Wilmington journal. [volume], July 05, 1866, Image 1

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VOL. 22.
WILMINGTON, N. C, THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 5, 1866.
NO. 22.
ter, can, under any circumstances, ho admitted.
3
III! II
1H
OUR DEAD.
BY. COLONEL A. M. HOBBY.
My house shall be called of all nations the house of
; r ; bnt ye have made it a den of tmeves.
"jioware of false prophets, w hich come to you in sheep
' ;hing ; but inwardly they are ravening wolves."
'a
It was the worst work that Satan and sin undertook in
tlar. world ; and they that suffered in it were not martyrs
j a good cause, but convicts in a bad one. Who shall
, .. afort them that sit by dishonored giaves V'
Sermon of Henry Ward Beecher.
Yil.-, brutal man! and darest thou
In God's anointed place to preach,
With impious tongue and brazen brow,
The lessons Hell would blnsh to teach ?
The cruel taunt thy lips hath hissed
Beneath Religion's holy screen
Is false as false as Iscariot's kiss ;
Is false as thou art vile and mean.
Are these the lessons which lie taught?
And was Hi mission here in vain?
Peace and good wil.' seem words of naught
Hell rules the earth with hate again !
And thou ! its chocn instrument,
Hyena like, with heartless tread,
Ilasi dared invade, with blood-hound scent,
The stored precincta of the dead.
Not such from those, dear, brave old South,
Whj met thee in thine hour of might !
But from the coarse, polluted mouth
Of coward curs who feared to fight.
Dear, loved old South ! contemn the curse
That those who hate shall heap on you ;
i ou ve wept behind War's bloody hearse
That bore away your brave and true !
Their precious b'ood, though vainly shed,
Long as thy shore old Ocean laves,
We'll bow with reverence o'er our dead,
And bless the turf that wraps their graves.
From Mexico to Maryland
Tho.se graves are strewn like autumn leaves
Wliat though no mother's tender hand
L'pon their tomb a ehaplet weaves.
Nor wives, nor sisters bend above
The Honored Soldier's unmarked mound
They are objects of eternal love
In consecrated Southern ground.
It recks not where their bodies lie
By Moody hill-side, plain or river
Their names are bright on Fame's proud sky,
Their deeds of valor live forever.
The song-birds of the South shall sing
From forests grand and flowery stem,
And gentlest waters murmuring,
Unite to hymn their requiem.
And Spring will deck their hallowed bed
With types of resurrection's day ;
And silent tears the Night hath shed,
The Morning's beam will kiss away.
Those heroes rest in solemn fame
Ou every field where Freedom bled ;
And shall we let the touch of shame
Fall like a blight upon our dead ?
No wretch! we scorn thy hatred now,
And hiss thy shame from pole to pole,
The brutes are better, far, than thou,
And Hell would blush to own thy soul.
''Dishonored graves V take back the lie
That's breathed by more than human hate,
Lest, Ananias-like, you die,
Not less deserving of his fate.
Our Spartan women bow in dust,
Around their country's broken shrine ;
True as their soul's are noble just,
Pure as their deeds have beeii divine.
Their Angel hands the wounded cheered
Did all that woman ever dares
When wealth and homes had disappeared ;
They gave us tears, and smiles, and prayers ;
They proudly gave their jewels up
For all they loved as worthless toys ;
Drank to the dregs Want's bitter cup
To feed our sick and starving boys.
Their glorious flag on high no more
Is borne by that unconquered band ;
'Tis furled upon the "silent shore"
Its heroes still around it stand.
No more beneath its folds shall meet
The armies of immortal LEE ;
The rolling of their drum's last beat
Is echoing in eternity.
Galveston, Texas, January, 186f.
From the Raleigh Standard.
It KM A It IiS OP JUDGE HOWARD,
OF EDGECOMBE,
. dm rent ion, June lC(, on the imposed change in the
lias is of Ttepvesenlation.
Mi:. President : A few days ago, when we had
hat. delegates are pleased to call a "love feast "
r what they considered a just and fair compromise-
of this question, feeling that it would be
. i less to attempt to stem the commingled tide of
eastern and "Western influence, and thinking that
; a few moments a vote would place the terms of
h- adjustment on record, I arose simply to enter
iy protest against it, either as a compromise or
embodying the true principles of sound con-
t vative government. I should have been con
: -it with this simple expression of my dissent,
i i.i.l the matter proceeded to its consummation.
I '.ut it did not, and as I find the Convention dis-
i imaged, while the delegates from Lincoln and
t 'range are settling the details of this "treaty of
.unity and peace," I hope I shall be pardoned for
tting forth the considerations which shall inrlu
ice my vote.
before doing so, however, I will candidly admit
hat when I first came to this city, and before I
1 id fully investigated and well considered this
jiiestion, I did express to Eastern delegates a pro-i-;ille
willingness to accept the provision about to
adopted. And I will also state, that I still be
ve that the West, nnder the new apportion
nt of power, will be incapable of inflicting
. 'iig upon the East, except by the desertion of
i.' t own representatives induced by the honors or
::i"luments of ollice.
