Catoctin clarion. [volume], March 18, 1915, Image 4

About Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940

Image provided by: University of Maryland, College Park, MD

                
INTEREST IN POULTRY
No Visible Sign of Over-Supply
' in Products.
Farmers’ Wives Study Details ot Busi
ness and Are Eager to Learn of
Better Way* to Caro for
Fowls—Conditions Changßw
J. WELDER.)
The farmer’s Ideas of poultry-rais
ing have changed considerably from
what they were a few years ago.
Everywhere on the farms a more In
telligent Interest in being taken In
the subject
The farmer at last has realized
that the poultry in a good source of
income, and is willing to take some
trouble and spend a little money to
make It even more so Instead of
leaving the womenfolks to struggle
along with the fowls as beat they
may, without any help or conven
iences.
Not much In the way of eggs was
expected of them, and they fully real
ized these expectations. Usually they
A Pure-Bred.
did not supply what eggs were need
ed In the farmer's family, ami the
farmer often remarked to bis wife:
"Your chickens are a perfect nuis
ance. 1 can't set a thing down but
they are into it,’’ (poor things! it was
that or go hungry!) "and they don’t
lay an egg."
Conditions are changing. The most
of the responsibility for the poultry
on the farms still rests on the worn
en, but instead of being considered a
nuisance, the fowls are treated with
respect and consideration, as an im
portant part of the business of the
farm. They have neat, comfortable
houses, and yards, and scratching
sheds, where they can be contented
and happy and keep industriously at
work in cold as well as warm weath
er. The farmer and his wife both
now feel it to be a reflection on their
management if the hens do not lay
more eggs than the family uses, in
winter as well as summer.
It is a common thing to see a beau
tiful flock of pure bred poultry on a
farm and when fanners or farmers’
wives meet, it is seldom they part
without asking; "How are your hens
doing? Are they laying well?" and
unless it is already known, they are
sure to ask each other: "What breed
of hens do you keep?"
They are studying the poultry bust
ness In all its details, and are eager
to learn of better ways of caring foi
their fowls and of conveniences to
use about the work.
In some neighborhoods the women
of the farm meet on certain after
noons, to talk over their experiences
with their poultry: to discuss the
questions of feeding and caring for
them, and to read together the poultry
helps to be found in the agricultural
sections of the newspapers
This interest is not confined to the
farms, but is also felt in the small
towns and villages At the meetings
of the aid societies you will hear dfs
cussions on how to care for the hens
to make them lay, and many a woman
living in a small town helps out her
husband s income by nearly, or quite
paying the grocer'- bills with eggt
and poultry from a small flock ot
pure bred fowls kept in the yard.
A good cow is the best milk ma
chine.
• *
One of the farm teams should be
brood mares.
0 0 0
It is best for the average farmer to
handle the draft breeds
* * •
Strong, vigorous cows are more re
sistant to disease than their weaker
sisters
• * *
Protein may now be bought cheaper
in cottonseed meal than in any other
purchased feed.
♦ ♦ •
Spasmodic salting, a handful in the
manger when you happen to tbink
of it, is not the best way.
♦ • *
Much depends upon the early train
ing of the colt. Teach a rapid walk
the first thing when the colt is put
in harness
♦ * •
In the cold parts of the country,
every window should have a tight
board shutter to close over the win
dow on cold nights
Why Eye* Sparkle.
Merriment causes a frequent move
ment of the eyelids up and down, and
as It is the function of the eyelid to
release a tear each time it comes
down, the repetition has the effect of
covering the eye with considerable
moisture.
The light shining on this moisture
hdves the sparklfiiF effect.
as the merry appearance
is caused by tears, we ire
them from laughing us
crying Tears are Inti
<■ d with our merry and
mnm
m
WINTER WORK IN ORCHARDS
When Ground Is Frozen Is Favorably
Tima for Haulinj and Spreading
Manure—Add Sons Meal.
