Catoctin clarion. [volume], November 12, 1914, Image 1

About Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940

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Established By Wm. Need. 1370.
VOLUME XLIV.
ECONO MY ICOIOHT
Table, Bed Linens & Towels
made Sweet, Fresh and Glenn by hiving
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The cost is so little that it is
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FOR TOU.
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or 30 cents a d izen pieces. Wi'h each
dozen pieces you m ly include one count
erpe.ne.
Trv oar FAMILY W \SH at 5 cents
per pound. By 'his service we iron all
H it pieces, such as lieu and Table Linen,
and dry all nth rs; starching all pieces
needing starch, ready for ironing.
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{7.10 9.22 10.45
GOING EAST.
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The catoctin Clarion.
METHODS OF RED
CROSS WORKERS
j DUFIING WARFARE
How the Wounded Soldiers Are
Cared for Promptly on the
Field of Battle.
GOOD BANDAGING IMPORTANT
Every Man Carries First Aid Outfit-
Surgeons and Nurses Attend the
Sufferers on Firing Line and
Then Send Them to the
Hospitals.
There was a time when wounded
men were left unattended and exposed
on the battlefield until the fighting
was over. Often it was the day after
an engagement, or later, before suig
ical assistance reached the scene, and
soldiers were for the most part Ig
norant of the first principles of caring
for themselves.
The ambulance organization now
prevailing in all civilized armies (if.
indeed, one can apply the word civi
lized to anything connected with war
fare) dates only from the end of the
eighteenth century. Gradually it has
been enlarged and improved until to
day every army has moving with its
men on the field a complete hospital es
tablishment— variously modified in de
lails—for the collection, treatment and
care of the wounded until they can be
removed to hospitals of a more per
manent character.
In 1792 a system of so-called flying
field hospitals was Introduced into the
French army by Baron Dominique
Jean Larrey. It provided for giving
the necessary first surgical treatment
and removing the wounded quickly
from the field. Napoleon supported
this system enthusiastically. Some
what later another Frenchman. Baron
Pierre Percy, organized a corps of
stretcher bearers —men trained and
equipped for collecting the wounded
while a battle was In progress, ren
dering aid immediately necessary and
carrying them to a place of safety
where they may be further attended.
The American Civil war marked the
beginning of the modern ambulance
system.
One of the greatest steps toward the
amelioration of the condition of the
wounded was the outcome of the con
vention held In Geneva in 1804—a
treaty by the terms of which the
wounded themscHves. as well as the
official staff of ambulances and their
equipment, should be under tlie pro
tection of a neutral flag—the flag of
the Bed Cross.
But not only has this ambulance sys
tem reached a high state of perfec
tion. The modern soldier Is carefully
trained in first-aid work, a part of this
education a thorough under
standing of human anatomy. The value
of this knowledge Is at once apparent,
particularly in great battles, such as
are now being fought in Europe, where
thousands are wounded In a single en
gagement; for no matter how efficient
may be the relief service it is im
possible for the Bed Cross workers to
care for these men as rapidly as they
fall. Many a soldier, however, is able
to save his own life or that of a com
rade by stopping the flow of blood un
til help comes.
Soldiers' First Aids.
Each man has with him when he en
ters the battle a package of first-aid
supplies—a sterilized bandage, an an
tiseptic pad, a bottle of water acidu
lated with the best quality of wine
vinegar (to assuage the terrible thirst
that comes to a wounded soldier), and
concentrated nourishment enough for
36 hours lu a tin the size of an ordi
nary cigar case. These supplies vary
slightly in different armies.
An ordinary shot wound is frequent
ly not felt by a fighting man, the sight
of trickling blood usually being his
first intimation that he has beep
wounded. If he Is able at once to
apply the antiseptic pad (thus pro
venting the entrance of germs and
helping to stop the flow of blood) and
further to bandage the injured part
temporarily, he has taken a long step
toward recovery.
Proper bandaging plays so Import
ant a part in war surgery that the ut
most efficiency in it Is required of Bed
Cross workers. In the German army
the bandage most used on the field
and In emergency work Is one that
bears the name of Its Inventor, Dr.