Were this, then, a simple matter of State poli
cy, I would add nothing more ; but in my opin
n. it is not only no compromise, but the unjust
h turbance of a compromise, not my a desertion
i the great, conservative principles of govern
' lit. but a rejection of every principle upon
hieh a just, a fair, a successful resistance can be
Niade to radicalism.
lief ore the Convention of 1835, there was much
itation in this State upon this subject, and
, istly ko. The Convention met, and after mature
-nsideration, by mutual concession effected a
'-.inpromise. Considered as a mere distribution
f power between sections, a compromise wise
:.! just, for it gave to each section a branch of
;ho Ceneral Assembly. Either was powerless for
agression on the rights of the other ; both must
vince kindness and good will to effect the many
"hjri-ts of legislation a majority of numbers and
t majority of interests must concur. This was a
1 -"u! promise indeed, in substance as well as name ;
hut it was much more than a compromise. It was
i perfect embodiment of the highest, conserva--ve
principles of ' representative republican gov
' rninent. Let us examine its principles. The
Senate was based on taxation, the Commons on
i" pulation. Adopting the well considered and
established division of the political character of
t lie slaves a class combining the rights of per
v"iis and propevty they were allowed representa
tion as population, three-fifths as property two
idths while every freeman or freedinan was fully
-''presented.
'1 he rights of person and the rights of property
no the two great interests of society. The gov-
niuent which affords the surest protection to
j''th is that which is most entitled to the admira-!:,-n,
the love, and adoption of mankind. Disre
, .ul the rights of persons and the popular heart
velLs with discontent until physical power up
heaves Uie foundations of the social and political
hibric. Disregard the rights of property and that
"equality" which the delegate from Lincoln
set ta.s approvingly to evoke, shakes its red cap in
the face of authority and tramples beneath its de-
-crating tread every material interest w hich man
lias enshrined in his heart and consecrated by his
-'lections. The distribution of constitutional pow-
should harmonize aud protect all. This is true
"uservatisni, and most happily is it adjusted in
ur present Constitution. Yet found ed in justice,
approved by experience, binding as a compact of
compromise, ic is proposed now, when every
Southern voice should be raised for the sacredness
of constitutions, to abrogate and annul it ; and for
what ?
Mr. President, let us examine the proposition, of
the delegate from Lincoln. Analyse and view it.
It is monstrous. Insert it in the Constitution and
it amounts to this the negroes shall have no pow
er, either primary or delegated the whites shall
constitute a Democracy and the will of the numer
ical majority shall be the law of the land. Not a
check with which to defend the rights of a minor
ity or the rights of property an absolute nega
tion of the essential purpose of constitutions. Well
might the delegate from Halifax say, they dare
not adojit it if they could.
Constitutions are not, except in a delegated gov
ernment, to confer power but to restrain it.
Without Constitutions the majority rule. Such
are the purely Democratic governments of histo
ry. I hoped that such governments at this day
found no advocates, save among the reckless, the
bankrupt or the revolutionary. The delegate
from Lincoln is far from either, and yet he utters
such sentiments as these : " Why should property
be less secure or justice worse administered when
confided to the majority of the people of the whole
State ?" " Our government is based npon faith in
majorities." The context shows that he speaks of
nnmrriad majorities. He can find no such sen
tences among the writings of the recognized states
men of modern times ; and I am sure they accord
not with the settled convictions oi the delegate
himself. The able manner in which he has dis
cussed this question shows too clearly that he is
too wise and I know he is too conservative to de
sire the adoption of such principles. What is it
but the rejection of all Constitutions ? Yet the
pride and boast of our land have been that those
embodiments ot checks and balances m the exer
cise of power have wielded an influence more con
servative of the rights of minorities and property,
more powerful, to prevent the wrongs which pas
sion, or prejudice, or mistaught philanthropy or
unchecked fanaticism could inflict, than all the
"pomp and circumstance " and authority of roy
alty. And to-day we stand powerless, unprotect
ed, beneath the impending wrath of a numerical
majority, if this shield held by a powerful hand,
nerved by indomitable will, is stricken from above
us. Our only help now is in God and the broad,
fundamental, constitutional principles of justice
and right established by our fathers.
But, Air. President, I did not a rise to reply to
the delegate from Lincoln. This has been most
happily done by my friend from Halifax, with the
marked ability which he always displays, and with
that thoroughness and close adherence to princi
ple which dispense with the necessity of an ally.
1 will now consider this compromise ; but be
fore doing so, I would call the attention of the
Convention to one fact which has been overlooked,
the effects of the abolition of slavery. Gentle
men say the West is dissatisfied. Vitn lull
control of one branch of the Assembly, she could
only be dissatisfied about the Senate. If so, has
not the abolition of slavery already effected a most
happy compromise. The East will loose much
of her preponderance. It is true she will weaken
somewhat the prcponderence of the West in the
Commons, but will not this tend to equalize pow
er ? Will it not also have the effect of giving to
the middle counties a controlling influence ? Will
it not create three powers, as it were, adding thus
to the conservatism and increasing the chances of
a sound and stable government ? If this is a mere
distribution of power, the march of events has al
ready effected a just compromise. And with what
show of justice can you disturb it ? If the East
has lost her power in the Senate, secured in 1835,
as a final adjustment, by accident, how can you
fairly deprive her of that which she gains by the
same event '? How without a shame can you take
from her not only what she has gained but also
deprive her of much of the little she formerly had ?
A compromise indeed ! The East loses much by
abolition in the Senate, in her weakened
condition she is required to give all
she gains in the Commons by that event
and one-third of what she had before. The
West gains much in the Senate, in her new posi
tion of strength, in the mere accidental exercise
of power, regardless of former Constitutional com
promise, she takes from the East what she gains
in the Commons and much of what power she had
before. One gives all, the other takes all.
