Los Angeles herald. [volume], May 07, 1891, Page 6, Image 6

About Los Angeles herald. [volume] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1890-1893

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6
ITS FIRST 100 YEARS.
WASHINGTON WAS FOUNDED JUST
A CSNTURY AGO.
Robert Graces Makes the Centennial of
the Capital the Text of an Interesting
Lettat—The One Time Fiaee of "Street*
aad No Houses" Now 11 Magnificent City.
Washington, April 30.—The CapitaP
City of the American republic is 100 years
eld this month. It was in April, 1791, that
tbe corner stone of the District of Colum
bia, created under the law which located
the capital dn the banks of the Potomac,
was laid amid imposing ceremonies. The
earner stone was set at a place known as
Jones' point, near the old town of Alexan
dria, which was George Washington's
county town. Poor old Alexandria now
has little bat age to recommend it. It is
not even in the federal district. Grass
grows luxuriantly iv its quaint old streets,
and its travelers are chiefly thoso who
come to see the church in which George
Washington had his pew, and the hotel in
which brave young Ellsworth was shot.
It is a sleepy suburb ot the capital itself—
the capital which was planted in the mud
and built in a century to be one of the finest
cities in the world. I want to tell you
something about this Capital City of ours,
in which we all take the interest of joint
proprietorship; but before writing of the
capital as it is after 100 years of growth, let
us, for the sake of contrast, go back, an
even century to that April in 1791 when the
masons and the capital commissioners and
prominent citizens of Virginia and Mary
land picked their way amid the rank grass
and underbrush to Jones' point. They
were in the midst of a country which nar
rowly escaped deserving the name wilder
ness. But for nearby Alexandria, a mere
hamlet, the village of Georgetown, whose
chimneys could be seen two or three miles
up the Potomac, and a half dozen houses
on the Maryland side of the river, there
would have been few if any signs of civili
zation within the range of vision.
But the scene on the opposite side of the
river must have roused the love of nature
and stirred the prophetic souls of that par
ty. There lay the site of the future capi
tal of the new republic. First, next the
water's edge, a low plain, partly tilled by
Bavy Burns and two or three other set
tlers. Back of this a succession of pla
teaus, one rising gently from another. At
the extreme right a noble height,spacious,
level, commanding, surrounded on three
sides by running water. To the south, at
a little distance, the broad Potomac. To
the east the Anacostia branch. To the
west a rivulet of clear water, running its
way through meadows and pasture lands-
Tiber creek, now no more. On the west
ern brow of this Roman hill prophetic eyes
saw a great white Capitol rearing its airy
head toward the skies, supporting at its
greatest height the Goddess of Liberty.
Bending from the Roman hill, far to the
north and west, was to be seen a wooded
height, forming a vast semicircle, and in
closing, as in an amphitheater, the plains
and plateau already spoken of, and joining
the Potomac again at Georgetown. There
another silvery stream —Rock creek—came
pouring forth from its rocky glens. This
was the scene which, George Washington's
eyes had beheld as he rode his horse along
the old road from Alexandria to George
town, on the opposite side of the river—a
road, still traveled, which now skirts his
toric Arlington estate. It was the site
which his practical, comprehensive eye saw
was by nature meant for a city's seat.
How Washington's choice became that
of congress and the city's foundations
were laid is history, and I cannot stop to
recite history. It will suffice to make
passing reference to the rivalries of the
times, to the hopes that were borne only
to perish. There are in this country a
dozen towns and hamlets which once
dreamed of being the federal city. Havre
de Grace, Trenton, Germantown, Williams
port, Md.; Kingston, N. V.; Wrightsville,
Pa., are among them. To this day, no
doubt, their oldest inhabitants will tell you
bow rich they would have been had their
fathers' dreams been realized. To quote
history again, probably not more than one
half the readers of this letter know that
the content for the capital finally narrowed
down to New York and some indefinite
place on the Potomac, and that even
Washington's influence might have been
unable to wrest the prize from the me
tropolis had Hamilton not thrown his
weight on Washington's side in exchange
for southern support for his treasury
policy.
The state of Virginia, then the mostpop
ulous In the Union —and all Virginia had
less than one-half as many inhabitants as
the city of New York has—was a great
power in favor of the Potomac. So tbe
capital came to this beautiful amphithea
ter, environed by the wooded heights that
stretched four miles from Capitol hill
to old Georgetown. Thus was found
ed the only capital of a first class power in
the world that was the thought, the per
formance of the government itself. We
might except St. Petersburg, but St.
