YOLUME 1. A. (J. BOYD, PUBLISHER KSjIR I L.f.r/J JFHME UAGEKBTOWN, FRIDAY, - Nov. 7. ANDREW 8. BJYO, ED ! TOR AND PUBI SHlfi. CIRCULATION S,OOO—MOBE OB LESS. Documents for the People. Congress shall make no law recpeoting aa ei kabllsbmeat of religion, or prohibiting the free ptereiae thereof; OR ABRIDGING THE FREE BOM O? SPEECH, OR OP TflE PRESS ; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, to petition tba Government for a redress of grlaranoei.— AATlCLl I, Amendments Con. U. S. A well regulated Militia, being neeeaiary to the security of a frae State, THE RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE TO KEEP AND BEAR ARMS, SHALL NOT BE INFRINGED.—Aaneti 2, Amendments COM. C. S. . THE RIGHT OP THE REOPLE TO BE BE PURE IN THERE PERSONS, HOUSES, PA FIRS, AND EFFECTS, AGAINST UNREA SONABLE SEARCHES AND SEIZURES, SHALL NOT BE VIOLATED, AND NO WAR RANTS SHALL ISSUE, BUT UPON PROBA BLE CAUSE, SUPPORTED BY OATH OR AFFIRMATION, AND PARTICULARLY DE SCRIBING THE PLACE TO BE SEARCHED, AND THE PERSONS OR THINGS TO BE SEIZED.— AXTICLB 4, Amendmonta Con. U. 9. No perion aball be held t answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a present mint or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in eeeee arising in the land or naval furoee, or in the Militia, whan in actual lervlce in time of War or fcablio danger; nor ahall any perron be inbject for the lame offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor ahall be compelled in any Criminal Caae to be a witneaa egainat himself, NO* BE DEPRIVED Or LIFE, LI3BKTY, OR PROPERTY, WITfICUr DUE PROCESS OF LAW; nor aball private property be taken for public nae, without jest eompenaation.— Abticli t, Amendments Con. 0. S In all criminal proaecntiont, tbe accaaed ahall erjoy tbe rigbt to a rpaedy and public trial, by an Impartial jury c" the State and district wherein tbe crime ahall have been committed, which die trlct aball have been previoualy aacertainad by law, and la ba ivfarmad n/ tht nature and eautt of the aec ration,* to ba corf ranted with tbe uifniuii agaimt \im; to have Compnlaory process for obtaining Wltnaaaea in hia favor, and to have the aea'aUnee of Coanael for hia defenoe.— Auticlc C Amendmenta Con. U. 8. That no man ought to be taken, Or imprisoned, I er diaaeiied of hia freehold, libertioa or privileges, | or ontlawed, or exiled, or in any manner de atroyed, or deprived of life, liberty, or property, hat by tbe judgment of Lie peera, or by tbe law of the land. Ojclaration of R : ghtaof the People cf Maryland, Art. 21. * e-e The Supply and Demand notloe below, addreeeed to tbe reader, waa inaerted in oar flrat iaane, but the anpply of pepera atruck off not being tvpal to the demand, wa were uuable to aend a copy to many persons who will receive thia, consequently tbe notice will be as applicable to aucb new es it was to those who riceivsd car llrat number. A tVoid wttli the SteaSer. Without the preliminaries which usually herald tbo advent of a new publication, aucb as the issuing of a prospectus and the solicit ing of subscribers, we present the first num ber of the " JFret Prut, " for the approval or disapproval of the public. Those to whom this number may be sent for inspection, and who, from any cause, do not fael disposed to encourage our enterprise, will please return it, in order that their names may be expunged from our list. Those who do not return this number will be deemed as desiring to become subasrilers, and may expect to have the paper mailed or delivered regularly hereafter, as also In proper time, to be called upon .for something luiitaniial to equalize exchangee. The arrests in Baltimore. I parties, noticed in onr last ■■ having besn arretted in Baltimore, by order of General Wool, bar* tinea bten conteytd ta Fort Dela ware. Tbe Sun ay: "Gan. Wool'a action In regard to tba arrests made bat, it ia nnderitood, been fully auatained by the authorities at Washington, and a full and explicit investigation of the matter will be made in the appointed manner and at the proper time, in tba meantime Major Gan. Wool, at the com mandant of tbe Middle Department, has expressed a determination not to suffer any one to violate tbe rules and regulations governing this military department, under whatever guise they may; all In cemmon mutt respect the military authority acoordiog to the late proclamation of tbe Presi dent. He alto exprestea a determination to insist upon all charges brought against his administra tion of this military