LOS ANGELES HERALD.
VOL. 37.—N0. 24.
CHILEAN AFFAIRS.
A Review of Events Since the
War.
Hostility Towards Americans
Explained.
The Cougressionalists Have Much
Cause for Complaint.
The Charge* Again*! MlnUtsr Egan Not
Well Founded—Bitter Attack.
on Admiral Brown—Brit-
Uh Bu*ybodle*.
Aiaociated Preii Dlapatohos. •-■ w
Nbw York, Nov. 12. —The Associated
Tress has received from its special cor
respondent in Chile, a series of com
munications concerning the events
since the overthrow of Balmaceda's
government, detailing at length with
matters of interest to Americans, and
giving many interesting details of events
which heretofore have been but briefly
touched upon in cablegrams.
Speaking of the hostile attitude to
ward the United States government,
and particularly against Minister Egan,
he says the majority of the charges are
apparently without foundation, and
arise principally from the fact that the
American officers in Chile did not give
moral and physical support.
There is hardly a foreign resident at
any port along the entire coast of Chile
who did not sympathize to a great ex
tent with the cause of the revolutionists.
The latter assert that the United States
government at Washington was not
made acquainted with the true state of
affairs in Chile.
SEIZURE OF THE IT AT A.
The seizure of the steamer ltata was
the first incident which aroused decided
ill feeling, and the American officers
who were in Iquique at the time express
the opinion that the revolutionists
would never have surrendered had it
not been for the presence of a strong
United States naval force.
CUTTING OF TUB CAULK. '"^^Ci
The next thing was the cutting of the
cable line of the Central and South
American company, near Iquique. The
revolutionists refused to allow cable
messages to be sent from Valparaiso and
other points controlled by Balmaceda.
The cable was owned by an American
company who appealed to the United
States representatives for relief. Cap
tain Schley, of the Baltimore, directed
that the cable be cut beyond the dis
tance of a marine league from shore.
The revolutionist ships Cochran and
Huascar, were present, but the Balti
more was prepared for any resistance
they might offer.
The revolutionists make the claim
that the Americans had cut the cable so
Halmaeeda's spies in the northern part
of Chili could Bend information to Lima
by another cable line, which was intact,
and then have it re»ent from Lima to
Valparaiso, over the American cable,
which had been cut.
Consequently, during the last days of
the war the revolutionists had come to
regard the Americans, particularly the
naval representatives here, as allies of
Balmaceda and were prepared to believe
any report which might seem to sub
stantiate their views.
ATTACKS ON ADMIRAL BROWN,
The more violent attacks, however,
were made on Admiral Brown. They
assert that he brought information of
their landing in Quintero, eighteen
miles north of Valparaiso, to Balma
ceda. This story and Admiral Brown's
letter in explanation have already been
published in this country. The corre
spondent says, when the admiral re
turned to Valparaiso with his flagship,
the San Francisco, he sent a cipher dis
patch ashore for the navy department
at Washington. The officer who took
it had to have it approved by the in
tendente, and within an hour or two
after he had filed it, Balmaceda's troops
were moving toward Quintero, and the
newspapers had out extras, in which it
was published that the San Francisco
had just arrived with news of the land
ing of the revolutionists at Quintero.
The revolutionary press has been very
bitter in its attacks on Admiral Brown,
and charges are still being made against
him, despite his denials that his visit to
Quintero was in the interest of Balma
ceda.
A SUSPICIOUS CIRCUMSTANCE.
Much capital is being made out of the
fact that some official correspondence
between Balmaceda's ministers in Aug
ust, has been found, in which it is
stated that they are trying ''To get a
neutral vessel" to get certain informa
tion regarding the revolutionists. In
the present state of feeling, the belief is
general that the vessel referred to is
the San Francisco.
The correspondent says there is little
doubt that the foreign residents in Val
paraiso are assisting in fanning the
flame against Americans.
SHELTERING OF REFUGEES.