Johannes von Esmarch. Every sol-
I dier carries one of these with him into
battle. It Is a three-cornered piece
of linen and cotton, of which the
base measures four feet and the sides
two feet ten inches It can be used
folded or open and applied in 32 dif
ferent ways, as shown clearly by illus
trations which accompany It. The
• officially manufactured Esmarch band
age has these illustrations stamped
clearly on one side, but It Is pos
sible to make such a bandage out
of old linen, sheets or similar materi
als at hand. Doctor Esmarch, who
died in 1908, served as junior surgeon
In the Schleswig-Holstein war of 1848,
was director of the surgical clinic at
, Kiel and later head of Its general hos
pital and professor at the university
. there. After the Schleswig-Holstein
war of 1864, during which he rendered
splendid service in field hospitals, be
was called to Berlin to take charge of
the surgical work la the hospitals
THURMONT, FREDERICK COUNTY, MD., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 1914.
there. At the outbreak of the Franco-
German war in 1870 he was made sur
geon-general of the German army and
later consulting surgeon at the mili
tary hospital near Berlin.
Work on Firing Line.
The greater part of the wound ban
daging is not done, of course, by sol
diers themselves, but by the Bed Cross
I corps—both on the battlefield and In
the various hospitals to which an In
jured man is taken. The Bed Cross
workers follow immediately behind the
fighting line. As soldiers full they go
In between the lines as rapidly as pos- J
slblo, pick them up, give them a tern- j
porary dressing and bandaging if I
such has not already been applied, and I
then the carriers take them to the first
temporary hospital where further aid
is administered if required.
Every regiment has connected with
It a medical officer. When it goes into
action he takes command of the regi- j
mental stretcher-bearers. These men
curry no weapons and wear Bed Cross
armlets. Often it is necessary for them
to exercise much Ingenuity in getting 1
the wounded in condition to be moved. |
For splints they utilize muskets, bay
onets, scabbards, lances, leather and
j felt from saddles. Wool, flannel, hay
I or moss make good padding, while fur
I fastening splints may bo used hand
kerchiefs, stockings, garters, suspend-
I ers. cord, clothing cut from a soldier
' and straps of all descriptions, such as
stirrup leather.
Carriers are provided with simple,
light stretchers for the transportation
of the wounded. To place an injured
person on a stretcher and carry him
properly requires three men-—two to
carry it, the third to steady the burden
{ and to change places with a bearer if
necessary. These bearers are trained
to move according to fixed words of
command, by which means they ac
quire wonderful precision and quh k
ness. Sometimes a stretcher is not
available, and hero again must ingenu- '
ity bo called into play. Two polos
make a good framework. Lacking
poles, there are always plenty of lance
j staffs or muskets. These, pushed
| through the sleeves of two military
j coats buttoned together, form an ex
cellent stretcher; as do also two oi
three knapsacks fastened between two
muskets by their straps. Sometimes
even girths, stirrup straps, musket
straps and bridles are stretched, net
like, across two poles
Taken to Base Hospitals.
The progress of a wounded man from
the field to the permanent hospital
where he remains either until he D
well enough to reenter the ranks of ;
to be sent home, usually involves no
less than five transfers, sometimes
more. Once carried to the nearest
place of safety, as soon as pcssihh
after an army proceeds soldiers are
next taken —usually by ambulance te
a great central place, w here they are
sorted according to the seriousness of
their injuries. The next move is to a
temporary field hospital, equipped with
every modern device and where neces
sary operations are performed. Deed !
sions regarding amputation are made
quickly, but it is used only as a last
resort. Conservative surgery is the
rule. In shot wounds sometimes a
bullet docs not penetrate the tissue
deeply. If a shot happens to gc
through tisue containing unimportant
blood vessels serious results are not
likely to follow. Formerly it was be
lieved best to try to get a bullet out
at once. Today there is no probing ol
tissues and no removal of rags oi
shreds or parts foreign to a wound
Simply the uniform is cut away, sur
rounding parts are kept as clean as
possible without washing and the eu
tire surface of the wound painted with
tincture of iodine.
Becent wars have proved that it Is
wdse to disturb an ordinary wound as
little as possible, as one made by a
modern projectile will heal almost al
once if left alone, provided dirt and
air have been excluded. Shots from ar
tillery guns, however, are of a terrible
nature, frequently tearing the limbs
If the tissue is badly torn there is at
first not much hemorrhage—the blood
vessels separating, shrinking within i
themselves and forming a clot so that
bleeding stops. Great care must be \
taken in the transportation of soldiers j
thus wounded that a second hernor j
rhage does not occur.