department being made In an official manner and proceeded with by court of inquiry, or aa, tbe President may determine, lie has sustained the eivil authorities in the transac tion of all State and city functions, and enforced respect to law and order by those known to be o.r suspected of disloyalty, and now deems it ne. 3'ssary to also hold acconntable any citlxen who may attempt to violate the Iftws regulating the administration of military affairs in the depart ment of which he la aommandant." The Effect of Shot on Vessel*. . A ahof does not make a hole of ite own else right through wood, but indents it, tlje fibers springing ! back after the ahock. .Generally, the course of tha shot only can be traced with a wire, some times by a bole a* .large as a man's fiogtr. The damage most often happens in.tbe inside of a ves sel, in splintering and breaking tba wood, .after tbe main force of the shot ia spant. Forts Hamil ton and Richmond, which aro about a mile apart, with a veasel lying between then, could not vf Ith their guns, aeud a abot through two feet of ita . timbers. There ia rarely in instance where a ipip was sank by a solid shot. Hot shot and sheila do tha mieehief. Tbe latter will eometimea sqake spertorfs of several feat in uttnt through 'he e'.das of veeet, "COMMON CONSENT IS %HE ONLY LEGITIMATE BASIS OF GOVERNMENT." A Scene worth considering Now. The following is A description of A sotns which occurred in New York, upon the recep tion of the news of a treetj of Peace, between Greet firitein end the United Stales, end pnt an end to the lastitruggle between these twopowera. Thia waa the ending of a oontest with our natural ' enemies, and in which there conld be no doubt aa to the justness of oar cause, if then, such newt waa greeted with rejoicing, with bonfires and illuminations, what kind of demonstrations might we not expect upon the conclusion of a Peace now, when the contest it, aa it were, between hreth'tr of tb asms fcreil-. The narrator aayat "Tears ago, the office of the old GIZSTTA waa in HancTer t jusre, near the corner of Pearl etreet. it waa a place of raaort and conversation, espe cially in the evening. The evening ef February 15,1815, was cold, and at a late .hour only Alder man Sebra and another gentleman wereleft with father hang, the geniuaofthe place. The office was about being closed, when a pilot rusbad In, and stood for a moment eo entirely exhansted ae to he unable to speak. "He hat grsat newt!" exclaimed Mr. Lang. Presently the Pilot, gasping for breath, whle pered intelligibly—"Psaca ! Peace 11 The gentlemen lost their breath ae fast aa the Pilot gained hia. Directly the Pilot waa abla to •;- "An English aloop it balow, with news of a traatyof peace!" They say that Mr. Lang cxalaimad In greater words than he ever need before—and all bands rushed into Hanover square exclaiming—"Peace I Peacel" The windows flow up—for faiailisi lived there then. No eooner were the inmatee anre of the •weet aound of peace, then the windows began to glow with brilliant illuminations. The cry of j "Peace! Peace!" spread through the city, at the lop of all voices. No one stopped to enquire a bout "free trade and aailoie' rights." No one en quired whether even the national honor bad bean preserved. The matters by whioh politicians had irritated the nation into the war, had lost all thoir importance. . ft waa enough that the ruinous war waa over. An old man on Broadway, attracted by the noise to hia door, was seen to pull down a placard, "To Let," which had been long posted up. Norer was there suqh joy in the oily. A few evenings aiter, there was a general Illumination, and although the scow was a. foot deep and soaked with rain, yet tSe streets were crowded with men and women, eager to oee and partake of everything whioh had in it the eight or taste cf Peace." A Roadside Colloquy. The following colloquy took plaee come where—no metter where—if it stikes home here, or hereeboute, the object of its publication will hare been aooouiplislied. j "And so, 'Squire, you don't take a oounty pa ! peiT" "No, Major, 1 get tbe oity paper on mach bet ter terms, so I take a couplo of thtm," "But, Squire, tbe county papere often prove a great convenience to us. Tbe more we encoursge them the better tbe editors osn afford to make tbem." "Why, I don't know any convenience they are to me." "Tbe farm yon eold last Fall was advertised !o one of them, eud thereby you obtained a cus tomer. Bid you not?" "Yery true, llejor; but I paid ttr