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TRY SOME SUMMER PRUNING Practice Tends to Produce Fruit Spurs by Checking Flow of Sap- Size of Fruit Increased. (By E. P. SANDSTKN, Colorado Agricul tural ColU'Ko. Fort Collins. Wyo.) Summer pruning should ho as regu larly performed as winter pruning. After the shape of the tree has been obtained through winter pruning, tho tilling out of the branches and tho trunk should be accomplished by sum mer pruning. This is especially true during the fourth and fifth years after planting. As a rule, most fruit grow ers prune their young trees too heav ily during these years. Growth be comes excessive, especially in length, and the branches do not become prop erly braced at the crotches of tho tree, if summer pruning is done be tween the middle and the latter part of June, when the growth in length has reached from 12 to 15 inches, by cutting off the terminal buds, it will Invariably check tho growth in length and increase i>iio thickness of tho trunk and brandies. Further, it tends to produce fruit spurs by checking tho how of the sap. Summer pruning may also bo prac ticed on older or bearing trees in con nection with tho thinning of (lie fruit. In this case there is very little occa sion for cutting and pinching off tho terminal shoots, as older trees make little or no wood growth. Cutting out a number of fruit spurs will give a larger food supply for the remaining ones, and the size of the fruit borne Is greatly increased. EASY TO GROW STRAWBERRY Quite Another Thing to Sell Crop Profitably—Must Be Carefully Packed in Boxes. It is an easy matter to grow a crop of strawberries, but quite another tiling to sell them profitably. Straw berries, to sell well, must bo packed carefully in boxes and placed on the market soon thereafter. Few towns are well equipped with strawberries during the strawberry season. Any Individual who will plant one to five acres will find a ready market for all bis product at home. For home market strawberries should be very nearly ripe when picked; but for shipping they should be picked a little greener. It is an easy matter to pick a small area, but when several acres have to be picked over every day It is not easy. Shortage of help Is the main trouble. When picking for shipping a field should be picked every day if possible, but for homo market, to pick over the same ground every other day is often enough. It is well to see that the boxes are well filled. HOE FOR MULCHING PLANTS Upturned Flanges of Tool Tell Oper ator Its Depth and Exact Posi tion of Sharp Edges. The sharp upturned flanges of this hoe tell the operator the depth of tho hoe and also tho exact position of the sharp edges. This latter feature is Mulch Hoe. of great Importance when the opera tor is mulching near plants which might be cut underground.—Wiscon sin Agriculturist. TIME TO PICK SMALL FRUITS If Strawberries, Raspberries and Blackberries Become Overripe They Become Worthless. Strawberries, raspberries and black berries are of a very perishable na ture. They must bo picked when Just right, and if allowed to become over ripe they become soft and are re jected by customers. This is a loss to tho grower. The strawberry must bo reset every three or four years for the best suc cess, while the raspberry and black berry should he reset every five or six yeara. T 1 is always moans a large amount of careful and painstaking work. PRUNING GRAPES IN SUMMER Only Time Cutting Is Necessary Is When Room on the Trellis la Not Sufficient. Except in rare cases it. is not ab solution necessary to give grapevines any pruning in summer. The only time when summer pruning is necessary is when the trellis room is not sufficient, anil in that case it might be well to cut out some of the new wood. Use of Lime-Sulphur. Lime-sulphur should not be used during a period of excessivoiv hot. diy weather. First Footpaths in 1762. The student of old London, notic ing the whitened curbs in the streets today, is inevitably reminded that the Institution of the footway is really of quite recent date. It was not, in deed, until after the Westminster pav ing act of 1762 that footways became at all general. Before that time man and Least took the same road. Many of th<| old iron posts, which are still to be seen in Regent street and else where, showing the crown and the monogram of the Georges, indicate tho corners of these