In a letter dated October 3d, the cor
respondent deals at length with the
matter of the refugees sheltered in the
American legation at Santiago, and the
trouble arising therefrom. He says
Minister Egan had instructions from
Washington that the United States
would continue to give asylum to refu
gees until the Chilean authorities guar
antee their safe removal to some neutral
territory, and further that the United
States would not permit its minister to
be harrassed because of the pres
ence of these refugees in the
legation. Captain Schley, of the
Baltimore, had also received in
structions from the navy department
regarding the arrival of persons entering
the legation. The correspondent says
the order waß revoked after Minister
Egan had entered a strong protest, but
spies were still watching the building.
There was ground to believe that a sim
ilar plan was resorted to in the case of
the Argentine legation, where Balma
ceda was sheltered. The ex-president,
knowing that escape was impossible,
suicided rather than subject the minis
ter to further responsibility. There is
no doubt that the Chileans intended
that the order of surveillance and arrest
should impress on the refugees in the
American legation a feeling that they
were causing Kgan trouble, and that it
was their duty to relieve him.
CAUSE OK THE REVOLUTION.
The correspondent at Santiago writes
that there is little doubt that the pri
mary cause of the revolution was the
fact that English interests in the nitrate
properties were threatened by Balma
ceda. Numerous instances developed
during the war in which valuable assist
ance was given the revolutionists by the
English representatives in Chile, and it
is a fact that the English residents are
now strong in their denunciations of the
Americans and misrepresentation of the
conduct, of the American officials. The
conservative Chileans state that the
present feeling will not continue, and
that commercial relations with the
United States will not be affected when
the present trouble has blown over.
Those open in opposition to America,
however, are very bitter.
HARSH METHODS OF RECONSTRUCTION.
The correspondent says the methods
of reconstruction pursued by the junta
are hardly in accord with strict ideas of
peace. On the Ist of October between
4000 and 5000 persons who had been
supporters of Balmaceda, were impris
oned, awaiting trial, and there are more
than 10,000 others, including nearly
every one known to have been connected
with the late government, whom the
present leaders announce their inten
tion to arrest. The correspondent
thought, however, that most of the
prosecutions would be abandoned after
the election, although they will be
pushed against all persons of any
prominence. There has been no appar
ent effort at reconciliation. The atti
tude of the present government has
been from the first such as to warn all
poisons who supported Balmaceda that
they were regarded as criminals.
The newspaper press of Santiago and
Valparaiso heartily support the new
government in this attitude, and since
the war closed, has been busily engaged
in printing columns of accounts of the
"outrageous crimes" of the Balmacedan
administration.
OUTRAGES FOLLOWING THE WAR.
The correspondent asserts that many
of the defeated soldiers of Balmaceda
were slaughtered on the fields at Placilla
after they had been disabled by wounds.
The high officials disclaim responsibility
for these actions, and for the sacking of
houses in Santiago. The destruction in
Sautiago was enormous. The most
magnificent residences in the city, be
longing to members of Balmaceda's
party, were entered and everthing they
contained demolished. Doors and win
clows were broken out and nothing left
but the bare walls. Persons charged
with having- performed criminal acts
umler Balmaceda's administration, have
suffered the confiscation of their prop
erty.
EGAN's COURSE DEFENDED.
In a letter under the date of October
15th the correspondent says among the
Americans in Chile, ur at least those
who respect the community in which
they live, there is not to be fon.nl one
who expresses any sympathy with the
charges made against Egan here and in
a section of the American press. Egan's
policy, ho says, has been one calculated
to advance American interests in Chile.
Without any attempt at secrecy, he en
deavored to make arrangements with
the Chilean government, then repre
sented by Balmaceda, by which an in
ducement would be offered for American
capital to become interested in the val
uable nitrate property in the northern
part of the country. This enterprise
had hitherto been, and still is, con
trolled almost exclusively by the En
glish.
THOSE "IMPROPER CONTRACTS."
This was the chief of the "improper
contracts" with the Balmaceda govern
ment which Egan is accused of making.