Strange compromise ! ! But it is said the West
has the power here and can take all, and therefore
she is magnanimous in this arrangement. Were
this so, would it release her from herplighted
faith of 1835? But it is not. Facts are stubborn
things. The West demanded the white basis en
tire, the proposition so ably argued by the dele
gate from Lincoln, and fought for so long as there
was hope. She demanded the proposition of the
delegate from Jackson, white basis in the Com
mons, and mixed basis in the Senate, and fought
it, until defeated by a decisive vote. This is all
that was left. She proposed to Icall it a compro
mise ! ! ! and took it without a struggle, it was
tossed in her lap by Eastern members. I blame
not the Western delegates, viewing it as a mere
matter of State policy. He who stands firmly by
his own people always commands my respect.
But, Mr. President, this is not a question of
mere State policy. It is not even a mere question
of policy. It is a matter of principle. In one
particular I concede to it correct principle. It gives
to property proper representation. But, sir, it
contains two fatal errors unjust in principle and
perfectly suicidal to us. The representation is de
pendent on suffrage, and that taxation is not de
pendent on representation. Is not this so?
The delegate from Lincoln says " the right of suf
frage being denied the negro, he cannot justly be
represented." Here the first principle is an
nounced, and with a conclusion that once admit
ted shuts the mouth of every Southern man. No
one would exempt the negro from taxation. Is
he represented? It may be said he is in the Sen
ate, but this is not true. A poll tax is paid for the
protection of personal rights, and always exerci
ses its power and claims its representation in the
body representing persons. It must be in propor
tion to population, and therefore diminishes rath
er than increases the power of the body represent
ing taxation as contradistinguished from persons.
The true principles of good government are ex
actly the reverse of these two principles, thus
embodied in this settlement. Representation is
not dependent on suffrage. The rights and the
interests of a community are so blended, so de
pendent each on the other for mutual prosperity,
that the interests of each may well be represented
without universal suffrage, and the fair adjustment
of the right of suffrage is a matter of convention ;
and in an agricultural community like ill's, where
land is so plentiful and labor so scarce, the inter
ests of the employer and employee, of capital and
labor, are harmonious, and the rights of the one
class will be as faithfully maintained as the rights
of the other. I cannot foresee what time may
develop, but I doubt not that interest will accede
to, aye, that interest will demand, whatever is
just, whatever is right, according to the funda
mental principles of sound, republican represen
tative government.
And of these fundamental principles there is
one that the American people will surely return to
and abide by. Taxation without representation is
tyranny. Where, I ask, do the friends of this
settlement propose to take their stand ? They
cannot forego taxation the " white population "
will not submit to that. Taxation without repre
sentation ! they cannot face that. . Representa
tion demands suffrage. They propose to vote
that. How, I ask, will they defend us ? How can
they sustain us in any contest with radicalism ?
How can they ask our proper representation in
Congress without, granting universal suffrage ? I
appeal to the delegates from the Eastern, the
Middle and the Western counties to pause before
they consummate this deed to pause before they
deprive us of every plank of reasoD, or justice, or
principle on "which we now stand. - - J
But the delegate from Guilford says the reiec-
? tion of this will cause a mighty agitation. I am
sure that he is mistaken. On the other hand
adopt it, and you will inaugurate an agitation
much more powerful, much more uncontrollable.
Sir, the negroes are in Eastern Carolina, and must
remain for yars. The peace, the prosperity of
our section depend on the cultivation, on our part,
of the best and kindest, relations. Their interests
are our interests, their welfare our prosperity, and
wnenever permitted, we wm show to them and the
world that whatever justice, right, or a common
interest demands, they shall have.
EUROPE THE MILITARY SITUATION,
Strength of the Hostile Powers The Question
Involved Probable Theatres of the War.
The following, in addition to explaining the
casus belli that now threatens to shake Europe to
its foundations, gives such information as to the
strength of the belligerents and their relative
geographical positions as will enable the reader,
with the aid of any modern school atlas, to com
prehend the present military situation, and to fol
low intelligently any subsequent movements that
may be made by any of the high contending par
ties. In view of the prospect of a great and
highly interesting war, we would recommend the
preservation of the article for reference :
1. PETJSSIA.
The area of Prussia is at present 108,212 Eng
lish square miles, or about equal to the combined
territory of Georgia and Florida. The popula
tion, according to the census of 1864, was 19,301,-8-13,
falling but little below that of the Northern
States of the Union. The great majority of the
population are Germans ; the total number of per
sons belonging to non-German nationalities be
ing 2,501,179. A considerable portion of the lat
ter are feeble remnants of small tribes, which are
rapidly being absorbed bv the German nationali
ty. Within the last few years the Government of
Prussia made several important additions to the
former dominions, requiring first the two Princi
palities of Hohenzollern, next the important sea
coast district of Yahde, which it purchased from
Oldenburg, and more recently the Duchy of Lau
enburg which was ceded to it by Austria for a
pecuniary consideration. It holds, moreover,
possession of Schleswig, and avows its intention
to permanently annex to Prussia both this Duchy
and that of Holstein. In point of administration,
Prussia is not inferior to any other country of the
world. Its finances, unlike those of Austria and
Itlay, are in sound condition ; its army discipline
has long been the admiration of the entire civilized
world. The army, on a war footing, numbers
700,000, and its fleet consisted, in 1805, of thirty
seven steamers, eight sailing vessels, forty row
ing vessels ; total, eighty-five war vessels. The
reigning King is William I., born in 1797, who
succeoded his brother Frederic William IV. , in
January, 1801.