f.r 1." " And yon made more than three hundred dol lars by it. Now, if yonr neighbors bad not main tained the, press end kept it ready for use, you would hare been without tbe means to advertise your property. But I think 1 saw your daugh ter's marriage iu those papers—did tbet oost you anything?" "No, but—" "And your brother's dsatb with a long obitsa ry notice. And tbe destruction of your neighbor Nigg's bouse by fire. You know these things are Exaggerated till tbe autbentio acoounts of tbe newspapers set tbem right." O, true, but—" "And when your cousin, Sp'.tsb, was up for the Legislature, you appeared mueb gratified at hie defense—which cost him no hiog." "Yes, yes; but these things are news to the readers. Tbey oauso tbe people to take tbe pa pers." . - • .i "No, 'Squire Grudge, not If all wore like yo. Now, I tell you, the day will surely come when somebody will write a long eulogy on your life and character, and the printer will put it in type with a heavy black line over it, and with all your riches, this will be done for you as a grave for a pauper. Yonr wealth, liberality, and all suob things will be spoken of; bat the printer's bey, at be spells the words in arranging tbe type to these sayings, trill remark of yon—"Poor, mean der.il, he is even sponging an obituarjl" Good "soming 'Bqnire." Yordietofthe Jury— Gultt. Our Sentiments. j?#""The Hoa. Solomon Foole, who has just besn re-elected to tbe United States Senate, matte an address before tbe members of tbe Ver mont Legislature, on tbe 24th inst. Mr. F., who is a conservative Republican, in the course of bis speech, perpetrated ar. amusing joks upon tbe radicals smong bis audience—a joke by which be drew cheers from the abolition bencbes by fraud —though a pious fraud, perhaps: "I am for making this an abclition war," be said in bis stentorian vo ce. [Cbeers from tbe radicals ] "I repeat," said he, I am for an Abolition war." [Louder cbeers from tbe same quarter] "I mean, gentleman, tbat 1 am for tbe abolitition of this rebellion." [Not a cbeer from tbat side, but deafening applause generally,] ADVERTISE. J&-Da\\ times are the rery best for sdrertlssn. What little is going on. thsy get; while others are grumbling, they pay their way, and with a news paper for a life-preeerTer, swim on the top of the water, while others aronod are etching. A NICE EX I'ERI M en p.—The Indies are intro ducing anew and beautiful ornament for the parlor, mantel, or centertable. They take Urge pine burrs, sprink'e grass seeds of any kind in them, and place them in pots of water. When the burrs are soaked a few days, they close up in the form of solid cones, then the little spears of green grass begin to emerge front amongst the lamine, forming an ornament of rare and simple beauty. HAGERSTOWN, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1862. The Raid into Pennsylvania--Ocaoral. Stuart's Official Reports. The aubjoined extracts from Rlahmond pagers, of tba 25th instant, wa copy from ono of ourez changes.* Lia'a IMSTHCCTIOKS TO arraar. Htctdq warfare JYorWern Army Virgina, 7 Camp near Winchester,!) J Oct. j Mejor General J. E. B. Stuart, commenting Cavalry, As General: Aa expeditiou lnt> Ma ryland with a dtisohment of cavalry, if it mn bt successfully axscatad, is at this time desirable.— Yoa will tberafora, form a detachment of from twelve tjiifieer, hundred wall mouated'Wfcliva ble for euoh an expedition, and should the SUM! na tion from yonr scoats lead you to suppose that your movements ean ba concaatad from bodies of the enemy that would be able to resist it, yoa era de sired to croqa the Potomac above Williamaport, leave Hagerstown and Greencaatle on your right, and prooted to tbe rear of Cbambaraburg, and en deavor to destroy the railread bridge over the branch of the CunccocheagUe. u Any other damage that yoa can inflict npon tha eaemy or hia meana of transportation yoa will ex ecute. Yon are deaired to gain all Information of the poiition, foroe end probably intention of tbe enemy which yon san; and la yonr progress Into Pennsylvania yoa will take measures to inform yourself of the varloue routes that yon may take on your retnrn to Virginia. , To keep yoar movement eeeret, it will be neo eiitry for yoa to arrest all citizena that may give information to tbe enemy, and should you meet with eitlzana of Pennsylvania boldirg Slate er government offices, it will be desirable, if conveni ent, to bring them with yon, that they may be uaed aa hostages, or the means of our own