first footways. HOW TO SECURE A GOOD STAND Proper Seeding Of Crimson Clover Is Essential To Successful Production. NICHOLAS SCHMITZ Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station. The lack of rain in late summer and early fall is responsible for many failures of crimson clover, because the young seedlings aro very easily killed by lack of moisture or hot sunshine. The seedbed, then, should be firm, moist and finely pulverized. Where sown in cultivated crops, such as corn and tomatoes, the cultivation neces sary for these crops Is usually suffi cient for the clover; where following small grain the stubble should be plowed down as soon after harvest as possible, and the land well worked-up. Then, after one or two good rains and a light surface-working, the field is ready for crimson clover seeding. Of late years, preparing stubble land for crimson clover by discing thor oughly has been practiced, and under favorable conditions has given good results. This saves labor, but can not be recommended for hard clay soils. Method Of Seeding. The seed may be broadcasted by hand, or sown with one of the broad casting machines found on tlie mar ket, of which the wheel barrow seeder is about the most satisfactory. In cul tivated crops the seed may also be sown with one of the special* single row hor-e-seeders, niade for seeding Intertilled crops; but, generally, the machine is best. When sown in corn a rotary hand seedor may be used on horse back. This seeder should be supported a foot or so above the saddle horn, and the horse’s ears covered to prevent the seed entering. Time And Rate Of Seeding. It is best to seed some time between (he middle of July and the middle of September. Along the water-fronts In Southern Maryland and in the southern part of tlie Eastern Shore it may be safe to sow as late as ttie middle of September or a little later, but by fat the best results are ob tained if seeded a month or six weeks earlier. In the northern part of the Eastern Shore and In the crimson clover section of Harford, Baltimore, Howard and Montgomery counties, it should not be seeded later than Sep tember Ist, and preferably 4 or 5 weeks earlier. In Carroll countv and in almost all of the lower altitudes of Frederick and Washington counties and in the Mountain Section It is sel dom safe to sow aft- r August 25th, and it may be seeded as early as July 15th. The most common rate of seeding is 15 pounds per acre A few use 20 pounds, while others use only 12 pounds per acre. If the weather and soil conditions tire just right. 12 pounds Is enough. SHRUBS FOR HOME GROUNDS. D. W ANSPON Maryland State College Of Agriculture. According to their flowering habit, shrubs are divided into two groups. One group of shrubs produces flowers from buds that were formed the previ ous season. The other group produces flowers from buds that are formed on the new wood of the current season. It is the first group in which the flower buds are prepared before hand, that we especially are Interested in at this time. Among tills group are the following shrubs; Azaleas Golden Bell Calycanthus Japan Quince Daphne Mock Orange Deutzias Mountain Laurel Dogwoods Privets Dwarf Almond Rhododendrons Flowering Currant Spireas (Spring Flowering Crab Flowering) Flowering Peach Viburnums The growth of these shrubs can be controlled by pruning now-. As soon as the flowers fade, shorten back the old wood. Old shoots that tend to crowd should be removed. Those growing out of the bounds should be cut back to conform to the general outline of the plant. By this method of pruning, strong shoots will develop, on which the flower-buds for the en suing year will form. Where the growth of such shoots becomes too vigorous, pinch them back. On Rhododedrons and Azaleas cut out the old flower heads as soon as they fade. Climbing roses need little pruning, save cutting off the flower clusters jift er they are through flowering. Evergreen trees, to develop into good specimens, should have the low est limbs extending the greatest dis tance out from the trunks. When up per limbs are allowed to grow out beyond the lower limbs, serious in jury results. The longer branches will shade the lower and also throw off ttie rain from them. Soon the lower limbs will drop their needles or leaves and die. All upper branches that ex tend beyond the lower limbs should be cut back until they are shorter