Off for More Patients.
After the necessary operations have !
been performed the corps which ac
companies the fighting army leaves
this temporary hospital and follows on
to establish a similar hospital after the
next battle; the wounded being left lu
the hands of another corps of doctors |
and nurses. These field hospitals are ;
supposed to provide accommodations
for 100 men, although often their re
sources are heavily over-taxed, which
results in hardship and discomfort to
patients—who lie on straw spread on
the flooi and covered with waterproof
sheets and blankets. They live on
their field rations, suitably cooked and i
supplemented by various supplies.
From field hospitals soldiers are
passed as quickly as possible to sta
tion hospitals on the lines of commu
nication, where they are supplied with
beds and proper hospital clothing.
From here they are taken by ambu
lance train to a general hospital at the
advanced base of operations, and lalei
to a city or town hospital, where they
remain until able to return to their
homes or, if recuperation is complete, 1
to military service.
In the British army the final transfer
of the wounded man is usually to a
hospital ship, since most of England’s
fighting is done over seas. These ships i
are fitted with comfortable swinging |
cots in airy wards. It is planned that
each division of an army shall have j
one such ship, with from 200 to 250 |
beds and a stuff of doctors and nurses
equal to a hospital of similar size on
laud.
A Family Newspaper—lndependent in Politics—Devoted to Literature. Local and General News.
JOSH'S ROMANCE
By HAROLD CARTER.
(Copyright, 1914, by VV. G. Chapman.) i
Halo told this story at the club. It
had no moral, and the end was sad;
still, there was something in the toll
ing of It that hi Id us. Archie Croth
ers had lee off by saying that there
I was romance in every life, even in
I that of the most prosaic of moitals.
I “If you know where to look," said
Hale. Then, after a pause: “I never
spoke of my friend Johnson, did I?”
Nobody present had heard oi him, |
and Halo took up 1 's story.
“You can judge (tie prosaic nature
of tho man from his name. Nobody j
called Johnson ever figured .as a hero
of fiction. He was a little, sandy
haired man of about thirty, with one
hobby; traveling.
“Johnson worked for an Insurance :
company in New York and he used to
spend his vacation every year visit
ing all sorts of little places that no
body thinks about. This happened to
him in a little town somewhere in
Nova Scotia, with a big cathedral in
It that had b en eroded a century ago,
| when the town was bigger than it is
today.
"Johnson found the little place all
aflutter, for a parly of visiting royal- i
ties was staying in it. Being an in- (
quisitivc sort of man he learned that I
Princess Alicia was there with her |
father, the prince of Stuttgart, and [
that the young duke of Grnnstadt was j
to arrive tho same day. The princess
and the duke were*engaged, but they j
had never mot.
“Johnson arrived on a Saturday |
night, and on Sunday morning ho ;
went to the cathedral to worship. He |
noticed that a lot of people seemed to |
bo going, but, being simple-minded, '
he did not connect their presence !
there In such numbers with any desire
to see tho prince and his daughter, i
The floor pews were all packed, so j
Johnson went up into the gallery, i
That was packed too, except for one ,
pew tow. rd the end, containing room
for halt a dozen occupants, and an- !
other pew behind it. These two pews
wore surrounded by a brass rail, and
It occurred to Johnson that they were
probably private. However, tho only ;
i occupant of the front pew was a very ■
pretty young lady, with a parasol and
a prayer book, and the pew behind
had no occupants tit all. Johnson i
hesitated the fraction of a second, and
then he rat down In the young lady's
pew.
“He saw her looking at him rather
strangely, but just then the service be
gan, and, after an instant of lies it a- j
tion. tho young lady extended tier
prayer book toward him.
“I can't tell you whether or not
| Johnson had ever been in love bid <
| undoubtedly he was at that moment, j
The girl was about twenty-three or I
four, rather fair, with a pair of blue j
| eyes whose glance Johnson found [
himself trying to catch. At last lie
did catch them, and there was such an
j expression in them that Johnson did !
not know whether he was kneeling |
on his knees or his shoulders.