The most he could have obtained, and
the most he had any intention of ob
taining, was a share of the nitrate busi
ness for Americans who might care to
enlist in the enterprise, but there was
hardly an Englishman in all Chile who
did not regard these efforts on the part
of the American minister as a direct
menace to English interests, and there
has hardly been an Englishman in Chile
since that time who has not contributed
his share to the general outcry against
Egan and all Americans.
Minister Egan also endeavored to
agitate the establishment of an Ameri
can steamship line on the west coast of
South America, and was instrumental
in having the American cable lines ex
tended to Valparaiso. He undertook
other measures of a similar nature, and
in all these efforts to advance the inter
ests of his country, he met with the
same opposition, and the same criti
cism.
EOAN's NEUTRALITY.
All this occuried before the revolution
in Chile began. At that time many
American residents declared themselves
more or leBS openly, in favor of the rev
olutionists. Egan did not do so for the
very good reason that he was accredited
to the government headed by Balma
ceda. The insurgents, however, at all
times admitted but one principle, and
that was that persons who did not de
clare openly in their favor, must be op
posed to them. AVhen the ltata was
seized, the English residents started the
charge that Egan was responsible for
the seizure, although he knew nothing
about it beyond what he read in the
Chilean newspapers.
The correspondent says -Egan was
never accused of visiting Balmaceda or
the representatives of his government
and afterwards declaring openly in favor
of the insurgents and expressing the
hope that they would win. On the con
trary, Kennedy, the British minister,
and other foreign diplomats expressed
loud opinions in favor of the insurgents.
Egan courts the fullest investigation as
to his neutrality during the whole prog
ress of the war, and some of the most
prominent men in the Congressional
party now do not hesitate to declare
that his position was one of strict neu
trality. The English residents and En
glish minister, however, continue to
circulate annoying rumors about Egan,
and keep before the public insulting in
[CONTINUED ON FIFTH PAGE.]
FRIDAY MORNING. NOVEMBER 13, 1891.—TEN PAGES.
DICTATOR FOR LIFE.
Fonseca's Lease of Power to
Be Perpetuated.
The Army and Navy Forces
Supporting Him.
His Warships Manned by Means of
Impressment.
The Claim Made That the Revolution la
Under Control—Advice* From
Other Source* Say the
Kevolt I* Spreading.
Atftoclatt-d PresH Dispatcher
Rio Janeiro, Nov. 12.—Reports were
current in the city today to the effect
that the army and navy forces were
making preparations to proclaim Fon
seca life dictator of Brazil. The govern
ment is securing a full complement of
men for the warships by means of im
pressment. A press gang is actively
engaged in the work of pouncing upon
and forcibly conveying to the ships all
eligible men who, they think, would
make desirable members of a crew. A
number of officers have started from
Rio Grande do Sul, at which place it is
reported those who have taken part in
the revolutionary movement against the
dictator are now completely under the
control of the government.
TICK REVOLT STILL SPREADING.
New York, Nov. 12.—The Herald's
Valparaiso cable cays the latest advices
from Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil, are
to the effect that the revolt against Fon
seca continues spreading. The insur
gents are increasing in number hourly,
and the rebels show great boldness.
One band fully armed attacked and cap
tured the town of Santa Ana. Yuga
raon, Santa Victoria and Porto Alegre
are said to be the only towns that sup
port the dictatorship. All others in
Rio Grande do Sul are said to have
espoused the side of the rebels.
The revolutionists are reported to 1
have raised large bodies of volunteer
troops. The plans of the insurgents are
not yet fully understood, but it is said
they will lose no time in attacking the
towns which remain true to the dictator.
Their object seems to be to gain posses
sion of these places before the arrival of
the gunboats, monitors and transports
which Fonseca has sent to quell the in
surrection. The 80,000 Germans in the
state are said to be among the warmest
partisans of Fonseca. A goodly portion
of them have served in the German
army.
There are some 0000 Brazilian sol-"
diers in Rio "Grande do Sul; they form
nearly one-half of all of the government
forces. The spirit of discontent has
often manifested itself in their ranks.