than ttie ones directly beneath them. Al ways cut back to a strong bud, so as to leave no stub. Pinching out the terminal bud will check growth in that direction, when the branch (ends to grow out of bounds. Tenerlffe Would Extend Trade. The first combination of business men brought together In the Canary islands for exclusively foreign trade purposes with any one nation was or ganized December 29, 1915, under the title of “The Tenerlffe-American Board of Trade.” The purpose of the new trade body is to increase the commer cial relations between the Island of Teneriffo and business men In the United Stales. ATTACKED OVER A QUAGMIRE One British Soldier, Unwoimded, Re mained Stuck In Mud Completely Helpless, Three Days. The performance of the Shropshire*! when they recaptured trenches taken from us by the Germans two nights before, was, if on a small scale, a con spicuously flue piece of work. The ground over which the attack had to be delivered was an almost Inconceiv able quagmire. The mud, diluted with the rain which fell heavily throughout, was never less than knee deep. Generally It was above tho thighs. Tho only way in which, In many places, our men could advance was by throwing their rifles in front of them and going forward like frogs. Not a few lives were lost by actual drowning. It took the first attacking column some hours to cover 200 yards of “ground.” After it was over, a considerable time in many instances was spent in ex tricating wounded men from 1 lie mud, and it Is a simple but illuminating fact that one man, unwounded and quite sound, remained out, stuck in the mud, helpless and undiscovered, three days. There is no one who went through it who was not, at one time or another, up to ills armpits iu the slush, and, while there, under heavy lire of shells, rifles and machine guns. Under these conditions tho affair was carried through with great gal lantry, and was as gallantly repelled. Many Individual nets of bravery have been officially reported. London Times. GEORGIA FISH GO ON SPREE Finny Tribe Is Alleged to Have Caroused Disgracefully While Atlanta Humans Thirst. Walter Taylor, city clerk, declares that tho fish In South river should have the attention of the Humane so ciety, says the Atlanta Journal. They are being grossly mistreated by tho city since the police began dumping blind tiger liquor in the sewers, ho states. He said after a trip to the river with Oscar Cochran, manager of the city parks, that ho found the fish in a maudlin condition due to the excessive use of alcohol. Most of them were in n disgraceful state of Intoxication, and (lie oil’s Hint were not were fighting to get their share. He says tho river Is rapidly becom ing stocked with fish from farther down the stream, coming tip to set a share of the liquid. And he adds that tlie inhabitants of tho region are trying to find away to extract tho alcohol without having to cat (lie fish, recognizing that the two don’t go well together. Put the Children First. At Broad and Spring streets I (taw 20 automobiles held up while Law. dressed as a bluecoat. escorted a little schoolgirl across tho street. The thing la repeated forty times, yea a hundred times every day. Nowhere else In the city docs Edu cation in short frocks ami knee breeches meet Mammon in his limou sine and fight for the rigid of way as at that point. And I’m glad to report that with one of the most efficient and best-natured "cops" in the world on guard, Mammon does more waiting than embryo Education. “Whoa, there," exclaims the Law. as Mammon comes tearing down Broad. "What the devil," roars Mammon. “I’m in a hurry.” "Yes,” says the Law, ‘but so aro these children. The school bell won’t wait for them.” And off goes tho Law to help a bunch of laughing children across that hazardous way, while wealth in its robes and furs sits in futile rago. Bismuth In Alaska. A considerable ledge of rock, carry ing bismuth in commercial quantities, has been found in the Totalanlka coun try of Alaska by a well-known miner named John Leach. Tests demon strate that the ore carries bismuth from 20 to 30 per cent pure. Bismuth brings from S3OO a ton upward, and of all metals is perhaps tho easiest to mine, it melts at a temperature slightly above 208 degrees centigrade, and can, therefore, bo melted with wood fires, obviating the necessity of shipping the ore outside with tho heavy incidental