“They kneeled down side by side, !
and neither of them was paying the I
least attention to the sermon. If love
at first sight is not a myth, that was I
a case of it. Johnson caught the j
i girl's glance again, and now the look I
was unmistakable. And still neither
of them knew what the clergyman
| was saying or tiding. They were in a
fairyland together, the midst
of the crowd that packed the cathe
dral.
“The girl was so close to him that
Johnson’s mouth was almost against
her ear. Their hands touched over
the prayer book. Now she was speak
ing.
“‘This Is very unconventional,’ she
| whispered.
“ ‘Yes,’ answered Johnson.
“ 'lf you knew how 1 have longed
to meet you, and yet how frightened
! I have been,' she said. ‘When did
: you arrive?’
‘“Last evening,’ answered Johnson;
: and it all seemed perfectly natural to
j him.
“‘We arrived yesterday, too,' said
the girl, raising her eyes to his.
'Hush! Don't let the people see that
i we are talking. We must preserve
decorum, mustn't we?’
‘“What is your name?’ he wbis
' pered. 'I must see you. Where are
you staying?’
“Th<! girl looked at him with eyes
that dilated in terror. ‘Who are you?’
she gasped.
“‘My name,’ said Johnson very
slowly—it seemed to him that that
was insignificant just then —‘my name
j is Johnson.’
“He was quite unprepared for what
- followed. For tho girl suddenly
! walked out of the pew, hurried out,
then hastened madly away, and all
| eyes in the cathedral followed her.
Johnson was too paralyzed to stir for
a full minute. Then he hurried after
her. But the girl was nowhere to bo
‘ seen.
“Ho never saw her again. You can
guess what had happened. The gos- |
| sip at his hotel enlightened Johnson j
j speedly enbugh. She was the prin- |
coss, and she had mistaken him for \
her fiance, the duke,
i “That was Johnson’s romance,” said
j Hale. “Of course, he cleared out be-
I fore the town became too hot for him.”
Slow Movers.
Bill—l’m moving today, and my j
i partner is going to move next week. !
Jill —What are you doing? Playing 1
a game of chess I
MASCOT OF BRITISH ARMORED MOTOR CAR
This little dog, rescudd from Lockeren, became the mascot of a British
armored motor car at Ghent, which city the allies were forced to evacuate a
lew hours after the photograph was taken.
FRENCH GUNS GESI SINS fiSJKEY DIE
Germans Admitted Their Supcri- Bravery of the German Soldiers
orily, Says Journalist. Evokes Warm Praise.
Dutch Writer Tells of What He Saw English Staff Officer. In His Descrip-
On the Battle Line Near Verdun *' on le Desperate Fighting In
Kaiser's Officers Not Satis- Northern France and Belgium,
tied With Their Progress. Pa y® Tribute to Foe.
(International News Service.)
, The Hague.—A well-known Dutch
Journalist who bus returned from a
j tour through Alsace-Lorraine and
right through to the German lines be
fore Verdun gives in Hot Leven some
Interesting pictures of the position on
the German frontier and at the front.
Particularly significant is what he
writes regarding the admitted superi
ority of the French artillery and the
clever ruses they adopt. He writes:
'1 proceeded by train to Mctzland,
thence set off by motor, with an ober
lieutenant as an escort, to visit the
lighting line. Across the French
frontier and on past Latour and
Weevre we met an ever-increasing
number of infantry, artillery and trans
port columns and the further we went
the busier became the scene.
"German officers to whom I spoke
in this neighborhood were by no
means satisfied with the progress of
; affairs; there was no progress to he
noted, principally because the French
artillery had proved itself superior io
the Gorman. The French seem to
have dragged their heavy guns out of
the fortresses and to have placed them
In the open field, Moreover, it Is as
serted that the French artillery can
reach at hast two kilometers farther
than that of the Germans.
"We passed on by St. Hilaire to
Handle, where we were only twelve
kilometers from the great fortress of
Verdun, whose guns were sending out
, their terrible messengers of death,
j Not far from that point was a mag
nificent battery of thirty centimeter
motor howitzers. 1 was not allowed
to approach it, but German officers
told me that the Austrians had suf
fered terrible losses. The French
shells raked even the best sheltered
positions—a fact which gave the Aus
trians much food for thought. At last
they found -the solution. In a tree
close to their battery they found a
Fn nchman armed with a field tele
phone who promptly informed Verdun
of any change in the position of the
Austrian guns. The brave French
man was given short shrift. But the
instance does not stand alone. Re
peatedly have the Germans found
country people in trees and in cellars,
all with pocket telephones.