citizens that have been canted off by the eaemy. Such pereone will, of course, be treated with all tbe respeot end consideration thai cir cumstances will admit. Should it ba In your power to supply yourself with horaaa, or other neeeaeary articles sfi'tte list of legal capture, you are authorised to do ss. Having accomplished your arraod, you will re jdo the army as sock as practicable. Bsliauoe is placed upon your skill and judgment In ths suo oesiful execution of this plan, and it is not inten dad or desired thatyousbeuld jeopardise the ssfety of your command, or go farther than your good judgement or prudence may dictate. Colonel Imboden has been desired to attract the attention of tba enemy towards Cumhtrit-.d ; so that the river between that point and wbere yon may recross may be iesa guarded. Teu will, cf course keep out your soouts, to give you informa tion, and take every other prestation to vacate# the success and safety of the expedition. Should yon be led so far east as to mske it b t tar, in your opinion, to tonilnue around t>V->e Putumao, you will have to arosetho river vicinity of Leesbnrg. 1 am, with great respect, your obedient servant, K. E. LIB, General, tag. STOUT'S oxniaa TO an COUUANS. HvadquarUrr Cavalry Diviiivn. i October 9, 1862. Orderi No. ll.—Daring the expedition Into the enemy's country, on which thle commend it ebout to engage, brigade commtnderi will make srreqge. menta for ceiling boriee, the property of citiiene of the United Stetee, end ell other property (abject to legal capture, provided that in so otie will tsr species of pronert* >• *- Dy anthority t nin in pereen or in writing of the commander of brigade, regiment, or capfain of a company in the abfenoe ef hit superior offleara. In ail caaei, a simple receipt will be given to the effect th'bthn article it aeiied for the me of the Confederate Statei, giving place, date and name of ownen, in order to enable the individual to have recourse apon hit government for damages. Individual plunder for private uie ie positively forbidden, end every instance meat be pt.jiebed in the severest manner, for an army of plunderers consummates its own destraotion. The capture of anything will not give the captor any indlvida at claim, and all horses and equipments will be tept to be apportioned upon the return of the ex pedition, through the entlra division. Brigade commanders will arrange to have one-third ef their respeotive commands engaged in leading horses, provided enough can be procured, saeh men link ing so as to lead three horses, the led horses being habitually in the centre of the brigade, and the remaining two-thirds wl'l keep, at all times, pre pared for aetlop.' - ' ' ■ - The attack, when made, must be vigorous and overwhelming, giving the enemy no time to re oonnoltre or consider anything, except his best mesns of flight. All persons found in transit must be detained, subjeot to the orders of-division pro vost marshal, to prevent information reaching the enemy. Asa measure of justice to our many good citizens, who, without crime, bare been takes from their homsa and kept by the enemy in prls on, all publio fnnctiopariaa, snoh as magistrates, postmasters, sheriffs, Ao., will be seised ati p~fc' oners. They will be kkdly treated, and kept as koatages for our own. No straggling from the route of iunrch or bivonuc, fur the pnrposu of ob taining provleiors, Ao., wilt be permitted in any care, the commissaries and quartermasters being required to obtain and furnish all such supplies is bulk M muy be necetiary. Eo much of this ordtr m authorizes aeisurss of persons and property will set take effect until tbe commend croseoe the Pennsylvania line. Tbe utmoit activity le enjoined upon tbe. detach menta procuring horses, and unoeaeing vigilance upon the entire command. Major J. P. W. Ualraton ii hereby appelated dlrliion proroit marebal. By command of llajer Central , J. K. B. Srcaar. R. Chancing Prioe, I t Lieut, and A. D. C. eea. ITOAET'S OVIICUL aaroar or ma axraniTioa. HIAEQOASTISS UAVILET Division, \ October litb, 1882. J 'ulonil 21. 21. Ckillon, A. A. General Army Aorihtrn Virginia: —Colonel—X bare tbe honor to report that on tbe 9th instant, in oompllaace with inatrcotioni from tbe Commanding General Army Northern Tirginia, I proceeded on an ex pedition into Pennsylvania, with a cavalry force of 1,800 men and four pieeea of horse artillery, nuder command of Brig.