11. AUSTK1A.
The Austrian Empire, as at present constituted,
is divided into nineteen provinces, the area of which
is 236,311 English square miles; with a total popu
lation according to computation, of 30,795,000
souls. This population is divided, with respect to
race ami language, into no fewer than twelve dif
ferent nationalities, namely :
Germans, 8.200,000 ; Bohemians, Moravians ami fcJlo
vacks, 3,600,000 ; Toles, 2,200,000 ; Russians, 2,800,000 ;
Slavenians, 1,210,000; Croats, 1,360,000 ; Serviaus, 1,170,
000 ; Bulgarians, 25,000 ; Magyars, 5,050,000 ; Italians, in
clusive, Latin and FriarJs, 3,050,000 ; Eastern Roman's,
2,700,000 ; Members of other races, 1,430,000.
Austria is one of the great military powers of
Europe, her aimy on a war footing being over half
a million of men. The navy, however, is compar
atively small, consisting, in August, 1864, of 39
steamers, with 639 guns and 11,730 horse power,
and 20 sailing vessels, with 145 guns. Great ef
forts have been made within the past few years to
raise the Imperial navy to a state of high efficien
cy by the substitution of steam for sailing vessels,
and the gradual formation of an iron clad fleet of
war. Austria has become a constitutional mon
archy since 1840, the main features of the consti
tution consisting first of the Provincial Diets, rep
resenting the various States of the monarchy ;
secondly, a Central Diet, or Council of the Em
pire ; and thirdly, a reduced form of the
latter or Partial Council of the Empire
as it is called. The public debt of the Em,
pire, which at the commencement of the French
revolution in 1789, was 8174,500,000, had grown
in 1863 to 81,210,222,085. From 1789 to the present
time there has not been a single year in which the
revenue of the State has come up to the expendi
ture. The present Emperor, Francis Joseph I,
was born in August, 1830, and was proclaimed
Emperor and King in consequence of the abdica
tion of his nncle, Ferdinand I, and the renuncia
tion of his father, Francis Charles, December 2,
1848. He was commander-in-Chief of the Aus
trian army in the Italian campaign of 1859.
III. ITALY.
TIia TvinfTilnm of Ttalv has an erea of 89.784
English square miles, with a population, accord
ing fr tliA lnsf fPTisns. talvn in the Snrintrof 1864.
021,703,710 souls, being on an average of 220 in-
. ... . . ,i i r i xl.
habitants to tne square nine ; a ngure mgner iuau
that of France and Germany, but lower than that
of England. There has been in some of the Pro
vinces a rapid increase ol population ol late years;
lmf. Hio inrrpasfl of wpnlth has lofn miiflli more
rapid within the last; century than the increase of
population. The great mass of the people are de-
VOieu. IO HgilCUilUiiW. puj.ai.iiiO, auu lunu t'yJl'
ulation is comparatively small. It has a seafaring
population of I0,oy individuals, nearly an oi
n.-hnm arA linbiA fn the marati me conserirjtion.
The military organization of the Kingdom is based
on conscription, and the standing army consists
. -. - P A 1
of more tnan zw,wv men on a peace looting, ana
mnra tlmn 4.00.000 on a war establishment. The
navy of the Kingdom consisted in 1865 of 98 stea
mers of 20,760 horse-power with 2,160 guns, and
17 DftiUnor vAssfils -with 279 runs : altogether. 115
men-of-war with 2,439 guns. Italy has a public
... . tit i- :n; l n
debt of nearly eignt nunureu. minions ox uuuuia.
Tim oTnanditiira is larcelv in excess of the annual
revenue. The reigning Sovereign, Victor Eman-
m- i t t t rci 1 il. 1 .1 A.
uel II, was born luarcn 14, iozu, ana is me eiuesi,
son of King Charles Albert, of Sardinia, and Arch
duchess Theresa, of Austria. He succeeded to
the throne on the abdication of his father, March
93 1840. and was nroclaimed' Kiner of Italy by
vote of the Italian Parliament, March 17, 1861.
IV. THE GERMAN CONFEDERATION.
The German Confederation was organized in
1815, upon the ruins of the German Empire, which
had been dissolved in 1806. The object of the
Confederacy, according to the first article of the
Federal constitution, is "the preservation of the
internal and external security of Germany and the
independence and inviolability of the various Ger
man States." The organ and representative of
the Confederation is the Federal Diet, consisting
of Plenipotentiaries of the several German States,
and permanently located in the free city of Frank
fort. The Administrative government of the Fed
eral Diet is constituted in two forms ; First, as a
General Assembly or Plenum, in which every mem
ber of the Confederation has at least one vote, and
the larger States have two, three or four votes
each ; and second, the Minor Council, or Commit
tee, of Confederation,, in which the eleven larger
States cast one vote each, while six votes are given
to the smaller States, a number of them combined
having a joint vote. The Presidency is perma
nently vested in Austria. The General Assembly
decides on war and peace, on the admission of
new members, on any changes in the fundamental
laws or organic institutions ; but in all other cases
the Minor Council is competent to act both as leg
islative and executive.
At the time of its establishment the Confeder
acy embraced thirty-nine members, but of these
four (Sax-Gotha, An-halt-Buerburg, An-halt-Koer
then and Hesse-Homburg,) have become extinct,
and two (Hohenzoliern-Hechingen and Hohenzol-lern-Sigmaringen,)
have been incorporated with
Prussia, leaving at present thirty-three sovereign
States. They have together an area of 224,786,
square miles, and in 1863 a population of over 46,
000,000 people, exceeding the aggregate popula
tion of British America, the United States, Mex
ico and Central America, and being in Europe in
ferior to that of no country except Russia. The
federal army numbers about 700,000.
