forth
last year that 246 degrees were con
ferred upon graduates v, the Class of
1923 of Howard University in the Lib
ernl Arts, Science, Ifeligion, Law,
Medicino, Pharmncy, Music, Engineer
ing and Architecture; it was heralded
aa a groat record in tbo history of co!
leges in the United States devoted to
educational work among colored peo
pie. This year’s class of 311 has brok
er. the old record l*y 66 graduates.
In addition to the degrees In regular
courses, honorary degrees were con
i'- red upon Charles Ed vard Russell
oi Washington. D. C.; James Weldon
Johnson, New York < «*-. James Up
shur King Washington, D. C.; Morde
cai W. Johnson, Charleston. W. Vn.:
and Daniel Smith Ln'nb, Washington
D. C.
INSPIRING COMMENCEMENT
EXERCISES
The ceremonies in connection with
the Commencement Exercises began
with the academic procession which
started from the steps of the How&ri
University Carnegie Library at three
o'clock Friday afternoon led by the
R. O. T. C. Band which played the
processional march. The procession
was headed by Dr. J. Stanley Durkoe
President; Dr. Emmett J. Scott, Seere
tary-Treasurer; Dr. J. W. E. Bowen of
Gammon Theological Seaninary. Atlan
ta, G*.i~the Commencement Orator;
tie candidate for honorary degree:
and Included rr-uet<efe. Deans, PnK
sors, membe *» cf the various acdemic
[ and profess.or.al faculties., gradua'es
and alumni.
The course of tbe procession was
from the step? of the Library to t«e
Administration Building and down
the long walk to the west end of the
grounds where an audience of nearly
five thousand visitors, friends and
relatives of the various graduates was
assembled to witness the exercises.
The brilliant colors of fhe academic
costumes flashing in the sun present
ed an inspiring ceremonial picture.
i
WELL ON FRIDA F; DIES ON
SATURDAY.
The sudden death on last Saturday
o* Mrs. Harriet Johnson of South Ri b
mond was a shock to the entire com •
niunily and the news spread like
wild fire. Mrs. Johnson was seen go
*ng homo the evening prior to hei
death apparently in the best of spirit*
but e’er the morning came which ush
in another day. she was cold In
death. She was well known and high
ly respected by both white and color
people who knew her.
'I lie many friends of the family ex
press their deepest sympathy to the
•bereaved members.
—Mr. Henry Mason of Philadelphia
was called to the city last Sunday 0.1
account of the death of his sister
Mrs. Harriet Johnson, who died sud
denly last Saturday. The funeral of
Mrs Johnson took plnce Tuesday eve
ning from the First Baptist church of
which sh* had been a member for a
number of years .Rev. W. L. Ransomc
officiating.
—Mrs. Lucy B. Chiles is visiting
in Washington, T). C.
—Miss Marietta L. Chiles Is attend
ing Rummer School at Hampton. Va
-Hr. J. TI. Blackwell. Jr . left tho
city last Monday for Buckroe Beach,
where he will attend the convention
of the Old Dominion Medical Sociotv.
—Mrs Thomas Muse, of Sonthsfde.
who was taken '•eriously ill last week
Is rlowly convalescing.
HOI MS ST PYTHIAN SESSIONS.
ORDER IS NOT RETURNED TO THE LEGALLY
ELECTED OFFICERS 11 DELEGATES ARE IN
T WOH CTOItST IS IDE FOB RIGHTS
Petersburg, Va.t June 20.—A
peculiar state of affairs took place
hrre this week. For the first time in
its existence, the meeting of the Grand
Lodge, Knights of Pythias and the
G’and Court, Order of Calantbe con
wued under the control of the Com
missioner of Insurance, a receiver ap
pointed by the Circuit Court of Rich
mond. His unfamiliarity with Pyth
ian Law made many embarrassing
complications, which finully resulted
in his naming the officers of the Grand
I.i/dge and a demand from him that
they bo elected by the Grand Lodge
as he would reconize no others.
This created a peculiar situation
and when Sir S. W. Green, Supreme
Chancellor injected himself Into the
p:oceedings, bedlam reigned. For ap
proximately two hours. Chairman J.
Thomas Hewin endeavored to secure
Older. Col. Giles B. Jackson, who
maneuvered the program sat as help
less as a babe on the rostrum while the
delegates expressed themselves in no
uncertain tone. Many got up and walk
ed out and with their retirement, he
addressed the body being followed by
Sir E. G. Tidrlngton of Evansville
Indiana, Supreme Vice Chancellor
and the head of the Court* of Ca
lanthe.