-Gen. Hampton and Cote* nele W. 11. b. Lee and Jones. This force reudes vouzed at Liarkaville at 12 M., and marched thence to tbe vloinitv of Hedgeeville, where it camped for the nighL At daylight next corning (Cot. 10.) 1 crossed the Potomac at MoCoy's (between Willie import and Hancock,) with some little op position, sapturing some two or three horses of the enemy's p ekets. We were told here by citl sins that a large force had been eamped the night bifore at Clearaprlng, and were eupposrd. (obi enroute to Cumberland. We proceeded ao;th ward until we had reached the turapike leading from Qagerstowu to Hancock, (known as th; National Road.) Hera a signal station on the mountain, and most or the party, with their Urge and apparatus, were surprised and captured, and alto eight or ten prisoners of war, from whom, as well at from ostium, I round that the large foroe alluded to had crossed but an hour ahead of me towards Cumberland, and consisted of six regi ments of Ohio troops and two batteries under Gap. Cox, and Were enroete via Cumberland for the Kanawha. I tent back this intelligsnoe at ofiet to the com manding gmeral. Striking iireetly across the i National road, 1 prooeedtd in the direction of MercartbHrg,. Pennsylvania, which point was reached abeut twelre if. X waa extremely snx ious to retob Hagtrt'.own, where large tnpplies were stored ; bat was satisfied from reliable in brmatlon that tha notioo the enemy bad of my qiproaeh and the proximity of bli forces, would mable him to prsrentmy oapturing it. 1 there fire turned towards Cbambersburg. I did not rtaeh this point until after dark, in a rain. I did nit deam it safe to dafar the attack till morning, ntr was it proper to attack titi morning, nor was Itproper to attack a plaoe full of women and otildren without summoning it first to surrender. I acoordihgly tent in a flag of tract, and fuund no military ar elTil aathorlty in the plane; but time prominent eitixsoe who met the offloer were notified that tha place would be occupied, and if aiy rsatstance were made the plaoe would be •tolled in three minutes. Brig. Gsu. Wads Hampton's command, bting in adrance, took pos~ itaaion of the place, and I appointed him military governor of the city, No incidents occsrred daring tbt night, daring which it rsined continn eutiy.' The ofllolsle all fled the town on our ap proaeh, and pe/One .could be feund who would ad mit that be held ofliee in the plaoe. About 275 •ick and wounded in hospital ware parolod. Da ring tbsday a large number of horses of oitlzeni ware seised and broeght along. The wires were out, and railroads wera obstructed. Next morn ig it was ascertained'that a large number of small arms and munitions of war wera stored about tha railroad balldingr, all of which that cotld uot be esaily brought away ware destroyed consisting of abont 5,000 naw innskate, pistols, sabres, ammunition, also a la ge assortment of army clothing. .Jhe extensive machine shops and depot bcildlrgi of the rdllrotd, and several trains of iosdsd cars, wert entirely destroyed. Prom Cbambersburg I daoided, after mature consideration, to strike for the violeity of Lees berg as the bpst route of return, particularly as Cox's command would bava rendered the direc tion of Cumber'and, full of mountain gorges, par ticularly nasardous. The route selected was through an open country. Of coarsa 1 left noth ing undone to prevent the inhabitants fromdctscl. lng my rsal roate and object. I started directly towards Gettysburg, but having passed tha Bine Ridge, turned bock towards Hsgerstown for six or eight miles, and then crossed to Maryland by Kmmittsbnrg, when, as we passed, we were bailed by the inhabitants with the most enthusiastic demonstrations of j IT. A scooting party of 150 lancan bad just pasaad towards Gettysburg, and I ragrat exceedingly tkatJ" •"'* - * + l* * J ui me delay necessary to catch theta. Taking tha road towards Frederick, we intercepted dis patches frctn Cel. Rash (Lancers) to the common der of the scout, which sat : afled me that our wheraabonts waa still a problem to the enemy. Before reaching Frederick I crossed the Monoo asy, continued the march through the night, Tie Liberty, New Uerket and lloirovia, on the Bal timore end Ohio railroad, where we cat the tele graph wires end obstructed the railroad. We reached at daylight Hyattstown, on McCltllan'a line of wagon communication with Washington, bnt we found only a 'few wagons to capture, and wa pushed on to Btrneeville, whloh we found Juet vacated by a company of the enemy's cavalry.