Austria and Prussia belong, with only a part of
their several dominions, to this Confederation ;
Austria with a population of 12,802,944, Prussia
with a population of 14,714,024. Prussia, there
fore, and not Austria, is, in point of population,
the first German State, and this priority is still
more prominent if we take into account the pro
vinces of both powers not belonging to this Con
federation. Deducting the population of the two great Ger
man powers, a population is left for the other
States of about 18,000,000 with a Federal army of
about 300,000. As the record of the votes of the
Federal Diet during the last years shows the great
majority of the minor States side with or at least
lean toward Austria, and it is still commonly be
lieved that, soon after an outbreak of war between
Austria and Prussia, the Diet will declare a Fed
eral war against Prussia. All parties in Germany,
Austria, Prussia, the Minor Government, and all
the political parties among the people, are in fa
vor of establishing a Central National Parliament,
as a step toward the ultimate establishment of one
German Empire. This point is therefore likely
to ue one oi me results oi tne impending war.
THE SCHLESWIG-HOIiSTEIN QUESTION.
The Duchy of Schleswig has an area of 3,704
square miles and a population of 409,907. Hol
stein has an area of 3,255 square miles and a pop
ulation of 544,419.
The Duchies of Schleswig and Holstien, togeth
er with the little adjoining Duchy of Lauenburg,
formerly connected with the crown of Denmark,
were made over by the treaty of Vienna, signed
October 30, 1864, to the Emperor of Austria and
the King of Prussia. On August 15, 1865, Aus
tria and Prussia concluded the Convention of Gas
tein, in pursuance of which Austria took posses
sion of the Duchy of Holstein, and Prussia of
Schleswig and Lauenbug, both powers appointing
military governors to rule over these territories
respectively ; Governor of Holstien, Field Mar
shal Von Gablenz ; Governor of Schleswig, Lieu-tenant-General
of Manteuffol. The Duchy of
Lauenburg was taken possession of by Prussia on
the 18th September, 1865, the sum of 2,500,000
thalers, stipulated in the Convention of Gastein
as indemnity, having been paid to Austria on that
day. The efforts of Prussia to prevail on Austria
to cede her claim to Holstein were unsuccessful ;
and the diplomatic notes of Prussia being regard
ed as a threat by Austria, elicited warlike replies,
and thus the present crisis was precipitated. On
June 1, 1806, the Austrian representatives in the
Federal Diet of Frankfort stated that his govern
ment had endeavored in vain to come to an ar
rangement with Prussia concerning the Duchies,
and would now leave the matter in the hands of
the Confederation. The Prussian cfovernment
maintained that this step of Austria was a viola
tion of a convention between the two powers con
cluded on January 16, 1863, stipulating that all future
arrangements of the affairs of the Duchies should be
dependent upon a mutual understanding between
the two powers, and especially that the succession
question should be settled by mutual accord.
Prussia, therefore declared the Convention of Gas
tein abolished, and at the date of our latest advi
ces, June 7, it was expected that Prussian troops
would at once march into Holstien. In case of a
formal declaration of war, it is presumed that the
Austrian troops in Holstien will fall back into Han
over. The Duchy of Limbuig (896 square miles 216,
550 inhabitants,) and the Grand Duchy of Lux
emburg (990 square.iinilesand 197,281 inhabitants,)
are connected with the crown of Holland, but at
the same time are members of the German Con
federation. The connection of Limburg is, how
ever, but nominal, the inhabitants being Dutch
and not Germans. The Government of Holland,
therefore, demands its separation from the Ger
man Confederation, and this question was to have
come before the Peace Conference at Paris. Up
on the impending war it is not likely to have any
important influence.
THE POSITION OF THE ARMIES.
Both the Prussian and Austrian Governments
have forbidden the publication of detailed accounts
of the movements of troops. It is, however, well
known that both powers have contracted their
main forces along the frontier of the Kingdom of
Saxony. Prussia is believed to have about 200,
000 men between Gorlitz and Neisse in Silesia, and
Austria to have more than 300,000 men ready to
march into Saxouy and Silesia. The armies are
in positions which leave it doubtful whether Sax
ony or Silesia will witness the first battle, but in
either case the movements of the two armies will
be over the same territory which the campaigns of
Frederick the Great have made memorable, and
it is not likely that the lessons taught by that
matchless soldier in the tremendous struggle which
made Silesia a xrovince of Prussia will be forgot
ten by either army. It is given out that Austria
hopes to recover the territory for whose loss Maria
Theresa went and fought in vain, but Frederick
maintained it then against all Europe in arms.
During the Seven Years war the population of
Prussia was 5,000,000, while 100,000,000 of people
were banded against her. Prussia cannot possibly
be called on now to face any such tremendous
odds.
RUSSIA VENITIA CONCENTRATION OF ITALIAN
TROOPS HOW THE ITALIANS WILL BEGIN THE
CAMPAIGN.
The Russian Government has formed a camp
near Warsaw, which is said to number about
40,000 men.
The four great fortresses of Venitia (the "Quad
rilateral") are Peschiera, Mantua, Legnago, Ver
ona. The army which the Austrians have ready to
operate against the Italians is variously estimated
at from 160,000 to 250.000 men. It is believed
that the Austrians at the outset, intend to keep
themselves strictly on the defensive. The Italians
will soon have in the field an effective army of at
least 400,000, who are concentrating along the en
tire Southern and Western frontier of Venice. It
is not expected, however, that they will make any
direct attack upon the quadrilateral, but they will
probably invade Southern Tyrol in order to cut
the communication between Inspruck and Venice,
land a large force in Dalmatia, and advance via
Trieste for the purpose of cutting off the commu
nication between Inspuck and Vena, and operate
by sea against Venice. The inhabitants of Venice
are more unanimous than ever in their sympathy
with the common Italian cause.