‘The Germans have made such ac
tions almost impossible now, but still
they admit they are not by a long
way where they would like to be. Ev
er* where I heard in Germany officers
and soldiers alike speaking with
groat joy of the fall of the Fort de
Camp des Homains. Now at last there
was a gap in the line of forts. At the
fighting line itself I heard a very dif
ferent story. Yes, they had taken the
fort and the Bavarian soldiers had
acted magnificently, but whether they
could hold the fort was another ques
tion. The French guns in the forts
of Baroches and Leonvitle were so ex
cellent that they completely covered
the Camp des Remains and the gap
was no gap at all.”
Women Buying Cheap Gowns.
London.-—The economy being prac
ticed by English women is causing
lack of work in certain branches of
trade. At a meeting of relatively un
employed people here it was said that
one-third of the 6G.000 dressmakers in
London are on short time because
j even the well to do are buying cheap
ready-made clothing. It also was said
1 that one-fourth of the millinery work
j ers are on short time due to women
buying hats which are cheaply
trimmed.
Khaki !s Getting Scarce.
j London.—Khaki is so precious now
adays that in many regiments the sol
di nig have been ordered to use thell
full-dress uniforms for stable and oth
er barrack duties.
London. —The Germans chanted
their national song as they marched
to certain death in the deadly fighting j
on the Franco-Belgian frontier. High
tribute is paid to the heroism of the
Teutonic invaders by an eye-witness
on the staff of Field Marshal Gen.
Sir John French, in an account of
the operations of the British expedi
tionary lorce in northern France and
western Belgium, issued by the press
bureau.
it gives a graphic account of the
strugg.e iu that region.
Beginning at the point where the
British troops were being transferred
from the region of the Aisne to the j
north to combat the onrush of a fresh
German army, the report says:
“Despite the difficulties the whole
strategic operations of transferring
large numbers of troops from the
Aisne was carried out without loss.
"After the fall of Antwerp there was
a gradual increase in the strength of
the opposition met by us. The re
sistance of these detachments grew 1
more determined until October 20,
when, with the arrival opposite us of
a large portion of new formations and
a considerable number of heavy guns,
the enemy was enabled to assume the
offensive against practically the whole
of our line.”
Tills was tiro real beginning of the
Germans’ drive toward the coast. For
the report continues:
“Simultaneously they (the Germans)
attacked the Belgians, who were ly
ing between us and the coast. From
that date up to October 25 the opera- 1
tions assumed a fresh complexion.”
That the losses were tremendous In
the hard fighting which ensued Is
shown by the account.
Then followed a tribute to German
valor.
“A fiercely contested action took
place near Lagheir, which village was
captured in the morning by the enemy
and then retaken by us. The German
casualties here were very heavy. They
came on with the greatest bravery in
swarms, only to ''be swept away by
our fire. One battalion of the One
Hundred and Fourth regiment was 1
practically wiped out.
"On our left our troops advanced
against the Germans’ Twenty-sixth re
serve corps near Passehendaele and
were met by a determined counter
offensive. However, the enemy was
again driven back, leaving many dead
and wounded upon the field.
“On the 22nd of October there was
a renewal of the German pressure
against us, but we succeeded in hold
ing our ground in nearly eveiy quar
ter. In the evening the Germans ad
vanced against our center and were
again hurled back, although they
gained some of our trenches, driving
the defenders out.
“The 23rd was a bad day for the
Germans, They retreated and our
guns did great execution. They aft
erward made live desperate assaults
against our trenches, advancing in a
mass and singing as they came. The
attacks were all repulsed, our troops
waiting until the enemy was within
range of their rifles before opening
lire. The rifle and Maxim gun Are
caused terrible havoc in the solid
masses of the enemy.
“On the night of the 23rd, as well
as on the night of the 22nd, the Ger
man losses were extremely heavy. 1
Much of the slaughter was due to
the point-blank magazine fire of our
men, while the field guns and howitz- I
ers, working in perfect combination, i
did their share when the enemy be- \
gan to fall back.