Viscount de Poletas, who is said to be
one of the chiefs of the revolutionists, is
82 years old, and was former governor of
Rio Grande do Sul. He succeeded Mar
tinez. He was a warm friend
of Martinez, and this fact be
coming known to the new government,
he was ousted from office, and Marechal
De Frota appointed in his place. He
also was a friend of Martinez and was
succeeded by the present governor,
Castilho, whose loyalty to Fonseca does
uot appear to be in the least questioned.
It is reported tonight that the states
of Bahia and Pernambuco, as well as
Rio Grande do Sul, intend to declare
their independence. „
TRANQUILLITY REIGNS.
The Brazilian Foreign Minister Denies
That Serious Trouble Bxlsts.
Washington, Nov. 12.—Sefior Men
donca, the Brazilian minister here, has
received a cablegram from the home
government, to continue to deny the
alarming rumors spread throughout
Europe in regard to the restoration of
the monarchy and the disturbance of
public order in Brazil. Rio de Janeiro
is declared to be perfectly quiet. Per
fect quiet is alleged to exist in all the
states except Rio Grande do Sul, where
the government has taken measures to
put down the conflict arising from the
struggle for supremacy between two
parties. The government will shortly
fix a day for congressional elections, ac
cording to the electoral law. The
restoration of the monarchy is opposed
almost universally, and that matter is
definitely settled.
The minister furnished a copy of the
above cablegram to Secretary Blame.
He explained that it was sent by Sefior
Chermont, Brazilian minister of foreign
relations, to the Lisbon mission, with
instructions to forward it to the Bra
zilian ministers in all the European
countries, as well as the United States.
NOT SO PEACEFUL.
Reports from British Sources Show an
Alarming Condition.
London. Nov. 12.—Following close up
on the sweeping denials made by the
Brazilian foreign minister, which as
sert that tranquility prevails throughout
Brazil, with the exception of some local
trouble in Rio Grande do Sul, comes a
dispatch from Rio Janeiro which shows
that the state of affairs is not so peace
ful as the foreign minister's dispatch
indicates. The evidence of reports is
that everything in the political situa
tion in Brazil points to a revolution
against the dictator.
A dispatch says General Fernandez,
who is one of the principal movers in
the revolt, has been arrested by the
dictator's order and lodged in prison;
that discontent is spreading among the
troops, and the garrison's stations at
several places, numbering in all about
4000 men, have declared against Da
Fonseca.
The Santiago correspondent of the
Times says: Further advices received
from Rio Grande do Sul are to the effect
that the garrisons at San Gabriel and
Para have also revolted against the dic
tatorship of Fonseca. The chief mem
bers of the opposition are Viscount
Petotas, Baron Juguy and Generals
Astrogildo and Tavare. The garrisons
at Santa Aua and lugurarao, the crews
of four gunboats, however, have declared
their readiness to support General Fon
seca, who is reported to be sending two
iron-clads, three transports and a large
number of troops to the assistance of
I Sefior Castilho, governor of Rio Grande
do Sul, who has remained faithful to
the dictator.
A later telegram says in Rio Grande
do Sul the opposition to Fonsaca
is triumphing almost wholly throughout
the province without serious fighting.
V iscountPetotas, Baron Juguy, J. Gugay
and Generals Astrogildo and Tavare
command, it is understood an army of
5000 men, infantry, cavalry and artillery,
and expect the arrival of a gunboat in
command of men favorable to their
cause. They also hope for the adhesion
to their cause of Castilho, of Rio Grande
do Sul, until now an adherent of Fon
saca. Castilho possesses great local influ
ence. Fonseca's expedition sent against
the Rio (irande seceders has not as yet
arrived in that province.
BRITISH JEALOUSY
Rcaponalble for tin, Alarming Report*
from Brazil.
Washington, Nov. 12.—The bureau of
American republics has, from semi-offi
cial sources, information in regard to
the present condition of affairs in Brazil,
to the effect that telegraphic and other
news coming from or via London, is
often entirely false, and generally dis
torted and magnified. British jealousy
of the increasing influence of the United
States in Brazil, and the fear of
losing commercial supremacy in that
country, are the motives which inspire
false and alarming dispatches concern
ing political disturbances in Brazil.