Death of a. Princess.
San Fbanotsco, June 26. The bark Ethan Al
len brings Honolulu advices of May 31st. The
Princess Victoria, sister to the King Kamohame
ha, died May 19 th, and was lying in state, in
which she was to remain for two months previous
to burial.
Confederate Debts.
New Orleans, June 26. The validity of the
Confederate obligations being acknowledged by
the Union Bank of Tennessee, is accepted by the
entire mercantile community as a sure sign that
Confederate debts will be paid in currency.
Destructive Fires.
Poughkeepsie, June 27. A severe thunder
shower prevailed here to-day. The lightning
struck the buildings owned by the New York Ice
Company, setting them on fire and completely
destroying them. The Weddel Print "Works,
south of the ice house, was also destroyed. Total
loss ninety thousand1 dollars, partly insured.
" Messrs. Reed & Brady, Davis counsel, intend
delivering lectures in Richmond in behalf of the
MmriaTSocieiies, ;r;- V-;-. :
state mm.
Supreme Court. Opinions have been filed as
follows :
By Pearson, C. J. In Cobb rs. Cromwell, in
equity, from Edgecombe ; bill dismissed. In Long
vs. Clay, in equity, from Person ; bill dismissed
with costs. In Mahew vs. Davidson, in equity,
from Iredell ; declaring the . rights of the parties.
In Alexander vs. Taylo, in equity, from Mecklen
burg ; decretal order to be affirmed.
By Battle, J. In Burroughs rs. Jenkins, in
equity, from Orange ; bill dismissed with costs.
In Twitty vs. Camp, in equity, from Rutherford';
the devisees in fee may dispose of their lands. In
Bennick vs. Bennick, in equity, from Lincoln :
(demurrer overruled and cause remanded. In
Kincaid vs. Lowe, in equity, from Lincoln ; di
rects partition according to the opinion, James
Kincaid's share to be equally divided among all
the parties.
By Reade, J. In Hughes vs. Pipkin, from
Craven ; procedendo to be issued by the Superior
Court to the County Court, directing the appoint
ment of the plaintiff. In State vs. Nntt, from
Orange : judgment arrested. In Fisher rs. Stedo
fer, from Cabarrus ; judgment affirmed. In Sharpe
vs. Rintels, from Iredell ; order to be affirmed.
Atlantic & N. C. Railroad. We learn from
the Newbern Commercial that the Stockholders of
this road met in Beaufort on the 28th nit.
Dr. M. F. AreodeR, was elected Chairman, and
Jas. Osgood and Jno. M. Perry, Secretaries.
The following was the vote for Directors on the
part of the individual stockholders :
Jno. C. Washington C41
Dr. Jas. B. Hughes 640
Jno. D. Whitford :. . . .037
Geo. Green .- .632
A. G. Hubbard 373
C. R. Thomas 328
Jno. Tull 2J8
M. F. Arendell 287
The four first elected.
There were 15,870 shares represented in person
and by proxy. The number of votes 1,284.
The Board of Directors to elect a President, &c,
meet to-night or in the morning.
It will be seen that the old management have
been repudiated, and that Col. John D. Whit
ford would be elected President
P. S. Since the above was in type, we learn
that (Jol. J. D. Whitford has been elected Presi
dent. Col. Whitford, by his long experience, is
eminently fitted for the position, and wo congrat
ulate the Company in obtaining his services in so
responsible a position. f
Minister to San Salvador. The National In
telligencer of the 26th, says : "The appointment of
Governor Holden, as Minister to San Salvador, is
likely to bo confirmed at the next executive session
of the United States Senate."
We learn from the Raleigh Sentinel, of the 29th
inst., that Ex-Provisional Gov. Holden left Raleigh
on that day for Washington City.
Newbern. The Mayor of Newbern is accused
of turning over to tho Freedmen's Bureau a
charge made by a negro and supported only by
the oath of a black strumpet to propitiate the
Bureau, the accused having been a rebel scout !
Tho Mayor will read the Declaration of Inde
pendence on the 4th . Military law being removed,
rebel documents begin to see the light.
Petersburg Index.
Prospect in Green County. We are pleased
to learn from a farmer from Green county who was
in town yesterday, that the farmers in that county
during the last week of sun shine have succeeded
in getting the grass out of their cotton and corn,
and their crops are beginning to look smartly up.
Newbern Times.
Willie P. Mangum. Jr., of this State, and a son
of the late Priestly Mangum, of Orange, has taken
the test oath and goes to Nagaski, Japan, as United
States Consul. Eor eight or ten years past, Mr.
Mangum has been Consul at the port of Ningpo,
China.
A man named Whitney, of Portsmouth, Va.,
(says the Norfolk Virginian,) a few days since per
petrated a heavy swindling operation, by which
he, and an accomplice named Woodward, swin
dled Mr. E. H. Lassiter, of Northampton county,
N. C., out of fourteen bales of cotton.
More Fente Tobacco. Several boxes of exceed
ingly fine tobacco were yesterday received at West
Hill Warehouse. It was raised in Granville coun
ty, N. C. This county and Caswell, in the same
State, are famed for producing the finest tobacco
that comes to this market. Pet. Index.