Col. Button had stated that the Su
preme Chancellor, S. W. Green had
agreed to pay over $21,000.00 to th-i
Grand Lodge of Virginia on its death
claims with the understanding that
the Grand Lodge of Virginia would
pp.v $2,000.00 for the expense of the
litigation. This sounded "mighty
good,” but it was later admitted that
Supreme Chancellor Green had no au
thority to make any such promise
The slate .finally offered by Col. But
ton, Commissioner of Insurance and
which was forced upon the Grand
•or William M Reid of Portsmouth.
Va.; Grand ^^ce-Cbancellor W. B. F.
Crowell of Roanoke. Sir Crowell was
cn the slate for Grand Chancellor.
Sir Clifton G. Cabell of Lynchburg;
Grand Prelate: Sir A. V. Norrell, Sr.,
Grand Keeper of Records nnd Seal;
Sir E. R. Jefferson, Grand Master of
Exchequer. Sir A. A. Tennant, Grand
Medical Register; Sir .T. E. Byrd.
G and Inner Guard; Sir W. T. Stokes
Grand Outer QAiard; Sir Joshua Wil
liams, Grand Master at Arms.
Some of these were on the Mitchell
Sl.ite. Sir W. H. Reid was named to
preside over the Grand Lodge. This
wa:- protected inasmuch as the form
er Grand Officers should preside.
Counsel for the old officers was pres
ent and advised in the premises.
Notice was served that inasmuch as
ti v officers were olected in a way con
trary to the constitution of the Grand
L-.dge of Virginia, they would not bo
recognized ns the legal officers of the
Grand Lodge. The Supreme Lodge offl
ciels made addresses, but they did not
confirm the report of Col. Joseph But
ton.
The Commissioner of Insurance an
ncunced that he would not turn over
the order to its officers at this session
and announced that it would be six or
seven months before he would do so.
although it might he sooner. The
Grand Represent ini ves In both bodies
wrre grievously disappointed and it
se.ms to be that trouble will be fhe
result of this action.
CTrlZEN’S CLTTI TO OPEN NEGIU
-ART GALLERY.
‘Hint sterling aggregation of our
foremost race o( men. known ns The
Citizen’s Republican Club of Philadel
phia. ever In the forefront of move
inenis for social uplift, has launched
a project that for aeathoffc and intel
lectual enjoyment could scarcely bo
surpassed.
Priefly, the!” place Is ns follows. —
Immediately after the enlargement of
tt'e’r present commodious Club
House they propose to set aside space
to be used as a gallery for Negro Art
exclusively.
The whole arf-world knows of the
fcm*> of Tnr.W'r and Net a Vntix War
rick Fuller, but is Ignorant of tue
fai't tlint there are scores, possibly
hundreds, of Negro artists whose
woik is sufficiently meritorious to
warrant being hung in a gallery and
s-en and admired by the public.
It is perfectly obvious what an in
spiration such an exhibition would be
to our young people. In addition to
having this permanent exhibition of
Negro Art, there will be competitive
exhibitions and special exhibitions at
silted intervals, qt which prises will
be nwarded.
This brilliant idea of having a Gal
lery of Negro Art, (the first of itk
kind in the world) originated in'the
mind of Mr. John A. Davis, one of the
ar,.st members of the Citizen's Repub
lican Club and has the full endorse
ment and hearty cooperation of the
President of the Club, Mr. Edward
Henry.
Artists de.**’ring to have their wont
hung in the permanent or competitive
exhibition should submit same to Mi.
John A. Davl<. Chairman of Art Com
nnttee. Citizen's Republican Club
Philadelphia.
NOTES FROM ARMSTRONG HIGH
SCHOOL. OOMMENCEMENl .
Facing an audience that filled every
conceivable spuce in the City Auditor
ium, the graduating class of the Arm
I strong High School of 1923 went down
it history as being the' largest to re
ceive diplomas from the school during
the life of the institution, there being
84 in number.
Those who attended these exercises
witnessed a new and interesting feat
uie on the program, when the Princi
i pal, Mr. W. H. Adams, announced as
an innovation, the awarding of thres
scholarships to Union University, »a
offered by the Armstrong Alumni As
i sedation. The scholarships were
awarded to the three pupils graduat
ing writh the first, second and thirn
highest aevrages. These honors fell to
Misses Thelma Cephas, Ruby Cephas,
and Beatrice Armstead, the first twro
being sisters.
The-Alumni Association also offer
ed two medals for the two highest
averages made by pupil teachers, and
tnese were awarded to Misses Elsie
Graves and Freda McCray.
SHARON BAPTIST CHURCH. '
Sunday, June 24th. Location: Corner
of Leigh anti First Streets.
10:00 A. M. Sunday School.
Sermons by the pastor.
11:30 A. M. Subject: “The Reconstrue
five Ohnracter of the Church’s Mis
sion.”