— We had here corroborated what we had heard before, that Stoneman had between fonr and five thousand troops about Poolesville and guardirg tba river fords. I started direetly for l'oolesville, bat instead of marching upon that point, avoided it by a inarob through the woode, leaving it two or tbraa miles to uiy left, and getting into the read from Poolesville to the mouth of the Mo nocaey. • ' i - • Guarding well my flanke and rear, I pushed boldly forward, meeting the heed of the enemy's column going towards Poolssviile. I ordsred the chsrge, which was responded to In handsome style by the advance squadron (Ir ving's) of Lee's brigade, which drove back tbe enemy's cavalry upon the column of infantry ad vancing to uocnpy the creat from which the cav alry were driven. Quiok as thought Lee's sharp shooters sprung to tbu ground, and, engaging the infantry skirmishers, held them in check till tbe artillery In advance came up, vrhioh, under tbe gallant Pelham, drove back the enemy's foroes to hie batteries beyond the Monoceey, between which aid our solitary gun quite a spirited Are continued for some time. This answered, in eoinection with the high crest eeonpied by our piese, to acreen entirely my real movesnaat quickly to tbe left, making a bold tad rapid strike for White's Ford, to make my way acroea before the ectmy at Poolesville end Monocscy could be- aware of my design. Altbeugh delayed somewhat by about two hundred Infantry, strongly potted in the cliffs over the ford, yet they yielded to the moral affect af a few shells before engaging oar sharpshooters, and the crossing of the canal (aow dry) and river was effsoted w.tb a'l the precision of passing a da fllo on drill. A section of artillery being sent with tba ad vance,and placed in position tbe London side, another piece on the Maryland Height, while Pelbam continued to oacapy the attention of the enemy with tbe other,. withdrawing from poeition to position until his piece was ordered to cross. Tbe enemy was marching from Poolesville in the meantime, but came up in lint of battlo on the Maryland bank only to receive a thundering salutation, with evident effect from our guns on this side. I lost not a maukillad ou the expedit ion, and only a few slight wounds. The enemy's lose is not known, but Pelhaoi'e one gnn compel led the enemy's battery to change its position three timee. The remainder of the march was dastitnte of interest. The eenduot of the com mand and their behavior towards the inhabitants is worthy of ths highest praise; a ftif individual caeca only were exception! in this partionlar. - Brigadier Qeneral Hampton, and Colanaii Lee, Jones, Wickham and Butler, and the officers and men under their commend, are entitled to my laating gratitude for their cnolneie in danger and Cheerful obedience to orders. Unoffending per ionv were treated with civility, and the inhabi tants were generon-'in proffers ot provisions on the march. We eeired and brought over a Urge namker of horses, the property of citizens of the United Statet. The valuable information obtained in thia recon noiaaance aa to the distribution of tha enemy'a foroewaa communicated orrally to the command ing genaral, and need not hero be repeated. A number of public functionaries and piominent citizens were taken captivea and brought over aa hoitagaa fcr onr own unoffending citizena whom tha enemy has turn L eu their homes aud cotfined in dungeons in the llortb. One or two of my men lost their way, and are probably in the handi of the enemy. The remits of thia expedition in a moral and political point of view can hardly be estimated, and the consternation among property-hoidera in Pennsylvania beggars description, 1 am especially indebted to Captain B. 8. White South Carolina cavalry, and to Mr. , and Mr.——, whoee ikilful guidance wai of im mense service to me. My staff are entitled to my thanks for nntiriog energy in the discharge cf their dutiat. „ I enclose a nap cf the expedition, drawn by Captain W. W. Blackford, to accompaay this re port. Alio a copy of orders enforced during the inarob. ■ • Believing that the hand of God waa clearly manifested in the.signal deliverance of my com mand from danger, end the orowning success at tending it, 1 aaaribe to Him the praise, the honor, and the glory. , • 1 have tha honor to ba. moat reipactfully, yonr obedient servant, (Signed) J. E. B. STSSST, Mijir General Commanding Cavalry. (From the Advocate of Psace.] . / Havoc of Life by War. It !l difficult to conceive whet fearful havoc war