transportation and melting charges, a burden other min ing interests have to bear because of tho government’s policy of forbidding the development of coal mines in Alaska. While tho presence of bis muth ore in Alaska has long been known, the Leach claim is the first discovery of a largo deposit. Here tofore most of it used in the States has been Imported from Saxony and Bohemia, although Connecticut has mines from which considerable quan tities of the ore have been taken. Bis muth is used principally as an alloy constituent, but also enters into tho preparation of paints, medicines, face powder, etc. His Glass Eye in Pain. A very peculiar accident happened to O. R. McColley. While walking with one of his customers, James L. Boyd, he suddenly threw his hands to one of his eyes which he hud had re placed with a glass one. He exclaimed in groat pain that something had hit him in the eye. He was nearly frantic for some time, when Doctor Cogswell was summoned and the patient was removed to his cilice After the pain was relieved tho eye was removed, and It was discovered the back of the glass eyeball had broken and the vacuum from the hol low Inside had drawn the optic nerve through the broken part, which caused Intense pain. The inside part of the eye is badly inflamed and it will necessitate the placing of a new glass eye as soon as It has healed sufficiently.—From a Wolsey (S. Dak.) Dispatch. Children Cry FOR FLETCHER’S CASIOR 1 A \ =a | BACTERIA FOUND IN UDDER In Experimenting With Several Bacilli Common to Milk, Scientist Dis covers New Germ. A discovery of especial Interest to dairymen lias recently been made by un Italian scientist named Constantino. In experimenting with the several ba cilli common to milk, he found a new germ which has to do with the form ing of rennet and the coagulation of milk and it thrives especially well in the milk If left in a cow's udder at milking time. When the cow is not milked dry, these acid-forming bac teria develop rapidly and set up in llammation likely to cause serious complications. It is not an unusual thing for a poor ly milked cow to develop a case of caked udder or mammilla, but the ex act cause of the trouble has not until the present time been fully understood. The change In the milk due to these organisms is entirely different from the change which occurs in ordinary fermentation and the presence of the harmful bacteria cannot bo determined by ordinary methods employed. A spe cial set of fermentation tests for this purpose have been devised, and these are of especial value to the cheese maker. The presence of the germs In dicates faulty milking and an unwhole some condition of the udder. The dis covery of the bacillus serves to em phasize the Importance of clean and thorough milking. RIDDING THE COWS OF FLIES Simple Homemade Mixture, Spread Lightly Over Animals, Well Worth Time In Applying. Nothing conduces more to the com fort and profit of cows on pasture than a protector against the swarms of files that persecute all through the day and into the night. The follow ing simple homemade mixture sprayed lightly over the animals, particularly where the (lies congregate and cannot be brushed off by the tail. Is well wortli the time it requires to apply It daily; To a quart of kerosene add a tablespoonful each of the following: ,<vv. ,-A/. •>* s.=t vA- < V: .->•! Shorthorn Heifers in Pasture. Oil of tar, oil of pennyroyal, tlsh oil, carbolic acid. Heat well together. It is best and quickest to apply It with a force pump in a tine spray. PASTURE STAKE FOR A COW Practically Impossible for Rope to Be come Tangled as Animal Walks Around Wheel. An old carriage wheel and axle were used to good advantage In the j making of the pasture stake shown in ( the sketch, writes W. P. Quackenbush Wheel Revolves on Stake. of New York city in Popular Mechan ics. When the animal tethered to the wheel walks around the stake, it is praetieally impossible for the rope to become tangled, as the wheel revolves - on the axle. Sp'tJer’s Lariat. There is in this country a species of spider which haunts evergreen trees and catches Its prey by moans of a kind of lariat. The web of tills spider is triangular i in form, consisting of four longitudinal I lines and a large number of cross fibers connecting them. Two corners of the triangle are attached to twigs, 1 but the other corner, which terminates in a single