Daring Outrage. A gentleman from the
country informs us of a most daring outrage,
which was perpetrated yesterday. It appears that
a negro man invaded the premises of Mr. Bas
well Green, on the N. C. railroad," sixteen miles
west of Raleigh, and broke down the door of his
residence. This occuned about 10 o'clock in the
morning. The desperado, although conscious of
being observed from an adjoining field, then en
tered the premises and played sad havoc with
bacon, meal and other provisions and carried
away a pistol, pHir of boots, several coat?, besides
other clothing, a looking glass, etc.
Raleigh Progress, 28$.
The Fayetteville News. Messrs. Robinson &
Smith have disposed of the Fayetteville News to
Mr. J. H. Myrover, who will hereafter conduct
the paper. We wish him success.
Major Gee. We have been requested to give
public expression to a very general feeling which
desires to have Major Gee visit the town of Fay
etteville, the native place of his father and per
haps himself, before returning to his home in
Florida. If Major Gee can do so, we feel assured
he will be heartily welcomed, and wo believe he
will not regret a visit to our town.
FayaWsville News.
Cumberland. Mr. John W. Baker, Jr., is an
nounced as a candidate for the House of Com
mons, for Cumberland county.
Meeting of lie Bar.
At a meeting of the members of the 8th Judi
cial circuit, on this, 14th day of June, 18)6, in the
town of Asheville, on motion of Major Marcus
Erwin, his Honor, Judge A. S. Merrimon, was
called to the chair, who briefly and appropriately
explained the object of the meeting to be to pay
a tribute of respect to the memory of those mem
bers of the bar of this circuit, who have died
since the beginning of the late war.
Hon. A. T. Davidson was appointed Secretary.
On motion of Col. David Coleman, a committee,
consisting of N. W. Woodfin, Esq., Hon. Wm. M.
Shipp, Mai. Marcus Erwin, and Hon. A. T. Da
vidson, were appointed to draft resolutions ex
pressive of the sense of the meeting, who, after
having retired, reported through their chairman,
Hon. Wm. M. Shipp, the following resolutions,
and moved their adoption to wit :
Whereas, Since our last general meeting, as members
of the bar of the Judicial Circuit, as it exiMted at the com
mencement of the late terrible war, during which every
profession and every class of society, more or less, Buffer
ed in the bloody and relentless ordeal, a very dispropor
tionate and unprecedented mortality occurred among fat
our professional brethren eleven members of our profes
sion being nearly one half of the entire number having
died since the beginning of the year 1861 ; and
Whereas, Admonished of our duty to commemorate
the virtues of those, between whom and ourselves the
most kindly, and in many inbtances, tho most affectionate
relations existed, we desire to offer a tribute of respect to
the memory of the deceased, Joshua Koberts, Jno. W.
Woodtin, P. W. Roberts, C. T. N. Davis, J. W. Candler,
Balis 51. Edney.W. W. Aery, J. A. Dickson, W. C.Brown,
S. P. Jordan and Carter W. Gillespie all of whom were
practitioners at this Bar and are no more. . Therefore,
be it ,
Jiesolved, That in the death of our departed brethren,
this section of country has sustained a great loss ; our
Erofession some of its most useful members and
righest ornaments ; society, some of its most brilliant
and delightful companionships ; and their respective fam
ines an irreparable loss " V,, - . '
Besotted, That the families of the ' deceased have our
profoundest and moat unaffected sympathy.
JRewftrt, That aa ft tribute of respect to oardttMsed
brethren, whose memories we cherish, we wear tho usual
badge ot mourning for thirty davs.
Besolved, That the Solicitor of this Circuit bo requested,
to present the proceedings of this meeting to tha court
now m session, to he entered npon tho minuteH of tho
said court, and that a copy of tho same be furnished tlw
Asheville AcwsJor publication, aud tho papers of tho.
State be requested to copy.
Appropriate and feeling addresses were made
by Judge Shipp. N. W. Woodfin, Hon. A. Tv
Davidson, Col. G. N. Folk, Col. Coleman and
His Honor, Judge Merrimon, and thereupon the
resolutions were unanimously adopted. On mo
tion the meeting adjourned.
A. S. MERRIMON, Chm'n.
A. T. Davidson, Sec'y.
Tornado at Buffalo Loss oi IAtei
Buffalo. Juno 26. Durincrthn tnmnln v.vttr.
day afternoon the schooners Mazprmn, nml (' O
Shawk broke from their moorings and ran into
the canal boat Monitor, killing a. Mrs. Mallory,
wife of the steersman.
A man was killed at Black Itoek bv n. enr on tlm
track being blown on him. Another man was fa-
1 11 . 1 m m
uuiy injureu. it is supposed Dy a uricK irom a lall
ing chimney on the Kremlin block.
The rOOf Of the West winfr nt fhn Ton ti I lino
Asylum, on Edward street, was blown in, and three
1-21J1 1 - . . . ...
ciiuuren wno were in tne play-room at the time
were almost buried in the debris, bnt nono wero
seriously hurt.
A heavy beam forced its way to the roof of Cap
tain Dobbin's house, on Niagara street, which it
crushed. The cunalo of school linnsn Xo 1. on
Seventh street, was carried away; the skylights on
the Board of Trade rooms were broken ; nearly
nan ot tne upper roof of the Niagara Falls rail
way depot gave way to tho storm ; tho tower on
St. J oseph's Cathedral was damaged, and the wood
work of St. Joseph's Church tower was swept al
most entirely awav. The Arrvidn bnihlinrr nnnn.
pied by Messrs. Brensbane, had about thirty feet of
A1Tlili tAVtl I "NTt Vl r tJl.J .1,
billiard saloon were smashed in ; D. L. Howard's
machine slxon and aerricnltural works, on Chicno-o
street, were partially destroyed. The organ fac
tory of Mr. House, on Clinton, near Elm street,
had its front blown in. The total loss has not
been estimated. The storm lasted about half an
hour, and was the worst known for many years.