The winter when the ground IB
frozen hard is a favorable season for
hauling out with Hart or sled the ma
nure needed. In spring the ground
is too soft to haul over and other
work Is too pressing; the result is
this important matter is put off for
another year. The manure should be
hauled and spread evenly over the
ground. Do not place directly around
the trunks; it only affords a harbor
for mice and insects. The manure
should be rotted and from grain-fed
cattle or horses. Straw and corn
stalks, mixed with a little animal ma
nure, in poor stuff and Is only valuable
as a mulch This kind of manure
should be hauled out to tbs orchard
and piled Mix a half-bushel of raw
bone meal in each two-horse wgon
load of manure as it is piled and make
a compact heap, which will soon rot
down, and when well rotted, should
be spread. About one to two bushels
is the proper quantity tor each larg*
tree The manure should be spread
in a circle as far out as the branches
extend.
Practical growers are now using
from 400 to 800 pounds of animal hone
niul potash fertilizer per acre. The
fertilizer is drilled in with r ye m tha
early fall, the rye is turned under in
April—for green manure This Hgth
od is found to be the cheapest etui
best method of fertilizing the orchard.
SPRAY FOR SAN JOSE SCALE
Best Remedy for Pest Is Thorough
Treatment Wtth Lime-Sulphur Mix
ture Late in Winter.
IBy C. P. GILLETTE. Colorado Experi
ment Station.!
San Jose scale Is one of the worst
pests attacking orchard trees in this
country. It is extremely Important
that orchards should be so treated as
to exterminate the scale from them
and prevent its spread to surrounding
orchards
Undoubtedly the best remedy foi
this scale is a thorough treatment
with lime-sulphur mixture late in the
winter or early in the spring, before
the buds begin to open on the trees.
If the commercial concentrated lime
sulphur mixtures are used they may
be diluted in the proportion of about
one part of the concentrated prepara
tion to ten parts of water. If home
made lime-sulphur sprays are used
probably there is no better formula
than the following:
Good lump lime, IB pounds;
Flowers of sulphur, IB pouuds;
Water, 60 gallons.
The lime should be slaked In warm
water and, as soon as the slaking has
been well started, the sulphur should
be added and enough water kept in
the receptacle to keep the mass thin
md sloppy. Roll for at least forty-
Preparing Mixture for San Jose Scale.
five minutes, or until the liquid Is a
deep brick red In color; then dilute
to fifty gallons and apply at once.
IN LINE WITH “DE QUALITY*
Mr. Eli Brown Felt Himself Entitled
Considering Hie Position, to Let
ters After Hl# Name.
Bill Brown, an impressive ebony fig
ure In bis long, black, clerical coat
and collar—gift of the rector of St.
James’ —had come In answer to a post
card of mine, asking him to call and
whitewash my back fence.
“Use done moved, Miss Ma’y,” he
said, when he explained to me that
he could not undertake the work that
day, as a noon service at St. James’
necessitated his presence at the organ
bellows, “and I reckon I’ll jes’ leave
my card so you can know whar to
sen’ for me when yer wants me ag’ln ’’
With an expression of dignified grat
ification he unfolded a scrap of
church announcement leaflet, which
be had pulled out of his vest pocket
and handed me a card with the
words:
Ell Brown, E. O. 8.,
B0 Fenchurch street.
"What do these letters stand for?”
I asked.
“Why, Miss Ma’y, all de quality In
our congregation has letters after der
names. Doctor Price he has D. D.;
Doctor Simmonds has M. D, and
dere's LL. D. for some of 'em, and
U. S. N. for dat Yankee off’cer; and
coase I naterally has ’em, too.”
"But what do they mean?” 1 Insist
ed
“Now, Miss Ma’y, don’t you know?
E. O. B. —Episcopal organ blower, dat
what I Ib."—Harper's Magazine.
TESTS OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
Apparatua Constructed at Suggestion
of Wisconsin Experts Will Show
Amount of Dirt in Milk.
(By S. M. BABCOCK and E. H. FAR
RINGTON.)
There is a growing demand among
milk consumers as well as dealers and
manufacturers of high-grade dairy
products for a new test that will show
the cleanliness and purity of each lot
of milk received. The testing of milk
at creameries and cheese factories is
Usually confined to a fat determination
by the Babcock test. The acid is also
used more or less for Inspecting differ
ent lots of milk and cream.
A fairly good idea of the extent to
which each lot of milk has been con
taminated may be obtained by a
test that will show the amount of
dirt contained In a definite quantity
pf mjik.