Petersburg was the thought and the per
formance of the emperor; and even he
built less for a capital than for "a window
looking out into Europe."
George Washington himself came down
here to start the federal city in its career.
He picked his way among the underbrush
and waded through the mire of cultivated
fields; wrangled two days with obstinate
Davy Burns, who did not want his farm
spoiled to make a city, and finally con
cluded an arrangement with the land own
ers by which they were to cede about 5,000
acres to the government, retaining every
alternate lot.
The government also took for its own
uses as a federal reservation about 540
acres, and made a great mistake to not re
serving more; for it is this very week buy
ing in this city the site for a new post
office, originally a pa?t of Davy Burns'
farm, and paying for it at the rate of about
five dollars per square foot, or more than
$300,000 an acre. For its 540 acres it paid
just a century ago only $00.00 per acre.
Still the government did very well. As a
federal real estate speculation the new
capital site turned out a success. The 10,
--000 lots which fell to Its share, taking every
other lot in the whole tract, brought it,
from first to last, more than a million dol
lars.
A hundred years ago it was pretty du
bious whether there would ever be a city
here or not. During the lirst ten o: fifteen
years of itn life the new .apital had a hard
time of it. Even George Washington was
more worrjed about the prospects of bis
bantam city than he was the future of the
young republic. There was here so much
mud, so many discomforts, the place was so
inaccessible and the outlook so gloomy,
that the people threatened to rebel and
movo the capital farther north or further
■oath, anything to get it out of this un
promising hole. The young capital was
unmercifully ridicnled. Every visitor re
turned home to decry it. In 1796 George
town, where all the important people lived,
was described as houses without streets,
while Washington, in which few but labor
era dwelt, was said to be streets without
houses.
In that year Georgetown had about 350
dwellings, Washington nothing but the
president's house, the foundations of the
Capitol, a few scattering hotels and
boarding houses and a motley array
of huts for the 4,000 mechanics at work
on the public buildings to live iv. Kven
as late as 1804, when Tom Moore, the
poet, visited Washington—the public
offices and congress had come hither
in 1800—strangers inquired where the city
was while they were in the very midst ot
it Pennsylvania avenue was full of
stumps and bushes and browsing cows.
Quails and other birds were shot within
100 yards of the Capitol while congress was
In session. Moore's sarcastic verse, aimed
at the young Washington, was printed and
laughed at the world over.
Yet the people who lived here then were
crazy on real estate. Some of them have
not yet recovered. Thornton, one of tho
commissioners, predicted in fifty years a
city ot 180,000 people. Speculation was
rampant. Every one thought Capitol hill
was to be the choice part of the city, and
many lots then were sold at higher prices
than they have ever brought since. Tho !
Capitol was faced toward the tract of level
ground at the top of this hill, but the
speculators put the prices of lots so high
that the town grew faster in the other di
rection, nnd within the past live years con
gress has spent a million dollars putting a
new terrace on the west front of the Capi
tol, in an effort to turn the big building
around, as it were, to face the real city.
That is what a real estate craze will do
when it gets started. It is even said that
Washington came to be called "The City
of Magnificent Distances," localise so many
real estate speculators, who) expected to
grow rich buying lots, appealed to the au
thorities to place the public buildings far
apart in order that a great part ot the city
might be brought within the influence of
government improvements.
Few of these real estate speculations
turned out luckily. The government made
money. Nearly every one else went bank
rupt. Kven the government had hard
times for a while. It set up lotteries to
raise funds with which to complete the
public buildings. It had to borrow money
of the state of Maryland iv order to get the
Capitol ready for congress. For a time the
new city grew very slowly. It was so
wretched and inaccessible that few people
came here unless under necessity. Tbe
only way of getting into the town washy
stage coach, and the roads were execrable.
George Washington frequently occupied
a week in journeying from Georgetown to
Philadelphia, a distance which we now
travel in three hours. When the govern
ment came down here in 1800 there was a
population of only 8,000. Ten years later
there \v;is about the same number. In
ISM the population had grown to 13,000,
and by 1830 to 20,000. Kven iv 1800, at the
outbreak of the civil war, the population
was only 00,000, and except for the mag
nificence of some of the public buildings it
was still a scattering, muddy, woebegone
sort of capital.