“On the 23rd we captured more j
than six hundred prisoners and found
1,500 dead an T wounded. The troops '
suffered severely, especially the Twen
ty-third corps, one of the new Ger- ;
man formations.”
Terms SI.OO in Advance
NO. 35.
Farmers’ Educational
rjfl and Co-Operative
Union of America
Matters <tf Especial Moment to
U the Progressive Agriculturist
Ai) ounce* of charity is hotter than a
ton of advice.
A cat is said to have nine lives, bo
has opportunity.
A man with a long head Is worth
two with long faces.
Talk Is cheap—unless you hire a
lawyer to hand it out.
The 00-oporatlve corporation offers
no incentive to the speculator.
Make every minute effective, live
to some purpose. Ho who strives suc
ceeds.
He master of your own life, make
your own conditions to suit your own
tastes.
Ready advice dispensers generally
believe that It 1s better to give than
to receive.
If “hot air” was good for ventila
tion some folks would bo real public
benefactors.
The best thing you can do when you
make a mistake Is to make It teach
you something. %
The successful man Is a good ex
ample of what will power can do, will
do, and does do.
Do not wait for "sgine day;” do all
the good you can now, for some day
is a doubtful time.
The little trials of life are only the
sign posts showing you the right road
to take In the future.
Every man ought to know at least
as much about his own business as ha
does about the other fellow’s.
The farmer gets his wealth away
from nature. The rest of the people
have to get theirs away from each
other.
Probably the reason opportunity
doesn't knock oftener at some men’s
door Is because the place looks so un
inviting.
When your own crops are a failure.
If you can still be glad over the profits
your neighbor has made you are a
real Christian.
When co-operfftors realize that It
costs money to do business, and act
accordingly, a long step forward will
have been taken.
Optimism Is the first-born of hope,
the father of confidence, the execu
tioner of adversity, and the under
taker of pessimism.
GEORGIA MEEDS MORE CORN
European War May Teach Southern
Farmers Advantages to Be Se
cured in Diversifying Crops.
"For the moment the war fn Europe
Is having a depressing effect upon
Georgia industries and the people, but
it may prove a blessing in disguise in
the end.” remarked W J, Young, a
banker apd business man of Atlanta,
while In Washington the other day.
“It may cause the farmers,” he contin
ued, “to learn to diversify their crops.
Recently I motored from Winston-Sa
lem, N. C., to Atlanta, and along a line
of 250 miles there was not a sign of
a garden patch or cornfield. In the
present situation If Georgia had less
cotton and more corn, she would not
be waiting for the national government
to come - to her relief by the accept
ance of cotton as security for cur
rency. The boys’ corn clubs of the
I South have demonstrated that In Geor
gia an acre of land, which will pro
duce three-fourths of a bale of cotton
worth at the maximum sls, will pro
duce 100 bushels of corn, by good cul
tivation, which at GO cents a bushel
would be worth more than the cotton.
“Some time ago an Illinois man re
marked that while there are 240 grow
ing days In Georgia, as against 160 in
Illinois, Georgia every year buys a
large part of her hay from Illinois.
This is because Illinois has learned
how to diversify her crops so that she
can sell to all comers. That state
buys very little It any of Georgia’s
cotton, except In the fabric state.
"Louisiana, In her sugar district, is
in practically the same situation that
Georgia la with reference to cotton.
The adverse legislation will put out
of business the Louisiana sugar plant
ers, and they will have to learn to
grow other crops.” , ,
One Cause of Failure.
Many co-operutlve selling associa
tions have been unable to hold their
members together because they insist
upon handling only the best of their
products and leave them to dispose of
the lower grades Us best they can. The
growers eventually become disgusted
with such conditions and sell their
.crop where they can get the most
money. If co-operation Is to bring
about better results and secure a more
even grading and classification of farm
products It must provide means for
taking care of the poorer grades ot
stuff produ ed In the locality. In this
way the products may be handled so
that they will pay fair profits to the
producer and not come Into competi
tion with the better grades shipped
during tin) harvest season of the varl.
ous products.
Fallacious Idea.
The man who accepts the political
notions of his fathers without a
thought ot his own, generally proves
to be the follow- w-ho carries a potatq
In his pocket to ward off rheumatjsm,