thread, is held by the spider perched on a neighboring twig. When I ally strikes the weh, the spider loos ens his hold and the elastic threads Instantly entangle the victim. Mice Help to Catch Other Mice. A little device has just been patent ed which transforms any standard pre serving jar into a mouse trap. The trajis which kill the little rodents lose their usefulness after a time by rea son of the fact that the odor left by the deceased vermin acts as a warn i ing to the acute noses of others, so that to be of use the tray must bo scalded or otherwise fumigated at reg ular intervals. The preserving-jar mouse trap does not hold any odor, and, being of glass, it catches an un limited number of mice, one after the other. The bait will catch the first mouse, and after that the newcomers, seeing their fellow inside, will be prompted by curiosity to follow, and as each one enters the trap entrance is automatically set (or the next one. HoHkulinrdl CARE IN GATHERING APPLES Fruit-Grower Is Wise If He Conducts Harvesting of Crop So That No Injury Is Done. The fruit-grower who lias followed as carefully as lie could the methods which modern experience lias shown to be necessary to grow a crop of tine apples is wise above many of his neighbors. Having thus secured an abundant crop, ho will show additional wisdom if lie conducts the harvesting so that no injury comes to the fruit through carelessness or unwise meth ods, Whether apples tiro te lie used by the grower or are to he shipped to a more or less distant market, their con dition when they roach the consumer will depend largely upon the degree $4 / •v J/. ST "%■ v< f V ♦; * * ? A Apple Tree In Michigan Orchard. of care with which they are handled between the time when they ripen upon the tree and the time when they reach the consumer. If there is any time in the growing and handling of tlie apple when extreme care will pay better i:i satisfaction and in dollars than it will in the hand picking of the fruit we have never discovered It. A break in the skin, or a bruise, although It may appear very slight and appar ently insignificant, is detrimental to the keeping qualities. Home varieties of apples bruise very easily, especially when they have reached a stage of ripeness suitable for harvesting. TO TRAIN BLACKBERRY CANE Sometimes Desirable in Order to Fa cilitate Cultivation —Wire Trel lis Is Favored. blackberry roots live for many years, but the canes, witli the excep lion of two varieties, bear only in their second year. After the fruiting season, therefore, they are cut out and burned. The one-year-old canes may usually be left to themselves throughout the winter. Not more than three or four new canes are left to each plant, however, and tlie others arc thinned out at tlie same time as those which have fruited. In some cases, it will also bo desir able to train the plants in order tc facilitate cultivation as well as to pre vent damage by winter snows. A wire trellis may then become a profitable investment. Tlie simplest form con sists of a single wire attached to posts set at intervals of from 15 to 30 feet it each row of plants. The canes are tied to tills wire about 2Vi feet above the ground. Another method is to nail cross pieces to the posts and stretch two wires from the ends of those cross pieces, which form a support for tlie blackberry canes on each side. Applying a Spray. Tlie spray should lie applied by a sweeping or stroking motion of the rod beginning at tlie ends of tlie limbs and following down toward tlie trunk with tlie spray directed in and down. This will insure the trunk and cen ter of tlie tree being well covered by tlie time tlie outside and top are fin ished. FEED CALVLS IN STANCHIONS After Young Animals Have Devoured Milk and C*,iin They Lose Desire te Suck Ears. There are several good reasons for feeding calves in stanchions. The calves can he fed their milk, tlien their grain, ai d after they have eaten the grain they will lose their desire to suck one another's ears, A stanchion made of wood ’*lll be entirely satisfac tory. it should be made from 3 to .TVs feet high and IS to 24 indies from center to cente?, with the neck space 4 to 5 Inches wide. It Is built in the same manner ns the old-style rigid stanchion. The calf should he fastened while eating, but loosened from the stanchion after it has eaten its grain. The calf pens and ilinehions should be built in tlie south side of tlie barn, where plenty of nmshlne and light can lie had. Children Cry FOR FLETCHER’S CASTORI A Wpf Contents 15 Fluid Drachm CASTORIA rCBfiITMBI i r ° r Infants and Children. llMothers Know That j|| Genuine Castcria 1 % Always , I|| fflagaaeft! Bears the /Jf J* i itsl gj<n, fl tiire //V ! /c Promolcs Diyesl ioatlicerfij & l icssmulßcst.CcmWjiJ p /\\ If irc ()piuui>lorphiue 01 \l Not NaRQOTH'. I y r i'-j'J. j JfrmerfOHDctVliUliZMß- \ -lA” I‘ v 'O’ • runifiiin StitL . IJT p r '.S j jmmms- ) L 1A ; , I t A . r\% I n jifkii/irm/eSiito’* I l\ 1 II lll jVi I ■.ij hMtv r " I,n,,T S - J&k T II _ _ S so \ F .f.