Compare the commencement of this ef
fort to create a capital with the outcome.
Washington the Wretched has given way
to Washington the Magnificent, The first
great step was when Alexander Shepherd
lifted the streets out of the mud nnd cov
ered them over with hundreds of miles of
asphalt as smooth as a floor and almost as
clean. Then a new era dawned. People
began to build line houses. Citizens of the
states came hero tor pleasure, and many of
them to remain as permanent dwellers.
Public utid private architecture sought it
higher level. Even now, more rapidly than
ever before, the old fashioned houses, tho
ancient gable roofs and unsightly walls are
giving way to modern structures.
To-day Washington has practically filled
the great amphitheater which immortal
George saw from the back of his mare
while riding along tho Virginia hills. For
the most part it is composed of modern
dwellings, rich and tasty. Throughout
one large section, the aristocratic north
west, street after street and avenue after
avenue may be seen, all skirted by small
palaces, with here and there greater ones
conspicuous. The streets all run tit right
angles, but tho avenues, extending across
the city in all directions, intersect at many
points in squares and circles, and at every
one of these intersecting points stands a
statue or monument. Washington not
only has some of the finest examples of mod
ern architecture, but throughout the city
the wide streets and open spaces give op
portunity for display to best advantage.
Uncle Sam has already expended in build
ings here a hundred million dollars, and
in the next century he will spend another
hundred millions.
Not only is the amphitheater full, but
the surrounding hills are overrun. On
their brow stand innumerable chateaux
and villas, with here and there a modern
palace. Electric railways run for miles in
two or three directions, piercing delightful
regions dotted with villas and elegant sub
urban homes. One of these railways ex
tends to the new Catholic university, which
is designed to lie the greatest institution
of learning on the continent. Another j
reaches to the former home of ex-President
Cleveland and the site of the great Method
ist university. A third carries passengers
to Glen Echo, where a vast Chautauquan
amphitheater, seating 7,000 people, is being
erected. Government is building on Cap
itol Hill the most magnificent library in
the world.
It has already the greatest museum, sav
ing one, in Christendom. In the beautiful
valley of Rock creek, adjacent to the aris
tocratic northwestern section, it is con
structing a national park which will iv
time be without a superior.
It needs no prophetic eye to see in the
capital of a hundred years hence not only
the seat of empire but a city of a million
souls, stately, magnificent, the home of a
population noted for wealth und culture, a
center of education, religion, science, liter
ature and art. Robert Graves.
Foreign News.
The general newspaper reader is often
struck and sometimes annoyed by the fact
that the journals of the Atlantic cities
give much space to European news which
interests almost no one in the interior, and
that the Pacific coast journals are falling
into the same habit as to the news from
Asia aud the islands of the Pacific. Trade
interests account for some of this, but
not all. Professor J. W. Draper main
tained that the Pacific coast people are
gradually becoming more Asiatic in feel
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rather have never ceased to be, somewhat
European. He that as it may, it is certain
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NOTICE TO STOCKHOLDERS.
DOUTHERN CALIFORNIA RAILWAY COM-
O pany—The annual meeting of the stock
holders of the Southern California Railway
Company will be held at the office of the com
pany, In the city of Los Angeles, on Thursday.
May it, Ix9l, at 10 o'clock a.m., to electa
board of directors for the ensuing year, and to
transact such other business as may properly
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Los Angeles. Cal., April 28, 1891. 4-28 td
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ADMINISTRATOR'S SALE AT PUB
LIC AUCTION.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT IN
pursuance of an order of the superior
court of Los Angeles county, California, made
on April 23,1*01, in the matter of the estate
of Jacob Hommel, deceased, the undersigned
administrator of said estate will sell at public
auction to the highest bidder for cash, and
subject to confirmation by said superior court,
on s-aturday, the 23d day of May, 1801, at the
places and hours hereinafter mentioned, all
the right, title, interest and estate of said Jacob
Hommel, at the time of his death, ami all the
right, title and estate that the said estate lias
acquired, other than or in addition to that of
said Jacob Hommel, at the time of his death,
in and to that certain real property hereinafter
described, situate in Los Angeles county, Cali
fornia, to wit:
Lots 1, 2 and 3 of Stevens' subdivision of lots
17, 1«, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23, of block H, Fort
Hill tract, in Los Angeles city, will be sold on
said premises, corner of Philadelphia street
and Bellevue avenue, at 10 o'clock a.m., on
said May 23, 1891.