A milk sediment teat, Which wag
constructed by E5, H. Horens, Madlpon,
Wls.. according to suggestions made
by the writers, ta herewith described
This test may be used for testing a
large number of lots of milk. Samples
of one pint of milk will filter through
It Is fast as each lot is ready.
The Inside cylinder is two and one
half Inches In diameter and six inches
long. It is funnel-shaped at the bot
tom. terminating In an opening about
an Inch In diameter. A cap on .the
bottom contains a wire gauze strainer
on which a thin disk of absorbent cot
• Jr
Details of Construction of Milk Sed
iment Teeter. The Central Cylinder A
Through Which the Milk Is Poured
le Surrounded by a Steam or Hot
Water Jacket With a Half-Inch In
tervening Space—The Steam or Hot
Wgtpr Enters at the Lower Opening
and Overflows at B—Thp Brass Cup
C Slip* Over the Bottom of the Inner
Cylinder and Is He)d in Place by a
Clamp Rod O—This Cap Contains a
Circle of Wire Qauz# K Over Which
Is Placed the Disk of Absorbent Cot
ton —The Csp May Bt Quickly Re
moved by Swinging the Clamp Rod D
to One Side and the Dirty Filter May
Be Replaced by a Clean One.
ton is placed. This cap Is easily at
tached to the apparatus by means ot
a binged wire loop.
After a sample of milk has been fil
tered through the apparatus, the cap
containing the gauze and the cotton
filter is detached and the cotton disk
placed on a piece of white paper to
dry. This cotton contains tbe dirt
and sediment cpilected from one pint
of milk. The amount of dirt obtained
will vary with different lots of milk
ami the disk when dry may be re
turned to the milk producer as evi
dence of tbe degree of cleanliness of
bis milk.
Each cup should have a numbei
stamped in tbe metal and as fast as
one lot of milk is tested the cap may
be removed and another put in place
for tbe next sample. The absorbent
cotton disks used as filters are stamped
out to tit tbe cap and wire gauze. Tbe
success of filtering depends largely on
the texture of these disks which should
be made of absorbent cotton that con
taius no starch or "sizing.” The latter
have a glossy surface, but the “un
sized" cotton or cotton batting cut out
in tbe shape of round disks about one
eighth iuch thick allows tbe hot milk
to filter rapidly through It and retains
the fine dirt which is suspended in tbe
milk The milk is kept hot in this
tester during filtering by means of a
hot water jacket surrounding the
inner cylinder.
KEEP THE CALVES GROWING
Large Barrel anp Digestive Organa
Should Be Developed by Feeding
Good Quality of Roughage.
Calves should be kept growing con
tinuously and vigorously from birth.
No grain should be fed after tbe calf
is six months old if it can be kept In
proper growing condition without it.
A large barrel and digestive organs
should be developed by feeding a good
quality of roughage when not on pas
ture. After calves have reached six
months of age they can be grown
better and cheaper on good pasture
or com silage and good alfalfa hay
than on any other feeds, and, as
roughage is cheaper than concen
trates, these are the feeds from which
we wish the mature animals to have
the ability to get more of their nutri
ment.
Protect Grapes From Mildew.
To protect grapes from mildew
which may or may not attack them
they should be dusted or sprayed
with sulphur. For a few vines or the
family vineyard a good way is to put
the sulphur in a piece of burlap or a
grain bag and shake tbe sulphur over
the vines. A sprayer which will
force the sulphur among tbe leaves
more completely Is of course more
effective.
Children Cry
Fflß FLETCHER’S
CASTO R I A
FARM MANURE IS VALUABLE
Oldest and Moat Popular of Fertilizers
—lmmense Lose Through Careless
Methods of Management.
(By E. B. HART.)
Of all fertilizers, farm fertilizers—*
farm manure—is the oldest and still
the most popular. It consists of the
liquid and solid excreta of farm stock,
and the Utter on which the excrement
is dropped.
A well-kept manure heap may be
safely taken as one of the surest Indi
cations of thrift and success in farm
ing. Neglect of this resource causes
losses, which, though little appreciated,
are vast in extent. Waste of manure
Is both so common as to breed indif
ference, and so silent as to escape
notice.