The situation at Rio Grande do Sul is
peculiar, party feeling having been
warmly aroused between the Republi
cans on the one hand, and the adher
ents of the Liberal party, the partisans
of the disposed leader,Silveria Martinez,
on the other. About one-third of the
population of that state is of German
descent, and a gentlemen thoroughly
acquainted with them, says among
them national feeling is much stronger
than attachment to the fatherland.
Therefore he thinks no secession move
ment can be permanently successful in
the state.
There is a tendency among the smaller
states to merge themselves with their
larger neighbors, and a clause of the
new constitution provides for such ac
tion.
BEFORE THE REVOLUTION.
Affairs at Klo and the Provinces In a
Very Panlckjr State.
New York, Nov. 12. —The Associated
Press lias a letter from its correspondent
in Rio Janeiro, Brazil, under date of
October 14th, which, while prior to the
breaking out of the revolution, contains
much of interest regarding the situation
in that country. The state of affairs,
the correspondent says, is far from sat
isfactory. In the last two years the
country has been flooded with paper
money, now amounting nominally to
$260,000,000, depreciated to less than 55
per cent of its nominal value. In conse
quence of this depression and burden
some taxes, all the necessaries of life are
at exorbitant figures, and constantly
'ricing. Salaries and wages, however,
have not risen. Strikes and disturb
ances, at one time almost unknown in
Brazil, have become frequent.
Rio Janeiro had just passed through
a serious disturbance, originating in a
ridiculously insignificant cause,
showing that in the irritated state of
public feeling many persons are ready
to seize on any pretext to cause trouble".
The manager of an opera company be
ing unpopular, a band of students one
night insisted on his coming before the
curtain to be hissed. He replied that
while duly grateful he must decline;
whereupon the students persisted in
their demands until the police inter
fered. Then followed a wild riot, in
which the interior of the opera house
was wrecked and many persons
injured. Next day the papers
attacked the police and speeches
were made on the street corners by
orators, among whom were some con
gressmen and officers of the army. At
night rioting began, and many persons
were wounded, twoor more being killed.
The army seemed in a great meas
ure to sympathize with the people
against the police. The rioting con
tinued until next day, but the excite
ment then quieted down. The corre
spondent predicts, however, that there
will be more rioting soon, both in Rio
Janeiro and elsewhere. Indeed, it was
reported at the date of his letter, that
the people of Amazonas had revolted
against the government, and in Alagoas
there was a riot, in which three people
were killed and a number wounded.
Congress for months had been at log
gerheads with the president, and had
accomplished little actual legislation.
The sanitary condition of the city is
very bad. In September there were
1322 deaths from smallpox, and some
from yellow fever. The committee on
diplomacy in the chamber of deputies
reported in favor of ratifying the treaty
for international arbitration, prepared
at the Pan-American congress.
It is stated that the Brazilian govern
ment will shortly ask for a revision of
the reciprocity treaty with the United
States. It is hoped in Brazil that Amer
ica will agree to a revision, which can
be effected in the interests of both
nations.
The interior of the state of Bahai is
suffering very much from drought, in
consequence of which it is said the state
has lost by death and emigration over
60,000 inhabitants.
A SQUARE BACKDOWN.
The United States Going; to Fay In
demnity to Italy.
Home, Nov. 12.—Italia says it under
stands that the United States govern
ment has recognized its responsibility
for a breach of international law in the
New Orleans lynching affair, the only
question being the amount of indemnity
to be paid by the United States.
Bound for South America.
Boston, Nov. 12.—Lieutenant Com
mander Manney is authority for the
statement that the United States
cruiser Newark will sail Saturday next
from the Charleston navy yard. There
is little talk now among the officers
about the Chilean affair, and it is not
known whether the cruiser will be
ordered to that country or not. It is
thought, however, that she is going to
South America.
Washington, Nov. 42.—The United
States steamer Kearsarge has arrived at
St. Thomas, West Indies.
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