-dl{emcayfort’o^JJ 1 /Tf *l, US 6 : ■<?, ! Worms.Fcvcnshn} IkT go n VPr •;i^ C jae Simile Signal^. J , W lUI UVul : i? (fytffffi™.'' TI * i \l $ Thirty Years i§BMSTOIII Exact Copy of Wrapper thi cimtuh comhnt ncw oh city Y 'U can avoid the expens", delay and dirt ot removing the old roof, 3 and the inside of your house i.i not exposed during the rc-rooflng. In- expensive, storm-proof and permanent. I 6 I t r■■’■■■ Ij I Local Contractors, Roofers, or Ccitright Metal Eocfing Co., 50 IT. 23rd St., Pkila., Pa. Magazine tialU ><J. s . ' i !l liviSni) s' - :■ '• •■--men Have “T > • i ' ! - C; . “ny ot'ior 1/ v ■’ ii■ i>; the 1 if!.,. . . ’ • ; : tlilv in * ,lttC ;! ,• . ll.imsaml horn >• Ji 1 latest 1-*su - 1 ■ 1 -..ch i- sue is 1 v . ' , ait st ries and a -, ;.i i ' >a fur women. :1 .. .- '-I N r..-> in ?,lc !•* subscribing f.T >1 c™ t’i ‘is oi vs° i p:.* ,i . r ■ h ~ a.y vns ui the celebrated M. SI.; I .re. , * Met'.H i-i.i“>ru ....:it .ill o'hera In style, fit, s:i 1 r.nn::- r sold. Mure a,-.; s ■ i I’l’-fri tb.m anv other two mil pi' ■■ 1. ' "c 1 . r iluu 15 cents, liny tr in yi at dea.ci', nr by lu.. until LIcCA LL’3 MAGAZINE 23(5-2:3 \V. 37th St., New York City N n_s ilu j;i r I'reiam- <*•.'' oe %n 1 I’attcra Cau.oi.'ut fwe. Foley b Kidney' -&T Ji JL Jr What They Will Do for You They will cure ycur backache, strengthen your kidneys, cor rect urinary irregularities, build up the worn out tissues, and eliminate the excess uric, acid that causes rheumatism. Pre vent Bright’s Disease and Dis rates, and restore health and strength. Refuse substitutes. WARRANTED FOR ALL TIME. If you purr huso tlio NEW HOME you will have a lift* asset at Hie price you pay, and will Hot have an endless chain of repairs. rfefil ~^rl'fj Qua, : ty HjT || || <• Considered ttJif i it is the fflLi| Cl,e.p in the end If you want a sewing mtu-lilnp.v’rlte tot our latest catalogue before you parchu*e. liifl New Home SewiM Machine Ca Crangß.Mass- PEERLESS Paper MEAT Sacks Arc ufr HI", su Si• iccTcut .kipper* in a,ML* if the tiiup i diit’ctlou* on *oh no* me Ini' ‘Wed. i y uni s\ 5 n<Tmttvw*f illJv. V-aF 1 rs.cr At sonii ;ts yo'tr meM It smoked, In the early •j.i i beforel'.. I liw *i skipper fly puts In an up P aauee, pirn , v.ui n eat la the sack, following th ■iln ple tllre •!!•• r-ia • I v iire-tetl on each one, and fon ran r*st as... hat you will not be bothered 1 wj;h worms in vm n> *ai. 1 •‘Peerless** Pi. to eat Hacks are made from a p*-< ?prepj. eti, m > tough, pliable, strong, dost- I rr<i>iV* he;*o with our perfect ‘•Peerless* but *.<> m wb lt’ll :• •> un i water tight, and with care chi ie used f> i rural years The) are made In three sizes to s*:: si l -d/ea of meat, and sell at 3,4 ! and * flits *••: .according to size. The large tr ) cei’.' l/e ’uk* •.** l ams and ehouldere of h0( wei tUm; (1 ive ~*bl i from 350 to HOO pounds, m com|lug to b *w in* .ii at In trimmed; medium or i ce;it size from '.'oo I'Wi pounds and the email or I ot mi size fr<• :i lOT- ; . . ‘il'h pounds. A fulr trial will full, sustain every claim for oui sais and we fe-v l hat where once ueed thoy will I ..MM* a houseM. t I necessity. fclT'Ask jniii .meer for them. Price 3,4 ami .■> < enta apiece, according to site. M ANUKiCrUKaD ONLY BY TIB Grsat ou heri) Ptg. & Mfg. Co . • 1 n n*l(K MP THE BALTIMORE NEWS Daily and Sunday IfA live, independent news paper, published every aft ernoon (daily and Sunday). r ’overs tborona , hiv the ,vs events of tiie city, j ■ ale am. country. *’A newspaper for the liomo—for the family cir cle. the confidence and respect of its readers. cent everywhere. Buy it from your local Newsdealer or order by mall. One month $ .30 Six months... ... . $1.75 4> One year 3.50 | -r-sr-ar-T | The DaUimore News H VLTIMORK, HD. 8