According to recent statistics there
are In the United States in round
numbers 28,300,000 horses and mules,
70,000,000 cattle, 49,000,000 bogs, and
57.500.000 sheep. Experiments indicate
Spreading Manure on the Fields.
that If these animals were kept in
stalls or pens throughout the year and
the manure carefully saved, the ap
proximate value of the fertilizing con
stituents of the manure produced by
each burse or mule annually would
be $27. by each head of cattle S2O, by
each hog $4, and by each sheep $2.
The fertilizing value of the manure
produced by the different classes ot
farm animals In the United States
P'f>ul(|, (herpfore, be for hofses and
mules. $764,100,000; cattle, $1,400,-
000,000; hugs, $198,000,0011. and sheep,
$115,000,000, or a total of $2,477,100,-
000.
Tlese estimates are based on the
values usually assigned to phosphoric
acid, potash, and nitrogen In commer
cial fertilizers, and are possibly some
what too high from a practical stand
point. On the other hand, it must be
borne in mind that no account is taken
of the value of manure tor Improving
the mechanical condition and drainage
pf soils, a consideration fully as im
portant as the direct fertilizing value.
It is fair to assume that at least
one-third of the value of the manure
Is annually lost through careless meth
ods of management; and this estimate
Is conservative. Even at (his figure
we have the tremendous sum of $825,-
700.000 as the annual loss in the Unit
ed States. This condition is the more
unfortunate, because practically all ol
It could be prevented.
HINTS ON POULTRY FEEDING
Quantity and Quality of Food Thai
Would Suit One Fowl Might Do
Harm to Another.
(By E. VAN BENTIIVYSEN.)
There can be no set rules for feed
ing. Fowls, like human beings, vary
In appetite. The quantity and quality
of food that would keep one fowl in
good condition might overfatten an
other.
We must approximate the amount.
The quality must be determined up
on according to the object in view.
The plan adopted by the writer is to
give a large spoonful ot mash in the
morning for every- two fowls In the
pen The spoonful means about as
much as one would be able to pick up
iu the hand.
At night, a full handful of mixed
grains for every fowl in the pen is
about all they can eat and that amount
will carry them over in comfort until
the next morning.
But when It is noticed that the fowls
do not readily clean up their allow
ance the next day the amount should
be cut down and continued so until
the appetite is fully restored.
Some fowls can not only exist but be
prolific on almost half what would be
needed for others. When this is no
ticed In a pan it is advisable to cut
down their allowance to meet the de
mand.
Sudden changes in the bil> of fare
very often throw fowls off their appe
tite. We knew of a little experience
in that line a short while ago. A fel
low poultryman purchased a lot of
sweepings from the grain elevators.
These sweepings contained wheat,
corn, flaxseed, bran and middlings.
The fowls did not take kindly to the
mixture and the result was there was
a general decline In the egg crop. Just
as soon us the old bill of fare was re
sumed the egg yield increased and is
still keeping up a good record.
The moral is, when your fowls are
doing well on your present method Of
feeding, do not make a change.
FOR SAFETY FROM LIGHTNING
Bcient'st Tells What to Do When One
Is Caught In Thunderstorm
Far From Shelter.
It is considered dangerous to be the
most prominent object in a field or
common during a thunder storm. In
deed, more persons are struck and
killed in this way than when shelter
ing under trees. What, then, is a man
or woman or child to do when caught
in the open in a thunder storm? They
may take shelter, says Sir Ray Lank
ester, in a wood, though not under any
isolated tree nor under a long high
hedgerow.
They should ask for shelter In any
available house or cottage Failing
this, they may (as goats and sheep
and cattle do) get under a low-lying
rock-face, or Into a ditch, or dry nole,
or even. If the storm Is close round
them. He flat on the ground. It ia
less dangerous to bs wet through than
dry, since wet clothes may, and have
before now, saved a man's life, owing
to the fact that they are good con
ductors and allow the electric current
to pass away without obstruction.
LIME NECESSARY FOR SWEET
CLOVER GROWTH.
Dom Not Flourish In Eastern Soils
That Lack Lime.
NICKOLAS SCHMINTZ.
Maryland Agricultural College
Experiment Station Service.