The following lots situate in Los Angeles
city, viz: Lots 6, 7, 8, block 1, Rosemont
tract: the equitable interest in lot 23, block 1,
Rosemont tract, under contract of sale from J.
H. Burks to J. D. Fyke, dated May 11, 1887,
assigned by Fyke to Jacob Hommel, there be
ing due to said J. H. Burke upon said lot lltil
and interest from May 11, 1887, at 8 per cent,
per annum.
Lot 20, block 33, Los Angeles Improvement
company's subdivision of part of lot 2, block
38. Hancock's survey; lot 9, block 1, Waterloo
tract: undivided one-half of lot 8, block 7,
Marathon tract; lotß 8, 9, 22. block A; lot 2.
block Dj lot 22, block C, and lot 27, block X, of
the Cable Road tTact.
Also the following lots in East Santa Monica,
to wit: Lot 9, block 42; lot 41, block 38; lot 1,
block 32, will be sold in Los Angeles city, Los
Angeles county, in front of the county clerk's
office, at the old court house, at the hour of 12
m., on said May 23, 1891.
Terms and conditions of sale: Cash, lawful
money of the Uuited States; 10 per cent, of the
purchase money to be paid to the auctioneer
on the day of sale, balance on confirmation of
sale by said superior court; deed at expense of
purchaser. W. 8. WATERS.
Administrator of the Estate of Jacob Hommel,
deceased,
Dated April 20, 1801. 4 30 td
NOTICE.
108 ANGELES AND PACIFIC RAILWAY
j Company.—Location and principal place
of business, Los Angeles city, California. There
is delinquent upon the following described
stock, on account of assessment levied Febru
ary 27, 1891, the several amounts set opposite
the names of the respective shareholders, as
follows:
CEKTIFI- NO. OF
st■ use t.ibebs. cate no. shares, amount.
< 24 100 $200.00
A. Gay-ford" ) 25 100 200.00
( 2G 100 200.00
C. Cole 2«0 50 100.00
_ _ _ ' (33 f>o 100 00
b - r- " ecs j 34 50 100.00
T. Bennington 82 20 40.00
C. B. Woodhead .... 250 7 14.00
Jennie L. Wicks ... 248 300 000 00
M. L. Wicks 257 50 100 00
And in accordance with law and an order oi
the Board of Directors, made on the 31st day of
March, 1891, so many shares ef each parcel of
said stock as may be necessary will be sold at
No. 200 N. Los Angeles street, Los Angeles city,
on the 20th day of April, 1801, at 11 a in. of
said day. to pay delinquent assessments there
on, together with costs of advertising and ex
pense of sale. *
4- 4-td ' F. E FRANTZ, Secy.
At a meeting of the Board of Directors, held
on the 20th day of April, 1891, it was resolved
that the above advertised sale of stock be post
poned to Wednesday, May 20. 1891.
4-21td F. E. FRANZ, Secretary.
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is considered before mere outward appearance.
JAMES MEANS $2 SHOE for Boys, JAMES MEANS FARMER SHOE and JAMES MEANS
QUARTER EAGLE BOOTS FOR FARMERS are all staple lines that always give satisfaction.
Boots and .Shoes from ourlcelebrated factory are sold by
N . BENJAMIN,
(Sole Agent;for Los Angelea)
BOSTON SHOE STORE
j.-i-i2m COR. MAIN AND SECOND, LOS ANGELES.
CARPETS! CARPETS!
Over Fifty Pieces, .1000 yards, Bigelow and other standard makes of Body Brussels
for sale at Sxtremely low prices.
WE ARE OVERSTOCKED IN THESE GOODS.
Also a complete line of other Carpets, and all kinds of Furniture at Lowest Prices.
New Goods constantly arriving from the East.
NILES PEASE,
337-339-341 SOUTH SPRING.
4-12-3 m
Wotki, 5U 513 and 675 North Main Street. Telephone No. 46
MAIN OFFICE, UNDER LOS ANGELES NATIONAL BANK, FIRST AND SPRING STREETS.
Dress Shirts and Lawn Tennis Suits and Tennis Shirts Neatly Done.
3eod-3m