MARRIED.
On the 13th inst., at Sloop Point, New Hanover 'County,
at the residence of Dugald McMillan, Esq., by Rev. J.- M.
Sherwood, ot Fayetteville, Capt. JAY AND11EVS, of Tar
boro', N. C, to Miss LIZZIE MCMILLAN.
Sash, Blinds and Doors.
WE ARE KOW PREPARED TO
FURNISH,
SASn BLINDS AND DOORS,
AT
MANUFACTURERS' PRICES.
D. A. SMITH,
26 and 28, South Front street.
June 28 21-3t
Oxford Law School
COMMENCES MONDAY, 16th July, 18CG.
Tuition $50 per Term of 20 weeks.
Board H 25 per week. Located at Oxford, N. C.
Col. EDWARD CANTWELL, L.L. B., graduate of tho
Law School at Cambridge, Mass., and (formerly one of tho
Military Judges of the Confederate States) Instructor.
Thorough training given at this School for the Bar or
for Mercantile life. The Lectures will embrace Principles
and Practice of Law, Book Keeping, Conveyancing and
Commercial Jurisprudence. Text Books supplied at cost.
French and German languages extra.
For particulars, addresa as above.
June 5. 212-18t 18-Ct .
Notice.
ALL PERSONS indebted to the estate of O. L. Fillyaw,
deceased, either by note or account made for Furni
ture, are requested to call and settle the samo with Mr. J.
D. Love, at his Book Store, No. 22 Market street, who is
hereby authorized to receipt in settlement.
JULIA G. FILLYAW. Ex'x.
June 20 225 d2tw3t.
North Carolina Agricultural House
AND
HARDWARE STORE.
MITCHELL, ALLEN & CO..
23 POLLOCK STREET, NEWBERN.
WATER STREET, WILMINGTON.
T. J. MITCHELL. GEO. ALLEN. D. T. CARRAWAY.
May 10. li-tf
SHACKELFORD, HAAS & CO.,
COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
No. 159 Front St., New York,
No. 3 Wtcr Strut, Wilmington, N. C.
BUY AND SELL ON COMMISSION,
NAVAL STORES, COTTON, LUMBER, COTTON YARNS,
&c.., Arc.
Constantly on hand, in Wilmington, ami for nale at
wholesale, a large assortment of FAMILY GROCERIES.
Solo Agents in North Carolina for the Sale of
WHTTEMORE'S COTTON CARDS.
Refeh to Messrs. J. Stiner .t Co., 40 Vesey St., Messrs.
Moses & Schiffer, .12 Broad St.
Feb 8 w-1 ti
S. D. WALLACE. J. B. BOL'THEIILAXP.
WALLACE & SOUTH ERLANH,
Si ENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
JT OFFICE NO. 21 NORTH WATKIt STKKK'I ,
( Wharves and Warehouse! foot of Walnut St.,)
WILMINGTON, N. C.
jTS" Will give prompt personal attention to all consign
ments of Naval Stores, Cotton, Sprints Turpentine, Romii,
Tar, Provisions, Ac, Ac., either lor sale or shipment. Also,
to forwarding Merchandize, Ac.
Feb 8 w 1 If
BENNETT, VAN PELT & CO.,
83 WHITEHALL STREET. NEW YORK.
SHIPMENTS OF COTTON, NAVAL STORES, PR'
visions, &c., will be forwarded to ns by Messrs. Will
lace & Southerland, of Wilmington, who will pay if-v j.iu:
tax and other charges. All goods covered by insurance,
with or without advices.
Feb. 15 . 2-tf
ALEXANDER SPRCNT,
COMMISSION MERCHANT,
Wilmington, N. C.
April 19. 12-Cm
S. T.--1S60--X.
I3ERSONS OF SEDENTARY HABITS TROUBLE1
with weakness, lassitude, palpitation of the hear,
lack of appetite, distress after eating, topid liver, const '. -nation,
Ac., deserve to suffer if they will not try the cele
brated PLANTATION BITTERS,
which are now recommended by the highest medical an -thorities
and warranted to produce an immediate boDo
ticial effect. They are exceedingly agreeable, perfectly
pure, and must supercede all other tonics where a healthy,
gentle stimulant is required.
They purify, strengthen and invigorate.
They create a healthy appetite.
They are an antidote to "change of water and diet.
They overcome effects of dissipation and late hours.
They strengthen the system and enliven the mind.
They prevent miasmatic and intermittent fever.
They purify the breath and acidity 1 the stomach.
They cure Dyspepsia and Constipation.
They cure Diarrhoea and Cholera Morbus.
They cure Liver Complaint and Nervous neadaenc.
They make the weak strong, tho languid brilliant, and
are exhausted nature's great restorer. They are compos
ed of the celebrated Calisaya bark, wintergreen, sassafras,
roots and hei bs, all preserved in perfectly pure St. Croix
rum. For particulars see circulars and testimonials around
each bottle.
Beware of impostors. Examine every bottle. See that
it has an unmutilated metal cap over the top of each bot
tle, and green label for exportation, around each neck.
See descriptive circular around each bottle.
P. II. DRAKE A CO.,
Hew Yk
April W
tf-Jj