On our Maryland soils and most ot
the soils in neighboring states, espe
cially in the Coastal Plain section, it
Is almost as difficult to grow sweet
clover as it is to grow alfalfa. In
other words, we find that In such of
our soils as are worn out, outside of
limestone areas require lime and in
oculation for the successful growth of
sweet clover, the same as Is required
for alfalfa. This has been proven
quite thoroughly in many instances;
fop example, the writer had a notion
several years ago that the heat way to
Inoculate the soil for alfalfa in the
East was to first grow sweet clover—
at the same time this crop would be
increasing the fertility—but lie found
that in practically every case the
sweet clover refused to grow unless
the soil was limed and Inoculated.
In the higher elevated section, where
cuwpeas will not grow well, It may
under some conditions be advisable to
pow sweet clover, after liming and in
oculating. and then allow the land to
remain Idle for a few years in order to
give the sweet clover a chance to build
up the fertility. But even this could
not be considered favorably where it
Is necessary to derive an Income from
the land while it is being Improved.
For some reason, livestock in the
East has not as yet taken as kindly to
pasturing on sweet clover as it has in
the Soutli and West. Along our water
fronts In Maryland we have many
farms that have had sweet clover
growing on them for generations, hot
it is seldom f’at cattle eat it in grazing.
They may go through a wheat stubble
field, eat the grass and other clovers,
hut leave the sweet clover. There Is
no question, however, but that they
could be taught by starvation to eat
and thrive on It. but it is doubtful if
they will thrive any better on sweet
clover than on the common clovers.
Sweet clover does not cure Into bay
as well as alfalfa and the ordinary
clovers. In curing sweet clover the
leaves shatter off very badly, so that
unless a great deal of care in the proc
ess is exercised the hay will he little
more than steins; these, however, are
usually relished by all livestock if the
crop Is cut early enough so that the
stems are not too tough and woody.
INTERESTING THE BOVS IN A
NEIGHBORHOOD SPECIALTY.
Speaker At State Grange Meeting
Urges Study Of Selection Of
Seed Corn,
J. E. METZGER.
Maryland Agricultural College,
It may seem a foolish thing to have
children take strips of cloth 36 inches
long and 9 Inches wide and mark them
off In squares of two Incites each. To
then take of the father's seed corn
and remove six kernels from each ear
in such away that there be two ker
nels secured from the base of I lie ear
A YOUNG CORN BREEDER.
two from Hie middle and two from the
part near the tip: to then take these
kernels and carefully lay them in the
numbered squares and also label the
ears to correspond to the numbers of
the squares; to place these ears In a
pall of moistened sawdust, or cover
them with moistened paper; to place
the pall with t e folded cloths
filled with corn in a warm room,
and after six or seven days to
unfold the little cloth bundle and see
what lias happened. We call the whole
thing a rag doll, but the Chicago Board
of Trade, througn its representative,
Mr. Bail, estimates that this little
scheme which is being carried out by
the rural schools will be the means of
increasing the corn crop of the United
States by at least one half billion dol
lars without increasing the area de
voted to corn a single acre. It Is not
a matter without any Importance when
a magazine of the standing of the Out
look will give it two pages in a single
issue.
Not only Is it practical for the boys j
and girls of the school to study the
vitality of corn, but it is profitable for '
*hem to make a study of the selection
of seed corn, of how to cure it. and
even how to shell and grade it. They 1
will, through the study of the ear,
learn which is the best corn of the lo
cality, and in probably this locality, as I
many have already done, will
make Itself famous In the production of
I particular variety of special merit.
Heating Milk for Calves.
When heating milk for calves it is
best to place the vessel containing
It In a pan of hot water, then there Is ;
no danger of its being burnt or boiled, j
-
— , .:
Children Cry
FOR FLETCHER’S
CASTOR 1 A
■■■nSSHHHHHHHBHD
Children Cry for Fletcher’s
The Kind You Have Always Bought, and which has been,
iu use fop over tiO years, Las borne tho signature of
——* and lias been made under his per-
s Bn-l supervision since its Infancy.
yy. Allow no one to deceive yon in this.
All Counterfeits, Imitations and “ .Tnst-as-good ” arc but
Experiments that trifle with and endanger the health of
Infants unit Children —Experience aguiiist Experiment.