3:30 P. M. For the benefit of the
pastor’s club in our special Organ
I)j Ive—A Pew Rally under the auspi
ces of Berkeley's Heliotrope Benevo
lent Society.
8:15 P. M. Subject: “Worldliness. ”
Regular Prayer Service every Wed
nesday at 8:00 P. M.
Our Special Organ Drive will end
July 15, 1923. Every1 team captain Is
u*-ged to keep the closing date in
mind as the Canvass proceeds among
the members and friends. All are re
spending well. We thank each and
everyone for the support given thus
far. Our services will continue in the
Lecture room on account of the alter
attons now being made to receive the
organ. All are welcome.
Rev. R. H. Johnson. M. A., B. D„
pastor; W. L. Johnson, clerk.
fXlXTHIIM'TES TO DEFENSE FEND
Mr. John Mitchell. Jr.,
Dear Sir:—
"Von will find enclosed a small sum
of $28.00 from Mrs. Lucy Cross’s chib
from friends an those wno are m
sympathy with you. Hoping to make
another report, soon.
Vours in F. H. and L..
—MRS LUCY CROSS
SOLDIERS FIRE ON
SAVJU1IH MOB IS
IT TRIES TO LYNCH
MIN HELD IN JIlL
r ' - .
Atlanta, Gn., June 20.—Governor
Hardwick today signed nn order au
tV.orizing Adjutant-General Lewis T.
P»<pe to establish military rule at Sa
vannah, where a mob threatened the
Jail early today to capture a Ngrc*
he.d on a charge of attacking a whito
woman, in the event the situation de
m.'.nded such action.
Savannah, Ga„ June 20.—Deserted
st:eets, dark and silent, guarded over
by the keen eyes of the law early to
day stood out in marked contrast over
the stormy scene of a few hours be
fore, when a mob of more than 2,000
pa»tons assembled before the jail
whore Walter Lee, Negro, charged
with criminal assault upon a white
woman is being held.
A check-up on the number or
wounded got under way as soon a*
possible. Several persons are in hos
pitals in a more or less serious condi
tion.
Oscar C. Parker, Jr., was the only
person killed so fur as is known
Parker was shot in the stomuch in the
onrush of the mob and died a short
time later in a hospital. George Bart,
a baker s son, is suffering seriously
from a wound received in the firing.
POLICE CHIEF HIT.
Chief of Police Hendry la suffering
r/om bruises as tbe result of having
b«tn struck In the stomach with a
brick.
The mob formed shortly before mid
n fiht when word spread throughout
tae elty that Lee was being held in
the city jail. Sheriff Merrit W. Dixon
sought to disperse the gathering, but
failed. He then ordered city firemea
to turn water on the mob and six
streams poured out.
Briks were hurled at the firemen
Chief Hendry was struck and Sherid
Dixon’s revolver was knocked from
his band.
TROOPS CALLED OUT.
Meanwhile, when the menace ap
pea red to grow, troops were called out
by Mayor Seabrooks. A detachment
°- rr-afhine gunners under command
o' Major A. Russell Moore reached the
jail and took position.
A section of the mob began to clos?
in and firing ensued. It i8 believed
that then Parker received his fatal
wiund. Lieutenant I. C. Helmly, Jr.,
Battery C. national guard was struck
in the face with a brick hurled bv th *
mob. Under Lieutenant-Colonel j. H
Thompson, the military then pushed
clowd ,>ack two blocks from thu
Rifles wore fired over the bends
Of the mob At 2:30 o’clock the crowd
hurl dispersed.
4y ARRESTED DY MILITARY.
At 9 o clock this morning units ot
tuo 118th field artillery and the Geor
gui Hussars, numbering more than
l.'»0 were still on guard at the jail.
A conference of military authorities
an 1 police officials was scheduled for
this morning, after Brigadier Genera*
R J. Travis reacher Savannah.
I'ntil police court opened this morn
i'’g. it was problematical whether tho
49 alleged members of the mob who
were arrested by the military last
n.ght would be given a tearing this
morning. They are being held in tno
city barracks.
All was quiet around the Jail this
morning. Temporary breastwork*
have been thrown up by the military
and guards arc patrolling the nearby
Streets.
Tho Savannah jail according to rec
ords, has never been successfully
stormed by a mob. Entrance to it i»
through a gate set in a high brick
wall and if entrance could be effected
here It would require the penetration
of the main door, which is of steeT
hnd which leads to the Jail offices be
fore the cells are reached It Is sa<1
trmt a small a»-m<d force could rop'd
n large molt for seme time by holding
the first entrance.
Identity of the Leo became known
to the police yesterday afternoon and
the search begun for lifm. Al
though but 19 yrnrs old. he is a'vord
Ing to the pollre. has a criminal record
from the Juvenile farm and chain
fang.
(News leader June 20.)