haa made of human life. Some of ita incidental I ravagea seem to defy all fceiief. It has at times entirely depopulated immense districts. In mod ern, as well as ancient times, large tracts lav been left so utterly desolate, that a traveller might pass from village to village, even from city to elty, without finding a solitary inhabitant. The war of 1766 waged in the heart of Europe, left in , cno instance no less than twenty contiguous villa ges without a single man or beast. The Thirty Vears' War, In the seventeenth century, reduced the population cf Oermsny from 12.000,000 to 4, 000,000—three-fourths: and that of Wurtemburg from 500,000 to 48,000 -mora than nine-tenths ! Thirty thousand villages were destroyed; in many others the population entirely died out; and in d.strati orce studd-d with tswra and cities, there sprang up immense forests. * Loot at the bavock of solgee--in that of Lon donderry 12,000 soldiers, beside a vaet number of inhabitants; in that of Paris, in the sixteenth cen tury, 20,000 victims of mere hunger; in that of Malplaquet, 31,000 soldiers alone; in that of Is mail, 40,000; of Vienna, 70,000; of Oatend, 120,- 000; of Mexion, 150,000; of Acre, 300,000; of Car thage, 700.000: of i x.uw.uw I Mark the slaughtor of single tattles—at Lepan e>, twenty-five thousand; at Austerlitz, thirty thousand; at Hylau, sixty thousand; at Waterloo and Quatre Bras—one engagement, in fact—sev enty thousand; at Borodino, eighty thousand; at Fontenoy, one hundred thousand, at Arbela, three hundred thousand; at Chalons, three hun dred thousand of Attilla's army aloDe; four hun dred thousand Usipetes ware slaiD by Julius C:csar in one battle, and four hundred and thirty thou sand Germans in another. , Take only twocases more. The army of Xerxes; says Dr. Dick, must hare amounted to 5,283,320; and, if the attendants weie only one-third ae great as common at the present day in Eastern countries, tbe sum total must have reached Dearly six millions. Yet, in one year, this vast multitude was reduced, though not entirely, by death, to three hundred thousand fighting men; and'of these only three thousand escaped destruction.— Jenghls khan, the terrible rsvager of Asia in tbe thirteenth century; shot ninety thousand on the plains of Netea, and massacred two hundred thou eind at tbe storming of Kharesm. Iu tbe district of Herat, he butchered one million six hundred thousand, and is two cities with their- dependen cies, one million seven hundred and sizty-two thousand. During tbe laet twenty-seven years of bis long reign, he is said to have mSsaacred mora then half a million every year; and in tbe first fourteen yeari, he is supposed, by Chinese histo rians, to have destroyod not less than eighteen millions; a sain totki of over thirty-two millions in forty-one years 1 i ■ J a any view, what a fell destroyer is war! Na poleon's wars sacrificed full six millions, and all the wars consequent on the French Revolution, some uine or ten millions. The Spaniards are said to have destroyed, in forty-two years, more thtD twelve mll ione of American Indians. Ore sian wort sacrificed fifteen millions; Jewish wars, twenty-five millions; the wars of the twelve Caesars, in all, thirty millions; tbe wars of tbe Remans, before Julius Cm-tar, sixty millions; the. wars of the Roman Empirs, of the Saraceus arc the Turks, sixty millions escb; thoss of the Tar tars, eighty millions; those of Africa, one hundred millions I , Dr. Dick says, that if we take into considers ton the nnmbtr not only of those who have ial isn in battle, but of those who have perished through the natural oonssquenoes of war, it will not perhaps be overrating ths destruction of hu man life, if we a'firm, that one-tenth of tbe ha cam race has been destroyed by the ravages Thar gi\ee an e-iKy winning. B.U if you chauco to fall behind, Nt'er slacken your ehdeavor. Bui keep this whcls ms tHtth inmmintd t 'Tie better late t an never, t If yon can ke-p ahead, 'tis welt, But n: ver txlp your neighbor; 'Tie noble *hen you Can excel By honest, patient labor; Bit If you are outstripped at last, Preci on as held aa-ever; Memamner, yu aro star, 'Tis hatter lata than never. Ne'er labor for an idle boast -Qf victory o'er anoth rj ' '• But while you strive your uttermost. Doai fairly with a troiher. Whsta'er your station, do jour be.t, " And hold y ,ur purpose aver; And if you fail to beat tha res', 'Til batter late thau never. Choose woll the puh in which you run, ' Succeed by coble daring; [ Then, the' the last, when once 'tie won. Your crown ls'worth the wearlcg, Then nover fret if left lehinl, Nor (Woken your endeavor, But ever keep this truth in mind— 'Tla better late than never- Practical Jokes We remember of hearing a itorj cf a fellow who arouied a venerable doctor about 12 o'clock one winter'a night, and coming to the door oooly Inquired; . . s "Have you loit a knife Mr. Brownf" "No," growled the vlotim. "Well never tnind," aald tbe wag! "I thought I'd juat call and iuquire, for 1 found one yea terday." We thought that very cocri, but the following story of Neir McKinnon, a New York wag, aur paasei in impudence anything within our recol lection. Head and judge for yourself. < When the celebrated "Copenhagen Jackion" wai British Hlnlater in tbii oountry, he resided in New York and occupied a home- on Broadway.— Neil one night at a late hour, in bompany with a bevy of rough riderc, parsing tbe home, noticed it was brilliantly illumiDated.and that several car riage! were waiting at the door. "Holloal" (aid the waf, "what's going on at Jackson's?" '< - v. c .1 • One of the oompany -remarked that Jackson bad a party thii evening. , - "What!" exclaimed Neil; "Jackson'bave a par ty, and I not invited! 1 must tee to that." ; So, stepping up to the door, be gave • ring UfVlwh f"Oi DrUjbt l*i7 ICi rid", VtlV, "I waot to ate the British Minister," eaid Nell. "You must call eome other time," said the servant, "for he lo now engaged at a game of wbiet, and must not be disturbed." * >, "Don't talk to me that way," eaid McEinnoc. "but go directly and tell the British Miuiaiar tk I must a-* -•——'y on rpecial buii ncts.'' • • • ' • i - -. r - The eerrent ebeyed, and delivered hie meisage in to impressive a style as to bring Mr. Jaokeoa to tbe door forthwith. - ; u "Weil," laid Jfr. Jackson, "what can be yoir bualneu with • at tbia t.ms of eight, which it •o very urgent!" "Are JOB Mr. Jtskson?" arked Neil. "Tee, eir, I an Mr. Jackson." "The Britieh Minister?" "Yee, el:." ' * " , "Ton hate a party here to alght, I peroelre Mr. Jackeon." "Yei eir, I hare a party." "A large party, I prstume." "Yee eir, a large party." "Playing carda I uudsraiaad?" "Yea." "0, well, eaid Wei!, "as I wae passing I merely called to inquire, what'a trumps." , "I Don't Care if I Do." In olden time, before Maine lawa were inrented, Wing kept the hotel at Middle Granule, and from bia weii-etocked bar furnished ' accommoda tions te man and beast." He was a good land lord, but terribly deaf. Fish, the e illago painter, was afflicted in the same way. One day tbey were sitting by themaelTee in the bar room. Wing was behind the counter waiting for the nert customer; while Fish Was lounging before the Are with a thirsty look, catting sheep's eyee occasionally at Wing's decanters, and wish ing most devoutly that some one woaidcomeia and treat. „ . A traveler from the South, on hie way to Bran don, stepped in to inquire the distance. Going up to the counter, be said: "Can you tell me, sir, how far it is to Brat don?" "Brandy?" aaya the ready landlord, jumping °P> "JI ir, I hare some;" at ths urns time handing down a dooanter of the precious liquid. "You misunderstand me," aaya the atrauger, "I asked how far it was to Brandon." "They call it pretty good braady," aaya Wic<- ' "Will you take augar with it?" reaohing, as he spoke, for the bowl and toddy-etick. The despairing traveler turned to Fish, ; "The landlord," aaid he, "teeuoa to be deaf; will you tell me how far it la to Brandon?" "Thank you," said -Fish; "1 don't eare if I do t.ke a drink with youl" The stranger treated and fied. AMCIJOTI o V?ASU!HOIO*.— At Cambridge, ODD. \T aahington had beard that the colored •oldieri were hot to be-depeaded oa for rentriei. So oae night, when the paiawurd was "Cam-i bridge," be went ontclde the camp, put on as orerooat, and then approached a colored eenti ne). . ... • * "V7hogo dart" cried the eentinel. "A friend." replied Waabington. ■ *. "Friend, entrance unarmed and gib de coax teraign," eaid Pompey. Washington came up and eaid "Roxbury." "No, earl" was the reeponie. "Iledford," eaid Waahingtoc. * "No, ear!" returned tbe oolored eoldier. "Charleatou," eaid Waehington. • '' Pompey immediately exclaimed, "I tell y OB , ilaaia Wasbeton, no man kin go by bare 'out ba eay 'Cambridge'!" • j Waikingtop raid "Cambridge," and went by; and tbe next day tbe colored gentleman wae re-/ .liered. .* all fur'.hor noceaaity, for atfending to that particular branch of military diti/,