What is CASTORIA
Castoria is a harmless substitute for Caster Oil, Pare
goric, Prop’s w.-.d FoTH-hlng Syrups. It is i leasant. It
contains r Opium, Morph.no nor other Karcotio
subs.mice. i's .‘i;c is its guarantee. !L destroys Worms
and lr, t >a Fov* rhfi ss. Cor mure than thirty years it
has be. ii !<i < a-t.uo use 1 >c the relief of Constipation,
ITatuiemy, \ ud Celle, a.T Teething Troubles and
Diarrluea. ft rtgi. lutes the btomach and Dowels,
assimilates the i’owl, givi/i ; hcnltby and natural sleep.
The Chiiureu’s S';.tiaoett —T no -Mother s ITiend.
GENiliftS CASTORIA ALWAYS
Bears the Signature^of^^^^^^
in Use For Over 30 Fears
The Kind You Have Always Bought
THR CENTAUR COMPANY, NEW YORK CITY.
IMBBaBM „
t’j you’ll (hid it cn l!io top of oach e
CORTRIGHT
Metal Shingle
■ 1 1 is put {here to protect you os well j M
ns us from iho imitator. Uooi'.i covered ;| /V
with the i* phi ipies 17 years ago are j, / \
good 10-lay ( itn-l have never needed re- • / \
pairs, ’] hat’s why they’re imitated. 'j S \
Therefore, look for tie's stamp. j! jr N. 1
Q 2 For Sale by Lm
0. L. Wi nc brenner, ~ Zm. Xi,
~ • acrizisie
‘ - 1 j A- 1
i-dc* t. •■ I. 'J.i aIo
For iVorren
r . 0 . r •* rv ot^cr
!.;• T ■> > I ni s is ihf
* ... j m.l-.on i * r hoc .sand
■ 1 . , .i test
desig. sof .*■ ■ I'M aeh t sue
ia re: . I : m o:i st nos
. and he., ful j..' • • j■ • lor wouica.
| Save M -r. y mi; 1 ;‘.ern : . bv sobscribing
1 r Mu ... ..;•■ - * i-p*. ( Is <*•>>- 50
r- :* . • r 1 . • a. y o-.c ol the celebrated
Mc<. j>i 1 '.1 4 : 1 .; iu:: ,'
McCall PufO-nj J ?.'] fi'.V.<*fs in style, fit,
.V re
.1 ■ , ; tl • ther ?*• 0
in: (I. K.-*-c I -It r i!;au 15 ecu is. Huy
fr :i: y ■ ucai.T, cj \,y ri.u Ircra
McCALVS MAGAZINE
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- .rr * r !*• 'o ii r o.'i . fm,
Foleyb
i Kidney'
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What They Will Do for You
They will cure your backache,
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[ eliminate the excess uric, acid
: that causes rheumatism. Prc
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•trength Refuse substitutes.
WARRANTED FOR ALL TIME.
If yon purchase the NKW HOMK you will
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: r
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lUj L Coisidered
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If yon want a sewing machine, vrlte for
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iba New Home Sewing Machine Oil Grange. Mass.
PEERLESS
Pepcr MEAT Sacks
Are fe me su ' . ~eTiil •tkipp.-ri In oiMti
If the siii,| di.t-cih-ui ..u each wok
a: “ tot owed.
"*'U tush awful; <£,
s 'A Li ' j
,c
A> soon i‘ \* mi ' . v I* smoked, In rliF* car?-
1 ,in ■ n • i-i'.v ••-kiM.fr fly piiis in ai> .ip
;1• ■ ■ ur 1 • •' in'he sick, following tli
situ | itc lin* pia }< ■ ’-<i on fftrh li, :i c
yon ciin rust a** I hI voji will not bf buthfif*
with worms in l. • ii
“I*.-..1 less” c M. • k* nr* made from 1
ipccliill- pr* iik* -,.vir\ ; .o/b, pliable, strong, close
rnlof.i, hf.n v 1 wub .mr perfect “Pe* i •**
Fm tore •• hi. h • ji.itl rd r tkill, uml w Ith can*
fin oe use. li< •v. ral years They are made lo
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